Critical Depth

CritiCal Depth

For water flowing in a culvert, it is important to know the critical depth. Though water may not actually be flowing at the critical depth, it is helpful to know if the actual water depth is greater than or less than critical.

As water flows down a culvert, the depth may change and pass through the critical depth if the bottom slope, geometry, or pipe material changes.

If the flow is initially subcritical and the channel slope increases, the water may undergo a hydraulic drop if it transitions from subcritical to supercritical.Â

Conversely, if the flow is supercritical and the culvert slope becomes flatter, then there could be a hydraulic jump such that the water passes through the critical depth as it becomes subcritical.

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