Drumchapel | Resurrecting an Area 2 | Masterplanning

Drumchapel Masterplan

Part II

Resurrecting an Area

PREPARED BY : HRISTO INDZHOV

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UNIT 5 - URBAN DESIGN STUDIES UNIVERSITY OF STRATHCLYDE

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CONTENTS: - Analysis

_ // Page 6

- Vision and Strategy

_ // Page 22

- Foundation Masterplan and Phases of development

_ // Page 40

- Detailed Masterplan

_ // Page 54

- Green Spaces and Ecology

_ // Page 82

- Character Areas and Special Places

_ // Page 88

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Detailed Masterplan

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5B /// 2018

Masterplan Secondary buildings in the plot Public fountain Zebra crossing Urban blocks/sidewalks Streets Trees Shared area Plots/ private gardens

L- density (detached houses) L= density (semi-attached houses) L+ density (terrace houses)

M- density (Multifamily houses) M= density (Multifamily block housing, 2 flats per floor) M+ density (Multifamily terrace block housing, 2 flats per floor)

H- density (Multifamily residential blocks, 2 flats per floor, 1 bedroom) H= density (Multifamily residential blocks , 2 flats per floor, >2 bedrooms) H+ density (Multifamily residential blocks >3 flats per floor) Public building Special building Existing building Existing building, outside the area of the masterplan

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Hristo Indzhov /// University of Strathclyde

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5B /// 2018

Masterplan 2D representation Secondary buildings in the plot Public fountain Zebra crossing Urban blocks/sidewalks Streets Trees Shared area Plots/ private gardens Public green spaces

L- density (detached houses) L= density (semi-attached houses) L+ density (terrace houses)

M- density (Multifamily houses) M= density (Multifamily block housing, 2 flats per floor) M+ density (Multifamily terrace block housing, 2 flats per floor)

H- density (Multifamily residential blocks, 2 flats per floor, 1 bedroom) H= density (Multifamily residential blocks , 2 flats per floor, >2 bedrooms) H+ density (Multifamily residential blocks >3 flats per floor) Public building Special building Existing building Existing building, outside the area of the masterplan

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Hristo Indzhov /// University of Strathclyde

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5B /// 2018

Street network Street network as an element of the masterplan is probably the most resilient element. Once a street is designet through area it stays there for at least decades. That is why, I can easily say that this is the most crucial element of successful master plan. Moreover, a well designed street network is a foundation for development.

To achieve these goals - first I need to have a clear understanding what are the factors that make a street network successful.

The following Characteristics should be achieved (Designing streets, 2010)

Pleasant and safe environment This is crucial element if I expect people to walk around the area. Based on the goal to achieve walkable environment - cyclist lanes will be provided at some places. For the pedestrian, sidewalks are provided. In addition, many different techniques are used to discourage vehicle usage in the area.

Another aspect of Safe environment is the crime rate - that is why enough lightning will be provided to improve the sense of safety.

Distinctive streets Strong character should be achieved throughout the district. The entire network follows the topography which in the most cases creates urban blocks with different shapes. Which improves significantly the sense of orientation. Moreover, there are relatively equally distributed spaces or attractors which will significantly improve the sense of orientation.

Adaptable Network of streets As stated above, streets are one of the most resilience elements of the masterplan. As a result street network should be adaptable and be able to satisfy needs of community nowadays, but equally important to satisfy need of people in 30 years time.

As a result streets are divided by few types and in case of unexpected population increase - secondary streets my become new main district nodes and accommodate new amenities etc.

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Hristo Indzhov /// University of Strathclyde

Permeability and Connectivity Targeting walkable environment the proposal should provide small urban blocks, well connected areas and easy to orientate realm. Another important aspect is to provide as shortest as possible routes.

In terms of connectivity the area should provide easy access to transport hubs and amenities to have a positive effect on the car dependence and car usage.

Cost efficient It clear that new nodes and streets are expensive elements for the masterplan. On the other hand, they may transform drumchapel from one of the most deprived areas into one of the most desired areas in the periphery of City of Glasgow. To reduce the expenses streets follow the topography and avoid excavating etc. To achieve the targeted street network - the new elements would be divided by stages.

Welcoming and Inviting The street network shall be attractive and clear for the users. To put it differently, streets shall become the place where activities are happening instead of just a route to somewhere. this could be achieved by street furniture provision and aesthetically pleasant streets.

Next, this aspect of the network is highly dependent on the buildings' fronts and other urban forms like green spaces etc.

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5B /// 2018

Main Urban roads Fig. 43 -Main urban streets

Purpose This type of street is the backbone of the entire area. These are the streets where most of the activities are expected. This is the main connection between - neighborhood nodes and the district node. To sum up, this typology of streets is most likely to be most use connection corridor but at the same time the final destination where activities would happen.

Structure

Pedestrians Landscape Street Parking Area Vehicular area Public transport Bicycle lane

3

2

2.5

3.5

3

3.5

2.5

3

23m

As you can this typology is simply divided by two areas one promoting walking and cycling and the other for cars and public transport.

Approximately 2/3 of the size of the street is devoted to pedestrians. As a result I expect less car usage in the area and more pedestrians and cyclist.

On the other hand street has wide sidewalks.

Next, as a major part of the green corridors connecting the green spaces this typology has many trees on both side of the street and in the middle part.

Fig. 44 -Main urban streets, location

Location This typology is located in the centre of the area (district node). This is the most central and important street type, because it has direct result over aspects like connectivity, accessibility, economy, public transport, etc. This typology is the main artery for moving around the district.

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Hristo Indzhov /// University of Strathclyde

Edge

Pavement

The building fronts are located on the street line (no setback) Moreover, in terms of use the ground floor of the building located on this type of street is expected to be public providing access to variety of amenities.

Pavement is provided on both sides of the street, with minimum size of 3m near the district centre, not only this, but near the junctions sidewalks are extended and make streets visually smaller and safer for pedestrians. In addition, the area for parking could also be used by pedestrian if not taken by cars.

Trees

Parking

Trees on this typology have many roles. First and foremost, they create a network between green spaces and create a continues park. Next, they serve to reduce the noise from the street.

Next, trees absorb some of the rain water and reduce the risk of flooding within the area. Moreover this increase the biodiversity and the aesthetic qualities of the area. Last but not least, trees are meant to serve as a visual barrier and help to reduce the speed of the vehicular transport in the district.

As a central part of the area it is expected to experience quite of traffic. That is why along the entire main district road there are spaces for parking. not only this but the residential building is the area have bigger density compared to more peripheral parts. The Parking area along this typology is a bit wider to assure safety of people leaving their cars.

Precedents

Fig. 45 - Gogolevsky Blvd, Moscow

Fig. 46 - Deaderick Street, Nashville

Fig. 47 - Lonsdale Street, Dandenong

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5B /// 2018

Neighborhood Main Streets/Secondary Streets

Fig. 48 - Secondary/ neighborhood streets

Pedestrians Landscape Street Parking Area Vehicular area Public transport Cycles

Pedestrians Landscape Street Parking Area Vehicular area Public transport Cycles 3

3.5

3

3.5

2.5

3

3

18.5m

3.5

3

3.5

2

3

18m

Fig. 48 - Secondary/ neighborhood streets, location

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Location The typology is located around Neighborhood centres and streets which has more important role in terms of location, access, and connections. Usually these streets are branches to the main district road and connect important nodes.

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Hristo Indzhov /// University of Strathclyde

Purpose

Structure

These streets are meant to serve the neighborhoods, and to support the main district roads and act as secondary district roads .At peak hours these streets will take care for part of the vehicular traffic.

As shown on the diagrams on the left these streets are narrower compared to main urban roads, but they still provide all the necessary lanes for successful pedestrian focused district. These streets complete, to some extend, the cyclist grid and provide basic but important corridors for cyclists.

There are 2nd sub-type of these streets where instead of dedicated cyclist area the street provides parking spaces. The sub-typologies vary based on needs of the area.

Edge

Pavement

The street edge varies on this typology based on the location. In the areas close to neighborhood centres the edge is lined with the street line and the ground floor is public. However, going away from the centres it is allowed buildings to set back and provide a small semi private garden in front of the buildings.

There is wide sidewalks provided similarly to previous typology.

In terms of pavement this typology is expected to generate activity on the sidewalks because of different local amenities which are in a walking distance to neighborhood community.

Similarly to Main urban roads many streets elements are provided to reduce the speed of the vehicles and make the environment safer for pedestrians and cyclists.

Trees

Parking spaces

Trees along this type of streets serve the same purpose as trees on the previous. The only difference is that on this typology the distance between trees is bigger to reduce expenses.

As mentioned before one of the subtypes provide parking spaces along one of the side of the streets.

Precedent

Fig. 49 - Main Street, Madison, CT

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5B /// 2018

Local Residential Streets

Fig. 50 - Local streets

Purpose This is the street typology that connects the main nodes to all the houses in the area. The importance of this typologies comes from the fact that these are the streets that forms the neighborhood realm and these are the connection that makes a neighborhood well organized.

Structure This typology provide all the basic elements of a street sidewalks and narrow street for cyclists and vehicles.

It is beneficial for the atmosphere of the street if the buildings are pushed back and provide garden in front of the house.

Pedestrians Landscape Street Parking Area Vehicular area Public transport Cycles 4

2

6

2

This typology also includes some of the small shared spaces like lanes and alleys.

4

10m

Fig. 51 - Local streets, location

Location This typology is located in between main urabn streets and secondary streets. It is the typology that actually define and organize areas within district, while other 2 typologies connect these areas.

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Hristo Indzhov /// University of Strathclyde

Edge

Pavement

The edge on this streets is not strictly defined. Architects and planners have more freedom to locate the building on the site. At this typology of streets the ground floor is residential so it is even recommended to provide some privacy and set the building back.

The sidewalks of this typology are smaller compared to previous typologies, that is because less activity is expected on these streets. Moreover, pavement extensions here are less then the extensions of previous typologies. In general, the traffic expected on these streets is relatively low.

The second sub-tybe ( alleys and shared spaces) the pavement is extended from end to end the different areas are identified by different texture.

Trees

Parking

Trees on this typology has mainly the purpose to absorb rainwater and to improve aesthetic qualities of the area.

Based on the typology of the buildings on the street there are parts where parking spaces are provided.

Precedents

Fig. 52 - Longfellow Str., Santa Monica

Fig. 53 - Green alley

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5B /// 2018

Street Coding

Fig. 54 - Main street codding

Main Urban road Street width - approx. 23m Vehicular area - 2x 3.5m Footway area - both sides 3m wide Bicycle lanes - yes, 2m wide Building line - formal within the area of district and neighborhood centres, informal for the rest of the street.

Max. Setback - up to 2.5m On street parking - yes, both ways Type of buildings - terrace and semi-attached

Fig. 55 - Secondary street codding

Main neighborhood roads/ Secondary roads Street width - approx. 18m Vehicular area - 2x 3.5m Footway area - both sides 3m wide Bicycle lanes - yes, or there are parking spaces instead Building line - formal within the area of district and neighborhood centres, informal for the rest of the street.

Max. Setback - up to 4m On street parking - yes, or there are bicycle lane instead Type of buildings - informal, neighborhood and district centres.

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Hristo Indzhov /// University of Strathclyde

Local streets/ Shared spaces Street width - between 11m and 7m

Fig. 56 - Local street codding

Vehicular area - yes /shared Footway area - yes, approx.2m Bicycle lanes - shared Building line - informal Max. Setback - no maximum On street parking - in some cases

Fig. 57 - Shared space codding

Type of buildings - terrace, semi-attached and detached

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5B /// 2018

Housing typology My goal is to create semi-autonomous township in the area with population around 25 000 people.

Based on Barton et al. (2010) drumchapel is below the threshold for township.

To achieve this goal drumchapel should attract more people and the area should provide them with enough typologies to satisfy everyones needs. On the other side, based on current population we need to satisfy their needs as well. Most of the current population are single parents and old people. That is why, huge part of the proposed typologies would be small flats or family houses. These typologies would more desirable for the current population. On the other, side the area might become very attractive for students if appropriate public transport is provided and even part of some universities campuses could be moved in the area, because of the lower price for flats. As a result, Small single or double bedroom flats would be perfect to serve their needs.

Fig. 58 - Sprawl repair manual, typologies

Based on my goals and chosen area, it is expected to provide units to support between 4500 - 5500 people. As a central part of Drumchapelthis area should exceed in activity and services to trigger the process of self growing. It is expected to provide variety of housing typologies to suit as many needs as possible.

It is important to note, the typologies are grouped based on approximate number of units they provide. In some cases, there is a difference in the size, because the value of a unit is different. For example, there are 70sqm flats and 120sqm both same typology because the have the same number of bedrooms but the quality and the size of the rooms is deferent.

Next, the typology should control the density in the district, it shall provide variety of density based on the location. For example while high density is required in the area of the district note, further away in the peripheral areas it is required lower density. Last, but not least, typologies should be located carefully in the area to ensure that they provide density enough to sustain active life in the area, but considering the location and not providing too many dwellings and as a result waste money.

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Hristo Indzhov /// University of Strathclyde

Housing Standards

It is expected new buildings to achieve curtain standards. This will ensure that the new dwellings cover some minimum level and they are suitable for living and good enough to sustain healthy lifestyle.

- BRE and BREEAM (2015) Home Quality Mark - Standart for design quality of the dwellings, until 2030 in the are is expected at least 85% of the buildings to meet BRE. - Ceequal (2015) - assessment method which guarantee that civil engineering project and infrastructure projects meet curtain degree of sustainability.

- Sabre - assessment method which guarantee safe buildings and environment. As well as, security of the infrastructure and reduce the range of potential treats.

- Police Security Initiative (2016) Secured by Design: Homes and New Schools 2016; - standard used to reduce crimes through design.

- Department for Communities and Local Government (2015), Technical housing standards - this standard deals with the internal quality of the buildings.

Fig. 59 - BREEAM

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5B /// 2018

Local Urban Code

Fig. 60 - Building typologies

TYPOLOGY

Units

168

206

51

83

Population

353

433

108

523

Use

Residential

Plot width

13m-20m

10m-16m

9m-15m

10m-20m

Building width

8m-15m

8m-13m

9m-15m

9m-15m

Open space

Residential

Residential/ Mixed-use Resid

Private Garden

Private Garden

Private Garden

Communal/ Balcony

Com

Setback

Setback

Setback

On Street/Setback

On

On site/On street

On site/On street

On street

On site/On street

On

Frontage

Parking

Residential

*if included in architectural project

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Hristo Indzhov /// University of Strathclyde

42

109

17

46

23

529

1374

286

773

580

use Residential/ Mixed-use Residential/ Mixed-use

Residential

~5000

Residential/ Mixed-use Residential/ Mixed-use

16m-23m

15m-30m

17m-28m

14m-29m

17m-27m

13m-20m

15m-30m

17m-28m

14m-29m

17m-27m

ny

Communal/ Balcony

Communal/ Balcony

Communal/ Balcony

Communal/ Balcony

Communal/ Balcony

k

On Street/Setback

On Street/Setback

On Street/Setback

On Street

On Street

On site/On street

On street

On street

On site*/On street

On site*/On street

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5B /// 2018

High density Buildings The highest density buildings (H+) Fig. 61 - H+ typology

This typology is only focus around the district centre. It advocates a public ground floor and 3 flats per floor.

Due to the public ground floor the ground floor shall be 4m. This typology has no setback and it is located on the street line, which ensures a direct entry into ground floor amenities. The private entry is located facing the main street as well. This will make it more exposed and prevent vandalism.

Reference of the typology - Bo01, Malmo (precedent) Fig. 62 - Bo01

and Vauban, Wiesentalstrasse Fig. 63 - Vauban 5

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Precedents for Design and Language

Fig. 64 - Mithun Architects, Seatle, WA Mosler lofts

Fig. 65 - Art Studio, Bulgaria Kozloduy Flats

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Hristo Indzhov /// University of Strathclyde

High density buildings (H= and H-)

Fig. 66 - H- and H= typology

This typology is located around both district and neighborhood centres. In some cases these buildings are expected to have public ground floor - same rule apply to them -4m height of the Ground Floor.

The difference between those two typologies is in the number of bedroom each of them provide- while H- is expected to provide flats with 1 bedroom, typology H= is expected to provide 2 bedrooms.

4

4

Reference to the typologies: Fig. 67 - Glasgow, West End, Woodlands (LUC, pg. 241)

4

4

Precedents for Design and Language

Fig. 68 - Lanserhof Tegernsee , Ingenhoven Architects

Fig. 69 - Studio Saheb, Niloofar 22

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5B /// 2018

Medium density Buildings Multifamily Small residential building (M+ and M=)

Fig. 70 - M+ and M= densities

This typology mainly organized around Peripheral district area and Transitional area. Although, This typology could be find around neighborhood centres. Ground floor here is with height 4 m as well to provide opportunities for good public fronts and amenities at the ground floor.

Reference to the typologies:

3

3

3

3

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Fig. 71 - Garnethill, Glasgow (LUC, 2014)

Precedents for Design and Language

Fig. 72 - Andrews Glen, SMR Architects

Fig. 73 - Vivazz, Mieres Social Housing / Zigzag Arquitectura

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Hristo Indzhov /// University of Strathclyde

Multi-family, Residential buildings (M-)

Fig. 74 - M- density

This typology is used mainly in Transitional area and in sometimes in peripheral neighborhood area. As a tool to diversify architectural style of areas or emphasize more important junctions or nodes in purely housing areas.

Next, this typology would be very appropriate for students or single parental households, due to the small number of flats it could help to strengthen connection between neighbors.

Reference to the typologies:

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Fig. 75 - Govan/Ibrox, Glasgow (LUC, 2014) pg. 101

Precedents for Design and Language

Fig. 76 - Townhouse of Red hook, AA Studio

Fig. 77 - BBC television townhouse,

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5B /// 2018

Low density Buildings Mixed-use buildings (H+)

Fig. 78 - Low densities

These are the building typologies for low density, they are Single family houses.

The difference is the way the building sits on the site : - Detached - Semi-attached - Terraced housing These 3 typologies are most used in the area. This types of buildings are expected to be most attractive to old people and people who are looking suburban type of life far from the city centre.

2

2

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Fig. 79 - Whiteinch, Glasgow (LUC, 2014) pg. 3

Fig. 80 - Upton, Northhampton

Precedents for Design and Language

Fig. 81 - Newhall, Harlow, Alison Brooks Architects

Fig. 82 - Maple House , Tony Hold Design

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Hristo Indzhov /// University of Strathclyde

Special Buildings and Special facades

Fig. 83 - South Molton Street Building, DSDHA

Fig. 84 - 333 N. Green Street, Sterling Bay They are located around the District node. The purpose of this typology is to give a character to the area and make it more unique. These building are located around the Carscadden burn to celebrate the transition natureurban realm and act as a gateways. On the other hand, the natural green park will increase the value of the plots and the land. (Wolch, 2014)

Fig. 85 - Dahua, Woods Bagot

Fig. 86 - Competition Borovets 2nd place, Bulgaria, ADA

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5B /// 2018

SUMMARY

Based on the proposed area excluding the open spaces there is an average density of 48 dwellings per sq. ha With this masterplan proposal and this LUC it is expected to provide home for approximately 5000 people. In event of unexpected increase of density parts of peripheral neighborhood areas could be included into neighborhood area or transitional area and change typology from low to medium. However, based on the location of drumchapel and current situation it is highly unlikely in 30 years the area to surpass the population of 5000 people.

Next, based on the plot passport if it is allowed people may change slightly the way this proposal look by transform detached houses into semiattached or terraced housing.

Another important aspect is that based on the urban code for the area there is maximum hight of 7m which doesn necesarry require 2 story buildings in this area 1 story buildings could be erected as far as they keep maximum of 7m between ground level and the eaves.

To sum up, this proposal is only one possible way to develop the area... Before any work is conducted or design process is pushed further discussion with community is mandatory.

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Hristo Indzhov /// University of Strathclyde

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Green spaces and Ecology

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5B /// 2018 Fig. 88 - Green network diagram

Ecological Network No connectivity No circuitry

- Green corridors

Approximately 8 sq.ha of the proposal area is taken by parks and green spaces. Luckily existing parks and natural open spaces are equally distributed and are within 400m of neighborhood centres. My task was to connect them and make them work as one mechanism

The proposal include very big green network connecting green spaces and other important nodes. The network is not only continues but it provides high level of circuitry. This means that in not only provides one route that connects the parks but variety of routes and micro loops.

Good connectivity Low circuitry

High connectivity High circuitry

Another aspect is the biodiversity of the greenery it is important for this network to provide as high level of biodiversity as possible. Main district road and main neighborhood note could easily adapt many small green spaces located at areas designed to break the street linearity and reduce cars in area. Moreover, Both of these street typologies have continues tree lines which becomes a perfect way to absorb rainwater and reduce the flood risk. In areas with higher flooding risk provided parking spaces would be covered with grass paving to improve the rain water absorption.

Another aspect of successful street network is SUDS. This is a sustainable system that mimic the nature and deal with the rain water. SUDS could either store, absorb or transport rain water.

In my proposal all of the 3 types would be used based on the requirements.

Fig. 89 - Absorbing type of SUDS

Fig. 90 - Storage type of SUDS

Fig. 91 - Absorbing type of SUDS implemented

Fig. 87 - Transportation type of SUDS

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Hristo Indzhov /// University of Strathclyde

- Open green spaces

Current situation of the green spaces is not really good. Currently it is quantity over quality, but the spaces are very bed maintained and lacks purpose.

Moreover, most of the area of work currently is unused land (grass only) The proposed green spaces would be carefully designed to provide diversity and in the same time they don't look like leftover which are transformed into park, but like land which from the beginning was dedicated to become a flourishing park which would provide space for relax to the neighborhood community.

In the area there are 2 types of open green spaces: - Natural Green space - Man-made Green space

- Natural Green spaces: In the area the natural green space is Garscadden Burn leaving the problems it creates aside, it is actually a very important green element for the entire district with relatively high biodiversity this place could become the main attractor for the area.

Moreover, the park is located in a direct connection with the district road. In addition the proposal aims to provide proper gateways to the park through series of special buildings.

Fig. 92 - Silver Falls State Park, Oregonv

To improve the area better alleys and more furniture should be provided, as well as, better lights and benches. In addition, Play area would be provided to improve the variety of activities and wooden sculptures to improve overall atmosphere

Fig. 93 - Fort Canning Park, wooden sculptures

Fig. 94 - Stone paths, Natural park Ayazmo, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria

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5B /// 2018

- Open green spaces

- Man-made green space I found drymchapel park extremely undeveloped, that is why in my proposal, new paths and alleys are included to brake the space and make it more useful.

More trees are added to improve the overall park expression and to create more enclosed and natural atmosphere. In addition elements like fountain and playgrounds would be added. The existing situation of the park had one more problem, the street that arguably could be defined as main district road was next to the park... in addition this is the place where entire traffic of the area was going through and this road was like a barrier between the entire area and the park. To repair this situation the street sizes were reduced and better defined gateways are formed.

The overall, result is better connected, well designed and more efficient space located within 5 min to the main district node and two of the neighborhood nodes.

Fig. 96 - Drumchapel park - existing

Fig. 94 - Drumchapel within the context

Fig. 95 - Park “5th October”, Stara Zagora Bulgaria

Fig. 97 - Scholars’ Green Park, gh3

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Hristo Indzhov /// University of Strathclyde

Conclusion In conclusion, The ecological network could have many forms and it is a complex mechanism of different small elements which combined together have massive effect over the area and the planet. It is almost like different network of nodes and connections similarly to district network.

Drumchapel with its vacant lands gives the opportunity and the freedom to be transformed and become an example of Eco-friendly environment similarly to Vauban.

The Overall idea is to create accessible, maintained and continues green network and green nodes to support and complement the urban network. In addition to ensure aesthetically good looking area, with reduced risk of flooding, improved air quality, reduce the noise form the street and improved comfort for residents.

Fig. 98 - Green Network

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Character Areas and Special Places

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5B /// 2018

Character areas

Fig. 99 - Character areas

AREA 5

Schematically the area of development is divided by 7 smaller areas based on the character that every area holds.

Area Area Area Area Area Area Area

1 - Area of Activities/ Central area 2 - Modern tenement area 3 - Transitional area/Urban area 4 - Quite Area 5 - "neighborhood unit" area (Perry,1929) 6 - Suburban area 7 - neighborhood area

AREA 2

*It is important to note- these names are abstract, they only encapsulate something about the "spirit" of the areas.

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Hristo Indzhov /// University of Strathclyde

AREA 7

AREA 6

AREA 3

Special Place 2

AREA 4

AREA 1

Special Place 1

AREA 2

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5B /// 2018

Special Place 1 The main Square Fig. 100 - Special place 1

This space would be the most central place for Drumchapel. It is reasonable to expect high levels of activity and huge number of people in it.

In terms of design - my initial ideas was to break the space and make it more usable.

Many types of urban furniture would be introduced to attract people and become more like a destination than transit corridor. The space would communicate with the acive fronts of the amenities on the opposite site of the area. In this case this open space would have significant impact on the amenities in direct proximity- increasing significantly the land value and the property value.

Next, the triangular building type -" flatiron" could easily become the new home for Edrington company. Which is currently located opposite of GoMA. in addition, this building could become like landmark and give character to the area.

At further stages of the project, special consideration to the gateway to Garscadden burn would be given.

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Hristo Indzhov /// University of Strathclyde

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5B /// 2018 Fig. 101 - Section of Special place 1

Section showing how spacious the space is even when it’s located between some of the tallest building in the area.

Fig. 102 - View 1

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Hristo Indzhov /// University of Strathclyde

m

45

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Fig. 103 - View 2

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5B /// 2018

Example of Plot passport

Fig. 104 Plot passport 1

Plot usage - Residential Building type - Attached/ terraced Building Frontage - Required public Ground floor Boundary treatment - type 1,2 or 3 Maximum Gross area - 4.5 ( 4.5xBuilding coverage) Building Height - Up to 15m Minimum Green coverage - 5% (of the plot area) Plot coverage - 80% (of the plot area) Building Amalgamation - Not allowed Building Lines - No setback

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Hristo Indzhov /// University of Strathclyde

Fig. 105 Plot passport 2

Plot usage - Residential Building type - Attached Building Frontage - Required public Ground floor

r

Boundary treatment - Type ,2 or 3 Maximum Gross area - 3.5 ( 2.5xBuilding coverage) Building Height - Up to 12m Minimum Green coverage - 20% (of the plot area) Plot coverage - 80% (of the plot area) Building Amalgamation - Not allowed Building Lines - No setback

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5B /// 2018

Special Place 2 A Local activity centre Fig. 106 - Special area 2

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Hristo Indzhov /// University of Strathclyde

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5B /// 2018 Fig. 107 - View 3

Fig. 108 - View 4

Fig. 109 - View 5

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Hristo Indzhov /// University of Strathclyde Fig. 110 - View 6

Fig. 111 - Section 2

This public space is designed to serve only the area around it. It is as well a public space but in a way more local way compared to space N1. The main goal behind this space was to give people in the area place to go when they are stressed or etc. This space is more like a communal space than an economically developing area. While imagining space N1 i could easily see a pub or bar located on the ground floor. Here I could see food store, coffeehouse, pharmacy etc. Much more quite spaces. Last but not least, the space would be perfect for kids to play in addition it just next to a playground.

GSPublisherVersion 0.0.100.100

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5B /// 2018

Example of Plot passport

Fig. 112 Plot passport 3

Plot usage - Residential Building type - Detached Building Frontage - Possibility for public ground floor Boundary treatment - Type 1 Maximum Gross area - 2.5 ( 2.5xBuilding coverage) Building Height - Up to 10m Minimum Green coverage - 35% (of the plot area) Plot coverage - 50% (of the plot area) Building Amalgamation - Not allowed Building Lines - No setback

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Hristo Indzhov /// University of Strathclyde

Fig. 113 Plot passport 4

Plot usage - Residential Building type - Detached Building Frontage - Residential only Boundary treatment - Type 1,3 or 4 Maximum Gross area - 2 ( 2xBuilding coverage) Building Height - Up to 7m Minimum Green coverage - 40% (of the plot area) Plot coverage - 40% (of the plot area) Building Amalgamation - Allowed Building Lines - Setback- Recommended

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5B /// 2018

References and list of figures Bibliography

Craig, A., 2003. The Story of Drumchapel.

DPZ, A. D., ....The Urban Transect.

Frank, L., et al., 2003. Health and community design: The impact of the built environment on physical activity, Washington, DC: Island Press.

GCC, 2016. Glasgow City Development Plan Jacobs, J., 1961. The death and life of great American cities. New York, NY: Vintage books.

Perry, C. A. (1929). The Neighborhood Unit: A scheme of arrangement for the family-life community regional plan of New York and its environs. New York, NY: Arno Press.

Resilient Glasgow, 2014. Our Resilient Glasgow: A City Strategy Romice et al., 2016. Urban design and Quality of life, Ch.14 , Handbook of Environmental Psychology and Quality of life. Nantes, France and Barcelona, Spain, Springer 2016 Tachieva, G., 2010. Sprawl repair manual, Island Press, 1718 Connecticut Ave., NW, Suite 300, Washington, DC Unit 2, 2017. History and Stories Booklet, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow Unit 3, 2017. Planning Framework Booklet, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow Unit 5, 2017. Network Analysis of Streets, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow Urban design unit 2013/2014, 2014. Local urban code, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow Website: Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation 2016 - http://simd.scot/2016/#/simd2016/ BTTTTTT/13/-4.5514/55.9649 (ONLINE) last accessed 26.04.2018 Wolch, J. R., Byrne, J., & Newell, J. P. , 2014. Urban green space, public health, and environmental justice: the challenge of making cities "just green enough". Landscape and Urban Planning. 234-244.

List of figures Fig. 1 - Drumchapel in 1914 (unit2, 2017) Fig. 2 - Drumchapel in 1958 (unit2, 2017) Fig. 3 - Drumchapel in 2017 (unit2, 2017) Fig. 4 - Drumchapel district within the context of Glasgow (author’s work, 2018) Fig. 5 - Photo of the area 1 (author Chavdarova, V.) Fig. 6 - Photo of the area 2 (author Chavdarova, V.) Fig. 7 - Drumchapel - site boundaries (author’s work, 2018) Fig. 8 -Spatial Representation of the plan to achieve the four strategic objectives (GCC, 2016a) Fig. 9 - Relationships of Glasgow City Development Plan (GCC, 2016a) Fig. 10 - What is City Resilience? (Resilient Glasgow, 2014) Fig. 11 - Connectivity (author’s work, 2018) Fig. 12 - Density and diversity (author’s work, 2018) Fig. 13 - Healthy environment (author’s work, 2018)

Fig. 14 - Existing plan (author’s work, 2018) Fig. 15 - Concept plan (author’s work, 2018) Fig. 16 - Concept diagram (author’s work, 2018) Fig. 17 Fig. 18 - Proposed Hierarchy of Roads Access (author’s work, 2018) Fig. 19 - Sprawl repair industry - before (DPZ, n.d.)

Fig. 20 - Sprawl repair industry - after (DPZ, n.d.)

Fig. 21 - Based on Diagram - “Routes for improvement” , 1 semester work author 4d (Group 4, 5A project, Urban Design Project, 2017) Fig. 22 - Upton, Northampton (Google image, author unknown) Fig. 23 - Upton, Northampton 2 (Google image, author unknown) Fig. 24 - Bo01, Malmo (Google image, author unknown) Fig. 25 - Bo01, Malmo 2 (Google image, author unknown) Fig. 26 - Wisbech, England (Google image, author unknown)

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Hristo Indzhov /// University of Strathclyde Fig. 27 - Wisbech, England 2 (Google image, author unknown) Fig. 28 - Vaubau, Freiburg (Google image, author unknown) Fig. 29 - Vaubau, Freiburg 2 (Google image, author unknown) Fig. 30 - Rieselfeld, Freiburg (Google image, author unknown) Fig. 31 - Methodology (author’s work, 2018) Fig. 32 - Transformation area (author’s work, 2018) Fig. 33 - In red - 5 % of the most deprived areas (Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation 2016) Fig. 34 - Proposed Street Network Fig. 35 - Stages of proposed network (author’s work, 2018) Fig. 36 - Existing public transport authors 4d vision Semester 1 Fig. 37 - Proposed public transport (author’s work, 2018) Fig. 38 - Areas based on location (author’s work, 2018) Fig. 39 - Stage 1 of development (author’s work, 2018) Fig. 40 - Central area in contrast to existing buildings(author’s work, 2018) Fig. 41 - Stage 2 of development (author’s work, 2018) Fig. 42 - Stage 3 of development (author’s work, 2018) Fig. 43 - Main urban streets (author’s work, 2018) Fig. 44 - Main urban streets, location (author’s work, 2018) Fig. 45 - Gogolevsky Blvd, Moscow (Google image, Author unknown) Fig. 46 - Deaderick Street, Nashville (Google image, Author unknown) Fig. 47 - Lonsdale Street, Dandenong (Google image, Author unknown) Fig. 48 - Secondary/ neighborhood streets (author’s work, 2018) Fig. 49 - Main Street, Madison, CT (Google image, Author unknown) Fig. 50 - Local streets (author’s work, 2018) Fig. 51 - Local streets, location (author’s work, 2018) Fig. 52 - Longfellow Str., Santa Monica Google image Fig. 53 - Green alley Google image Fig. 54 - Main street codding (author’s work, 2018) Fig. 55 - Secondary street codding (author’s work, 2018) Fig. 56 - Local street codding (author’s work, 2018) Fig. 57 - Shared space codding (author’s work, 2018) Fig. 58 - Sprawl repair manual, typologies (Google image, Author unknown) Fig. 59 - BREEAM (Google image, Author unknown) Fig. 60 - Building typologies (author’s work, 2018) Fig. 61 - H+ typology (author’s work, 2018) Fig. 62 - Bo01 Google image (author unknown) Fig. 63 - Vauban Google image (author unknown) Fig. 64 - Mithun Architects, Seatle, WA, Mosler lofts Google image Fig. 65 - Art Studio, Bulgaria Kozloduy Flats Google image Fig. 66 - H- and H= typology (author’s work, 2018) Fig. 67 - Glasgow, West End, Woodlands (LUC, pg.

Fig. 86 - Competition Borovets 2nd place, Bulgaria, author ADA Fig. 87 - Transportation type of SUDS (Google image, author unknown) Fig. 88 - Green network diagram (author’s work, 2018) Fig. 89 - Absorbing type of SUDS , author unknown Fig. 90 - Storage type of SUDS (Google image, author unknown) Fig. 91 - Absorbing type of SUDS implemented (Google image, author unknown) Fig. 92 - Silver Falls State Park, Oregon (Google image, author unknown) Fig. 93 - Fort Canning Park, wooden sculptures (Google image, author unknown) Fig. 94 - Stone paths, Natural park Ayazmo, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria (author unknown) Fig. 95 - Park “5th October”, Stara Zagora Bulgaria (Google image) Fig. 96 - Drumchapel park - existing (Google image, author unknown) Fig. 97 - Scholars’ Green Park, gh3 (Google image, author gh3) Fig. 98 - Green Network (author’s work, 2018) Fig. 99 - Character areas (author’s work, 2018) Fig. 100 - Special area 1 (author’s work, 2018) Fig. 101 - Section 2 (author’s work, 2018) Fig. 102 - View 1 (author’s work, 2018) Fig. 103 - View 2 (author’s work, 2018) Fig. 104 - Plot passport 1 (author’s work, 2018) Fig. 105 - Plot passport 2 (author’s work, 2018) Fig. 106 - Special area 2 (author’s work, 2018) Fig. 107 - View 3 (author’s work, 2018) Fig. 108 - View 4 (author’s work, 2018) Fig. 109 - View 5 (author’s work, 2018) Fig. 110 - View 6 (author’s work, 2018) Fig. 111 - Section 2 (author’s work, 2018) Fig. 112 - Plot passport 3 (author’s work, 2018) Fig. 113 - Plot passport 4 (author’s work, 2018)

241)

Fig. 68 - Lanserhof Tegernsee , Ingenhoven Architects Fig. 69 - Studio Saheb, Niloofar 22 Fig. 70 - M+ and M= densities (author’s work, 2018) Fig. 71 - Garnethill, Glasgow (LUC, 2014) Fig. 72 - Andrews Glen, SMR Architects Fig. 73 - Vivazz, Mieres Social Housing / Zigzag Arquitectura Fig. 74 - M- density (author’s work, 2018) Fig. 75 - Fig. 75 - Govan/Ibrox, Glasgow (LUC, 2014)

pg. 101

Fig. 76 - Townhouse of Red hook, author AA Studio Fig. 77 - BBC television townhouse, (author unknown) Fig. 78 - Low densities (author’s work, 2018) Fig. 79 - Whiteinch, Glasgow (LUC, 2014) pg. 3 Fig. 80 - Upton, Northhampton (Google image, author unknown) Fig. 81 - Newhall, Harlow, Alison Brooks Architects Fig. 82 - Maple House , Tony Hold Design Fig. 83 - South Molton Street Building, author DSDHA Fig. 84 - 333 N. Green Street, Sterling Bay Fig. 85 - Dahua, Woods Bagot (Google image)

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