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Z Healthy ecosystems through their regulating services help regulate our climate and other aspects of our natural environment. Forests and oceans regulate climate and moderate global warming by absorbing greenhouse gases from the atmosphere.
For example, the unique biodiversity of wetland ecosystems assists in the natural puriďŹ cation of water, trees in cities reduce air pollution, and mangrove forests and coral reefs protect coastal communities and their coastlines from erosion and the full force of tsunamis and storm surges. Vegetation cover helps prevent landslides and soil erosion. The spread of diseases such as cholera is controlled by access to clean water, a product of ecosystem services. The regulating services of ecosystems therefore make an important contribution to the natural equilibrium of our planet, which in turn beneďŹ ts human security and well-being.
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Healthy ecosystems and their biodiversity help maintain air quality, purify water, treat waste, and protect us from natural hazards, erosion, pests and diseases.
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