The Vegan Summer 1993

New Series. Vol.9, No.2

262 KENSINGTON HIGH STREET LONDON W8

1993 INTERNATIONAL VEGAN FESTIVAL

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The next International Vegan Festival will take place 17-24 July 1993 in Spain. It will be held in the north-east coastal town off Tossa de Mar (where bull ffights are banned).

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There will be varied activities including excursions. Lectures will be in Spanish or English with simultaneous professional translation through headphones.

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The Vegan. Summer 1993

Rick Savage, Louise Wallis (Chair) Joint Hon. Treasurer Terry Bevis Local Contacts Co-ordinator Martyn Allen Editor: Richard Farhall Prison Liaison Officer Design and production by Sandra Hood Taylor McKenzie STAFF Printed by Litho Techniques General Secretary (Kenley Ltd) on Sugarcane and Richard Farhall Sugarcane Matt Display & semi-display advertise- Office Manager Amanda Rofe ment sales: Eco Marketing, 0225 Administrative Assistant 481463 The Vegan is published quarterly Sandra Hood

by The Vegan Society Veganism may be defined as a way of living which seeks to exclude, as Publication Date: far as possible and practical, all March, June, September, forms of exploitation of, and cruelDecember ty to, animals for food, clothing or Copy Date: any other purpose.

25th January, 25th April, In dietary terms it refers to the 25th July, 25th October practice of dispensing with all aniISSN 0307-4811 mal produce — including meat, © The Vegan Society poultry, eggs, animal milks, The views expressed in The Vegan fish, and their derivatives. do not necessarily reflect those of honey, of the cruel practices the Editor or of the Vegan Society Abhorrence inherent in dairy, livestock and poulCouncil. Nothing printed should farming is probably the single be construed to be Vegan Society try most common reason for the adoppolicy unless so stated. The of veganism, but many people Society accepts no liability for any tion drawn to it for health, ecological, matter in the magazine. The accep- are and other reasons. tance of advertisements (including Ifspiritual you would like more inforinserts) does not imply endorsemation on veganism a free ment. The inclusion of product Information Pack is available from information should not be conthe Society's office in exchange for strued as constituting official an SAE. Vegan Society approval for the The Vegan Society was formed in product, its intended use, or its England in November 1944 by a manufacturer/distributor. group of vegetarians who had recContributions intended for publication are welcomed, but unsolicit- ognized and come to reject the ethical compromises implicit in ed materials will not be returned lacto-(i.e. dairy-dependent)vegeunless accompanied by an SAE. tarianism and consequently decided to renounce the use of all animal products.

If you are already a vegan or vegan sympathizer please support the Society and help increase its influence by joining. Increased membership means more resources to educate and inform. Full membership is restricted to practising vegSOCIETY ans, as defined above, but sympathizers are welcome as assoThe Vegan Society ciates of the Society. Both members 7 Battle Road, St Leonards-onand associates receive The Vegan.

Sea, East Sussex TN37 7AA Tel. and Fax. 0424 427393 Registered Charity No. 279228 Company Registration No. 1468880 VAT Registration No. 448 5973 95 President: Louise Wallis Deputy President: Rick Savage Hon Patrons: The Vegan Society Trade Mark Serena Coles, Freya Dinshah is the property of the Vegan Arthur Ling, Tony Martin, Cor Society. The Society is prepared to Nouws, Donald Watson, Robin authorize the use of its trade mark Webb on products which accord with its Council: 'no animal ingredients, no animal Martyn Allen, Terry Bevis, Harry testing' criteria. Applications for Bonnie, Olive Jones, Robin Lane, use should be addressed to the General Secretary. Unauthorized Tony Martin, Martin Mastermanuse is strictly forbidden.

Lister, Bill Poad, Tim Powell, 3 The Vegan. Summer 1993

Contents

News

A Strategy for Animal Rights

The Manual of 6 Animal Rights — Part One

17

Womenspeak

8 Growsense

21

JDHoo

9 Loafing About

22

The importance of gradualism Of cafes and confinement

A star is born

Some of the answers

Summery tips and advice For what we are about to spread . . .

Reviews

24

Contacts News

26

Postbag

27

Tale of the FourLegged Chicken 10

Truly disturbing

Global Communication

A common language

12

A Vegan in the Family

Views from the 13 readership

Shoparound

Publications & 14 Merchandise

What i f . . . ?

More vegan goodies

Vegan Video Fund 16 Progress to date

28

Noticeboard

30

Classified

32

Chief illustrator: Suzanne Whitelock Cover by Sharon Holdstock

News

who have rejected meat eating, an increase of '/ million since 1990."

Haldane Press Release 25.3.93 & personal correspondence 3

Breeding Vegans

The '1993 Realeat Survey into Meat-Eating and Vegetarianism', conducted by Gallup between 20 January and 3 February, puts the number of vegans over 16 years of age in Britain at 87-139,000 out of a total population of approximately 56 million.

Women vegans outnumber their male counterparts by 3 to 1. The majority of vegans are aged 16-34 years.

The survey also reported that: "A record 4.3% of the adult population are now vegetarians, an increase of 16% over the 1990 Realeat survey. This represents a total of nearly 2 '/ million adults 2

The (Not So) Grand National

On 3 April 1993, just moments before the start of the 1993 Grand National, 15 animal rights demonstrators invaded the Aintree (Liverpool) course in order to remind the public of the cruelty involved in the race.

Chaos ensued. Two false starts followed with bewildered jockeys ignoring officials trying to halt the second start, believing them to be animal rights protesters! Millions of viewers worldwide saw the race degenerate into shambles and be

declared null and void. The racing industry was acutely embarrassed and bookmakers lost an estimated £70-110m. The poor old Treasury was deprived of an estimated £7m in betting duty.

The newly-formed Action to Abolish the Grand National comments: "National Hunt racing is a cruel 'sport'. Since 1987, over one thousand horses have been killed whilst racing in Great Britain. Horses continue to die from heart attacks, falls, and from horrific injuries sustained in falls."

Action to Abolish the Grand National News Release 12.4.93 G o o d b y e . . . and Hello

Since the last issue Robin Webb has resigned from Council and Kathy McCormack has left the Society's employ. Council

thanks both for their contributions to the cause and wishes them well in their future endeavours.

The Society extends a warm welcome to its new Administrative Assistant, Sandra Hood (formerly Battram) who has, over many years, undertaken a number of important functions for the Society in a voluntary capacity. The vacancy attracted 50 applications.

A Lottery

Yes, (for members and associates) it's raffle time again!

Thanks to all those who sold and purchased Winter Draw tickets.

You helped the Society raise an impressive £2,226.

Once again, apologies are in order for those receiving unwanted tickets. Please dispose of them

The Great Egg Race: Fact or Fiction? uring May readers may have noticed references in the media to the Society calling for egg and spoon races to be banned (inaccurate) or the Society suggesting that the any real eggs used in such races be replaced with clay alternatives (accurate).

The story begins on 6 May when a freelance journalist rang the Vegan Society office to say that he had heard from some animal rights acquaintances that a vegan child from Kent had been told to take a hard boiled egg to school in order to allow him/her to take part in an egg and spoon race. Unfortunately, the journalist had been unable to locate the child's family. I was unable to shed light on the identity of the family but expressed concern about vegan children being discriminated against and the cruelty involved in the production of hen's eggs — both battery and free-range — and thought no more of it.

The next day Southern Sound (a local radio station covering Brighton, Hastings and Eastbourne) rang for an interview. This was broadcast on 8 & 10 May. Then everything seemed to eggscalate. Another freelancer rang, quickly followed by The Times — that quintessential^ English newspa-

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4

per with a nose for the eggcentric. On the 11th the Press Association, UK Press Agency, Daily Mirror and Chatham News rang for interviews. I was interviewed live on GLR, BBC CWR, BBC Radio Wales, BBC Radio Newcastle and Capitol Radio. The Society's President and Chair of Council, Louise Wallis was interviewed that evening on Sky World News and her interview with Radio Canada was broadcast not only in that country but across the US! During the next few days I gave interviews to BBC Radio Scotland, Radio Hereford & Worcester and BBC Radio Northampton. Local Contact Immy Ali undertook an eggshilarating half hour phone-in on Radio WM. The story ran and ran, being featured in the quality press — e.g. the Daily Star and Daily Sport, and non-tabloids with (seemingly) tabloid aspirations — such as The Times, and a host of local rags throughout the UK. Radio Two broadcast an item and at one point ITN was very interested in filming a piece for News at Ten, complete with archive footage of the Prince of Wales participating in an egg and spoon race at boarding school. Fortunately, perhaps, this did not materialize. Finally (as far as we know), the tale pro-

vided eggscellent material (allegedly) for the BBC2 satirical show Have I Got News For You (broadcast 14 & 15 May).

Though the media treated the whole thing as a novelty item, it did provide the Society with a platform from which to make some important points — particularly during the live radio and TV interviews — and it didn't cost it a penny. If the Society had simply sent out a standard formal press release experience has shown that it would have been completely ignored — we're still some way off 'respectability'.

It wasn't that long ago that vegetarians were the butt of comedians' jibes but now they're an accepted part of society and, for the most part, taken seriously. But now it's the vegans' turn. They're increasingly in evidence and 'threatening' to overturn well-established values and behaviour patterns, and that's worrying. The populace still doesn't fully comprehend even the basic tenets of veganism but senses that it's a-coming and knows it means change — and the prospect of change means anxiety, fear, or exceptionally, veganphobia. So, to run or to fight? Well, hiding's out of the question; we're popping up everywhere: the armed forces.

police, legal profession, Civil Service, music business, banking & finance, Olympics, media — there's no escape! So, instead of an aggressive response (which can result in injury to the attacker as well as the victim), what better way is there to deflect the purveyor of change than ridicule? This is, of course, only delaying the inevitable, but when will vegans know they have penetrated the fear and respect barriers? Simple. We'll turn on the TV just in time to catch a dig at — fruitarians!

(Sorry fruitarian readers — looks as though it's in your best interests to encourage the formation of an Oxygenarian Society!)

But, I hear you ask, what happened to the vegan child who prompted this Editorial? Who knows? Not me! His/Her eggsistence and upsetting experience have never been substantiated! It gets better (or worse if you're despairing of the state of the media at this point); many of the newspapers and radio stations running the egg story surveyed their local primary schools in order to determine just how many were using real eggs in races. To date, the reported total is — zero!

Richard Farhall The Vegan. Summer 1993

as you see fit. To everyone else we say: If we didn't need the money you wouldn't be sent the tickets! Please do your best to sell some.

Put the Freshness Back

Freshfields Animal Rescue Centre is a small (just two acres) animal sanctuary near Liverpool.

It was started 17 years ago by Lesley Tarleton and today at least 250 animals and birds take refuge there. All the workers are voluntary and vegan.

Freshfields has faced many problems over the years — including a neighbour shooting and drowning several cats, and an elderly rabbit being stolen and thrown to dogs. It is always open for 'emergencies' and has a nondestruction policy. However, its financial situation is now desperate and the centre will have to lessen its intake of animals unless it receives more funds.

Also, homes are needed for cats diagnosed as having feline leukaemia. They have a few years ahead of them but need to be isolated from other cats. If you can help with a home or donation contact: Freshfields Animal Rescue Centre, East Lodge Farm, East Lane, Ince Blundell, Liverpool L29 3EA. 051 931 1604.

Second Hunt Sab Dies

A second hunt saboteur has been killed whilst trying to protect wildlife. Tom Worby, 15, died after being run over by a hunt vehicle at a meet of the Cambridgeshire Hunt on 3 April.

The following is an extract from an eye-witness report: The hunt then appeared to be heading back to the meet, so sabs walked across the field on to a track leading to the main road.

Further back down the track, the hunt had boxed up their hounds.

As saboteurs made their way up the track, the hunt hound van, a 7.5 tonne truck, drove up behind them and started to 'nudge' them as they walked.

The driver then started to rev the engine to get the sabs to move. The vehicle rapidly picked up speed, and the group of saboteurs scrambled to get out of its path.

In attempting to avoid being run down, Tom Worby ran to the 5 The Vegan. Summer 1993

side and became trapped between the 18 inch high grass bank and the left hand side of the truck. As the vehicle sped past, its wing mirror caught him and he was dragged some distance before managing to get a foothold on the running board to steady himself. He was, by this time, obviously in great pain and frantically hammering on the side window of the van and shouting in an attempt to get the driver to slow down and stop.

The other saboteurs present had seen what was happening and were shouting at Tom to jump clear, while also screaming at the van driver and frantically waving for him to stop. The next thing they saw was Tom's grip appearing to go limp as he slipped, rebounded from the bank and rolled under the vehicle. His head was directly in the path of the van's rear wheels which dealt him such severe injury that he must have died almost instantaneously.

Sabs were still shouting at the driver of the van to stop — and trying to make him realise what had happened, all to no avail as the vehicle sped o f f .

The following Saturday a memorial service/rally to remember all victims of hunt violence was held in Cambridge.

Welfare Campaign

The Soil Association — a registered charity which exists to "research, develop and promote sustainable relationships between the soil, plants, animals, people and the biosphere" — has launched an Animal Welfare Campaign to "bring to the public's attention the comprehensive welfare benefits delivered by organic livestock farming". The campaign has been endorsed by the RSPCA, Compassion in World Farming, EarthKind, the Farm Animal Care Trust and the Farm Animal Welfare Network.

Soil Association Press Release May 1993.

Reducing Diet

Vegetarian Jan Garner from Swanley, Cheshire followed the Slimming Club's vegan diet sheet, lost 2 stones in four months, and then found herself modelling in Slimming magazine.

Crewe Chronicle 6.4.93

Prediction

Mintel's 1993 forecasts, based on British consumer patterns of income and expenditure, include a prediction of growth in the fruit and vegetable markets.

Meat and fish is identified as being a market in long-term decline.

The Guardian 23.2.93 An Apple a Day . . .

Fruit can substantially reduce the risk of stomach cancer, according to Dr David Forman of the Imperial Cancer Research Fund's epidemiology unit at Oxford. "People with moderate levels of intake, say one [!] piece of fruit a day, have a 30-50% lower risk of stomach cancer. If the entire population of the UK had a similar level of intake, then we could prevent up to a third of the 9,800 annual deaths from stomach cancer."

The Guardian 16.2.93

In Brief

• Three male and three female Holstein Friesian calves of correctly predetermined sex have been produced by Mastercalf Ltd, Cambridge, and the prospect of sexed calving to order creeps closer.

Farmers Weekly 15.1.93 • According to the Meat & Livestock Commission, deliveries of live lamb exports to other EC countries could hit 2.5 million head this year. The British Association of Sheep Exporters claims it could top 3 million.

Meat Trades Journal 27.5.93 • More than 63,000 cases of food poisoning were officially notified in 1992, a 50% rise on 1988 (40,222). Latest tests conducted by the Public Health Laboratory Service show that more than half of broiler chickens bought from supermarket and butchers are still contaminated with salmonella.

Guardian 9.1.93

A STRATEGY FOR

ANIMAL RIGHTS Dr Robert Garner, lecturer in politics at the University of Buckingham and author of the recently published 'Animals, Politics and Morality', outlines the necessity for a realistic approach to ending animal suffering

hose of us who are vegans are acquainted, to a greater or lesser extent, with the moral — animal rights based — case for our lifestyle. Of course, we would dearly love this ethic to be acceptable to all. In reality, though, we have to accept that, at least for the foreseeable future, this is not going to happen and the vast majority will continue to eat meat and utilize slaughterhouse by-products.

Part of the reason for this state of affairs is that most people would not, if asked, accept the basic animal rights tenet that animals are the moral equals of humans. What they do accept, however, is the principle of animal welfare which — briefly stated — holds that whilst humans may exploit animals, their moral status is such that we are not entitled to inflict unnecessary suffering on them.

Thus the successes of the animal protection movement in recent years — reforms to factory farming, the decimation of the British fur trade, the growth of 'cruelty-free' cosmetics and the widespread public opposition to hunting — have come about because it has been recognized that the intense suffer-

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6

ing inflicted on animals is simply not warranted by the benefits which result from these practices.

But where does this leave advocates of animal rights who want to see far more fundamental changes in the way society treats animals? The answer, I think, is that — whilst not losing sight of the ultimate goal and the moral principles upon which it is based — the animal rights movement must focus its attention on what is strategically possible and, at present, this must involve exploiting the very considerable mileage that still exists within the framework of animal welfare.

Gradualism

It is self-evident that animal rights objectives will be achieved — if they are to be achieved — in a piecemeal fashion. Factory farming — let alone all forms of animal agriculture — will not disappear overnight and may never be eradicated completely, nor will the use of animals in vivisection labora-

tories. It is pointless pretending otherwise and, even more pertinently, acting as though any reforms short of abolition are not worth having.

Animal rights groups do, of course, recognize this. Compassion in World Farming, for instance, seeks the long-term end of the meat and dairy industries but concerns itself exclusively with campaigning for immediate reforms. Likewise, the anti-vivisection movement has recognized that it is most effective when it challenges empirical claims made about the utility of animal experimentation rather than the morality of vivisection.

This fundamentalist abolitionist position is breathtakingly misguided

Too often, though, reforms are scoffed at because of their limited nature. The classic example of this was in the 1980s when the major anti-vivisection societies (with the exception of the Scottish Society for the The Vegan. Summer 1993

Prevention of Vivisection — now called Advocates for Animals) refused to participate in the drawing up of the bill which later became the 1986 Animals (Scientific Procedures) Act. This was a decision which excluded the animal rights movement from any influence on the key piece of legislation regulating the use of animals in laboratories.

The Abolitionist Case

Even more worrying is the call by some (including the American animal rights philosopher Tom Regan) for the animal rights movement to distance itself from animal welfarism. This view is partly based on the argument that the compromises inherent in animal welfarism are morally wrong because to accept them is to give implicit acceptance to practices which are themselves immoral. More importantly, it is also claimed that the acceptance of welfare-based reforms is counter-productive strategically because to remove the worse excesses of factory farming or vivisection is to make these practices more acceptable, thereby diminishing the prospect of their eventual abolition. This is not quite an all or nothing position since its advocates are willing to accept that gradualism is acceptable as long as each step is, by itself, abolitionist (i.e. — the abolition of cosmetics testing or the LD50 test). Crucially, though, this position does not regard reforms to animal agriculture as acceptable because, whatever the methods used, killing animals for food continues.

In my view, this fundamentalist abolitionist position is breathtakingly misguided. In the first place, the moral objection to animal welfarism is dubious to say the least. Should we really go along with a morality which states that the chance to alleviate some animal suffering now should be rejected in favour of a long-term abolitionist strategy which may or may not bear fruit sometime in the future? Surely not. Yes, animals will still continue to be killed for food but does not the quality of their lives matter?

Secondly, there is little evidence that animal welfare reforms do hinder animal rights objectives. If only it was the case that reforms had significantly improved the lot of animals in general! Millions of animals are still tortured in British laboratories, factory farming is becoming, if anything, more pronounced and now we hear, with the tragedy of Lynx's demise, that fur may be making a comeback. This may be indicative of weaknesses in animal protection strate7 The Vegan. Summer 1993

gies but the last thing they tell us is that the next step along the road is the achievement of abolitionist animal rights objectives.

Indeed, it is quite bizarre to claim that the best hope for animals is to just stand by and let their suffering continue on the grounds that this will produce a climate of such hostility that, say, the widespread adoption of veganism will bring an end to the meat industry. Why should it? After all, vegetarians, and vegans are still a tiny minority despite the existence and intensification of factory farming.

Thirty years ago, only a small minority strongly opposed the wearing of fur or the use of animals for cosmetics testing

So the kindest thing that can be said about the "new fundamentalism" is that we have not reached the point at which it can be said that the pursuit of animal welfarism is holding back the achievement of abolitionist objectives and there is no reason to think that a gradualist reforming strategy cannot work. Indeed, other great reforming movements — such as the campaign to extend the franchise — did achieve their goals through a series of piecemeal changes. In the meantime, we can feel satisfaction when the slightest improvement in the lives of animals occurs.

'Unnecessary' Suffering

The most effective strategy for the animal protection movement, then, is an on-going attempt to re-define the public's perception of what constitutes unnecessary suffering.

This has the advantage of working within a moral framework — that humans can exploit animals but any suffering inflicted must be warranted by the benefits produced — which the vast majority can accept. The term unnecessary suffering, of course, is vague and can justify almost anything.

Nevertheless, it is this very imprecision which offers great hope for animal advocates. Thirty years ago, only a small minority strongly opposed the wearing of fur or the use of animals for cosmetics testing.

Solid majorities now oppose these activities, and they are opposed not primarily because it is widely accepted that animals have moral status akin to humans, but because the perception of what constitutes unnecessary suffering has shifted.

There is much further scope for cam-

paigning along these lines. What is necessary about using animals in circuses or keeping wild animals locked up in zoos? Is animal experimentation of much use given the differences between species and if there are doubts then how necessary is it? What is necessary about using animals to develop and test so-called "me-too" drugs which are produced merely to enable different pharmaceutical companies to market similar products? Furthermore, wouldn't it make more sense to divert money given for animal-based cancer and heart disease research into health education programmes which offer a much more meaningful way in which these largely preventable diseases can be eradicated? And could it be that the reason why governments will not follow this sensible course of action is that the drug companies have vetoed it because their economic interests are threatened?

It should be pointed out that abolitionism is not ruled out by this approach. If a practice, such as hunting, is defined as unnecessary, then it should be prohibited. Likewise a case for vegetarianism can be made on these grounds. Eating meat is not necessary for health reasons (indeed, if anything, the opposite is the case) and a justification based upon a liking for the taste of meat is trivial and thereby illegitimate. At the very least, the most extreme forms of factory farming are not justified for the sake of cheaper meat or eggs.

The questions raised above go to the heart of the institutional exploitation of animals in our society and they provide a radical agenda for many years to come. The animal rights movement does, of course, already pursue many of these lines of inquiry. Too often though there is an over-reliance on aniA vision is no substitute for an effective strategy

mal rights philosophy so that the empirical case for reform is neglected in favour of blanket statements that, whatever benefits humans gain from using animals, it is illegitimate because morally wrong. The so-called "new fundamentalism" is a restatement of such a position. There is nothing wrong with promoting animal rights ideas; indeed, every social movement must have a vision. But a vision is no substitute for an effective strategy. We must live in the real world and accept that, unless we can effectively challenge the necessity of animal exploitation, there is little chance at present of stopping any animal suffering.

WOMENSPEAK Vegan Society President and Chair of Council, Louise Wallis continues her column on matters of particular interest to vegan women have been delighted by the positive response to my original article and would like to thank those who have already written in. Unfortunately, due to limited space, contributions are edited so I would suggest that authors of lengthier articles consider submitting them for publication elsewhere in The Vegan. As some of the correspondence has been of a personal nature, please make it clear whether or not you want your letter (and name) published. 'Womenspeak' is your forum so I have quoted your own words wherever possible, and as editor I do not necessarily agree with views expressed on this page. Finally, I hope the following material is thought-provoking and look forward to feedback.

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The Proof of the Pudding . . .

Cafe Pushkar

16c Market Row, Brixton SW9 This lively London cafe (named after a vegetarian town in India) was opened in June 1992 by vegetarian proprietor, Helen Yeomans. Originally intended to provide vegetarian meals with a slant on vegan dishes, the cafe now boasts a daily menu which is 75% vegan. Gentle persuasion came in the form of chef Kate Mayglothling, a committed vegan who helped establish the business.

With her enthusiasm and imaginative recipe ideas, she convinced Helen that vegan food is both extremely tasty and financially viable.

Both agree that the harmonious, egalitarian working environment is enhanced by having an all-women staff. Job sharing is encouraged and maternity leave easily arranged. Ecological considerations are a priority; only 'green' cleaning products are used and as many materials as possible recycled.

Meals are freshly prepared each morning from wholefood ingredients bought in bulk from a workers' co-operative. The atmosphere is friendly and relaxed; artwork is exhibited on the walls and live musicians play every Saturday. Families and women with young babies are welcomed.

As oasis for vegans, all the cakes are completely animal-free, soya dessert and soya milk are always available, and vegan 'cappuccino's' are a house speciality. A 10% discount is offered to VS members.

The Bay Tree

403 Great Western Road, Glasgow G4 This cafe, a vegan women's co-operative, was set up in July 1990. One of the founder co-op members, Kim Atherton, writes:

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Marianne Macdonald, currently a Holloway remand prisoner, has written her first impressions of being a vegan in a women's prison: I found prison much better than expected — more like a strict boarding school. There was no problem with getting vegan food and the diet is really quite healthy, with fruit every day. Suitable toiletries have been more of a problem, although with patience I have eventually been able to get all I need — although remained smelly for quite a time. Holloway has it's own swimming pool and two gyms so it is easy to get fit if you want to.

Although still at the very early stages of my time in prison, now that I am used to the timetable, I'm finding things much easier.

Veganism, Periods and 'The Pill'

Two readers have expressed concern at doctors' over-eagerness in prescribing 'the pill' for "medical reasons" — i.e. to 'regulate' the menstrual cycles of women who are paralyzed each month with long, painful or irregular periods. One such afflicted vegan has recently discovered, to her horror, that her brand contains lactose and magnesium stearate. In addition she is uncomfortably aware of animal testing and would like to stop using it altogether if she could find an alternative. Wondering how many other vegan women have to suffer this terrible dilemma of conscience, she would be interested to hear from others' experiences via 'Womenspeak'.

On a more positive note, however, Christine Watt writes: "My menstruation cramps were horrendous all my life as a vegetarian; however, since becoming vegan, they are much diminished. I'd be interested in knowing of any research (not synonymous with animal experimentation in this instance) about this. If there isn't any, maybe we can undertake it ourselves through 'Womenspeak' — a sound, scientific, epidemiological, and clinical study, with nary an animal in sight."

Please write with your views on the above suggestions

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For an animal rights prisoner/vegan, the isolation from like-minded people is a major obstacle, so at the start contact with the outside through letters and visits is doubly important. Whenever I have become depressed, I remember what animals have to suffer, and although I may still feel sorry for myself, things are put into proportion.

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9 The Vegan. Summer 1993

New Experiences

i f

Uj£

fw.ItV.-

We chose an animal-free lifestyle for various reasons, among them concern about the way the world's resources are (mis)used, concern about the rights and treatment of animals, ecological, health and spiritual reasons. We all have a common revulsion for the 'greed is good' ethic.

Our aims are to provide good food in a happy atmosphere, liaise with other co-ops and allow ourselves a better quality of life as women and vegans. Unlike most cafes we make almost all of our food ourselves with very little reliance on convenience foods. We have learned a lot and still have much to learn, making major decisions and reviewing progress (as well as eating lots of chocolate cake!).

The cafe has been successful despite predictions to the contrary from bank managers and accountants. You can expect a warm welcome at The Bay Tree. We offer a 10% discount to VS members.

/

/

THE TALE OF THE

FOUR-LEGGED

Graham Littlewood looks back on a disturbing yet poignant childhood experience

from usual. Our mother assured us it was chicken we were eating, and yes, it did look like chicken, but it was chewy and tough and tasted fatty. She and our father had a leg each, while we were given thinly sliced breast meat. (Better that way, they thought, because it in no way resembled an animal.)

have a certain memory from my early childhood and it goes something like this: Our father had taken my brother and me to the pet shop to buy a rabbit. He wanted us to choose one of the newly born rabbits which were small and grey and could easily fit into the palm of your hand because, he said, they would grow up to be tamer and more friendly. They were running around their cages, kicking sawdust at the mesh of their prison, seemingly eager to be chosen.

However, my brother and I had taken pity on an older, fully grown rabbit, who sat at the back of his cage looking despondent and out of place. We realized no-one would buy him while there were these tiny young things playing to their audience and we felt it was our duty to 'rescue' him. Our father tried to persuade us to reconsider, but we remained adamant. We had chosen this rabbit and he would be called Patch (No prizes for guessing why).

Patch never did settle down very well. He was always somewhat timid and withdrawn, something of a hermit, preferring to huddle in a corner of his hutch philosophizing than taking part in any form of social activity.

Nevertheless, he became a much loved (albeit reclusive) member of our family and we never once regretted our choice.

That's the first part of the memory. Here comes the second . . .

Later, when we took the plates into the kitchen, we saw the half-picked carcass; the arched grey bones of the rib cage and the two remaining legs jutting upwards . .. and something about that was wrong. Mum had eaten one leg, Dad had eaten one leg — yet there were still two legs here. Either genetic experiments had come a disgustingly long way, or this had never been a chicken at all!

Actually, it turned out to be the latter. It had never been a chicken. Our mother found it most amusing when she told us we had just eaten rabbit. Not our rabbit. Not Patch.

But one just like him with long ears and a twitching nose. Needless to say, we hit the roof.

"Well," she said in her defence, "I knew you'd never eat it if I'd told you what it really was."

A Ruse Exposed

Outrage

It was some months later and it was a Sunday. We were sitting around the dining table eating our meal. (My brother and I ate meat then, I'm afraid, because we had been conditioned to do so and didn't know any better.) But this meal was somehow different

This tactical deceit outraged us. She had fed us a rabbit while Patch sat out on the patio in his hutch, sniffing and staring, none the wiser. The connection was made for the first time. We saw these half-stripped remains for what they really were; the body of a dead

I

10

Either genetic experiments had come a disgustingly long way, or this had never been a chicken at all!

animal. An animal no different to our own.

Such blatant double standards still astound me; that one animal is thought of as a pet to be cuddled and loved and accepted willingly into the midst of the family unit, while the other is slaughtered, has no rights, no value other than the weight of its flesh, and is shown no respect or compassion.

And what is perhaps even more astounding, when you actually stop to think about it, is that the bulk of the animals that Man has chosen to force-breed and fatten for use as food are in fact herbivores — they live on a diet of vegetable matter, mainly grass. They harm no-one, they cause no damage, and Man was able to domesticate and exploit them simply because of their gentle nature, because they offered no resistance and presented no threat. This must surely be one of the most bitter ironies of the whole sordid meat business.

After the rabbit episode, I was always so shamefully aware of what meat really was, and I grew to loathe the taste, texture and smell of it. I phoned up an abattoir, said I was doing a school project and asked if the animals suffered at all when they were killed. The man I spoke to was incredibly patronizing and replied in a soft, slow, reassuring voice as though he was recounting a fairy tale, as well he might have been, because he wanted me to believe that the animals were well-treated and felt absolutely no pain whatsoever. All well and good, except that I knew he was lying.

I gave up meat after that, eventually 'going all the way' to become vegan and I never ever miss meat and its associated products.

And that is where this memory draws to an end. It must be in excess of fifteen years ago now, and Patch is long since gone.

But not forgotten.

The Vegan. Summer 1993

ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING The Society's 1993 AGM will be held on Saturday 13 November 1993 at Conway Hall, Red Lion Square, London. Further details will be published in the 1992-93 Annual Report & Accounts, distributed in September PROPOSALS FOR RESOLUTION Proposals for resolution, to be considered by Council for inclusion on the 1993 AGM agenda, must be received at the Society's office (7 Battle Road, St Leonards-on-Sea, East Sussex TN37 7AA) not later than Friday 30 July. For your guidance, ordinary proposals should: • be proposed and seconded by paid-up full (i.e. not associate) members; • in the interests of economy 11 The Vegan. Summer 1993

and clarity, not exceed 100 words; • propose some form of action; • propose one single action — i.e. they must not be composite proposals; • not simply comprise a statement of opinion.

Members considering submitting special proposals (those seeking to change the Memorandum or Articles of Association) are advised to contact the Company Secretary (Richard Farhall) for guidance.

Proposers are requested to limit their proposals to two.

NOMINATIONS FOR COUNCIL Nominations for members of 12 months or greater duration at the time of appointment — i.e. 13.11.93 — to serve on the Council must be made in writing, signed and received at the office (7 Battle Road, St Leonards-on-Sea, East Sussex TN37 7AA) not later than Friday 30 July. In accordance with Article 32(a)(i) each nomination must be: • duly signed by a proposer and seconder who are mem-

bers (not associates); • accompanied by a profile of the candidate stating, in 100-200 words, his/her full name (and previous names), skills, experience, views, and intentions, if elected.

Should there be more candidates than vacancies, profiles and ballot papers will be issued with the 1992-93 Annual Report & Accounts, distributed in September. The results will be declared at the AGM.

COMMUNICATION Brian Burnett suggests that our vegan message will be spread more effectively if we take the trouble to learn a common language — Esperanto he Winter 1992 Vegan carried a twopage report about the Sixth International Vegan Festival. There were around 170 participants from 16 countries. We now look forward to the Seventh Festival to be held this July in Spain, where lectures will be given in Spanish and English, and professional translators will be on hand for those unfortunates who understand neither language. The Winter 1992-93 issue of Vegan Views also carried a comprehensive report on the last Festival, and included brief details of some of the vegan and vegetarian societies in other countries — societies which are appealing for vegan

T

12

literature from British sources. But I wonder who is going to be able to read this literature? It's fine for the Australians, New Zealanders and Americans, but what about the Poles, Bulgarians, Russians and Latvians?

Nationalist Interests

The fact is that even simple English literature is useless for over three-quarters of the world's population — and there are more Europeans who can understand German, Russian or French than English. English is

used (almost always with great difficulty) by many well-travelled, educated people, but not by many others.

Veganism in Britain is well-established and has an encouraging growth rate. In all other European countries, it is struggling against overwhelming odds, and adherents need our support. We can only give full support if we have a truly international approach — and that needs a truly international language. English can never be accepted as such for two reasons. Firstly, it is a national language which is inevitably resisted by nationalist interests within other countries — and why choose English as the The Vegan. Summer 1993

international language when many more people use German in Western Europe, Russian in Eastern Europe, and Spanish outside of Europe? Secondly, English, as with any other national language, is extremely difficult to learn.

Veganism is surely based on equal rights for humans as well as animals. It is fighting against social injustices within Britain and within the world. How many of our members support the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament, Amnesty International, Oxfam or Vegfam? Surely equality in communication is one of the basic rights? No national language can give this equality.

Only one viable alternative exists — Esperanto.

Esperanto

Esperanto is already used by thousands of vegetarians around the world. The President of the Tutmonda Esperantista Vegetarana Asocio lives near Dublin; the Treasurer lives in Devon; the Vice-President lives in the Midlands. There are branches of TEVA throughout the world. Esperanto was used at the Sixth International Vegan Festival — with a British Esperantist helping nonEnglish speakers. Every International

Esperanto Congress has vegetarian seminars.

In Britain we have paltry support for the Esperanto movement but, in the rest of Europe it is very different. For example, the Polish Esperanto movement has over ten times the members of the Esperanto Asocio de Britio. Peking Radio broadcasts in Esperanto daily, and there are many other radio stations using it on their foreign networks — e.g. Vatican, Havana, Amsterdam, Warsaw and Vienna. It is taught in over 100 universities and hundreds of schools — especially in Eastern Europe and the Far East.

Instead of spending five or six years at school learning French to a level which leaves us competent only to ask for a loaf of bread . . .

The British have strongly resisted the use of Esperanto — a resistance based on purely selfish motives. There is no rationality about it. We will not learn French. The French will not learn English. The Germans will not learn Russian. The Russians will not learn German. Why? We all want our own language to be used by everyone else. It is a natural desire — but totally selfish.

It is believed that it takes at least six times

as long to learn any other language compared to Esperanto. Instead of spending five or six years at school learning French to a level which leaves us competent only to ask for a loaf of bread (without understanding any reply which may be given), we could spend one or two years learning Esperanto and be able to use it in any country in the world.

Many of those involved in the vegetarian/vegan, peace and green movements already use Esperanto. It is the language of peace, of co-operation, of international equality. It will be used by many at the Seventh International Vegan Festival in Spain. It will also be used by 5,000 people from 100 different countries who attend the Universala Kongresso in Valencia during the two weeks following the Vegan Festival! Start learning now, go to both events and make more friends than you ever dreamed possible!

A free correspondence course is available from: Esperanto Asocio de Britio, 140 Park 727 or e, All you pay for is the postage. There are 12 lessons, and you can do it as quickly or slowly as you like. After half a dozen lessons, you will be able to begin to correspond with vegans in other lands! ©

NOW THEM, ALL THESE SKINNY ONES ARE MO GOOD FOR. US T o E A T - SO WE'LL GRIND THEM u p

13 The Vegan. Summer 1993

A GENERATION OF SELECTIVE BREEDING- AND THEY'LL ALLBE PERFECT SPECIMENS FOR EATIN&, LIKE THIS PAIR.'

no, d o n ' t F E E D ^ them twatj r T s

TOO EXPENSWE! SOME GROUND UP HUMAN B>\TS WILL DO!!

MHCWlicUEK

MEGrAN, MtEMTiON! I WAS TALKING- ABOUT THE DEVELOPMENT OF WODER.N FAJJ-MlNGMETHOES!

Shoparound V£C,AN

Fruit...

Tropical Fruit Dessert and Citrus Fruit & Nut Dessert are two delicious sounding products from GranoVita. They are soya-based and come in sachet form. Add soya milk, simmer for a couple of minutes, then pour into a dish or mould and allow one hour to set.

They sound just the thing for those lovely long hot summer days we know we're in store for! . . . and Nuts

It's a shame that nut roasts and nut cutlets have such a bad image in the vegetarian/vegan diet, because good ones are actually quite delicious. I've not yet tried Safeway Nut Cutlets, but they may well be worth sampling, and make an interesting change from burgers on the barbecue.

Annie Brosnan tracks down new vegan products Time For a Snack

Summer is a time for loading up with delicious salads and sandwiches, marching out into the country or town park and sitting underneath a leafy tree enjoying the vegan delights in your picnic hamper. Most supermarkets sell pre-prepared mixes of compatible veggies, or you can always make your own concoction of course.

Don't be afraid to try new and unusual ideas in sandwiches — one of my absolute favourites is peanut butter and banana.

And think of those long warm evenings, sat outside with an imaginative vegan barbecue on the go . . . 1 can smell those veggie burgers now! With an assortment of dips and relishes, with a rice salad and some vegan wine — what better way to while away a summer night?

Here are some new products that may help the ideas get started for all those summery events.

14

Indian Starters

From Safeway stores comes new Poppodums and Pappads. Each is available in Plain and Assorted (Mint & Garlic, Black Pepper, Chilli) varieties. Poppodums are for frying in hot oil (for a few seconds!), and Pappads are simply grilled.

The Dips are Spreading!

There's nothing quite like delicious dips to complement your poppodums or your salads . . . so if you're looking for the Green Dragon Nnaise range of vegan mayonnaises, they are now labelled Plamil Egg Free Mayonnaise (still in the three flavours — Plain, with Garlic, and with Tarragon). Plamil has acquired the right to manufacture these products, so don't be caught out — these wonderful dips are still available!

Another spread now, this time a completely new one — Whole Earth's SuperSpread. This is an alternative to margarine, healthier because it is low in saturated fats, and very easy to spread straight from the fridge. The texture is a little unusual for margarine, but it tastes good and is very economical. Beware of the small print which warns that it is not suitable for cooking.

Along with the crisps and the peanuts, why not try the Spicy Pizza flavour in the PJ's Snack Pasta range from Brewhurst for a nibbly snack sideline to veggie kebabs or a picnic? Unfortunately this is the only one of the four flavours that is vegan; the others are not, but I am told that the vegan variety is the best selling one, so what does that tell you?

See the World

Get Fresh!

Is the message with the new Gusto Lemonade. "Whereas Gusto Original is the Rolls Royce of the soft drinks", runs the advertising blurb, "Gusto Lemonade is that nippy runabout for zooming round town."

Sounds good. It's also cheaper than the Original variety, and still contains that magic ingredient guarana. The perfect nonalcoholic alternative to that bottle of wine under the tree!

Green is Go!

Green is the colour of chlorophyll, and Chlorella is a very rich source of chlorophyll, which, apparently, is very good for you.

It is said to increase energy levels, build up red blood cells, improve condition of hair, skin, teeth and nails, and so on.

Previously available only in tablet form from Chlorella Health, the company has now brought it out as a powder.

Premier League football team Aston Villa are keen Chlorella fans, so what more can you want?

Veggie Pills

Britannia Health is extending its CapsEco (the vegetarian/ vegan non-gelatin capsule) range, which now includes Garlic Oil, Wheat Germ Oil, Beta Carotene and Vitamin E.

Or at least taste it! Three new spices from Bart Spices' Freeze Happidog Update Dried range get you thinking of distant shores, faraway places . . . The D in Happidog is definitely Ginger, Green Chilli and Lemon of animal origin (indeed, it Grass are now available to help would appear that there is no recreate the food of the exotic such thing as a "synthetic D ").

East. And very effective they are The product's manufacturer has too! undertaken to revert to D as 3

3

2

Lashings of delicious vegan food!

See review in this issue's ' W o m e n s p e a k ' .

1 0 % off for Vegan Society members Open daily exc. Wed & S u n , 9 to 5

v c f l e t a r i o r t

c a f e

Tel: 0 7 1 7 3 8 6 1 6 1

The Vegan. Summer 1993

animal products are used in the extraction (from the beet) of British Sugar's white sugar, the company cannot guarantee the SUGAR same for its brown sugars. "The Sugar or, strictly speaking, raw sugars and cane molasses . . . 'sucrose', while not containing originate from numerous small animal products, may not be factories around the world many entirely free of animal involve- of which may use [as a decolorant] bone char or char of mixed ment.

The largest UK supplier, British origin, and the type used may vary Sugar (trading under the Silver from country to country, year to Spoon label), obtains its white year, factory to factory." (refined) sugar from beet. The In contrast, the UK's second beet are transported from their largest sugar supplier, Tate & point of origin in a solution of Lyle, is able to provide "assurwater and antifoams. Some of the ance that the use of bone charcoal antifoams in use contain "small in the Tate & Lyle refinery proamounts of fish oil". "It is not cess ceased a number of years possible to differentiate the ago." "Liquor decolorization is sources of the sugar . . . once in now done using synthetic ion the factory the beet are separated exchange resins and activated carfrom the transport water, washed bon of mineral origin." Both Tate in clean water and sliced." & Lyle's white and brown sugars Although it would appear that no are derived from sugar cane. soon as a supply becomes available.

"With just one minor exception all products in the Tate & Lyle retail range are acceptable for vegans.

The one exception is currently Ready to Roll Icing which contains a stearate emulsifier."

Billingtons has stated that the production of all its sugars is free of animal substances.

As many health-conscious readers will know (and despite there being more 'sugar-free' products available) sugar appears in a wide range of foods — including breads, biscuits, cakes, confectionery, desserts, dressings, canned savouries and fruits, alcoholic and soft drinks! With this in mind, the Society wrote to the major food retailers asking them to identify the sources of the sugar used in their own label products.

Most did not respond, one is "still investigating", another was not prepared to divulge the supplier of

its own label sugars. It seemed that the request was an impracticable one — not only would it have necessitated the retailers contacting all of their own label suppliers, there was no guarantee that the same suppliers (who in turn manufacture and market their own branded products) would continue to purchase sugar from their stated sources.

After careful consideration of the issues involved, and given sugar is neither wholly not partly derived from animal products, it has been decided to continue to list sugar-containing products in The Vegan and Animal-Free Shopper. To exclude these products would not only render publication of the Animal-Free Shopper impractical, but would also make the adoption of a vegan diet a considerably less attractive proposition.

THE VEGAN SOCIETY'S

ANIMAL FREE SHOPPER 2 N D

EDITION £4.95

+ 65p p&p

A shopping guide for those wishing to buy goods which are free of animal ingredients and involve no animal testing. handy pocketbook format multiple outlet quick reference guide glossary of animal substances

• thousands of entries • background information • mail order addresses

• useful addresses & contacts • guidance on additives • suggested reading

Send a cheque/PO payable to 'The Vegan Society' for £5.60 to: The Vegan Society, 7 Battle Road, St Leonards-on-Sea, East Sussex TN37 7AA

15 The Vegan. Summer 1993

VEGAN VIDEO FUlftf^ffi In the Winter 1992 Vegan the Society launched the Vegan Video Fund with the object of raising £5,000 to finance the production of a high-quality video highlighting the benefits of a vegan diet for the environment, Third World, human health and animal welfare.

As at 28 May 1993 the Videometer was displaying approximately £3,500 —just £1,500 short of its target. Unfortunately, progress on the film has slowed somewhat because the video's producer has been forced to interrupt his (voluntary) efforts with a commission from a paying client!

However, on the plus side, Vicky Kimm, a presenter on the Food & Drink programme, has expressed interest in assisting with the project.

Council wishes to record its appreciation for those who have made contributions and asks all readers, supporters of the Society and vegans everywhere who recognize the need for a promotional video to consider making a donation — whatever amount suits! Be it £1 or £500, it's equally welcome.

Vegan Video Fund Donors

(Contributions received before 28.5.93) R & J Adams • M Alder • D Allen • J Anderson • G Anyon • T Barford • I Bates • S Beagley • M Beresford • L Berridge • R Bingham • A Bird • S Boyle • J Bowyer • R Bradley • J Bramley • A Briggs • C Brooke • L Burwood • O Busse • R Carpenter • D & D Carr • C Caterer • T Chidgey • C Chimes • V Clarke • J Coleman • J Collins • H Cook • L Da Rold • L Davis • W Dejlidko • H & J Dell • R Dodd • T Dodd • H & M Door • K Elliott • C Evans • J Everett • D England • J FalconerTaylor • P FitzGerald • D & K Fobbester • G Forrest • J Frame • J Franklin • G Frumento • S Gamsby • N Geddes-Ward • S Gibson • P Gillard • G Grace • S Graham • J Gregory • J Griffiths • R Hall • D Hammond • O Hargie • D Harriman • T Hayes • C Haynes • A Hazle • K Hegyi • J Higgens • M Higgott • G Holt • K Hook • G Husk • S Johnson • G Jones • F Kemp • T Key • M Lacey • J Lucas • J Lynch • C Lynott • S Longstone • M McCalley • A, M & A Mackie • N McLean • H Mather • M & C Newman • B Nicholes • C Nouws, R Oakley • N Ord • J Overy • D Owen-Smith • P Page • E Park • I Park • N Pearson • F Phillips • G Ni Phluinced • C Pianta • M Pollitt • J Pook • M & S Popplewell • A Rees • T Robinson • C RueckertDurkovic • L Sansbury • J Saunders • M Saunders • T Scott • C Sheehan • B Smith • G Smith • A Sollas • D Stanbra • P Soper • South London Animal Aid • C Suriyaarachchi • M Sutcliffe • K Taylor • D Thurgate • Tipton • C Tod • Townsend-Handscomb • S Vickers • E Wales • S Walton • J Warren • D Wetton • A Whitehead • J Willis • M Woods 16

The Fund's target is £5,000 The Vegan and the 'Videometer' will keep you informed of its progress.

Unless anonymity is requested the names of those donating to the Fund will appear in future issues of The Vegan.

VEGAN VIDEO FUND DONATION COUPON

Please accept my donation of £ (cheque/PO payable to 'The Vegan Society') Name Address

Post code Return to: The Vegan Society, 7 Battle Road, St Leonards-on-Sea, East Sussex TN37 7AA. The Vegan. Summer 1993

THE MANUAL OF

A N I M A L RIGHTS

by David Cowles-Hamar

PART O N E

Confrontation is the predator of vegans and vegetarians, it lurks in every social corner growling "I told you so" every time you succumb to a sniffle and screaming "vegetable rights!" should you dare even contemplate a salad, and woe betide ye who cannot answer its ever more obscure questions — one slip in confusion or uncertainty and it will spring from the shadows to bite your head off.

But fear not! Firstly, because our persistent oppressor is probably not in the best of health and secondly, because you are now about to be armed with The Manual of Animal Rights — a book of answers.

I hope you will find herein, if not all the answers, then at least a solid foundation on which to build your own arguments. There is a formal philosophy of animal rights to which this book adheres but the greatest thing I have learnt in writing it is that logic will always follow the greater truth of compassion.

David Cowles-Hamar

acknowledgements Thank you Sarah for being so hard to please and Mum for being so easy to please, Thanks also to Grahame Schofield for his unending determination to prove me wrong, to Jon Wynne-Tyson for The Extended Circle — my bible — and Bob Marley for the mellow vibes and hence my sanity. dedication Dedicated to my brother James with whom, in our childhood, I learnt to argue.

17 The Vegan. Summer 1993

THE MANUAL OF

ANIMAL RIGHTS

FOOD FROM ANIMALS MEAT 1 It's natural for humans to eat meat

The human physiology, like that of our closest living relatives — the great apes, is vegetarian in design. The structure of our skin, teeth, stomach and bowels, the length of our digestive system, the composition of our saliva, stomach acids and urine etc. are all typically vegetarian.

Somewhere though, deep in our ancient history, we used our extraordinary minds to develop tools that overcame our physical limitations and enabled us to kill other animals and eat their flesh. We became omnivorous in habit but our physiology, though resilient and adaptable enough to handle quantities of flesh, has always remained true to its vegetarian origins.

Stripped of our tools this becomes obvious.

Imagine, for example, the difficulty you would have first catching and then eating a rabbit raw — fur, bone, sinew and all and compare that to the ease with which you could gather and eat a bowl of raw fruit or vegetables.

Perhaps more importantly, ask yourself if, when you are very hungry, you in any way feel an instinctive urge to hunt down, kill and eat another animal.

Despite our omnivorous habits human beings are designed for and thrive on a vegetarian diet. We can in fact maintain the very best of health without resorting to any animal products whatsoever (veganism). That is why vegetarianism is a moral issue for how can we justify causing the suffering and death of millions upon millions of animals if it is unnecessary?

2 Humans have always eaten meat

Meat eating is certainly among our most ancient practices (though it is worth pointing out that most of the world's human population has always been, and still is largely vegetarian (and see 1)) but then so are slavery, murder and war. The antiquity of a practice is neither a guarantee of its morality nor a justification for it.

3

Humans need some meat

Despite the desperate leaflets and posters put 18

out by The Meat and Livestock Commission this idea is obsolete. Numerous medical studies have found vegans and vegetarians to be not only healthy but generally healthier than people who eat meat.

be better obtained on a vegan diet without risk of the unpleasant side effects associated with milk (see 9) and without the suffering and death involved in the dairy industry (see 11 and

4

9

Meat is good for you

12).

Milk is good for you

It has been estimated that 90 per cent of the world's adult population is deficient in the enzyme lactase, necessary for the digestion of milk sugar (lactose). This natural deficiency is quite harmless unless you drink milk in which case you can suffer symptoms such as chronic or occasional diarrhoea, bloating, flatulence, abdominal pains and possibly, in older women, osteoporosis.

Intolerance to milk is the commonest of all food allergies. Symptoms include asthma, eczema, skin rashes, chronic nasal and sinus problems, tonsillitis, ulcerative colitis, bowel 5 Humans can eat meat and still irregularity, hyperactivity, depression, be healthy and some forms of arthritis.

The human digestive system is very resilient migraines Cow's can cause gastro-intestinal and adaptable. We can certainly eat moderate bleeding inmilk infants to anaemia and amounts of meat as part of a balanced diet and there is a proven linkleading between milk consumpstill be healthy. tion and senile cataracts.

The point is that we can maintain perfect this country dairy products account for health without any meat at all and we are there- halfInour fat intake, making them a fore causing the suffering and death of millions high risk saturated factor in heart disease — our biggest upon millions of animals every year for no bet- killer. ter reasons than material profit and the taste of their flesh. An individual should find this morally untenable even after a very minimal 10 We only take what the calf consideration of animal rights.

The British Medical Association has stated that "vegetarians have lower rates of obesity, coronary heart disease, high blood pressure, large bowel disorders and cancer and gall-stones".

Other research has added to this list osteoporosis, kidney stones, diabetes, gout, arthritis, appendicitis, angina, haemorrhoids, varicose veins and diverticular disease.

Vegans enjoy the same benefits and some of them to a greater degree.

doesn't need

6 Vegans and vegetarians are often unhealthy

See 4.

This is a very naive view. Such idyllic farmyard scenes are a thing of the distant past. The modern dairy cow has her calf taken away from her when it is 1-3 days old.

11

What happens to the calves?

The least healthy calves are usually slaughMILK tered at a few days old (after enduring a distressing trip to market) and then processed into pet food, pies and rennet for cheese making.

7 It's natural for humans to drink Some of the females go on to become dairy milk herd replacements. Other calves are sold at Human beings are the only animals on earth market at 1-2 weeks old to be reared for beef who drink the milk of another species. This is production. 80 per cent of our beef is a bynot an ancient practice either, we thrived for product of the dairy industry. hundreds of thousands of years without it and Every year a quarter of a million calves are in fact it has been estimated that two thirds of exported to Europe, often in appalling condithe world's population cannot even digest it. tions, for veal products. They are kept in isolaWhether you choose to describe our use of tion in 5' x 2' crates in which they are unable animal milk as natural or not is irrelevant. The even to turn around. They are given no bedpoint is that we do not need it and we therefore ding (in case they try to eat it) and are fed only cannot justify the suffering and death we cause on a liquid diet devoid of iron and fibre to keep in obtaining it (see 11 and 12). their flesh pale and anaemic. After 3-5 months they are slaughtered. They probably wouldn't have lived much longer anyway.

8 Humans need some milk Over 170.000 calves under 3 months old die Milk contains some valuable nutrients for each year due to poor husbandry and appalling those who are able to digest it but these can all treatment at markets.

The Vegan. Summer 1993

THE MANUAL OF

ANIMAL RIGHTS 12 Dairy farming doesn't harm the cows

From about 2 years of age the modern dairy cow spends 9 months of every year pregnant.

Her calf is taken away from her at 1-3 days old causing them both terrible distress. She is then milked for 10 months during which time she is forced to produce 10 times the amount of milk her calf would have taken. It is not surprising that every year a third of our dairy cows suffer from mastitis — a painful inflammation of the udder.

To increase her milk yield the cow is fed on high protein concentrates but this is often not enough and she may be forced to break down her own body tissues to keep up with the continual demand ("milking off her back"). This commonly leads to a condition called acidosis which can make her lame — lameness affects 25% of our dairy cows every year.

At about 5 years old, spent and exhausted, she is slaughtered. Her natural life span would have been around 20 years. (80 per cent of our beef is a by product of the dairy industry.)

13 Cows won't produce milk if they are not content

Cows cannot help producing milk any more than they can help producing urine.

Since the 1950s the dairy cow has been subjected to ever more intensive farming methods.

Her suffering now is greater than it has ever been. In that same period her yield has increased 5 fold.

EGGS 14 It's natural for humans to eat eggs

Early humans certainly did eat eggs but we must clearly distinguish between the opportunistic stone age gatherer and the modern intensive egg farmers who, in the UK alone, keep 30 million hens in tiny cages, without room even to spread their wings and who kill 35-50 million male chicks every year simply because they have no use for them.

The point is that we do not need eggs and can maintain perfect health without them. We therefore cannot justify the suffering and death we cause in obtaining them (see 17 and 18).

15

Eggs are good for you

Eggs are nutritious but they can also carry salmonella and are a very common cause of allergies. All their nutrients can be easily obtained on a vegan diet without the health risks and without the enormous cruelty involved in their production (see 17 and 18).

19 The Vegan. Summer 1993

16 Hens don't mind their eggs being taken

In the wild a hen will build herself a nest and lay about 6 eggs in as many days. If any of these are lost she is usually able to replace them, provided she has access to enough food.

It is this ability to keep laying that the modern egg farmer exploits but in doing so frustrates one of the hen's most fundamental instincts; to reproduce.

FISH 20

Fish is good for you

The North Sea, where 40% of our fish is caught, has become so polluted that some fishermen now wear protective face masks to prevent the rashes and other skin disorders that contact with the water can cause.

Moderate amounts of fish from unpolluted waters (if there are any) are undoubtedly good for you. But there are three things to remember here: firstly, it has been clearly established that fish can and do suffer when they are caught 17 Hens won't lay if they are not (see 21, 22 and 132); secondly, fishing has content already had a disastrous effect on the environA hen's ovaries are controlled by light which ment (fish stocks are now at their lowest ever); on a battery farm is carefully regulated to sim- and thirdly, all the benefits of eating fish can be ulate continuous summertime. It is this, com- easily obtained from a vegan diet. The ethical bined with selective breeding and a carefully choice is clear. controlled diet that results in the modern battery hen's high output.

Conditions on a battery farm are appalling. 21 Fish don't feel pain Five birds, each with a wingspan of 32 inches Fish have a complex nervous system and all are kept in cages only 20 inches wide. Their the sensory organs necessary for the sensation feet often become deformed from continuous- of pain. It is therefore logical to assume that ly standing on sloping wire mesh. They can they do feel pain.

A three year investigation by a panel of scinever perch, ground-scratch, dust bathe or nest.

Lack of exercise leads to fatty liver syndrome entists and representatives from angling and and brittle bones. Most of them eventually shooting organisations (the Medway Report) become psychotic. These birds are not 'con- concluded that fish, like other vertebrates are tent' and yet they still lay. They will even con- capable of suffering. tinue to lay when seriously injured — they simply cannot help it.

22 Fish are free-range 18 What's wrong with free-range eggs?

Like most animals, chickens produce equal numbers of male and female offspring. But even the most conscientious free-range egg farmer has no use for the males so they are killed, in their millions, by gassing, crushing, suffocation, decompression or drowning.

The hens are kept for about 2 years until their productivity declines. They are then sent for slaughter. Their natural life-span would have been 5-7 years.

19 Hens lay unfertilized eggs that would otherwise be wasted

Wild hens rarely lay unfertilized eggs.

Domestic hens only do so because they are being manipulated by humans. The point is not that the eggs may go to waste but that in manipulating the hens to produce these eggs we inflict the most appalling cruelty on them (see 17 and 18).

Why should a free-range animal be any more deserving of an unnecessary death than any other animal? The suggestion that individuals should pay for their freedom with their lives is moral nonsense. All animals should be free and we have no right to deprive them of that freedom or their lives for such trivial reasons as money, the taste of their flesh or the pursuit of 'sport'.

23 Some points concerning fish slaughter

UK fishing vessels catch 500,000 tons of fish every year and there are no specific regulations governing their slaughter.

They die of shock, asphyxiation, crushing by the weight of the catch and freezing on ice bedding. Many, like cod, haddock, plaice, skate and sole can still be alive when landed and gutted. Eels are killed by burying in salt (it takes 2 hours) or are chopped into pieces and boiled.

Farmed fish such as salmon and trout are bled to death with or without stunning. Trout are starved for 3-6 days beforehand and may simply be taken from the water and packed in ice for transport to the market, taking up to 14 minutes to die (see also 132).

THE MANUAL OF

ANIMAL RIGHTS ABOUT NUTRITION 24

What about protein?

Protein deficiency is almost unheard of in the West. Vegans certainly needn't worry, the average vegan diet easily fulfils the daily protein recommendations of the Department of Health, World Health Organization (WHO) and the National Advisory Committee on Nutrition Education (NACNE).

One of the problems with animal proteins is that they usually come with saturated fats and so are a major risk factor in heart disease — our biggest killer. Plant proteins on the other hand are associated with dietary fibre which is one of the most important parts of a healthy diet. In fact vegans as a dietary group have been found to be the most likely of all to achieve their daily fibre requirement.

The proteins in animal products are very highly concentrated and most people who eat meat take in far more protein than their bodies can cope with. This can lead to conditions like gout, arthritis, rheumatism, fibrositis and to deficiencies in niacin, vitamin B , calcium, magnesium and other minerals.

A high protein diet also puts enormous strain on the pancreas — an organ that produces enzymes for the digestion of proteins but also for fighting cancer. It is worth remembering that 147,000 (1981) people die of cancer every year in Britain.

It is not widely known that most vegetables contain useful amounts of protein.

Particularly rich sources include nuts, pulses, grains, seeds, green leafy vegetables and potatoes.

6

25

What about iron?

etarians are less at risk from osteoporosis. society that has put compassion before taste Rich plant sources of calcium include tofu and profit. (contains more than four times the calcium of cow's milk), green leafy vegetables, dried 31 What would happen to all the fruit, nuts, seeds, molasses and seaweeds. tarm animals?

27

What about vitamin 0?

Vitamin D is produced by the action of sunlight on the skin. Although it is available in 32 There would be less animals fortified foods like margarine, a little fresh air in the world every day (even if it's cloudy) is all you need.

90% of the agricultural land in this country is used either directly or indirectly to feed livestock. It has been estimated that a vegan 28 What about vitamin B12?

Britain could be self-sufficient in food on The human body needs only minute amounts about 25% of the land currently being of vitamin B and is able to conserve it farmed. This would free vast areas of land when supplies are scarce. Deficiency is that could be returned to the wild, all those extremely rare and actually doesn't affect millions of acres of sterile crops would vegans any more often than it affects non- become densely populated ecosystems. There vegans. It is usually caused by an inability to would be more animals in this country than absorb the vitamin rather than a dietary there has been for hundreds of thousands of deficiency. years.

Vitamin B is produced by bacteria in the small intestine, it is possible that the body can absorb all it needs from there. Not enough 33 Many customs and traditions research has been done yet but it may explain would be destroyed how some life-long vegans, who never take Other examples of customs and traditions supplements, remain in excellent health.

Bj2 is not found in most plants but it is include sexism, racism, torture, public exeoften present in micro-organisms living on cutions and witch burning.

For society to progress some customs and them. Although most of these organisms are destroyed by modern chemical agriculture, it traditions have to be abandoned. does suggest that fresh, raw and organically grown produce could be a valuable source.

34 There wouldn't be enough food But again the research has not been done.

Vegans generally needn't worry too much 90% of the agricultural land in this country about B but it is probably prudent to take a is used either directly or indirectly to feed supplement occasionally. livestock. We actually produce enough food for 250 million people. There are over 500 million severely undernourished people in 29 You would have to eat so much the world, 50 million die every day of starTotally untrue as any vegan or vegetarian will vation.

It has been estimated that a vegan Britain tell you. Try it and see! could be self-sufficient in food on about 25% of the land currently being farmed.

1 2

! 2

12

The average vegan diet not only supplies twice the minimum daily requirement of iron but also up to three times the daily requirement of vitamin C. Vitamin C enhances the absorption of iron in the body, consequently BUT WHAT IF WE vegans rarely suffer from anaemia.

Studies have shown the incidence of anaemia in vegetarians and meat eaters to be ALL TURNED roughly the same.

Rich plant sources of iron include dried VEGETARIAN/VEGAN? fruits, whole grains, nuts, green leafy vegetables, seeds, pulses, molasses and seaweeds.

Using iron pots and pans can also contribute 30 We would be overrun with liveto a dietary intake. stock There are huge numbers of farm animals but it is not as if they would ever be let loose 26 What about calcium? overnight. They are only fanned in such large There have been no reports of calcium defi- numbers because it is profitable. As vegetarciency in vegans. It has been shown that ani- ianism and veganism grow so the demand for mal protein causes the body to excrete meat will decline and farm animals will be calcium more quickly than plant protein does. bred in decreasing numbers. Those that are This may be one reason why vegans and veg- left will undoubtedly be well cared for by a 20

See 30.

35 Many people would lose their jobs

The move towards vegetarianism/veganism is a gradual process. As less and less people are employed in the animal-based industries so more and more will find work in the industries that replace them. Some people may well lose their jobs and every effort must be made to find them new employment. But let us not forget that the animals upon whom their jobs are based are losing their lives.

Ed. This manual has been serialized for The Vegan. A full contents listing will appear in the final instalment.

The Vegan. Summer 1993

Growsense

June

• Make a liquid plant food by steeping nettles and/or comfrey leaves in water for a few weeks.

• Remove tips of broad bean plants to prevent attack by blackfly. The tips can be eaten as greens.

• Mulch fruit beds with compost, sawdust, bark or any other available material, to conserve moisture and suppress weeds.

• Continue successional sowings of lettuce, radish, spring onions and peas.

• After the end of the first week of June, when danger of frosts should be over, plant out tomatoes, courgettes, marrows, cauliflowers, cabbages and other tender plants.

VEGAN GARDENING NOTES JUNE-AUGUST

Barbara Smith imparts some helpful tips and advice 21 The Vegan. Summer 1993

• Immunity to diseases and insect attack comes from a rich soil, teeming with beneficial insect life and worms. This takes two to three years to build up, with the application of good quality compost. Until this stage is reached, companion planting can help. The following are good combinations: chervil grown with lettuces protects them from snails, greenfly and mildew; tagetes (French Marigold) grown with tomatoes will repel whitefly and increase growth of plants and fruit; nasturtium planted next to cabbage, cauliflower and other brassicas will keep aphids and whitefly away and attract hoverflies, the larvae of which will eat greenfly etc.; chives, onion or garlic planted with strawberry plants protect against mould and nematodes; basil repels most insects.

July

• Liquid feed cauliflowers, root crops, onions, marrows, courgettes, cucumbers and tomatoes with nettle/comfrey fertilizer (see 'June').

• If weather is dry, water tomatoes, marrows and sweetcorn in particular.

• Make sowings of spring cabbage, winter lettuce and winter radish.

• Land cress and com salad, sown from July to September, will grow through the coldest winter.

• Peg down strawberry runners to root, to be planted in a new bed in early September. Sow mustard seed between strawberry plants to ward off nematodes.

• Pennyroyal, in a prostrate form, is ideal for lawn making or for planting between paving stones, and is a good insect repellent.

• Gather horsetail (equisetum arvense) to make a fungicide for blackspot and mildew.

August

• To encourage runner beans to crop well, liquid feed (as above).

Companion planting tips: tansy grown with runner or dwarf beans is effective; feverfew protects runner beans and broad beans from beanfly.

• Surround tender plants with borage leaves — snails don't like to cross the hairy leaves. Nettle leaves have a similar deterrent effect and are a good fertilizer.

• To repel slugs, sprinkle a tea made from wormwood or southernwood over the soil.

• Dust onions and carrots with soot to deter fly.

• Sow lovage seeds in late summer and plant out in final growing position 5-6 weeks later.

Lovage will grow to a height of 6' and is perennial.

• Plant offshoots of comfrey.

The following season, from July onwards, the plants can be cut down to about 2" from soil level and added to the compost heap or made into liquid fertilizer.

• When all liquid fertilizer has been used, spread the residue around plants.

• Take tip cuttings of herbs such as sage and thyme, root in water, then pot up and overwinter indoors.

Finally, take time to enjoy the fruits of your labour!

ÂŁe 3

LOAFING ABOUT

Richard Youngs, author of 'Cook Vegan', presents some ideas for livening up a familiar foodstuff

Bread is an important staple in all manner of western diets. Whether it is as toast for breakfast, sandwiches for lunch or an accompaniment to dinner, most of us eat bread at some time in the day. Good bread is a delight on its own, but it is also nice to spread something other than margarine on to it.

Here is a selection of savoury and sweet treats to go with your bread. The savoury recipes can be made throughout the year, though are well suited to all the summer salad vegetables currently available; try them in a packed lunch on the bread of your choice with crisp lettuce, juicy tomatoes and, say, a few slices of pepper. The preserve can only be made in summer when raspberries are plentiful.

All quantities make four servings unless otherwise stated.

22

The Vegan. Summer 1993

CARROT AND ALMOND SPREAD Though I buy ready ground almonds, I am told that these are not as tasty as fresh ground almonds. All the same, it is the carrot that provides most of the flavour with the almond giving a spreading consistency to the vegetable puree.

5 oz (140g) carrot 5 oz (140g) ground almonds powdered vegan stock or salt and pepper to taste Dice the carrots and boil in a little water until soft. Reserve the liquid for stock. Mash the carrots. Add the ground almonds and work the mixture into a paste. Season with salt and pepper or powdered vegan stock.

CHESTNUT PATE Dried chestnuts can be easily bought at health food stores and need no pre-soaking. They have an interesting taste that is both sweet and savoury. Most tomato puree sold in tubes or tins is double concentrated, though do check.

4 oz (115g) dried chestnuts 1 medium onion 2 tbs olive oil 1 tbs double concentrated tomato puree 1 tbs fresh chopped parsley salt and pepper to taste Boil the dried chestnuts in water until they are soft. This takes about 25 minutes. Drain, transfer the chestnuts to a mixing bowl and mash.

Finely chop the onion and saute in the olive oil until transparent. Add to the chestnuts, along with the tomato puree and parsley. Mix thoroughly, then season with salt and pepper to taste.

LENTIL PATE I use a low salt yeast extract and consequently need to add a little salt to adjust the taste. Some yeast extracts, however, are very salty, so no extra seasoning may be required. As with most cooking, do taste as you proceed! cup split red lentils 1 cup water cup bulgar wheat 1 tsp unsweetened vegan wholegrain mustard tsp yeast extract 1 tbs double concentrated tomato puree salt and pepper to taste v

2

v

2

In an uncovered saucepan, bring the lentils and water to a boil, remove any scum that surfaces, and continue to boil for 10 minutes 23 The Vegan. Summer 1993

until mushy. Add the bulgar wheat and simmer for a further 10 minutes, occasionally stirring so that the mixture does not stick to the pan. Should it become too dry, add a little extra water. Tum off heat and stir in the remaining ingredients. Finally, season to taste.

OLIVE PATE This is a strong flavoured pate and a little goes a long way. Olives may be bought with or without stones, and the quantity given here assumes that all the stones have been removed before weighing. Therefore, if you are buying whole olives, calculate on purchasing at least 2 oz (55g) above the stated 4 oz (115g). Incidentally, some garlic presses have a nifty attachment that will remove olive stones easily.

4 oz (115g) pitted black olives a little olive oil as required Make sure all the stones are removed from the olives, then liquidize. The consistency of the resulting paste should not be too dry, but if it is then stir in a little olive oil — a tablespoon at most. Transfer to a serving bowl.

PESTO Usually considered as a dressing for pasta, pesto is also excellent spread on bread.

The basil must be fresh, though you may substitute a cheaper nut for the pine kernels. For instance, try using almonds instead.

2 handfuls of fresh basil leaves 2 handfuls of pine kernels 1 clove garlic 2 tbs olive oil salt In a bowl crush the basil leaves with the gar-

lic. With much pounding they will form a smooth paste. Then add the pine kernels and crush these into the paste. When smooth, stir in the olive oil. Season with a pinch of salt.

Serve.

TOFU AND LEEK SPREAD The bland tofu, along with the potato, provides a spreading consistency, while the leek and powdered vegan stock lend the flavour. For a different taste, try making this with smoked tofu.

3 oz (85g) leeks 1 medium potato 5 oz (140g) tofu 1 tsp powdered vegan stock Wash, finely chop and lightly simmer the leek and potato in a little water for 10 minutes until soft. Drain and transfer to a liquidizer. Add the tofu and stock powder.

Liquidize. Scoop into a bowl. Allow to cool and firm up before serving.

RASPBERRY PRESERVE This is a recipe of my Great Aunt Kit, and differs from jam in so far as the fruit is merely warmed rather than boiled. The resulting taste is fresher and more delicate.

The technique may also be used with other summer fruits; strawberries are particularly good.

1 lb of quite ripe fruit to 1 lb of sugar In one pan heat the sugar until it is as hot as possible without burning or caramelizing. In another, warm, but do not boil, the raspberries. Then pour the sugar into the fruit and stir with a wooden spoon until all the sugar has dissolved. Put the preserve into heated jars and seal. It should keep for at least a month.

Reviews Tfic Vegan CjiiicCe

The V e g a n Guide to Paris

Edited by Alex Bourke Researched by Helen Childs and Antony Coles Self published £2.50 (p&p incl.)* Pbk, 32pp Vegan guides to places foreign and exotic will be welcomed by vegans travelling abroad. This little booklet contains tips on travelling, basic survival vocab, and little excursions into the Parisian experience (under the heading of 'Romance': "Okay, what about friendship 'and maybe more' in the city of lovers?"). These digressions, and there are other, more down-toearth ones like 'Buying Clothes' and 'Cheap Accommodation', are useful and enjoyable, but the real value of this publication lies in its thorough investigation of the 10 central arrondissements (regions) of the city, plus "the interesting 18th", from the point of view of the hungry vegan.

For each arrondissement there

is a brief description of interesting features (sometimes very brief, such as "Nothing here at all for vegans except the Pompidou Centre, so you'll have to forage in the 4th", for the 3rd), followed by a list of addresses of vegan-friendly establishments categorized as Restaurants, Cafes, Shops and Markets.

Essential information is included, such as opening times and the nearest metro stations.

Unfortunately the map in the centre pages does not do the text justice, and generally, I think, the booklet would benefit hugely from a revision of presentation.

Very handy stuff to have around on a visit to Paris, but the guide does have a couple of strange and out-of-place elements. One of these is reference to the French language as "frog" — only once that I noticed, but the term grates enormously.

The other comes towards the end in an otherwise good section on Disneyworld. The self-conscious tirade against persecutors of people with "pink hair", complete with reference to one of the persecutors as "dickhead", whilst it may be factually not too far from the truth, says rather more about the attitude of the author than it does about that of the Disneyworld official being described.

All in all though, The Vegan Guide to Paris would have been completely dog-eared by the time I'd returned from my trip to Paris a couple of years ago.

Definitely an essential travel companion. Is anyone doing one for Amsterdam by next March?

• Annie Brosnan

Pharmoco (Life Science Research)

MARCH & PROTEST 7 August, 12 noon, Eye, Suffolk.

Details: Breckland Animal Concern, P0 Box 4, Diss IP22 2TZ. 24

ANI M AL WELFARE CAROLINE CLOUGH & BABBV KEW

H A N D B O O K

j~

'baby seal' image which the authors themselves accept has "media and soft toy" appeal but which represents only the tiniest tip of the iceberg of animal suffering. However, this is a small enough fault in so useful a book.

• Terry Bevis

365 plus one

Vegan Recipes

The Animal Welfare Handbook

Caroline Clough & Barry Kew Fourth Estate £8.99 Pbk, 234pp This is a timely publication for a public becoming increasingly concerned about its way of living in relation to its own environment and that of coming generations.

This handbook will indeed be invaluable for campaigners wishing to have an up to date guide to organizations, and particularly for young people who need to have their questions on animal (ab)use addressed simply and graphically.

In Part One the authors have put together a very clear summary of the situation to date, where the various practices performed on animals from the circus to the laboratory and from the farm to the fishery are examined concisely. A sense of balanced criticism is maintained by including both the 'rights' and 'wrongs' of particular practices.

In Part Two the current legal situation relating to animal welfare is examined, with clear summaries of the various Acts of Parliament which apply to the treatment of animals. This sub section is followed by a comprehensive list of written, visual and audio resources available to those who wish to expand their knowledge on any particular topic. Finally in Part Two, a list of organizations to whom readers may feel they can lend their support or address their concerns and enquiries is included.

If there is any criticism of the book at all it is simply the cover, showing the all too recognizable

Leah Leneman 365 Plus One Vegan Recipes

Leah Leneman Thorsons £5.99 Pbk, 160pp

When I wrote the first 365 PLUS ONE cookbook, it was in response to an all too familiar question — "It's all very well being vegetarian, but don't you run out of ideas after a bit?" No, I'd answer. And wrote the book to prove it.

The latest one in the series is

by Leah Leneman — and I predict it's about to do the same for vegans. Simply but attractively designed, reasonably priced, it's the kind of book every vegan — or everyone who has to cater for one — will find invaluable.

I do find worrying the information that a number of the sweet recipes are 'sugar free'.

Though some of them suggest fruit as a sweetener, others rely heavily on maple syrup. I'm not sure what the author considers to be the advantage of using this instead of raw cane sugar (except for the smidgen of nutrients to be found in pure maple syrup, and of course its delicious flavour — if you can afford it). I believe diabetics can tolerate it better, but not, surely, in such generous amounts? And anyone avoiding sugar because they're worried about gaining weight or losing The Vegan. Summer 1993

their teeth shouldn't be encouraged to feel all is OK if they just replace it with maple syrup. (The recipe for Maple Pecan Tofu Cheesecake, for example, includes half a pound of maple syrup, yet suggests using a sugarfree granola for the base. Why?) But this is a detail. Basically, this is an imaginative book full of recipes you'll want to try.

Some that particularly appeal to me are Coconutty Sweetcom and Red Pepper Soup, Creamy Curried Sauce on Bulgur, Mediterranean-style Beans and Chestnuts, Avocado a la King, Smoked Tofu Pasties. There's also a section on using readymade products, another on sea vegetables — and for the do-ityourselfers — tips on making tofu, cashew cottage cheese, mock cream, and more.

The book ends with a particularly useful Directory of Recipes which groups them into different categories, thus helping you find recipes for a particular situation without needing to go right through the book. There's even one on sugar free recipes .. . but I'd better not start on that again!

• Janet Hunt

The Great Book of Vegetables

Antonella Palazzi Simon & Schuster £20.00 Hbk, 320pp

I hope to be not alone in having felt for a long time the absence of a thoroughgoing book devoted to vegetables in their various aspects. So when The Great Book of Vegetables appeared it was approached as a celebration.

It is a beautiful book to behold, 25 The Vegan. Summer 1993

and it weighs 3'/ lbs. But the further I went into it, reservations grew, and ended with one or two.

However, they were compensated for by a fascinating Introduction, as well as the wide scope and picturesque presentation of the vegetables in their splendour, beautifully and usefully photographed throughout.

Also, they are grouped in a novel way: leaf and stalk vegetables, shoots and fruits, bulbs and roots, tubers and seeds, mushrooms and truffles. Preparation of each is detailed and the ways it may be cooked, served, and stored in the modern fridge/freezer way. The joys of fresh vegetables are explored as well!

Ironically, it has a drawback, by being first published in Italy

by Ornaldo Mondadori Editore.

Vegetables in Italy have not only to be seen but tasted to be believed. The experience leaves one wanting (back in Britain), and this book brought it all back!

But it is its Italianness which retains in the recipes, where applicable, eggs and dairy produce; it's too soon to do without them in Italy in such a lavish book of 400+ recipes — it wouldn't sell there. It also explains the rare inclusion of meat and fish, which one senses the author feels is regrettable. (It is possible to live joyfully as a vegan in Italy, but soya milk and tofu are still prohibitively expensive.)

At this point someone may be wondering why this book is under review in The Vegan. This book can only do good for the vegan cause because it presents a positive case for being a vegan in the text, which is unheard of in the ordinary cookbook. And Antonella Palazzi acknowledges that "vegetable protein, often referred to as 'noble protein' is much better suited to man's digestive system than animal protein." She describes the abhorrent King Henry VIII as "one of history's most famous victims of his meals," and explains why. Apart from the authorial matter which matters very much in itself, it is the imaginative ideas behind the actual recipes which could stimulate and broaden one's repertoire.

Among the other interesting information given is that in Tudor times the soil was considered to be unclean or dirt, and "a 2

source of contamination leading to dread diseases such as the plague". It suggests the opinion the Tudors had of themselves, having made the earth unclean, and which has had dire repercussions down to our own times.

Vegetables were regarded as being beyond the pale. Now that it's the opposite, there may be hope for the Earth!

• Rodney Aitchtey

Animals, Politics and Morality

Robert Garner Manchester University Press £12.99 Pbk, 258pp A good first impression can lead to disappointments. Only if you're lucky are they shortlived.

The author presents an analysis of how an upsurge of animal concern in the last 20 years has benefited from a sustained attempt by academic philosophers to change radically the moral status afforded to animals.

When even getting the concept of animal rights understood is like trying to demonstrate to the deranged the importance of a full stop, Garner's assessment of the moral issues and political conflicts provides, but not without its dodgy passages, a valuable refresher.

His overview of recent philosophical literature looks at Singer's utilitarian emphasis on the consideration of interests; Regan's alternative assertion that animals are possessors of natural rights; the ludicrous arguments of earlier philosophers such as Descartes and Kant, and the current orthodoxy represented by

the likes of Frey and Townsend.

After documenting the re-emergence from 1970 of an animal protection movement, growing in political importance and challenging a passive welfarism, Garner examines the nature of the new wave, relating competing theories to the variety of uses to which humans put animals.

The animal agriculture chapter wastes time justifying different levels of suffering, placing too much emphasis on vegetarianism and welfare, leading the author to entertain an ideal of 'humane' animal farming. Milk on the menu limits the imagination.

Similarly in Chapter 5, pro-vivisection beliefs are afforded an alarming credibility; Regan's rights case is undervalued and slightly skewed, and harms are only recognized if they physically hurt. Again, the unfeasibility of a 'humane' system within a violence-legitimizing ethic is obvious.

Anthropocentric conservationism is well documented in Chapter 6, as are the failures of the IWC and CITES. Although Garner disappoints by suggesting sympathy with the whaling nations, dubious sustainable-use strategies and species-selective inconsistencies are admirably dealt with.

The final two chapters on animal protection strategies provide some of the most informative and instructive reading on the subject I've ever come across.

This is where you get lucky.

• Barry Kew Reviewers

Rodney Aitchtey is a freelance writer.

Terry Bevis is Vegan Society Treasurer.

Annie Brosnan compiles 'Shoparound'.

Janet Hunt is author of The Caring Cook and other cookery titles, and has been a regular contributor to The Vegan.

Barry Kew is former Vegan Society General Secretary, author of The Pocketbook of Animal Facts & Figures, and co-author of The Animal Welfare Handbook.

Contacts News

omething like 250 people join the Vegan Society every 3 months. That's 250 new readers of The Vegan.

To you we say thank you for joining and we hope you find the magazine stimulating and informative. I mention this because I am always surprised at the number of times I hear of a member who has never met another vegan. Local Contacts often have such stories. One way to avoid such isolation would be to use the listing below. I know not everyone feels comfortable joining groups, or feels they have the time to get involved, but

S

Contacts are simply happy to receive a phone call or a short letter. We now have 45 Contacts covering most of the UK, there must be one near you. Also, don't forget to check the listing of Local Groups which appears in 'Noticeboard'.

Over the coming summer many of the Contacts will be active raising money for the Vegan Video Fund. Why not offer to give them a hand? The video will be an invaluable asset to the Society and I'm sure all the Contacts will be able to make tremendous use of it. It's just a thought, many hands make light work.

An aspect of the work of one Local Contact is mentioned elsewhere in this issue [Ed. See 'Global Communication']. His name is Brian Burnett. In addition to his work as a Local Contact he plans to produce a newsletter in Esperanto covering veganism and related issues.

Esperanto readers in over 100 countries will be able to read it.

(The Vegan goes to around 300 people all over the world — I wonder if they would find the Esperanto newsletter helpful?) I found this idea quite exciting and agreed to study the first few Esperanto lessons of a free correspondence course. Brian is my

tutor. At the time of writing I have completed the first two lessons. Each took about 30 minutes to master. It's very easy and very powerful. An example of what I am already able to say closes this column. So, if you're interested in widening your circle of contacts, and reading the new Esperanto newsletter, why not give the free lessons a go?

It's only by making contact and talking that we can encourage people to adopt a vegan way of life.

OK. Here we go. La virinoj kantos kaj dancos, la viroj trinkos vino, la knabinoj, knaboj kaj bestoj ludos, kaj gi estos bona. (A translation will appear in the next 'Contacts News'.)

Martyn Allen Local Contacts Co-ordinator

LOCAL VEGAN SOCIETY CONTACTS ENGLAND

26

The Vegan. Summer 1993

Postbag

but this only made the inhabitants more determined than ever to resist and overcome the perpetrators.

I would appeal to those who believe peaceful persuasion and example is not working to consider the very great number, increasing all the time, of young people now turning to vegetarianism and veganism. The parents of young children would be completely against allowing them to give up meat etc. if they considered vegans cranks who have no respect for the rights of others to choose their diet and lifestyle without fear or intimidation from others.

• E L J Smail, Cornwall Living the Spirit

Contributions to Postbag are welcomed, but accepted on the understanding that they may be edited in the interests of brevity or clarity.

Send your letters to: The Editor, THE VEGAN, 7 Battle Road, St Leonards-on-Sea, East Sussex TN37 7AA Vegan Family Support

In January 1993 we, and our baby son, joined the Vegan Families Contact List and wrote to the first three, and then the next two families. We waited in anticipation for the replies, hoping for new vegan friends with new ideas and perspectives on veganism and children etc., and waited, and waited.

Eventually we phoned one of the families who told us that at the time our letter arrived so did their baby. But they also told us that they had been on the List for two years and we were the only family to have contacted them.

Many new parents worry about 'doing things right' and feel thrown in at the deep end.

This applies even more so to new vegan parents who may face opposition from family, friends, health visitors etc. The Vegan Families Contact List is a great opportunity for giving other vegan families support, confidence and friendship, so we would urge all vegan families to join it, and more importantly to 27 The Vegan. Summer 1993

use it. It is a resource which is too valuable to be wasted.

• Chris Sutoris & Juliette James. Gwent Exemplary

Congratulations on an excellent magazine, recently received. As very much an OAP, I would, however, like to make a point which I believe is valid and the result of many years experience of human behaviour. It has always been the policy of the Vegan Society and its members to provide factual information about our diet, beliefs and the reasons for them, — and to inform, and hopefully persuade, others to consider following our example.

I consider violence, whether against property or people, is counter productive and merely antagonizes. London had 76 consecutive raids with bombs and fire bombs in the autumn of 1940, long before Dresden.

Cities like Plymouth and Coventry and others also had large areas virtually wiped out

I'm writing in response to Rick Savage's 'Chairsay' (Spring 1993 Vegan). I just wanted to express my support of his views — especially when he mentions "the spirit of veganism". People can be obsessed with purity of ethical living rather than the reason for living that lifestyle in the first place!

There isn't a single perfect human being alive or in the history of humankind. We must not frighten potential vegans away with a fanatical approach. It took me 25 years before I started to learn about the suffering of our fellow creatures.

• Mark Saunders, Essex Trade Mark Concern

It is inconceivable that any company engaged in the wholesale mutilation and extermination of animals in the name of human medical research and product safety should become associated with the Society's trade mark simply on the basis of their conscience saving decision to produce something designed to conceal such horrors. Purchasing 'cruelty-free' products from companies engaged in animal abuse is not only playing right into the hands of the marketing departments of these multinationals but, of course, is a means of ploughing consumers' money directly back into their coffers — thereby promoting further use of animals in the quest for more profit making consumer items.

Animal rights campaigners from all walks of life work tire-

lessly throughout the country to draw the public's attention to the cruelty inflicted on animals by companies desperate to maintain an ethically clean and crueltyfree image. Refusing to assign the trade mark on a company basis would be an invaluable method of condemnation in itself. Allowing the trade mark to be used otherwise is not only succumbing to the devious marketing ploys of these people but more importantly is seriously undermining the work of animal liberationists nationwide.

• Matt Rayner, London [Ed. Readers are referred to page 5 of the Autumn 1992 Vegan./ Feedback

I feel that a couple of items in the Spring 1993 Vegan invite comment: 1 'Eurocracy' This item I take to be an April 1st joke [Ed. Confirmed!]. If so, it is rather a poor one which could generate anxiety in some people. If it is not a joke I would expect a more prominent placing and an indication of action.

2 'Viewpoint' One can have no quarrel with the bulk of Chris Davies' opinions (though why "dog-shit-deep level of hypocrisy" should be considered more telling them simply "deep level of . .." is not something I readily understand).

However, as I read him, he finally appears to take a swipe at all dog owners, not choosing to face up to the fact that dogs are domesticated, for the most part living happily with humanity, and would soon reach a sorry state without human assistance.

Talk of de-domestication is an absurdity, hardly worthy of comment.

It is an unfortunate fact that organizations with such advanced aims such as the Vegan Society, greens etc., invariably attract those who use them to peddle their own pet irrelevancies.

• Raymond Bingham, Gwynedd Deadline for the Autumn 1993 'Postbag': 25 July 1993

Publications & Merchandise

PUBLICATIONS SELECTED TITLES

The New Why You Don't Need Meat

Peter Cox Bloomsbury Comprehensively updated exposition of the case against flesheating, with a vegan slant. £10.99 (310g)

The Animal-Free Shopper

Richard Farhall, Kathy McCormack & Amanda Rofe Vegan Society (UK) Second edition of the popular shopping guide for those wishing to buy goods which are free of animal ingredients and involve no animal testing. Includes product listing sections — Food, Drink, Toiletries & Cosmetics, Remedies & Supplements, Baby & Infant Care, Footwear & Clothing, Home & Office, Animal Care, and Garden & Leisure; useful addresses; and information on animal substances and additives. £4.95 (145g)

The Pocketbook of Animal Facts & Figures

Barry Kew Green Print A quickly accessible collection of facts and figures relating to the many animals the human race uses and abuses. All the information you need — at your fingertips. £6.99 (225g)

DON'T WEEP

NEAT I t may even save H.

PETER

The Vegan Health Plan

Amanda Sweet Arlington Over 300 recipes, plus nutritional information and hints on buying and storing foods, suitability for freezing etc. £6.95 (370g)

THE POCKETBOOK OF

Animals, Politics & Morality

Robert Garner MUP An assessment of moral issues, philosophical claims, the growth of the modern animal protection movement, and the strategies employed by campaigners. £12.99 (380g) 365 Plus One Vegan Recipes

Leah Leneman Thorsons An imaginative and varied collection of 'quick & easy', 'suitable for one', 'dinner party', and 'sugar-free' animal-free recipes. £6.99 (270g) The Animal Welfare Handbook

Caroline Clough & Barry Kew Fourth Estate A guide to animal welfare and rights; the issues, arguments, legislation, organizations and resources. £8.99 (315g)

ANIMAL FACTS AND FIGURES

Vegan Nutrition: A Survey of Research

365 plus one

Vegan Recipes

The

Vegan Health

Animals, politics and morality

» PRACTICAL GUkIt'CM*ALTHV LIVING I K'f a m a n d a sweet

fl

^ ^ m m m m m

Gill Langley MA PhD Vegan Society (UK) The most comprehensive survey ever undertaken of scientific research on vegan diets. Ideal for nutritionists, researchers, dieticians, GPs, community health workers, vegans and would be vegans. Includes highlighted major points, easy-to-follow tables, chapter summaries and detailed index. £5.95 (240g)

The Caring Cook: Cruelty-Free Cooking for Beginners

Janet Hunt Vegan Society (UK) An easy-to-follow first vegan cookbook, written expressly for those new to cruelty-free living.

• All titles are paperback, unless otherwise indicated • A number of titles listed here lack a vegan perspective but have nevertheless been included on the basis of their informativeness • For full details of the Society's range of publications and merchandise, please send an SAE marked 'P&M\ 28

The Vegan. Summer 1993

Offers a comprehensive selection of everyday and special occasion recipes, plus a mass of hints and tips. Durable wipe-clean cover.

HAS (165g)

REMAINING TITLES Animal Rights/ Liberation Animal Liberation. Peter Singer, Thorsons £8.99 (550g) Animal Liberation: A Graphic Guide, Lori Gruen, Peter Singer & David Hine, Camden Press £4.95 <265g) Animals' Rights. Henry Salt, Centaur (hdbk) £12.00 (430g) Chicken & Egg — Who Pays the Price?, Clare Druce, Green Print £3.99 (135g) Fettered Kingdoms, John Bryant, Fox Press £4.90 (200g) The Case For Animal Rights, Prof Tom Regan, Routledge £9.99 <495g) The Cruel Deception: The Use of Animals in Medical Research.

Robert Sharpe, Thorsons £7.99 (340g) The Dreaded Comparison: Human and Animal Slavery, Maijorie Spiegel, Heretic £3.95 (130g) The Philosophy of Animal Rights.

Prof Tom Regan, CAF (US) £1.99 (45g)

The Savour of Salt, George Hendrick & Willene Hendrick, Centaur Press £12.95 (400g) The Rose-Tinted Menagerie.

William Johnson, Heretic £8.95 (S90g) The Sexual Politics of Meat, Carol Adams, Polity Press £8.95 (355g) The Struggle For Animal Rights.

Prof Tom Regan. International Society for Animal Rights (US) £4.50 <240g)

Nutrition & Health Pregnancy, Children & the Vegan Diet, Michael Klaper MD, Gentle World (US) £5.95 (355g) Vegan Nutrition: Pure & Simple.

Michael Klaper MD, Gentle World (US) £5.95 (250g)

Cookbooks Gourmet Vegan, Heather Lamont, Gollancz £5.99 (145g) Simply Vegan, Debra Wasserman & Reed Mangels, VRG (US) £6.95 (315g) The Single Vegan, Leah Leneman, Thorsons £4.99 (220g) The Vegan Cookbook. Alan Wakeman & Gordon Baskerville, Faber & Faber £6.99 <375g) Vegan Cooking. Eva Batt, Thorsons £5.99 (270g) Home & Garden Home Ecology, Karen Christensen, Arlington Books £5.95 (515g) Forest Gardening. Robert A de J Hart, Green Books £7.95 (340g) Veganic Gardening, Kenneth Dalziel O'Brien, Thorsons £6.99 (270g)

Reference Guides The Extended Circle, Jon Wynne-Tyson, Centaur £7.50 (580g) Background Reading Abundant Living in the Coming Age of the Tree, Kathleen Jannaway, Movement For Compassionate Living £1.50 <55g) Compassion: The Ultimate Ethic (An Exploration of Veganism), Victoria Moran, American Vegan Society £4.95 (190g) Food For a Future, Jon WynneTyson, Centaur £4.99 (150g) Food: Need, Greed & Myopia, Geoffrey Yates, Earthright £3.95 <185g) The Non-Violent Revolution — A Comprehensive Guide to Ahimsa.

Nathaniel Altman, Element £7.95 (270g) Why Vegan?, Kath Clements, GMP £3.95 (120g)

The Vegan Magazine (Quarterly.) Four issues. Please state first issue. Price includes p&p. £6.00 Current issue £1.25 (llOg) Back issue/s. Please state. 50p each (110g) Leaflets (Prices include p&p) • General A5 (Price includes p&p) 100 — £1.75; 500 — £5.95; 1,000 — £10.50; 2,000 — £19.25 • Are Your Meals Costing the Earth?

100 — £2.50 (660g) • Good Health 100 — £2.50 (660g) • Milk Marketing Fraud 100 — £2.50 (660g) • Slaughter of the Innocent 100 — £2.50 (660g) • World Tragedy 100 — £2.50 (660g)

MERCHANDISE Multi-Purpose Cards — Four original vegan-oriented cartoons by Pete Donohue. Blank inside. Recycled card and envelopes. Black and red on white. 95p (50g) Poster — 'Blood Curdling' anti-milk poster by Paul Evans. Recycled paper. Red, pink, green and black.

45p (15g)

ORDER FORM Description

Weight

Quantity

- — •

Sub total £ Postage & Packing UptolOOg — 45p 101g-200g — 65p 201g-300g — 80p 301g-400g — 95 p

401g-500g 501g-600g 601g-700g 701g-800g 801g-900g

— — — — —

£1.15 £1.35 £1.55 £1.75 £1.90

901g-1000g 1001g-2000g 2001g-4000g 4001g-6000g 6001g+

— — — — —

£2.10 £3.45 £4.45 £5.00 FREE

Plus p&p £ Donation £ TOTAL £

Eire and overseas: Customers must increase TOTAL payment by 40% to cover additional surface rate postal charges.

Payment must be made by sterling International Money Order or by sterling cheque drawn on a British bank.

Cheques/POs should be made payable to 'The Vegan Society'.

Name.

Address.

Post code.

Tel. Return to: The Vegan Society, 7 Battle Road, St Leonards-on-Sea, East Sussex TN37 7AA. (0424) 427393.

29 The Vegan. Summer 1993

Cost

k

Noticeboard

»

bJ

Diary Dates

3 July National Meat Free March & Rally, Manchester.

Contact: North West Animal Rights Coalition. 061 953 4039.

4 July Mass Vegetarian Fayre, Alexandra Park, London, 12.305pm. Stalls, food, music etc.

Contact: Young Indian Vegetarians: 081 550 3725.

Laundry Farm Vigil from 8pm. Details: Celia. 0562 700086.

International Day for Captive Dolphins. Information: END. 061 223 1839.

9-11 July Living Without Cruelty Exhibition, Assembly Rooms, George St, Edinburgh.

Contact: Advocates for Animals, 10 Queensferry St, Edinburgh EH2 4PG. 031 225 6039.

13-16 July European Tour of Inspection. Dolphinaria, markets, zoos, etc. Details: ARC Office.

061 953 4039.

16 July South East Animal Rights Coalition Against Live Exports. 3 days of action in Dover and nationwide.

Torchlight vigil in Dover. Meet Eastern Docks roundabout, 8pm.

Details: 0424 730154.

17 July SEAC v5 Sealink. Dover demos. Meet Eastern Docks, 1 lam. Campaign stalls, films, refreshments. Details: 0424 730154.

18 July SEAC vs Sealink nonreligious act of commemoration 30

m

6 dedication. Eastern Docks entrance, Dover, 11am. Details: 0424 730154.

22 July Anti-Vivisection Demo at Boots AGM, Queen Elizabeth 11 Conference Ctr, London, 1 lam-11pm. Meet 9.30am Westminster Tube. Details: London Boots Action Group, c/o 58 Seven Sisters Rd, London N7 6AA. 17-24 July International Vegan Festival, Spain. (See inside front cover.)

24 July Vegan Camp begins in South Devon. SAE: 30 Dinsdale Ave, Wallsend, Tyne & Wear NE28 9JD. Pet Trade Campaign. National Day of Local Group Action.

Details: ARC 061 953 4039.

Jersey Animal Day, Royal Square, St Helier, 9am-5pm.

Details: 0534 55871.

29 July-6 Aug (Main) Vegan Camp. SAE: 30 Dinsdale Ave, Wallsend, Tyne & Wear NE28 9DJ. 7 Aug Pharmoco (Life Science Research) March & Protest, 12 noon, Eye, Suffolk. Details: Breckland Animal Concern, PO Box 4, Diss IP22 2TZ. 12 Aug Actions against grouse shooting. Details: HSA 0602 590357.

28 Aug Great Northern Animal Festival, Royal Baths, Harrogate.

Details: PO Box 8, Bedale, N Yorks DL8 2RY. 0677422974.

5 Sept Animal Rights Coalition — local groups meeting, Nottingham. Details: 061 593 4039.

9-12 Sept Swamp (non-animal) Circus Festival at Devonshire Green, Sheffield. All vegan food.

Details: 0742 731398.

11 Sept Porton Down Warfare Research Protest, 7 miles east of Salisbury. Meet Main Gate on A30, 1pm. Details: 0722 327146 or 0935 25195.

Save the Sunflower

The Sunflower Volunteer Vegan Cafe has, for 8^2 years, provided not only a 100% vegan cafe for the people of Manchester, but has also taken free or cheap food to demonstrations, meetings etc. all over the country.

In September, when its current lease expires, the cafe faces a 61% rent rise. This has prompted a decision to buy a property and consequently investors are being sought to raise around £70,000.

A competitive rate of interest is offered and the knowledge that the money is being used in the best possible taste!

Details: Sunflower Volunteer Vegan Cafe, 153 Old Street, Ashton-u-Lyne, Manchester. 061 339 3332.

Close to the Edge

Close to the Edge, a co-operative specializing in outside vegan catering, donates its profits to Plants for a Future — the land based project that researches and experiments with vegan-organic permaculture. To boo op

CFCs

Cruelty-Free Companions (CFCs) is run by unpaid volunteers as a non-profit making service to link those seeking friends or partners who believe in a 'cruelty-free' lifestyle. For a registration form send three loose first class stamps to: Box CFC, Rainbow Centre, 180 Mansfield Rd, Nottingham NG1 3HW. VEGA

Vegetarian Economy & Green Agriculture has been formed to research, inform and campaign.

Details: VEGA, Box 39, Godalming, Surrey GU8 6BT. More Discounts

• Cafe Pushkar, 16c Market Row, Brixton, London SW9 8LD. 10%.

• CV Bureau — Gillian Fairclough, Sherbourne, 7 Main Drive, Halsnead Pk, Whiston, nr Prescot, Merseyside L35 3PT. 10% waged, 20% unemployed.

• Fungus Mungus Cafe, 34 St Peters St, Canterbury, Kent.

10%.

• Reflexology — David Fairclough, Sherbourne, 7 Main Drive, Halsnead Pk, Whiston, nr Prescot, Merseyside L35 3PT. 10%.

• Stredders Vegetarian Guest House, Park Crescent, Llandrindod Wells, Powys LD1 6AB. 0597 822186. Two night breaks for couples for £80 (or singles at £44).

• Surbiton Whole Foods, 14 Claremont Rd, Surbiton, Surrey KT6 4QU. 081 399 2772.10%.

Second Edition

Building Bodies

Vegetarian & Vegan Bodybuilding aims to chart the progress of members' muscle gains and have it documented.

There is no membership fee and services to be offered include contacts, discounts and advice.

Send an SAE to: Vegetarian & Vegan Bodybuilding, Sherbourne, 7 Main Drive, Halsnead Pk, Whiston, Prescot, Merseyside L35 3PT.

The second edition of the booklet 'Boots — The High Street Vivisectors' is available for 50p and a first class stamp from: Nottingham Animal Rights, 180 Mansfield Rd, Nottingham NG1 3HW. 0602 585666.

Pet Shops

Animal Aid is asking people to visit their local pet shops and complete a survey form in preparation for a campaign in early 1994. Send an SAE for further details/forms to: Animal Aid, 7 The Vegan. Summer 1993

Castle St, Tonbridge, Kent TN9 1BH. 0732 364546.

Video Releases

• Livestock Markets — "rough cut version" of welfare infringements observed by Animal Aidsponsored investigators. Send £20 to: Animal Aid, 7 Castle St, Tonbridge, Kent TN9 1BH. • A Painful Luxury — foie gras production. Send £9 to: EarthKind, Humane Education Centre, Bounds v d Green Rd, London N22 £ JO^^FX 4EU. 081 889 f ^ ^ & l Local Groups

(See also 'Contacts News')

Information

Vegan Magazines. In addition to The Vegan — the official organ of the Vegan Society — the following independent publications may be of interest: Vegan Views 6 Hayes Avenue, Bournemouth BH7 7AD. An informal quarterly with articles, interviews, news, reviews, letters, cartoon strip. Subscription rate for four issues: £2.40 (Europe and surface mail overseas: £2.80).

New Leaves 41 Highlands Road, Leatherhead. Surrey KT22 8NQ. Quarterly journal of the Movement for Compassionate Living — The Vegan Way (see below).

Annual subscription: £3.00.

Cheques/POs payable to: 'Movement for Compassionate Living'.

Y Figan Cymreig (The Wales 31 The Vegan. Summer 1993

Vegan) Bronyr Ysgol, Montpelier, Llandrindod, Powys, Wales. Bilingual quarterly. Annual subscription: £1.50.

The Vegan Business Connection has reformed and would be pleased to hear from anyone interested in s ng

network between people who are interested in living in a vegan community and to establish one or more such communities. While some of its members seek merely to live close to other vegans, others wish to establish a vegan land project or centre for the promotion of a vegan lifestyle. Newsletter subscription 2.00.

The Vegan Families Contact List provides a link between The Vegan Bikers Association parents throughout the UK seeking to raise their children in aims to promote veganism accordance with vegan princiamongst motorcyclists and set up a fund for the purchase and ples. To receive a copy of the list and have your name added distribution of alternatives to to a future edition, please write leather. Newslette to the Vegan Society — marking your envelope 'Vegan Families Contact List', enclosing an SAE, and giving your name, address and names and The Vegan Community Project exists to form a contact dates of birth of children.

The Movement for Compassionate Living — the Vegan Way seeks to spread compassionate understanding and to simplify lifestyles by promoting awareness of the connections between the way we live and the way others suffer, and between development, consumption and the destruction

Vegans International co-ordinates the promotion of veganism, encourages the formation of new organizations, and organizes an annual vegan festival.

Contact:

Vegan Contacts Abroad.

For a listing, send an SAE to the Vegan Society marked 'Vegan Contacts Abroad'.

Classified

/

Alston (0434)

ACCOMMODATION

FREE ACCOMMODATION offered for help on small animal sanctuary, rural Wales, non smoking vegan/veggie, mature attitude, willing to work- Box no. 26S.

ANIMAL CARE

MEAT-FREE CATS! Vegan supple ments for home-made recipes. SAE: Katz Go Vegan, 7 Battle Road, St Leonards-onSea, East Sussex TN37 7AA.

EATING OUT

THE BAY TREE the vegetarian cafe Open every day (except Monday) 10am-9pm

All food is dairy and egg free.

ST IVES, Cornwall vegetarian/vegan guesthouse overlooking St Ives Bay, close to Carbis Bay's beautiful golden sands, station and St Ives picturesque harbour.

Delicious vegan/vegetarian menus, ensuite rooms, tea making facilities, centra

SCOTTISH HIGHLANDS Near Kyle of Lochalsh, vegan B&B in modem bungalow with spectacular views. Ideal centre for exploring Skye and B SHROPSHIRE. BenUey House. 18C house in unspoilt countryside, close Ludlow, Strettons, Ironbridge. Exclusively vegetarian/vegan wholefood. Vegan proprietors. Central heating. No smoking.

B&B, EM, packed lunches. Tel. 05887 255.

403 Great Western Road, Kelvinbridge, Glasgow. Tel: 041 334 5898 a workers' co-operative

SOMERSET. Exclusively vegetarian guest house. All meals vegan. Bordering Devon and Dorset. It is an ideal base for touring, walking or relaxing in our 16th century house. Crewkerne 0460 73112.

FOR SALE

STAY VEGAN IN WEST CORK. Self contained accommodation with self catering facilities and en suite bathrooms.

Peaceful wooded surroundings. Ideal for touring, cycling or walking. Green Lodge, Trawnamadree, Ballylickey, Bantry. Tel. 010 353 27 66146.

REBOUND EXERCISER (bouncer), 40 inch d st WHOLEFOOD vegetarian/vegan guesthouse in North Pennines. Established four years. Spectacular setting. Potential for expansion. For details 0434 381013.

VEGAN MAIL ORDER BUSINESS

Unique production, no competition, sole UK distributor.

Good expansion potential.

Excellent profits (full-time income for part-time work). Established 3 years. Owner emigrating. £12,000+ SAV (approx. £10,000).

Box no. 264

HOLIDAY ACCOMMODATION

BODMIN 3 miles. Vegan B&B in charming restored cottage; country location: central all coasts, moors, nature reserves. En suite facilities. TV 'kettle' all rooms (0208)872316.

COMFORTABLE homely lochside Victorian House. Glorious views. Tasty

.

CORNWALL. Spacious self-contained holiday flat over-looking picturesque estuary, sleeps 4, vegan owners. SAE: Blackatter, Meadow-lands, The Sailings, Letant, TR26 3DL (0736) 752418.

MID WALES. StaylitUe (Centre Alternative Technology, Machynlleth, 15 miles). Vegan/vegetarian B&B. Nonsmoking B&B £1 lpppn. Optional evening meal £6.50. Tel 05516 425.

NORTH PENNINES. Wholefood vegetarian/vegan guesthouse. E.M. Licensed.

No smoking. Tea/coffee/washbasins all rooms. Spectacular scenery. Brochure

32

SUPERB B&B accommodation (vegans/vegetarians catered for) in real lighthouse. Wedge-shaped rooms, waterbed room, flotation tank, pyramid meditation room & W. Reich's orgone accumulator. Great for couples or small groups. Very peaceful & relaxing. Tel: (0633)810126.

SWANSEA VALLEY. Double or twin bedded room ensuite living room. Well located including breakfast (vegan), £12.50p.p. Optional evening meal £6.50.

0792 830586.

VEGAN B&B. 4 miles south of Kendal.

Strictly no smoking. Children welcome.

Packed lu ilWHITBY. Falcon Guesthouse. B&B, vegan/vegetarian. Quiet location, seven minutes walk from centre and harbour.

Lounge and sunny breakfast room. Parking on street near house. Tea making equipment. £12 (child reductions). Tel. 0947 603507.

YORKSHIRE DALES. Sansbury Place, Settle. Small, friendly vegetarian/vegan guesthouse. H , non-smoking.

r

^CATOINJ

1

Enjoy a relaxing holiday amidst beautiful coastal and moorland scenery - ideal for walking. Spacious Edwardian house overlooking Porlock Bay. Excellent traditional, vegetarian and vegan food. Log fires on chilly evenings. All bedrooms ensuite with tea/coffee making facilities. Special weekend breaks.

Tel 0 6 4 3 862289

j

Quiet Country Hotel overlooking beautiful tidal estuary and bird sanctuary.

Britain's oldest vegetarian/vegan hotel is family owned and stands in its own grounds close to beaches and unspoilt coastal walks. Superb cuisine and friendly personal service. Some rooms with shower/wc en suite.

For further information and brochure t , Lelant, STIVES, Cornwall. Tel 0736 753147.

OranNaMc

Nottingham NG15 6FU. Trade enquiries welcome.

LIQUID CONCENTRATE is the biodegradable liquid soap derived from coconut oil, which is free of animal products and animal testing. SAE for details: Dept EV, Janco Sales, 11 Seymour Road, Hampton Hill, Middlesex TW12 1DD.

ALCHURING A Hand made to measure footwear for women and men in breathable top quality synthetic material.

ara

Breathtaking views from this warm and welcoming non-smoking guest house set amongst the finest scenery in Britain. Ideally situated on the coast of Wester Ross, we offer spacious accommodation, delicious vegan and vegetarian food and lovely views across Lock Ewe from every room.

Perfect for touring, walking, bird watching or just relaxing with our shelves of books. Self catering flat ana caravan also available.

Cat: sae to Unit 2, Stable Cottage, Derry Ormond Park, Betws Bledrws, Lampeter, Dyfed.

SA48 8PA.

MISCELLANEOUS

FASTING WALKS for better health. In groups. Only liqui nines.

*/c

b&b LAKE DISTRICT

BEECHMOUNT Hear Sawrey, Ambleside, Cumbria, LA22 OLB

Vegetarian/vegan B&B, delightful country house accommodation. Situated in Beatrix Potter's picturesque village of Near Sawrey with its olde worlde inn, 2 miles from Hawkshead, Lake Windermere (car ferry) 2.miles. Delicious breakfast lovely bedrooms with tea/coffee, TV, etc, and panoramic views over Esthwaite Water. Ideal centre for lakes, tarns, fells and Grizedale Forest. Ambleside, Coniston and Bowness only a short distance aw?v

Tel.

BLACKPOOL

WILDLIFE HOTEL

HELP! Vegan animal rights campaigner desperately needs sponsorship/financial support to train to become a solicitor to work for the animal rights movement. I am a final year law student and have been offered a place at law school commencing in September 1993. The costs will be approx £10,000. Donations, sponsorship, nsidered.

JOIN US on the 8th Bike Ride for Nicaragua! 45 miles around the woods, villages and lesser hills of Surrey, with 25 mile option. 50% of proceeds to bi lingual education projects on Nicaraguan Atlantic coast. Details from NSC, 129 Seven Sisters Road, N7 7QG. 071 272 9619.

VEGFAM feeds the hungry — vegetable foodstuffs, leaf protein, horticulture, irrigation, afforestation etc. The Sanctuary, Nr Lydford, Okehampton. Devon EX20 4AL. Tel. 0822 82203.

PERSONAL

Licensed. 100% non-meat.

Small friendly hotel.

(Exclusively vegan/vegetarian. Special diets catered for — all freshly made.)

No smoking throughout.

Situated two minutes from the sea.

Near all the attractions. Parking available.

39 Woodfleld Road, Blackpool FY1 6AX. Tel. 0253 46143.

MAIL ORDER

AROMATHERAPY, crystal gemstones & jewellery. Send SAE for our free catalogue to: Essence of life, 45 Walton Road, Chaddesden. Derby DE21 6QE. FOOTWEAR Over twenty styles of shoes, boots and sandals available. New vegan company. Send for brochure.

T'arus, 107 The Drive, Wellingborough, Nonhants NN8 2DD. 0933 277964.

HIGH QUALITY original vegan perfumes and toiletries. Send SAE for latest brochure or £2.40 for a trial size bottle of our new "AMETHYST MIST' perfume to: DOLMA, 19 Rovce Avenue, Hucknall,

The Vegan. Summer 1993

wording of such ads reflects this.

PROFESSIONAL CV WRITING and ancillary services to m

SITUATIONS VACANT

DEDICATED VEGAN wanted for a women's co-op cafe. Commitment necessary and experience preferred. Apply to The Bay Tree, 403 Great Western Road, Glasgow G4 9HY.

SITUATIONS WANTED

ALL LINEAGE AND SEMI-DISPLAY ADS MUST BE PRE-PAID

RATES AND CONDITIONS

All prices inclusive of VAT

Series discount: (4 consecutive insertions prepaid): 10% Box No: (per insertion) £2.00 extra Lineage Commercial: £6.00 for 20 words (minimum) Additional words: 35p each Non-commercial: £4.50 for 20 words (minimum) Additional words: 25p each Semi-display (boxed) Commercial: £6.60 per single column centimetre Non-commercial: £4.95 per single column centimetre Typesetting service (if required): £2.00 PAYMENT Pre-payment please by cheque or postal order made payable to 'The Vegan Society'.

CONTACT CL<HT%E CONTACT CENTRE is a caring, so lowfees friendship agency, quite different from all others catering exclusively for vegans and vegetarians both in Britain and abroad for any purposes.

CONTACT CENTRE enables you to choose friend(s) from detailed adverts and/or to write an advert yourself without disclosing your name and address.

CONTACT CENTRE gives full scope to your individual requirements: you don't even have to complete a form. Instead a friendly ear is leant to every member.

As we cannot tell all in this advertisment, please write for membership details from:

CO^T^CT

CEO&RtE

(MV)

BCM Cuddle, London WC1V 6XX

PUBLICATIONS

AHIMSA. Quarterly magazine of the American Vegan Society. Veganism, Natural Living, Reverence for Life.

Calendar Year subscription £12. Address: 501 Old Harding Highway, Malaga, NJ 08328, USA. THE VEGETARIAN Guide to Ireland 1993. Lists B&B's, restaurants that cater for vegans, 21 new entries this year. Please send £2.35 (inc p&p) payable to 'Vegetarian Guides', East Clare Community Co-op, Main St, Scariff, Co. Clare, S. Ireland.

VEGAN GUIDE to Paris by Alex B

e

SERVICES

BARBARA BAILEY, qualified registered medical herbalist and registered Bach Flower Counsellor who also does food allergy testing. Tel Hastings 752376.

IF ANYONE wants anything video filming I may be able to help (I provide my

33 The Vegan. Summer 1993

Eire and overseas: Payment must be by sterling cheque drawn on an British bank or by sterling International Money Order.

PUBLICATION DATES March. June, September, December COPY DATES 25th Jan, 25th April, 25th July, 25th October CONDITIONS OF ACCEPTANCE Advertisements are accepted subject to their satisfying the condition that the products advertised are entirely free from ingredients derived from animals; that neither products nor ingredients have been tested on animals; and that the content of such ads does not promote, or appear to promote, the use of non-vegan commodities. Books, records, tapes etc. mentioned in advertisements should not contain any material contrary to vegan principles.

Advertisements may be accepted from catering establishments that are not run on exclusively vegan lines, provided that vegan meals are available and that the

The submission of an advertisement is deemed to warrant that the advertisement does not contravene any Act of Parliament, nor is it in any other way illegal or defamatory or an infringement of any other party's rights or an infringement of the British Code of Advertising Practice.

The Vegan Society reserves the right to refuse or withdraw any advertisement.

Although every care is taken, the Vegan Society cannot accept liability for any loss or inconvenience incurred as a result of errors in the wording, or the late or nonappearance of an advertisement.

When replying to an advertisement please mention that you saw it in . . .

Final copy date for AUTUMN 1993: 25 July 1993 BOX NUMBERS

When replying to a box number address your envelope as follows: Box No. , The Vegan Society, 7 Battle Road, St Leonards-on-Sea, East Sussex TN37 7AA.

IMPORTANT

Display and semi-display adver-

tising is dealt with by Steve Hack at: Eco Marketing, Queen Anne House, Charlotte Street, Bath Avon BA1 2NE. Tel. 0225 481463.

fofan

\ 1

W

K J

GREAT NORTHERN ANIMAL FESTIVAL Royal Baths, Harrogate 28 Aug 1993 Details: PO Box 8, Bedale, N Yorks DL8 2RY. 0677 4229

LIVING WITHOUT CRUELTY EXHIBITION

Assembly Rooms, George St, Edinburgh 9-11 July 1993 Contact: Advocates for Animals, 10 Queensferry St, Edinburgh EH2 4PG. 031 225 6039.

CLASSIFIED ADVERTISEMENT ORDER FORM Please insert the following advertisement in the next

(LINEAGE)

issue/s of The Vegan under the heading (Please use capital letters)

2

1

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

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17

18

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20

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30 35

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50

Continue on a separate sheet if necessary. This form may be

•

Box No. (£2.00 extra). Tick if required

I enclose cheque/PO for £ Name Tel. No.

photocopied.

Lineage charges. See Rates and Conditions'.

•

Copy. (£1.50). I require a copy of The Vegan in which my ad. will appear

payable to The Vegan Society Ltd.' Address Date

Post code

Signature

Return to: The Advertising Manager, The Vegan Society, 7 Battle Road, St Leonards-on-Sea, East Sussex TN37 7AA. (Tel. 0424 427393)

SOCIETY

Promoting a diet free from all animal produce and a more compassionate way of living that seeks to avoid exploiting animals for any purpose

WHERE THERE'S A WILL THERE'S A WAY

34

A

There must be many readers who would like to offer financial support to the Vegan Society in its unique work but have limited means at their disposal. There is, however, an easy way of helping regardless of present circumstances — by including a legacy to the Society in your Will. Great or small, such legacies can make a real and enduring contribution to the promotion of vegan ideals.

For those who would like to make a bequest to the Society the following form of words is suggested:

The Editor invites authors, artists and cartoonists to submit material for possible publication in The Vegan. Negotiable fees payable for work of suitable quality.

/ bequeath to the Vegan Society, Regi.sti red Charity no. | 279228, presently at 7 Battle Road. St Leonards-on-Sea, East Sussex TN37 7AA, the sum of £ . and declare that the receipt of the Trea surer or other authorized officer of the said Society shall be good arul sufficient discharge of such legacy.

Please write to: The Editor, The Vegan, 7 Battle Road, St Leonards-on-Sea, East Sussex TN37 7AA.

Property left to the Society is another valuable contribution to our cause. If you wish to will land or property to I Society, please write for details of how to arrange this.

MSS or other original work submitted to be accompanied by an SAE. The Vegan. Summer 1993

j

The Vegan Society

WINTER DRAW

Ye^n SOCIETY

GRAND

The Winners

CRUELTY-FREE

DRAW 1993 1st prize: £1,000

2nd prize: £250

1st prize £300 +hamper

G Barker, Wolverhampton 067590

3rd prize: £100

2nd prize £150 +hamper

A Davenport, Manchester

+ 1 0 consolation prizes of £10 To be drawn on Monday 1 November 1993

067200

For tickets please ring 0424 427393 Ticket stubs and monies must be returned by

3rd prize £100 + hamper

Cheques/POs should be made payable to 'The Vegan Society'

Thanks to all of you who sold tickets!

Friday 29 October 1993

G O O D

L U C K !

S Bates, Leicester 039979

The Vegan Society

CLUB DRAW RESULTS February 1993 1st 2nd 3rd

202 378 376

PGHurd Helen Williamson Mrs J M Tod

£41.25 £24.75 £16.50

R & N Newington T & M Burnett Ashley Raven

£38.25 £22.95 £15.30

110 C Brotherton 406 Miss S M London 3 A P Theobald

£36.00 £21.60 £14.40

March 1993 1st 2nd 3rd

309 379 231

April 1993 1 st 2nd 3rd

35 The Vegan. Summer 1993

society

CLUB DRAW

Cash prizes every month!

If you'd like to make a regular contribution to support the Vegan Society's work and stand a chance of winning a cash prize every month, then the Society's Club Draw is for you.

Each month, three cash prizes—comprising 50% of that month's total entry money—are drawn. A monthly entry is £1.50 but you may make as many entries as you wish. The draw takes place on the last working day of the month. A list of winners is published in The Vegan.

To take part just complete the form below and enclose your remittance for 3, 6 or 12 months as required. Don't worry about forgetting to renew—you will be reminded in good time!

CLUB DRAW ENTRY FORM

Name Address

Post code Tel. Please enter me for entry/ies for months I enclose a cheque/PO payable to 'The Vegan Society' for f 3 MONTHS - £4.50 6 MONTHS - £9.00 12 MONTHS - £18.00 Return to: Club Draw Organizer, The Vegan Society, 7 Battle Road, St Leonards-on-Sea, East Sussex TN37 7AA. (0424) 427393.

Promoting a diet free from all animal produce and a more compassionate way of living that seeks to avoid exploiting animals for any purpose

MEMBERSHIP APPLICATION

Block letters please Name

Address

Post code Profession/Skills

Tel.

Signature

Tick as appropriate: • I am interested in veganism and enclose a large SAE for an Information Pack • I adhere to a vegan diet and wish to become a Vegan Society member. I undertake to abide by the Society's Memorandum and Articles of Association (£2 or may be viewed without charge at the Society's office) • Although not a vegan I support the Society's aims and wish to become an associate member • Individual £15 • Family/Joint £20 Q Unwaged individual £10 Q Unwaged family/joint £14 • Junior (under 18) £8 • Life £250 • Donation I enclose cheque/PO payable to The Vegan Society' for £ (£ membership + £ donation).

Return to: The Vegan Society, 7 Battle Road, St Leonards-onSea, East Sussex TN37 7AA

VEGAN

CRUELTY F R E E BOOTS

SYNTHETIC LEATHER BOOT

SYNTHETIC FABRIC BOOT

• Totally new design • Waterproof & Breathable • Synthetic one-piece uppers • Top quality vibram sole • £53.00 — Black

• Improved yet again • Tougher, even more comfortable • Harder wearing sole • Synthetic suede/nylon uppers • £45.00 — Dark/Olive green

TOUGH, COMFORTABLE & LIGHTWEIGHT

• Ideal for HIKING, THE STREET'. SABBING, etc.

• Available in sizes 34 to 47 (2 to 12). send outline of your feet • Price includes postage & packing (no hidden extras) • If not completely satisfied, return unused for a refund (less p&p) or exchange for different size

ETHICAL WARES, Dept. V, 119 Whitby Road, Bradford BD8 9JJ Tel (0274) 483390 we are a vegan, ethically based company

Deed of Covenant

A Deed of Covenant substantially increases your gift or subscription to the Vegan Society at no extra cost to yourself, because the Society is able to claim the income tax that you have paid.

Provided you are a taxpayer, the Society can claim an additional 33p (at current tax rates) for every pound you covenant.

The Deed need only apply for four years, assuring the Society of a regular income so that it can plan for the future. It is easy to complete and once made you only have to sign a claim form which we send you in the first year.

HOW YOUR CONTRIBUTION GROWS Here are some examples: Annual Amounts £

10.00 50.00 75.00

Tax Rebate £

3.33 16.66 25.00

Benefits over 4 years £

53.22 266.64 400.00

If you wish to make a single donation, the Society can gain the same tax benefit if you use a Deposit Covenant.

For futher information, please contact: The Office Manager, Vegan Society, 7 Battle Road, St Leonards-on-Sea, East Sussex TN37 7AA.

BARCHESTER INSURANCE & INVESTMENT PENSIONS & INVESTMENTS FOR VEGANS Advice from Rob Yellowhammer, a life member of the Vegan Society, and independent financial adviser.

Funds avoiding investment in all animal products and cruelty are available for:

• Personal and group pensions (including transfers) • PEP savings plans (from £50 per month) • Capital investment with or without income Barchester Green Investment 5 Regent Street Leamington Spa CV32 5HW Tel. 0 9 2 6 8 3 2 0 1 4

Remember, the price of units can fall as well as rise and past performance is not a guarantee for the future