Brazil position paper

BRAZIL

Committee: Disarmament and International Security Topic: Fragile Cities in the 21st Century Country: Federative Republic of Brazil School/University: Groep T Delegate Name: Velat SONMEZ The SALW in Brazil is a 20th-century phenomenon and the issue of SALW is seen as one of the major concerning issues of the government of Federative Republic of Brazil since 1930s , as the guns used by the criminals contribute the armed violence and terrorism in Brazil . The government of Federative Republic of Brazil is one of the leading countries fighting with the SALW manufacturers and drug traffickers as well, in the South America .In the cooperation with the international and regional organizations, Brazil aims to reduce the huge impact of individual and small gangsta’s usage of SAWL in the metropolitan cities of Brazil.

The Federative Republic of Brazil is one of the members of the MERCOSUR countries working on this issue together with the organizations and agreements and cooperatively with the countries dealing with the issue of small arms and light weaponry. To give the organizations and agreements Brazil signed and is member of; OAS, CIFTA, CAN, CARICOM, NAFTA, UN –LIREC and SICA are the organization Brazil is one of the actors acting a part.

Additionally, Brazil is one of the countries having more than one city populated more than 10 million ; Rio de Jenerio and Sao Paulo are hosting nearly 30 million inhabitants , bringing about the poverty and caused by the wrong urbanization policies .Rio de Jenerio slums are called as favela and in these favelas , it is estimated to be making up %22 of the total population, in which homes are built on a steep mountain slopes prone to landslides and flooding but with the help of international agencies like IDB and IBRD ,Brazil can be shown as one of the successful countries achieving in the overcome of the issue . Since 1984, the government has been working on the issue very efficiently as till now, more than 1 million inhabitants have been resided in the areas built and it is estimated that the people living in favelas will be hosted by more than 200,000 residences with the help of international funds and government’s national funds between 2013 and 2020.

As the favelas’ situation is getting better, thanks to the Favela Pacification Program (FPP) which was introduced in 2008 and aimed to train the officers to expel the drug gangs and enter the favelas easily by establishing a sustainable presence in these areas , the rate of the homicide gets declined ;  

The homicide rates are the in their lowest in Rio de Jenerio throughout the last 18 years, the decline between 2005 and 2012 was about %50.

São Paulo forces to be under the 10 homicides per 100,000 mark, down from 35.7 in 1999

BRAZIL

Committee: Disarmament and International Security Topic: Aftermath of Paris Attacks Country: Federative Republic of Brazil School/University: Groep T Delegate Name: Velat SONMEZ

Although Brazil is officially not considered to have or contain any terrorist cells and training camps, Brazil gives a huge importance on terrorism issue as the terrorism is the issue of international arena . Brazil continues supporting counterterrorism related activities by working with some of major anti-terrorist organizations such as OAS as well as the cooperation with regional countries and FBI. The government of Federative Republic of Brazil believes that the terrorism can only dealt with the cooperation of public and police forces.

Brazil’s terrorism legislation pending in Congress is made up of 4 pieces and each of them specifies in their own fields: the first piece is aimed to deny visas to persons and/or expel foreigners convicted or accused of a terrorist act or terrorism related activity in another country (introduced in 2011); second legislation defines terrorism in the Brazilian Constitution (introduced in 2013); the third one deals with the penal code according to terrorism related sentencing (introduced in 2012); and the last one specializes in specific crimes, including terrorism. “Brazil has three law enforcement agencies with counterterrorism responsibilities, ranging from the investigation of terrorism to interdiction and response which are the Brazilian Federal Police (DPF) , through its Antiterrorism Division (DAT) and Tactical Operations Command (COT); the state-level Military Police Departments, through their respective Police Special Operations Battalions (BOPE); and the state-level Civil Police Departments through their respective Divisions of Special Operations (DOE).�

Finally, Federative Republic of Brazil government believes that terrorism can only be overcome by working in cooperation with other countries and organizations such as border countries and USA and organizations like OAS and CICTE.