Architecture Thesis- URBAN VOIDS DEVELOPMENT (REDEVELOPMENT OF MILL)

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Why This Topic ?

Future cities will have to confront limited urban spaces and resources, undertake the preservation or conservation of sense of place, and continuously improve the existing urban environment. Accordingly, urban void spaces are likely to become key strategic places for ‘Green Urban Development’.

“The only thing constant is change.

It’s up to you to be adaptable”

Abandoned mills are the places which can not be restarted again as these are located in the middle of the city , Delhi is a place which is already very polluted and is over populated The abandoned mills cannot be used as their prime functioning, as the mills are built in colonial era and now, at present there are settlements around it and it will create disturbance and pollution in the areas. So rather than reinforce and use that as a mill, it can be reused and designed as something that will help the society for a better life.

Idea !

WHAT ARE URBAN VOIDS ?

Urban voids or Terra incognita are all areas in a city, whose functions and designs have not yet been decided upon conclusively.

These may be reserve areas, fallow land, distance spaces, vacant buildings, polluted or unused properties. All these areas do not fulfill any concrete function in the urban system

MILLS AS URBAN VOID

ADAPTIVE REUSE OF MILLS Adaptive reuse is a process that changes a

disused or ineffective item into a new item that can be used for different purposes.

Urban voids present new opportunities for developing ambiguous and dynamic relationships. This blurring of public and private realms, of cultural and commercial zones, overturns the modern urban project with its desire to create distinct mono functional territories, but to no great purpose. Such fragmentary productions rests on a peculiar echo of the traditional strategy of urban beautification where to be at the centre might now mean to be at the edge. In contrast to this council of despair, it is therefore necessary to redefine how a city might be made so its citizens are able to comprehend and be accommodated by the environment in which they are expected to live.

The Adaptive reuse of historic building should have minimal impact on the heritage significance of the building and its setting. The most successfully developed heritage adaptive reuse projects are those that respect and retain the building's heritage significance and add a contemporary layer that provides value for the future.

•Industrial heritage consists Of the remains of industrial culture which are of historical, technological, social, architectural or scientific value.

•The program will unlock the neglected urban space, restoring lost relationship and facilitating the adaptation of old architecture to new use the new urban environment .

•The strong economy and interests in urban renewal, combined with the locations and architectural scale Of Old power plants, have resulted in creating opportunities for adaptive reuse of these obsolete facilities.

•Adaptive reuse can also reduce environmental issues that come with urban sprawl, by providing cities sustainable housing and commercial property solutions .

Social Sustainability Well-done adaptive reuse can restore an old building not only for new use , but also for the community to continue appreciating the site’s historical significance and maintain links to the Economic Sustainability With past . today’s rising costs of energy, reducing energy consumption from adaptive reuse directly translates to large financial savings.

TYPES OF VOID 1. Planning Voids

2. Functional Voids

Planning Voids are voids that are created due to the faulty planning process. These are the voids that are most visible in an urban area.

Functional voids are voids created due to left over space or a built mass that has become defunct. A functional void have a great legal aspect associated with it, in general defunct areas/buildings are either under litigation or are government property where reallocation of functions have to go through a mammoth bureaucratic process.

CONCEPT OF VOIDS

3.Geographical Voids Geographical voids are voids that are created due to existence of a geographical feature. Such voids are resultant of planning process.

• The voids of the city are spaces which disrupt the urban tissue, leaving it incomplete and throw into question the use of those spaces.

• Sometimes called urban ruins, they are at the limit between private and public space, without belonging either to the one or to the other .

• The Urban Voids are a vital component in the context of the built environment. With enormous but hidden potentials, it has the capacity of becoming the corner stone of the city of tomorrow.

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SITE INFORMATION

SITE DIMENSIONDS

LOCATION

 SITE LOCATION : Kamla Nagar , New Delhi  SITE TOPOGRAPHY : Plain levelled  SITE AREA : sqm ( 8.6 hec.)  PERMISSIBLE GROUND COVERAGE : 30%  PERMISSIBLE F.A.R. : 125 LAND USE : COMMERCIAL

WHY THIS SITE ?

LOCATION AND LANDUSE OF SITE

SOIL TYPE : LOAMY SOIL FLORA :DECIDIOUS TREES FAUNA : APES ROME AROUND

PRESENT SITE CONDITION

IN PREMISE

GREEN AREA EXISTING BUILDINGS WATER BODY

The entire area is completely neglected and this calls for an urgent attention. Adding to this are the mill properties which with each passing day are becoming negative urban voids amidst the dense residential and commercial development. The site is situated at confluence of two areas Kamla Nagar and Malka Ganj catering to strikingly different character districts one of planned Kamla Nagar area and that of Malka Ganj .Malka Ganj area is a claustrophobic area ,the area lies in state of neglect unplanned and haphazard planning resulted in cramped living spaces and lack of green open and healthy spaces for community . Adding to this are mill properties , which with every passing day are becoming "negative urban voids" amidst the dense residential and commercial development ,if utilized properly these can act as a catalyst for economic and social growth depending upon the needs of the community

The different buildings have been let out to different people mostly as godown and small factories, commodities such as oxygen tanks, cotton, toys etc. were stored there.  Many areas have been abandoned as they were made for a specific task and are difficult to reuse. Some of the labour that works here live in some parts of the building,  The mill encompasses chimney which is of no use since the factory has shut down. .

DEMOGRAPHIC SURVEY

CLIMATOLOGY

Delhi is one of the fastest growing cities in the world, reaching over 18 million this year from just 400,000 in 1901. In 2001 alone, its population increased by 215,000 due to natural growth and 285,000 through migration. By 2020, Delhi is expected to be the third largest conurbation after Tokyo and Mumbai. Delhi struggles with its rapid growth and is facing substantial pressure to improve commercial and residential infrastructure.

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The site is situated on the Grand Trunk road and is well connected to the Kamla Nagar market and Delhi University North Campus and the other nearby prominent places such as Mutiny Memorial, Hindurao Hospital and Kamla Nehru Ridge. Site is connected to metro station at a distance of 1.8 km via paratransit. DTC bus services provide buses which connects site to rest of the city. The Area is well served by paratransit (rickshaws), easily available at many points, Site is connected to metro station at a distance of 1.8 km via paratransit. DTC bus services provide buses which connects site to rest of the city. The Area is well served by paratransit (rickshaws), easily available at many points,

SECTION A

G.T .ROAD Road – 9 M Footpath-1.5M ARTERIAL ROAD

METRO (Pulbangash ) 1.5Km

SECTION B

BUS STOP (Ghanta Ghar ) 230 M

AIRPORT (IGI Domestic ) 25.5Km (IGI International)24.1Km RAILWAY STATION (Old Delhi) 3.4 Km

G.T .ROAD Road – 15 M Footpath-1.5M ARTERIAL ROAD

MAJOR LANDMARKS AND ROAD

SECTION C

SECTION E

SECTION D

A

B C D

E

Due to the presence of node (Clock Tower) there is heavy traffic at the intersection as the road running from north to south Is a major arterial road . Because of the encroachment the road width is variable and bottle neck at some point .

GHANTA GHAR ROAD Road – 6 M Footpath-1.5M SUB ARTERIAL ROAD

ROSHNARA ROAD Road -9M Footpath -1M SUB ARTERIAL ROAD

LAL JAGAN MARG Road -15 M Footpath -1M ARTERIAL ROAD

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PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE

MAPPING OF GREEN AREAS

SIGNAGE

Solid Waste Management : Solid waste is collected and segregated through Dhalao which are evenly distributed in the both the wards.

Majorly located on primary road connecting the area.

Sewage: MCD takes the responsibility of sewage disposal. Major area of Malka Ganj is deprived sewage pipe. While Kamla Nagar being a plannedcolony contains proper sewageline.

Water: Delhi Jal board water is main source of drinking water supplied on daily basis. Malka Ganj suffers from water scarcity during summers .

TRAFFIC ANALYSIS

PAVEMENTS

Electricity: BSES is responsible for supplying electricity to the area.

HEAVY TRAFFIC PEDESTRIAN

LIGHTING

Sensory Factors •Sounds •Smells •views

Very less signage ,and the one present there are covered with posters and pamphlet Badly maintained (clay baked tiles)

Privately installed by trades near shops and street lights

•Inside the mill there is no noise pollution •Good sewage provision is there •The premise of the mill is surrounded by shops and commercial buildings

LIGHT TRAFFIC

SCIOGRAPHY

EVENING WINTER

MORNING SUMMER

EVENING SUMMER

DEMOGRAPHIC SURVEY Residents' survey

75% children play on the streets

Workers' survey

Majority of workers take 10 minutes to reach their workplace.

Public conveniences are available at 5 minutes walk.

60% workers introduce modern trades and functions whereas 15% introduce more cultural and communal activities and events.

The rest 25% introduce more traditional trades and functions. .

Visitor's survey

60% people feel the area is unsafe. 60% of people identify this place with the clock tower. Majority of visitors (North campus) can reach this place within 20 minutes.

NOON WINTER

MORNING WINTER

NOON SUMMER

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ACTIVITY MAPPING Morning: Being a retail market and intersection of commercial district, it is occupied by businessmen Afternoon: With a theatre in the proximity and shopping front, number of people gets multiplied.

Evening and night: Kamla nagar and Kolhapur are major shopping centres of the site which are densely occupied.

MAPPING ARCHITECTURAL CHARACTER AND BUILDING TYPE The mill complex has two temporary structures, rest are permanent structures. The mill was established in 1940's, hence a major part of the mill is old and the buildings are bad in condition as far the structure is concerned. There are three new buildings in the mill complex.

BLOCK C

BLOCK H BLOCK G

BLOCK F BLOCK E

BLOCK A

BLOCK B

SCALE The buildings in the vicinity are all not high rise ranging from 9 15m in height.

Due to this, the clock tower and the mill chimney is the emphasis of the area due to their height.

BLOCK D

The mill complex has 2 temporary structures, rest are permanent structures. Block C. Block D and Block G Old blocks of the mill and possess good architectural character.

BLOCK A - Structure condition good -New building- Bad architectural character -Used as storage - Ventilation provided over the flat roof ( 2 storeyed) BLOCK B -Structure condition good -New building- Bad architectural character -Used as storage and residence by workers -Stairs from outside for roof access -Partially sloped and flat roof(2 storeyed) BLOCK C -Main entrance of the mill - Structure condition good - Old building- Good architectural character -Used as warehouse and storage -Original sloped roof replaced by the flat roof -4 storeyed with a basement - temporary dwellings made in front of it BLOCK D - Structure condition good -Old building -Good architectural character - Used as warehouse and storage - The chimney is unused but still standing BLOCK E - Structure condition good -Old building- Good architectural character -Used as warehouse -Rainwater pipes replaced by PVC pipes as original GI pipes were cracked and burst.

BLOCK F- Structure condition moderate- Old building- Good architectural character- Used as residence by workers at upper as well as lower levels BLOCK G- Structure condition bad, roof of upper level collapsed due to fire- Old building- Good architectural character- Used as residence and storage by workers BLOCK H- Structure condition moderate- Old building, a bit damaged - Good architectural character- Used as residence by workers

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SITE ISSUES

ACCESSIBILITY

ROSHNARA BAGH

PUNJABI BASTI

STRENGTH

site is surrounded by residential and commercial arears.

There is proper drainage ,good supply of electricity and water in the area .

Location of site on major arterial road i.e G T Road Area is never deserted because of delhi university and Kamla Nagar market in the proximity. well known landmarks near site .

WEAKNESS

Too much congestion near nodal point . some buildings are damaged or prone to damage low maintenance of nearby infrastructure Due to derelict condition of the few blocks it is quit difficult to trace the original plan of the mill.

OPPURTUNITY

MUTINY MEMORIAL

The site can be designed in a good manner Proper designing can create employment opportunity.

The proper designing can rectify the traffic issue of the area causing bottle neck at the major points like clock tower and cinema hall .

The design will rejuvenate the old mill .

Since the area lacks the proper greenery and open public spaces , the proposal will provide a solution to it .

THREAT

Most of the buildings in the vicinity are aged and of independence era Encroachment by people along the boundary of mill .

Most of the building aged lies on sesmic zone 4

Activities and Usage The different buildings have been let out to different peoplemostly as godowns and small factories, Many areas have been abandoned as they were made for a specific task and are difficult to reuse.

Some of the labour that works here live in some parts of the building, The mill encompasses chimney which is of no use since the factory has shut down.

Worker 's Housing Role : Residential Units Activity: residence of mill worker Appearance: Dilapidated structures categorized as slums by Government

MUTINY MEMORIAL

Newly constructed resedential property Role: Residences cropped up in Mill property Appearance: RCC structure Old structure used as storages and warehouses Role: Old mill building Activity: Gas cylinder storage Demolished Ganesh Vanaspati mill A 2 acre vacant plot belonging to DDA where Ganesh Vanaspati mill existedEntrance to mill Arched entrance leading towards the mill Dried water pond present at site Role: Earlier pond water was utilized for production Activity: Currently used as a dump yard Appearance: Mixed use building on both side of road

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LOCATION

DATA AT GLIMPSE  Tate Modem is situated in London, UK along Thames River. 8.48-acre site 650-feet-long on north side Chimney stack 325' tall Galleries for display & exhibition: 84,250 sq ft  Turbine Hall = covered street: 35,520 sq ft 240-seat auditorium 9 elevators, 4 for public—16 people each 6 escalators 2 cafes: 240-seat and 170-seat plus 30-seat bar 4.2 million bricks 134 million euros total cost

INTRODUCTION Tate is an institution that houses the United Kingdom's national collection of British art, and international modern and contemporary art. It is a network of four art museums:

WHY THIS CASE STUDY ?

This case study is chosen to study about the efficient usage of spaces of a dying old powerhouse to convert it into a lively art gallery .

DESIGN Prior to redevelopment, the power station was a 200 m (660 ft) long, steel framed, brick clad building with a substantial central chimney standing 99 m (325 ft). The structure was roughly divided into three main areas each running east-west - the huge main turbine hall in the centre, with the boiler house to the north and the switch house to the south. The most obvious external change was the two-story glass extension on one half of the roof. Much of the original internal structure remained, including the cavernous main turbine hall, which retained the overhead travelling crane.

An electrical substation, taking up the Switch House in the southern third of the building The original western half of the Switch House was demolished to make room for the tower and then rebuilt around it with large gallery spaces and access routes between the main building and the new

tower on level 1 (ground level) and level 4. The new galleries on level 4 have natural top lighting. A bridge built across the turbine hall on level 4 to provides an upper access route A tenstorey tower, 65 metres high from ground level, was built above the oil tanks.

LOCATION

London, UK

Total floor Area

34,000 square metre

ARCHITECT

Herzog & De Neuron

Period of Design

1997-2000

CLIMATE

warm summers and cool winters

BROAD ACTIVITIES

modern art gallery

FLOOR PLANS LAYOUT Level 6 & 7 Activities on Level 6 will focus on a large flexible study centre, with an open study area at its heart, designed for flexible use especially for collaborative small group work. Workstations for individual study will be found adjacent to the group area with access to a wide range of digital resources including films on art and artists, and time-based media works of art.

Level 4 Children's Gallery, in which a group of works from the Collection presented with children specifically in mind, i.e. works hung relatively lower with targeted and interactive interpretation.

Photography Gallery, devoted to groups of photographic works, presented alongside related archival material. The displays will change regularly and the gallery will be a place in which new acquisitions of photography can be displayed and new scholarship presented. It will demonstrate Tate Modern's commitment to photography, which will also continue be presented alongside other media within the Collection displays.

Screening Room, with 40 seats.

Level 2 Visitors will approach Tate Modern through three distinct public landscapes to the north, west and south. The northern river approach will remain substantially unchanged and will continue to be used for large-scale events

Level 5 The other galleries will be programmed in two or three clusters. At different times they will be used to show groups of individual artist's works from the Collection, small thematic displays, and will also be used to show iconic anchor works. The galleries are ideally suited for smaller-scale works of art including works on paper, prints and small-scale sculpture. The public concourse at Level 4 will link to a terrace overlooking the Turbine Hall. A void will provide a clear visual link to Level 5, on which top-lit galleries with high ceilings will be found, This will allow for more works from the Collection to be on view at any one time in spaces ideally suited to them. Spaces for interpretation, discussion and reflection will be found between the gallery clusters on Levels 4 and 5, providing high-quality informal facilities for group and individual learning.

Level 3 A large flexible exhibition suite with high ceilings will form the heart of Level 3. The space will be able to present larger-scale works, time-based media and sculpture.

Level 1 An enlarged welcome zone will greet visitors at the foot of the Turbine Hall ramp, with information desks and screens, ticketing facilities and seating. It offers full details of the programmers' throughout the building

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HISTORY The power station closed in 1981.

In April 1994 the Tate Gallery announced that Bank side would be the home for the new Tate Modern.

opened by the Queen on 11 May 2000

A protected view corridor to St. Paul's Cathedral imposes a height restriction of50m for any development to the east of the chimney of Tate Modern.

This has implications for the scale of future development and the development of public open space. The large numbers of visitors to the area place considerable pressure on the existing infrastructure

The area is covered by a coach ban with coach parking on Southward Road, which blights the building frontages there and will reduce the value of redevelopment on adjacent sites

A strategy for coach parking in the wider area needs to be considered.

The old street pattern creates difficulties for accommodating the demand from cars.

In year, an international competition was launched to select an architect for the new gallery. Jacques Herzog and Pierre de Meuron of Herzog & de Meuron were announced as the winning architects in January 1995.

Bank side Power Station, which was originally designed by Sir Giles Gilbert Scott, ,built in two stages between 1947 and 1963

The Almshouses to the west of the site are protected.

These are historic buildings in the midst of development and as such it is important that their Rights to Light are respected.

There are problems of congestion and competing demands for parking.

The path of the sun throughout the day means that much of the area is in shade.

LANDSCAPE  The gardens are important topographical sites that mediate between the space of the city and the building.

The gardens blur the distinction between inside and outside.  The plaza that spreads out between the riverside promenade and the chimney extends into the turbine hall where it becomes the platform. The area along the river, Bankside Gardens, is divided into three: a central plaza, framed by birch trees; to the west the arboretum, a lawn dotted with groups of birch trees; which offers a place of rest and repose; and the east garden, with its smaller groups of birches, a transition to the domestic scale of the adjoining buildings. The gravel surface, used throughout, is loose, bonded, or rolled into the asphalt. The soft texture of the gravel links the plaza with the lawns and, at the same time, suggests an extension of the riverbank.

This has an adverse effect on much of the open space particularly adjacent to the river walk.

TURBINE HALL

GREEN DESIGN

STRENGTH  The location along the river Thames creating a good microclimate  Similar surroundings of art galleries, theatres and other cultural building

THREAT  With a major river in front, there is a threat of flooding

WEAKNESS  There is a railway track passing through nearby some area are non uniform and random due to original design of powerhouse

OPPORTUNITY  Creates an awareness of culture and contemporary art among the people

 The project—originally built as a power generation facility—used an immense amount of natural daylight to light the deep spaces within.  A large skylight ran the length of the main turbine hall, while clerestory and cathedral windows laced the outer wings to light both the switch panel wing and the boiler room wing. . This box, along with the box at the top of the chimney, offers outstanding views of the greater London area. At night when these spaces are lighted from within, they make a Swiss Light which is funded by the Swiss government. Being an adaptive reuse project, the Tate Modern is a very green project when the whole scope and size of the design is realized.

The turbine Hall is invariably portrayed as one the most important features of Tate Modern. The colossal space apparently succeeds in generating a perfect marriage of architectural ambitions and institutional desires on the one hand, and architectural achievements and institutional triumphs on the other, allowing both the institution and the building to emerge as vastly successful. It is a huge free gill to the public.

The turbine hall is perhaps the most famous of all the galleries in the Tate Modern.

This space houses the semi-annual Unilever Series. This series of installations uses the entire space of the hall, which is all free to the public and acts like a covered street.

Allowing public to view these massive art installations was an idea of the architects and museum curators.

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LOCATION

DEMONSTRATION SPACES National Craft Museum is located in New Delhi, near the Purana Qila and Pragati Maidan.

MARTAND SINGH

DESIGN

INTRODUCTION In this case study of National Craft Museum, the main aim is to study the provision of workspace provided to the small scale artisans . the circulation and planning layout of display galleries the use of construction material and techniques, since the designing is based totally on vernacular architecture

WHY THIS CASE STUDY ?

National Craft Museum is chosen for the case study, because it is designed using only the vernacular material and no use of modern material .To study about space designing for small scale industry workers and artisans . To study circulation of galleries and display areas.

DATA AT A GLIMPSE

The demonstration program, provides an opportunity to see their creation untold before him.

The architect has brought the rural view in the complex by use of mud plastered walls, brick paved flooring and by getting the structure built in their respective authentic style, the open walls within and outside the building is prominently outlined by terracotta tile roofs giving it a rustic ambience.

This Crafts Museum, casual and accepting of the artisan's vernacular, is organised around a central pathway, going from village to temple to palace, a metaphor for the Indian street - in fact, for India itself, where all these different kinds of crafts have always coexisted down the centuries.

Walking along this spine, one catches glimpses of the principal exhibits that lie on either side.One can visit any particular exhibit, or alternately, progress through all the various sections in a continuous sequence.

Towards the end of the sequence, the exhibits get larger and include fragments of actual buildings - since the crafts of India have always been an essential element.

ANALYSIS LAYOUT LEVEL The craft organized around a central pathway, as one travels down this spine punctuated by the village court, temple court, darbar court and other open spaces one catches glimpses of that lie on either side.

One can progress through all the sections in a continuous sequence.

The end of the sequence is the amphitheatre spaces arranged in an organic pattern similar to traditional village settlement patterns.

Spatial layout to cultural context to space and movement by avoiding rigid and formal spaces.

Centripetal spaces draw visitors attention and divert it to the adjacent to it. Well maintained and well connected spaces.

LOCATION

Mathura Road, New Delhi

SITE AREA

4 acre

BUILDING LEVEL

ARCHITECT

Late. Charles Correa

CLIENT

Trade Fair Authority of India

All huts, courtyards and shrines are built in accordance with regional construction and materials.

Use of dark colors to create rural ambience causes negative feeling and visitors wishes to move on.

CLIMATE

Composite climate

TEMPERATURE

Avg. Max. is 31 deg. Celsius, Avg. Min. is 18 deg. Celsius

ORIENTATION

North – South

BROAD ACTIVITIES

•Crafts Demonstration by master Craftsperson's • Bhuta Sculptures Gallery, Folk and Tribal Crafts Gallery •Temporary Exhibition

CIRCULATION  The visitor moves through a series of courtyards.  All the galleries lead to courtyards  A walk through the museum leads one through a series of open semi open and closed spaces.  The whole museum is divided into small separate galleries which reduce the problem of circulation.  The individual galleries are designed to lead the visitor from one space to another verandahs around the courtyard are used for display.  Entrances to and exits from each section are distinct as they always occur in the sheltered space under the overhead bridges.

Various sections demarcated by varying floor levels.

Village complex often left out of circulation due to low activity Variation in nature and treatment avoids monotony.

No elements highlighted thus no hierarchy of spaces causing wandering, Hierarchy in courtyard spaces evident - scale and hierarchy of courts emphasized by scale of elements within it The entire museum is organized around a central pathway, revealing a sequence of spaces, it is a walkthrough open and semi open passages covered with sloping tiled roofs and lined with old carved wooden ‘jharokas’, perforated iron screens. courtyard having domed pigeon houses adorned with arches and lattice work, panels, massive temple chariots. etc The progression of form is so spontaneous that it is comparable of any settlement which grows without any formal planning, almost like an organic growth scale and proportion creating each view and angle appear naturally composed.

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 WORK SPACES Individual semi- divided work spaces divided according to region and craft.

Group spaces where group efforts are essential, e.g. puppeteers. madhubani painters.

Concrete cubes serve as seating customers.

VILLAGE AREA

 LIBRARY

The museum has a specialized library of more than 10000 books and manuscripts pertaining traditional, rural and tribal arts and cultures.

OBSERVATIONS AMPHITHEATRE

Traditional spaces: Raised level at entrance-bridge level Descending from the bridge- transforms to a natural rural environment on seeing the heavily decorated wall of the souvenir shop.

Starting point – Tulsi plant and temple chariot Courtyard - Steps with brick laid paving- physical transition - mythical worldresting space provided around the courtyard- spaces revealed.

Excellent interplay of open, semi open and closed spaces.

FACADES

Facades used to relect a geographical area as well as portray household activity.

Only the public area is exposed.

Clusters put to look like whole unit by use of doors and plantation beyond.

CORNERS

To exhibit artifacts and large exhibits carefully put along lines of monument.

RECEPTION

CAFE

STRENGTH

 Good circulation due to the courtyard planning  Proper ventilation and lighting  Good use of vernacular architecture  Good accommodation provided for the artisans and craftmen.  Provision of ramps for the specially abled people  Easily accessible

OPPORTUNITY  Create awareness about the traditional art and paintings from all over the India  New upcoming project at Pragati Maidan nearby

DEMONSTRATION AREA

ENTRANCE

MUSEUM DISPLAY

WEAKNESS  Located near the main arterial roads and major railway cause noise sometimes  Only one gate is functional for the entry/exit.

THREAT  Lies in seismic zone 4  The road level is higher, hence prone to overflowing of rainwater.

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INTRODUCTION Phoenix Mills was originally started in 1905 to manufacture cotton textiles in Bombay. The company, which has been listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange since 1959. Phoenix was one of the first mill companies to go in for redevelopment; the compound has been redeveloped and includes a luxury tower, hotel and shopping mall whereas the chimney is reminiscent of its past as a mil While existing structures have been retained due to government rules, they have been refurbished and additional structures have been built around them in phases.

1854 Mumbai transformed from trading to manufacturing centre. After the uprising of 1857 Historical events spurred the growth of the city, the consolidation of colonial the end of the Maratha war

WHY THIS CASE STUDY ?

This case study is carried to learn how the old mill is converted into a commercial hub and how an abandoned building can be revived and given a new life, how the old is blended with the new . This is the only mill in India which is converted and used on a big level .

DESIGN INFERENCE The massiveness of the structure is felt the minute one drives down the flyover with its chimney rising the remaining built form. Just as the flyover end, the node there shows the buzz this place has created with the amount of people and traffic powering in and out every day. High Street Phoenix has been organic in its evolution constructing one building after another as per the needs of the people using that place. Along with the experience of shopping etc, it creates a perfect ambience with its open and green spaces levels, seating areas.  Ifa city reflects the socio-cultural and economic aspiration of the people then a landmark in the city gives a physical form to that aspiration. But for cities like Mumbai, its social and cultural identity had always been an agglomeration of various traditions, cultures etc. The Mumbai never had its own origin but created an identity for itself at the juxtaposition of its diverse cultures.

When the diverse identity adapted itself to globalization it redefined people's aspirations and eventually their image of the city. This evolved shift in aspirations was reflected through the new built-form which formed Mumbai's new skyline.

High street phoenix today at the crossroads of Mumbai's growing aspirations and it evolved traditions. It not only redefines the interpretation of Mumbai's image but sets a new globalized culture making the place work successfully as a landmark.

DATA AT GLIMPSE

TIMELINE

1908 Workers on strike against the arrest of Lokmanya Tilak by the british.

1985 The new textile policy concurred with a sharp rise in the price of land and inversely a dip in mill profits. With mills being sold out for modernization, with the real estate prices soaring high, many mill owners wanted to sell their land leaving several mill workers unemployed.

To the office going commuters of the suburbs and the middle classes in general the mill area seemed like a blank spot on their mental map of the city. Hence with time and with people's ever growing wants and needs this place which portrayed Mumbai's cultural character.

LOCATION

Mumbai, India

Total floor Area

3,300,000 square meter

ARCHITECT

Andre Bilokur

Period of Design

1860 The depression

1942 The mill workers participated spontaneously in The Quit India Movement by Gandhi.

Before Independence Massive migrations of labour from the coastal belt of Western Maharashtra, mostly in the Konkan,

SITE High Street Phoenix, with the vast expanse of land it had, negated vertical growth and propagated structures and activities circulating around a common open space as compared to other malls. There the connection is vertical; each flooring serving spaces for shops and office spaces.

Behind these symbols of high-fashioned, global capital and entertainment, lay not only glaring illegalities and corruption, but a sign of things to come. As similar activities have started in other mills, a new culture and philosophy of development is displacing another, older way of life.

With the success of the mall culture it influenced even other mill owners to redevelop their mill lands into commercial or residential buildings.

CLIMATE

hot with high level of humidity

BROAD ACTIVITIES

a five-star hotel, a multiplex, commercial space and a residential tower

ADAPTIVE REUSE BUILT UP AREA OPEN TO SKY SPACES AREA UNDER CONSTRUCTION

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14 INTRODUCTION ORDERING PRINCIPLES

-ROOF -Roof maintained as such in certain areas and given architectural treat to preserve the past

CHALLENGES

- AXIS = Has entry of that three into the central open space obtained by the enclosure of the built form, Vertical axis gained by the vertical residential tower. Chimney dwarfised by the neighboring residential tower.

SYMETRY - Since it was an transformation from a mill to a mall, even though the arrangement of buildings are random, many symmetrical features can be visible in facades and other features.

- HIERARCHY = Hierarchy is lost in case of visual treat by chimney cause of the nearby tall residential apartment and other buildings Tried to maintain hierarchy in terms of color.

- PROPORTION = Proportionate spaces even though its an adaptive space.

This busy mill’s compound with malls, night clubs etc, having a traffic of a million visitors every month wanted to ensure security on the grounds more incidents that occurred. efficiently than with an expensive security guard service and also wanted to monitor the complex as well as the parking lots.

ADVANTAGE

ORGANISATION -SPACE WITHIN A SPACE - The courtyard which is formed by the built form tends to be the most active space. As it has many inward locking shops it tends to the active spot.

CIRCULATION APPROACH - Luxuriously treated approach, High security and does not offer intimate approach. Due to difference in scale of even though street wall is maintained.

- ENTRANCE - Curved concave edge of the high mall invites the customer into the grand entry.

-MOVEMENT -All movement converges into the central open space formed by the built form.

SCALE - HUMAN SCALE = Tends to be out of scale due to its height.

- VISUAL SCALE = In case of chimney not maintained, even though street wall contribute to the facade visual feel.

ANALYSIS OF CONSTITUENT PARTS - URBAN PLAZA = Four sides overlooking into the plaza, a very active space used both as parking space as well as platform for various festivals and other events. Presence of steps, restaurant cafes, shopping arenas the plaza makes it more active and vibrant -COLUMN = Many situations can see traces of cid iron column rods, trusses etc maintained as features without disturbing the visual treat of the place.

-STAGE - Courtyard tends to be the active place. The visit during season time revealed the wrong orientation courtyard. Cause the orientation it is to is not maintained.

- STAIR = Stair near the courtyard tends to be very activeand floor level offered by that stair offers a good visual treat to the people there.Certain Stairs are maintained as such an architectural element of past like the entry to the office Staff unit which was a conversion of old chawl (textile mill workers residential unit)

Transport

Establish important connector roads.

Widen capacity of the existing road and rail network.

Improved pedestrian movement.

Exclusive roads for buses to support heavy traffic of passengers travelling between buses and trains.

Urban Form

Indentify heritage structures on mill sites.

Preserve and recycle them as studios for artists, workplaces for fashion designers, computer software engineers etc Creation of a new center in the heart of the city, with its own distinctive character, vitality and ambience.

Establish key design guidelines regarding the urban Form.

Development of larger footprints for economical & energy-efficient construction.

Use of building facades to help define streetscapes.

Open Spaces

Open spaces of different sizes to allow variety of uses.

Principal roads widened and lined with trees to create leafy boulevards.

Pedestrian plazas in front of railway stations.

Covered shopping arcades alongside major roads.

Land for public open spaces could be used for other social facilities like schools, clinics or community centers depending upon the needs of the neighborhood.

Employment generation

Generation of semi-skilled employment similar to that provided by existing mills.

Development of new high-tech, non-polluting industries like computers and garment industry.

Large number of household jobs would be created with the development of high-end residential zones in place of former mills in private sector

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DESIGN PROPOSAL Half century ago Jaipuria Mill was autonomous organism producing textile, exposed brick structure and chimney still provides a strong identity to the site. Design proposes a way of transforming this place into a lively urban centre based on spatial quality of existing building and new proposed schemes in order to connect and accommodate community inside the mill -complex.

Provision of lighting through billboards as a new way to light up the public areas .

kids play area : An area planned for the kids to do their activities such as painting, sand boxes

Since colonies are unplanned and the grain is highly dense with hardly any community space and public park. Jogging track and yoga field for early morning activities

Art galleries to display the works and arts. Since some part of the site is in noise free zone, introduction of library for students is a good proposal.

Public gathering zone : a zone for the public gatherings and seating.

Since there is no provision of proper parking in the area, Hence the area has a need of proper parking area .

Provision of space to host events, concerts etc.

Hawker module to provide space to the hawkers surrounding the site .

A multipurpose area which can be used for different purposes such as flea markets and many more

Small scale industries and workshops to provide space for people already working.

This will bring more job opportunities to the people living nearby as the people living nearby depends on small scale for their living.

A main gathering space . This design will create platform not only for the small scale workers or cottage workers but also for the artisans and women(for women empowerment) .

The areas will be specifically designed to encourage visitors to spend time in this spaces. Specific to these areas are the trees and the importance they bring to the streetscape. In order for these public spaces to maintain their ease of access and beautiful appearance is to ensure that the trees remain healthy.

Making use of the existing structures . Adaptive reuse allows cities to take a second look at old spaces, especially those that are abandoned .

It is a key way to preserve historic spaces and reduce urban sprawl.

DESIGN ELEMENTS

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GRAPH REPRESENTING FOOTFALL IN THE AREA

MONDAY

AREA ANALYSIS

PRIVATE AREA

TUESDAY

WEDNESDAY

THURSDAY

PUBLIC AREA FRIDAY

LANDSCAPE

ARTIST AND CRAFTMEN RESIDENCE

50sq.mone d.u

WORKSHOPS

250sq.m

STORAGE FOR MATERIALS

100sq.m

DINING HALL

450sq.m

RESTAURANTS

200 sqm

FOOD COURTS

150 sqm

YOGA CENTRE

120 – 150 sqm

AMPHITHEATRE

300 person

MULTIPURPOSE HALL

200 sq.m

EXHIBITION HALL

100 – 150 sq.m

OPEN PLAZA

SATURDAY

SUNDAY

1000-1500 ON WEEK DAYS AND 1500 -2000 ON WEEEKENDS

LIBRARY

550 sq.m

SOUVENIER SHOPS

20 – 50 sq.m

AUDIO VISUAL ROOM

200 – 250 sq.m

ADMIN AREA

100sq.m

SEMINAR HALL

200 sq.m

PARKING

522 cars maximum ( if the GC fully achieved, according to ECS )

KITCHEN

200sq.m

STORAGE

200 sq.m

TOILETS

120sq.m

DIESEL GENERATOR

SERVICES AND FACILITY AREAS

HSD YARD RAINWATER HARVESTING PLANT ELECTRICAL PANEL SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT SECURITY ROOM

50 sqm

JANITOR ROOM

10 sqm

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Artist Residence is provided in the tranquil corner of site so that they can work peacefully. with provision of private entry and exit

Library is placed in the low noise zone with provision of group study areas single study areas, and private cubicles ; keeping in mind the need of the DU students nearby.

LIBRARY

Food court is placed in the area which is in front Of the emphasis of the complex ,so that the visitors Can enjoy the food as well as the ambience of the Complex. Also placed on the least noise zone so that the visitors can have their meal in peace

FOOD COURT RESIDENCE

(Since colonies are unplanned and the grain is highly dense with hardly any community space and public park. Jogging track and yoga field for early morning activities.)Hawkers zone ,children play area , ,jogging tracks, yoga area , etc,. provided near the entrance and segregated from the other activity areas.

Seminar halls are placed in the that part of the site which is segregated from the other areas so that no disturbance will be faced during the seminars .

SEMINAR HALLS GREEN AREA (FOR JOGGING , YOGA ,ETC)

MAIN GATHERING AREA

Main g area is the central most part of the complex which is the prominent part of the locus with main gathering or activity area. Connecting the other major areas.

Admin area is provided near to the entrance so that it can be easily accessed by the visitors.

Existing building contains the art gallery and exhibition hall

ADMIN AREA

EXISTING BUILDING EXHIBITION HALLS

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