Area level Parking Management Plan for RS Puram Neighbourhood in Coimbatore

AREA-LEVEL PARKING MANAGEMENT PLAN FOR RS PURAM

NEIGHBOURHOOD IN COIMBATORE PARKING ASSESSMENT REPORT

January 2023

Team:

Vidhya Mohankumar - Team Lead

Pranjali Deshpande - Senior Transport Planner

Sowbarnika V - Urban Designer

Elangkumaran S - Urban Design Intern

Juhi Desai - Urban Design Intern

Datacorp Traffic Pvt. Ltd. - Data collection

© Urban Design Collective

Submitted to

Coimbatore City Municipal Corporation

January 2023

AGREEING ON A VISION FOR PARKING MANAGEMENT

ASSESSMENT OF EXISTING CONDITIONS

AGREEING ON STRATEGIES AND DESIGN STANDARDS

PREPARATION OF DRAFT AREA LEVEL PARKING MANAGEMENT PLANS

STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATIONS

FINALISATION OF AREA LEVEL PARKING MANAGEMENT PLANS 3

4 5 6 7

ROADMAP TO AN AREA LEVEL PARKING MANAGEMENT PLAN

About the project 1

As per data from the Road transport year book report (2017-18 & 2018-19) published by Ministry of Roads Transport and Highways, the vehicle population in Coimbatore reached 25.5 lakhs in 2019. This makes Coimbatore second in the state of Tamil Nadu, after Chennai, in terms of the total number of registered vehicles (Commercial Vehicles: 78,916 & Non-Commercial Vehicles: 24,71,701).

Increasing private vehicle ownership coupled with the rising demand for onstreet vehicular parking is choking the streets of Coimbatore and rendering the daily commutes of motorists and pedestrians unsafe. In this context, it has been observed that the lack of on-street parking management has led to haphazard parking on the street. This has reduced the effective carriageway widths for motorists thus making traffic flow inefficient. It has also led to vehicles encroaching footpaths for parking thus eating into the space that can enable commercial growth and well-being of the citizens.

In view of this prevailing situation, Coimbatore City Municipal Corporation (CCMC) aims to manage on-street vehicular parking by gradually shifting the vehicular parking to off-street locations.

‘CCMC is committed to organizing parking so that streets are not choked and provide smooth traffic movement; manage parking so that street space is available for citizens to walk, cycle, use public transport, sit and enjoy; and optimize parking supply so that more urban space is available for living, jobs, and recreation.’

In order to jump-start the parking management initiatives, CCMC is piloting its efforts across two neighbourhoods - RS Puram and Race Course Road- through Area-level Parking Management Plans.

This report is an assessment of the existing conditions for the RS Puram neighborhood.

The assessment forms the baseline for arriving at strategies to guide the parking management plan. The next steps involve preparation of the area level parking management plan for RS Puram neighbourhood followed by stakeholder consultations and possible trial runs of the proposed plan before adopting the finalised plan.

About the neighbourhood 2

RS Puram or Rathina Sabapathi Puram is a residential neighbourhood located north of Town Hall area which is the core city area of Coimbatore. It is a planned neighbourhood of Coimbatore using TP Scheme as a planning instrument which explains the grid iron pattern of streets as compared to older parts of Coimbatore. It measures approximately two square kilometres in area and has roughly 20 kilometres of street length within its bounding edges. It is known for a central shopping spine along Diwan Bahadur Road (DB Road) which runs in the north-south direction and TV Swamy Road which runs in the east-west direction within the RS Puram neighbourhood. DB Road divides the neighbourhood into two halves on its east and west. RS Puram is bounded by clear edges on all sides - Cowley Brown Road in the north, Mettupalayam Road in the East, Thadagam Road in the West and Sukrawarpet Road in the South. Although primarily residential, the neighbourhood has several important government offices, educational institutions, cultural centres, sports facilities, commercial establishments and restaurants.

Coimbatore city map showing RS Puram which forms the extent of the project area and its proximity to the Town Hall area which is the core city area of Coimbatore.

RS Puram Town Hall area

Neighbourhood extents/ Project scope area

Cowley Brown Road

Basyakarlu Road

W Periasamy Road

W Venkatasamy Road

W Ponnurangam Road

Thadagam Road

W TV Swamy Road

Father Randy St.

E Periasamy Road

E Venkatasamy Road

E Ponnurangam Road

E TV Swamy Road

E Lokamanya Street

Kumaraswamy Lake

W Sambandam Road E Sambandam Road

W Arokiasamy Road

Diwan

Bahadur Road

Sri Shanmugam Rd

Mettupalayam Road

Mecricar Rd

W Ramalingam Road E Ramalingam Road

W Arunachalam Rd E Arunachalam Road

Gandhi Park

Subramaniam Road

Lighthouse Road

Sundaram Street

Sukrawarpet Road

Land Use Map

Visual documentation of streets and parking arrangements in RS Puram

• Street ROW conditions

• Off street parking in RS Puram

West T V Swamy Road - Primary streets have wider ROWs and are predominantly commercial with large plot sizes

A vacant parking lot in Light house road

Vehicular parking on both sides of E Lokamanya Street constricting carriageway and causing traffic congestion

View of MLCP in DB Road

E Arunachalam Road- Secondary roads have vendors and auto stands that need to be accommodated in the street ROW

Gandhi Park, Subramaniam Road - Some secondary streets have commercial uses which spillover onto the street

Basyakarlu Road - Most secondary streets have residential uses with some institutional uses that generate a parking demand

Local streets like Sundaram Street have small ROWs and small plot sizes which result in high on-street parking demand

Parking demand and land use

Unauthorized parking

Healthcare centres in Cowley Brown road drive up the on-street car parking here

Offices & banks in W TV Swamy road draw a lot of two wheelers who park on the street

Auto & school taxi parking at the junction of W Periasamy Road and DB road near Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan school

W Arunachalam Road - Some streets have orderly parking even without parking layout markings on the road

Unauthorized parking of cars in designated parking for two wheelers in Cowley Brown road

Uauthorized parking in E Periasamy Road in a no parking zone

Methodology for assessment

Methodology for assessment 3

The assessment of the parking scenario at RS Puram neighbourhood was undertaken over a period of 8 weeks and involved a 7 step process as shown in the diagram on the facing page and elaborated below:

Step 1 - Street Inventory survey and segmentation

The first step was a preliminary visual assessment conducted in the form of a street inventory survey. This survey verified the individual street classifications as primary and secondary roads. It further mapped bus routes, traffic flow directions, street orientation, predominant building uses, major parking generators and streets with high parking volumes. This step helped to establish the viability of the parking management plan in each of these streets. In addition, segmentation of the streets was done with unique identities for each segment and side of all streets to enable data collection in a uniform and systematic manner.

Step 2 - Mode of access survey

The second step was a survey to capture how people access the RS Puram neighbourhood. 205 surveys were taken split over weekend and weekday counts to capture the purpose of visit, mode of travel, number of hours spent and current parking behaviours. This survey also captured public opinion on paid parking system and explored thresholds of behaviour change with regard to paid parking.

Step 3 - Household survey on parking

A household survey on parking was conducted for 102 households in the neighbourhood to understand their parking behaviour including parking locations, parking related issues and opinions on a paid parking system in the neighbourhood. This survey was primarily done to determine whether households tend to park their vehicles on the street at different times of the day.

Step 4 - ROW assessment using road map and road ledger data

Step 3 involves a street right-of-way (ROW) assessment and for this purpose the road map and the road ledger data for RS Puram was procured from CCMC. Both data sets had a variation in the ROWs for the streets and upon clarification and confirmation from CCMC, the ROWs mentioned in the road map was considered as final for the purpose of this assessment. The ROWs were

then studied and possible street cross-sections were designed to check for the possibility of providing on-street parking on the streets. For designing street sections, IRC standards were referred to with minor deviations in streets with narrow ROWs.

Step 5 - On-street parking occupancy survey

On-street parking counts were taken for 3 different times of the day on a weekday and weekend to determine the intensity of parking. This is further classified as below 60%, 61-85%, 86%-100% and above 100% to measure saturation. This survey was conducted on all the primary streets and secondary streets identified as part of the study area.

Step 6 - Off-street parking occupancy survey

Off-street parking locations were first identified and counts were taken for 3 different times of the day on a weekday and weekend to determine the intensity of parking. The survey captured occupancy of all off-street parking locations - both public and private- within the study area. The full capacities of these locations were also recorded to gauge if all off-street parking locations are fully utilised.

Step 7 - Data collation and analysis

This step involves collation and analysis of all collected data from the previous 6 steps through visualisations in the form of maps and infographics. It further identifies trends and patterns from the data to ascertain whether certain parking strategies can be tested and adopted. It also helps ascertain whether parking strategies can be uniform across the study area or whether the strategies need to be varied based on time and location.

Data collation and analysis 4

This chapter lays out step 7 of the parking assessment methodology i.e. the collated data and analysis and concludes with a summary of key findings from the assessment.

Step 1 - Street Inventory survey and segmentation

The street inventory survey gave the following readings:

Number of streets with oneway traffic flow

Primary streets that have street vending

1; Sundaram Street which is a secondary street is partially one-way in the segment between Gandhi Park junction and DB road.

1. Cowley Brown road

2. Light House Road

3. E Ramalingam Road

4. Arokiasamy Road

5. W Sambandam Road

6. E Sambandam Road

7. E TV Swamy Road

8. W TV Swamy Road

9. E Periasamy Road

Secondary streets that have street vending

1. Mecricar road

2. Azad street

3. CC Local Road

4. Subramaniam Road

5. Sundaram street

6. Kannuswamy road

7. E Venkataswamy road

8. Basyakarulu Road

9. Guru Govind Singh Road

Street Inventory - Primary and Secondary streets

SECONDARY STREETS Total length of streets - 14 km

Street Inventory - Primary and Secondary streets

roads

Identified Parking Generators

Primary roads

Existing Bus Routes and Bus stops

Parking generators

RS Puram is well connected by bus routes with 8 bus stops in the neighbourhood. A ped-shed diagram of these bus stops indicates that almost all parking generators fall within a 400 metres walking radius of these bus stops. This is an opportunity to shift at least some of the travel demand to the neighbourhood to public transport through a parking management plan.

Street Inventory - Primary Streets showing segments

These maps show the segmentation of the primary and secondary streets with unique identities for each segment and side to enable data collection in a uniform and systematic manner. On-street parking occupancy data was collected and collated using these segments as reference.

1. DB Road (1.7 km)

2. Cowley Brown Road (1.4 km)

3. W Periasamy Road (0.7 km)

4. E Periasamy Road (0.5 km)

5. W TV Swamy Road (0.6 km)

6. E TV Swamy Road (0.5 km)

7. W Sambandam Road (0.6 km)

8. E Sambandam Road (0.5 km)

9. Arokiasamy Road (0.6 km)

10. W Ramalingam Road (0.5 km)

11. E Ramalingam Road (0.5 km)

12. Light House Road (0.9 km)

Street Inventory - Secondary Streets showing segments

Basyakarlu Road (1.2 km)

W Venkatasamy Road (0.7 km)

E Venkatasamy Road (0.5 km)

W Ponnurangam Road (0.7 km)

E Ponnurangam Road (0.5 km)

Guru Govind Singh Road (0.2 km)

Punnaikodi Road (0.6 km)

Venkatachalam Shetty St (0.6 km)

Sri Shanmugam Road (1.3 km)

Father Randy St (0.3 km)

Lokmaniya St W (0.2 km)

Azad St (0.4 km)

Sir C V Raman St (0.1 km)

Lokamanya Street E (0.5 km)

VOC St (0.2 km)

Thilagar St (0.1 km)

Venkatramana Road (0.5 km)

Subramaniam Road (0.6 km)

Arunachalam Rd W (0.3 km)

Srinivasa Ragavan St (0.3 km)

Sundaram St (0.5 km)

Kannusamy Road (0.2 km)

E Arokiasamy Road (0.2 km)

Ramachandra Road (0.5 km)

Mecricar Road (0.5 km)

Siva Subramaniam St (0.5 km)

Arunachalam Rd E (0.5 km)

Sidhi Vinayakar Koil St (0.3 km)

Local Streets (0.5 km)

Thiyagi Kumaran Road (0.6 km)

Step 2 - Mode of access survey

The mode of access survey was conducted with 87 weekend counts and 117 weekday counts. The initial sample size of 116 counts was taken and data analysed. Further, an additional set of 89 counts were taken to ascertain if there is any change in data trends. Given that the variation in data trends was minimal, it was decided to close the final count of these surveys at 205 respondents. The key findings of the survey are presented here-

• Purpose of visit to RS Puram

One-third of RS Puram’s visitors come to shop while another one-third come here to work.

• Origin of visiting population

A majority of the visiting population are either local to the RS Puram neighbourhood itself or come from neighbourhoods that are within a 3km radius. This indicates short trip lengths which could be substituted by public or para transit.

• Time spent at RS Puram

Time spent at RS Puram

40% of those visiting RS Puram spend less than an hour in the neighbourhood. This trend is consistent on a weekend as well as a weekday.

32% of respondents spend 8 hours and more on a weekday indicating that they work in the neighbourhood. This count drops to less than 20% on a weekend.

• Visitor travel behaviour

57% of visitors travel alone to RS Puram on weekdays. On weekends, this drops to 34%.

43% are accompanied by 1 or 2 persons and 22% are accompanied by 3 to 5 people on weekends.

On weekdays, 33% visit with 1 or 2 people while only 9% visit with 3 to 5 people.

This indicates that the incidence of larger groups visiting RS Puram is higher on weekends. Data also shows that groups larger than 3 people arrive in cars to RS Puram on weekends. However, the number of smaller groups of people arriving in cars is more on weekdays.

Overall the preferred mode of travel for visitors to RS Puram is two-wheelers both on weekdays and weekends. Cars tend to increase in absolute numbers over the weekend as compared to weekdays.

Of those who came in their private mode of transport, 90% said they park on the street.

Willingness to pay for parking

51% of respondents said that they would not pay for parking.

Of those who said no, 80% traveled to RS Puram by two wheelers.

• Behaviour thresholds for paid parking

If it is not too expensive, yes

Behaviour thresholds towards paid parking were tested using different pricing slabs as part of this survey and it was revealed that an increase in price resulted in a shift in behaviour.

The highest price slab prompted respondents to either find an alternate location for parking or reduce trips to the area in general while at the lowest price slab, respondents tended most towards not making any changes to their travel patterns or to come to the neighbourhood on a two-wheeler rather that a car.

At INR 40 per hour for car and INR 10 per hour for a two wheeler, there was no preferred choice of behaviour. Behaviour in this case had spilled over onto all the given options almost uniformly indicating that this could be an optimal price slab.

Step 3 - Household survey on parking

A sample household survey was conducted mainly to corroborate with evidence if residents of RS Puram park on the streets. 82% of respondents park all their vehicles within their property/ premises.

Yes, all our vehicles are parked within the property/premises

Some of our vehicles are parked within the property/premises

None of our vehicles are parked within the property/premises

On the street in front of residence

In an apartment near my residence

On the street within walking distance

In a vacant lot where parking is free

Of those who said no, 69% parked on the street in front of their residence and 21% parked in vacant parking spaces in apartments near their residence. This indicates an attitude for sharing vacant available parking space which if encouraged could help reduce on-street parking demand.

Of those who said they parked on the street, half this number parked only at night and only 5% of the overall sample size said that they park on the street all the time.

I will find an alternate place to park

I will find an alternate place to park

I will pay and park on the street

I will pay and park on the street

I will sell my vehicle

I will sell my vehicle

In response to the question on what they would do if a parking fee is imposed in all the streets in RS Puram, 74% said they would find an alternate place to park. 25% said they would pay and park. Only 1% said they will sell their vehicle.

With regard to vehicle ownership, all households owned at least one vehicle. 84% households own a car. Of these, 60% own a single car and 21% own two cars.

Only 6% households did not own a two-wheeler. All these households own a car. 31% households own one two wheeler and 52% own two-wheelers.

76% households own a car and a two-wheeler. Only 2 households own a bicycle.

Step 4 - ROW assessment using base map and road ledger data from CCMC

This step is useful to determine whether the street right-of-way (ROW) allows for the provision of parking bays while being considerate to the other user groups on the street.

Street Inventory- Primary Streets

Street Inventory- Secondary Streets

Road map

The conjoined road map from the two roadmaps received for wards 71 and 72 from CCMC.

ROWs were derived from the conjoined road map received from CCMC and streets were sorted based on ascending order of ROWs to ascertain the range of ROWs available to work with. The lowest available ROW is 6m and the maximum ROW is 21 metres.

Vehicular flow directions and bus route roads mapped in step 1 are referred to while allocating vehicular carriageway space for the streets in the study area. Further, IRC standards are referred to for providing minimum required space to pedestrians. Unobstructed pedestrian movement requires that a separate space is allocated for utilities and hence this is also taken into consideration. Based on this street cross-sections were derived and six typologies of streets were derived.

Typology 1Shared street/ Slow street

Typology 2Single lane and twoway street without parking

Typology 3Single lane and two-way street with parking on one side of the street

Typology 4Single lane and two-way street with parking on both sides of the street

Typology 5Double lane and two-way street with parking on one side of the street

Pedestrians and vehicles share space owing to narrow ROW. Utilities are also placed within the ROW as required. No sidewalk is provided on both sides. Parking is not possible.

Street has two way traffic with one lane in each direction. Each lane varies from 2.75m to 3m in width. Minimum sidewalk space of 1.8m is provided on both sides. Residual space is allocated as a utility strip.

Street has two way traffic with one lane in each direction. Each lane varies from 2.75m to 3m in width. Minimum sidewalk space of 1.8m is provided on both sides. Parallel parking provision is possible on one side of the street. Residual space is allocated as a utility strip.

Street has two way traffic with one lane in each direction. Each lane varies from 2.75m to 3m in width. Minimum sidewalk space of 1.8m is provided on both sides. Parallel parking provision is possible on both sides of the street. Residual space is allocated as a utility strip.

Street has two way traffic with two lanes in each direction. Each lane varies from 2.75m to 3m in width. Minimum sidewalk space of 1.8m is provided on both sides. Parallel parking is provided on one side of the street. Residual space is allocated as a utility strip. Can accommodate a bus lane.

Applicable for streets with ROWs that are 9m and less.

Applicable for streets with ROWs that are more than 9m and less than 12m.

Requires a minimum ROW of 12m.

Applicable for streets with ROWs more than 15m.

Requires a minimum ROW of 18m.

Typology 6Double lane and two-way street with parking on both sides of the street

Street has two way traffic with two lanes in each direction. Each lane varies from 2.75m to 3m in width. Minimum sidewalk space of 1.8m is provided on both sides. Parallel parking provision is possible on both sides of the street. Residual space is allocated as a utility strip. Can accommodate a bus lane.

Requires a minimum ROW of 20m.

This process showed the possibilities for on-street parking and also eliminated a set of streets with respect to providing designated parking bays and/ or having parking regulations in place i.e. those falling under typology 1 and 2. The table below shows the streets sorted by ascending ROW widths. Based on the width and bus route servicing needs possible typologies are assigned.

3 W Periasamy Road 12 Typology 3 - Single lane and twoway street with parking on one side of the street

C E Venkatasamy Road* 12

12

12

13

R Subramaniam Road* 13

6 E TV Swamy Road* 20 Typology 5 - Double lane and two-way street with parking on one side of the street OR Typology 4 - Single lane and twoway street with parking on both sides of the street

1 D.B Road 21 Typology 6 - Double lane and two-way street with parking on both sides of the street OR Typology 4 - Single lane and twoway street with parking on both sides of the street

5 W TV Swamy Road* 21

Map showing streets in the study area based on possible typologies

Typology 1 - Shared street/ Slow street without parking

Typology 2 - Single lane and two-way street without parking

Typology 3 - Single lane and two-way street with parking on one side of the street

Typology 4 - Single lane and two-way street with parking on both sides of the street

Typology 5 - Double lane and two-way street with parking on one side of the street

Typology 6 - Double lane and two-way street with parking on both sides of the street

Typology 1 - Shared street/ Slow street

Typology 2 - Single lane and two-way street without parking

1. Lokamanya Street W

2. Sir C V Raman street

3. Thilagar St

4. Punnaikodi Road

5. Father Randy Road

6. Thiyagi Kumaran Road

7. W Sambandam Road

8. E Ramalingam Road

9. Azad street

10. Arokiasamy Road w

11. VOC St

12. Sundaram St W

1. Light House Road

2. Sundaram St E

3. Siva Subramaniam Road

4. Arunachalam Rd W

5. Arunachalam Rd E

6. W Ponnurangam Road

7. E Lokamanya St

8. Srinivasa Ragavan St

9. Local streets

Typology 3 - Single lane and two-way street with parking on one side of the street

1. W Periasamy Road

2. E Venkatasamy Road

3. Guru Govind Singh Road

4. Venkatachalam Road

5. E Arokiasamy Road

6. Ramachandra Road

7. Sidhi Vinayakar Koil St

8. W Venkatasamy Road

9. E Sambandam Road

10. Basyakarlu Road

11. Kannuswamy Road

12. Cowley Brown Road

13. E Periasamy Road

14. W Ramalingam Road

15. Mecricar Road

16. E Ponnurangam Road

17. Sri Shanmugam Road

18. Venkatramana Road

19. Subramaniam Road

Typology 4 - Single lane and two-way street with parking on both sides of the street

1. W TV Swamy Road

2. E TV Swamy Road

3. D.B Road

Typology 5 - Double lane and two-way street with parking on one side of the street

E TV Swamy Road

Typology 6 - Double lane and two-way street with parking on both sides of the street

1. W TV Swamy Road*

2. D.B Road

Step 5 - On-street parking occupancy survey

Video-based parking occupancy counts were recorded on a weekday and weekend at 3 different times of the day to determine the intensity of parking in the study area. Surveys were conducted for all street segments in both primary and secondary streets. The survey was conducted on days spread over December 2022 and January 2023. Further, identification of vehicles by type and counts were extracted for each segment.

Images showing the survey team recording parking occupancy using video cameras

Subsequent to this, the total Equivalent Car Space (ECS) was calculated for each street as per IRC: SP12-2015 Parking (page 28). The available parking space for each segment length was calculated while making deductions for intersections, bus stops and property entrances. This was then compared with the parking occupancies to arrive at saturation levels.

Counts from this survey were then classified as below 60%, 61-85%, 86%100% and above 100% and mapped to get a reading of streets that have high occupancy rates (more than 80%) at different times of the day and week.

Further, data for each street is analysed to understand parking patterns and variations on both sides and at different times of the day and week. The optimised ECS for each street is also provided based on the typology match derived for each street in step 4 based on their ROWs.

Data table for ECS calculations as per IRC SP12-2015 Parking (page28) -

On-street occupancy Weekday - Morning

On-street occupancy Weekday - Afternoon

On-street occupancy Weekday - Evening

On-street occupancy Weekend - Morning

On-street occupancy Weekend - Afternoon

On-street occupancy Weekend - Evening

S. no.

Segments with above 100% occupancy

1 DB Road (1A-1B)

2 W Venkatasamy Road B3 - B4

3 Thilagar St P1 - P2

4 Kannusamy Road V1 - V2

5 E Arokiasamy Road W3 - W4

Key findings from the on-street parking occupancy surveys

• The on-street parking occupancy data reveals a high demand along several streets in RS Puram across both weekdays and weekends across both primary and secondary streets.

• There is a steady increase in the parking volumes through the day which peaks in the afternoon and later wanes in the evening for both weekdays and weekends.

• On weekdays and weekends, DB road and East Arokiasamy Road are consistently over-parked and TV Swamy road shows a rise from 85% to over 100% through the day.

• Seven streets have a saturation of 85% and above on weekdays and thirteen streets have a saturation of above 85% on weekends.

S. no.

Segments with above 100% occupancy

1 DB Road (1A-1B)

2 DB Road (1C-1D)

3 W TV Swamy Road (5A-5B)

4 W TV Swamy Road (5C-5D)

5 E TV Swamy Road (6A-6B)

6 Lokmaniya St W K1 - K2

S. no.

Segments with above 100% occupancy

6 Thiyagi Kumaran Road DD1 - DD2

7 Thiyagi Kumaran Road DD3 - DD4

S. no. Segments with 86 to 100% occupancy

1 DB Road (1C-1D)

2 E TV Swamy Road (6C-6D)

3 E Sambandam Road (8A-8B)

5 Light House Road (12A-12B)

6 Arunachalam Rd W S3 - S4

7 Sundaram St U3 - U4

8 Kannusamy Road V3 - V4

9 E Arokiasamy Road W1 - W2 10 Mecricar Road Z1 - Z2 11 Mecricar Road Z3 - Z4

12 Sidhi Vinayakar Koil St BB3 - BB4

13 Local Streets CC3 - CC4

13

2 DB Road (1C-1D)

8 E Arokiasamy Road W1 - W2

S. no. Segments with 86 to 100% occupancy

1 Light House Road (12A-12B)

2 VOC st O3 - O4

3 Arunachalam Rd W S1 - S2

4 Arunachalam Rd W S3 - S4

5 Sundaram St U1 - U2

6 E Arokiasamy Road W3 - W4

7 Mecricar Road Z3 - Z4

Weekday - Morning Weekday - Afternoon Weekday - Evening

S. no.

Segments with above 100%

occupancy

1 DB Road (1A-1B)

2 DB Road (1C-1D)

3 W TV Swamy Road (5C-5D)

4 E TV Swamy Road (6C-6D)

5 R1 - R2 Subramaniam Road

6 S3 - S4 Arunachalam Rd W

7 U3 - U4 Sundaram St

8 V1 - V2 Kannusamy Road

9 W1 - W2 E Arokiasamy Road

10 W3 - W4 E Arokiasamy Road

11 Z1 - Z2 Mecricar Road

12 Z3 - Z4 Mecricar Road

13 AA3 - AA4 Arunachalam Rd E

14 BB1 - BB2 Sidhi Vinayakar Koil St

15 BB3 - BB4 Sidhi Vinayakar Koil St

S. no. Segments with 86 to 100%

occupancy

1 W TV Swamy Road (5A-5B)

2 I1 - I2 Sri Shanmugam Road

3 M3 - M4 Sir CV Raman St

4 P1 - P2 Thilagar St

5 R3 - R4 Subramaniam Road

6 U1 - U2 Sundaram St

7 V3 - V4 Kannusamy Road

8 X3 - X4 Ramachandra Road

Sri Shanmugam Road

8 R1 - R2 Subramaniam Road

9 R3 - R4 Subramaniam Road

10 V1 - V2 Kannusamy Road

11 W1 - W2 E Arokiasamy Road

12 W3 - W4 E Arokiasamy Road

13 Z1 - Z2 Mecricar Road

14 BB1 - BB2 Sidhi Vinayakar Koil St

15 DD3 - DD4 Thiyagi Kumaran Road

S. no. Segments with 86 to 100%

occupancy

1 E Sambandam Road (8A-8B)

2 O1 - O2 VOC st

3 Z3 - Z4 Mecricar Road

Further, on-street occupancy data for each street is summarized for primary and secondary streets in the following section. Data is presented as absolute counts and also a percentage comparison of two-wheelers and cars in the street segments on weekends and weekdays. This is done to understand if there are any visible shift in modes of travel. Additionally, a suggested street typology is listed as per the assessment done under step 4 of this assessment. Based on this suggested typology, the proposed ECS count for designated parking on the street is also presented. This proposed ECS indicates the number of parking spots that can be marked up on the streets and regulated with or without pricing. The overall proposed ECS for designated parking as per this assessment is 1720 spots with 842 in primary streets and 878 in secondary streets.

Suggested street typology as per this assessment:

• Typology 6 - Double lane and two-way street with parking on both sides of the street OR

• Typology 4 - Single lane and two-way street with parking on both sides of the street

Proposed ECS for designated parking as per this assessment:

1. DB Road - 1.7 km

2. Cowley Brown Road - 1.4km

Suggested street typology as per this assessment:

• Typology 6 - Double lane and two-way street with parking on both sides of the street OR

• Typology 3 - Single lane and two-way street with parking on one side of the street

Proposed ECS for designated parking as per this assessment:

2 A-B 162

2 C-D 0

3. W Periasamy Road - 0.7km

Suggested street typology as per this assessment:

Typology 3 - Single lane and two-way street with parking on one side of the street

Proposed ECS for designated parking as per this assessment: 3 A-B 73

3 C-D 0

4. E Periasamy Road - 0.5km

Suggested street typology as per this assessment:

Typology 3 - Single lane and two-way street with parking on one side of the street

Proposed ECS for designated parking as per this assessment: 4 A-B 61

C-D 0

Suggested street typology as per this assessment:

• Typology 6 - Double lane and two-way street with parking on both sides of the street OR

• Typology 4 - Single lane and two-way street with parking on both sides of the street

Proposed ECS for designated parking as per this assessment:

5 A-B 76

5 C-D 76

5. W TV Swamy Road - 0.6km

6. E TV Swamy Road - 0.5km

Suggested street typology as per this assessment:

• Typology 5 - Double lane and two-way street with parking on one side of the street OR

• Typology 4 - Single lane and two-way street with parking on both sides of the street

Proposed ECS for designated parking as per this assessment:

7. W Sambandam Road - 0.6km

Suggested street typology as per this assessment:

Typology 2 - Single lane and two-way street without parking

Proposed ECS for designated parking as per this assessment:

7

Suggested street typology as per this assessment:

Typology 3 - Single lane and two-way street with parking on one side of the street

Proposed ECS for designated parking as per this assessment:

8. E Sambandam Road - 0.5km

9. Arokiasamy Road - 0.6km

Suggested street typology as per this assessment:

Typology 2 - Single lane and two-way street without parking

Proposed ECS for designated parking as per this assessment:

10. W Ramalingam Road - 0.5km

Suggested street typology as per this assessment:

Typology 3 - Single lane and two-way street with parking on one side of the street

Proposed ECS for designated parking as per this assessment:

11. E Ramalingam Road - 0.5km

Suggested street typology as per this assessment:

Typology 2 - Single lane and two-way street without parking

Proposed ECS for designated parking as per this assessment: 11 A-B 0 11 C-D 0

12. Light House Road - 0.9km

Suggested street typology as per this assessment:

Typology 1 - Shared street/ Slow street without parking

Proposed ECS for designated parking as per this assessment:

Basyakarlu Road - 1.2km

Suggested street typology as per this assessment:

Typology 3 - Single lane and two-way street with parking on one side of the street

Proposed ECS for designated parking as per this assessment:

W Venkatasamy Road - 0.7km

Suggested street typology as per this assessment:

Typology 3 - Single lane and two-way street with parking on one side of the street

Proposed ECS for designated parking as per this assessment:

E Venkatasamy Road - 0.5km

Suggested street typology as per this assessment:

Typology 3 - Single lane and two-way street with parking on one side of the street

Proposed ECS for designated parking as per this assessment:

W Ponnurangam Road - 0.7km

Suggested street typology as per this assessment:

Typology 1 - Shared street/ Slow street without parking

Proposed ECS for designated parking as per this assessment: D1-D2 0 D3-D4 0

E Ponnurangam Road - 0.5km

Suggested street typology as per this assessment:

Typology 3 - Single lane and two-way street with parking on one side of the street

Proposed ECS for designated parking as per this assessment:

Guru Govind Singh Road - 0.2km

Percentage Comparison of cars and two-wheelers

Suggested street typology as per this assessment:

Typology 3 - Single lane and two-way street with parking on one side of the street

Proposed ECS for designated parking as per this assessment:

24

0

Punnaikodi Road - 0.6km

Percentage Comparison of cars and two-wheelers

Suggested street typology as per this assessment:

Typology 2 - Single lane and two-way street without parking

Proposed ECS for designated parking as per this assessment:

G1-G2 0

G3-G4 0

Venkatachalam Road - 0.6km

Suggested street typology as per this assessment: Typology 3 - Single lane and two-way street with parking on one side of the street

Proposed ECS for designated parking as per this assessment:

Sri Shanmugam Road - 1.3km

Suggested street typology as per this assessment:

• Typology 3 - Single lane and two-way street with parking on one side of the street

Proposed ECS for designated parking as per this assessment:

Father Randy Road - 0.3km

Suggested street typology as per this assessment:

Typology 2 - Single lane and two-way street without parking

Proposed ECS for designated parking as per this assessment:

0

0

Lokmaniya St W - 0.2km

Percentage Comparison of cars and two-wheelers

Suggested street typology as per this assessment:

Typology 2 - Single lane and two-way street without parking

Proposed ECS for designated parking as per this assessment: K1-K2 0 K3-K4 0

Azad Street - 0.4km

Percentage Comparison of cars and two-wheelers

Suggested street typology as per this assessment:

Typology 2 - Single lane and two-way street without parking

Proposed ECS for designated parking as per this assessment:

0 L3-L4 0

Sir CV Raman Street - 0.1km

Suggested street typology as per this assessment:

Typology 2 - Single lane and two-way street without parking

Proposed ECS for designated parking as per this assessment:

E Lokamanya St - 0.5km

Suggested street typology as per this assessment:

Typology 1 - Shared street/ Slow street without parking

Proposed ECS for designated parking as per this assessment:

0 N3-N4 0

VOC Street - 0.2km

Suggested street typology as per this assessment: Typology 2 - Single lane and two-way street without parking

Proposed ECS for designated parking as per this assessment:

Thilagar Street - 0.1km

Suggested street typology as per this assessment:

Typology 2 - Single lane and two-way street without parking

Proposed ECS for designated parking as per this assessment: P1-P2 0 P3-P4 0

Venkatramana Road - 0.5km

Suggested street typology as per this assessment:

Typology 3 - Single lane and two-way street with parking on one side of the street

Proposed ECS for designated parking as per this assessment:

Subramaniam Road - 0.6km

Percentage Comparison of cars and two-wheelers

Suggested street typology as per this assessment:

Typology 3 - Single lane and two-way street with parking on one side of the street

Proposed ECS for designated parking as per this assessment: R1-R2 46

0

Arunachalam Road W - 0.3km

Percentage Comparison of cars and two-wheelers

Suggested street typology as per this assessment:

Typology 1 - Shared street/ Slow street without parking

Proposed ECS for designated parking as per this assessment:

0 S3-S4 0

Srinivasa Ragavan Street - 0.3km

Suggested street typology as per this assessment:

Typology 1 - Shared street/ Slow street without parking

Proposed ECS for designated parking as per this assessment:

Street - 0.5km

Suggested street typology as per this assessment:

2 - Single lane and two-way street without parking

Proposed ECS for designated parking as per this assessment:

0

0

Kannusamy Road - 0.2km

Suggested street typology as per this assessment:

Typology 3 - Single lane and two-way street with parking on one side of the street

Proposed ECS for designated parking as per this assessment:

E Arokiasamy Road - 0.2km

Suggested street typology as per this assessment:

Typology 3 - Single lane and two-way street with parking on one side of the street

Proposed ECS for designated parking as per this assessment:

W1-W2 24

W3-W4 0

Ramachandra Road - 0.5km

Suggested street typology as per this assessment:

Typology 3 - Single lane and two-way street with parking on one side of the street

Proposed ECS for designated parking as per this assessment:

X1-X2 77 X3-X4 0

Siva Subramaniam Road - 0.5km

Total Number of Vehicles

Percentage Comparison of cars and two-wheelers

Suggested street typology as per this assessment:

Typology 1 - Shared street/ Slow street without parking

Proposed ECS for designated parking as per this assessment: Y1-

0

0

Mecricar Road - 0.5km

Percentage Comparison of cars and two-wheelers

Suggested street typology as per this assessment:

Typology 3 - Single lane and two-way street with parking on one side of the street

Proposed ECS for designated parking as per this assessment: Z1-Z2 59 Z3-Z4 0

Arunachalam Road E - 0.5km

Percentage Comparison of cars and two-wheelers

Suggested street typology as per this assessment:

Typology 1 - Shared street/ Slow street without parking

Proposed ECS for designated parking as per this assessment:

0

Sidhi Vinayagar Koil Street - 0.5km

Percentage Comparison of cars and two-wheelers

Suggested street typology as per this assessment: Typology 3 - Single lane and two-way street with parking on one side of the street

Proposed ECS for designated parking as per this assessment: BB1-BB2 37 BB3-BB4 0

Local Street - 0.5km

Percentage Comparison of cars and two-wheelers

Suggested street typology as per this assessment:

Typology 1 - Shared street/ Slow street without parking

Proposed ECS for designated parking as per this assessment:

0

0

Thiyagi Kumaran Road - 0.6km Total Number

Percentage Comparison of cars and two-wheelers

Suggested street typology as per this assessment:

Typology 2 - Single lane and two-way street without parking

Proposed ECS for designated parking as per this assessment: DD1-DD2 0

0

Local Street - 0.4km Total

Percentage Comparison of cars and two-wheelers

Suggested street typology as per this assessment:

Typology 1 - Shared street/ Slow street without parking

Proposed ECS for designated parking as per this assessment:

0 EE3-EE4 0

Step 6 - Off-street Parking Occupancy Survey

Off-street parking occupancy surveys were conducted at all the identified locations along the streets in the study area. The occupancy rates of these locations across times and days of the week are as follows:

PR I M A R YST R EET SO f fs t re e t pa rki n g s po t s

W e e kda y m o rn i n g o ccu pa n cy

W e e kda y a f t e rn o o n o ccu pa n cy

W e e kda y e v e n i n g o ccu pa n cy

W e e ke n d m o rn i n g o ccu pa n cy

W e e ke n d a f t e rn o o n o ccu pa n cy

W e e ke n d e v e n i n g o ccu pa n cy

GPunnaikodiRoad368%6%6%6%3%0%

HVenkatachalamShettySt2214%18%14%5%18%5% ISriShanmugamRoad1911%16%11%21%11%5% JFatherRandySt80%13%13%0%0%13% KLokmaniyaStW1613%19%6%25%13%19% LAzadSt5036%28%36%28%18%54% MSirCVRamanSt100%0%0%0%0%0% NLokamanyaStreetE3321%21%12%15%15%12% OVOCSt30%33%0%33%0%0%

PThilagarSt

QVenkatramanaRoad540%20%20%20%0%0% RSubramaniamRoad6110%13%7%11%13%10% SArunachalamRdW1020%20%10%20%10%0% TSrinivasaRagavanSt714%14%0%14%0%0% USundaramSt2313%17%13%9%13%0%

VKannusamyRoad2910%7%7%3%7%7% WEArokiasamyRoad10%0%0%0%0%0% XRamachandraRoad2015%20%15%10%0%5% YMecricarRoad1414%21%7%29%36%21%

ZSivaSubramaniamSt

AAArunachalamRdE50%0%0%0%0%0% BBSidhiVinayakarKoilSt

CCLocalStreets

DDThiyagiKumaranRoad30%33%0%33%33%0%

Identified Existing Off Street Parking Locations

Counts were taken for 3 different times of the day on a weekend and a weekday to determine the intensity of parking. The survey captured occupancy of all offstreet parking locations - both public and private- within the study area along with the full capacities of these locations. Overall, the total number of available off-street parking spots is 1798 in ECS. This includes 1312 spots on primary streets and 486 spots on secondary streets. These include 2 vacant lots, 130 private parking locations and one public multi-level car parking built and maintained by CCMC.

The data was analysed to understand if the off-street parking locations could offset some of the parking demand in the RS Puram neighbourhood. As the table in the previous spread shows, a majority of the locations have below 50% occupancy. This underutilized supply presents itself as an opportunity while regulating parking in the neighbourhood.

Case study:

CCMC Multi Level Car Parking, DB road

The off street parking occupancy shows that the newly operational multi-level car parking on DB road is currently very underutilized. It crosses 60% occupancy only on a weekend afternoon. This is in stark contrast with the high demand for on-street parking on DB road as shown below. The on-street parking spots are arrived at based on segment length and the various deductions as outlined in step 5 for ECS calculations.

CCMCMLCP38011519472205233140

O n -s t r e e t pa r ki n g s po t s *

30%51%19%54%61%37%

W e e kda y m o r n i n g o ccu pa n cy

W e e kda y a ft e r n o o n o ccu pa n cy

W e e kda y e v e n i n g o ccu pa n cy

W e e ke n d m o r n i n g o ccu pa n cy

W e e ke n d a ft e r n o o n o ccu pa n cy

W e e ke n d e v e n i n g o ccu pa n cy

DBRoad(1A-1B)77134332379136406311

DBRoad(1C-1D)695713917772251197

5 Summary of key findings from the assessment

Wide variety of parking generators

Although RS Puram is a residential neighbourhood, the mix of uses have led to several entities that function as parking generators. These are also dispersed throughout the neighbourhood. The commercial generators primarily along DB Road and TV Swamy Road draw visitors mostly in the evenings and on weekends while the offices and schools draw traffic in the morning and evening.

Public transport connectivity

There are 8 bus stops and several bus routes that pass through the neighbourhood. A ped shed diagram of these bus stops indicates that almost all parking generators fall within a 400 metres walking radius of these bus stops. This is an opportunity to shift at least some of the travel demand to the neighbourhood to public transport through a parking management plan.

Travel behaviour

More than 60% of visitors to RS Puram arrived in a two-wheeler both on weekdays and weekends. Visitors mostly traveled alone or with one other person on weekdays. On weekends, the incidence of larger groups (3 to 5 persons) visiting was more and this corresponds to the increase in number of cars as preferred mode over the weekend. Of those who came in their private mode of transport, 90% park on the street. Based on the origin of the respondents in the mode of access survey, a majority of respondents who visited RS Puram had trip lengths of approximately 3kms or less.

Time spent in the neighbourhood

40% of those visiting RS Puram spend less than an hour in the neighbourhood on weekends as well as weekdays. This indicates a demand for short- term on-street parking and a potential for higher revenues.

32% of respondents spend 8 hours and more on a weekday indicating that they work in the neighbourhood. This count drops to less than 20% on a weekend.

29% of those who came in a two wheeler parked on the street for 8 hours and more and 73% of them refused to pay for parking. 50% of those who came on two wheelers spent less than an hour in RS Puram and mostly parked on the street. 50% car users spent between 2 to 5 hours and also parked on the street. There is a high volume of vehicles, especially two wheelers that park long term on the streets and therefore render valuable street space unusable for other user groups through the day.

Willingness to pay for parking

Willingness to pay for parking was more amongst car users as compared to two wheeler users. Overall, 51% of respondents said that they would not pay

for parking. Of those who said no, 80% traveled to RS Puram by two wheelers. 29% said they would pay if the pricing was not too high. Most car users who spend between 2 to 5 hours parking on the street were willing to pay for parking. This also indicates a potential for revenue.

Behavioural change thresholds with regard to parking fees

The proposal of the highest price slab for parking fees prompted respondents to either find an alternate location for parking or reduce trips to the area in general while at the lowest price slab, respondents tended most towards not making any changes to their travel patterns or to shift their mode of travel from a car to two-wheeler.

Parking behaviour of residents

82% of residents who participated in the household survey said that they park all their vehicles within their own premises. This indicates that the demand is created only from visitors to the neighbourhood.

Off-street parking

There are several private off-street parking locations dispersed across the neighbourhood and one large public MLCP operated by CCMC.

Overall occupancy rates for off-street parking are well below 50% across both weekdays and weekends. This could be attributed to the lack of parking regulation on the street. However, this underutilized supply could facilitate the implementation of on-street parking regulations in the neighbourhood by absorbing some of the demand.

On-street parking

There is a high level of demand across several streets in RS Puram across both weekdays and weekends. Seven streets have a saturation of 85% and above on weekdays and thirteen streets have a saturation of above 85% on weekends. Parking volumes rise through the day and there is a peak in the afternoon. The occupancy wanes in the evening for both weekdays and weekends. Streets which are predominantly commercial in land use like DB road, TV Swamy road and East Arokiasamy Road are consistently over-parked on weekdays and weekends.

The on-street occupancy rates in several streets are also well over the possible allocations based on street ROW and ECS calculations which account for good practice norms of on-street parking. This indicates that the street space is compromised for other users in favour of on-street parking.

Overall, there is a need to regulate on-street parking across the neighbourhood. This will need to be done spatially as well as through pricing mechanisms.

Designating parking zones on the streets where it is viable as per the 6 typologies for streets suggested as part of this assessment will form part of the spatial strategy. The assessment also provides the proposed ECS spots that can be designated for parking management. The total number of these spots is 1720 with 842 spots on primary streets and 878 spots on secondary streets. This will need to be followed by a pricing plan for stretches that exhibit high parking demand. At INR 20 per hour, revenue generated per hour for these designated parking spots is INR 34,400 and at INR 40 per hour, this revenue jumps to INR 68,800 per hour. With saturation levels over 100% in more than half of the streets in RS Puram, it would not be difficult to achieve the full revenue potential of the parking management plan.

Dynamic pricing across different times of the day and between weekdays and weekends can be a viable option for increased revenue given the peaks in demand without any fluctuations to the parking pattern. Doing so can regulate the demand by dispersing it to other times of the day/ week or other off street locations. Short term on-street parking can be leveraged to manage the turnover and balance revenue generated while long term on-street parking will need to be discouraged to free up street space in favour of short term parking and other uses that encourage vibrant street life. Enforcement will be critical to ensure successful implementation of the proposed parking regulations.