Asian American and Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander Heritage Month
May 2023
Theme
“Advancing Leaders Through Opportunity”
A Proclamation on Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander Heritage Month, 2023 - The White House

Theme:
According to the Federal Asian Pacific American Council (FAPAC), the theme for (AANHPI) AAPI Heritage Month 2022 is “Advancing Leaders Through Opportunity.” The FAPAC encourages local and national governments to prioritize collaboration, development, diversity, transparency, and inclusion through leadership training of (AANHPI) AAPI people.
Why the Date of (AANHPI) AAPI Heritage Month is Significant
The month of May was chosen for AAPI Heritage Month because it commemorates the immigration of the first Japanese people to the United States on May 7, 1843. May is also a significant month because it recognizes Golden Spike Day, May 10, 1869, which marks the completion of the transcontinental railroad that was built with significant contributions from Chinese workers. - by
Minhae Shim RothThe O ce of Diversity and Community Engagement
https://uvahealth.com/about/diversity

The Origins of Asian American and South Pacific Islander Heritage Month:
The e ort to o cially recognize Asian American and Pacific Islander contributions to the United States began in the late 1970s, and took over 10 years to make it a permanent month-long celebration.
In 1977, New York representative Frank Horton introduced House Joint Resolution 540, which proposed proclaiming the first 10 days of May as Asian/Pacific American Heritage Week. Hawaii Senator Daniel Inouye introduced a similar joint resolution the same year. When the resolutions did not pass, Representative Horton introduced House Joint Resolution 1007 the following year, which requested the president to proclaim a week during the first 10 days of May starting in 1979, including May 7 and 10, as Asian/Pacific American Heritage Week.
After the House and the Senate passed the Resolution, President Jimmy Carter signed it into Public Law 95-419 on October 5, 1978. From 1980 to 1990, each president passed annual proclamations for Asian/Pacific American Heritage Week. In 1990, Congress expanded the observance from a week to a month. May was annually designated as Asian/Pacific American Heritage Month in 1992 under the George H. W. Bush administration with the passing of Public Law 102-540. Asian/Pacific American Heritage Month was renamed as AAPI Heritage Month in 2009.
The O ce of Diversity and Community Engagement
https://uvahealth.com/about/diversity

Why Do We Celebrate AAPI Heritage Month?
Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders have contributed significantly to many facets of American culture and society, including science and medicine, literature and art, sports and recreation, government and politics, and activism and law. In 2021, Kamala Harris became the first Asian American Vice President of the United States. In film history, AAPI people, stories, and traditions have become more visible with South Korean director Bong Joon Ho’s Parasite winning the Academy Award for Best Picture in 2019 and the release of Shang-Chi and the Legend of the Ten Rings in 2021, debuting Marvel’s first Asian superhero.
AAPI people have a long history in the United States, despite the stereotype that they are “perpetual foreigners,” the idea that Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders are inherently foreign, other, and not truly American. According to the Bering Land Bridge Theory, Asians first migrated to what is now known as North America over 15,000 years ago through a land bridge between Asia and North America. In the 16th century, Filipinos who were escaping forced labor and enslavement during the Spanish galleon trade immigrated to North America, eventually establishing a settlement in St. Malo, Louisiana in 1763. During the California Gold Rush of the 1850s, a wave of Asian immigrants came to the West Coast and provided labor for gold mines, factories, and the transcontinental railroad. In 1882, Congress enacted the Chinese Exclusion Act, which banned Chinese immigration for 20 years.
Japanese and Koreans began immigrating to the United States by 1885 to replace Chinese labor in railroad construction, farming, and fishing. However, in 1907, Japanese immigration was restricted by a “Gentlemen’s Agreement” between the United States and Japan. The civil rights movement assisted in the liberalization of immigration laws. The 1965 Immigration and Nationality Act changed restrictive national origin quotas and allowed for large numbers of
The O ce of Diversity and Community Engagement
https://uvahealth.com/about/diversity

Asians and Pacific Islanders to come to the United States with their families. In the mid-1970s, refugees from Southeast Asia like Vietnam, Cambodia, and Laos came to the United States to flee war, violence, and hardship.
Today, Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders are the fastest-growing racial group in the United States. AAPI Heritage Month celebrates the unique journey of all AAPI immigrants and citizens in the United States and their unique life experiences, traditions, and cultures
Anti-Asian Racism
Since their immigration to the United States, Asians have been met with xenophobia, racism, bias and violence. Chinese workers were abused, robbed and murdered in San Francisco in the 1850s. In 1854, the California Supreme Court ruled in People v. Hall that people of Asian descent could not testify against a white person in court, meaning that white people could avoid punishment for anti-Asian crimes.
During World War II, from 1942-1945, people of Japanese descent were incarcerated in internment camps across the nation. In 1982, Chinese American Vincent Chin was murdered by two white men in Detroit because they believed Asians were taking auto industry jobs from whites. In March 2021, a man shot and murdered six women of Asian descent at three spas in the Atlanta area.
At the beginning of the Covid-19 pandemic, racist and xenophobic rhetoric about the origins of the virus led to a spike in anti-Asian racism and violence, with AAPI people of all ages and cultures being verbally and physically harassed and murdered in cities across the United States. As a response to the rise in anti-Asian violence, the AAPI Equity Alliance, Chinese for A rmative Action, and the Asian American Studies Department of San Francisco State
The O ce of Diversity and Community Engagement
https://uvahealth.com/about/diversity

University launched the Stop AAPI Hate coalition on March 19, 2020. The coalition tracks and responds to violence, hate, harassment, discrimination, shunning and bullying of AAPI people.

In January 2021, the White House released a “Memorandum Condemning and Combating Racism, Xenophobia, and Intolerance Against Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders in the United States,” acknowledging their role in furthering xenophobic sentiments and proposing ways to prevent discrimination, harassment, bullying, and hate crimes against AAPI individuals. AAPI Heritage
Month 2022 commemorates the victims of the 2021 spa shootings along with all other Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders who have been lost to anti-Asian violence during the pandemic and throughout history.
Timelines
AAPI Heritage Month History
● June 30, 1977: The origin of AAPI Heritage Month dates back to the 95th Congress (1977-1978) when five joint resolutions were introduced proposing that a week in May be designated to commemorate the accomplishments of AAPIs. The House of Representatives introduced three joint resolutions (H.J.Res.540, H.J.Res.661, H.J.Res.753) to designate the first 10 days in May as "Pacific/Asian American Heritage Week" while Senator Daniel Inouye also introduced S.J.Res.72 in the Senate to designate the beginning of May as "Pacific/Asian American Heritage Week." A 4th joint resolution (H.J.Res.1007) was introduced in the House by Rep. Frank J. Horton and proposed designating 7 days in May beginning on May 4th as Asian/Pacific American Week. This joint resolution was passed by Congress and became Pub.L.95-419. This law directed the President to
The O ce of Diversity and Community Engagement
https://uvahealth.com/about/diversity
issue a proclamation designating the week beginning on May 4, 1979 as "Asian/Pacific American Heritage Week."
● March 28, 1979: President Carter issued Proclamation 4650, the first presidential proclamation, for Asian/Pacific American Heritage Week. In this proclamation, President Carter spoke of the significant role Asian/Pacific Americans have played in the creation of a dynamic and pluralistic American society with their contributions to the sciences, arts, industry, government, and commerce. Over the next ten years, Presidents Carter, Reagan, and George H.W. Bush continued to annually issue proclamations designating a week in May as Asian/Pacific American Heritage Week.
● May 7, 1990: President George H.W. Bush issued Presidential Proclamation 6130 designating May 1990 as the first “Asian/Pacific American Heritage Month.”
● May 9, 1990: Congress passed Pub.L.101-283 which amended Pub.L.95-419. Pub.L.101-283 requested the President to issue a proclamation that expanded the observance of Asian/Pacific American Heritage Week to a month in May 1990. This law called on the people of the United States to observe Asian/Pacific American Heritage Month with “appropriate ceremonies, programs, and activities.”
● May 14, 1991: Pub.L.102-42 was passed unanimously by Congress and signed by President George H.W. Bush. This law requested that the President proclaim May 1991 and May 1992 as “Asian/Pacific American Heritage Months.” This law also recognized the significance of May 7th and May 10th in the history of Asian/Pacific Americans. May 7, 1843 is the date on which the first Japanese immigrants arrived in the United States while on May 10, 1869 the first transcontinental railroad in the United States was completed with significant contributions from Chinese pioneers.
● October 23, 1992: Congress passed Pub.L.102-450 which permanently designated May of each year as “Asian/Pacific American Heritage Month.” Pursuant to Pub. L. 102-450 Presidents Clinton, George W. Bush, Obama, and Trump have annually issued proclamations designating May as Asian American and Pacific Islander Heritage The O ce of Diversity and Community Engagement
https://uvahealth.com/about/diversity

Asian American Timeline - Immigration, Achievements & Famous Firsts
The AAPI Community at UVA
‘A Race So Di erent’: Asians and Asian Americans in UVA’s History
Student Initiatives - Asian and Asian Pacific American Alumni Network
Acknowledging AAPI in Nursing and Medicine:
16 AAPI Nurses To Know For Asian Pacific American Heritage Month | NurseJournal
Asian American Psychological Association

Notable Asian/Pacific American Physicians in U.S. History
Haing S. Ngor, MD
Dr. Haing Ngor was a gynecologist and obstetrician in Cambodia before being forced into a prison camp under the brutal Khmer Rouge regime in 1975. Though he su ered four years of torture, starvation, and exhaustion, he kept himself alive with his medical knowledge. He was unable to save his wife who perished during child birth, because anyone thought to be an intellectual was killed. Hundreds of thousands of educated people were tortured and executed during this time and two million other victims died from starvation, disease and overwork during of this reign of terror. Dr. Ngor was finally able to escape in 1979 after the Vietnamese invasion of Cambodia. He worked in refugee camps in Thailand and Los Angeles before being chosen to play Dith Pran in the 1984 film, The Killing Fields, about the horrific ordeal he had experienced. He is the first and only actor of Asian descent to win an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor. He used his newfound fame as a platform to advocate for justice and speak out against leaders of the Khmer Rouge as well as financially support two clinics and a school in his home country.
The O ce of Diversity and Community Engagement
https://uvahealth.com/about/diversity
Abraham Verghese, MDDr. Abraham Verghese is a board certified Indian American physician and Linda R. Meier and Joan F. Lane Provostial Professor, and Vice Chair for the Theory and Practice of Medicine at the School of Medicine at Stanford University. He began his medical training in Ethiopia when his parents were recruited by the Emperor Haile Selassie to teach near the capital. When the emperor was deposed and war broke out, he joined his parents in the United States and worked as an orderly in a hospital, putting his medical education on hold before returning to India to complete his medical degree at Madras Medical College. He completed his internal medicine residency in Johnson City, Tennessee, where he later witnessed the AIDS epidemic firsthand in the 1980s.
“His life took the turn for which he is now so well known – caring for a seemingly unending line of young AIDS patients in an era when little could be done other than help them through their premature and painful deaths. Long before retrovirals, this was often the most a physician could do and it taught [Dr. Verghese] the subtle di erence between healing and curing.” He has written best-sellers about the value of direct patient interaction and physical examination in diagnosing and demonstrating empathy. “I wanted the reader to see how entering medicine was a passionate quest, a romantic pursuit, a spiritual calling, a privileged yet hazardous undertaking,” he said of his most recent book, Cutting for Stone. On September 22, 2016, he received a National Humanities Medal at the White House from President Barack Obama.
Chi-Cheng Huang, MDDr. Chi-Cheng Huang is a board certified hospitalist and pediatrician who went on a life-changing journey when he took a year o from Harvard Medical School. Originally on a “spiritual” mission with a church in Boston, Dr. Huang traveled to La Paz, Bolivia, to work at an orphanage. He soon realized the dire need for both emotional and physical support for thousands of “invisible children” living on the streets and even in the sewers of La Paz. Since many of the children su ered physical abuse from adults, they were not readily trusting of him. So, Dr. Huang went out from 10:00 PM to 2:00 AM, when most of the
The O ce of Diversity and Community Engagement
https://uvahealth.com/about/diversity

children were out, to o er them care. He soon became an important figure in their lives, even as he was becoming physically and mentally burned out by the late hours. The trajectory of his and hundreds of children’s lives changed when, one night, he was treating a child prostitute who asked for three things: a home where she and other children could be safe, Huang’s continued presence in their lives, and for Huang to tell their stories. This led him to found the Bolivian Street Children Project, a non-profit dedicated to sheltering the street children, and to write the book When Invisible Children Sing, detailing his experiences with the children he treated. For his humanitarian work, he has earned awards such as the Taiwanese American Foundation-Asian Pacific Public A airs Division’s Civil Servant of the Year Award (2001), Harvard’s Gold Stethoscope Award for Teaching (2003), and Boston University School of Medicine’s Association of American Medical Colleges Humanism Award (2004).
Asian American, Native Hawaiian & Pacific Islander Pioneers
Throughout History:
● Min Chueh Chang, PhD, was a Chinese American reproductive biologist. Dr. Chang helped develop the birth control pill. He was also a pioneer in developing in vitro fertilization, with his research leading to the birth of the first “test-tube baby.” Learn more about Dr. Chang.
● Margaret Chung, MD, graduated from the University of Southern California Medical School in 1916, becoming the first American-born Chinese female doctor. Initially denied residencies and internships in hospitals, Dr. Chung went on to become an emergency surgeon in Los Angeles, which was extremely unusual for women at the time. In the early 1920s, she helped establish the first Western hospital in San Francisco’s Chinatown. Learn more about Dr. Chung.
● David Ho, MD, is a Taiwanese American physician, researcher and virologist whose scientific contributions improved the understanding and treatment of HIV infection. Dr. Ho’s work included the development of foundational research for modern antiretroviral therapies. Learn more about Dr. Ho.
The O ce of Diversity and Community Engagement
https://uvahealth.com/about/diversity

● Anandi Gopal Joshi, MD, was one of the first Indian women practitioners of Western medicine. Dr. Joshi was the first Hindu and first Indian woman to receive a medical degree in the United States, graduating in 1886. Learn more about Dr. Joshi.
● Katherine Luzuriaga, MD, is a Filipino American physician and pediatric immunologist who was named one of Time’s 100 most influential people in the world in 2013 for being part of a research team that orchestrated a breakthrough that “functionally cures” newborns of AIDS when transmitted from their mother during birth. Dr. Luzuriaga is a professor at the University of Massachusetts, Vice Provost for Clinical and Translational Research at the University of Massachusetts Medical School, and Director of the UMass Center for Clinical and Translational Science. Learn more about Dr. Luzuriaga.


Working Definitions: Foundational Terms
Diversity is the practice or quality of creating a community comprising people of di erent ages, cultural backgrounds, geographies, physical abilities and disabilities, religions, sexes, gender identities, sexual orientations, etc.
Equality means resources are provided so that all individuals have equal access (each person receives exactly the same resources in exactly the same amount).
Equity means that resources are distributed based on the tailored needs of a specific audience. Equity recognizes that some communities will need more or di erent access compared to other communities.
*Equity and equality do not have the same meaning. Equality is based on giving everyone exactly the same resources, while equity involves distributing resources based on the tailored needs of a specific population.
Inclusion is the act or practice of behaviors and social norms that ensure people feel welcome. In the workplace, inclusion is the achievement of a work environment in which all individuals are treated fairly and respectfully, have equal access to opportunities and resources, and can contribute fully to the organization’s success.
Key DEI Terms | SAMHSA

Model Minority
Model minority is a term that refers to a minority group or a member of such a group that is stereotypically viewed as being more successful than other such groups or individuals in terms of education, income, profession, or social values. It is most often applied to Asian Americans. The concept is controversial, as it has historically been used to suggest there is no need for government action to adjust for socioeconomic disparities between certain groups.
The O ce of Diversity and Community Engagement
https://uvahealth.com/about/diversity
Asian Americans As Model Minority: Dismantling The Myth: NPR Why the Model Minority Myth Is So Harmful Health Inequities: refer to avoidable di erences in health between di erent groups of people. These widespread di erences are the result of unfair systems that negatively a ect people’s living conditions, access to healthcare, and overall health status. Health inequity a ects people from disadvantaged or historically oppressed groups most severely. Social Determinants of Health: (SDOH) are the conditions in the environments where people are born, live, learn, work, play, worship, and age that a ects a wide range of health, functioning, and quality-of-life outcomes and risks.
The Five Key Areas of SDOH
1. Economic Stability.
2. Education Access and Quality.
3. Health Care Access and Quality.
4. Neighborhood and Built Environment
5. Social and Community Context
Race-Based Trauma Culture Somatics
Historical Trauma Epigenetics
Post - Traumatic Growth and Resilience
Asian American & Pacific Islander Heritage | Health Equity Features | CDC
The O ce of Diversity and Community Engagement
https://uvahealth.com/about/diversity
