UCLG ASPAC Newsletter Vol 27

FOREWORD

Dear all members and partners,

Dear readers,

As you received this Newsletter, you are attending UCLG ASPAC Executive Bureau and Council Meeting 2017, the second and last session in 2017. Taking the theme Marine Economy and Urban Development, we are cultivating much more opportunities to extend our efforts in accelerating development. Don’t miss. This is the platform where we all can share, inspire and strengthen each other.

I am very happy to meet you again to share what we have achieved and what we can do together to make improvements. This is the last Newsletter of this year, and I am glad to inform you that as the most dynamic region, we have continued to thrive apart from challenges that we still face.

Our region is rich and full of potencies. Strong cooperation and coordination that we build is foundation that will lead us all to the betterment of Asia and the Pacific. Seeing the cooperation and enthusiasm that you all have shown makes me believe that I will see much more developments in years to come.

In this occasion, allow me to sincerely thank you all for the commitment and partnership that you all showed. Our organization is much more strengthened and thriving because of our strong connection, a vital foundation for us to face challenges to come.

We, at Secretariat, always strive to present fresh insights to all of our members. We also would like to reflect it in our communication channels, this Newsletter included. Starting from this volume, you will gain much more knowledge on essential issues. And for this volume, it starts with Marine Economy and Urban Development; topic that we draw from the theme of second Executive Bureau and Council Meeting 2017.

I am also proud to share to you the achievement that we have anticipated so long. The implementation of waste to energy project in Jambi City and Malang Regency is one among many. Other achievement that we can also be proud of is that we have finally started the building of public space project in Keputih, and handed over the participatory design for revitalizing puppet theatre in Surakarta.

Last but not least, let me also thank the Secretariat Team for their hardwork and commitment to always support me and also all of our members and partners to get to our common goal, better Asia-Pacific region.

I really hope that the information and knowledge that we present will inspire you more and more and encourage you to take further actions for the success of local development.

Therefore, as always, I invite you to enjoy the material, and take the liberty to contact us for improvements. Because only by collaborating with all of our members, we can move forward together.

Won Hee-Ryong President

Bernadia Irawati Tjandradewi Secretary General

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LOCAL GOVERNMENTS Newsletter | Volume 27 | May - October 2017

CONTENTS Marine Economy: The Sustainable Economic Model

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Food Security: The edge of exploring marine economy for Asia-Pacific region

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Nature Calls for Action: Challenges in Coastline Cities

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Leveraging Culture for Urban Regeneration

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New Dimension of Digital World: Augmented and Virtual Reality, Potentials for Local Development

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Developing Local Economy in Seberang Perai

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Inclusivity, Share Responsibilities of Living in the City

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Seeing The Light, A Novel Approach to a Key Infrastructure Project

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Turning Waste into Gold, A Reward System Service of Recyclables

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Update from the Secretariat: A Continuous Commitment to Catalyze Local Change

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Voice of Youth: How do they see their role in Local Development Process?

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Sub-Region Update

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2018 UCLG ASPAC Calendar of Activities

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LOCAL GOVERNMENTS Newsletter | Volume 27 | May - October 2017

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Marine Economy: The Sustainable Economic Model A Glimpse from Asia-Pacific Cities

Jakarta ·

M

ARINE economy or commonly known as “blue economy” is an economic strategy that focuses on the exploration and maximization of the use of marine resources.

(UNCTAD, 2014).

Local government has planned to turn the fish market area in Penjaringan, North Jakarta into a marine tourism destination with the huge plaza to attract tourists. The project is financed by private companies’ corporate social responsibility (CSR) programs.

Gujarat ·

· ·

The frontline of India marine economy development. Project to boost marine activities: Sagarmala Programme that managed to implement 40 projects for port modernization and new port development, port connectivity enhancement, port-led industrial development, and coastal community development.

Has signed off a cooperation with Port of Rotterdam to lend its expertise in a slew of projects: planning for new ports. Has cooperated with Netherlands-based Shipping and Transport College Group to provide international maritime transport and logistics educations.

Gujarat has contributed around 40% of the total Indian Maritime trade; benefitting from its strategic location: along the western coast of India and thus having the longest coastline of 1600 km among the Indian provinces.

Balochistan

Marine economy is now deemed as a lucrative and sustainable economic model for a region to further develop.

The fact that oceans and seas cover two thirds of the earth’s surface makes the need for its sustainable management undeniable.

· · · · ·

Possessing rich fishing grounds for marine products, such as tuna and mackerel, sardines, catfish and croakers, shrimps, squid, and crab.

Balochistan’s coastline is one of the most productive marine ecosystem of the world. It produces around 200.000 tons of fish per year.

Has attracted investment to expand the fishing fleet, fish processing, fishing training centre, supply of marine engines, and boat building.

Has cooperated with China to develop marine economy through ChinaPakistan Economic Corridor taking place in port of Gwadar, the western part of coast of Makran (Balochistan).

Balochistan’s fish production with total amount of 90.000 tons has also been exported to other countries, such as China, Japan, the Middle East, Sri Lanka, Germany, the US, and the UK.

Australian Local Governments ·

Marine economy contributed USD 74.2 billion for the local economic development in 2013—2014. It accounts for 4.8% of national GDP and it provides almost 400.000 jobs.

Male City, Maldives · ·

Marine tourism is the largest sector of economy. It plays key role in earning foreign exchange revenues and generating employment in tertiary sector of the country.

Fishery is the second largest foreign exchange generator. It provides job opportunity for local people.

Why Important ·

The development of marine economy is driven by investments that reduce carbon emissions and pollution, enhance energy efficiency, harness the power of natural capital and halt the loss of biodiversity and the benefits that ecosystems provide (UNEP, 2013).

·

The development of marine economy can reduce food loss and waste along the value chain, energy efficiency, and innovative financing or technologies.

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LOCAL GOVERNMENTS Newsletter | Volume 27 | May - October 2017

New Urban Agenda, commitment 71 SDGs Goal 13 (target 13.B.1), Goal 14 (target 14.1, 14.2, 14.7, 14.B, 14.C) Agenda 21 (target 9.21.c,d, and 17.1) Kien Giang · · · · · ·

Has rich potentials to develop marine economy. Its annual growth is at the rate of 2.54% in sea food exploitation, produces 200.000 tonnes of seafood in area of 2.200 hectares and earns USD 147 million in export revenue annually.

Sets up strong seafood enterprises, plan marine economic activities, and zone off areas for local processing businesses.

Has planned to develop further high technology fishing and constructing sea ports as well as fish markets in local areas.

Has proper investment in seafood, tourism, marine transport, fishing services, and seafood processing industry.

The sea-based economic sector contributed to over 75% of local GDP in 2015. Due to the marine economy, the annual GDP per capita doubled that of 2010 to reach around USD 3.000.

Project implementation to boost marine economy: Vinpearl Phu Quoc eco-tourism resort, Phu Quoc international airport, Bai Vong port, An Thoi international port, and waterway transport systems.

Busan · · ·

Busan, the second largest city in South Korea, is one of the ambitious cities to develop marine economy. Mayor of Busan, Suh Byung Soo, said the government aims to make Busan as a Northeast Asian hub for maritime logistics and finance.

The Local government also worked hard to build a new airport as the city’s Gimhae International airport that will reach full capacity by 2023. In achieving the ambitious objectives, Busan managed to attract Las Vegas Sands Corps to invest 5 trillion won project for marine economy.

Busan government committed a 250 billion won budget to expand city’s port and 11.5 billion won for coastal maintenance projects.

Vanuatu ·

· ·

Possess large area of marine resources, encompassing an exclusive economic zone of approximately 680.000 square kilometers.

Fishing industry is critical for economic development, particularly rural areas. It exploits the country’s marine resource through the offshore-commercial and artisanal-subsistence fisheries.

However, fishery sector in Vanuatu is still underexploited and there is a need to improve in catching, handling, and marketing system and commercialization of the domestic fishing industry.

Vanuatu explored its marine economy by giving license to foreign nations to catch fish within their EEZ. In 2008, USD 1.36 million was earned.

New Zealand · · ·

Marine is an important sector for society and economy in New Zealand.

Almost all imports and exports pass through the ocean.

In 2013, marine economy contributed USD 4.0 billion, 1.9% of total GDP to New Zealand’s economy with offshore minerals as the largest contributor at 48%.

To develop local economy, in 2014, New Zealand increased collaboration with Seychelles, a country in East Africa, particularly for blue economy.

CALL TO ACTION

Local government need to fully exercise its authority, particularly related to the development of marine industry. It includes policy development that caters to infrastructure enhancement, marine protection, and boost marine local economic development.

Explore partnership scheme involving various stakeholders (locals, international organizations, other cities) and give continuous support to private sectors to invest in marine related sectors.

Boost research to be able to continuously develop marine field, overcome its problems, and even anticipate issues that may arise.

Challenges:

Unsustainable extraction of marine resources. Approximately 57% of fish stocks are fully exploited and another 30% are over exploited, depleted, or recovering.

Marine pollution. Excessive nutrients from untreated sewerage, agricultural runoff, marine debris such as plastics, and other pollution from human activities.

Physical alterations and destruction of marine and coastal habitats and ecosystems.

Impacts of climate change. Sea-level rise and more intense and frequent weather events.

Unfair trade. Low appropriation of fisheries export revenues by national operators and insufficient transfer to national stakeholders of specific fishing knowledge by foreign fishing companies.

LOCAL GOVERNMENTS Newsletter | Volume 27 | May - October 2017

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How Far Can You Go? B

ecoming well known for initiating the marine development, local governments in China have been appointed as pilot cities. See how much has been done and what lies in store.

FUJIAN ROLE IN CHINA MARINE ECONOMY ·

Fujian is the core area of the “21st Century Maritime Silk Road.”

·

Fuzhou City of Fujian Province was the main starting point of China ancient Maritime Silk Road. Located on the southeast coast of the Chinese mainland, Fujian is a vital hub on the north and south shipping lines in the West Pacific.

·

Compared to the other cities in China, Fujian marine procuts resources are very abundant. Fujian marine resources represent more than 50% in the world.

·

The port of Mawei in Fuzhou is a major distribution centre for fish caught by Chinese ocean-going vessels and vital port for the import and export of marine products.

·

Fujian has 3.275 kilometer coastline, 125 harbors, and 2.215 islands. The ratio of coastline and deep-water shoreline both rank first in China, explaining why the province matters for the China marine economy.

·

In Fujian province, marine-related economic activities, such as marine industry, marine transportation, coastal tourism, marine aquatic products, and so on accounted for 79.2% of the city’s total marine production.

·

Fujian has been the important province in China for international trade and cooperation.

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Fujian is also home to ports forming China’s Southeast International Shipping Centre.

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Fujian has an active participation in the UN Maritime-Continental Silk Road Cities Alliance with a purpose to promote trade and investment among Silk Road cities.

·

Marine sector plays important part for the local economic development. The marine economic added value accounts for 20.88% of the city’s GDP. The total output value of marine economy in the city accounts nearly 30%.

·

To attain the ambitious objectives in as the international hub of marine economy in China, Fujian provincial government had issued a “Thirteen Five Economic Development Plan Sea” that envisions Fujian by 2020, the province GDP will exceed one trillion strive marine production with an annual growth of 10%. Fujian is ambitious to optimize the spatial layout of marine economy, marine science and technology innovation to further enhance marine economy to account 60.5%.

SHANDONG · · · · · · ·

Started marine economy since 2009 Created “blue” Shandong Peninsula Economic Zone. Has experienced rapid growth in marine-related industries since its marine economic zone became a part of the nation’s development strategy. In the first half of the year, Shandong’s output was worth 1.04 trillion yuan, increase 11.7% annually.

A crucial marine area for China. It is a key juncture of the rim of the Bohai Sea and the Northeast Asia economic circle. Has a more-than 3.000 km coastline, a sixth of the nation’s total and more than 200 harbors.

Has pledged to spend 1.4 trillion yuan by 2020 to modernize the marine industries for exploration, fishing, transportation, tourism, engineering, and environmental protection. Also tries to help 10 billion yuan and 30 companies in emerging marine industries with annual production value about 1 billion yuan.

Has also planned to have eight more models of marine scientific and technological bases and build 10 alliances for strategic industrial innovation.

Has also initiated 322 projects to drive the development of economic zone that is stretching across seven fields including ports, airports, railways, energy, hydraulic projects, and electronic technology.

Being the national pilot province for marine economy has helped Shandong to be the center of marine-manufacturing, hightech marine research and development center, and a shipping center for northeast Asia.

TIANJIN ·

·

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In 2013, the gross value of Tianjin’s marine production reached 502.7 billion yuan increasing 11.23% over the year before development of marine economy policy. In national level, its marine production contributes around 8.39% of national figure and 31.97% of the city’s overall value of production. In 2014, the marine industry contributed around 271.4 billion yuan and marine-related industrial added value reached 231.3 billion yuan. To maximize the potentials, local government of Tianjin transforms the marine industrial organization, changing it from size and speed to quality and benefit. The efforts shown in form of construction and the infrastructure development on the following areas: Tianjin Nangang Industrial Zone, Tianjin Harbor Economic Area, Tanggu Marine High-Technology and Innovative Area, Building Sino-Singapore Ecological City for the coastal tourism area, Central Fishing Port.

Compared to the other cities, Tianjin’s marine industry develop faster. The marine service industry is the sector that outgrew the overall industry.

LOCAL GOVERNMENTS Newsletter | Volume 27 | May - October 2017

GUANGDONG ·

Has invested in high-end marine equipment manufacturing and launched “the opinion on ocean comprehensive development” in February 2000

·

Has boosted marine tourism in Zhuhai’s Hengqin Island. One of its efforts is Hengqin Chime-Long International Ocean Resort which is now becoming a strong competitor for and its size is twice the size of Ocean Park Hong Kong. The Ocean Park Hong Kong reportedly underwent its first deficit record HK$241.1 million deficit. One of the reasons is in terms of competition where Ocean Park Hong Kong largely competes with Chimelong Ocean Kingdom in Zhuhai and other theme parks in Guangdong province.

·

Has established partnership with China National Offshore Oil Corporation to invest in building a world-class base for marine engineering equipment manufacturing in Zhuhai, Guangdong.

ZHEJIANG · ·

Marine economy contribution to local GDP exceeded 670 billion yuan (2016). A year-on-year increase of 8.4%. In 2016, Zhejiang was home of China’s only pilot who showed sustainable development in marine fisheries. Local government of Zhejiang focused their effort to protect marine ecology and coastline, prevention program of ocean disasters, and transformation and upgrading fisheries—all described in the 13th Five-Year Plan (2016—2020).

Has also planned to release detailed policies to encourage the industry’s innovative development and ensure fishermen’s rights and interests as well.

FUJIAN ·

A coastal city in eastern part of China that currently plays big role in China’s foreign trade due to its potentials in marine economy. Local government of Fujian has issued a package of policies emphasizing on the role of local government as the key of international hub that includes; infrastructure construction, trade and investment facilitation, and industry cooperation.

LOCAL GOVERNMENTS Newsletter | Volume 27 | May - October 2017

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The edge of exploring marine economy for Asia-Pacific region.

A

SIA-Pacific region should proudly lead the implementation of marine economy. Data shows that the region’s marine resources are not only able to feed its locals, but also contribute to the fulfillment of the world’s needs. The fact needs to be further followed up, optimizing the huge potency of marine resources so that it delivers impactful result in food security.

World Food Summit in 1996 stated, “Food security is achieved when all people, at all times, have physical and economic access to sufficient, safe, and nutritious food to meet their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life.”

The definition requires the fulfillment of four main dimensions; which include Physical Availability of Food, Economic and Physical Access to Food, Food Utilization, and Stability of the other three dimensions over time. The dimensions cater the supply side (level of food production, stock levels, net trade), food security at household level, sufficient energy and nutrient intake, as well as continuous practice of those three.

It is becoming obvious that supporting factors to attain food security are no less important. They are bedrock on which marine resources can undertake significant role in securing food for locals. Here is a call for all local governments. It is true that home works are definitely visible, but if results promise to deliver multiple, isn’t it worth for local governments to make the effort double?

Road to Food Security for Locals l

Support local economy

l Empower women and community groups to take part l Provide enabling environment for related stakeholders to undertake their role l Promote the benefits of consuming local marine resources to locals

Hamamatsu City – Stand Tall for Local LOCAL government of Hamamatsu is working to raise local awareness towards local foodstuffs. With mission to promote dietary education and local production for local consumption, local government of Hamamatsu City in collaboration with neighboring local governments and celebrated chefs both domestic and abroad held “Food × Farm Conference: Discover the blessings of Hamamatsu and Lake Hamana!” on July 29 and 30, 2017.

This event provided residents, farmers, and fishers an opportunity to rediscover the appeal of local produce. Besides, this event also served as campaign to foster culinary culture and raise the brand recognition of the city’s marine and agricultural products by widely disseminating information about local produce, such as sea bass, clams, yellow onions, eel, pione grapes, celery, Mikatahara potatoes, and green onion shoots. Around 500 people attended this event and 80% of them expressed their satisfaction in the questionnaire form distributed by the local authority.

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LOCAL GOVERNMENTS Newsletter | Volume 27 | May - October 2017

FACTS FOR THE CURIOUS

Asia-Pacific Marine Consumption Pacific sub-region Tuvalu had the highest consumption at 110.7 kg per capita/year Southeast Asia sub-region Cambodia was the highest consumption at 63.5 kg per capita/year.

South Asia subregion Sri Lanka nestled at the highest consumption of fish at 15.3 kg per capita/year.

North Asia subregion Consumption in Mongolia stood at 0.2 kg per capita/year.

LOCAL GOVERNMENTS Newsletter | Volume 27 | May - October 2017

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Challenges in Coastline Cities

C

OASTAL regions, areas that are home to a large and growing proportion of the world’s population, are undergoing environmental decline. The problem is particularly acute in developing countries. Reasons for environmental decline are complex; but, above all, population factor plays critical role.

Today, approximately 3 billion people — about half of the world’s population — live within 200 kilometers of coastline. Half of the urban population of Asia-Pacific live in low-lying coastal areas and will be affected by a rise in sea level. By 2025, that figure is likely to double.

The high concentration of people in coastal regions has actually produced many economic benefits: transportation links improved, industry and urban areas developed, tourism revenue boosted, and food production increased. However, the concentration of assets and people make cities vulnerable particularly to storm surges and river floods. Rapid urbanization, moreover, has also significantly given impact on microclimate, water cycle and subsidence of which the consequences of increased urban flooding are among the most prominent.

In coastal cities, the impact of sea level rise is exacerbated by land subsidence due to groundwater withdrawal. In coastal zones, groundwater is a critical asset in securing water, food, and general development for millions of people. In Asia-Pacific region, particularly, such resources are essential in rural as well as urban areas. In small island states, for instance, it is used as the only water source. On the other side, there are also cities that meet the needs of a large proportion of the drinking water by pumping up from deep groundwater.

The practice causes subsidence, ground level is falling, and increases the danger of flooding.

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People who live in coastal regions may suffer cumulative burden of environmental stress from the activities on and overcrowding of the coast and from upstream and inland development. This especially holds for slum areas on the coastline where salt water intrusion, inadequate water supply, poor sanitation facilities, including lack of grey water disposal, and ineffective solid waste management results in significant health impacts and drainage blockage as well as a further amplification of the flood risk.

If not properly managed, development can also bring in pollution, deforestation, and inadequate management of soil and water. Damming rivers can also have negative environmental effects, such as soil erosion and destruction of ecosystems that support various fish and marine mammals. When concentrated in small, confined, and overcrowded areas such as coastal zones, pollution and other problems pose greater threats to human health.

This environmental effect can also influence water security for a particular nation or region. Many countries throughout the world routinely dump human and industrial waste into their rivers, estuary and even beaches. In developing countries, roughly 90-95% of all domestic sewage and 75% of all industrial waste are discharged into surface waters without any treatment.

The combined effects of booming population growth and economic and technological development are threatening ecosystems that actually provide economic benefits. Unless governments and users of coastal resources take action, population pressures and the associated levels of economic activity will further degrade many coastal habitats.

LOCAL GOVERNMENTS Newsletter | Volume 27 | May - October 2017

What Local Government

Cities must develop approaches and means to be more resilient; whether it is to climate change and also other disasters. Measures should be taken to reverse global climate change and avert this problem, because there will be adverse consequences for many people. In doing so, the region’s policymakers should seek to develop holistic and inclusive strategies to make their cities more resilient to future shocks and disasters, including those driven by urban climate change. There must be greater action taken to lessen the region’s urban vulnerability to disasters and the impacts of climate change by strengthening the capacity of cities’ individuals, communities, institutions, businesses, and systems to survive, adapt, and thrive in the face of stress and shocks.

LOCAL GOVERNMENTS Newsletter | Volume 27 | May - October 2017

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for Urban Regeneration I

NCORPORATING culture in development can start from giving proper appreciation to cultural related artifacts or heritage sites. It can take various forms of appreciation. Among many, revitalization of cultural site is a strategic step to take.

The most palpable reason is that the step serves as an action statement saying that local government of the city puts high respect on culture and historical assets; indirectly encouraging its locals to also show same level of appreciation. After this, positive impact to tourism will usually follow. Putting it in larger context, this step is very much in line with global agenda agreement in culture, Agenda 21 for Culture, clearly mentioning the importance of using culture as “lever and catalyst for economic development and urban regeneration”.

Considering its importance, local government of Jakarta has taken this action to a more serious notch. Facilitated by UCLG ASPAC, local government of Jakarta hosted a Regional Peer-Learning and Action Planning Workshop “Urban Renewal in Historic Town Centres (The Case of Kota Tua in Jakarta) and Public Space Improvement in Jakarta,” in close collaboration with UCLG, Agenda 21 for Culture, and Connective Cities.

July 17-19, 2017 marked the initial move of local government of Jakarta to garner insights from urban renewal practices of other cities. Sharing of practices from local governments within Asia-Pacific and even Germany gave birth to a set of recommendation for local government of Jakarta for their further perusal in revitalizing the old town area (area Kota Tua), heart of the history of Jakarta City.

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City of Vigan

Guangzhou

City of Vigan was a forgotten community due to low level of heritage and cultural appreciation and inadequate community participation and empowerment programs.

This encourages city renewal that involves government agencies, NGOs, private sectors, barangays, schools, and locals. Using multistakeholder approach, local government launched two programs: Vigan Conservation Program and Vigan Conservation Code, and for increasing cultural appreciation: Vigan Festivals and Leadership and Heritage Conservation Awareness. The renewal has improved the local economy and enhancement of city’s heritage conservation program with total annual revenue increase from Php 27.000.000 (in 1995) to Php 127.350.758,40 (in 2017) and the increase of tourists’ influx at 1.045.491 in 2016.

Guangzhou had undergone rapid urban construction that rose problems: lack of management for adequate and decent quality of infrastructure, contradiction between rapid development and historical inheritance, and lack of attention to vulnerable groups in the city. Renewal involved public participation and government agencies (from District Construction Department, Municipal Urban Planning and Design Survey Research Institute, Municipal Cultural Heritage Bureau sub-district Office, Municipal Cultural Heritage Bureau, Municipal Bureau of Landscape and Greening, and many others). The transformation includes the creation of small turning radius, improved bike crossing, safety fences, crosswalk design, designed rest space, provision of convenience stairs, and removal of closed rail.

LOCAL GOVERNMENTS Newsletter | Volume 27 | May - October 2017

Immediate Actions

Intermediate Actions l Improve accessibility, especially for visitors without private cars.

l Improve accessibility, especially for visitors without private cars. l Reorganize traffics within Kota Tua and prioritize pedestrians. l Improve walkability and comfort

Longer-Term Vision

Physical Works Accessibility, Safety, Comfort, Protected Buildings

l Reorganize traffics within Kota Tua and prioritize pedestrians. l Improve walkability and comfort

l Protect historic buildings

l Protect historic buildings

l Include Kota Tua revitalization plan and concerns in the on-going formulation of local midterm development plan.

l Redefine the boundary by

l Secure adequate budget for Kota Tua in 2018

l Re-evaluate the current dossier and the processes that have been taken so far. l Revisit UNESCO’s requirements.

Non-Physical Works

Institutional Framework (including regulations), Political Supports, Finance

differentiating the limited “core area” (which will be basis for UNESCO application) and larger “buffer areas” which include four islands of Thousand Islands.

l Develop more integrated

revitalization plan that includes strengthening of integrated management unit (could be a district, a “management board” or other form of organization).

l Strengthen coalition and its members’ commitment.

Roadmap to

UNESCO’s World Heritage

l Update and complete the dossier. Fill existing gaps.

Humane Urban Environment (where people are more important than cars) with conserved/ preserved heritage buildings and artefacts Well governed as well as socioculturally and economically vibrant yet conserved heritage area of Kota Tua

Kota Tua as UNESCO’s World Heritage Site

l Submit the dossier.

l Start inviting relevant parties.

Surabaya City

Semarang

Surakarta

Kampung Ketandan is one of renewed public spaces. Under coordination of UCLG ASPAC, participatory planning was used to unite voices of academicians, professional association, and private companies along with locals and community groups. The renewed public spaces in Surabaya can now be used for community, such as learning center, library and reading room, and street vendor center.

Three core features of Semarang are De Spiegel Building, Srigunting Park, Lloyd Building—Semarang Art Gallery, and Oudetrap Building. However, the heritage sites have been struck by environmental degradation, flood, slum, and social problems.

Renewal of Semarang City was conducted by establishing Kota Lama Management Board that coordinates participation of private sector and local community. The renewal of these heritage sites managed to handle illegal housing, pond renovation, water fountain renovation, high mast lamp installation, and street vendor arrangement.

Ngarsopuro Corridor is historical site to be renewed by the government. The corridor has long been dominated by the existing commercial buildings, not to mention street vendors and illegal parking that disturbed pedestrians. The renewal of public space in Surakarta was a collaboration among Tourism Agency, Trade Agency, Cooperative and Small and Medium Enterprises Agency, Cultural Agency, Transporation Agency, and Spatial Agency. The renewal of Ngarsopuro Corridor managed to relocate merchants, improve pedestrian, improve infrastructure, revitalize heritage buildings, support creative economy and public expression (such as night market, Solo Batik Fashion, Solo Batik Carnival, and so forth), and integrate management of local government organization.

LOCAL GOVERNMENTS Newsletter | Volume 27 | May - October 2017

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Augmented and Virtual Reality, Potentials for Local Development

Daejeon City, Republic of Korea, allowed participants to experience Augmented and Visual Reality at the Asia-Pacific Cities Summit and Mayors’ Forum (2017 APCS).

H

AVE you ever imagined that one day, technology allows you to bring real meeting setting in the office to your home with only one click? Or, you can instantly attend the government decision making process with only a push of a button when you are at home? The answer of both questions is yes. Thanks to technology advancement, virtual and augmented reality can make it happen. Get ready, we are allowed to immerse ourselves in digital world or supplement real world with digital images simultaneously.

What is Virtual and Augmented Reality?

Augmented Reality (AR) is technology that combines virtual objects (two-dimensional and/or threedimensional objects) and real objects into threedimensional real world and project those virtual objects real time so they integrate interactively in reality. Working to complete reality with virtual objects, AR is applied to help medical team see patient’s CT Scan/MRI data when surgery conducted.

Virtual Reality (VR) is technology that allows user to interact with three-dimensional world (simulated by computer), so users are, as if, physically involved. VR is able to replace reality with virtual world and thus it is used for the training and testing of pilots.

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How Can Virtual and Augmented Reality Benefit Us? There are various ways in which virtual and augmented reality assist in improving our quality of life. Virtual reality (VR), for example, has long been used to assist recovery of people sufferring from traumatic memories. By using VR, patients with traumatic memories can experience situations that will remind them about the trauma in a safe and controlled environment. This has long been common practice among war veterans.

Replicating the practice to other case, VR is now also used to assist therapy of phobia. By using VR in the treatment process, patients are exposed to situations that cause them to feel the fear in a controlled but very lifelike environment. Using VR in phobia training is very much useful since level of difficulty can be adjusted according to the needs, since therapist has full control over the computer generated situation, meaning every step in the treatment can be stopped and repeated as needed.

In the field of education, there has also been a innovation in using VR and AR to assist learning process of medical students. By using various supporting tools such as 3D glasses, 3D projection

LOCAL GOVERNMENTS Newsletter | Volume 27 | May - October 2017

Daejeon City, Republic of Korea has successfully conducted Asia Pacific Cities Summit and Mayors’ Forum (2017 APCS) from 10th to 13th September, 2017 that gathered mayors, experts, and key speakers to inspire the participants about the scientific and technological innovation for city development and to achieve sustainability. The Daejeon City itself is an active member of UCLG ASPAC that robustly adapts with rapid development in science and technology by developing and applying the Artificial Intelligence (AI). The 2017 APCS also discussed key issues, such as innovating cities through science and technology, city revitalization through vibrant business activities, achieving sustainable city solutions, and recreating cities through art and culture. The 2017 APCS also offered the participants direct experience of technology development through virtual reality (VR) that is already used for trainings for humanitarian response and urban governance as well.

monitors, and styluses, medical students are allowed to travel to human body and manipulate it using stylus. The idea is to create stronger educational experiences, making it much more memorable than reading a book.

The technology is also a great help for skilled trades.

Training folks to this type of job is one example among many. In giving training to folks for welding, AR and VR allow hands-on experience, without the cost of learning on actual material.

Potentials for Local Governments: Inclusive Development Process through Augmented and Virtual Reality l Local Residents Engagement in Development

Process and Public Service Enhancement One of the potentials from the presence of augmented and virtual reality for local governments is allowing locals to have early access to local development plan before it reaches final decision for execution. AR and VR utilization enable locals to preview the concrete form of local development plan (for example building construction) in the most effective way (on website and even on their gadgets).

This practice gives space for locals to respond and

thus make way for local inclusion, accommodating local views.

Besides, the technology is also a great help for local governments in enhancing its service to citizens. Take urgent situation like natural disaster for example. AR disaster applications can provide visual and audio guidance for citizens seeking refuge, evacuation routes, or emergency assistance in a disaster situation. l Data Collection

Local governments can also make use of the technology to gather most updated data to be used as part of their planning material. Take for example, adopters in defense field. Using AR and VR, they can integrate ground GPS tracking data with a near real-time data of troops on the ground. This enables military leaders to get updated information, that is not limited to troop movements, but also data in more details like terrain, route ahead and other information that can only be gathered from eyeto-the ground view. The first-hand information is also very much useful by security institutions that manage emergency response in disaster to prioritize the hardest hit areas most in need of assistance.

LOCAL GOVERNMENTS Newsletter | Volume 27 | May - October 2017

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Developing Local Economy in Seberang Perai Tacoma Tree Planting Programme conducted in conjunction with Earth Day 2017, involving locals to develop city.

Empowering Industrial, Service, and Tourism

T

HE purpose of local economic development (LED) is to empower the local economic capacity to improve its future local economy and quality of lives for all. It is a collective work between public, business, and non-governmental sectors to enable better conditions for economic growth and provide job opportunities. Located strategically to neighbouring industrial estates, namely Bayan Lepas Free Industrial Zone and Kulim High-Tech Park, Seberang Perai, a city in Malaysia has actively empowered their LED through encouraging its industrial activities. The city has managed to develop diverse industrial activities, such as industrial parks, light industries, housing, local enterprises, and foreign multinational industries. The industries are distributed in Juru, Bukit Tengah, Bukit Minyak, Perai, and Mak Mandi. It is estimated that the industrial activities contribute 60% to Seberang Perai revenue. Dominated by the industries, Seberang Perai has envisioned to be an industrial hub in the Northern Region.

The active industries in Seberang Perai is indispensable from three key issues, the vast area, abundant accessible raw materials, particularly in agriculture, and support from the mayor for the

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development of industries. The abundant resources have opened more opportunity for Seberang Perai to focus in agro-industry as almost half of the residents are farmers or involved in the agriculture industries, such as fruit farms, vegetable farms, or livestock related sectors. Aside from the agro-industries, Seberang Perai municipality seeks a new lucrative sector—services and tourism. The hospitality of Seberang Perai has attracted both domestic and international tourists. Hence, this opens the opportunity to absorb more workers in the sector and improve economic growth.

Improving the Informal Sector of Night Markets For some countries in Southeast Asia, night markets have become special attraction for a tourism spot to experience diverse culture not only to buy things.

Seberang Perai has growing night markets and it has been the local lifestyle to constantly visit the markets to buy their groceries, basic needs, or just simply to stop by and look around. However, the lucrativeness that night markets offer is hampered by some challenges, such as traffic congestion, lack of parking spaces, un-registered hawkers, cleanliness and hygiene, public crime, and many more. The municipality of Seberang Perai then took an action to address and better the condition of night market

LOCAL GOVERNMENTS Newsletter | Volume 27 | May - October 2017

as potential source of local economy. The first improvement of night market took place in Bandar Perda for its strategic location in the uptown area. The economic activity in the night market is dynamic. The vendors in Bandar Perda’s night market are around 75 daily and it increases to more than 200 during fasting month. The variety of commodities—food and beverages, fashions, toys, accessories, and others—attract local people and tourists to come over.

However, several impeding factors identified by the municipality, namely increased number of hawkers over the years. In addressing the hawkers, there are two scenarios. First, the municipality will limit the market from the current spaces.

Second, the night market will be expanded to the high density residential areas during the fasting month. Thus, the hawkers can be better managed and accommodated as well as continue to operate more business activities. In implementing the project, the government had two scenarios as well. First and foremost, the government collects all necessary data, establishes task force unit stakeholders’ engagement, and obtaining approval. Second step is the realization process.

4Ps Program in Seberang Perai Public, Private, People, Partnership is a program initiated by Seberang Perai local governments, private sectors, and public. Most of the implementation of 4Ps Program is in building and beautifying park and garden, create more facilities, and so forth. The 4Ps Program has been implemented in Seberang Perai since 2011. This program has indirectly nurtured the community with a sense of ownership and pride to their city. Through 4Ps Program, local government can save their expenditure cost. The cost savings on the part of the government that took place since the 4P’s launched in 2011 amounted to RM 6.849.908,00 for the development of refurbishment and RM 1.598.900,00 for maintenance costs. Materializing the 4Ps has brought good results for Seberang Perai, such as good partnerships between corporate and community, Seberang Perai became known as cleaner, greener, safer, and healthier city, efficient and effective development and maintenance costs of council, community engagement towards city development, and enhanced sense of belonging and pride as Seberang Perai citizens.

LOCAL GOVERNMENTS Newsletter | Volume 27 | May - October 2017

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Inclusivity, Share Responsibilities of Living in the City G

ood Governance DOES Require Public Participation. AS the society evolves, the demand for public services gets diversified. It, thus, requires more considerate and meticulous services in order to accommodate diverse interest, not to exclude any member or group in a community. Public servants, though they are part of a community, still cannot represent the different voices. Yet, for long time, many projects and policies were led one-sidedly, left the local authority with a lesson upon trial and error in meeting community’s demand. Meanwhile, development in democracy and decentralization has fostered the culture and social atmosphere for the people to make their voices, which confers responsibility upon local governments to open the governance and include the community in it. Against this backdrop, local government of Gunsan tries to meet the requirements to encourage public participation in local governance by fostering social atmosphere, implementing easy access, applying and barrier-less participation.

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Involving Public to Participate Local government of Gunsan considers involving public only to give ideas is not enough. Besides establishing committees or advisory groups, local government of Gunsan tries to open door wider to listen to more people that share the space we live together. The effort taken includes holding the ‘2017 Suggestion Contest for City Governance’ (March 2017). Previously, only government officials were able to participate through intranet; but, this year local government has opened more channels: on its official website, postal service, welcoming visitors to the office, and also email. The suggestions received include priority setting for city administration, ideas for new projects to bring in budget from the central government, ways of cost saving, and how to enhance benefits of the citizens.

Local government of Gunsan also involved public in its newly launched budget writing system. Gunsan established a citizen committee to have a concrete dialogue on urgency, and public interest.

LOCAL GOVERNMENTS Newsletter | Volume 27 | May - October 2017

Gunsan citizen can also fill out a survey at any community centers or doing the online survey on the official website.

Local government of Gunsan has also established a policy monitoring group. It focuses on reporting inconveniences from daily life. It also suggests new ideas particularly that can affect everyday life of the community. Local leader takes responsibility of building and enhancing the monitoring capacity by providing outreach capacity building program to help them understand self-governing and administration.

Youth has also been the focus of the local authority.

A group talk taking theme “Jobs for the Youth, Hope for the Local Community” was held, discussing policies for job creation by inviting related groups, professors and experts to talk on economy issues.

This group talk focused more on listening to students of local college relating difficulties and their needs. Local authority of Gunsan also involved concerned group regarding revitalization of rural area. Considering physically tired farmers from

labor as participants of the discussion, the session was transformed into a quiz show ‘the Golden Bell Challenge’, named after a famous almost 20-yearrunning TV quiz show, to make it interesting and joyful talk about policy and to make opinion exchange easy.

The mentioned efforts brought Gunsan Grade A from the evaluation on implementation of election campaign pledges. The annual evaluation is conducted by the Korea Manifesto Center on local governments in two sections; metropolitan and municipal. Keeping the efforts and develop methods to accommodate various opinions from public will lead us to a livable and sustainable Gunsan.

LOCAL GOVERNMENTS Newsletter | Volume 27 | May - October 2017

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A Novel Approach to a Key Infrastructure Project

T

O reduce energy costs and improve sustainability, New Taipei City Government launched a street light replacement project. Collaborating with private sector, it used a novel way to finance the project.

Using Private Finance Initiative (PFI) model, the project successfully replaced 180,000 mercury street lights with LED lighting at a cost of around $100 million. The project will cover the payment of the newer “smart” lighting over six years, using the money saved from lower electricity costs; while the upfront costs was borne by the suppliers.

“This was the first time this was done in Taipei,” said Wu Shi-wei, Deputy Commissioner of the New Taipei City Public Works Department. “We got the idea during a visit to the UK.” The city government signed six-year contracts with two suppliers. The suppliers are responsible for all maintenance, provide high quality equipment, and make repairs and replacements within 24 hours of notification (to fully comply with contract terms).

“The street lights are brighter, and the safety at night is improved,” said Lin Tian-teng, one of the city residents.

According to the PFI model, supplier evaluation is conducted annually to ensure the service quality and payment is made when suppliers provided satisfying services.

The application of PFI model seems to be a winner as far as the government is concerned. “We had NT$220 million in actual savings in one year,” said Mr. Wu. “This is value for money.”

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LOCAL GOVERNMENTS Newsletter | Volume 27 | May - October 2017

l COST of using Mercury VS LED: NT$530 million VS NT$340 million l SAVE 96,000 metric tons of coal/year l Criteria of selecting private companies: financial stability and effective execution l Benefits of PFI Model: a) Private companies cover the upfront cost, allowing local government to replace the lights without putting budget under pressure. b) Private companies are responsible for LED replacement and maintenance. c) Payment (annual) is made if services delivered according to the requirement of the contract.

A Reward Service System of Recyclables

N

EW Taipei City has become one of the most growing population cities. This has made its local authority concerned with the issue of sustainable waste management. To lower the amount of the waste, a policy called “Pay As You Throw Policy” was first implemented in the end of 2010. It positively impacted on the decreased amount of waste; which dropped by 50%. However, it was found that 22% of the waste was recyclable and reusable.

Therefore, another innovative policy was applied in August 2011, called the “Recycling Rewards Service System.”

The policy encouraged village chiefs to establish recycling stations in the neighborhoods. Residents, when handing in recyclables, can get garbage bags for free or other green appliances. Besides, the income from selling the recyclables is also used to support public use such as infrastructure enhancement and the social welfare support for the villagers with disadvantaged background.

The Recycling Rewards Service System has yielded positive impact. According to statistics in 2016, more than 52% or 117,846 tons of recyclables were collected, and the fund for the public use touched US$11.09 million dollars. Resulting from this, 3.98 million of trash bags or US$583,000 dollars of green products were exchanged.

Furthermore, more than 790,000 of volunteer workers were involved in the service. Another point that makes this service unique is that the system has involved local government unit and locals as well: Department of Environmental Protection (providing transportation to

The resident exchanged recyclable waste for garbage bags or grocery.

and from recycling stations and handling matters relating to the sales of recyclables) collaborating with recycling enterprises (purchasing the recycle resources); setting good example of public and private partnership. In addition, the project has created 25,000 jobs benefiting disadvantaged groups.

The Recycling Rewards Service System implemented in New Taipei City is successful. Key factors include willingness of residents to classify their waste and high cohesion among villagers. This project also covers the goal of social equality since it also benefits the disadvantaged citizens.

MEASUREMENTS OF SUCCESS Decreased Volume of Household Trash collection

2.497

1.360

2018

2016

metric tons/day

metric tons/day

Improvement of Recycling Rate

30% 2018

53% 2016

The residents brought recyclable waste to the Recycling Station.

LOCAL GOVERNMENTS Newsletter | Volume 27 | May - October 2017

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UPDATE FROM SECRETARIAT

A Continuous Commitment to Catalyze Local Change What UCLG ASPAC has done to strengthen local governments

Capacity Building

“This type of workshop shall be very much useful for taking action plan and implementation in future by proper assessment using appropriate tools.”

- Dewan Kamal Ahmed, Mayor of Nilphamari Municipality and Executive President, MAB

SDGs Training UCLG ASPAC collaborated with Yayasan Inovasi Pemerintahan Daerah (Local Governance Innovation Foundation), associations of local governments in Indonesia at Provincial Level (APPSI), Regency Level (APKASI), and City Level (APEKSI), UNDP, and other various partners to conduct “Inovasi Indonesia Forum and Expo 2017” (Indonesian Innovation Forum and Exhibition) from 19 to 21 July 2017 in Jakarta. The event not only discussed challenges of implementing SDGs in Indonesia: inequality, political, technical, and network capacity to attain the targets, but also included training about SDGs. The event ended with the launch of “Roadmap for Local Governments in Localizing SDGs” and the “SDGs: What Local Governments Need to Know” in Bahasa Indonesia version. UCLG ASPAC also conducted SDGs training for local governments in South Asia sub-region in Kathmandu on 17 August 2017.

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Making Cities Resilient Campaign

UCLG ASPAC in cooperation with UNISDR promoted the Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and the Making Cities Resilient Campaign (MCR). UCLG ASPAC and UNISDR supported 50 local governments in five disasterprone countries (Bangladesh, Indonesia, India, Nepal, and the Philippines) to enable cities to identify or assess the risk within their respective areas.

The training utilized two new tools launched at the Global Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction in Cancun, Mexico: 1) Quick Risk Estimation (QRE) tool to identify and understand the existing and future possible risk/stress/ shocks and exposure threats to human and physical assets, 2) Disaster Resilience Scorecard for Cities that provides a set of assessments in line with UNISDR 10 Essentials for Making Cities Resilient.

LOCAL GOVERNMENTS Newsletter | Volume 27 | May - October 2017

17 August 2017 at Kathmandu (Nepal) Leg

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29 July 2017 at Makati (The Philippines) *) The first workshop focussed on MCR introduction and conducting quick risk estimation and overview on preliminary scorecard tool. *) Representative from Makati city presented that Makati has ability to deal with hazards and risks such as typhoon, earthquake, fire, and flood. *) Iriga city showed that their strength lies on hazard and risk profiling, including capacity to build early warning response center for typhoon.

*) Representative from each cities identified gaps with regards to governance and financial capacity; planning and preparation of disaster and for ensuring effective disaster response and post-event recovery were identified in their local disaster policy by applying the Sendai framework QRE and disaster resilience score card. *) Kathmandu Disaster Management representative presented their strengths on essential number 4 (pursue urban development); and weaknesses on essential number 3 (financial capacity) and essential number 8 (increase infrastructure resilience). *) Dharan, Dharche and Kirtipur face similar condition, but Banepa, Tarakeshwar, Birgunj are weak on essential number 1 (planning and strategy in adopting Sendai Framework into DRR city plan).

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22 September 2017 at New Delhi (India)

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24-25 August 2017 at Jakarta (Indonesia) *) Banda Aceh has good capacity in awareness and understanding of its assets but still lacks of essential number 3 (financial capacity for resilience). *) Jakarta shows the highest resilience score 98 out of 141, indicating effective disaster response has been involved in regular training programmes but lack of documented business continuity plan including insurance.

*) New Delhi Capital City region area is facing major hazard and risk problem on flood, heat wave, and earthquake. *) During the group work presentation on scorecard, the overall resilience score of Shimla City is 96 out of 141 indicating their strenghts in institutional capacity awareness for disaster information but still lag behind on critical infrastructure city plan.

26 September 2017 at Dhaka (Bangladesh) *) Representative from Faridpur municipality presented the QRE and preliminary scorecard result and the score was 63/141 showing resilience level of Faridpur city (moderate) and hazards were dominated by flood, storm, and other hydrological hazards such as strong wind. *) The government’s capacity to tackle the risk and hazard is not in place.

*) In Central Delhi, scorecard result has indicated manmade disaster such as building collapse and terrorist attacks as major hazard but has not categorized haze and air pollution as one of major risk.

Climate Leadership Program UCLG ASPAC with Citynet, Jakarta Research Council, and local government of Jakarta held threeday “Climate Leadership Program Training Workshop� from 28 to 30 August 2017, hosted by Provincial Government of Jakarta. The workshop equipped leaders to envision their future, thus enabling local authorities to prioritize agenda against climate change. Throughout the sessions, cities and local leaders exchanged perspective and best practice. They learned from failures, formed a collaborative action, and set up an agenda to mitigate the possible adverse impacts of climate change.

Culture Workshop Inclusivity of SDGs includes culture as an important element to attain sustainable development. This encouraged Jeju, who leads the UCLG ASPAC Culture Committee, to host Policy Workshop: Cultural Tourism at Jeju International Training Center (UNITAR CIFAL Jeju) on 12-15 September 2017. The workshop focused on knowledge-sharing: how to create, implement, and protect the resources that their cities have to maintain, and develop good quality and sustainable tourism. Several topics that majority of participants were interested in: Sustainable Cultural Tourism, Monitoring and Evaluating Cultural Projects, Tourism Finance and Investment and Criteria for Awareness Raising and Policy-Making.

LOCAL GOVERNMENTS Newsletter | Volume 27 | May - October 2017

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A Continuous Commitment to Catalyze Local Change What UCLG ASPAC has done to strengthen local governments

Advocacy, Decentralized Cooperation, Projects, Research

“ESCAP would like to congratulate Jambi City and UCLG ASPAC for initiating the construction of the Integrated Resource Recovery Center in Jambi with this groundbreaking ceremony. The IRRC in Jambi is one of two pilot projects being implemented by ESCAP in Indonesia and we hope that the successful implementation and sustainable operation of the IRRC in Jambi will inspire other cities in Indonesia to also implement IRRCs.” - Dr. Ram Tiwaree, Economic Affairs Officer, United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific

ASEAN Mayors Forum UCLG ASPAC in collaboration with League of Cities of the Philippines (LCP) and Taguig City organized the 3rd ASEAN Mayors Forum (AMF) at Shangri-La The Fort from 26 to 27 July 2017. The Forum was aimed at empowering local governments and city leaders in the development process of their respective cities through cooperation.

Several issues were robustly discussed throughout the Forum: institutional, physical, and people-topeople connectivity. The AMF also pinpointed key policy frameworks and instruments to facilitate knowledge sharing and mutual learning among mayors and international organizations to foster the sustainable development and stronger community in ASEAN region. Two new publications were launched and distributed in this event: “Borderless Mobility and Connectivity in ASEAN Cities” and brochure entitled “Why Local Governments Matter to the ASEAN Community.”

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Strengthening the South-Southwest Sub-Region One of the aims that UCLG ASPAC envisions is as the focal point that strengthens and develops partnership among members. In August 16 and 17, UCLG ASPAC held meeting in Kathmandu, Nepal, to discuss program interventions in the South and Southwest Asia subregion (SSW) and to further strengthen the partnership with South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC). During the meeting, the participants from seven countries of SSW sub-region presented their country-based report updates and discussed the future plans for the regions.

All participants agreed the needs to develop local government roles in SAARC programs and to ensure the political representation of local government at SAARC forum.

LOCAL GOVERNMENTS Newsletter | Volume 27 | May - October 2017

From Indonesia to Japan, Endorsing City-to-City Cooperation UCLG ASPAC, collaborated with Council for Local Authorities and International Relations (CLAIR) of Japan, facilitated a knowledge sharing session to local governments of Indonesia to broaden the knowledge about transformation of administration and bureaucracy system and addressing challenges in environment through five-day-visit to Tokyo Metropolitan Area, in particular to Saitama and Kanagawa from 10 to 14 July 2017. During the visits, it was found out that local governments in Japan utilized multidimensional approach, such as optimizing roles of culture (having more positive words as motivation), applying flexible working hours, establishing satellite office in the middle of residential area to ease mobility, and encouraging society to speak up their recommendation.

Regenerating City through Culture Site Revitalization UCLG ASPAC (with its global network) assisted Jakarta in revitalizing its heritage site by inviting various cities in Asia, Europe, and Indonesia. In the three day workshop (17-19 July 2017), local government of Jakarta obtained new perspective in urban renewal from Vigan City (The Philippines), Surakarta, Semarang, and Surabaya (Indonesia), Guangzhou (China), and Germany. At the end of the meeting, there were several recommendations presented to local government of Jakarta.

“Jambi City has worked long, hard, and consistently to establish the IRRC pilot project.

Its commitment is based on Jambi City’s development vision and mission, to make Jambi City a center of Trade and Services based on a well-developed and cultured society.

- Dr. Syarif Fasha, Mayor of Jambi City

Enabling Environment Rating Waste to Energy in Jambi and Malang UCLG ASPAC with the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP) implemented ESCAP’s project on “Propoor and sustainable solid waste in secondary cities and small towns in AsiaPacific” in Jambi City and Malang. The project will build an Integrated Resource Recovery Center (IRRC) to optimize their economic value from managing waste resources and yield economic, ecological, and social benefits. IRRC is a decentralized facility that later receives segregated municipal solid waste and transforms it into organic compost, biogas, and recyclables cost effectively near the source of waste. In Jambi, IRRC is constructed in Talangbanjar Market, while in Malang, it is built in Mantung Market, as strategic place where the market vendors will provide resources of segregated waste to the IRRC to be further transformed as beneficial products for the community.

Gedung Wayang Orang, Public Space in Solo Public Space in Keputih, Surabaya UCLG ASPAC created another milestone of work with UN Habitat and Surabaya City Government in constructing Keputih—an ex-waste disposal site of approximately 4.2 ha. The public space in Keputih includes indoor and outdoor spaces (main hall, creative space, water playground, basketball court, food court, outdoor community space, educational gallery, showroom, reading corner, disable friendly toilet, and space for mural). The designing process involved a group of professionals, students, and lectures from various universities and local apparatuses.

On 19 September 2017, UCLG ASPAC Secretary General handed over the result of design for human puppet theater building (Gedung Wayang Orang/ GWO) Sriwedari in Solo to the Mayor, F.X. Hadi Rudyatmo. The participatory design of GWO involved more than 200 personnel.

The project is expected to reinvigorate human puppet theatre and bring back the audience to enjoy and immerse with unique, cultural art in Surakarta (Solo). The revitalization of GWO Sriwedari will start in 2018.

“Solo has a lot of interesting tourism potentials. Human Puppet is one example of traditional art that has survived more than 107 years that require special attention from the community and the City Government.”

UCLG ASPAC established partnership with Cities Alliance and UNDP to provide a guiding tool for local governments to see the progress and constraints of decentralization and outline potential ways to improve policy implementation: City and Local Government Enabling Environment Rating in Asia and the Pacific (EE Rating). The EE Rating works by adopting a qualitative approach by assessing countries on a scale from 1 (least effective) to 4 (most effective) on 5 areas: local governance, local capacity, financial autonomy, local efficiency and the national institutional framework.

EE Rating report has now completed and come up with recommendations, which include countries that have not empowered their local governments to generate their own local revenues, independent performance audits of local government performance not yet undertaken, and that there exist the needs for Asia-Pacific region to have clear urban strategy. UCLG ASPAC aims to sustain the assessment by having it every two years to measure the progress of each country in improving their legal instruments of enabling environment for cities and local authorities.

- F.X. Hadi Rudyatmo, Mayor of Surakarta

LOCAL GOVERNMENTS Newsletter | Volume 27 | May - October 2017

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VOICE OF YOUTH

YOUTH AND DEVELOPMENT:

HOW DO THEY SEE THEIR ROLE IN LOCAL DEVELOPMENT PROCESS?

T

HE attainment of global agenda, such as sustainable development goals is inseparable from the vital role of youth. Youth are the future generation who will take the lead for the better world.

Thus, empowering, listening, or even involving youth within development process is important. UCLG ASPAC recently did a research about youth engagement towards local development, collecting data from 113 youth across Asia Pacific cities from four sub-regions, including East Asia, Southeast Asia, South Asia, and

Pacific, asking them about their interest and possible contribution they can offer for local development process. The survey not only aims to comprehend the voices of youth, but also as an evaluation for local governments for their local development process. This will equip the local governments to know what youth think about the development in their respective local areas and necessary actions that can be undertaken to empower the youth more and maximize their role and potentials.

What is the youth response to join the local government to develop their city?

How do youth see the progress of current local development?

WE ASK are you interested in joining local government to develop your city?

WE ASK do you think current local development has

YOUTH SAY

YOUTH SAY 76.7% of current local

79% are interested in joining the local

government to develop their respective cities, while the remaining

21% are not.

managed to accommodate what youth need?

development has not managed to accommodate what youth need, whereas 23.3% of youth in Asia Pacific has been accommodated by the local development process.

What is the youth response to the idea of youth involvement in pursuing global agendas?

How do youth see their role in development?

WE ASK do you think youth involvement in pursuing the

WE ASK why do you think role of youth is not

global agendas for sustainable development is important?

important for development?

YOUTH SAY 98.9% agree that the involvement

YOUTH SAY 75% youth role

of youth is very important, while

1.1% say youth

is not important to be involved.

becomes not important because youth are not empowered by local government, 8.3% deem the issues are not related to youth, and 16.8% choose to say the others.

What is the youth response to the importance of youth empowerment?

WE ASK do you think youth like you need to be empowered by local governments to give support in local development?

YOUTH SAY

97.8% agree that the youth empowerment is needed support the local development process, while 2.2% disagree of the youth empowerment.

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LOCAL GOVERNMENTS Newsletter | Volume 27 | May - October 2017

What kind of empowerment that youth think most suitable for them to contribute in local development?

Get involved in decision-making process (50%)

What are the issues that youth are likely to contribute?

Access and quality of education (57.6%)

Sustainable Energy (31.5%)

Environmental protection and preservation (50%)

Economic Growth (29.3%)

Promote youth activities that relate to local development (38.9%)

Gender equality (48.9%)

Capacity Building (11.1%)

Poverty Alleviation (37%)

Youth unemployment (41.3%)

Climate Change (32.6%)

Access to affordable healthcare (22.8%) Clean water and sanitation (22.8%) Improved quality of infrastructure (22.8%)

How do the youth see their possible contribution to attain sustainable development? teaching voluntarily (poor people, children etc. in diverse field); arranging workshops, working in development related organizations, becoming entrepreneur to create job opportunities efficient use of electricity, water and paper; taking public transportation, making donations; no littering; minimizing plastic use

WE ASK from the issues you have selected, please give the example of what you can contribute to attain sustainable development.

YOUTH SAY 62.60% will give their possible contribution for the present and future time to the wider society, while

37.40% will give theirs starting from their individual actions.

RECOMMENDATION

What Has UCLG ASPAC Done?

There are several actions that can be taken by the local governments.

Raising awareness for youth about local development issues The survey results show the variety of responses of youth in responding to the local development issues. From several questions UCLG ASPAC had asked, there are certain youth who responded, “not interested or not knowing� about the local development process. The survey shows 21% of youth are not interested in joining local government actions for the local development and small number of youth, 2% who did not think their roles are important for development. This happens because youth think they do not have sense of belonging to the local development process.

As a recommendation, local governments can take this as a room for improvement in improving the inclusivity of youth involvement through raising the awareness, socializing the youth about development issues and how their presence and most importantly involvement in the process matters.

UCLG ASPAC has fully recognized the vital role of youth in development process and has involved youth within the development projects. There are several actions of UCLG ASPAC commitment for the better and inclusive development process.

In 2016, UCLG ASPAC had a public development project in Surabaya that highly involved youth community groups to give their aspirations for the public space designs through Minecraft application as well as face-to-face consultations.

Promoting more youth activities From the survey, it can be vividly seen that 75% of youth think that they have not been empowered by the local governments and 23% of them say that the development process only accommodates certain segments of society.

This means that local development yet to be inclusive. This can be improved by focusing more to practical development programs where youth can join and contribute. Moreover, local governments can also allocate more budget that supports youth activities or youth empowerment programs that are in line with the development issues

More recently, UCLG ASPAC conducted a casual discussion talking about SDGs, youth, and urban lifestyle in October 14th 2017. In conducting the discussion, UCLG ASPAC collaborated with Indonesian Youth for SDGs. The event was to raise awareness among the youth about SDGs and how youth can contribute to attain such goals.

Thus, this is the time for the local governments to promote and support youth activities as well as involve the role of youth in the development process.

LOCAL GOVERNMENTS Newsletter | Volume 27 | May - October 2017

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Sub-Region Update Southeast Asia Promoting Equality for Inclusivity The promotion of equality among all women and men, girls and boys, regardless of ethnicity, religion, gender or socioeconomic background is a way local government can do to transform a city into an advanced and progressive society. This message is brought up to the table by Penang Women’s Development Corporation (PWDC) in collaboration with the State of Penang, City Council of Penang and Municipal Council of Seberang Perai through “The Asia-Pacific Conference on Localising Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): Leaving No One Behind,” 25-26 October 2017 held in Penang, Malaysia.

Participants were invited to reflect on implementation of SDGs at sub-national and local governance level as well as to agree that coordination between the national and subnational policies, strategies, and plans should really exist. The importance of gender equality transcending all the SDGs was also highlighted in this discussion and it provided approaches to accelerate SDGs at local level.

South Asia Strengthening Local Authorities All India Institute of Local Self-Government (AIILSG) trained over 200 municipal officials and elected representatives from over 200 cities of 15 Indian states under the national program Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation (AMRUT). This is the flagship program of the Government of India to transform the cities with the active involvement of urban local bodies. AIILSG has been conducting training programs across these states to equip the officials, technical and civil both, to deal with the challenges that cities face today in sectors such as water supply, transport, solid waste management, urban governance, etc. AIILSG has trained over 5000 municipal officials and elected representatives since the inception of the capacity building programme.

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LOCAL GOVERNMENTS Newsletter | Volume 27 | May - October 2017

East and Northeast Asia The 19th Korea-China-Japan Trilateral Local Government Exchange Conference Successfully Held in Ulsan, South Korea On August 28, the 19th Korea-China-Japan Trilateral Local Government Exchange Conference was successfully held in Ulsan City, Republic of Korea, co-hosted by Governors Association of Korea (GAOK) and Ulsan Metropolitan City.

Over 500 delegates from 34 cities in Korea, 44 cities in China, and 37 cities in Japan attended the conference and had discussions on the theme of “Promoting Regional Development in Northeast Asia through New Paradigms.”

The Conference consisted of various sessions including exchange meetings, exhibit halls, site visits, etc., promoting exchanges and cooperation among local governments. The Trilateral Local Government Exchange Conference has been held since 1999 in order to seek ways to promote substantive exchanges and cooperation among local governments. It is co-hosted by GAOK (Korea), CPAFFC (China) and CLAIR (Japan), all members of UCLG ASPAC, alternately in three countries annually. The 20th Conference will be held in Kaifeng, China in 2018.

Pacific KiLGA Empowers Local Economic Development (LED) The power of local in economic development has been quietly recognized by Kiribati Local Government Association (KiLGA). KiLGA conducted a training session of Strategic Plans for Local Economic Development and invited Island Project Officers (IPOs) from all 23 Councils in Kiribati for two weeks. The session talked about the importance of LED for the council communities and how to use SWOT analysis in LED Planning. At the end of the session, the IPOs were encouraged to implement the skills they have learned by completing new LED projects and submitting assessment to KiLGA. The training’s main objective was to develop capacity of IPOs in drafting and submitting project proposals to prospective donors, such as New Zealand, Australia, and Canada through online application.

LOCAL GOVERNMENTS Newsletter | Volume 27 | May - October 2017

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LOCAL GOVERNMENTS Newsletter | Volume 27 | May - October 2017

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UCLG ASPAC Calendar of Activities February

Venue

Activities

Organiser

7-13

Kuala Lumpur

The Ninth Session of the World Urban Forum (The 9th WUF)

9-25

Jeongseon

PyeongChang 2018 Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games and New Horizons for Asia-Pacific

Government of Malaysia and UN-Habitat Gangwon Province

March 5-7

Edmonton

Cities and Climate Change Science Conference

18-23

Brasilia

The 8th World Water Forum

UN-Habitat, UN Environment (UNEP), Cities Alliance, ICLEI, UCLG World Water Council

April (to be confirmed)

(to be confirmed)

First Session of UCLG ASPAC Executive Bureau 2018

(to be confirmed)

Singapore

Good Practice Laboratory – Effective Urban Infrastructure Programming

9-12

Jeju

Workshop on Culture

(to be confirmed)

(to be confirmed)

Second Local Government Transport Officers Forum

(to be confirmed)

(to be confirmed)

Workshop on Climate Change Adaptation and Disaster Risk Reduction

18-2 Sept.

Jakarta-Palembang

The 18th ASIAN Games

(to be confirmed)

(to be confirmed)

Training on Women Leadership

(to be confirmed)

(to be confirmed)

The 7 UCLG ASPAC Congress

UCLG ASPAC and Host City

Cascais

15th International Congress of Educating Cities

IAEC and Cascais City

UCLG ASPAC and Host City CDIA

May CIFAL Jeju and UCLG ASPAC UCLG ASPAC

August UNITAR CIFAL Jeju and UCLG ASPAC Government of Indonesia and ASIAN Games Committee

September th

AIILSG and UCLG ASPAC

November 13-16

Note:

*) Above activities do not include the projects and city-to-city cooperation either on multilateral or bilateral basis. *) To get the full and updated list of events, do not hesitate to contact us or check out our website.

We would like to thank our members and partners for contributing photos and materials used for this Newsletter.

We want to hear from you! Please send your feedbacks and suggestions to communication@uclg-aspac.org

Contributors:

Serim Park (Gunsan) Local Government of New Taipei City Local Government of Seberang Perai Kiribati Local Government Association (KiLGA) Governors Association of Korea Indrarini Tenrisau Rizqi Ashfina Rahmaddina Siregar

Executive Editor: Bernadia Irawati Tjandradewi Editor: Fulvia, Dianne M. Seva

LOCAL GOVERNMENTS Newsletter | Volume 27 | May - October 2017

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