Presentation wakatobi philip kang

Asia-Pacific Conference "Local Government Voices Toward HABITAT III on a New Urban Agenda" 5 September 2015, Wakatobi, Indonesia

Sustainable Urban Development in Asia-Pacific: Towards a New Urban Agenda Presented by Kyungkoo Philip Kang Economic Affairs Officer Sustainable Urban Development Section, ESCAP

Asia-Pacific Conference "Local Government Voices Toward HABITAT III on a New Urban Agenda" 5 September 2015, Wakatobi, Indonesia

World is urbanizing rural 63%

urban 37%

1970

rural 53%

urban 47%

2000

rural 40%

urban 60%

2030

Just in 60 years – 1/3 to 2/3 urban!

Asia-Pacific Conference "Local Government Voices Toward HABITAT III on a New Urban Agenda" 5 September 2015, Wakatobi, Indonesia

World is urbanizing 9 billion in 2050 7 billion in 2011

Asia-Pacific Conference "Local Government Voices Toward HABITAT III on a New Urban Agenda" 5 September 2015, Wakatobi, Indonesia

How has Asia-Pacific urbanized?

Asia-Pacific Conference "Local Government Voices Toward HABITAT III on a New Urban Agenda" 5 September 2015, Wakatobi, Indonesia

Asia-Pacific urban landscape Cities in numbers: • Total 4.3 billion Asia-Pacific population • 3.2 billion urban from current 2.1 billion (by 2050) • 47.7% living in urban (2014)/>50% (2018) • 10 out of 15 largest cities • 17 are megacities (over 10 million) • 30.5% live in slums (2009) • Spend $10 trillion on infrastructure development in the next 10 years

Asia-Pacific Conference "Local Government Voices Toward HABITAT III on a New Urban Agenda" 5 September 2015, Wakatobi, Indonesia

Asia-Pacific urban landscape Absolute population numbers and relative change, by sub-region, 2000 and 2014 (thousands and %) Sub-region

East and North-East Asia

South-East Asia South and South-West Asia

North and Central Asia Pacific Total Asia-Pacific Total World

2000

2014

Average annual change 2000-14

Urban Population, mid-year, 1950-2025 (thousands) Sub-region

1950

1975

2000

2025

117,478

273,629

617,070 1,137,080

1,484,625

1,606,039

0.6

East and North-East Asia

524,410

625,982

1.3

South-East Asia

26,066

74,039

199,681

370,921

1,511,026

1,847,319

1.4

South and SouthWest Asia

84,212

194,186

461,584

853,263

North and Central Asia

54,207

112,692

139,178

144,665

7,906

15,450

22,013

31,791

289,868

669,995

217,747

224,562

0.2

31,208

38,814

1.6

3,769,016

4,342,716

1.0

6,127,700

7,243,784

Source: World Urbanisation Prospects: The 2014 revision, files 01 and 05

1.2

Pacific Total Asia-Pacific

1,439,52 2,537,720 8

Source: World Urbanisation Prospect: The 2014 revision, file 03.

Asia-Pacific Conference "Local Government Voices Toward HABITAT III on a New Urban Agenda" 5 September 2015, Wakatobi, Indonesia

Asia-Pacific urban landscape Rapid urbanization started from 1980s with trade liberalization and globalization (corresponds with economic activity) North-East and South-East Asia grew and urbanized faster compared to South & South-West Asia and the Pacific In North & Central Asia as economies declined so did the rates of urbanization

Urbanization Level in Asia-Pacific 120

100

80

Urbanizaion Level (%)

60

40

20

0 1980 1995 2010 2025

ASEAN Central Asia ESCAP ESCAP developed economies ESCAP developing economies High income econ.

Pacific island dev. econ.

SAARC

Asia-Pacific Conference "Local Government Voices Toward HABITAT III on a New Urban Agenda" 5 September 2015, Wakatobi, Indonesia Note: Yellow shading denotes megacities over 10 million people.

Asia and Pacific Largest Urban Agglomerations, 1990, 2014 and 2030 (thousands) Rank 1990

2014

2030

Agglomeration

Country

1990

2014

2030 projection

1

1

1

Tokyo

Japan

32,530

37,833

37,190

6

2

2

Delhi

India

9,726

24,953

36,060

11

3

3

Shanghai

China

7,823

22,991

30,751

3

4

4

Mumbai

India

12,436

20,741

27,797

2

5

8

Kinki (Osaka)

Japan

18,389

20,123

19,976

13

6

5

Beijing

China

6,788

19,520

27,706

14

7

6

Dhaka

Bangladesh

6,621

16,982

27,374

12

8

7

Karachi

Pakistan

7,147

16,126

24,838

4

9

9

Kolkata

India

10,890

14,766

19,092

15

10

13

Istanbul

Turkey

6,552

13,954

16,694

22

11

11

Chongqing

China

4,011

12,916

17,380

10

12

12

Manila

Philippines

7,973

12,764

16,756

7

13

22

Moscow

Russian Federation

8,987

12,063

12,200

24

14

10

Guangzhou, Guangdong

China

3,072

11,843

17,574

19

15

15

Tianjin

China

4,558

10,860

14,655

25

16

20

Shenzhen

China

875

10,680

12,673

9

17

17

Jakarta

Indonesia

8,175

10,176

13,812

5

18

24

Seoul

Rep. of Korea

10,518

9,775

9,960

21

19

14

Bangalore

India

4,036

9,718

14,762

18

20

16

Chennai

India

5,338

9,620

13,921

8

21

25

Chukyo (Nagoya)

Japan

8,407

9,373

9,304

17

22

21

Bangkok

Thailand

5,888

9,098

11,528

20

23

19

Hyderabad

India

4,193

8,670

12,774

23

24

18

Lahore

Pakistan

3,970

8,500

13,033

16

25

23

Tehran

Iran

6,365

8,353

9,990

Note: Megacities are marked with shading.

Source: World Urbanisation Prospects: The 2014 revision, file 22.

Asia-Pacific Conference "Local Government Voices Toward HABITAT III on a New Urban Agenda" 5 September 2015, Wakatobi, Indonesia

Is there an Asia-Pacific urban storyline?

Asia-Pacific Conference "Local Government Voices Toward HABITAT III on a New Urban Agenda" 5 September 2015, Wakatobi, Indonesia

Towards a Sustainable, Inclusive & Resilient Urban Future for Asia and the Pacific New urban transformation: rethinking urbanism - A region of megacities, and increasingly mega-urban regions: a redefinition of urban space - Significantly understated: the rise & role of secondary cities - Rethinking urban planning in the absence of formal urban planning The region’s cities face an equity crisis: the challenge of inequality is as great today as is poverty eradication Cities & economic transformation: a qualified success story Closing urban divides – old, new and emerging - Urbanization of poverty - Transforming urban economies: from quantity to quality of growth

Asia-Pacific Conference "Local Government Voices Toward HABITAT III on a New Urban Agenda" 5 September 2015, Wakatobi, Indonesia

Towards a Sustainable, Inclusive & Resilient Urban Future for Asia and the Pacific The region needs to urgently enhance its environmental sustainability - Resource gaps are growing: energy, water – while waste to resource must underpin future strategies - It is no longer possible to address these crises in isolation: integrated/nexus solutions are essential for eco-efficiency - Holistic green urbanism and low carbon models need implementation In this century the future existence of many cities will be in doubt -Cities at risk through climate change: especially low-lying cities represent half of urban population -Greater concentration of economic & other assets in cities: ‘concentrated vulnerabilities’ -Urban climate resilience needs to be inclusive & pro-poor

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Asia-Pacific Conference "Local Government Voices Toward HABITAT III on a New Urban Agenda" 5 September 2015, Wakatobi, Indonesia

Towards a Sustainable, Inclusive & Resilient Urban Future for Asia and the Pacific Creating cities for all and rising standard of living Rise of the world’s largest middle class Harnessing diversity through equity Investing in social policy and inclusion: the next driver of growth?

From competitive to collaborative governance - Renewing urban governance agendas: moving beyond centralised or decentralised models - Closing the urban finance gaps - The need for national urban policies to give municipalities more decision making

Asia-Pacific Conference "Local Government Voices Toward HABITAT III on a New Urban Agenda" 5 September 2015, Wakatobi, Indonesia

What are the opportunities to change?

Asia-Pacific Conference "Local Government Voices Toward HABITAT III on a New Urban Agenda" 5 September 2015, Wakatobi, Indonesia

Rio+20 Outcome Document: Strong Political Commitment

 Includes references to cities & local government  Para 134-137: Sustainable cities and human settlements  Meeting urban challenges ‘through integrated planning & management approaches, cities can promote economically, socially & environmentally sustainable societies’ (para 134)  Focus on ‘sustainable urban planning & design’ and the importance of considering disaster risk reduction, resilience and climate risks in urban planning (para 135)  Underlined ‘the need to adopt measures to address floods, droughts, and water’ (para 123)

Asia-Pacific Conference "Local Government Voices Toward HABITAT III on a New Urban Agenda" 5 September 2015, Wakatobi, Indonesia

Opportunities for sustainable urban development: Implementation Sustainable Development Goals 11: “Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable” Proof that urban issue is now high on the post-2015 development agenda Provides 7 targets which cover various aspects of sustainable cities such as housing, transport systems, environmental impact of cities, and green and public spaces 3 Means of Implementation targets Measuring progress of sustainable cities will be possible and reporting will be required each year

Asia-Pacific Conference "Local Government Voices Toward HABITAT III on a New Urban Agenda" 5 September 2015, Wakatobi, Indonesia

Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable. By 2030…

11.1 Ensure access for all to adequate, safe and affordable housing and basic services, and upgrade slums 11.2 Provide access to safe, affordable, accessible and sustainable transport systems (…) special attention to women, children, persons with disabilities and older persons 11.3 Enhance (…) participatory, integrated and sustainable human settlement planning and management 11.4 Strengthen efforts to protect and safeguard the world’s cultural and natural heritage 11.5 Reduce number of deaths and affected people, decrease GDP losses caused by disasters (…) with the focus on protecting the poor and people in vulnerable situations 11.6 Reduce the adverse per capita environmental impact of cities, including by paying special attention to air quality, municipal and other waste management 11.7 Provide universal access to safe, inclusive and accessible, green and public spaces, particularly for women and children, older persons and persons with disabilities

Asia-Pacific Conference "Local Government Voices Toward HABITAT III on a New Urban Agenda" 5 September 2015, Wakatobi, Indonesia

Road to Habitat III, Quito, Equator 17-20 October 2016

Asia-Pacific Conference "Local Government Voices Toward HABITAT III on a New Urban Agenda" 5 September 2015, Wakatobi, Indonesia

Sixth Asia-Pacific Urban Forum, 19-21 October 2014, Jakarta  Multi-stakeholder consultation forum – only kind in AP  Theme “Sustainable urban development in Asia-Pacific: Towards a New Urban Agenda”  Held every 4-5 years (started in 1993)  Broad-based topics covered  Consists of plenaries, mayors roundtable, parallel sessions, side events, special events, exhibitions, etc.  Chairman’s summary as input to HLM

Asia-Pacific Conference "Local Government Voices Toward HABITAT III on a New Urban Agenda" 5 September 2015, Wakatobi, Indonesia

High-level Regional Preparatory Meeting for Habitat III, 21-22 October 2015, Jakarta  Back-to-back with APUF-6 to have synergy  ESCAP Resolution 70/12 provides the mandate to support  HABITAT III secretariat will lead the process and organization  Government of Indonesia decided to host (elected member of the Bureau of the PrepCom for Habitat III)  Indonesia to host PrepCom III in July 2016 in Surabaya

Asia-Pacific Conference "Local Government Voices Toward HABITAT III on a New Urban Agenda" 5 September 2015, Wakatobi, Indonesia

State of Asia and Pacific Cities Report  One of the most comprehensive reports of its kind in the region  Part of UN-Habitat’s global, regional & national report series  First edition was launched at the Fifth Asia-Pacific Urban Forum, Bangkok, June 2011  Broad urban spectrum: demographics, economic, social, environmental, climate change, governance, finance  Preparations for 2nd edition currently underway for launching in October 2015 

Downloadable: http://mirror.unhabitat.org/pmss/listItemDetails.aspx?publicationID=3078

Asia-Pacific Conference "Local Government Voices Toward HABITAT III on a New Urban Agenda" 5 September 2015, Wakatobi, Indonesia

ESCAP Project: Pro-poor and Sustainable Solid Waste Management for Secondary Cities and Small Towns Funded: Gates Foundation Period: 2009-2015 Partner: Waste Concerns (NGO) Objective: Assist cities in Asia-Pacific to effectively manage waste in a propoor, environmentally sustainable and economically viable manner through Ha Tinh the promotion of decentralized Integrated Resource Recovery Centers Hoi An Sites: 13 cities in 5 countries Kon Tum Website: www.waste2resource.org Mardan

Quy Nhon

Islamabad

Viet Nam

Karachi

Pakistan

Matale Ratnapura

Sri Lanka

Kushtia

Battambang Kamp Ta Khmao Bangladesh ot

Cambodia

21

Asia-Pacific Conference "Local Government Voices Toward HABITAT III on a New Urban Agenda" 5 September 2015, Wakatobi, Indonesia

“Our struggle for global sustainability will be won or lost in cities. The potential of urbanization to lift millions of people from poverty and to accelerate economic growth is huge, as demonstrated in recent decades by some of the major emerging economies.�

United Nations Secretary-General Mr. Ban Ki-moon Message delivered at 25th Session of the UN-Habitat Governing Council, Nairobi, 22 April 2015 For more information about our work, please visit http://www.unescap.org/our-work/environment-development/urban-development

Terimah kasih!