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TheFoundingPartners: TiniestofLegalElites
byChuckHalloran
t is a familiar goal for many law students who dream of independent careers in one of the tiniest of legal elites: founding partner status in a successful law furn. Attorneys share in a folklore about the prestige of surnames spelled out in burnished brass letters at an office entrance; indeed, a law firm can become a powerful local, even national symbol in the legal community.
The East Coast began the tradition with its flagship law firms, which display century-old pedigrees in urban centers like New York or Philadelphia. In the West, however,history is more contemporary. A sunbelt city like Los Angeles boomed after World War II. The School of Law at UCLA was also just beginning to make a contribution with its first graduating class of 1952,even though it would achieve anationalreputation in a relatively short time.
In the last three decades, UCLA law school alumni have founded their own firms. Some have remained dedicated litigators; others have become successful business executives within the context of their own firms, and no longer actively practice law. The most recent founders are just beginning to solidify their
positions after late '60s and early '70s graduations. Ironically, many of these partners never consciously planned for this elusive goal."We enteredlawwhen it was a growth field in Los Angeles," says one partner. "There were very few large firms in those days, and we simply rode the whirlwind."
-Los Angeles is still a dynamic legal market, and UCLA's law school can expect to host around 500 potential employers this year offering $30,000-range salaries for top new Juris Doctors. The eight alumni surveyec! in this article form a sample cross-section of the school's past, illustrating what Dean William D. Warren often calls "the impressive, wide-ranging diversity of individual commitment to legal careers."
Arthur N. Greenberg '52 can look out of his corner windowsinaCenturyCityhigh-rise from Greenberg& Glusker offices for a panoramic view of West Los Angeles. As a tall, thin veteran who graduated with UCLA's first law school class (Order of the Coif), Greenberg walked out into a job market very different
Chuck Halloran has written on recruitment strategies of lawfirms, on public interest law, and on various other legal topics for publications ofthe law profession and for the public press. He isassociate editor ofthis magazine.
ArthurN. Greenberg '52
from the computerized placementinterviewsof today.
"I didn't know one single attorney in Los Angeles," he recalls, "and you were very muchon your own. No one came to interview me, and I simply had to start knocking on doors. I knocked on lots of doors, and by the time I was through, I knew some attorneys."
After a tour in a two-person law furn, Greenberg hung out his own shingle in a general civil practice, and later merged his furn with Irving Hill, now a federal judge onseniorstatus,and Phillip Glusker. The furn today has 45 attorneys engaged in a varied civil practice covering real estate, litigation, corporate, entertainment,tax,estateplanning,andprobate matters.
Greenberg, whose reputation as a trial attorney has become formidable, frankly acknowledges "that the best thing I ever did was form a partnership with two very outstanding lawyers. I had asked around town for possible relationships and people kept mentioning their names-it was a totally fortuitous move." Greenberg used to meet with his partners every
Saturday to review all of the fum's cases, from A to Z, and still worries about preserving "the intimacy of relationships in a small law furn, even though it gets harder as you continue growing. The people in the furn I used to see regularly fifteen years ago, I now see maybe once every two weeks." Like most growing fums, Greenberg & Glusker has a system of communal luncheons and yearly retreats to battle impersonalization.
His daily work motivation has remained unchanged in the last 29 years: Art Greenberg loves to litigate, while also devoting himself to a corporate and real estate practice. "In a trial, you're forced to determine what the facts are-it's like being a detective. You win or lose a case based on who has the evidence, and that can only be derived through hard work." Greenberg'spartnersand associates arefond of telling how he first lost and then won a major case involving the judge's interpretation of twenty-yearold property restrictions. Greenberg was able to
"You were right there as history happened," says Memel, who has founded not one, but two law firms in his fast-paced career. "I had represented a very small hospital for some years, but the transition from trial experience to defending clients involved in administrative hearings was very natural. Health care facilities were strongly encouraged, and it later became mandatory , to submit their expansion plans for governmental approval, on penalty of losing federal funding." From there, it was a short jump to a heavy commuting schedule between Los Angeles and Washington, D.C., acting as counsel for many professional health care associations, some of which he helped to found. He served four years on the Federal Health Insurance Benefits Advisory Council, and led a successful fight for a statute-authorized Provider Reimbursement Review Board to create a formal appeal process for hospitals denied portions of Medicare repayment. He is also a former member and past pre sident of the California State Board of Medical Quality Assurance. Memel's colleagues acknowledge that the current
Sherwin L. Memel '54 change the judge's mind after he emerged from dusty warehouse archives with the original document drafts, convincing the bench that certain pencilled check marks warranted a different interpretation. Greenberg recently won an almost $1.1 million judgement in Los Angeles federal court representing movie producer Larry Turman (The Graduate) in the first trial case of block booking, which involves selling a group of films in one package to television. The defendant, Avco Embassy Pictures Corp., has appealed the treble damage Sherman Anti-Trust suit decision Like many attorneys, Sherwin L. Memel '54 became a specialist in a field that didn't really exist after he left UCLA (Order of the Coif). Five years later, health law became very important as hospitals and medical professionals were caught up in a growing federal movement to regulate American health care.
John Virtue '58
senior partner of Memel, Jacobs, Pierno & Gersh, a six-year-old law furn of 51 attorneys with offi.ces in Century City, Newport Beach, and Sacramento, has always had a vast appetite for work. "Sometime in 1970 after traveling millionsof miles on an airplane, I decided to learn about a word called 'balance,'" he says. "I took a sabbatical after leaving the fi.rst fi.rm I helpedtofoundinordertoinvestsometimeinmyself and my family."
After leisure traveland working onhis jazzmusical skills, Sherwin Memel foundthat he "terribly missed the creativity and challenge of law practice." In 1975 he founded his current furn with totally new health care clients.
"People often don't understand what the health care fi.eld is all about,'' explains Memel. "They think we do malpractice suits or something like that. That's the onlythingwe don't do. Whenyou're representing a major nonprofi.t teaching hospital, whether it's a fi.ght over federal reimbursement or a challenging
caseonmedicalresearchandexperimentation, you're involved in new case law on a constant basis."
John Virtue '58 leads a very different lifestyle from hisurban colleaguesin Century CityandLos Angeles. His typical workday begins with a fi.ve-minute drive from his waterfront Newport Beach home to a twostory brick buildingin the Newport Center'sspacious businessplaza, whichthefi.rmof Virtue&Sheckowns to house its 31 attorneys.
Virtue, a dedicated sailing and surfi.ng enthusiast, had spent many boyhood summers along the rocky Orange County coastline. He had always wanted to practice law in the area, but had to wait until huge corporations began moving to vast undeveloped tracts of land in Newport and Irvinein1967. A careful reading of a Stanford Research Institute Study on the region's potential also convinced him that future growth would support his move from a Los Angelesbased solo practice.
Virtue & Sheck is a full-service business law fi.rm,
HugoD.de Castro '60
the second-largest law office in Orange County, an increasingly popular site for new branch offices for Los Angeles firms. After the saturated density of metropolitan LA, the county's southern region, with its vacant acreage near the beach, looks like just what it is: a former agricultural area now playing host to very new, very large steelcage office buildings in a planned environment.
While his furn is expected to grow in controlled stages to at least 50 attorneys, John Virtue is active doing what he likes best: "putting together business transactions, usually involving venture capital." He currently is heading up a group of investors who are competing against one other applicant for a new UHF television license for Orange County. He is also chief executive officer of a company that recently purchased an old unused distillery on the Hawaiian Island of Maui. That facility will soonstart making rum, vodka, and gin for export to mainland markets, along with an existing company which currently sells a line
of 14 cordials.
Virtue has also started Coast Thrift and Loan, which has its first and only branch-so far-in one wing of his personally designed office building, the second that the firm has built in Newport Center. He hopes to combine business with pleasure in the near future by sailing his own 50-foot schooner to Hawaii, perhaps celebrating the completed voyage with a drink at the Island's only sugar cane distillery.
When Hugo D. de Castro '60 got his first full-time job after law school, he found that his normal parttime income had dropped by exactly half; of course, he had already worked his way through undergraduate and professional schooling at UCLA, accumulating enough experience to pass his CPA examination before entering law school. He had always known what he wanted to be: a tax lawyer.
In his second year of practice, a major client asked him to draft a new provision of the Internal Revenue Code, and then journey to Washington, D.C. to lobby
for its passage. De Castro originally drafted a very simple statute on collapsible corporations, but he soon learned that simplicity was not part of realistic tax legislation. "Today, that code section is the most horrendous, the most complicated section of law that you would ever want to read," he says with a bemused expression.
Three years after this experience, de Castro found himself boarding a helicopter flown by the late Dwight D. Eisenhower's former chief pilot for all-day trips to work on tax planning for another major client in Orange County. By that time, Hugo de Castro was alreadyrecognized as a very necessarytype of attorney for high income earners: the tax planning specialist.
"I do a great deal of planning for people who typically have high incomes like individuals in the movie industry or investors from foreign countries, and they need specialized tax planning to either reduce or defer payments of taxes," explains de Castro. The eighteenth floor Wilshire Boulevard offices of de Castro, West & Chodorow overlook Westwood and UCLA. De Castro also sits on numerous boards of directors and corporate executive committees to contribute outside business and tax advice.
Hugo de Castro, who was born in Panama, is completely bilingual in Spanish, and can also get along in French and Italian. His language skills are invaluable for representing international investors whose native countries are now rushing to achieve the sophistication of the U.S. Internal Revenue Service.
"There's an enormous growth in the number of our clients from South America, the Middle East, and Europe-particularly in real estate-and it's interesting how much tax information is already exchanged between other countries and the United States. It's something that strikes terror in the hearts of foreigners, whose standard approach to tax planning in the past has been simply not to report a transaction," says de Castro wryly.
When Leonard D. Jacoby and Stephen Z. Meyers, both of the Class of '67, first had their idea to open a low-cost storefront legal clinic in the San Fernando Valley nine years ago, they sent around an outline of their plan to fellow attorneys and professors, asking for an opinion on its possible success. No one thought it was a good idea, except Jacoby and Meyers, who decided to ignore conventional wisdom and forge ahead.
Their eventual victory over the California State Bar's initiation of disciplinary proceedings for "advertising" and operating under the firm name, "The Legal Clinic of Jacoby & Meyers," is now history The pair are focusing their energies on creating a nationwide law firm, making legal services affordable for
middle income American families. Most analysts conclude that they are doing very well, indeed.
Jacoby & Meyers currently has 49 law clinic offices, employing over 115 attorneys. "In almost any measure, we're the fastest growing law firm in the nation," says Steve Meyers from his bustling administrative offices on Westwood Boulevard, which include a master computer monitoring business system, a subsidiary advertising agency, and a complete printshop to produce the firm's "legal kits" on standard law procedures such as divorces or bankruptcies, along with class materials for California's second-largest continuing legal education company, Practical Law Courses, Inc.
Early in 1981, Jacoby & Meyers will coordinate an advertising blitz to simultaneously open 30 new offices-20 in Southern California in Montgomery Ward retail outlets, and the remainder in TSS (Times Square Stores) on Long Island, New York. The firm sees an average7,000 new clients a month, expects to have over 200 attorneys by June, and will probably add another 50 to 60 branch offices next year.
Neither Len Jacoby nor Steve Meyers practices law any longer; they have become businessmen operating a law business, who are fixed on a goal of expanding their operation from a two-coast approach into a truly "coast-to-coast" national law firm.
Ralph M. Ochoa '69 would someday like to teach a realistic, non-textbook course on his specialty field: legislative law. As a founding partner in Ochoa, Barbosa & Crook, he spends his professional life shuttling between Los Angeles and Sacramento, where he completely understands the inner workings of government after a five-year stint as chief of staff for the powerful former Speaker of the California Assembly, Leo T. McCarthy.
Ochoa, a former Reginald Heber Smith Fellow, worked in public interest law and was an associate director of the Greater Los Angeles Urban Coalition, prior to joining McCarthy's staff. Eight years after he was the only Chicano to graduate from an accredited law school in California, he decided to form his own firm rather than run for the state assembly in the Montebello-Monterey Park area.
Since then, he and his partners have represented a host of municipal and corporate clients in legislative matters, along with a regular business and commercial practice. Ochoa is also a founding partner of the HBRO Communications Corp., and has a partial ownership in west San Fernando Valley and Alhambra cable television franchises.
"Lawyers are traditionally not trained in how to operate in the legislative system," says Ochoa. "First of all, there is a confusing maze of local, state, and
RalphM. Ochoa '69
federal regulations-all of which have their separate jurisdictions and unwritten rules." Once the legislative lawyer has conquered the legal roadblocks for a client, he must also deal withaunique blendof political personalities.
"I probably know most of the state assemblymen andsenatorsinthe legislature, butthingschangevery fast after an election, and you can't lose touch with what the leadership is doing, particularly in an important area like the chairmanship of legislative committees," he says.
When a large multinational corporation had reached a stalemate after years of trying to get the California legislature to recognize the safety implications of its product, a reflectorized coating on a license plate which has a 12-candlepower output when struck by headlight beams, they retained Ralph Ochoa. Althoughthe "safety plate" isusedin 44other states to prevent automobile accidents, Ochoa began the lengthy process of committee meetings, work-
ing with Department of Motor Vehicle officials, the company's lobbyists, and sympathetic legislators to finallyachievepassageof avoluntarybill inthe legislature. He has also worked on a bilingual basis with local and federal government leaders in Mexico.
Howard Manning '74 and his partner, Virgil Roberts, wanted to create something more than a law firm when they began in 1976. "We saw our firm as an exercise ininstitution-building, arole model for other blackand minority law students tolookupto, onethat would give us the ability to select"our legal involvement in something like the Los Angeles School District desegregation case," says Manning, from his 28th-floor office in Century City
"Obviously, as attorneys we don't limit our clienteleto just blackclients, but themajority ofourclients are black, including a sizable portion of minority musicians, recording artists, producers, and record companies." Manning & Roberts also have forged a unique international law practice that began with
HowardManning '74
representing a general trading company in Nigeria, and since has expanded to include business visits to the capitals of Senegal, the Ivory Coast, Zambia, Tanzania, Kenya, Mauritania, Gambia, Guinea, Liberia, Ghana, Togo, and Dahomey.
Manning had left an engineering career because he wanted to have a stronger effect on social problems, but he readily admits that his cross-cultural African legal experiences involved a completely different type of education. "There were two things I learned immediately," says Manning: "One, there really wasn't much of an advantage to being a black American attorney in Africa in the beginning. After all, in a country like Nigeria, you're dealing with extremely competent British-trained attorneys. Secondly, you also learn that other cultures are not as litigious as we are, and thatin a developing country, thepaceoflife is much slower."
Manning & Roberts have a legal association with a law furn in Lagos, the capital of Nigeria, and expect
American awareness of this unknown African nation to increase rapidly in the next decade, particularly since Nigeria supplies about 40 percent of U.S. oil needs. "You also see a massive problem developing in currency valuation," explains Manning, who says that Nigeria sometimes loses up to one-half million dollars a day in currency devaluations by selling oil for dollars. "And I haven't even begun to talk about trade deficits," he adds.
"I'm not just an attorney in Century City anymore," says Manning dryly "I'm a member of an international business community; in fact, we may not all realize it, but we're part of that international community and it affects our daily lives."
Although Greenberg, Memel, Virtue, de Castro, Jacoby, Meyers, Ochoa, and Manning are not the sum total of UCLA's founding partners, their legal careers do echo Dean Warren's comment on "the impressive, wide-ranging diversity" of law in Southern California's expanding legal market. o
Kenneth L. Karst: Gentle Scholar
byTom Bourne
mplicit in the constitutional principles of liberty and equality is the notion that some substantive values are being protected. When the Supreme Court strikes down racial segregation in a school system, it protects the value of equal citizenship; when it upholds a person's right to picket over restrictive city ordinances, it protects the value of free expression. Assuming that constitutional doctrine is infused with substantive values, how do we discern them?
To wrestle with that kind of question is one of the chief interests of Professor Kenneth L. Karst, a prominent constitutional law scholar and member of the School of Law faculty since 1965. In addition to his several books, Professor Karst haspublishedmore than 40 articles inthe nation's major law reviews. His most recent focus: to identify the underlying value premises that inform the constitutional protection of liberty and equality.
Says Karst, "The Constitution was designed to be a frameworkforgovernment,not acode of laws-to set out a charter by which the government would operate. That framework not only serves as a source of power for the government, but also suggests that the limitations on government will change in their specifics as thesociety changes."
Consider, for instance, the Fourteenth Amendment. After the outlawing of slavery, the Southern states began to enact the Black Codes, in order to keep blacks in a subservient state virtually indistin-
guishable fromslavery itself.The Fourteenth Amendment was designed as a powerful antidote to what was being done in the South, as well as to secure constitutional protection for the citizenship rights spelled out in the Civil Rights Act of 1866.
However, its framers couched the language of the amendment in general, not specific, terms, and since its ratification in 1868 (but primarily in the last generation), its interpretation has been broadened to include the rights of women, aliens, illegitimates, poor people, and the family.
"We are in a different world today," Karst comments. "The citizenship values identified by the framers of the Fourteenth Amendment need to do service in a world that has been transformed by population growth, technology, affluence, higher levels of nutrition and education, and higher expectations of what it takes to lead a decent life as a member of the community."
The substantive core of that amendment is the principle of equal citizenship, which guarantees to each individual the right to be treated by society "as a respected, responsible, and participating member," as Karst wrote in an article, "Equal Citizenship Under the Fourteenth Amendment," 91 Harvard Law Review 1 (1977). Or, to state the principle in reverse, it forbids society from placing any of its
Tom Bourne, a Santa Monica free-lance writer, is a regular contributor to this magazine.
Ken Karst: Recent Vintage
The substance and flavor of Professor Karst's insights on current issues in constitutional law are sampled here, in his own words excerpted from recent law review articles and lectures.
On Equal Citizenship
If the principle of equal citizenship is not a substitute for judicial judgment,neither is it a psychic cure-all.Even the California Constitution, which explicitly guarantees not only the right to pursue happiness but also the right to obtain it, has left some of my co-citizens unfulfilled. What the substantive content of equal citizenship offers is a perspective, a way of looking at the constitutional problem of equality....
"Equal Citizenship Under the Fourteenth Amendment;" 91 Harvard Law Review 1 (1977).
members in an inferior status.
Yet the test of this principle in any given legal context requires a weighing process, a balancing of interests. If, for example, government fails to provide wheelchair lifts on buses for handicapped persons, that may have the effect of limiting their participation in the community; by the same token, to provide the lifts is a very expensive proposition in a society whose resources are strained already.
"The question is, how much does the particular inequality interfere with the core values of equal citizenship?" asks Karst. "The equal citizenship principle helps to inform decision, even though it may not tell you,in 1981, how a particular decision should come out. It simply reminds people about the values that count the most."
There is no question that it took a long time for the Fourteenth Amendment to emerge from the shadows. Overturning the Supreme Court's race relations rulings of the late nineteenth century took "unconscionably long," Karst says. And he believes that the Supreme Court's unanimous decision in Brown v. Board of Education occurred not merely because blacks were a new political force in America, but also because the appeal to equality was an appeal to the awakened consciences of the justices who made the decision, and of the nation
OnIntimateAssociation
Because the freedom of association is an ancient idea in political philosophy,and even an old topic of commentary on American public life,it is fair to ask why the subject of intimate association deserves separate treatment.Part of the justification is historical.Much of the doctrinal ferment in this area appears closely related to an egalitarian trend visible throughout the industrialized West,and nowhere more clearly than in American constitutional law We have been led to a new appreciation and acceptance of cultural diversity,and to a re-examination of the place of women in society.Both these developments have contributed to the seismic emergence of the freedom of intimate association as a feature in our constitutional landscape.
The most important justification,however,is practical.Griswold was part of a larger doctrinal
as a whole.
In short, Karst argues that the reason why constitutional principles such as those expressed in the Fourteenth Amendment have endured and expanded is that they speak to the best side of human nature.
Since the core of the equal citizenship value is respect for the individual, then any state action imposing the stigma of caste is presumptively unconstitutional.The imprisonment of Japanese Americans in camps during World War II was just such an instance of denial of Fourteenth Amendment rights, and was,says Karst, "a constitutional outrage."
"Stigma is relevant to Fourteenth Amendment decision-making," he continues, "primarily in that the amendment's declaration of citizenship entitles people to have government behave towards them in ways that are not stigmatizing, absent some compelling,extraordinary justification."
When people are subjected to conditions that destroy self-respect, serious constitutional concerns about equality are aroused. To be more specific, the equal citizenship principle,according to Karst,does not mean that the government should be the employer of last resort, nor that it guarantee an annual wage, nor that it insure cradle-to-grave social services, but rather that, in cases of degrading inequality (such as extreme poverty, or segregation), the
movement: the revival of substantive due process as a guarantee of individual freedoms.The freedom of intimate association is one of this movement's early products.The judicial decisions on this subject hold out some promise of doctrinal coherence,shaped around similarities in the values at stake in the various cases; the constitutional freedom of intimate association thus serves as an organizing principle in a number of associational contexts by promoting awareness of the importance of those values to the development of a sense of individuality.The Supreme Court has not yet articulated this freedom explicitly,but the freedom's emergence can be seen in the court's decisions on such subjects as marriage,the decision whether to procreate, legitimacy of parentage,and parent-child relations.Not surprisingly,the court has only barely begun to delineate the scope of the freedom and
governmenthassomeminimalobligationtointervene.
As Karst demonstrated when he delivered the Ninth Annual Civil Rights Lectures at Notre Dame Law School in October, 1980, the Fourteenth Amendment was, in its inception, not so much an abstract statement of rights as an instrument to centralize political power: the concept of national citizenship helped to replace a system of rights based on personal status with a "universal, impersonal body of law."
There are those who would argue that this sort of centralization of power diminishes the local sense of responsibility; that it,in fact,is destructive of the idea of community itself. While conceding that the traditional forms of community have been steadily eroding for the last 300 years, Karst maintains that membership in a national community is itself a communitarian idea.
"The distinctive contribution the courts can make to this process," he says,"is to create a body of doctrinal principle - something distinctively different from a political accommodation.The courts can say, 'You're entitled,as a right,to this and that aspect of membership in the national community.' But if they declare a principle and then say it's negotiable, as the Supreme Court did with its "all deliberate speed " formula in Brown II, then they have under-
the justifications for its limitation....
The freedom of intimate association is...a useful organizing principle,not a machine that, once set in motion,must run to all conceivable logical conclusions.Nor is it an invitation to moral chaos.To say in a given casethat the sovereign must keep its hands off an individual's associational choice is merely to reaffirm that moral responsibility lives in the only place it can live,the individual conscience.It is meaningless to speak of morality when there is no choice.The freedom to choose our intimates and to govern our day-to-day relations with them is more than anopportunity forthe pleasures ofself-expression; it is the foundation for the one responsibility among all others that most clearly defines our humanity.
"The Freedom of Intimate Association;" 89 Yale Law Journal 624 (1980)
mined their ability to redefine the community at the national level."
In delivering the opinion of the Supreme Court in 1965 in the case of Griswold v. Connecticut, Justice Douglas noted that there are some rights never explicitly mentioned in the Constitution but which are implied nonetheless. One is the right to privacy. Another is the right of association.He called association "a form of expression of opinion; and while not expressly included in the First Amendment, its existence is necessary to make the express guarantees fully meaningful.''
Out of this decision, as well as from a cluster of Supreme Court decisions that protect associational rights in family circumstances,marriages,and other intimate relations, Karst has derived the concept of "the freedom of intimate association," which also is the title of his article in 89 Yale Law Journal 624 (1980).
"The Supreme Court has not said there is such a thing as the freedom of intimate association," says Karst. "My article argues that, when you put all these cases together, implicit in them is this freedom. Whether or not the Supreme Court will use that phrase to describe them is another matter."
By Karst's definition,intimate association consists of a close and personal relationship akin to a family
On Legitimacy ofParentage
In the perspective of the freedom of intimate association,the constitutional basis for the whole system of legitimacy/illegitimacy is shaky If it is "illogical and unjust " to visit condemnation on a child for her parents' "liaisons," it is absurd to condemn the child of a union that is itself constitutionally protected.What the freedom of intimate association supplies to our analysis of the illegitimacy cases is an awareness that unwed parents and their children form intimate associations nourishing the same substantive values we seek in families based on formal marriage.It follows that any significant impairment of those associational values must be justified,in proportion to the impairment,by state interests that are at least as substantial,achieved by means that do not unduly restrict the associational freedom.It also follows that if there are other ways to achieve the state interests in question without so impairing the values of intimate association,the state
relationship or marriage (although he doesn't restrict the concept to heterosexuality). It is characteristically found in those who live together, have sexual relations, blood ties,a formal relationship,or some mixture of these.
The opportunity to enjoy the companionship of other people; the chance to satisfy the need to love and be loved; an environment in which deep human emotion can be experienced: these are the values - that key word in the Karstian universeprovided in intimate relations. They nurture the whole person, and contribute to the integration of the self.
Today, law offers great latitude for the ways in which people express themselves towards those intimc:.te relations. The clearest exception is found in laws restricting the private conduct of homosexuals, despite the fact that the values of intimate association are just as present in a homosexual relationship as in a heterosexual one. Nor has the state chosen to legitimate homosexual marriage.
"This denies to homosexuals the opportunity to make the same symbolic statement of commitment that men and women make to each other and to the world about themselves," says Karst. "I haven't argued that the state is obliged to provide homosexuals with something called 'marriage.' What I have
has failed to carry its burden of justification.... What was protected in Glona was not merely the claim of a mother,but the status of the intimate relationship between a mother and her son. The arbitrariness in the law was its discrimination based on the status of illegitimacy,its assumption that significant incidents of the parent-child relationship can be denied in the absence of a formal marriage between the child's father and mother. Seen in this light,some substantial justification for the law's discrimination is demanded by the freedom of intimate association.If Glona teaches anything,it is that the required justification is not to be found in the state's wish to punish a particular form of intimate association as "sin." We are still some distance from the day when the Supreme Court will explicitly hold that the status of illegitimacy itself is constitutionally defective,but when that day arrives,Glona will be waiting to serve as precedent.
"The Freedom of Intimate Association;" 89 Yale Law Journal 624 (1980)
said is that the freedom of intimate association strongly suggests that some sort of alternative be provided."
Continuing further on his perceptions of constitutional rights for homosexuals, Karst remarks: "I believe the equal protection clause will be read to guarantee against governmental discrimination on the basis of sexual preference. I believe the due process clauses will be read to protect the intimacy of personal relations of homosexuals in much the same way they protect heterosexuals. And I don't think the day is far off."
Recently, Karst has been asked by Leonard Levy of the Claremont Graduate School to take on the associate editorship of the Encyclopedia of the American Constitution, which will be published by MacMillan in 1987 on the 200th anniversary of the Constitutional Convention. Karst will contribute some 100,000 words of the 1.5-million-word, fourvolume work,as well as help edit every article that goes into it.
The project will keep him out of the classroom four semesters out of the next five years. The loss would clearly seem to be the students', for Karst is widely admired for his teaching abilities. In fact, he was selected for the UCLA Distinguished Teaching Award for the year 1979-1980, an honor just three
OnEqualityandCommunity
For the cause of racial equality,the civil rights era was our time of hope; what is remarkable to me is that today's disappointment so often finds expression not in bitterness but in sorrow.That alone suggests that the national ideal of interracial community has been at least partially realized
The most important legacy of the civil rights era...is not to be found in the integration of factories or lunch counters or even schools, but in something more intangible. The Warren Court, through its articulation of the constitutional values of equal citizenship,has helped us to see that we are all members of a national community.The equal citizenship principle has not only permanently altered our national consciousness on the subject of race,but laid a doctrinal foundation for our thinking about any form of systematic disadvantage imposed by our society.The immediate beneficiaries of this renewed vision of commuother UCLA law professors have won. In supporting his nomination, one student wrote that "Professor Karst could best be described as a 'gentle scholar' who is uncompromising in his concern for his students."
That uncompromising concern bubbles up frequently; one example that comes to mind took place at the orientation in September, 1977,for the incoming class of 1980, at which Karst gave an address (his remarks, incidentally, were excerpted in the winter '78 issue of this journal). For those entering students,who must have been awed by some of the School's prestigious faculty, Karst reassured them that "even in the classroom, what the students say is just as important as what the teacher says."
To get across his conviction that intuition is just as crucial to the legal mind as is reason,Karst sports colorful ties and is fond of the sayings of the Zen masters. He gets his students caught up in it by holding an annual Haiku Festival for his Federal Courts course: in writing classical Haiku, the students convey legal ideas in a non-conventional way. As Robert W. Barnes, the 1979-80 Chief Justice of the School's Moot Court,recalls,"The Haiku form is perfect for expressing the elusive character of the law in this area, and the Haiku Festival adds life to the often mundane study of law."
nity are the victims of inequality: women,aliens, illegitimate children,homosexuals, the handicapped.But we are all beneficiaries.
The egalitarianism of the civil rights era was not only the product of a calculation of interests; it was also a response to an appeal to conscience. If important claims to racial equality were validated during that period,one reason was that they touched the sympathy of those who had the responsibility of decision.I speak of sympathy not in the sense of pity; that would be condescending,and I can think of nothing more inappropriate than to condescend to a citizen who is demanding a right.The sympathy I have in mind is the sense of identification with another's situation and feelings.The triumph of the civil rights era was the translation of that sympathy into a national sense of community founded on fundamental law.
"Equality and Community: Lessons from the Civil RightsEra;" The NinthAnnual CivilRights Lectures, Notre Dame Law School, October 27-28, 1980.
Karst expresses his own deeply felt sense of egalitarianism in ways that are small but meaningful. To help rid the English language of its masculine bias,he alternates the use of masculine and feminine pronouns to refer to hypothetical individuals in his law articles, even over the objections of law review editors.
Of his own role as a writer, Karst says: "Constitutional law scholars do not influence decisions directly. What they can do is to inform the way issues are talked about, influence the climate of opinion, and call attention to issues of importance."
His law articles illustrate those concerns. They consistently evidence his concern about the way law influences people's views of themselves, about the individual's sense of dignity and self-worth, and, in particular, about the role of the courts in enforcing the constitutional protections of those substantive values.
"Much of what constitutional scholars do is dictated by what the Supreme Court does," he concludes. "There's no shortage of material coming to us. I always enjoy writing about issues of current interest in the courts. I also enjoy trying to put what they are doing into conceptual frameworks. It's the kind of thing one does for fun. The wonder is that anyone is privileged to do it for a living." D
Susan Bell thought there should be a student-run program to orient new students to law school, and so she started one.
The program is called The Network, and as its director, Bell enlists both students and law alumni in orientation activities which include tours, telephone contacts, and alumni-sponsored gatherings in major cities from which new students are being admitted.
"One of the selling points of this School is its warmth," says Bell, "and when I experienced that myself, I thought we should do more to communicate that personal feeling to all new students."
After graduation this year, Bell will join Wilkinson, Cragun & Barker, a firm of 40 attorneys in Washington, D.C. Among her main interests are trial and administrative litigation in communications law. She also has a long-term interest in academic administration.
Already she's accumulated impressive experience.As an extern, she clerked for Judge Timothy C. Murphy of Washington's Superior Court and was a legal intern for the Federal Trade Commission. She has also coordinated educational programs for law clerks and interns in the nation's capital.
Richard Fajardo, editor-in-chief of The Chicano Law Review published at UCLA, heads up the only review specifically devoted to legal issues of Spanish-speaking communities.
That fact has given Fajardo a wealth of contacts among Hispanic and Chicano lawyers, and during his tenure the review has been revitalized. It is now being sent to 700 institutions and 500 individuals, who are concerned with legal issues vital to minority persons.
Fajardo values the review not only for exposing students to legal issues, but as a means of developing their personal writing skills. Moreover, it provides a forum where students and professionals together can map strategies for solving legal problems.
An undergraduate at UC Santa Barbara, Fajardo studied economics before entering law school.
Upon graduation this year, he'll clerk for Judge Richard M. Bilby in federal district court in Tucson, Arizona. He gained legal experience in his law school summers by working in a Venice firm and for the Legal Aid Foundation.
One of Fajardo's aspirations is to eventually establish his own practice, perhaps in Los Angeles or Ventura.
Elizabeth Cheadle, editor-in-chief of The UCLA Law Review, completed a bachelor's in French and the paralegal certification program at UCLA, then worked as a paralegal for Manatt, Phelps, Rothenberg & Tunney before she decided to enter law school.
She has accepted a clerkship with Judge Harry Pregerson on the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals, which will give her experience in constitutional law, civil rights, copyright, and other areas which involve the federal courts. "It's really a continuation of my legal education, and an opportunity to work closely with a judge," observes Cheadle.
Like many students entering law school somewhat later than the norm, Elizabeth found that working in the paralegal field "really gave me the motivation and incentive to go back to school and work much harder. I see that among my classmates: people who have taken time off tend to be more motivated, more focused."
As law review editor, Cheadle has appreciated the opportunity to pursue a specific area of law in writing her own comment. "It's been a tremendous opportunity to do a thorough research job in an area that interested me, and to make a real contribution to the legal literature." Her comment relates to common law marital property states, which she finds have been incorporating the sharing principles commonly associated with community property states.
Steve Rawson is completing an incredible year as chief justice of the School's Moot Court program. Some 154 law students have been participants in the program, which Rawson believes makes it the largest Moot Court program in the nation and the largest in the School's history.
The results have been gratifying, both in competitions won and in response by those involved. "The attorneys who came to judge were very happy with this year's Moot Court problem and with the advocates," observes Rawson. "We received many nice compliments."
Since the summer of his second year, Rawson has been working with the Beverly Hills firm of Glassman & Browning, where he plans to continue employment upon completion of his degree this spring.
Chief among his academic interests have been constitutional law and civil rights. His working experience has included a case challenging the constitutionality of drug paraphernalia ordinances, and also an obscenity trial. Before law school, he was an intern for Congressman Jack Kemp of New York.
A political science undergraduate at Johns Hopkins, Rawson narrowed his choice of law schools to Michigan and UCLA. The final decision was in favor of UCLA's urban environment, which to Rawson offered the promise of greater opportunities in his chosen field.
Lora Livingston, chair of the Black American Law Students Association, is a native of Los Angeles and she intends to serve her community by working in legal services upon completion of her law degree next year.
After her first year in the School of Law, Livingston clerked a summer with the Legal Aid Foundation of Los Angeles; she hopes also to complete a clinical semester in legal aid.
Though she acknowledges that this is a time of threatened retrenchment in the field of poverty law, Livingston says: "Ultimately, I want to live and practice in the community where I grew up." She has remained near her home neighborhood, the Crenshaw area, during law school.
Although it's natural that black and other minority students have interests in the whole legal gamut, Livingston says there are many who, like herself, want to do something to help "the community."
Her personal interests also include sports and entertainment law, especially for clients such as minority artists and athletes.
Livingston has been gaining experience in complex consumer fraud cases, immigration law, and legal problems associated with low income housing during her legal aid work.
In that time there was immense growth in the institution's alumni participation and financial support. Dean William D. Warren said in announcing her appointment as the School of Law's development director: "Karen will bring experience and expertise to our School's development program. We're delighted that she's willing to join our law school community. She has been particularly successful in building alumni support, and we anticipate she will bring to our effort the same success she brought to the University of Chicago program." Stone also has a strong record of accomplishment in community, civic, legal, and political organizations. She served as an aide to City Attorney Burt Pines, and gained knowledge of the legal community while working in that office. She also had valuable experience in fund raising while coordinating the finance of state senate candidate Cathy O'Neill's campaign in 1971-72. "It was a time when the feminist movement was feeling its oats," recalls Stone, "and I believe that campaign experience helped me to decide that a career in fund raising was something I indeed wanted." Stone's community activity has included volunteer work for the YWCA, chairing its West Los Angeles-Beverly
Dean William D. Warren noted that Koskela is a skillful, innovative, and active administrator . "Over the years," said Warren, "she has been consistently one of the School's most popular staff members. I think Barbara knows the names of more UCLA law graduates than anyone alive. She is an unusually talented and committed individual."
Barbara Koskela has been appointed director of student affairs for the School of Law, a post that includes both counseling and administrative duties.
Barbara Koskela Prior to her new position, Koskela managed the School's records office. She plans on improving the student affairs office in a number of ways. One main focus will be better communication between students and administration. "As a counselor , I want to
Is Named Director Of Student Affairs
Barbara Koskela
Karen Stone has been appointed director of development for the School of Law. She brings to the position a background of highly successful development work for the University of Chicago, as well as an understanding of the law school, its alumni, and its potential for the future. Stone was with the University of Chicago's western regional office for six years, and for the past three years directed all of its development and alumni activities throughout the western states.
Karen Stone Named Development Director
Hills campaign, participating in the speakers bureau, and serving on the board of directors for five years. She also has organized fund raising for her church. She sees both short-term and longrange goals in her development activity for the School of Law. "The short-term necessity is to increase the annual support base through Dean's Counsel, Dean's Advoc ates, and James H. Chadbourn Fellows. Money provided through gifts to these annual support groups provides critically needed discretionary funds for the School," Stone says. "Private funds will be more important than ever before in the School of Law's future. I would like to bring more law alumni closer to the School, so that they can become involved in more ways than writing a check. All good support programs are built on a foundation of volunteers." Stone earned her B.A. in 1967 from the University of Chicago. She is presently working toward an M.B.A. at Pepperdine during evening hours. "I intend to be continuing my education forever," she says, "and I see my management training as directly applicable to my career in development."
Karen
Stone
DeanHill Rivkin
BurnsH. Weston
help students with their academic or personal problems," Koskela says. "I want studentstofeelthatI'mapproachable and understanding, andthat I can helpprovidechannelsforanythingthey mightwant to say."
She'll alsotry to help students ease
the financialburden of lawschool through scholarships and emergency loans, andhopestohelpsolveproblems of student housing.
Other goals of Koskela's include organizing more consistent andtraditional orientation and graduation ceremonies, establishingastudentmentor system in which upperclassmen "adopt" andtutor underclassmen, and improving the joint degree programs.
"I love theSchool ofLaw," Koskela concludes. "IcareabouttheSchooland thepeopleinit. Thisjobwillenableme to interact with students andaccomplish more. I'll work closely with studentorganizations, counselstudents on course options, listen to suggestions, andhelp students realize their options regarding any problems they might have.
"ThebottomlineisthatIwanttohelp make theSchool a better community for students for the three years they're here. If I can do that, I'll feel good about my job."
Visiting Professors BolsterNewFaculty
Two visiting law professors-one who taughtinthefallsemesterandonewho is teaching this spring-bolster the School of Law's ranks of new and distinguished faculty this year. Dean Hill Rivkin returned to his position at the UniversityofTennesseeattheendoflast semester,andBurnsH.Westonaccepted an appointment beginning in January.
During his semester at UCLA, Rivkin taught pretrial lawyering process and appellate advocacy in the clinical program.
Rivkin's background includes a law degree from Vanderbilt University and public interest practice as a Reginald Smith Fellow for the Appalachian Defense and Research Fund.
"It was a pleasure to work at UCLA," Rivkin says, "because a number of peopleheresharemyinterestinclinical teachingandinaprojectI'vebeenworking on at Tennessee." The project, fundedbytheNationalScienceFoundation, is an examination of lawyering skills.
"Basically, we're studying what lawyersdo and how they behave," Riv-
kin says. "The project is designed to look at lawyercompetenciesinparticularareasofspecialization. Ourgoalisto understand decisions and patterns in the work oflawyers, the way they perceive andhandle problems."
Rivkin'sworkinthe classroom isalso tied into the project. He's observing the connection between lawyering and teachingskillsinthehopethat, withthe results gathered in this study, law courses willprovidemore and better information for future lawyers.
Burns Weston, after studying at the OberlinConservatoryofMusicandflirting seriously with a career as a concert pianist,decidedthatacareerin lawwas what he really wanted.
Weston graduatedfrom Yale Law School, practicedinNewYork City, and in 1966 beganteaching. He comes to UCLA as avisiting professor from the University of Iowa College of Law
Weston'scourseon international law and worldorderusesthe textbook that he has written on the subject. "Law courses traditionally use case methods asthemeansofstudyinglaw," henotes. "In my course and book I've created problems and situations that are hypothetical. However, those situations aresoclosetorealitythattheycouldbe factual."
Internationalhumanrightsisanother course that Westonis teaching. He is currentlyworkingon three new books. Hisarticle,"ContendingwithaPlanetin Peril and Change: An Optimal Educational Response," appeared inAlternatives.AJournalofWorldPolicylastyear
Weston is a member ofthe board of editors oftheAmericanJournal ofInternational Law; the AmericanSociety ofInternationalLaw; the Consortium of Peace Research, Education, and Development; the U.S. Association for the Club of Rome; and the World Future Studies Federation.
The keeninterest by students in international lawstudy and the "extremelyfinereputationoftheUCLAlaw school" are among Weston's reasons for coming to UCLA.
SBA'sTurkeyTrot
Theannualturkeytrotsponsoredbythe Student Bar Association took place on November 23, 1980. The six-mile race drewsupportfromfaculty, students,and alumni and Professor Richard Delgado was first to arrive at the finish line.
EntertainmentLaw SymposiumTopics Stir Controversy
Anoverflowcrowdof525personsfilled the auditorium in Macgowan Hall on December 5 and6, 1980, for the School of Law's fifth annual UCLA Entertainment Symposium.
Entitled "The Selling of Motion Pictures in the '80s: New Producer/ Distributor/Exhibitor Relationships," the symposium featured numerous speakers from the entertainment industry and the bar. Topics during the two days generated excitement and controversy.
Barbara Boyle'60, executive vice president of New World Pictures, Inc., and David Nochimson from the firm of Mitchell, Silberberg and Knupp servedas symposium coordinators.
ProfessorMelville Nimmer, who welcomed those attending, noted that overthepast five years the UCLA symposium has become "an important institutionintelevision, motionpicture and academic circles."
Nimmer briefly remarked on the emergence of home video as a new phenomenon in the sense that, unlike films, video tapes are available for sale, which may result in a new consideration of the first sale doctrine in copyright law.
Leo Greenfield, senior vice president of marketing anddistribution for Associated Film Distribution Corporation, gave "an overview of the business and what it seems to be about," defining patterns ofrelease such as exclusive run, limited multiple, and multiple.
The myth, said Greenfield, is that a major distributor has "a bankroll anda great trackrecord," whereas, in reality, theonlydifferencebetweenmajorsand independents isthe method ofdistribution of each. He concluded by saying: "The day of the majors is drawing to a close."
Yetanentirelydifferentsortofpicture was painted by Frank Moreno, vice president of domestic distribution for New World Pictures.
Morenosaidithasbeen55yearssince amajorwascreated, andthatthepower of the majors over the circuits "can't bedenied." Moreover, he said, the role of theindependentsis threatened by
changes in the marketplace such as the decline in drive-ins and downtown theaters, and by the difficulty independents now encounter in trying to get generaltheatersto show independent films on afirst-runbasis.
The finalspeakerof the first day was Robert W. Cort, executivevicepresident for worldwide advertising, publicity andpromotionat Twentieth CenturyFox. He said thefilm industry faces a crisiscausedby"staggeringcosts,tough audience trends, and institutional turbulence."
Inorderfortheindustrytoprosperin the years ahead, said Cort, eachfilm at theoutsetmusthaveadistinctiveedge, a linkage between marketing and production, and a marketing "hook."
Foreigndistributionwas discussed on Saturday by Robert Meyers, president of Lorimar Distribution International. He outlined the advantages and disadvantages ofdistributing a film abroad via the majors or the independents. The bestforeign markets for an American filmare, indescending order of importance, Japan, Italy, Germany, France, Spain, the United Kingdom and Argentina, according to Meyers.
The next twospeakers, Kenneth Ziffren '65 of Ziffren, Brittenham, and Gullen,andJosephAdelman,vicepresident of business affairs for Paramount Pictures, discussed the structure and negotiation of distribution arrangements fromadversarialperspectives.
While Ziffren, representing the producer, advocatedmaking a deal "wellin advance of production," Adelman countered, from the point of view ofa major distributor, that "the majority of deals are made after production. We want to seethe picture, unlesselementssuchas the script are very·exciting on paper."
After Sumner Redstone, president of National Amusements, Inc., delivered a fiery attack on the majors as a "classic oligopoly, or, more inflammatorily characterized, a shared monopoly," the audience went to the Ackerman Union. There luncheon speakerTom "Billy Jack" Laughlin said that the people in charge of making pictures "haven't demonstratedthat they have a nose for the audience."
Said Laughlin: "A good motion pictureiscatchingadreamfortwohoursin the dark. We have to put heart, warmth and love back into pictures. We have to celebrate the humanbeing, celebrate what'sdecentandgoodinus,andabove all, celebratewhat's most important in life, and that is love."
After the luncheon, Harry Swerdlow of Swerdlow, Glikbarg and Shimer discussed the Paramount decree as a vehicle foropeningupcompetitioninthe industrywherenonehadexistedbefore.
Deliberately attempting to counterbalance the negativism earlier in the day, Swerdlow said: "I have great faith in the people in this business who havesurvivedoverthelastfewdecades.
They have built up an entertainment industrywhich is second to none in the world, and which is a model of free competition."
The symposium wound up with a four-personpaneltoexplorevariousaspectsofsequentialmarketsfortheatrical motion pictures.
Panelparticipants were Andrew R. Wald,seniorvicepresident ofprogramming,National SubscriptionTelevision; Edward Bleier,executive vice president ofWarnerBrothersTelevision; Joseph Zaleski,vice president of featureprograms,ViacomInternational; and Lawrence Harris,vice president of business affairs,Twentieth CenturyFox Telecommunications Division.
Wald provided the audience (and then described in detail) a glossary of termsaboutpaytelevision,forwhichhe forecast a bright future.
Bleier, addressing the lawyers in the crowd,said "we must educate our clients that the network market is tightening."
Zaleski said that,if he had one message to give,it is that "selling motion picturesto TV is asecure field," and Harrispredictedthathomevideowould be a billion-dollar business by 1985.
Symposiumcoordinator Nochimson said after itsconclusion: "Lawyers and businessmanagers usually deal with production,but frequentlythey get involvedwithdistributionandexhibition. The symposium stimulated thought andinterest in those areas.The speakers were candid and outspokenin expressingtheir points of view,which was unusual and refreshing."
A detailed syllabus outlined or carried in full the speeches as well as pertinent documents. (Those who didn't attend the symposium canpurchase thesyllabusbycontacting Bea Cameron at the School ofLaw,phone 825-7049.)
OnSeptember6,1980,alumniwhoparticipatedin the School's clinical programcelebratedthefirstdecadeofclinical instruction at UCLA with a Santa MariabarbecueheldattheJamesE.West Center.It was a night full offond memories,friendship,warmth,and quite a few laughs.
The School of Law's national Moot Court team has won first placein oral argumentandthebestbriefawardinthe Region12divisionofthenational Moot Court competition,which was held November 12-14 in San Francisco.
David Babbe,Steven Dickinson,and EricEmanuel-membersofUCLA'snational team-will argue in national rounds in New York in February.
The annual national competitionis sponsoredbytheAssociationoftheBar of the City of NewYork,and includes winninglawschool teamsfromregional divisions throughout the nation.
In the regionals, UCLA faced a competitive pool drawn from most of the lawschoolsinCalifornia,includingCal Western, Hastings, Loyola, McGeorge, Pepperdine,SantaClara,Southwestern, Stanford,UC Davis, USC, University of San Francisco,UniversityofSan Diego, Western State,and Whittier.
UCLA'snationalteamiscomposedof the two best oralists and the best brief writer from the School's Moot Court honors program for second-year students.Some 100 students are involved intwoMootCourt problems duringthe year,andone-fifthoftheseareinvitedto argueintheRoscoePoundcompetition, from which the two best oralists and best brief writer are chosen.
Memorial Established To DavidBernard
Establishment of the David Bernard Memorial Aviation Law Library has been announced by the UCLA Law Library.A grant from the David Bernard Memorial Foundation provided the funds for the new collection.
David Bernard was a partner in the firmofBelcher,Henzie and Biegenzahn and specialized in aviation litigation. He died in the September25,1978, Pacific Southwest Airlines plane crash. Bornin1931, Bernard graduatedfrom Stanford in 1953 and received his J.D.degree from UCLA in 1958.
Classnotes
George Aaron '76 opened his own office in Sherman Oaks and specializes in personal injury and criminal defense.
Ronald W. Anteau '65,a partner in the Century City firm ofTrope and Trope, has beencertifiedas a family law specialist.
John (Jack) Avery '74 has been appointedactingattorneygeneral of Guam.
Douglas D. Barnes '79 and Ronald R. Gastelum '71 have joined the firm of Ochoa, Holderness, Barbosa & Crook.
Fred Berstein '76 has been appointed vice presidentforthe motion picture division ofTime-Life Films, Inc.,based in Beverly Hills.
Robert J. Berton '62 has been appointed byGovernorBrown and confirmed by the California Senate as a member of theCaliforniaLaw Revision Commission.He continues to practice law in SanDiegoas a partner of the firm of Procopio,Cory,Hargreaves and Savitch.
Paul L. Basile '71 and Gary J. Siener '71 announcetheformationof a partnership forthe practice of law under the firm name of Basile & Siener with offices in Santa Monica and Tarzana.
Michael D. Berk '67,Michael McAndrews '71, Aaron M. Peck '64, James R. Walther '72, Robert M. Waxman '79, and Daniel H. Willick '73,formerly of the firm of McKenna & Fitting,arenow with the firm of McKenna, Conner & Cuneo as aresult of the merger of McKenna & Fittingwith the firm of Seller,Conner & Cuneo in Washington, D.C.Themergerbecame effective November 1,1980.Edward Lasker '55 is counsel tothefirm.
Richard Besone '75 announces the opening ofhis office for the general practice oflaw in Beverly Hills.
Thomas Brayton '67, Stephen C. Jones '68, and Paul M. Mahoney '68 announce the formation of a partnership for the general practice of law.The nameof the new firm is Jones, Mahoney and Brayton with offices in Pomona and Newport Beach.
Scott A. Cardiner '77 has openedlaw officesin Santa Monica as a solepractitioner. His practice will continue to emphasizecivil litigation matters.
Nicholas Chrisos '76 has become deputy public defender for OrangeCounty.
Donald R. Clinebell '76 has joinedthe firm of Fulop, Rolston, Burns & McKittrick, Beverly HillsandNewportBeach. For the past two and a half years he has worked as adeputy attorney general in the office of the attorney general of the State of California.
JosephK.Davis'72 hasbeenappointed Judge of the Municipal Court of San Diego. He served as supervising attorney of Legal Aid Society of San Diego and prior to that as deputy city attorney for San Diego.
Sally Disco '67 has been appointedby Governor Brown to the Los Angeles Municipal Court.
Teddy J. Eden '75 has become adeputy city attorney for Los Angeles. He was formerly adeputy county counsel for Tulare County.
Robert J. Enders '75 returned to California from Washington, D.C., wherehe was attorney advisor andassistantto the executive director of the Federal TradeCommission,to become regional director in the FTC's Los Angeles office.
David G. Epstein '78 announces the opening of his office for the practice of law.His new office is located in Westwood.
Michael S. Fields '72 was appointed a judge of the Monterey, California, MunicipalCourt in November of1979.
John Floyd '74 is inprivatepracticeof law withspecial interest in government contracts.
Marvin S. Frankel '62 recently retired
from the private practice of law with the firm of Robison, Mckasey & Frankel in Anchorage, Alaska.After a sabbatical with the Gaming Control Board in Las Vegas and astay in Palm Springs, he is nowdisciplinaryadministrator and bar counsel for the Alaska Bar Association. Frankel first went to Alaska in1966 when President Johnson appointedhim U.S.Attorney for Alaska.
Hiroshi Fujisaki '62 has been elevated from the LosAngeles Municipal Court to the LosAngeles Superior Court.Judge Fujisakiis a member of the board ofdirectorsof the UCLA Law Alumni Association.
Barbara Teuscher Gamer '70 was appointed by Governor Brown to the Municipal Court, San Diego Judicial District.
Stephen L. Garman '78 has openedhis office in Oceanside, California, for the general practice of law.
Marsha McLean-Utley '64 was recipient ofthe 1980 Alumna ofthe Year Award, and was congratulated by CharlesR. English'65, presidentofthe Law AlumniAssociation, during an alumniluncheon at the State Bar Convention in Monterey.She is a partner inthe ftrm ofGibson, Dunn and Crutcher.
Robert G. Garrett '75 has become a member of the firm of Rubin, Miller & Eagan with offices in Beverly Hills.
Morris S. Getzels '76 is associating with the Beverly Hills law firm of Ambrose, Malat & Lans. Formerly he was with the office of the general counsel, Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporationin Washington, D.C.
Michael Glazer '67 has recently returned to Los Angeles after three years in Washington, D.C., asassistantadministrator of theNationalOceanic and Atmospheric Administration, where he was in charge of the national coastal zone management program and the agency's office of policy and planning. He will be practicing with Agnew, Miller and Carlson.
Victor J. Gold '75 has been appointed associate professor of law at Arizona State University.
Kim J. Grosch '76 opened solo practice inCoeur d'Alene, Idaho. He first went to Idahoto work as a Vista attorney with Idaho Legal Aid.In his general practice domestic work comprises 85-90percent of the caseload.
Arnold W. Gross '73 has been elected treasurer of the San Fernando Valley Bar Associationfor the year1980-1981.
Michael J. Harrington '75 has joined the trust counsel department of Crocker National Bank.
Suzanne Harris '77 has become an associate of the law firm of Sheppard, Mullin, Richter and Hampton, practicing family law in the firm's Los Angeles office.
Richard W. Havel '71, J. Robert Nelson '71, and Richard T. Peters '71 are partners in the law firm ofSidley & Austin.Members of the firm of Shutan & Trost have consolidated with the firm of Sidley & Austin for the continued practice of law.
Barry Allen Herzog '69 is now a partner in the newly formed firm of Allen, Gordon & Herzog.Offices are located in Santa Monica. Barry is a certified criminal law specialist andhas been in private practice for the last two years after six years in the L.A.County Office of the Public Defender.
Linda Leon Hoffmann '72 has been appointed general deputy in the Iowa citizens' aide office. Linda will be responsible for handling general citizen complaints and inquiries to the office. The office investigates complaints about state and local government agencies and officials.
Susan T. House '75 participated as a panelist in the CEB program entitled "Conservatorships under the New Probate Code" in September, 1980.
Richard Jaye '69 and Michael V. White '73 announce the formation of a partnership, White & Jaye, specializing in criminal law.
Ric Kilmer '79 has become a tribal attorney for the Muckleshoot Indian Tribe in Auburn, Washington. Duties include acting as tribal prosecutor,
revising the tribe's law and order code, and drafting a youth code pursuant to the tribe's reassumption of jurisdiction under the Indian Child Welfare Act of 1978.
Carl Klunder '77 joined the law firm of Rigg & Dean in Santa Ana, California, specializing in personal injury litigation, both plaintiff and defense.
Timothy Lappen '75 of Lappen and Lappen has added an associate attorney to the firm. The firm is located in Century City and will continue emphasizing business and general litigation, corporate law, real estate development, and family law.
Moses Lebovits '75 announces the opening of his office for the practice of law. He will specialize in tort and business litigation with emphasis on
malpractice, products liability, and aviation matters. Offices will be located in Century City. In 1981, Lebovits will be an adjunct professor at Southwestern and he will teach aviation law.
John Lovell '69, for two years legal counsel for the Du Pont Company, Wilmington, Delaware, is director of governmental affairs for E. & J. Gallo Winery, Modesto. He will have total responsibility for directing the company's legislative program.
Antonia E. Martin '77 has become a partner of Procopio, Cory, Hargreaves and Savitch in San Diego.
Daniel C. Minteer '74 has become a member of Lillick, McHose and Charles and has been appointed managing partner of the firm's San Diego office. Andrew W. Robertson '74 and
Address __rhone
Judge Oretta Ferri Sears '63 of the Orange County Superior Court, on December 8, 1980. J
Name r._, 1Jass
If your name is missing in the Classnotes, here's your chance to remedy the situation. Your classmates will enjoy seeing your name in the next issue of UCLA Law. Please take a moment now to provide information for your Classnote.
Is Your Name Missing? Here's a Remedy
NECROLOGY
Michael A. Ozurovich '71 announces the formation of a partnership with David Schwartz. Offices will be located in Torrance and special emphasis will be placed on workers compensation law and related matters. Ozurovich i6 a State Bar certified specialist in workers' compensation law.
Jack M. Newman '65 has been elevated from the Los Angeles Municipal Court to the Los Angeles Superior Court.
Durham Monsma '77 and Robbie Tyrell '79 are married and practicing law in Los Angeles. He is staff counsel at Times Mirr or, specializing in cable television. She is associated with the Century City furn of Cox, Castle & Nicholson, specializing in corporate securities.
Broox W. Pe te rson '76 is living in New York City, working in the office of the general counsel of American Express Company.
Dominick Rubalcava '72, formerly an assistant U.S. Attorney and now in private practice specializing in white collar criminal defense work, was
Kneave Rigali '78 has become associated with the litigation department of the Los Angeles office of the firm of Reavis & McGrath. William Roth '67 has become an associate professor at the Detroit College of Law, specializing in evidence and trial advocacy. Before leaving California, he taught at the University of La Verne College of Law. His publications include "General vs. Specific Intent: A Time for Ter minological Understanding in California," 7 Pepperdine Law Review 67 (1979), and an essay entitled "The State of Mind Exception to the Hearsay Rule: A Diagrammatic Approach," 157 Cal. Rptr . Adv. Sh. No. 6 (Sept. 21, 1979).
Marshal M. Taylor '74 have also become members of the firm.
Zip D Check if address is new recently appointed by Mayor Tom Bradley to the Board of Fire Commissioners, which is the statutory head of the Los Angeles Fire Department. Herbert E. Schwartz '61 has formed a new firm, Resch, Polster & Schwartz, specializing in real estate, tax, and securities law. He was a member of the School of Law faculty from 1962 through 1970.
William P. Wade '72 is a senior counsel on the staff of the Bank of America, specializing in pension ,law investments, and estate planning. His recent publication is "Bank Sponsored Collective Investments Funds: An Analysis of Applicable Federal Banking and Securities Laws," 35 Business Lawyer 361 (1980). Lawrence C. Weeks '76 has joined the law firm of Nossaman, Krueger & Marsh. Dorrie E. Whitlock '76 took an appointment as lecturer in the Business Administration Department of California State College, Stanislaus, in Turlock, teaching business law for the school ye ar 1980-81. She also announces her association with Daniel E. Whitlock, Jr. , for the general practice of law under the name of Whitlock & Whitlock with offices in Modesto.
Jonathan B. Steiner '70 was appointed chief assistant State Public Defender in charge of the Los Angeles division of the State Public Defender's Office.
John P. Simon '76 began a new career trading financial futures for his own account on the floor of the International Monetary Market of the Chicago Mercantile Exchange.
