Entered at the Post-Office at University of Richmond, Va., as Second-Class Mail Matter.
BULLETIN
UNIVERSITY OF RICHMOND
RICHMOND, VIRGINIA
1925-1926
SESSION OPENS SEPTEMBER 16, 1925
Morning School in Richmond College Buildings Stop 30, Westhampton Car Line
Evening School in Buildings of T. C. Williams Law School Lombardy and Grace Stteets For Information Address
PROFESSOR R. B. HARRIS 601 North Lombardy Street
No. 5
BULLETIN
UNIVERSITY OF RICHMOND RICHMOND, VIRGINIA
Announcement of The Morning and Evening Schools of
SESSION OPENS SEPTEMBER 16, 1925
Morning School in Richmond College Buildings Stop 30, Westhampton Car Line
Evening School in Buildings of T. C. Williams Law School Lombardy and Grace Streets Fo, · Information Address
PROFESSOR R. B. HARRIS 601 North Lombardy Street
RICHMOND , VIRGINIA
COLLEGE CALENDAR, 1925-1926
FIRST TERM, 1925
SEPTEMBER 15TH-16TH, TUESDAY AND WEDNESDAY.-Entrance Examinations.
SEPTEMBER16TH, WEDNESDAY,9 :00 A. M.-Registration of New Students.
SEPTEMBER 17TH, THURSDAY.-Session begins: registration of Students.
SEPTEMBER18TH, FRIDAY.-Organization of Classes.
SEPTEMBER18TH-19TH, FRIDAY AND SATURDAY.-Special Examinations.
SEPTEMBER21ST, MONDAY,11 :00 A. M.-First Chapel Assembly.
OCTOBER9TH, FRIDAY.-Applications for Degrees Filed.
NOVEMBER26TH, THURSDAY.-Thanksgiving Holiday.
DECEMBER16TH, WEDNESDAY.-Examinations begin.
DECEMBER22ND, TUESDAY, 12 NooN.-Close of First Term.
SECOND TERM, 1926
JANUARY4TH, MONDAY,10:00 A. M.-Second Term begins. JANUARY 4TH-5TH, MONDAY AND TuESDAY.-Special Examinations.
MARCH 15TH, MoNDAY.-Examinations begin.
MARCH 20rH, SATURDAY,12 NooN.-Close of Second Term.
THIRD TERM, 1926
MARCH 29TH , MONDAY,10:00 A. M.-Third Term begins.
MARCH 29TH-30rH, MONDAYAND TuESDAY.-Special Examinations.
MAY 5TH, WEDNESDAY.-M. A. Theses handed in. MAY 31ST, MoNDAY.-Examinations begin.
JUNE 6TH, SUNDAY, 11 :00 A. M.-Baccalaureate Sermon.
JUNE 7TH, MoNDAY.-Class Day Exercises.
JUNE 8TH, TUESDAY.-Annual Meeting of Trustees, Alumni Reunions.
JUNE 9TH, WEDNESDAY,10:30 A. M.-Commencement Day.
Officers of Administration
FREDERICK WILLIAM BOATWRIGHT, M.A., LL. D. President
BENJAMIN WEST TABB, B. A. Vice-President and Treasurer
Morning School Faculty
WILLIAM LOFTIN PRINCE, M. A. Dean and Professor of Education
RALPH B. HARRIS, M. A. Professor of Business Administration
HAYNIE H. SEAY, JR., M.A. Professor of Economics
HENRY BRANTLY HANDY, M. A. Professor of English
CLEMENT T. GOODE, PH. D. Professor of English
SAMUEL CHILES MITCHELL, PH. D., LL. D. Professor of History and Political Science
RoLVIX HARLAN, PH. D. Professor of Sociology and Social Ethics
RoBERT COLLINS AsTROP, M.A. Professor of Psychology
ROBERT EDWIN GAINES, M. A., LITT. D. Professor of Mathematics
ROBERT EDWARD LOVING, PH. D. Professor of Physics 4
GARNETT RYLAND, PH. D. Professor of Chemistry
HORACE EDWIN HAYDEN; JR., M.A. Professor of Biology
CLODIOUS HARRIS WILLIS, B. s. · Professor of Applied Physics
PAUL R. MERRIMAN, M. s. Professor of Botany
EMIL FRANCIS SAVERIO, PH. D. Professor of Romance Languages
CLEMENT ORESTES MEREDITH, PH. D. Professor of German
HUGH SANGER MEAD, A. B. Professor of Business Administration
SIDNEY STEVENS NEGUS, PH. D. Associate Professor of Chemistry
LELAND G. EDINGER, B. s., M.A. Associate Professor of Business Administration
CLARENCE LAIDLAW DODDS, B. A. Assistant Professor of French
VIRGIL R. GOODE, LL. B. Instructor in Business Law
LUTHER E. DRURY, A. B., M.A. Instructor in Business Administration
FRANK M. DOBSON Director of Athletics 5
Evening School Fa culty
(First Two Years' Work Offered in 1925-26)
RALPH B. HARRIS, M . A.
Professor of Business Administration Director of Evening School
H. H. SEAY, JR.
Professor of Business Administration Professor of Economics
HUGH s. MEAD, A. B. Professor of Business Administration
LELAND G. EDINGER, B. s., M.A.
Associate Professor of Business Administration
ROBERT E. LOVING, PH. D. Professor of P lzysics
ROBERT E. GAINES, M. A., LITT. D. Professor of Mathematics 6
ROBERT A. STEWART, PH. D. Instructor in Modern Languages
VIRGIL R. GOODE, LL. B. Instructor in Business Law
LUTHER E. DRURY, A. B., M. A. Instructor in Business Administration
* To be appointed .
*---------Instructor in R eal Estate
General Statement
The twentieth century has witnessed the organization m many American universities of strong departments of business administration, and the number of students in such departments shows steady increase. To a growing extent the fields of banking, transportation, insurance, and industrial management demand highly trained men and women in positions of responsibility, and are asking the universities to meet their requirements. This new and insistent demand for college-trained men and women in business is strengthened by the success of schools of law, medicine, and engineering in giving the specialized training of the school as contrasted with the haphazard training of the apprentice.
The University of Richmond established a department of Business Administration in 1919. The classes have been taught in morning hours as part of the work offered in Richmond College. These courses will be continued and expanded, and, in addition, there was opened in 1924 in the new building of the T. C. Williams School of Law on West Grace Street an Evening School of Business Administration with classes from 6 :45 to 10 :45 P. M. Completion of entrance and degree requirements in either School will lead to the University degree of B. S. in Business Administration.
The Morning School
For full announcement concerning entrance, living arrangements, expenses, administration, etc., for students who take the courses of the Morning School of Business Administration, which are part of the regular work of Richmond College in the University of Richmond, reference is made to the general catalogue of Richmond College, copy of which will be sent upon request. Dean W. L. Prince, University of Richmond, Va., has charge of the registration and matriculation of students in Richmond College, and will furnish full information concerning board, lodging, entrance, etc. It may be said in brief that fifteen high school units, usually attested by graduation from a standard high school or academy, are necessary for entrance. Very few specials students are admitted, and these must be at least twenty years of age. Richmond College is not co-educational and, therefore, only young men can be admitted to the Morning School. The regular fees of a student in Richmond College, not including laboratory fees or room and board, are: college fee, $35; tuition, $125; contingent, $5; medical, $5; athletic, $15. Tuition is payable one-half at entrance; one-half February 1st. Other fees are payable at entrance. For full information concerning all college expenses, including living expenses, reference is made to the general catalogue of Richmond College.
MORNING SCHOOL COURSES OF STUDY
1. PRINCIPLES OF BUSINESS PRACTICE. An introductory course in business designed to acquaint the student with the economic background of business and the inter-relationship of the numerous phases of commercial activity. Business in its relationship to other sciences, the forms of organization, financing, management, labor, credit, accounting and other problems are studied in order to give the student a view of business as a whole before taking up in a technical way the detailed study of particular aspects as covered in specialized courses. This course is a prerequisite to other courses in the department except as allowed by the instructor handling advanced courses. Three hours a week. Credit, three hours.
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5. BusINESS LAW. A careful study of those phases of law related most closely to the successful conduct of commercial transactions with special emphasis upon the principles of contracts, 'agency, sales, negotiable instruments, partnership and corporation law, and carriers. Attention is given throughout the course to business papers and forms common to each kind of commercial relationship. Not open to Freshmen. Prerequisite, Business Administration 1. Three hours a week. Credit, three hours.
6. TRANSPORTATION.A study of the transportation problem of the United States, starting with the early history and development and carrying it through the present era. The co~rse deals primarily with railroad transportation, taking up other forms of transportation largely in the way they supplement or compete with railroads. Railroad capitalization, inter-railroad relations, rates, classifications, carrier contracts and government control are studied carefully from the viewpoints both of the railroads and the public. Prerequisite Business Administration 1. Three hours a week. Credit, three hours.
7. ELEMENTARYACCOUNTING. A beginning course in the theory and practice of accounts. Practice is devoted to the handling of various books of original and final record, financial statements, their construction and interpretation. The work of the course is divided into three phases as it applies to the forms of organization: single ownership, partnership and corporation. Required for the degree. Prerequisite, Business Administration 1. Three hours a week. Credit, three hours.
8. ADVANCEDAccouNTING. This course is a continuation of Elementary Accounting. It is confined largely to the more con:ple~ problems of corporation accounting from the orgam~at10n of the corporation through dissolution. Careful consideration is given to the questions of valuation in general, depreciation theory and practice, receiverships, financial s~atemen~analysis branch house accounting. Prerequisite, Busmess Adm1mstration 1, 7. Three hours a week. Credit, three hours.
9. THIRD YEAR AccouNTING. A continuation course for those who expect to follow the accounting profession. The course is confined largely to the study of special accounting problems as met in particular fields of business and public admm1stration. Part of the session will be devoted to the subject of cost accounting. Open only to Juniors and Seniors. Prerequisite, Business Administration 1, 5, 7 and 8. Economics 1 and 2. Three hours a week. Credit, three hours.
11. ECONOMICGEOGRAPHYAND FOREIGNTRADE. The first half of the year is devoted to Economic Geography. Here a study is made of the basic materials entering into our economic life. Emphasis is placed on the relationship of natural environment to economic development and the place of the basic commodities in world commerce. The second half of the year is devoted to a practical study of the foreign trade of the United States. Special attention is here given to the organization for overseas trade and to the peculiar conditions affecting different markets. Prerequisite, Business Administration 1, Economic 1. Three hours a week. Credit, three hours.
12. MARKETING. This course covers the general field of marketing, including the advertising and distribution of economic goods. The various methods of distribution are taken up separately, such as wholesale, retail, and direct-to-consumer distribution. The principles of advertising are given careful attention , as this business now plays such an important part in the development of markets and the distribution of economic goods. Special problems will be given dealing with the marketing of Virginia products. Prerequisite, Business Administration 1. Three hours a week. Credit, three hours.
13. LIFE INSURANCE. This course is composed of two phases: the principles of insurance and insurance salesmanship. The first deals with the underlying principles upon which life insurance is built and operated, together with the study of risks and rate determination. The second takes up the selling of insurance, especially to meet the needs of those expecting to go into the life insurance business. In this phase
UNIVERSITYOF RICHMONDBULLETIN
of the course however, the uses for and application of insurance are c~refully studied and analyzed, which is valuable to laymen as well as insurance men. Open only to Juniors and Seniors. Three hours a week. Credit, three hours.
15. LABORPROBLEMS. This course covers the subject of labor in its various aspects, both historical and current. Special attention is given to the relations of capital and labor, including the problem of trade-unions, personnel management, welfare work, and the effects of the development of industrialism upon labors' position. Prerequisite, Business Administration 1, Economics 1. Three hours a week. Credit, three hours.
16. CORPORATIONFINANCE. This course is designed to meet the needs especially of those who plan to enter corporate administrative work. It covers the more advanced phases of legal and economic problems of the corporate form of organization, with special emphasis upon the problems of financing corporations. Prerequisites, Business Administration 1, 5, 7; Economics 1 and 2. Three hours a week. Credit, three hours.
Econ. 1. PRINCIPLESOF EcoNOMICS. This is the basic course in the theory and teachings of Economics and is required as prerequisite to all courses in the Economics department, and for the degree of B. S. in Business Administration. The underlying theories of Economics are developed by reference to specific conditions. (Not open to first-year students except upon permission from the head of this department.) Three hours a week. Credit, three hours.
Econ. 2. MONEY AND BANKlNG. During the first term a study is made of the history and problems of money and banking. The second term is devoted to bank accountancy. Regular banking sets are used in order to familiarize the student with the functions of each department. Atten~ion is also given to the analysis of business financial statements as a basis for granting credit.
The third term consists in main of a thorough study of the Federal Reserve System. In addition, the main features of the Canadian banking system and the banks of England, France and Germany are considered. Three hours a week. Credit, three hours.
Econ. 3. PUBLIC FINANCE. The first and second terms are devoted to a detailed study of state and local expenditures and revenues. Third term: the financing and policies of the Federal government. Especial attention will be given to the Federal income tax and budget. Three hours a week. Credit, three hours.
Math. 5. MATHEMATICS OF INVESTMENT. This course is given primarily for students in Business Administration, and includes such subjects as compound interest, annuities of various kinds, amortization of debts, sinking funds, depreciation, bond valuation, and life insurance. Instruction is given in the use of the slide rule and of mathematical tables and other devices for securing speed in calculations. Much attention is given to the financial problems which arise in investments and banking, and in many commercial enterprises. Three hours a week. Credit, three hours.
Drawing and Surveying, Monday and Wednesday, 2 :00-4 :00.
See Richmond College Catalogue for full statement of all courses offered.
The Evening School
PURPOSE
The Evening School of Business Administration has been estab- lished for the purpose of affording opportunity of college educaton to persons unable to devote their entire time to study. It will also enable others to take up special studies, either for credit or not for credit, which they find will be helpful to them in their business.
LOCATION
The School is located at Lombardy and Grace Streets, in the same building with the T. C. Williams School of Law of the University, in part of a new building designed for the purpose. Situated as it is near the heart of the city, it is easily accessible from all sections.
BOARD AND ROOM
To those students who come from outside of Richmond to attend the Evening School, every possible assistance will be given in secur- ing a comfortable place to board and room as well as in securing posi- tions. Numerous boarding and rooming houses are available in dif- ferent sections of the city at prices ranging from $10 to $15 per month for furnished room and $6 to $8 per week for table board.
ENTRANCE
REQUIREMENTS
Three classes of students are provided for in the Evening School, as follows:
( 1) Degree Students, who desire to take the regular collegiate de- gree of Bachelor of Science in Business Administration. Such students must meet the entrance requirements as stipulated below.
(2) Special Students, who do not intend to take the degree, but who wish special work and desire credit for the work taken. Such students will be required to meet the regular entrance requirements,
as they are free to apply such credits toward a degree_. A ce~tificate will be granted to special students after the complet10n of eighteen credit hours.
( 3) Observation Students, wh? are u1:able to offer ~he necessary entrance credits, or who do not wish credit, but who desire to attend the classes for the benefit they can secure. Such students will not be required to take the tests and examinations.
(a) For Admission
The requirements for admission to the Evening School are stated in units. A unit represents a standard session's study in any subject, and constitutes approximately a quarter of a year's work. Fifteen units from an accredited secondary school are required for admission. Of these fifteen units, the following are prescribed: English, 3 ; Algebra, 1.%; Plane Geometry, 1 ; History, 1 ; Science, 1. The remaining units are elective from high school graduation requirements, except that not more than four units of vocational work will be accepted, and no credit will be allowed for less than two units in any foreign language.
(b) Candidates for Degree
In addition to the above prescribed units for entrance, all students who are candidates for the degree must offer four entrance units in foreign languages. Not less than two units in any one language will be accepted. A student who meets the admission requirements, but who is deficient in one or more of these degree requirements, may make up such deficiencies after entering.
Advanced Standing
Credit for work done at other institutions of standard collegiate rank will be given to those students who present a complete record of the :work for which they desire credit, together with the entrance credits offered_and accepted at such institutions, providing such credits meet the reqmrements of the University of Richmond.
MATRICULATION
Matric~lation begins Wednesday evening, September 16th, at 6 :45. Classes w1l~ meet for organization Friday evening, September 18th . Every applicant for admission should report at the Evening School office on Wednesday or Thursday evening bringing all necessary entrance data with him. '
DEGREE REQUIREMENTS
The candidate for the degree must complete sixty-two hours of college work, distributed as follows: (a) Modern Foreign Languages, six hours; ( b) Mathematics, three hours; ( c) Natural Sciences, four hours; ( d) English Language and Literature, six hours; ( e) Social Sciences, nine hours in other departments than those included under (f); (f) Economics and Business Administration, twenty-one hours, including courses Nos. 30 and 50; (g) Free Electives, thirteen hours.
Note-An hour is one recitation-hour of fifty minutes per week for the session of nine months.
ABSENCES
No credit will be given for a course if the student has been absent more than three times during any term except in the case of prolonegd illness, in which case the matter will be handled in accordance with the conditions of the individual case.
EXPENSES
A tuition fee of $30.00 per course is charged to all students in the Evening School. The fee for each course in which a student is enrolled is payable in two equal installments: the first at the time of registration; the second on February 1st. A fee of $7.50 is charged for Physics to cover laboratory expenses.
CLASS HOURS
Cl asses in each course will meet twice each week for 1¼ class hours of 75 minutes each, unless stipulated otherwise in the description of particular courses, beginning at 6 :45, 8: 10 or 9 :30, as scheduled. An intermission of 10 minutes will be given between the closing of the 6 :45 classes and taking up of the 8: 10 classes, and an intermission of 5 minutes between the closing of the 8: 10 classes and taking up of the 9 :30 classes.
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COURSES OF STUDY FOR 1925-26
ENGLISH I. The elements of writing. Constant practice in the several forms of discourse. Selections from literature for illustration and example. Parallel reading; individual conferences. Prerequisite for all other English courses.
ENGLISH II. A course in cultural English adapted equally to the prospective business man and the general student. The first term will be devoted to a review of several important periods in the literature of England. The second and the third terms will be confined to the study of modern American literature, especially the contemporary essay, drama, short-story and novel. Southern writers will be given their due place in this study. At stated intervals expository papers and written reports will be required. Prerequisite, English I.
FRENCH I. A course for beginners in the language. This course will be conducted, as far as possible, in French. There will be study of elementary grammar, composition, frequent dictation and the reading of several hundred pages of easy text.
SPANISH I. A course for beginners. Study of the elements of grammar, drill in conversation, composition and the reading of about three hundred pages of text will constitute this course. At least one of the books read will deal with South America , and the needs of those students contemplating business relations with our Spanish-speaking neighbors will be kept constantly in mind.
10. (a) COLLEGEALGEBRA A course designed to follow the work o_fa good ~igh school, beginning with quadratic equations, and mcluding such subjects as the progressions, permutations and combinations mathematical induction, binominal theorem, inequalities logarithms theory f . ' ' o equat10ns, and infinite series. First term.
(b)
(c)
SOLID GEOMETRY. A brief study of certain portions of plane geometry will be made, after which solid geometry will be taken up and completed. The work in plane geometry is not given merely for review, but rather for the sake of certain methods of proof, and particularly for calling the student's attention to the inter-relation of groups of theorems, and the development of the subject as a whole. Second term.
PLANE TRIGONOMETRY. The subject is approached from the practical side , problems being solved at first by graphic methods, and afterwards computed by means of trigonometrical formulas and mathematical tables. After the interest of the student is thus secured, the remainder of the time is devoted to the development of analytical trigonometry. Third term.
(d)
11. (a)
COLLEGEALGEBRA. A course which follows (a), and includes a more extended study of theory of equations, logarithms, indeterminate forms, partial fractions, and determinants. Second term. (a), and two of (b), (c), and (d) are required.
GENERAL PHYSICS. This course covers in an elementary way the fundamental principles of Physics, including Mechanics, Properties of Matter, Heat, Sound, Light , Electricity and Magnetism. For admission to this course the student must have a knowledge of Algebra and Plane Geometry equivalent to the necessary preparation for Course 10.
( b) A laboratory course to accompany 1 (a) ; two periods a week, two hours each. Credit, four hours. Course 11 will not be given in the Evening School unless at least ten students are enrolled. It will be given on the Richmond College campus.
20. CITIZENSHIP. A course designed to enable the student to take a more active and intelligent part in his local, state, and national government; to acquaint him with the more vital problems confronting the public and the governmental ways and means available with which to meet and solve these problems.
30. PRINCIPLESOF ECONOMICS. This is a basic course m the theory and teachings of Economics and is required for the degree of B. S. in Business Administration. The underlying theories of Economics are developed by reference to specific conditions.
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AccouNTING I. A beginning course in the theory and practice of accounts. Practice is given in the handling of original and final record financial statements, their construction and interpretation. ' The work of the course is ~ivi~ed i~to three phases as it applies to the form of orgamzat10n, smgle ownership, partnership and corporation. Required for the degree.
AccouNTING II. This course is a continuation of Elementary Accounting. It is confined largely to the more complex problems of corporation accounting from the organization of the corporation through dissolution. Careful consideration is given to the questions of valuation in general, depreciation theory and practice, receiverships, financial statement analysis and branch house accounting. Prerequisite, B. A. 7. Three credit hours.
60. BusINESS LAW. A careful study of those phases of law most closely related to the successful conduct of commercial transactions, with special emphasis upon the principles of contracts, agency, sales, negotiable instruments, partnership and corporation law, and carriers. Attention is given throughout the course to business papers and forms common to each kind of commercial relationship. Required for the degree.
70. TRANSPORTATION.A study of the transportation problem of the United States, starting with the early history and development and carrying it through the present era. The course deals primarily with railroad transportation, taking up other forms of transportation largely in the way they supplement or compete with railroads. Raiload capitalization, inter-railroad relations, rates, classifications, carrier contracts and government control are studied carefully from the viewpoints both of the railroads and the public. Three hours a week. Credit, three hours.
80. MARKETING. This course covers the general field of marketing, including the advertising and distribution of economic goods. The various methods of distribution are taken up separately, s~ch as wholesale, retail, ·and direct-to-consumer distribut10n. The principles of advertising are given careful attention, as this business now plays such an important part in the ~evelopment of markets and the distribution of goods. Special problems will be used dealing with the marketing of Virginia products. (Not offered 1925-26.)
85. REAL ESTATE. A course designed to train for the profession of Real Estate. A thorough study is made of the principles of real estate practice, including titles, transfers, mortgages, real estate office organization and sales practices. Close cooperation is maintained with the Richmond Real Estate Exchange throughout the course.
90. LIFE INSURANCE. A course designed to aid not only those who are engaged in the life insurance business, but also the laymen. The course is divided into two parts: 1. The principles of life insurance, dealing with the underlying principles upon which the business is built and operated, together with the study of risks and rate determination. 2. Life insurance salesmanship, dealing with the most essential phases necessary to the successful selling of insurance. The course has been worked out in close co-operation with The National Association of Life Underwriters and the Life Underwriters Association of Richmond.
95. FIRE AND CASUALTYINSURANCE.
1. Fire-This course in general deals with the underlying principles, important practices, and the principal phases of fire insurance. During the year some of the important points to be covered are: use and functions, analysis of policy contract, mortgagee clause, assignment, kinds of companies, and their organization, agency, other insurance, rate-making, underwriting associations, fire prevention, etc. Some time will be given to Marine Insurance.
2. Casualty-The latter part of the year will be devoted to a study of Fidelity, Surety, Title, and Workmen's Compensation Insurance, and to the miscellaneous forms of casualty insurance, including automobile, steam boiler, plate glass, riot and civil commotion, etc. Some of the important points to be covered are: uses and functions, analysis of policy contract, method of calculating premiums, etc.
For the session of 1926-27 there will be offered, in addition to the foregoing courses, a third group of courses, making up a total of three years of work. Courses will be added each succeeding year until a full degree course is offered in the Evening School.
EVENING SCHOOL CLASS SCHEDULE, 1925-26 * Classes marked (R. C.) will be held at the Science Laboratory on Richmond College campus .
