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MassInfraRed(IR),UltraViolet(UV)SpectroscopyandMassSpectrometry(MS)V-VIIFirstlecturesareaimedatprovidingabasicintroductiontotheuseof IRandUVinOrganicUVSpectroscopyTheSpectroscopicProcessInUVspectroscopy,thesampleisirradiatedwiththebroadspectrumoftheUVradiationIf aparticularelectronictransitionAnultravioletspectrumisrecordedbyirradiatingasamplewithUVlightofcontinuouslychangingwavelengthNMRspectroscopy ConjugatedπelectronsystemsWhenthewavelengthcorrespondstotheenergylevelrequiredto•Infrared(IR)Spectroscopy(Sections)Ultraviolet-visible(UVVis)Spectroscopy(Section)Mass(MS)spectrometry(notreallyspectroscopy)SpectroscopyANALYTICALCHEMISTRYIIISEMESTER–PAPER–PreparedbyVijayaLakshmisadaGuestfacultyTherearethreetypesofelectronsinorganicusedinNuclearMagneticResonancespectroscopyNMRtheory()A AllnucleiwithunpairedprotonsorneutronsaremagneticallyactivetheyhaveamagneticFigureSo,ifwestarttomeasuretheUVspectraofabunchof compounds,westarttoseeevidenceofthatconjugationphenomenonfromtheindigoandcarotene.ItØSinceπ-electronsaremostlooselyboundinanorganic molecule,UVspectroscopyyieldsalotofinformationaboutthedegreeofunsaturationinamolecule.Theultravioletregionoftheelectromagneticspectrum extendsfromtheshort-wavelengthendofthevisibleregion(4×–7m)tothelong-wavelengthendoftheX-rayregion(–8m),butthenarrowrangefrom× ApplicationsofUVspectroscopyinorganicandbiologicalchemistryWhileinteractionwithinfraredlightcausesmoleculestoundergovibrationaltransitions,the shorterwavelength,higherenergyradiationintheUV(nm)andvisible(nm)rangeoftheelectromagneticspectrumcausesmanyorganicmoleculestoundergo electronicV-VIIUVspectroscopyThisshouldenableyoutointerpret(andevenpredictkeyfundamentalfeaturesof)IRandUVspectraofsimpleorganic moleculesasasupportingmethodtoidentifyingtheirstructuresAfterfirstreviewingsomebasicinformationaboutthepropertiesoflightandintroducingthebasic ideasbehindspectroscopy,wewillmovetoadiscussionofinfrared(IR)spectroscopy,atechniquewhichisusedinorganicchemistrytodetectthepresenceor absenceofcommonfunctionalgroupsFirstlecturesareaimedatprovidingabasicintroductiontotheuseofIRandUVinOrganicChemistryEachtimeweadda doublebondtoaconjugatedsystem,thewavelengthoflightabsorbedincreasesorganicchemistrywearemainlyconcernedwithenergyabsorptionfromonly ultravioletandvisible,infrared,microwaveandradiofrequencyregionsStructureandReactivityinOrganic,BiologicalandInorganicChemistryII:Practical AspectsofStructurePurificationandSpectroscopyUltraviolet-VisibleUV-visiblespectroscopy:Itcanprovideinformationaboutthepresenceofunsaturationinthe moleculeaswellasthepresenceofcertainfunctionalgroupsUltraviolet–visiblespectroscopy(λnm)studiesthechangesinelectronicenergylevelswithinthe moleculearisingduetotransferofelectronsfromπornon-bondingorbitalsThisinteractiongivesspecificstructuralFunctionalgroupspresentCarbon–hydrogen framework.ØWhenthewavelengthofthetransitionexceedstheUVrange,basedonthesameprinciple,eventhecoloursofmoleculescanbeexplainedonthe basisofabsorptionofvisiblelight•Infrared(IR)Spectroscopy(Sections)Ultraviolet-visible(UV-Vis)Spectroscopy(Section)Mass(MS)spectrometry(not reallyspectroscopy)(Section)MolecularSpectroscopy:theinteractionofelectromagneticradiation(light)withmatter(organiccompounds)