Trader's Dispatch - April 2023

APRIL 2023

Vol. XXIV No. 3 P.O. Box 997 Conrad, MT 59425-0997

Phone 406-271-5533 Fax 406-271-5727 website: tradersdispatch.com E-MAIL: advertising @ tradersdispatch.com

Gardening and windbreak programs

Have your gardens and windbreaks struggled the last couple of years due to extreme weather events? Between fires, drought, and no rain for long periods of time in Western Nebraska, gardeners and producers are wondering how to keep windbreaks alive, and gardens producing. If you have questions, Nebraska Extension has a series of programs to help anyone learn how to cope with these extremes.

Join us for the “Gardening in Weather Extremes” and “Windbreaks for Livestock and Energy Savings” in Imperial and Grant coming up in April and May. Each program will be taught in a relaxed, roundtable format over coffee and conversation from 6:30 to 8:30 p.m. in each location.

David Lott, Horticulture Educator and Randy Saner, Livestock Educator from North Platte, will be teaching these programs with updates and recommendations for renovating and keeping windbreaks and gardens alive and productive now and in the future.

The general public is welcome and encouraged to also bring their questions. If someone has a question, other participants may have the same or similar question they would like answered. Here is list of the program’s dates and locations for each community.

CONTINUED ON PAGE A2

UPCOMING AUCTIONS

April, Musser Bros Auctions, Ag & Construction Equipment, Online... B4 & B5 Apr 5 - 19, Booker Auction Co., Warm Springs Ranch Retirement, Online........ .................................................................................................................... A4 Apr 7 - 20, Booker Auction Co., Royal Greens Produce Equipment Auction, Online......................................................................................................... A4 Apr 10 - May 14, Smith Sales Co., Spring Fever Machinery, Online.....A6 & A7 Apr 10 - 19, Gardner’s Auction Service, Farm Dispersal, Online................... A2 Apr 12 - May 3, Ascent Auction Services, Montana Statewide Spring Equipment, Online............................................................................................. A21 Apr 14 - 21, Resource Auction, Large Sugar Beet Equipment, Online........ A11 Apr 14 - 26, Booker Auction Co., Hogeye Ranch Inc. Equipment, Online...... A5 Apr 15, Weaver Auctions, Rex Tanner & Guest Consignor, Arlee MT............. A8 Apr 24 - May 2, Booker Auction Co., Blue Sky Management Onion Packing Line, Online................................................................................................. A5 Apr 22, Logan Auction Services, Inc., Eric Jorgensen Estate, Livingston MT... .................................................................................................................. A11 Apr 28 - 29, Shobe Auction & Realty, Sam Short Estate, Lewistown MT.... A13 May 1, Clark & Associates Land Broker, Finger Buttes Ranch, Belle Fourche, SD............................................................................................................. A15 May 3 - 24, Ascent Auction Service, Late Spring Belgrade MT Equipment & Vehicles, Online........................................................................................ A21 May 6, Fritz Auction, Lowell Skunberg Estate, Online................................. A17 May 6, Springhill Auctioneers, James “Jim” Midboe, Shelby MT............... A13 May 10, RK Statewide Auction, Prairie County Land, Circle MT.................... B6 May 20, Weaver Auctions, Annual Spring Consignment, Drummond MT... A10 May 20, Shobe Auction & Realty, Cabin Fever - Jim Woodburn Estate, Lewistown MT............................................................................................................. A18 May 20, Logan Auction Services, Inc., SG Miller Ranch Liquidation, Clyde Park MT............................................................................................................. A11 Upcoming, Big Mountain Auctions, Spring Farm & Consignment, Online...A26

MWBC board to meet

The Montana Wheat and Barley Committee Board will meet on Tuesday, April 11th, from 1:00pm to 7:00pm for the Research Review and Wednesday, April 12th, 2023, from 8:00am to 1:00pm for the board meeting.

You may participate in-person at MSU, 138 Animal Bioscience Building or virtually. Please email Tammy at tsuek@mt.gov to receive the Zoom information. Only the board meeting will be virtual.

The public is invited to participate at the Montana Wheat and Barley Committee board meetings. To view an agenda for the meeting and learn more about the committee, visit the department’s website at montanawbc.com.

For information to join the meeting virtually, please contact the Montana Wheat and Barley Committee at 406761-7732 or by email at wbc@mt.gov.

Conrad’s Utterback School held an ag day where students had to research how animals in agriculture are used as food, in everyday products etc. Some students did “wax museum presentations” on people inportant to the invention of agriculture machinery, fertilizer, etc.

First annual conference for small pork producers MSU Extension and Montana Pork Producers Council are hosting the first annual “Montana Small Pork Producer Conference” in Great Falls on Saturday, April 29 from 9:30 am to 3:30 pm at Montana ExpoPark’s Family Living Center in Great Falls.

The conference is an opportunity for pork producers, 4-H members, FFA members, and others to come together to learn about swine genetics, pork production, herd health, and pork recipes. Local chefs will prepare pork dishes for all attendees after a morning of learning and education.

The conference schedule is as follows: 9:30 a.m. Registration 10:00 a.m. Randy Shipley, Shipley Swine Genetics 11:30 a.m. Pork Lunch 12:30 p.m. Anna Forseth, DVM; National Pork Producers 1:30 p.m. Pork Processing Panel 2:30 p.m. Food Stations 3:30 p.m. Adjourn

PRODUCTION SALES

Apr 19, Milk River Angus, Chinook MT......................A9 Apr 28-29, Roundup Horse Sale, Roundup MT..........A8 Apr 29, Rimrock Cattle Co, Kevin MT.......................A32 May 4, Nelson Livestock Company, Glasgow MT....A10 May 11, Koenig Ranch Reds, Glasgow MT...............A19

Featured speakers are Randy Shipley and Anna Forseth, DVM, MS. Randy Shipley is the owner of Shipley Swine Genetics and Shipley Genetics Boar Studs in Ohio.

His farm has 150 sows and 60 head of boars. Randy sells 850 to 1000 bred gilts and 7,000 boxes of semen a year as well as ships semen from coast to coast. Randy started his business in 1968 and married his wife, Sandi, 7 years later. Sandi and Randy’s daughter with their son-in-law joined the business in 2008. Anna Forseth, DVM, MS is the Director of Animal Health with the National Pork Producers Council. She oversees foreign animal disease prevention and preparedness, antibiotic use and resistance, welfare issues, and other pre-harvest topics.

CONTINUED ON PAGE A2

PRIVATE TREATY

Anchor Polled Herefords, Vaughn MT............. A28 & C7 Brownell Polled Herefords, Conrad MT...................... A2 Browning Angus, Fallon MT..................................... A26 Clay Creek Angus, Greybull, WY............................... B12 Dallas Polled Herefords, Canyon Creek MT............. A28 Duncan Ranch Co, Joplin MT................................... A28 Freeman Ranch, Augusta MT................................... A13 K.L. Slagsvold Herefords, Lindsay MT...................... A28 Maloney Angus & Simmental, Turner MT................. A32 McMurry Cattle, Herefords, Billings MT................... A28 RGB Angus, Fort Benton, MT.................................... A16 Sleeping Willow Ranch, Irish Black & Irish Red, Stevensville MT............................................................ A2 Turner Angus, Shelby MT.......................................... B29 Wichman Herefords, Moore MT................................ A28

ADVERTISING DEADLINE FOR MAY ISSUE

Wednesday, April 26

Advertiser Index B1

Email: advertising@tradersdispatch.com

Recipe Patch A34

Website: www.tradersdispatch.com

Trader’s Dispatch April 2023 — Page A2

For Sale!

Registered Irish Black Bulls

Sleeping Willow Ranch ~ Stevensville, Montana Tim Hamilton at 406-360-4710 or email swrcattle@gmail.com

FADC Program funding

The Montana Department of Agriculture is now accepting applications for the Food and Agriculture Development Center (FADC) Grant Program. Approximately $1,100,000 in funds are available for the two-year period of this grant; MDA plans to award multiple grants from these funds. Activities must develop Montana’s food processing infrastructure, support emerging agriculture technologies, or enhance opportunities to expand Montana’s agricultural economy.

Please visit the Food and Agriculture Development Network page for a complete list of funding opportunity guidelines and eligibility requirements.

Spring cooking series

Join MSU Extension Yellowstone County for a spring cooking series and explore a different perspective on healthy eating each month. Heart Healthy Cooking on April 25; Cooking for 1 or 2 on May 31; and Main Course Salads on June 15.

Registration required, $15/class fee, space is limited.

For details and to register, visit montana.edu/extension/ yellowstone or contact MSU Extension Agent Sara Fluer at 406-256-2828.

First annual pork conference CONTINUED FROM FRONT PAGE

YEARLING POLLED HEREFORD BULLS • Low birth weights

• Fertility tested •Good muscled bulls Phone Dave at Brownell Herefords (406) 788-3242 or email dave.brownell1@gmail.com

Timed ONLINE ONLY

FARM EQUIPMENT DISPERSAL

AUCTION Bids will begin closing

A Montana native who grew up on the family’s farrow-tofinish swine operation, Forseth received a bachelor’s degree in animal science from MSU, her DVM from Colorado State University, and a master’s in veterinary preventive medicine from Iowa State University.

Registration, which includes lunch, is $40 per attendee and requested by April 19. To register and for more information, call MSU Extension in Cascade County at 406-454-6980 or email Rose Malisani, MSU Extension agriculture agent in Cascade County, at rose.malisani@montana.edu.

Gardening and windbreak CONTINUED FROM FRONT PAGE

April 17 - Windbreak Program, Chase County Extension 6:30-8:30 p.m., Mountain Time May 8 - Gardening Program, Perkins County Extension, 6:30-8:30 p.m. Mountain Time Please register through the https://go.unl.edu/perkinschase web link for one of more of these program locations.

Please RSVP for each program one week prior to each program date. A nominal fee is required to pay for educational material and coffee supplies.

If anyone has any questions about the gardening and windbreak programs, please send an email to dlott2@unl.edu, call the Extension Office in North Platte at (308) 532-2683, or call the Extension Office in Imperial at (308) 882-4731.

THE TRADER’S DISPATCH (USPS 019-793)

Wednesday, April 19th at 1:00 pm (MDT)

APRIL 2023 — Vol. XXIV No. 3

Proceeds from this auction will be donated to Friends of the Hamilton High School Foundation – Dale Kraft, owner

Published monthly by Trader’s Dispatch Inc., PO Box 997, Conrad, MT 59425-0997. Free on request to farmers, ranchers, heavy equipment owners and truckers in the Western United States.

Non-qualifying in-state annual subscription fee is $15.

Out-of-state nonqualifying U.S. annual subscription $25.

Periodicals Postage Paid at Conrad, MT and at additional mailing offices.

Case International 5140 diesel tractor with 3907 hours, 1997 Hesston 4655 inline baler, 1978 Trail Eze 24-ft. equipment trailer with tandem duals, beavertail and fold over rear deck for hauling hay, Brand New Kimbels V ditcher, full hydraulics, H&S Hay Machines II hay rake, John Deere 21-ft. hydra shank harrow, 1960 GMC truck turned backward with DuAl 3785 loader and Hay Handler hay head, 6”x24-ft. pto grain auger, 8”x44-ft. pto drive grain auger, slip auger tub.

Items can be viewed at 850 Oil Well Road, Corvallis, MT - Call for appointment

Online auction catalog can be reviewed at www.gardnersauction.com or www.gardnersauction.hibid.com – 5% Buyer’s Premium Sale conducted by

www.gardnersauction.com

(406) 251-2221

“Serving Montana Since 1960”

Missoula, MT

Deadline for May issue WEDNESDAY, April 26.

Postmaster: Send address changes to Trader’s Dispatch, PO Box 997, Conrad, MT 59425-0997 Jean Aaberg, production Geri Aaberg, circulation Kathy Peterson, ad layout Suzy Benzing, ad layout

Office Phone 406-271-5533 e-mail: advertising@tradersdispatch.com

FAX 406-271-5727

www.tradersdispatch.com

Notice: Advertisers purchase space and circulation only. All property rights to any advertisements produced for the advertiser by Trader’s Dispatch, using artwork or typography furnished or arranged by Trader’s Dispatch shall be the property of Trader’s Dispatch. No such ad or any part thereof may be reproduced or assigned without the consent of Trader’s Dispatch. If camera ready copy is submitted, a PDF is preferred with all fonts embedded. All black type must be 100% black and color must be CMYK. WE CANNOT GUARANTEE PRINTING QUALITY on any ads sent in RGB and/or built on non-standard publishing programs, i/e, Word or Power Point. If the format is incorrect we may need to rebuild your ad. We have graphic designers available to build your ad, simply send us ad copy along with any photos you wish to include. Photos should be high resolution sent as JPGs. No thumbnail photos please.

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page A3

* 430 HP CUMMINS * TIER 4 PERFORMANCE * ALLISON 4000 SERIES AUTO * MERITOR #33,000 AXLES * TWIN BAG REAR SUSPENSION * TANK SIZE: SS 1600, 2000, 2400 GAL * BOOM WIDTHS: 90-132’ * SPECIALTY ALUMINUM BOOMS * CHOICE OF CONTROLLERS * 50 MPH TRANSPORT SPEED

AG-TRK 3000 G FERIN F O NOW LON L A G 3000 NK TA

We Specialize In Providing Quality Application Equipment Our Equipment Provides:

Mobility • Capacity • Durability • Economics • Simplicity

2020 AG TRK 430 - 1200 HOURS 430 hp Cummins, Allison 4000 RDS Auto, 4WD, 2400 gallon tank, 132-ft. Millennium boom, Raven Viper 4 controller, Hawkeye, Ultra glide boom height, 710 Alliance tires. Great condition................................................... Call for pricing

2015 AG TRUCKS VECTOR 300 360 hp Cummins, Allison Auto, 4WD, 4000 hours, 2400 tank, 132-ft. Millennium Boom, Trimble controller, Raven Ultra glide boom height, Capstan Sharp Shooter PWM Nozzle Controller, 490 Alliance tires. Great condition.......... ................................................................. Call for pricing

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AMAZONE ZG-TS 10001 SPREADERS • 9 ton capacity (urea) • 120-ft. full overlap spread • on-line weigh system • radar monitored pattern • can divide pattern into 64 sections • onboard wind control system

• mounted or pull-type • minimal fertilizer damage • calculates and adjusts pattern

Call Today for More Information (406) 788-5361

SPECIALTY ALUMINUM BOOMS

WE ARE ALWAYS

REMEMBER: Ag Trucks is Your Montana Dealer for SPECIALTY ALUMINUM BOOMS

• High Strength Aluminum Alloys • Light and Durable Construction • Engineered Welds • Outer Boom Sections Hyd Breakaway • 100, 120, 132-ft. widths • SS Plumbing

BUILDING! Drop by the shop and see what goes into building the “MOST

Ag Trucks and Equipment is proud to announce that we are now a sales and service source for Weed It Precision Spot Spray Systems.

Realize huge application savings through the use of advanced spot spraying technology. Call for a quote today.

SPRAYERS” on the market today.

Great Falls, Montana Steve Raska • 406-788-5361

Garfield, Washington

Justin Honcoop • 509-338-7346

www.agtrucksandequipment.com

PRODUCTIVE

See us on Facebook and Instagram

Give Us a Call Today!

• Individual Nozzle Control • Control Pressure Independent of Rate or Speed • Row-to-Row Liquid Fertilizer Uniformity While Automatically Changing Orifice Sizes Based on Rate or Speed • No Need to Change Orifices for Anhydrous Ammonia Apps

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page A4

booker auction co.

WA Auctioneer 2144

WA Brokerage 8875 | A Documentary Service Fee in an amount up to $200 may be added to the sale price or capitalized cost of the vehicle

WWW.BOOKERAUCTION.COM

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page A5

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page A6

23rd Spring Fever Auction

Timed Online Machinery Auction Sunday May 14, 2023

Expecting 1000 Items, Lots start closing at 6 pm MST Multiple Locations: Billings, Rosebud, Colstrip & Miles City, MT

Miles City, MT Directions: From I-94 Take Exit 141 then go downhill one mile & look left. 406-234-7355 www.SmithSalesCo.com Unused Items: 3– sets 14 ft. decorative iron Cattle Related Items gates; 6– Unused 9-10 ft. tool boxes; 4– 1 cy Taskmaster electric squeeze chute Forklift hoppers; 250 Unused 28 inch Traffic 43 - 24 ft. Panels 2 1/2 pipe frame, 68 inches tall, cones; unused lifting chains; Electric winch; 13 - feet are 40 inches long. Top & bottom chains, 6 Unused Skid Steer attachments, buckets, mow- rows of sucker rod, 5 - Freestanding panels w/ 10 ers, grapple, snow removal, 72 inch Vibratory ft. gates; 3 -Freestanding panels w/ feed bunks, 5 roller etc.; 2 - 20 x 30 fabric buildings; more ex- - 48 inch x 100 ft. rolls of conveyor belting; 10 pected.

Cattle Gaurds & ends 4 - Shipping Containers: 40 ft. x 9’6 5 door one Large Selection: of Bridge timbers, Round Pole trip container; 12 ft. Container with 36 inch walk butts, Square Posts & more; Several older door; 9 ft. Container w/ 36 inch walk door; 8 ft. Squeeze Chutes; various panels & more. container with 36 inch walk door Heavy Equipment Near New Items: Honda 3000 watt generator; JD 350 Dozer w/ 6 way blade, nice dozer Ryobi Pressure washer; Trailer cart dolly; Dewalt John Deere 670B Motorgrader shows 6500 hours planer; various hand tools John Deere 724J Wheel loader, 12,000 hours Cars & Trucks John Deere 5010 Scraper 2019 Ford CC diesel. New transmission John Deere 490E Excavator, nice unit 2008 Ford CC F250 diesel, 8 ft. bed 2 - Case 580 Backhoes, both nice 2001 Ford Crew Cab Diesel. 7.3 EXTRA Sharp; John Deere 444E Wheel loader sb Genie 42 ft. manlift, details online 2006 Chevrolet 1/2 ton ex cab 4x4 Vermeer TC4a trench compactor 2009 Chevrolet Suburban, loaded 9+ ATV’s 2003 Chevrolet Duramax Reg cab pickup 3 - Polaris Rangers 2014; 2017 & 2018 models 1999 Chevrolet Suburban, clean body 1 - Suzuki 250 4 wheeler, 2- Arctic Cat 4 wheel2005 Chevrolet ext. cab 4x4 truck w/ 8 ft. bed, ers, 2 - Yamaha Rhino’s for parts, Kawasaki four clean wheeler, & more expected.

1951 Ford Short bed pickup Hundreds of Misc. Items: 1977 Chevrolet 3/4 ton 4x4 salvage 15 ft. Dump Truck Bed, Dump truck cylinder; 34 1980’s Ford 3/4 4x4 salvage inch JD tractor wheel weights; 4—16-18 ft. grain 2000 Mercury car, clean inside & out beds; Large assortment of tractor tires; Used & 1990 Ford 1/2 ton 4x4 w/ topper unused 22.5 truck tires; Dodge Truck wheels & 2002 Dodge 1/2 ton 4x4, 4 door tires; 5 lug Dodge chrome rims; 2 - 10—12 ft.

2004 Ford Contractors Van w/ shelving & racks Tractor blades; 2 - 3point backhoe attachments; 2004 Nissan 4x4 ext cab pickup, runs good Compund Bow’s; Black water line; Scaffolding; 6+ Salvage 1 1/2 ton trucks, IH, Chevrolet, Ford, Mud Carts; Tow Cables; Large Shackles; Bunks 1950’s—1970’s Some run, some need tlc of Lumber; 40 Interior Doors; Windows; Siding; 2009 Chevrolet HD2500 ext cab w/ flatbed metal siding; Check online for listing Dodge 4 Door 1/2 Ton 4x4 truck Firearms 2000’s Ford F450 Service Truck Winchester Model 94 32-40 caliber, John Wayne 1979 Ford F-150 Nice clean truck, two wheel Winchester Model 74 .22 rifle 1999 Oldsmobile Delta 88 4 door car, 3800 series Winchester Model 94 30-30 Wells Fargo 15+ Heavy Trucks, School Bus, Dump Trucks, Stevens 16. gauge Model 770 Grain Trucks, Flatbeds, etc.

Benelli 12 ga. Nova pump action 2009 School bus w/ 23 seats, runs great, 38 ft.

German 8MM Mauser 1974 Chevrolet S/A farm truck w/ 20 ft. bed, clean SK57 Rifle 1975 GMC T/A farm truck w/ air brakes, auto, 30-40 Crag Model 1898 U.S exceptional 22ft. Midland bed Benelli 12 gauge shotgun 1974 IH 1700 S/A w/ good hoist, gas engine Trailers Ford F650 S/A w/ flatbed, air comp, CAT engine 1 - GN 30 ft. Tandem Axle Dual wheel trailer w/ 1984 Chevrolet Dump Truck, T/A, Detroit, 11 ft near new axles and wiring, extended slope beaver dump bed, only 58,000 miles, former BLM truck 3 - T/A Semi Hay Trailers, some with racks 1999 Chevrolet 3500 HD w/ 8 x 14 ft. dump fb Misc. smaller Trailers, PU Bed trailers 1988 MCI bus from local college Grain Augers Kenworth Farm Truck, T/A 20 ft. multi function Westfield Model 10-61 bed, Cummins / Grain, Flatbed & Hay Rack bed Farm Implements 1981 IH S/A truck w/ BJM 16 ft. Mixer bed, every- Selling a wide variety of 3 point items including thing works, 3208 CAT, manual transmission brush hogs, back blades, sickle mowers, etc.

Volvo Feed Truck w/ Botec bed 12 Row 3 point cultivator Chevrolet Dump Truck John Deere 10 ft. disk Freightliner Semi w/ Hay trailer Krause 20 ft. heavy Disk 2006 GMC Box Truck w/ 6.0 gas 20 ft.

Krause 2158 38 ft. disk 1957 Kenworth Project Truck, good body 3 JD 8 ft. Drills 1991 Kenworth T/A Water Truck IH 14 ft. Drill More expected by sale date, watch website.

Headers 11+ Farm Tractors NH Header from Bi Directional tractor John Deere 8960, duals, 9800 hours John Deere 25 ft. flex header John Deere 8850 w/ V8, excellent tractor I - Joist & Laminated Beams John Deere 1530 w/ loader, Large selection of I - Joist and laminated beams, IH 1566 & H 1466 tractors 2-3 semi loads of various sizes see website.

McCormick Deering on Steel wheels Grapple, Feed Mixer & Seed Cleaner, Tender 3-5 Farmall M tractors coming Grabtec Loader bucket grapple 5 tines, near new Allis Chalmers D14 w/ loader Double RR single axle feed mixer w. auger, scale IH 460 Utility w/ backhoe one owner since new Kwik Kleen Grain Cleaner cart looks unused Round & Square Balers Convey All Seed Tender two compartments, clean 2 - John Deere 560m round balers, w/ monitors Military Hydraulic Power Trailer John Deere 569 Round baler Diesel powered, comes with Jack, Chainsaw, 2 Old Massy Square balers Water pump, Generator, etc. will run any hydraulic Hesston 856a round baler tool less than 40 hours on it.

NH 688 round baler, very straight RV Items / Motorhome: 2000 DayBreak 34 ft.

Swathers & Mower Conditioners motorhome w/ Chevrolet chassis, only 30,000 Case IH DCX 161, seller has maintained it and it miles, taken on 5,000 mile trip last year around is field ready the USA; 2022 Demco car dolly w/ 5,000 miles Vermeer TM1410, all new knives, ready to cut, Dump Truck Bed Hesston 6550 Swather 14 ft. header 15 ft. Steel Dump gravel bed, good shape Sprayer’s **Friendly Reminder Call with specific questions RoGator 544 Crop sprayer, Shows 2554 hours, or ask online. We go out of our way to return eve4B Cummins diesel, runs excellent ry call & email Remember to leave your phone NH / New Holland SF115 90 ft. sprayer, pull number when you call. ** type, 1,500 gallon tank Antiques: Cast iron; old wagon wheels, Old **Inspection Dates** wagon parts etc. expect a few more items.

7 Days prior to the Auction Date Truck, Semi Truck, & Implement Tires / Rims From 8 am - 4pm daily.

We have a large selection 80-100 of tractor, Im1108 US Hwy 12, Miles City, MT plement, Swather, Semi truck & Pickup tires. All I-94 to Exit 141 downhill one mile sizes online.

Some items offsite, see each listing.

7 - Windmills 6 - 10 ft. Areomoter windmills in good working order and condition 1 - 8 ft. windmill in good work- Auctioneers Note: Fantastic selection this ing order, other windmill heads for parts year, everything is selling, Consignments from Porta Pots Estates, Individuals & Government agencies.

2 Clean Potra potties, one on small trailer Check back often, this list printed 48 days out.

Over 1,000 Items Expected by sale date!

Watch website for updates. Thanks, Matt Smith

John Deere 8960

Please Note: We will have a few “On the Ranch Items” around Miles City. We will also have offsite items in Billings, Colstrip & Rosebud, MT Each listing will be marked if selling offsite.

406-234-7355

www.SmithsalesCo.com

Expect Many More Items, this flyer Printed 48 days from Sale date. Bid Online at www.SmithSalesCo.com

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page A7

23rd Spring Fever Auction ** Sunday May 14, 2023 6 pm

Timed Online Auction Some Items located offsite. www.SmithSalesCo.com

2001 Ford 7.3 Diesel Clean

Selling 3 Semi loads of IJoist and Large Selection of Laminated beams

7% BP “Everything sold as is where is” Phone: 406-234-7355 Video’s & 1000’s of Pictures at www.SmithSalesCo.com

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page A8

Registration opens for 2023 Nebraska Ranch Practicum

EARLY SPRING SPECIALS TREATED HALF ROUNDS

TRUCKLOAD PRICING

Call for truckload pricing on full semis of wood posts

HUGE SELECTION

WOOD POSTS

4” x 10 ½’ 4” x 12 ½’ 4” x 17’

4 ½” x 10 ½’ 4 ½” x 12 ½’ 4 ½” x 16’ 4 ½” x 16 ½’

3 - 4”x7’ Driver.............$7.25 4 - 5”x 7’ Driver..........$11.00 4 - 5”x 8’ Driver..........$14.11 Call Montana Fence for a FREE ESTIMATE 5 - 6”x7’ Driver...........$14.50 6 - 7”x 8’ Blunts .........$20.00 on all styles of agricultural fencing MANY MORE SIZES AVAILABLE Prices for Stock On Hand through 5.7.23

BOZEMAN BILLINGS GREAT FALLS KALISPELL (406) 924-4802 (406) 259-6511 (406) 727-3661 (406) 755-7650 NOW SER VING White Sulphur Springs

WWW.MONTANAFENCE.COM

TRACTORS & EQUIPMENT  ‘96 Cat 320 Excavator  Furukawa FL150ͲI Loader  ‘72 Ford 8000 Dump Truck, 15k hrs on new 1160 Cat motor & transmission, 8 speed trans  JD 410 Backhoe, 4925hrs  Gehl Skidsteer Backhoe attachment  3pt. 8’ chisel plow  Grain augers  Fairbanks scales  HiͲHog Reversible calf table  Calf puller

APRIL 15TH @ 10AM Arlee Pow Wow/Rodeo Grounds, Pow Wow Rd

VEHICLES & UTVs

Concessions on Site www.weaverauctions24.com

 ‘17 Logan Riot 2 horse BP trailer, w/custom living quarters— A LOT of extras and very nice!  ‘00 Town & Country Van  ‘90 Chevy Suburban  ‘00 Kawasaki side x side  ‘70s Chevy C50 Fuel Truck  ‘80s Honda Foreman ES

TOOLS & SHOP

 LeRol 125 Air Compressor  Concrete mixer  Concrete wall braces  Scaffolding  Fuel tank w/stands  Parts washer  House jacks, several  Water pump  Rakes, shovels, pitchforks  Hammers, wrenches  Pipe wrenches, Rigid pipe cutters  Ladders, drills, saws  Buzz saw, Table saw  Air nailer, draw knives  Battery charger, jumper cables  Paint sprayer  Tile cutter, hand planes  Log chains and binders

MISC. ITEMS  Parlor stove  Knipco blast furnace  Cream separator and cans  Variety household items  Misc. tin  ED+ brand, RR on cattle TERMS OF SALE: CASH, CHECKS, OR CREDIT CARD (CC 3.5% FEE) ACCEPTED. PHOTO ID REQUIRED FOR BIDDER REGISTRATION. ALL ITEMS ARE SOLD AS IS/WHERE IS, NO WARRANTY OR GUARANTEE IMPLIED OR EXPRESSED BY CONSIGNOR OR AUCTIONEER. NO ITEMS WILL BE REMOVED UNTIL PAID FOR. SALE DAY ANNOUNCEMENTS TAKE PRECEDENCE OVER PRINT. ITEMS TO BE REMOVED FROM SITE WITHIN 3 DAYS UNLESS OTHERWISE ARRANGED. NOT RESPONSIBLE FOR ACCIDENTS OR THEFT.

CASEY & AMANDA WEAVER

(406) 544-8696 OR 540-2919 weaverauctions24@gmail.com

By Troy Walz, Nebraska Extension Educator Ranchers interested in learning about the latest cuttingedge research in range livestock production from the University of Nebraska–Lincoln are encouraged to register for the 2023 Nebraska Ranch Practicum offered by Nebraska Extension.

The practicum will be held during eight sessions over the course of three seasons in order to cover the production cycle of livestock and forage resources. Participants will have the opportunity to learn about a variety of topics, including the effective use of decision support tools to evaluate management and marketing alternatives, plant identification, range condition and grazing strategies, wildlife management, evaluation of cow body condition scores, and beef cattle production systems.

The practicum will be held June 6 and 7, July 6, September 6 and 7, and November 2, 2023; and January 9 and 10, 2024.

Classroom activities will open and close the practicum in North Platte with the remainder of the classes conducted at the University of Nebraska’s Gudmundsen Sandhills Laboratory, a working ranch with education and research facilities, near Whitman.

The practicum can count for college or continuing education credit.

The registration fee is $675. The fee for a spouse is an additional $350. Registration covers educational materials, noon meals and breaks. Participants are responsible for travel and lodging expenses. The practicum can count for college or continuing education credit.

To register, submit a completed application and registration fee by May 3. Applications will not be accepted after that date. Enrollment is limited to 35 participants. Applicants will be notified of their status no later than May 19. Refunds will be issued if space is not available.

To learn more or register, visit https://nebraskaranchpracticum.unl.edu/ or contact Troy Walz at 308-872-6831 or troy.walz@unl.edu.

No change in Dicamba cutoff date in Nebraska

By Amit Jhala Extension Weed Management Specialist Dicamba-resistant soybean, also known as Roundup Ready 2 Xtend soybean, or XtendFlex soybean are grown in Nebraska. Three dicamba-based herbicides — Engenia, Tavium, and XtendiMax — are labeled for application in Roundup Ready 2 Xtend and XtendFlex soybean. XtendiMax can be applied pre-plant, pre-emergence or post-emergence until R1 (beginning of flowering) soybean growth stage or June 30, whichever comes first. In-crop application of Tavium can be made over-the-top of dicamba-resistant soybeans through V4 growth stage or up to and including June 30, whichever comes first.

A recent change in dicamba cut-off date by United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) in a few states created questions among soybean growers in Nebraska about cutoff date of dicamba in Nebraska for 2023 growing season.

As per the new label, cutoff date for over-the-top dicamba application in Illinois, Iowa and Indiana will be June 12 or the V4 soybean growth stage, whichever comes first. The label sets the new application cutoff date for South Dakota is on June 20, rather than the previous cutoff of June 30.

“At this late date, Nebraska producers have already made their 2023 planting decisions and have likely purchased seed and pesticide products to implement their plans,” Nebraska Department of Agriculture Director Sherry Vinton said. “The proposed early cutoff date of June 12 for dicamba use would negatively impact this growing season for many farmers in Nebraska. We appreciate the U.S. EPA retaining the June 30 cutoff date for this year in Nebraska.”

Therefore, there is no change for applying these three dicamba products in soybean and the cutoff date of June 30 will continue for the 2023 growing season in Nebraska.

Note that dicamba products (Engenia, Tavium and XtendiMax) are Restricted Use Pesticides — for use only by certified applicators. Dicamba spray application training is required before applying these products. Here are the links for online training: Engenia: https://www.engeniaherbicide.com/training.html Tavium: https://www.syngenta-us.com/herbicides/tavium-application-stewardship XtendiMax: https://www.roundupreadyxtend.com/ stewardship/pages/default.aspx

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page A9

Sheep workshop scheduled for April 15

SUSPENDED BOOM SPRAYER FOR SALE

Flexi-Coil 67XL suspended boom sprayer, 1500 gallon tank, 90-ft. boom, Raven rate controller........................................................................................ $20,000 obo Phone (406) 432-2613 or (406) 231-6163, Galata, Montana

North Dakota State University Extension will host a spring workshop for sheep producers on April 15 at Carrington, North Dakota. Topics include lamb nutrition, flock health and producer-to-consumer marketing Youth with an interest in sheep production also are invited to attend.

“We are excited to provide interactive discussions of sheep production-related topics,” says Travis Hoffman, NDSU and University of Minnesota Extension sheep specialist. “A wide variety of topics will assist sheep enthusiasts with their operations for 2023.

The morning sessions will begin at 11 a.m. CDT at the NDSU Carrington Research Extension Center, which is located at 663 US-281, three and a half miles north of Carrington.

In the afternoon, the program will transition to a tour with interactive discussion at the Jared Higgins farm, 1321 62nd Ave SE, Woodworth, North Dakota.

“A highlight of our sheep workshop is doing an on-farm visit,” says Karl Hoppe, NDSU Extension livestock systems specialist. “Gathering ideas, seeing other facilities and visiting with other sheep producers on production concerns is always informative.

Presenters include Hoffman, Hoppe, Higgins and Dr. Gerald Stokka, NDSU Extension veterinarian and livestock stewardship specialist.

The workshop is free, but pre-registration is required.

For more information or to register, visit ndsu.ag/sheepworkshop.

RPH Irrigation Services Limited

The Great Steppe

PO Box 1201, 4056 HWY 89 Choteau, MT 59422 • PH: 406-466-2242 • FAX: 406-466-5242 Jordan Ratliff, Manager/Sales 406-799-4746

A steppe is a grassy plain that can be flat or hilly. The Great Steppe in Europe and Asia is a vast expanse bordered by the Black Sea that extends over Russia, eastern Europe, and former Soviet republics Turkmenistan and Kazakhstan.

Historically, it was home to nomadic tribes and conquering hordes on horseback.

Service & Parts for All Makes, Models & Brands

th

27 Annual Sale

April 19, 2023 at 1:00 PM Bear Paw Livestock, Chinook, Montana Lunch - 11:30

NF REMARKABLE GE53 K9126 - LOT 5

R44 DO IT ALL 2858 - LOT 14

The Best of Their Herds!

CED

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• C Bar Angus - Malta, MT 406-301-0887 • Bryan Pike - Cleveland, MT 406-788-5952 +10 -1.1 +49 +84 +26 • 4 Butte Cattle Co. - Cleveland, MT 406-357-2994 • Simenson Cattle - Chinook, MT 406-399-4075 C BAR BENCHMARK 2137 - LOT 35 • North Fork Angus - Chinook, MT 406-357-2410 CED

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Sire Groups

• ELLINGSON THREE RIVERS 8062 • MILL BRUE BENCHMARK 9016 • REDLAND TRENDSETTER • SQUARE B TRUE NORTH 8052 • IDEAL 5609 • R44 EMULATION • SCORE BRUISER 808 • IDEAL 4223 • OCC JET STREAM • KR CADILLAC RANCH • IDEAL RENOWN 7122 • MOHEN BANDOLIER • KR SYNERGY • REDLAND DO IT ALL 249 • OX BOW RESUME 4325

ls l u B r o f rce u o S r u o Y in e L i H e h On T www.milkriverangus.com

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page A10

Say you saw it in the Trader’s Dispatch

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Red & Black Simmental & Sim/Angus

BULL SALE May 4th • Glasgow Stockyards

Lunch starts at noon • Sale starts at 1 p.m.

25 Head Solid Head Solid Red 50 Black Head• 25 Black 15 Head Solid Red Composite

YEARLING BULLS

Thick – Meaty – Moderate Framed – Easy Calving A. I. Sires Represented

Red Sires Black Sires Copperhead Sitz Stellar 9 Mile Linebacker Pay Dirt Luxury Capitalist Decree Miner Allegiance Docs Remedy This herd has produced the top rate-of-gain steer 10 of the last 15 years at the NE Montana Fair.

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Nelson Ranch

Don Nelson

(406) 367-5261 • cell 263-5261 173F Nelson Rd. • Glasgow, MT 59230

Mrs. Floyd Nelson, Jr.

(406) 228-2024 PO Box 254 • Glasgow, MT 59230

Promising applications for drones/UAVs to improve Idaho crop production

By Eva Nambi and Olga S. Walsh, University of Idaho With the challenge of the growing population, rural poverty, and natural resource management, public awareness about sustainable practices in food production has become prominent. It is also estimated that we will need to increase global food production by 60-100% to cope with this growing population. This calls for updating current agricultural practices to double the world’s food production which would require clearing of approximately one billion hectares of land including rainforests and savannas. It is therefore evident that clearing more land is not the best solution to increase food 3D Robotics 8X+ octocopter equipped with Micaproduction, but precision agriculture may Sense Red Edge™ 3 Multispectral Camera. be more promising.

This is beneficial in terms of covering Precision agriculture is a farming manmore area at lower costs as well as reducagement strategy based on observing, tion on the adverse effects some chemicals measuring and responding to temporal and could cause to the environment as drones spatial variability to improve agricultural are more efficient. production sustainability. Precision Agri3. Gathering data for precision agriculture is one of the most extensive markets culture. for the UAVs. These have become increasThis involves mapping out the field to ingly widespread in recent years for various generate crop Health Maps to generate variagricultural applications. UAVs are remote able rate prescriptions and quantify the bensensing systems which enable to capture efit of your services pre- and post-treatment crop reflectance in the VIS-NIR region of applications. This helps the producer in spectrum to access crop development and terms of minimizing costs by focusing on assess N concentration. High spatial and only the infected areas. Also, Producers may temporal resolution images acquired with use field maps to see the geography of their UAVs are valuable for many agri-culturefield prior to any field operations. Under this related purposes. Mounted on the UAVs, category also there two types of maps that sensors and cameras enable time-efficient may be created including, red green and examination of large fields to evaluate crop blue maps and NDVI maps. parameters contributing to yield and qual4. Irrigation. ity in various growing environments. The This is very beneficial before and after UAVS are greatly advantageous in terms planting to track irrigation. After planting of low cost, high flexibility for flight planhas been done, spectral or thermal imaging ning and data acquisition scheduling, and from above can be used to tell which plant operation below cloud cover making them received water and which one did not. This a useful tool to study crop biophysical paway you are able to look out for such spots rameters. This is mainly because vegetation for better management. Idaho being a semireflects certain types of light depending on arid agricultural system where irrigation its nutritional and health status (Nambi et is almost inevitable, using UAVs to scout al., 2022). In this article we summarize the large fields could benefit farmers other than different aspects in which drones can be spending hours walking around to identify beneficial to Idaho farmers. dry spots.

1. Scouting farms 5. Insurance and Yield Estimates: UAVs can be used to scout large fields of Agriculture insurance protects producers crops to scout out where crops are too wet, if they experience any losses or damage in too dry, too diseased or too infested with their crops or livestock. In a situation where pests. In addition, farmers may also use a field experiences drought, floods, unseadrones for taking stand counts and measure sonable frosts, or other natural disasters, it plant height. In other words, drones allow can be difficult to demonstrate your losses you to identify issues in the field before setquickly and accurately. Data from UAVs ting foot in the field. This way you’re able documenting the pre- and post-disaster stato quantify and tag issues in an automatic tus of your crops and livestock, as well as report, then monitor the effect of treatment an informed prediction of the reduction in plans over the course of the season. In adestimated yields, can help you quickly and dition, drones have the ability to detect the smoothly navigate insurance procedures. different types of light reflected by crops alIdaho being a dryland especially in the sumlowing farmers to identify specific nutrient mer months where wildfires are rampant, deficiencies and even detect diseases before this technology could be very beneficial. they become severe enough to be visible to 6. Crop health assessment the naked eye (Nambi et al., 2022).

Drones, if equipped with a multispectral 2. Applying chemicals camera, can create Vegetation Index (VI) Drones can also be used to apply hermaps to reveal critical information about bicides, pesticides, fertilizers and even your crops. One common VI, Normalized seeds. This comes after the field has been Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) can surveyed so that farmers could use that data show which plants are healthy, and which to narrow the areas that need treatment. If plants are not. NDVI is calculated based a plot of farmland is infested with weeds, on the amount of near-infrared (NIR) light for example, a farmer could spray a small reflected from the leaves of your crops. amount of herbicide just in that area, instead Healthy leaves reflect more NIR light, while of an entire field, to kill them. Farmers hope sickly, stressed, or dehydrated leaves absorb that they eventually could use drones to do more NIR light. A NDVI map captured and the spraying. generated by a drone, depending on its resoKevin Price of the Iowa-based drone lution, can show you which parts of your company RoboFlight Systems says that kind fields, which plants, or even which parts of of precision would put farmers at a huge individual plants need your attention. advantage, helping them reduce the costs of chemicals and their application.

Spring Horse Management webinar series

Horse owners and stable managers will have the opportunity to learn management strategies and ask questions during a webinar series that North Dakota State University Extension is hosting at noon CDT on April 12, 19, 26 and May 3.

Topics will include grazing considerations for spring and early summer, fencing for horses, considerations for traveling with your horse, and arena and barn footing management.

“Management of your grazing resources early in the year can help you extend the grazing season while making sure your horse is getting the best nutrition at appropriate times,” says Rachel Wald, NDSU Extension’s agriculture and natural resources agent in McHenry County. “Some of the best practices include resting pastures and allowing for regrowth between grazing events and to have a plan before turnout to allow for adequate rest on grazed acres.”

“Learning about various fencing strategies for horses can help us be effective and efficient with managing feed resources,” says Mary Keena, Extension livestock environmental management specialist at NDSU’s Carrington Research Extension Center. “Fencing strategies can also help with manure and parasite management.”

“As summer rolls around, horse owners are more frequently hauling their horse to events across the state and nation,” says Paige Brummund, NDSU Extension’s agriculture and natural resources agent in Ward County. “All horse owners should know the best management practices for traveling with their horse. Additionally, managing the footing materials and surfaces of riding areas and horse housing facilities is important. Ensuring good drainage, the proper amount of cushion and grip are all key factors in selecting footing materials.”

The webinar presenters are NDSU Extension specialists and agents.

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page A11

IRRIGATION BUSINESS FOR SALE • Service Truck • Complete Inventory Call 208-756-4414, Salmon, ID

Saturday, April 22, 2023 Livingston, Montana

Kawasaki Vulcan 1600 Classic Yamaha Grizzly 700 4-wheeler CF Moto side-by-side MicroLux True-Inch metal lathe Dirty Hand Tool log splitter Collectible money Firearms Vintage furniture

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Clyde Park, Montana John Deere 4450 tractor Case 4490 4x4 tractor Massey-Ferguson/Hesston 1839 inline baler New Holland 1049 Super bale wagon John Deere 9350 grain drills 2017 Titan 20-ft. gooseneck stock trailer Thorson Clinic Model chute New Holland 1100 swather Fringe Top 2-seat surrey Saddles Tack Harness

For more info & pictures, visit our website at loganauction.com

Pigs

Pigs, a common farm animal, are thought to be the 4th most intelligent animal, after chimps, dolphins, and elephants. A group of pigs is called a sounder. Pigs can also run 11 miles per hour, which is faster than a 6-minute mile.

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Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page A12

We have

Hazardous occupations safety courses for teens across Nebraska

USED HAYING

American Hay Master 500 series stack wagon with hay basket.................$7500 New Holland 1032 bale wagon..........$4500 John Deere 1380 pull-type swather...$2500 Hesston 1014 swather.......................$1500 Ford 14-92 sickle mower......................$600 3-wheel hay rake................................$1000

MISCELLANEOUS wood splitters,

Front Dozer Blade with manual adjust. Fits various models.............................$2500 Oliver/White loader fits 1650/1655....$1250 Wagner loader for Ford 8N, 9N, and NAA. With front pump & mounts...........$1500 Shaver HD8 front mount post driver............ .....................................................$1295 Running gears. Each............................$600 Dixon 50” zero turn mower.................$2500

Hardee Implements chippers and

KIOTI TRACTORS Kioti DK5320SEHC tractor with KL5521 loader, 53 hp, Hst transmission, cab, air conditioning, heat, 3-pt., 4WD, 540 PTO....................................... 2 in stock Kioti K9 2440, side by side, 2 rows, seats 5, 22 hp diesel engine, MacPherson struts, steel dump box......................1 In Stock Kioti DK4510 tractor with KL5520 loader, manual transmission, 4WD, 3-pt, PTO... ..............................................3 In Stock Kioti CS2210H tractor with SL2410 loader, SM2454 mower.....................1 in Stock Kioti CK352OH tractor with KL4030 loader, Hst transmission, 35 hp, 3-pt., 4WD...... ..............................................1 in Stock

USED TRACTORS Zetor M60HCT with loader and backhoe, 4WD, HST transmission, PTO, 1235 hours.........................................$40,000

Panther 48” mower............................$1335 166 rotary mower................................$1950 172 rotary mower................................$2800 1072 rotary mower with slip clutch.....$3800 72” finish mower.................................$3300

Ford 2000 Select-o-Speed.........For Parts

NEW SPEECO POST HOLE AUGERS

6-ft. snow blower with QA skid steer mount.

PARTS UNITS

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log grapples available.

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IN STOCK

Rear mounted tillers, 42”....................$2444 Back blade, 72”.....................................$725

CONSIGNED John Deere 6600 combine, gas, pickup header..........................................$2000 Massey-Ferguson 510 combine, Perkins diesel............................................$3250 Ford 600 tractor with loader, good tires. Runs great.............................................$4500 Hesston 1014 12-ft. swather..NEEDS WORK New Holland 855 round baler............$3850 New Holland 1033 balewagon........... CALL

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New Legend SSQA pallet forks......... $1125 Legend 10 pack bale accumulator, SSQA... .....................................................$4925 Legend Compact 72” grapple...........$2500

Standard Duty & Heavy Duty 9” & 12” Augers

In Stock $6250

NEW Eagle Attachments New Eagle 560HD..................$1050 New Eagle 566HD..................$1210 New Eagle 672HD..................$1320 New Eagle 784 HD.................$1415 New Eagle 7-ft. 3 point rear blade.... ...........................................$1225 New Eagle 8-ft. 3 point rear blade.... ...........................................$1300

Helfert’s Helena Farm Supply Phone (406) 227-6821

East Helena, Montana

Serving HELENA and surrounding areas over 70 YEARS!

Come visit us at www.helenafarmsupply.com

Nebraska Extension and Central States Center for Agricultural Safety and Health at the University of Nebraska Medical Center, College of Public Health, have announced dates for the annual “tractor safety” training courses scheduled at sites across Nebraska in early June. Students will complete the first day of the course by attending online training through the eXtension Foundation Campus website.

The required driving test will be offered on June 1 in Gering and June 5 in Gordon.

Federal law prohibits children under 16 years of age from using certain equipment on a farm unless their parents or legal guardians own the farm. However, certification received through the course grants an exemption to the law allowing 14- and 15-year-olds to drive a tractor and to do field work with certain mechanized equipment.

Teens 14 or 15 years of age who work on farms, or others who are interested in learning about safe farming practices, are encouraged to register for the certification course. Students under age 14 are not eligible for certification. Children under 14 years of age must be accompanied by an adult.

The online course will cover the required elements of the National Safe Tractor and Machinery Operation Program, including quizzes that students must pass to attend the driving portion of training. Once registered, students will be sent instructions, materials, course paperwork, and a link to the online course.

The onsite driving training and exam will include a driving test, equipment operation, and ATV safety lessons.

Students must demonstrate competence in hitching and unhitching equipment and driving a tractor and trailer through a standardized course. Instructors will also offer education about safe behaviors and laws for ATVs, utility-task vehicles (UTVs), and other off-road vehicles (ORVs).

The course costs $35 and includes educational materials, the online learning link, and supplies. Payment will be made at the time of the driving exam. Only checks and cash can be accepted.

Tractor Driving Days • June 1 – Legacy of the Plains Museum, 2930 Old Oregon Trail in Gering Contacts: John Thomas at jthomas2@unl. edu or Stacy Brown at sbrown7@unl.edu, 308-632-1480 • June 5 – Gordon Fairgrounds, 613 E. 3rd Street, Gordon Contacts: Marie Nelson at mnelson82@unl.edu 308-3272312 or John Thomas at jthomas2@unl.edu To register visit, go.unl.edu/2023tractorsafety

2023 Spring and summer grazing

By Jerry Volesky, UNL After a long winter of feeding hay, livestock producers are anxious for spring and the start of grass growth in their pastures. Last year’s drought conditions across the state left most pastures heavily used and short. A good sign is that longer-term precipitation forecasts for this spring are looking a little more optimistic. Now is the time to have a plan in place for you spring and summer grazing.

It is known that the combination of drought and heavy grazing from last year can lead to reduced pasture production this year, even if we get near normal rainfall. Because of this, some reduction in stocking rate may be necessary.

Another management recommendation that can be difficult to implement is to delay turnout this spring. This will allow those grasses to accumulate some growth and help in the recovery process. This has also been shown to result in more total forage production from those pastures. Another management tip for native pastures that were grazed first and into July in the 2022 season; is to defer grazing of those pastures until later in the summer.

On native pastures, dominated by warm-season grasses, flash grazing, or quickly rotating through a number of pastures in spring is also a method of capitalizing on early coolseason grass and weed growth. Remember that this must be for a short period of time and does not alter the suggestion of delaying turnout to your primary summer pastures.

Producers might also consider seeded annual forages as another option that can be used to supplement any grazing needs. Planning ahead can help make your forage season run smoothly.

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page A13

Minerals for beef cows

QUALITY BLACK ANGUS BULLS FOR SALE

Penn State Extension The most important source of minerals cattle. The most important issues for minfor beef cows comes from the pasture and eral nutrition for grazing cattle are the need forages they are grazing since these feeds for additional sodium in many locations. contribute the highest percentage of the The lack of selenium in many soils in the diet. These feeds are, in fact, good sources Northeast, and the reduction of magnesium of most of the required minerals. The values in lush, fast-growing pastures in early spring in Table 1 are the requirements (NRC, 1986) may require additional supplementation of most major minerals for beef cows. of these necessary nutrients. Many times The results of Table 2 indicate the pasture trace-mineralized salt blocks are an insuftested would be a suitable source for both ficient source of the necessary minerals CONTINUED ON PAGE A14 calcium and phosphorus for most classes of other than salt.

Fertility tested and ready to go Freeman Ranch Contact Dan Freeman (406) 799-2757

Sam Short EStatE auction & Sat., April 28 & 29, 2023 Western Gear Al Furstnow FriFri. @ High Noon & Sat @ 10 a.m. G Fairgrounds, Lewistown, MT Western Art All “marked” of Al Furstnow Miles City, MT.

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Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page A14

Our Advertising Deadline for the May 2023 issue of the Trader's Dispatch will be April 26th. Phone us at (406) 271-5533.

Wagyu/Akaushi BULLS FOR SALE

Yearling, 2-year old and 3-year olds Phone (406) 860-7085, Broadus, MT

Scott Schmiedeke (406) 240-2572 Victor, MT

Henry Kallis (605) 639-1904 Spearfish, SD

See us on the web: www.tte-inc.com

2015 Kubota SVL90-2 track, 2850+- hours, enclosed cab with heat & AC, AM/FM radio, hydraulic coupler, auxiliary hydraulics, 84” bucket, 92 hp, 11,300 operating weight, has been through the shop all repairs have been done, just serviced, excellent condition.

Located in Victor, MT.........$58,900 2015 Case 621F, 5125 hours, EROPS with heat and AC, ride control, reversing fan, JRB hydraulic coupler, 3CY bucket, very nice radial tires, has been through our shop, just serviced, the loader is in excellent condition. Located in Spearfish, SD........................................................................... $109,900 1998 Cat TH183, enclosed cab with heat, unknown hours, 3-way steering, frame tilt, hydraulic fork lift, joy stick controls, nice air filled tires, 48” forks, 48” carriage, 8000 lb. lift, 42-ft. reach, serviced and jos site ready. Located in Spearfish, SD..................................... $44,900 2005 Bobcat S300 skid steer, 3130 hours, enclosed cab with heat and AC, hand/food controls, 2 speed travel, auxiliary electrics, manual coupler, nice tires, 81 hp, 3000 lb. operating lift, 6000 lb. tip load, nice condition, just serviced.

Located in Spearfish, SD...$32,900 2013 Case 621F, 4655 hours, enclosed cab with heat and AC, ride control, reversing fan, JRB hydraulic coupler, auxiliary hydraulics, 3 CY bucket, very nice radial tires, has been through our shop, all repairs have been done, just serviced, the loader is in excellent condition and job site ready. Located in Spearfish, SD............ $109,900 2008 Cat 924H, 9840 hours, enclosed cab with heat and AC, cloth air ride seat, auxiliary hydraulics, hydraulic quick coupler, 3 CY bucket, pallet forks, this loader is in excellent condition, serviced and job site ready. Located in Spearfish, SD........................................................................................$94,900 2007 Deere 650J LT 4250 hours, EROPS with heat and air conditioning, cloth air ride seat, 6 way PAT 105” blade, 3 shank ripper, sweeps, rear window/AC guarding, undercarriage approximately 65%, has been through the shop and all repairs have been done, just serviced. Located in Spearfish, SD............ ....................................................................................................$99,500

Minerals for beef cows CONTINUED FROM PAGE A13

Calcium Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body, and is an integral part bone and nerve tissue. Most well-managed pastures will have adequate calcium, and legumes will have more calcium than grasses (alfalfa can contain 1% calcium or more.)

Grains and weathered forages will be low in calcium.

The most important feature of calcium nutrition is the ratio of calcium to phosphorus. The ideal Ca:P ratio is 1.5 to 2.0:1.0.

If the ration is inverted and phosphorus exceeds calcium, absorption of calcium in the digestive tract is reduced, and the animal will metabolize calcium and phosphorus from bone. This can result in less bone growth, brittle bones, and “water belly” or kidney stones. Given the amounts and ratio of Ca:P for the pasture in Table 2, the amount and the ratio are correct, so no additional calcium is needed. For a more mature, poorly managed pasture, this may not be the case and additional calcium would be needed as part of a mineral mixture. A good source of calcium is limestone.

Phosphorus Phosphorus is found in many parts of the animal’s body, and is an important part of energy transfer. Deficiencies of phosphorus have long been associated with reproductive problems with cattle, and in many cases phosphorus was overfed as a hedge against these problems . However, recent research with dairy cattle has shown that reproduction is not compromised if the adequate amount and ratio of phosphorus is added to the diet. Excess phosphorus in the diet is excreted through feces, and overfeeding has become a major issue for phosphorusbased nutrient management. For beef cows, phosphorus requirements are relatively low, and, like calcium, are met with wellmanaged pastures. Phosphorus in forages is also depleted with increased maturity of plants, drought conditions, and winter grazing. Because of a higher cost than other macro-nutrients, phosphorus can be fed at varying rates based on forage quality and availability.

Potassium Most forages are adequate to excessive in potassium content, and the needs of grazing cattle are generally met. One possible result of excessive potassium is usually associated with grazing legumes in grass-legume pastures or in grasses in early spring, is a reduction in magnesium intake that results in grass tetany.

Magnesium Magnesium is an important mineral for grazing cattle because of the association with grass tetany. Grass tetany is usually seen in cattle in the early spring when there

is lush grass growth and cool, wet weather and is caused by a deficiency of magnesium to the cattle. The disease is characterized by a staggering gait, nervousness, and death of the animal. It usually occurs in older cows, and death can result in a matter of hours after the onset of symptoms. Producers who observe these symptoms should call a vet immediately to administer magnesium intravenously. It is important to provide a magnesium supplement in a free-choice mineral mixture during periods of high potential for grass tetany. Magnesium oxide and Epsom salts are two sources of magnesium for these mixtures, palatability is extremely low therefore for adequate consumption magnesium sources must be mixed with dried molasses, salt, ground corn or water to make sure there is adequate intake. Proper liming of pastures is also a hedge against magnesium deficiency.

Selenium Many soils in the Northeast are deficient in selenium, and this can result in white muscle disease and reductions of disease immunity in calves. Many producers in the region routinely administer selenium injections to newborn calves. Selenium can be a part of a free-choice mineral mixture, but a commercially-prepared mix is probably more desirable. Excessive selenium is dangerous to animals and the environment. The amount of selenium needed in a mixture is so small (0.2 parts per million/cow/day) that proper mixing may not be achieved in small batches made at home. A commerciallyavailable selenium source for home mixes usually contains about 0.06% selenium and can be used to formulate a mineral mixture.

Other mineral issues Distillers grains and corn gluten feeds have high levels of sulfur and this must be accounted for in formulating rations. Sulfur and copper in water is additive with amounts found in feeds. Organic and chelated minerals have been widely tested, but there are no consistent results to indicate these forms of minerals will be more beneficial than the mineralized forms. Additionally sheep are extremely sensitive to copper. If sheep and cattle are managed together in similar fields the copper level in mineral supplement will need to be limited to an acceptable level for sheep.

As mentioned earlier to control mineral costs and overfeeding forage and soil testing along with fecal testing should be completed prior to supplementing minerals.

Admittedly liver biopsies provide the most accurate reflection of mineral absorption.

However the challenge with collecting samples and the cost of conducting the analysis may be prohibitive to using these sampling techniques.

There was lots of interest in Ashley Kent’s Ag Negotiations Class at Montana’s Next Generation Conference. Participants learned various negotiation style and how to apply it to their farm or ranch.

Photo by Kari Lewis.

Winter survival in alfalfa

By Ben Beckman, UNL The time for spring planting alfalfa is just around the corner, and selecting the right seed is crucial. Two traits we should take extra time to consider are fall dormancy and winter survival.

These traits are often treated the same, but are different.

Today let’s look at winter survival.

Winter survival or winter hardiness is the ability for an alfalfa plant to make it through winter without injury, once the plant goes dormant. This is different than the fall dormancy rating that measures the alfalfa’s ability to prepare for and recover from dormancy. Winter survival is measured on a 1 to 6 scale with 1 being extremely hardy and 6 not hardy. For Nebraska, a winter survival rating of 3 is about as high as we want to go.

As temperatures drop and days shorten, alfalfa plants change their physiology to survive freezing temperatures and make it through winter. While increased hardiness can result in reduced yield potential, for a high dollar perennial forage, having a full stand year after year is better in the long run.

In the past, winter survival traits were linked with fall dormancy. With new varieties, this isn’t always the case, so winter survival needs to be evaluated on its own.

We want to pick a winter survival ranking that will get us through winter without compromising yield.

Where you are in the state plays a big role in what to pick. Winter temperatures affect the choice, but maintained snow cover is also important. As snow can help insulate the ground, parts of the state that regularly have open winters may need as high or higher survival rating than colder locations with winter-long snow cover.

Bottom line for Nebraska, a winter survival rating of 3 is about as high as we want to go and areas with open winters or regularly colder temperatures should be even lower. ##### Today, O Lord, I’m leaving behind my old baggage– guilt and grief–and picking up gratitude. ##### Lord, my checking account is empty. How can this be? Oh! I subracted instead of added in the ledger.

Whew!

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page A15

If you have items you want advertised in the May 2023 issue THE VERY LATEST WE CAN ACCEPT THEM is April 26th.

GOLDEN TRIANGLE SEEDS

Joplin & Rudyard, MT

BARLEY Haymaker Hay Barley

For ALL Your Seed Cleaning Needs!

We are a certified facility offering cleaning and treating of all seed varieties

SPRING CROP SEEDS AVAILABLE NOW! SPRING WHEAT SEED

CALL US FOR PRICING!

Gunnison WestBred (CSO) WB 9377 WestBred (CSO) (Good Sawfly Tolerance) WB 9590 WestBred (CSO) Vida MSU (PVP) SY Longmire (PVP) Dagmar MSU (PVP) WB 9719 WestBred (CSO) WB 9516 WestBred (CSO)

PEAS & LENTILS

Stamina • Zinc Inoculant Available

WestBred® Improving Nature’s Grains and the Wheat design are trademarks of Monsanto Technology, LLC

Ginny (CSO) Aragon Peas (CSO) Hampton Peas 4193 YP (PVP) Richlea Lentils Avondale Lentils Horizon Hay Pea

Reed (406) 899-2774 Ron (406) 390-1220

Plant Phone 406-355-4333

PO Box 167 Rudyard, MT 59540

Treat with: Rancona Attendant for wireworm

FINGER BUTTES RANCH ALZADA, CARTER COUNTY, MONTANA

AUCTION MAY 1, 2023 @ 1:00 PM

MOOSE LODGE, 399 STANLEY ST, BELLE FOURCHE SD RANCH LOCATION: The finger Buttes Ranch is located approximately 23 miles north of Alzada, MT on Hwy 323.

RANCH DESCRIPTON: The Finger Buttes Ranch is centered in the heart of the strong grass cattle country of eastern Montana and the western Dakotas. Consisting of 7,716+ deeded acres, 640+ State of Montana lease acres (98 AUM’s) and 1,561+ BLM acres,(299 AUM’s) for a total of 9,917 acres The land is comprised of rolling hills and flat-top buttes with minimal unproductive ground. Approximately 3,560+ acres are tillable with over 1,000 acres currently planted to mixtures of grass and alfalfa for grazing and haying. Underground pipelines provide water to numerous tanks located throughout the ranch in addition to multiple seasonal reservoirs. The ranch includes two homes, corrals, livestock barns, grain bins and two Quonsets. Southeast Montana is well known for large populations of mule deer and whitetail deer, as well as antelope and upland birds, of which Finger Buttes ranch has a strong population of each.

There is an active Equip Program in place that may allow for the construction of additional pipeline, water tanks and fencing if the new owner qualifies. In addition, there approximately a total of 2000 FSA (1,950+ Wheat Base Acres) base acres on the ranch. The ranch will be offered in 2 tracts as well as one complete unit, selling in the manner realizing the greatest return to the Seller FINGER BUTTES RANCH WEST PARCEL: West Finger Buttes Ranch consists of 2,800+ total acres: 2,360± deeded acres, 440+ BLM acres (80 AUM’s) fenced into four pastures. There are 1,052 acres of tillable ground of which approximately 532.5 acres has been planted in 2021 to hay/grass introducing perennial grass and legume. The balance of the tillable acres is already in hay/grazing production. Water is provided from dams and reservoirs located throughout the ranch. There are no improvements.

FINGER BUTTES HEADQUARTERS PARCEL: The Finger Buttes Headquarters consists of 5,356.48+ deeded acres, 640+ State of Montana lease acres and roughly 1,121 BLM acres (219 AUM’s) for a total of 7,117 acres. The ranch is fenced into 10 pastures.

There are currently 2,437.4 acres of tillable ground with 258.5+ acres in hay/grazing production. Improvements include two houses, calving barn, pipe corrals, two Quonsets, grain bins, and other outbuildings. A 2,900-foot water well supplies water to several tanks located throughout the ranch.

AUCTION TERMS: EARNEST MONEY: At the conclusion of the auction, the successful bidder shall make a 10% nonrefundable earnest money deposit, with the balance due in cash or certified funds at closing. CLOSING: Closing to take place on or before June 1, 2023. TAXES: All 2022 and previous years taxes shall be paid by Seller. The 2023 taxes shall be prorated to the day of closing. All subsequent years taxes shall be paid by Buyer. INSPECTIONS: The property will be sold in “As-Is” condition without any warranties, either expressed or implied, as to the nature, condition, or description of any improvements. Buyer shall inspect property to the extent deemed necessary and shall rely upon own judgment when bidding. FINANCING: Property sells without Buyer contingency of any kind. Please have all financial arrangements secured prior to bidding. LEGAL DESCRIPTION: Property sold by legal description only, which will be included in the owner’s title insurance commitment that will be provided by Security Abstract, Miles City, Montana, and made available on or before the day of the auction. Acreages and square footages are approximate and determined by the Carter County Assessor and /or Treasurer. CLOSING COSTS: Closing firm’s fee shall be shared equally between the Buyer and Seller. Security Abstract, Miles City, Montana shall be the closing agent. Buyer and Seller shall be responsible for their own closing costs as customary. GENERAL TERMS: Property will be transferred by Warranty Deed subject to easements, assessments, and reservations of record. The Auctioneers/Brokers are representing the Seller’s interests as the Seller’s Agent in this transaction. Please see the Real Estate Brokerage Disclosure for agency relationship definitions. All information is derived from sources deemed reliable; however, neither Seller nor Auctioneers/Brokers are making any guaranties or warranties, actual or implied. Any announcements made day of auction supersede any and all previously printed material and any other oral statements made. METHOD OF SALE: The ranch will be offered in 2 tracts as well as one complete unit, selling in the manner realizing the greatest return to the Seller. Seller shall require an all cash sale. The Seller reserves the right to effectuate a 1031 tax-deferred exchange.

CONTACT:

Mark McNamee 307.760.9510 or Denver Gilbert 406.697.3961 and Monty Lesh 406.853.1523 with questions.

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page A16

If you enjoy reading the Trader’s Dispatch, and have found what you were looking for, please tell an advertiser.

RGB ANGUS

Angus bulls for sale - $3950 per head

Sired by Alternative and Emerald Weaning weights all over 700 lbs., birth weights all under 90 lbs.

Our cow herd averages a 1200 lb. mature weight.

Call or text for more information Rose: 406-750-6540 or Geoff: 406-217-3097

Phone 216-3050

PROFESSIONAL Hand-Picked Quality & Selection

Done on All

2016 Chevrolet 3500 HD

Crew cab 4x4 dually with 9-ft. aluminum flatbed that has 18” foldable sidewalls, dual gas tanks, 6 brand new tires,6.0 liter gas engine, great landscaping truck..................... $42,999

Vehicles!

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2013 Ford F350

Supercab, 4x4 with 8-ft. Knapheide utility box and light duty crane, 6.7 liter Powerstroke diesel, new tires, great running truck...................................................................... $39,999

2015 Ford F350 XLT

1-ton, super cab, long box, 4x4, 6.2 liter gas, vinyl floor, cloth seats, power windows, locks and mirrors, solid front axle, manual hubs, locking differential.......................... $33,999

2013 Ford F250 XL

Regular cab, 4x4, 6.2 liter engine that runs off propane, only 70,000 miles, cloth seat, vinyl floor, power windows, locks and mirrors........................................................... $24,999

2018 GMC Sierra 3500HD SLE

Crew cab, 4x4, 6.0L gas engine, 6 speed shiftable automatic, power seat, 8-ft. long box with spray in bed liner, aluminum wheels, new tires, factory trailer tow package...... $39,999

2017 Chevrolet 3500HD

Double cab, 4x4 dually with 9-ft. utility box and pipe rack, excellent condition, new tires, 6.0 litre gas engine, 89,500 miles..................................................................... $44,999

2017 RAM 4500

Crew cab, 4x4 dually with 9-ft. flatbed, 6 new tires, 6.7 liter diesel, 1 owner, no accident, gooseneck ball, 16,500 lb GVW, pulling beast. NADA RETAIL is $49,950................................ ...................................................OUR PRICE $45,999

2016 Ford T150

Low roof cargo van, racks in back, padded vinyl cargo floor, less than 77,000 miles, ready to go.......................$31,999

2016 Ford F350 XLT 1 Ton

Crew cab, 4x4, 8-ft. box, vinyl floor, cloth seats, power windows, locks and mirros, 11,000 lb GVW, 3.73 gears, bed liner, 20 inch tires and wheels..........................................$33,999

2017 Ford F250 XL

Supercab, 4x4, long box, vinyl floor, cloth seats, 6.2 litre engine, 6 speed automatic transmission.................. $39,999

2006 Chevrolet 2500HD

Regular cab, 4x4 work truck with 8-ft. Knapheide utility box with 6 locking storage compartments and top load storage.

113,800 miles on 6.0 gas, previously owned by Red Cross.... ............................................................................. $22,999

Visit our website at: www.a-plusauto.com

Due to the Coronavirus we are unsure of business hours. So if you have questions, or want to schedule an appointment, please call or text Brian on his cell phone: 406-868-4309 between 9 am - 6 pm. Thanks!

Cattle AI Class and Breeding Days For youth interested in cattle breeding, the University of Wyoming Extension will offer artificial insemination (AI) classes in Campbell and Fremont Counties on May 6, followed by breeding days in June.

“AI Days is geared toward kids who want to get their livestock bred,” says Chance Marshall, a UW Extension educator and co-organizer of the event. “Adults can attend, but the event is primarily for 4-H members and youth with livestock who want to build their herds or have specific breeding goals.”

The AI program is open to youth across Wyoming and surrounding states. The program may be of particular interest to 4-H’ers participating in the commercial cow contest, Marshall notes.

The educational workshops in May will cover nutrition, breeding selection, AI protocol and pregnancy testing. These classroom sessions will take place 10 a.m.-1 p.m. at the Campbell County Extension office in Gillette and Fremont County Extension office in Riverton.

Cattle breeding days, in which youth will artificially inseminate their cattle under Marshall’s guidance, will take place on June 5 in Campbell County and on June 6 in Fremont County.

“AI Days is about learning what we’re doing, why we’re doing it, and how to do it,” Marshall explains. “We’ll go through the breeding process on the education day and then we’ll get all the animals together and breed them.”

To register for the event, visit http://tiny.cc/23cattleai.

Registration, which reserves lunch and supplies for the May 6 class, closes on April 21.

Payment for breeding is required on May 6. The cost is $25/head for up to four females; to breed additional animals, the cost is $50/head.

For youth interested in AI for sheep and goats, classes and breeding days will be offered in July and August 2023.

The AI Days program received funding from the John P. Ellbogen Foundation and Farm Credit Services of America.

The program is organized and led by Marshall and fellow UW Extension educators Kim Fry and Amanda HitshewSmall.

Contact Marshall at (307) 332-1018 or cmarsha1@uwyo. edu for more information on Fremont County AI programming. Contact Kim Fry at (307) 682-7281 or Kim.Fry@ campbellcountywy.gov for more information on Campbell County programming.

Private pesticide applicator initial training offered

MSU Extension-Cascade County will be offering an Initial Private applicator training in Great Falls on Monday, May 15, 2023. The training will be at Montana ExpoPark’s Family Living Center and begin at 8:30 a.m. with registration. The training will end at 5:15 p.m.

Individuals and their employees must be licensed as a private applicator prior to purchasing and using restricted use pesticides on land they own, rent, or lease. For applicators to acquire their private applicator license, they must either attend an Initial Private applicator training or pass the 50-question, open-book, graded, Montana Private Applicator Certification Exam at their local Extension office.

Speakers include Makayla Paul, MSU Extension-Meagher County; Colleen Pegar, MSU Extension-Hill County; Jesse Fulbright, MSU Extension-Liberty County; Kari Lewis, MSU Extension-Glacier County; Jake Degenstein, Montana Department of Agriculture; and Rose Malisani, MSU Extension-Cascade County.

The Initial Private applicator training is open to the public.

Individuals who have a current Private Applicator license will receive 6 Private Applicator recertification credits.

Individuals not holding a Private Applicator license will be licensed as Private Applicators at the program.

New applicators will need to fill out a new applicator permit with fee and mail to Montana Department of Agriculture after the training. Licensing fees are based upon a five-year recertification period. To find out more about the Private Applicator program, go to www.pesticides.montana.edu.

Individuals interested in the training need to register

by Friday, May 12, 2023, to the MSU Extension-Cascade County office. Lunch will be roast beef with mashed potatoes and gravy, fixings, dessert, and a beverage. Registration fee includes lunch and training materials. Contact Rose Malisani at (406) 454-6980 for more information or to register.

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page A17

LOWELL SKUNBERG ESTATE

SATURDAY, MAY 6, 2023 – ONLINE ONLY Preview - May 4 & 5, 9:00-5:00 Load-out May 8 & 17, 9:00-5:00 6 MILES SOUTH ON HWY 223, CHESTER, MT CHANT BEGINS AT 11:00 A.M. MST on www.equipmentfacts.com

AUCTIONEERS NOTE:

SEEDING AND LAND PREP 1999 CONCORD 4012 3R air drill, 40’, 12” spacing, single chute, walking beam rubber packers, CONCORD 2300 cart, 92/138 bushel split tank, 8” auger, low-profile.

JOHN DEERE 9400 drills, 4-10’, 10” spacing, rubber packers, fert boxes, accu-point, 4 place hitch.

1 drill hitch, fits 9400 or 9450s.

FLEXI-COIL 2340 cart frame with 1600 gallon liquid fertilizer tank.

JOHN DEERE 1610 chisel plow, 40’, 1 1/4” shanks, hydraulic single wingup.

JOHN DEERE disk, 32’, 20” disks, hydraulic, manual fold.

EDWARDS plow, 24’, winglift.

TRUCK, TRAILERS AND PICKUPS 1990 KENWORTH T600 semi, 12.7L Detroit Series 60, Eaton Fuller 10 speed, 50,000 GVW, 16,355 Chassi, 416,906 miles.

2004 KENWORTH tandem truck, CAT 3406, automatic, 20’ box, full back door open, roll tarp, tag axle, 52,000 GVW, 886,562 miles.

1979 FORD 700 single-axle truck, V8, 4 Speed Hi/Lo, 15’ Knapheide box, Shur-Loc roll tarp, 21,000 GVW, 10714 miles.

1976 CHEVROLET C62 SCOTTSDALE single-axle truck, V8, 5 Speed Hi/Lo, 17’ Omaha Standard box, Shur-Loc roll tarp, 23,160 GVW, 92707 miles.

2009 NEVILLE BUILT grain trailer, 40’, roll tarp, 68,000 GVW. 2011 CHEVROLET SIVERARDO C150 pickup, 1/2 ton, 4.3L, automatic, single cab, 8’ box, 2WD, 102K+ miles.

1993 FORD 3/4 ton pickup box trailer, storage box, sells WITHOUT shuttle.

Lowell fell in love with Montana farming but unfortunately passed due to illness. His family would now like to share his passion by offering this well-maintained, shedded, full line of equipment. We pulled everything straight out of storage to picture. Due to limited parking and wi-fi, this sale will be online only. You will still hear our voices as we live chat the closing starting at 11:00 am on May 6 on equipmentfacts.com. Be sure to register early, at least two days prior and read all of the terms and conditions. You can inspect items and hear them run on May 4 & 5. We will be available to help load on May 8 & 17 only. Mileage and hours listed are numbers from odometer and should be used as a reference only. Give us a call if you have questions.

Jim, Dena and crew

HARVEST AND GRAIN HANDLING 2011 JOHN DEERE 9770 STS combine, Bullet rotor, chopper, spreaders, bin extensions, eng hrs 1923, sep hrs 1398.

1982 JOHN DEERE 8820 TURBO combine, John Deere 230 header, 30’, bat reel, auger feed, eng hrs: 3819.7 Combine trailer 15.5’, 2 5/8 ball.

JOHN DEERE 8820 combine parts, miscellaneous.

2003 JOHN DEERE 936D draper header, 36’, single drive, pick-up reel, canvas, slow speed transport.

2005 CASE IH 2020 flex header, 35’, double drive, short teeth on reel.

1999 HONEY BEE HB36 header, 36’ bat reel, 18” off-set, older JOHN DEERE adapter, airbag float, transport.

JOHN DEERE 965 header trailer, 30’.

WEST COUNTRY reel replacement, 36’, center reel, 6 reel tines, still in crate.

WESTFIELD auger, 10x72, low profile swing out, 540 PTO. SAKUNDIAK HD10-1600 auger, 10x50, 540 PTO. WESTFIELD W80 auger, 8x61, 540 PTO, good flighting.

BUHLER FARM KING 831 auger, 8x31, Honda 24V twin motor, Wheatheart bin sweep attachment.

MISCELLANEOUS JOHN DEERE MX15 rotary mower, 15’, NEVER BEEN USED, 540 PTO, double wing-up.

TEBBEN 94-600 3-point mower, 6’, 540 PTO. 2014 HONDA RANCHER 4-wheeler, 325, NO TITLE, 2WD .

TROY BILT XP power washer, Honda GCV190, 3000 PSI, 2.7 GPM. Diesel tank, 1000 gallon.

Gas tank, 500 gallon.

Slip tank, 100 gallon, Fill-rite 15gpm, 12V pump.

15W-40 motor oil, 4-5 gallon buckets, unopened.

JOHN DEERE Trans-Hydraulic Fluid, 5-5 gallon buckets, unopened.

BRIGGS & STRATTON Water pump, 3 Hp, 2”.

Water tank, 1500 gallon.

APOLLO welder, 220.

TRACTORS 1984 JOHN DEERE 8650 tractor, 4 range/4 speed/2R, articulating, 3 remotes, crank case return, E-Z GUIDE 500 GPS/E-Z steer, 1300 hrs on rebuilt injectors, front dif and water pump, 8733 hrs.

1963 JOHN DEERE 4010 2T tractor, 8 speed, 2 remotes, 540 PTO, 3 point, 600 hrs on complete overhaul, JOHN DEERE 48 loader, 7’ bucket, had new tach when purchased in 2008, 636.6 hrs.

1966 JOHN DEERE 5020 tractor, 8 speed, 2 remotes, 8302 hrs.

SPRAYING SUMMERS ULTIMATE NT sprayer, 90’ boom, pull-type, 1500 gallon, rinse tank, 3-way nozzles.

WILLMAR AIR RIDE spray coupe, 60’ boom, John Deere engine, 500 gallon, 2” fill, 2 way nozzles, foam marker, 4715 hrs.

2-FIMCO INDUSTRIES sprayers, 20 gallon, 12 Volt, 1 with wand/1 without.

PRE-PARE herbicide, 4 jugs, unopened.

VALAR herbicide, 3 boxes, unopened.

TRU-KLEEN Mixing Cone, 40 gallon, 2” plumbing.

Fritz auction

Jim, Dena and family 406-432-2845 fritzbull.com fritzauction@yahoo.com

Facebook equipmentfacts.com

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page A18

SPRAY RIG FOR SALE Summers sprayer, 18-ft. boom, 10-ft. rear spray, new cab controls and Handy Pump meter,

Live Auction with Live Internet Bidding!

extra water tank, mounted on 1995 GMC 3500 flatbed, extended cab, 450 gas. Always kept under cover! Field ready.

Phone (406) 537-2333 or text (406) 459-4613 Open Spear Ranch, Dennis McDonald, Melville, Montana

Cabin Cabin Fever Fever Auction Auction Featuring an elite collection from the Jim Woodburn Estate

Saturday, May 20, 2023 10:00 a.m. G Fairgrounds, Lewistown, MT

HENRY .44-40

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40+ Bronzes by F. Remington, T. Sullivan, H. Rattey, P. Harr, Manuel, P. Apsit & more (8) Original Paintings by Clarence Cuts the Rope Large Collection of Vintage Winchester & Marlin Firearms (5) Henry Arms Rifles (unfired/original boxes) Gold & Silver Coins

RATTEY

J MACKIN MANUEL

CLARENCE CUTS THE ROPE

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HENRY .22

HENRY 45-70 GOV’T

SULLIVAN

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We Carry a Variety of

SPRING SEED

for Montana’s Farms CERTIFIED AAC MARVELOUS FLAX **ON HAND**

Ask us about our early season discounts and special finance options with your preferred Deere Credit.

FINANCING AVAILABLE (406) 567-2211 1-800-567-2217 Mike DeVries 567-3022

Denton, Montana 31/2 miles SW - Near Airport

Pasty butt in chicks

From Freedom Ranger Hatchery Are you a chicken keeper or breeder? If so, then you’ve probably heard of pasty butt in chicks. This condition can cause great distress to young birds and even lead to death if not treated quickly.

Pasty butt is simply the name given to a combination of stress, humidity, and poor hygiene in baby chicks. It is characterized by a substance that adheres to the vent area of the chick.

Fortunately, it can be prevented or treated easily with proper care and knowledge of the symptoms, causes, treatment, and prevention measures. In this article, we will discuss what pasty butt is and how to address it properly if your flock is affected by it.

What Is Pasty Butt in Chicks?

Pasty butt is a condition that affects young chickens and other poultry species. A combination of factors, including stress, humidity, and poor hygiene, causes it.

The condition results in the accumulation of a white pasty substance around the vent area of the chick.

If left untreated, the pasty material can harden and block the chick’s vent, preventing it from passing normal waste.

This blockage can be fatal if not addressed quickly and correctly.

Symptoms of Pasty Butt in Chicks The symptoms of pasty butt in chicks are fairly easy to spot if you know what to look for. Let’s look at the signs: White, pasty substance around the chick’s vent area Fluffed feathers that are dirty and matted with debris Lethargy and refusal to eat Loss of weight or failure to gain weight as expected Pasty butt is most common in chicks up to two weeks old, so be sure to examine them daily for signs of the condition.

Causes of Pasty Butt in Chicks A combination of factors causes a pasty butt in baby chicks. These include: Stress Baby chicks are especially vulnerable to stress during the first few weeks of their lives, and even minor disturbances can cause them to be prone to pasty butt.

Humidity High humidity levels in the brooder can create an ideal environment for bacteria or fungi to grow, which can lead to pasty butt in a baby chick.

Poor hygiene Young chicks need a clean and dry environment for optimal health. If the brooder is not kept clean and well-ventilated, it can increase the risk of developing a pasted vent.

Too Cold or Too Hot Newly hatched chicks must be kept at the right temperature to stay healthy and prevent disease.

If they are too cold or too hot (caused by a heat lamp), it can lead to huddling with other chicks and decrease the chick’s activity. Baby chicks cannot regulate their body temperature, so keeping their environment at the right temperature is important. Always keep them at the right brooder temperature.

Improper Feeding Baby chicks need to be fed the right type and amount of chick feed for optimal health. If they are not getting enough nutrients, it can make them more vulnerable to a pasted butt.

Sometimes excessive protein can cause this as well.

Age of The Chick The condition is most common in chicks up to two weeks old and is rarely seen in chicks older than this because new chicks are sensitive to changes in environment and stress.

Now that you know the causes of pasty butt, let’s look at how to treat and prevent it.

Treating and Managing Pasty Butt in Chicks If you spot the signs of pasty butt in your chicks, it’s important to take action immediately. Fortunately, it is easy to treat and manage with a few easy steps.

You will need the following: Cotton swab Warm water Paper towel Small pair of scissors 1. Gently wipe away the pasty material from your chick’s butt with a cotton swab dipped in warm water. It’s important to note that baby chicks have a belly button located beneath the feathers near the vent. Just like human babies, there is a small amount of tissue that dries up and falls off. Be sure not to confuse this tissue with the vent and try to pull it off, as it could disembowel the chick.

2. Blot-dry the area with a paper towel to dry the chick.

3. Trim the feathers around the vent area to allow air CONTINUED ON PAGE A19

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page A19

Pasty butt in chicks

PICKUP AND SPRAYER FOR SALE

CONTINUED FROM PAGE A18

1997 Ford F250 Club Cab, 213,000 miles, 460 engine, 4x4, manual transmission, new front circulation and prevent future build-up of debris. end, tires are good. Good runner.

4. Keep your chicks stress-free and ensure their environAg Chem slide-in sprayer, 425 gallon tank, 40-ft. booms, new controls, electric push valves, ment is clean and dry. nozzles and hoses, Honda engine. Like new condition.

5. Feed them the right type and amount of feed for optimal Nice set-up. Selling as a set....$9000 For more information phone (406) 366-1667, Stanford, Montana nutrition.

6. If your chick has a reoccurring pasty butt, use some petroleum jelly to help prevent the pasty material from sticking to their feathers.

How to Prevent Pasty We are here to serve you.

Butt in Chicks We appreciate the opportunity Pasty butt in chicks can be prevented with proper to earn your business. care and management.

Provide Proper Nutrition: Feed your chicks a balanced diet appropriate for their age. This diet will ensure they have the nutrients they need to stay healthy.

Keep The Brooder Clean and Well-Ventilated: Make Authorized NuSeed Canola Dealer and local Coors Barley Seed Supplier sure you have clean, dry bedding, and ventilation.

This environment will help reduce the chances of bacteria or fungi growing in the brooder.

Sunburst - 406-937-3388 or Ledger 406-278-3388 or 406-278-0151 Minimize Stress: Keep your chicks stress-free by providing a quiet, comfortth able environment with minimal disturbance.

R IG Monitor Temperature and Humidity Levels: Baby AT PM chicks need to be kept at the right temperature to stay REDS healthy and prevent disease. yr Monitor the temperature and o ld humidity levels to ensure ARLEY 406-429-6151 they are within a safe range.

Auctioneer: 2010 World Champion Kyle Shobe Join us for LUNCH AT NOON FRANCIS 406-429-2925 Conclusion Catered by Mama O’z Lineshack Catering Dick Raths - DVM - 35-Year Ranch Vet francis@midrivers.com Pasty butt in chicks can P.O. Box 86•Winnett, MT 59087 be serious, but it can easily Registered Red Angus 26 Yrs be prevented or treated with proper care. You can keep Home-raised KRP sires breed 40+ cows NATURAL SERVICE annually. your baby chicks healthy Bulls from the top 1/3 of the crop - Heifers from the heart of the herd . and happy by following the steps outlined above.

FEATURING PROGENY OF ELITE STAY SIRE KRP MAKE A MILL 2054 - 9 YRS. NS Monitor them closely for signs of pasty butt and take action as soon as possible if any are detected. With the right knowledge and care, you can help ensure your chicks have a healthy and safe start in life, especially when you order them from our family of hatcheries.

Experienced Agronomists

Services Provided: Soil Testing Fertilizer Custom Fertilizer Application Precision Ag Crop Consulting Field Scouting

Now serving you in 2 locations

H NC A

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14 A n n u a l P r o d u c t i o n S a l e

THURS. - MAY 11 , 2023

1

GLASGOW STOCKYARDS ● 406-228-9306

40 - 2 VIRGIN BULLS ~ 30 OPEN HEIFERS

VIEW THE SALE & BID ONLINE AT cattleusa.com

Patagonia A desert in the southernmost parts of Argentina and Chile that extends to the tip of South America. The name comes from pata, Spanish for “paw”. According to legend, when Magellan explored the area in 1520, he was impressed by the gigantic tracks he found in the snow and thought they must belong to a race of giants. In truth, the marks were probably left by the oversize llama-skin shoes worn by the indigenous Tehuelches people. ##### Q: What did the duck say when he bought lipstick?

A: “Put it on my bill.”

LONGEVITY: “There are 8 IA RA sires in the RAAA database with STAY EPD’s of 25 or higher.

Elite STAY bulls.”

- Feb. 9, 2022 RAAA Newsletter, Tom Brink, CEO RAAA

SALE BULL SAMPLING SIRE #

FERTILITY: AVERAGE SEMEN SCORES 2022 SALE BULLS MOTILITY - 86.8% MORPHOLOGY - 87.4%

- NATURAL GROWTH

KRP MAKE A MILL 2054 #1546984 KRP OLY T’S ANSWER 8689 #3984648 KRP KANYON MAKER 3853 #1622622 KRP EPIC WANDER 6407 # 3564494 KRP HOLY PAY DAY 8221 #3984374 KRP OLY’S WANDER 7500 #3783603 BUF CRK THE RIGHT KIND U199 #1260155 RED U2 MALBEC 195D #3721545 BUF CRK FINAL ANSWER W004 #1329487 KRP EPIC KAN ANSWER 9689 #4172818 KRP DOK KANYON BRITE 7359 #3783459

BULL #

DOB

BW

205 AWW

#4525905 #4526189 #4525957 #4526019 #4525997 #4525853 #4526235 #4526251 #4526233 #4526093 #4526095

4/24/21 4/18/21 4/21/21 4/16/21 4/18/21 4/29/21 4/05/21 3/29/21 3/30/21 4/15/21 4/28/21

80 75 76 78 75 81 72 75 74 72 69

744 813 744 717 701 746 712 713 710 733 768

DAM STAY MPPA

26 22 23 20 24 23 18 19 25 23 24

100 105 99 101 100 101 100 100 101 103 103

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page A20

We’d appreciate it if you tell an advertiser you read his ad in the Trader’s Dispatch.

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In August 2021, the human-caused Boulder 2700 Fire near Flathead Lake burned 2,230 acres and destroyed 31 structures, leaving debris along Highway 35 and threatening power lines and traffic.

Humans cause more destructive wildfires in the West

More than three times as many houses and other structures burned in Western wildfires from 2010 to 2020 than in the previous decade, and that wasn’t only because more acreage burned, according to a new analysis from the University of Montana and its partners.

Human ignitions started 76% of the wildfires that destroyed structures, and those fires tended to be in flammable areas where homes, commercial structures and outbuildings are increasingly common.

“Humans are driving the negative impacts from wildfire,” said lead author Philip Higuera, a UM fire ecologist and professor, who wrote the assessment during a sabbatical at the Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES) at the University of Colorado Boulder. “Human fingerprints are all over this. We influence the when, the where and the why.”

Most measures of wildfire’s impact – for example, expansion of wildfire season into new months and the number of structures in flammable vegetation – are going in the wrong direction, Higuera said. But the new finding, published February 1 in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences-Nexus, also means that human action can lessen the risks of wildfire damage.

“We have levers,” he said. “As climate change makes vegetation more flammable, we advise carefully considering if and how we build in flammable vegetation, for example.”

During Higuera’s visiting fellowship at CIRES, he worked with several researchers to dig into the details of 15,001 Western wildfires between 1999 and 2020.

Burned area increased 30% across the West, the team found, but structure loss increased much more, by nearly 250%. Many factors contributed, including climate change, our tendency to build more homes in flammable ecosystems and a history of suppressing wildfire.

Ph.D. student Maxwell Cook, a co-author from CIRES/ CU Boulder, said the forcible removal of Indigenous people CONTINUED ON PAGE A21

Snow cover in pastures and grazing considerations

By Samantha Daniel, UNL Nebraska’s last winter storm blanketed much of the state in significant snowfall, leaving behind 15 inches in the west central region to nearly two feet in central Nebraska. While this is great news for our drought conditions, it’s important to remember that, on average, it takes 10 inches of snow to get one inch of water. Additionally, snow cover has other benefits beyond adding moisture as well as considerations when winter grazing.

Snow cover in crop fields, particularly in early winter, acts as an insulator for the soil, trapping heat and restricting the depth of the frost layer. This insulation effect also allows the soil to thaw quicker in the spring. In addition to replenishing soil moisture, snow cover helps to preserve existing moisture while also protecting against wind and water erosion. While we can’t control the timing and amount of snow we receive, producers can encourage snow cover by maintaining standing residue in fields over the winter.

For winter grazing, it’s important to remember that while cattle can graze through snow and ice, the height and structure of forage as well as the type of precipitation will determine ease of grazing. Heavy, wet snow or snow that has formed a surface crust will cause animals to work harder to eat. In these situations, it’s recommended that producers keep an eye on animal condition and be prepared to supplement when necessary.

Humans cause more destructive wildfires in the West CONTINUED FROM PAGE A20

from landscapes played a role by all-but-eliminating intentional burning, which can lessen the risk of more destructive fires.

“Prescribed fire is an incredibly important tool, and we have a lot to learn about how people have been using fire for centuries,” Cook said.

In the new assessment, the team found some horrible years for wildfires. Sixty-two percent of all structures lost in those two decades were lost in just three years: 2017, 2018 and 2020, Cook said.

And some states had it much worse than others. California, for example, accounted for more than 77% of all 85,014 structures destroyed during 1999-2020.

Across the West, 1.3 structures were destroyed for every 1,000 hectares of land scorched by wildfire between 1999 and 2009. Between 2010 and 2020, that ratio increased to 3.4.

Importantly, Higuera and his colleagues also found variability among states in how much burning occurred and how many structures were lost in wildfires. Montana sees less structure loss relative to the West as a whole, and most burning is from lightning ignitions. California, on the other hand, sees high losses from wildfires and burns much more overall.

The paper concluded that all states could benefit from policies that address human-related ignitions, especially during late summer and fall and near developments, as well as policies that address fire-resistant building materials and consideration of nearby vegetation.

Finally, the authors said climate change mitigation is also essential. Longer fire seasons – a result of climate change – mean that human-related ignitions are more consequential, leading to more destructive wildfires in the fall and early winter when they were once rare.

The article, “Shifting social-ecological fire regimes explain increasing structure loss from Western wildfires,” was coauthored by Higuera, Cook, Jennifer Balch, Natasha Stavros and Lise St. Dennis from CIRES Earth Lab, as well as Adam Mahood, now an ecologist with the Agricultural Research Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture in Fort Collins.

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Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page A21

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Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page A22

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USDA-ARS releases genome of the voracious desert locust

Kim Kaplan, USDA The first high-quality genome of the desert locust—those voracious feeders of plague and devastation infamy and the most destructive migratory insect in the world— has been produced by U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service scientists.

The genome of the desert locust (SchisDesert locust tocerca gregaria) is enormous at just under ARS has produced the first high-quality, highly 9 billion base pairs, nearly three times the detailed genome of the desert locust (Schistocerca size of the human genome. gregaria). Photo by Brandon Woo “We were concerned that, faced with this toric proportions covering the area of New huge and very likely complex desert locust York City eats in one day the same amount genome, it was going to be an extremely as the population of New York, Pennsylvalong and difficult job. However, we were nia and New Jersey combined, according able to go from sample collection to a final to the Food and Agriculture Organization assembled genome in under 5 months,” said of the United Nations. entomologist Scott M. Geib with the ARS Current desert locust control mostly Tropical Crop and Commodity Protection depends on locating swarms and spraying Research Unit in Hilo, Hawaii, and one of them with broad-spectrum pesticides. Ultithe team leaders. “The desert locust is one of mately, this genomics work could decrease the largest insect genomes ever completed dependence on such pesticides. and it was all done from a single locust.”

“Having a high-quality genome is a big That one locust was provided by chemistep toward finding targeted controls,” Geib cal ecologist Baldwyn Torto with the Intersaid. “It will also give us valuable informanational Centre of Insect Physiology and tion about relatives of the desert locust that Ecology in Nairobi, Kenya. He and his team are major pests in the Americas such the tracked down swarms of locusts, collecting Mormon cricket, another swarming species specimens across Kenya until he had two that can impact U.S. food security.” parents that he was able to breed to produce This work is part of the Ag100Pest Inian offspring of known pedigree. tiative, an ARS program to develop high The size of the desert locust’s chroquality genomes for the top 100 arthropod mosomes is remarkable; compare them pests in agriculture as a foundation for basic to those of the model fruit fly Drosophila and applied research. melanogaster, the first insect genome ever USDA Foreign Agricultural Service assembled. Many of the desert locust’s incoordinated this research opportunity and dividual chromosomes are larger than the provided funding from the U.S. Agency for entire fruit fly genome.

International Development Africa Bureau “With the desert locust, we were dealthrough an interagency agreement. ing with a much larger genome in many Five Desert Locust Facts fewer pieces—about 8.8 Gb in just 12 The Desert Locust (Schistocerca gregarchromosomes. Next to the fruit fly, it’s ia) is a species of short-horned grasshopper like an 18-wheeler next to a compact car,” that periodically changes its body shape, Geib said. “It was like sequencing a typical behavior, and reproduction rate in response insect genome many, many times over. But to environmental conditions such as an with today’s advances in DNA sequencing abundance of rainfall and moisture. technologies, we are now able to generate Plague is actually a technical term. Desextremely accurate genomes of insects that ert locust infestations are identified in a previously would have been unapproachsequence of increasing severity based on able.” magnitude and geographical scale of the ARS has made the genome available swarm size: recession (calm), outbreak, to the international research community upsurge, plague (maximum intensity and through the National Center for Biotechnolscope). ogy Information at https://www.ncbi.nlm.

Swarms can stay in the air for long perinih.gov/bioproject/814718. ods of time. They regularly cross the Red Desert locust plagues are cyclic and Sea, about 300 km. They can also cover long have been recorded since the times of the distances: For example, Northwest Africa Pharaohs in ancient Egypt, as far back as to the British Isles in 1954 and from West 3200 B.C. In recent decades, there have Africa to the Caribbean in about ten days in been desert locust swarms in 1967-1969, 1988. Swarms can travel up to 1,000 km in 1986-1989 and most lately 2020-2022. They one week, about the distance between San cause devastation in East Africa, the Middle Francisco and Seattle.

East, and Southwest Asia, threatening food A one-square-kilometer swarm can consecurity in many countries. tain up to 80 million adult desert locusts.

Their damage can be massive. A small Each new generation in a swarm can be swarm can eat as much food in a day as up to 20 times larger than the previous one. would feed 35,000 people; a swarm of his-

National Eggs Benedict Day

When is National Eggs Benedict Day? This holiday is always observed on April 16 National Eggs Benedict Day is a day to savor and enjoy. This April 16 holiday is celebrated with a mouthwatering combination of eggs with hollandaise sauce, Canadian bacon on English muffins.

A lot of people have never had Eggs Benedict. If you’re upper crust, you most likely have enjoyed Eggs Benedict several times, and perhaps, regularly. However, many people (regular folk) have never tried Eggs Benedict. Go ahead and do a survey.

See how many of your friends can even tell you how it’s made, or what’s in it. Or, ask them what hollandaise sauce is.

Celebrate this day by eating Eggs Benedict.

If it’s your first time eating this breakfast treat, we suggest you go to a restaurant where they know from experience how to properly make it.

Make Eggs Benedict yourself at home.

What storage conditions affect seed quality?

Temperature and relative humidity are two key factors in maintaining good seed quality When it comes to seeds, storage conditions make an impact. Most people are aware that seeds need to be kept cool and dry to maintain their quality in storage. But the real questions are: How cool, and how dry, do the storage conditions need to be? The February 22nd Sustainable, Secure Food Blog looks at some general guidelines that apply to all types of seeds.A small, green hemp seedling held in hand The two most significant factors that affect seed quality in storage are temperature and relative humidity. Seeds need to be stored in conditions that carefully balance temperature and humidity to maintain seed quality and reduce seed deterioration.

Scientists also know that the sum of relative humidity (as a percentage) and temperature (in °C) must not exceed the number 100 for safe seed storage. So, if the temperature is high, relative humidity needs to be kept low, and vice versa.

Grace Fuchs, graduate student at Oregon State University, focuses her work on the best storage conditions for hemp seed (Cannabis sativa L.) She and her advisor are exploring different ratios of temperature and relative humidity to determine how they affect hemp seed quality in storage.

To read more about the research findings and the entire blog, visit: https://sustainable-secure-food-blog.com/2023/02/22/ what-storage-conditions-affect-seed-quality/

Sub-Saharan Africa The Sahara Desert stretches across the northern third of Africa through Algeria, Libya, Egypt, Sudan, Niger, Chad, Mauritania, Mali, Morocco, and Tunisia. These nations, some of which have oil-based economics, are largely made up of Muslim Arabic peoples. Nations south of the desert, in sub-Saharan Africa (“below the Sahara”), are inhabited mostly by non-Arabic people. The climate is much hotter and there’s little oil.

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page A23

Q: A cowboy left Montana to go to Texas on Friday and came back on Friday. How did he do it?

A: He named his horse Friday.

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1981 John Deere 4440 2WD Tractor

John Deere 8440 4WD Tractor W/ Blade

Case 621B Wheel Loader

Case 2290 MFWD Tractor W/Woods DU-AL 305 Quick Attach Loader

1996 Ag-Chem RoGator 854 Self-Propelled Sprayer

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Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page A24

What do sprinters eat before a race?

Nothing. They fast! ##### What do you call an illegally parked frog?

Toad!

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Marek’s Disease in chickens

Article created by Dr. Eva Wallner-Pendleton, DVM, MS, ACPV with assistance from Greg Martin (Extension Educator) Marek’s Disease is by far one of the most common illnesses in small flocks and not treatable once the clinical signs have begun. Yet, it is one of the most preventable illnesses using vaccination.

Marek’s Disease is by far one of the most common illnesses in small flocks and not treatable once the clinical signs have begun. Yet, it is one of the most preventable illnesses out there. There has been much discussion and misinformation about Marek’s Disease. So here are some clarifications concerning this disease.

Marek’s Disease affects chickens and is caused by a chicken herpes virus. It will not make people sick. Like many herpes viruses, once an animal becomes infected, it will be infected for life. Not all infected birds, however, will get sick. The percentage of clinically sick birds in a flock depends on the strain of virus (some virus strains are more virulent than others) and the breed of bird. Leghorns and light egg-type breeds tend to be more vulnerable to disease than meat type breeds. Silkies in particular, are highly susceptible to Marek’s Disease. The percentage of illness and death in a flock can be anywhere from 1% to up to 50%. The clinical disease is typically seen between 6 weeks to 30 weeks of age. But Marek’s Disease can develop in older birds as well.

Birds become infected with Marek’s Disease by inhaling virus-laden dander. While the virus is easily killed in its purified form, the virus can live for years in the dander.

This means that once the disease enters a coop, the environment will most likely be contaminated for a very long time (months to years) even if all birds are gone.

Since infected birds are shedding virus, they will spread the disease as long as they are alive. If new, unvaccinated birds are brought into an infected flock, they will also become infected. This is especially true of young chicks that are highly susceptible. Even if new birds are quarantined away from the affected flock, caretakers can carry the virus-laden dander on hands, clothing, shoes, hair, and skin and spread the illness. One way that Marek’s Disease is not acquired is through the hatching egg. Even if the breeders are infected, the chicks will hatch clean if they do not come into contact with the dander.

The symptoms of Marek’s Disease depend on which tissues are attacked. In the classic form, Marek’s Disease will cause inflammation and tumors in the nerves, spinal column, and brain. In this form, birds will become paralyzed in the legs, or wings or may develop head tremors.

Affected birds eventually die of starvation or are trampled or get severe sores on their body. They almost never recover from this.

Marek’s may also cause tumors in the internal organs, the eyes, and even the skin. Affected birds lose weight, become emaciated, and die.

Diagnosis of Marek’s Disease is by typical symptoms, necropsy, and biopsy examination of the tissues. Most diagnostic animal labs can test for this disease in necropsy specimens.

So how can you prevent Marek’s Disease in your flock?

Vaccination of day old baby chicks is the most dependable way to prevent the clinical disease. Birds must get the vaccine before they are exposed to the virus. Then the birds need about 4-7 days for the vaccine to do its work. That means complete isolation of the chicks for at least this time.

The chicks should be kept away from other birds and have a separate caretaker for them. If a separate caretaker is not possible, the chicks should be cared for first before caring for the others. Caretakers should shower and change clothes if needed to go back and forth between age groups. Again, this is for at least 4 days.

The best way to vaccinate the chicks is to have the hatchery vaccinate them. This is the preferable method if purchasing from a hatchery. If vaccinating at home, the vaccine handling must be done exactly as the label directs. This means following instructions on how quick to thaw, what temperature to thaw, and using the vaccine no longer than 1-2 hours after reconstitution (as indicated on the label.).

As hardy as this virus is in the feather dander, it is a live virus that dies rather quickly in vaccine form. Unfortunately, once the vaccine is reconstituted, it must be thrown out after two hours. It cannot be stored for later use as the vaccine is no longer effective. The vaccine must be injected (usually under the skin) to work. This can be tricky with tiny chicks, so having someone hold the chicks and another to inject is helpful. Other steps to get the best vaccine protection is to be sure the brooder is clean and disinfected before placing the chicks. Again, keep all dander and debris from the older CONTINUED ON PAGE A25

Marek’s Disease in chickens CONTINUED FROM PAGE A24

birds away from the chicks for at least a week.

Common misperceptions about Marek’s Disease 1. Mix turkeys and chicks together to prevent Marek’s Disease so the chickens will be exposed naturally to turkey herpes virus. This is not correct! Not only will the chickens not get Marek’s Disease protection, but turkeys might be exposed to other common chicken diseases such as Mycoplasma and Blackhead.

2. Don’t vaccinate birds so that the survivors will become resistant. Genetic disease resistance takes decades to develop and so far, has not been successful with Marek’s Disease. If it were successful, one would think the commercial chicken genetic companies would have developed resistant chickens by now.

3. Only vaccinate a few birds and the vaccine will leak and protect the other chickens. This is incorrect.

Every bird needs to get a full dose of vaccine before they become exposed to the actual disease-causing virus. This is the only way to achieve protection.

4. Don’t vaccinate birds because this vaccine is dangerous and might make the chickens ill. If careful mixing of the vaccine in a sanitary manner is not followed, the birds may get a bacterial infection. Wash hands, use a sterile needle, and avoid touching the needle with hands or any soiled object. Use only commercial vaccines. The companies making these vaccines are testing for potency and making sure the vaccine does not become contaminated with other diseases.

Unfortunately, there are only a few companies and veterinary supply outlets selling single vials of Marek’s vaccine to small flock owners. The individual vials contain 1,000 to 5,000 doses of vaccine. This vaccine arrives refrigerated with cold packs as it must never be allowed to warm up while in storage. If it arrives warm, it is no longer effective, and the seller should be called to get replacement product. The vaccine must be refrigerated until it will be used.

The other type of vaccine, which is frozen and kept in liquid nitrogen tanks, is available for hatcheries.

However, this type of product is not practical for most small flock owners.

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page A25

Deadline for advertising in the May 2023 issue is WEDNESDAY, April 26th.

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Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page A26

HAY FOR SALE 40-ton grass hay - small square bales.

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##### Q: What happens when you cross a shark with a cow?

A: I don’t know but I wouldn’t milk it.

~ ~ Private Treaty ~ ~

Black and Red Angus Bulls - Yearling and 2-year-olds These cattle are bred for long lasting maternal traits and moderate birth weights since 1981.

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Contact Browning Angus (406) 486-5040 or (406) 429-7371, Fallon, MT

Is breakfast the most important meal?

By Julie Garden-Robinson, NDSU Extension food and nutrition specialist People who consume breakfast are more likely to meet daily nutrition recommendations.

“It’s the most important meal of the day, of the day. It’s the most important meal of the day, of the day…”

I still remember that song about breakfast that my kids enjoyed when they were little.

Unfortunately, the song was like an earworm that would not leave my brain, even after I ejected the videotape. As I recall, the entire video was filled with fairly annoying songs.

I was kind of happy when our video player finally stopped working.

Years later, I have heard my kids singing about the “most important meal of the day.”

But how important is breakfast, really?

Breakfast literally breaks the fast. During sleep, we are not eating. In very early times of Roman and Greek civilization, breakfast did not involve cooking. The meal was simple and included bread, cheese, honey, oil and maybe even a little wine.

Having alcohol for breakfast is not a current recommendation, by the way.

In early times, breakfast was viewed as an important meal for babies, sick people and perhaps laborers who needed the energy. While people of lower class ate grains, the upper classes had eggs and meat.

As time went on and the science of nutrition evolved, breakfast was recognized as providing needed vitamins, minerals and other nutrients.

In fact, people who consume breakfast are more likely to meet the daily nutrition recommendations. Breakfast has been the subject of international and U.S. studies.

A study done in Europe with 200,000 children showed that that breakfast eaters consumed more fruits and vegetables, had higher vitamin and mineral intake, and drank fewer soft drinks.

In a U.S. study, people who ate breakfast consumed less sugar and more fiber, iron, vitamin C, vitamin A, folic acid and calcium.

A study done in Japan found an increased risk for heart disease and stroke among those that did not consume breakfast regularly Other studies have shown that eating breakfast helps you manage your weight and blood sugar.

If you skip breakfast, does that mean that dire consequences await? You can make up for lost nutrition, but being hungry mid-morning might prompt less healthful decisions at the vending machine. If you want to optimize your nutrition, a healthful breakfast can go a long way toward that goal.

Aim for breakfasts with at least three food groups represented, and try to have some protein. Including a protein source such as eggs, yogurt, milk or meat will help curb your appetite until your next meal opportunity.

Be a nutrition facts label reader if you like cereal. Aim for whole-grain cereal that is higher in fiber and lower in added sugar.

Do you have the same foods for breakfast? These are some ideas to add variety and nutrition to your menu.

Whole-grain cereal with sliced bananas and milk.

Homemade cereal mix with whole-grain cereal, nuts, dried fruit and milk.

Graham crackers with peanut butter and a fruit and yogurt smoothie.

Waffles with fresh strawberries, lean ham and low-fat milk.

Oatmeal with raisins and low-fat milk.

Peanut butter on whole-wheat toast, apple slices and low-fat milk.

Minipizzas made with English muffins, pizza sauce, cheese, Canadian bacon or other toppings and orange juice.

Scrambled eggs, whole-wheat toast, orange slices and low-fat milk.

Leftover pizza, sliced cantaloupe and low-fat milk.

Scrambled eggs with salsa wrapped in tortillas, sliced peaches and low-fat milk.

If time is an issue, set out your bowl and cereal box before bedtime. If you like fresh muffins, measure out the dry ingredients in a bowl and store the mixed liquid ingredients in the refrigerator. In the morning, do a quick mix and bake. Try a smoothie with yogurt, fruit and maybe a handful of spinach. ##### What’s the difference between a guitar and a fish?

You can tune a guitar, but you can’t tuna fish!

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page A27

418 Main, Roundup, MT

1-888-423-2605 or 406-323-2605 Contact us at or www.musselshellvalley.com or www.caseih.com/dealers/musselshellvalley

USED EQUIPMENT

2019 CASE IH RB565 ROUND BALER

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Clean, one owner baler with mesh and twine, 1000 RPM, end- 5x6 baler with mesh and twine wrap. Well maintained unit with less belts, wide pick-up and 21.5Lx16.1 tires. Been through the lots of life left............................................................. $11,856 shop and is ready to go to work. .................................................. ................................................ Good Buy at $50,387

2006 CASE IH MXM190 PRO

Nice MFWD tractor with PowerShift/Powershuttle transmission, 4 remotes, 540/1000 PTO with 3 shafts, heavy duty 3-point, heavy duty drawbar, good rubber, front weight bracket with 12 weights, full service, only 5483 hours........................................... ..................................................... MVE Price $63,764

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2019 CASE IH MAGNUM 180

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2014 CASE IH MAGNUM 210

Very clean one owner tractor. 19x6 full PowerShift transmission with F-N-R Powershuttle, luxury cab, MFWD, 540/1000 PTO (3 shafts), AFS monitor ready, 4 electronic remotes, 360 HID lamp package, 3 electronic mid-mount valves with EI, joystick, 119” bar axle, 30” fronts and 46” rear duals, fully serviced and only 2983 hours................................. MVE Price $120,496

Coming Soon:

2019 Case IH WD1504 with 16-ft. sickle header.

2013 Case IH WD1903 with 16-ft. sickle header.

2009 Case IH WD1903 with 16-ft. rotary header.

Twinstar rugged built rakes are designed to rake two windrows together and for turning hay to speedup drying time prior to baling for high production hay farming, custom operators, dairies raking green chop and raking bio feed stocks. Twinstar Rakes produce consistent uniform windrows and the cleanest hay on the market. Twinstar rakes are designed for precision raking, functionality and built to last. If you’ve tried the rest, now buy the BEST.

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2018 CASE IH MAGNUM 150

with L105 self leveling loader, Class IV front axle, 29.75 GPM CCLS hydraulics, 3 mid mount valves for loader, 3 remotes, suspended cab, 540/1000 PTO, 3-point hitch, 6 rear weights and Rimguard in rears. 2488 hours. Fully serviced and ready to go to work. Book says $104,722......... MVE Price $99,657

DOUBLE EXTENSION TUBES FOR ADDED STRENGTH

G3 SPLIT HOSES WITH JIC FITTINGS FOR SERVICEABILITY

DOUBLE SHEAR ANGLE CYLINDER MOUNT

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OPTIONAL WALKING BEAMS

SELF-ALIGNING IDLER HUBS

OPTIONAL GAUGE WHEELS WITH TORSION AXLE SUSPENSION

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418 Main, Roundup, MT

1-888-423-2605 or 406-323-2605 Contact us at or www.musselshellvalley.com or www.caseih.com/dealers/musselshellvalley

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page A28

Montana Hereford Breeders Anchor Polled Herefords 406-467-2880, Vaughn, MT

Beery’s Land & Livestock Co 406-979-5720, Vida, MT www.beeryherefords.com

Ehlke Herefords

406-439-4311, Townsend, MT www.ehlkeherefords.com

J Bar E Ranch

406-765-7068, Plentywood, MT

Feddes Herefords

Dan 406-570-1602, Manhattan, MT www.feddes.com

K.L. Slagsvold Herefords

K & C Herefords

406-240-9301, Deer Lodge, MT

McMurry Cattle

406-584-7571, Lindsay, MT

406-254-1247, Billings, MT www.mcmurrycattle.com

406-425-2484, Absarokee, MT www.lbarw.com

406-544-1536, Gold Creek, MT

406-778-2320, Plevna, MT www.sparksherefords.com

406-350-3123, Moore, MT www.wichmanherefords.com

L Bar W Cattle Company Sparks Herefords

Thomas Herefords

Wichman Herefords

POLLED HEREFORD BULLS Built in calving ease and performance Sired by: Churchill Oasis 748E, EPHR Elker Leader 958E and SHF Highway F128 Delivery Available Dallas Polled Herefords, Box 532, Canyon Creek, MT 59633 8210 Little Prickly Pear Rd.

or Polled Herefords h c n A

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Don Dallas - 406-410-0406 Cell OR 406-368-2244 Ranch

Quality Bulls - reasonable prices

Select your bulls now and we will feed and deliver them at your convenience this spring

K.L. Slagsvold Herefords Since 1922

Performance tested bulls and heifers

For sale private treaty at the ranch Kenny Lars (406) 584-7571 cell (406) 939-0252 671 Fas 470 • Lindsay, MT 59339

McMURRY CATTLE Added Genetic Balance Trait And Carcass Value ONLY THE BEST SELL Private Treaty Bull Sales

Cooperative agreement and grant application support The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) is offering a new service that assists entities serving underserved agricultural producers and communities with completing applications for funding opportunities. This includes a current funding opportunity for risk management education and outreach projects through USDA’s Risk Management Agency (RMA).

RMA is contracting with Metaphase Consulting, LLC, to provide technical and writing assistance to organizations that serve underserved producers and communities with applying for grants.

“Often individuals and organizations within underserved communities have not been provided the opportunity to develop the professional grant writing skills required for writing effective funding proposals,” says Marcia Bunger, RMA Administrator. “As a result, they are at an inherent disadvantage as they compete with organizations that have the infrastructure, skills and knowledge to draft strong applications. The availability of this service agreement is to provide access for underserved organizations to our funding opportunities.”

Specifically, Metaphase Consulting, LLC, will assist applicants in: Formulating statements of work, performance work statements and statements of objectives.

Completing cooperative agreement award and grant applications.

Project management for those applicants receiving a cooperative agreement award or grant so that recipients meet all the milestones and reporting obligations, abide by proper funds management and burn-rate, and demonstrate successful execution, monitoring and controlling, and project closeout.

This service is available to underserved communities, ag-related non-profits, Tribal colleges and universities, Tribal higher education programs, 1890 Land Grant Universities, Historically Black Colleges and Universities, and Hispanic-Serving Agricultural Colleges and Universities.

RMA encourages interested parties to email rma.risk-ed@usda.gov for more details.

Other agencies, including USDA’s Farm Service Agency, are working to offer a similar service to entities applying for future funding opportunities.

Risk Management Education This new service can assist organizations applying for RMA’s funding for the Risk Management Education (RME) Program.

Currently, $2 million is available for cooperative agreements for risk management education and training programs that support underserved producers. The notice of funding has additional details and can be viewed at https://www.grants.gov/web/grants/viewopportunity.html?oppId=346284. RME applications must be received through the Results Verification System at http://rvs. umn.edu by April 24, 2023.

HP 406 254 1247 Fred & Doreen McMurry Cell 406 697 4040 2027 Iris Lane mcmurrycattle@gmail.com Billings, MT 59102 www.mcmurrycattle.com

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page A29

Loren Hawks, Distributor

2434 Whitlash Road - Chester, MT 59522 Cell phone 406-460-3810 Home phone 406-432-3810

Equip your drill with VW. Call today!

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Over the past couple of years VW Manfacturing has stressed to our customers that securing your product needs early was of utmost importance.

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Full lineup of points for

Bourgault Openers

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Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page A30

PASTURE WANTED Need pasture for 150 pair.

Will divide into smaller groups.

Montana MIWW recap – State Contest and National Event

Phone 406-279-3256, leave message Valier, MT

Gopher Traps by Lee’s TrapWorks • Easy to set • Easy to empty • Built-in stake is part of trap • Kills quickly • Very visible if painted bright color • Traps are sold unpainted, paint them your favorite color • Traps are currently $22 each Canadian and roughly $18 US at today’s exchange rate • Postage for package of 10 traps is around $51 Canadian • Check us out at www.leestrapworks.com Call 306-778-2083 evenings for more information or to order

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Other Items Available Upon Request

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WestBred®, Improving Nature’s Grains and the Wheat design are trademarks of Monsanto Technology, LLC

Group picture – left to right – Shea Ostberg – 2nd Junior; Rose Baeten – 2nd Senior; Briana Baeten – 1st Adult; Rakayle Hier – 4th Senior; Brogan Youngren – 1st Junior; Gracie Phipps – 3rd Junior; Jasmine Powell – 2nd Adult; Kiara Sherman – 1st Senior; Maggie Toeckes – 3rd Senior

The Montana Make It With Wool contest was held recently on December 2-3, 2022 at the Billings Hotel and Convention Center in Billings, Montana, in conjunction with the 139th Annual Montana Woolgrowers Convention.

There were 13 “qualified” sewists able to compete in four categories this year - Junior, Senior, Adult, and Made for Others. The Junior category for those ages 13 to 16 as of January 1st of the contest year had three contestants. They were Shea Ostberg of Fairfield, Gracie Phipps of Brusett, and Brogan Youngren of Ronan. The Senior Division for those ages 17 to 24 was made up of four contestants, namely Rose Baeten of Billings, Rakayle Hier of Lambert, Kiara Sherman of Ronan, and Magdalen Toeckes of Power. There were four qualified contestants in the Adult contest, but only two participated at the State level – Briana Baeten of Billings and Jasmine Powell of Havre.

The Made for Others category had two qualified contestants with no one competing at the State level this year. Qualified means the contestant placed 1st in their category at the District level which makes them eligible to compete at the State level.

After several hours of modeling and construction judging, Bonnie Campbell of Shepherd, Sara Fluer of Billings, and Sue Roberts of Red Lodge, came away with the final placings. Winners and awards were announced during the Woolgrowers’ banquet on Saturday night which featured the MIWW Style Show presented to the theme of “Marshmall‘ewe’ World”.

Montana MIWW gave two specialty awards this year – Exemplary Construction Award and a Machine Embroidery Award.

The Exemplary Construction Award was won by Shea Ostberg with her coat entry.

Shea’s coat was meticulously constructed and she was awarded a set of Gingher scissors for her talent. Kiara Sherman was recognized for her beautiful machine embroidery work on her blazer with the Embroidery Award and received a set of machine embroidery threads with a storage case as her prize.

First place finishers at the Montana MIWW contest were Junior – Brogan Youngren, Senior – Kiara Sherman, and Adult – Briana Baeten. Brogan and Kiara represented Montana to the theme of “Kick up your heels … in Fort Worth” during the at the 75th annual National Make It With Wool competition as part of the 2023 American Sheep Industry (ASI) Convention held January 19-21, 2023, at the Omni Hotel in Fort Worth, Texas. Briana competed in the National contest by mailing in her garment along with a video and photos. In the National MIWW contest there were 21 Junior

contestants, 20 Senior contestants, and 19 Adult contestants representing 31 states.

Junior contestant, Brogan Youngren constructed a sporty yet lightweight wool outfit for her 2022 entry. Brogan likes the look of a jumpsuit and chose a 2-piece top and pants pattern that gives her that look with an unexpected twist. The “twist” included cutting some of the top sections on the bias and a side-button up closing on the front. The back pockets were not part of the pattern but Brogan added them on as every young woman needs a place for her best accessory – her phone! Brogan uses her sewing skills as a Teacher Assistant in the Textiles and Design class at her high school and has several sewing goals this year – a 4-H wardrobe display and sewing her graduation dress as well.

This was Kiara Sherman’s first year in the Senior Division and she definitely impressed the fashion world. The highlight of Kiara’s 3-piece wool ensemble is her charcoal flannel jacket. The jacket embellishes with a colorful machine embroidered motif on the back and lower sleeve. These motifs are a wonderful tie in to her plaid skirt which is a blend of rustic colors. Adding a great accent is the bright, lightweight gaberdine top. The gathers running up the arm of the sleeve are very stylish. Kiara’s ensemble allows her to wear the skirt and top to work and pair the blazer with jeans for a casual weekend. This was Kiara’s 8th year participating in the Make It With Wool program and she says she continues to enjoy exploring the many uses of wool.

Montana’s Adult winner, Briana Baeten continued her practical outdoor wardrobe this year with her wool shirt and pants. A Simplicity pattern inspired Briana’s long sleeve shirt with a western style yoke. The Pendleton plaid was won at a previous MIWW contest, and the yoke is from a left-over piece that she used in last year’s outfit. After an extensive hunt for buttons, Briana decided on western snaps that look like the end of a shell casing. Briana used the snaps on her shirt as well as her pants.

The brown cargo pants are from a modified McCall’s pattern with heavily customized pockets. Briana has participated in the MIWW contest for three years and enjoys creating wool clothing that fits her style and that she can wear everywhere.

Montana’s contestants had a great time in Fort Worth enjoying the warm weather, touring the area, and representing our great state in high fashion. The National contestants took in a couple of workshops including learning how to do needle felting with which they came away with a finished flower design and learned about the Melo CONTINUED ON PAGE A32

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page A31

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Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page A32

Enjoy the Trader’s Dispatch? Please tell our advertisers!

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Montana MIWW recap – State Contest and National Event CONTINUED FROM PAGE A30

project. The contestants also had a choice of tours including the John Wayne Museum/ Old Stockyards or the Cowgirl Museum/ Downtown Fort Worth during their time at Nationals.

When the judging results came in, Kiara placed 4th Runner Up in the Senior Division. She also won the Machine Embroidery Award with her jacket and received a cash award sponsored by Montana’s own LuvEweFarm from Havre, Montana.

Congratulations, Kiara on a job well done!!

Brogran did not place in the top 10 Junior group, but enjoyed her experience at Nationals and is excited to sew again next year.

Briana placed a very respectable 2nd in the Adult category and was thrilled to hear the news!! She is very enthusiastic for next year’s entry.

Henry Lemke of Minnesota won the Junior Division, Saidi Ringenberg of Nebraska won the Senior Division, and Sunni Ellington of Utah won the Adult Division.

The “People’s Choice” Award went to Olivia Frenette of California. The Apparel and Design winner was Estefania Espinola from Houston Community College in Texas.

Some interesting statistics collected from the 2022 MIWW year are that participation is back on the rise with a total of 358 contestants across the nation and split by category with 73 Adult contestants, 48 Seniors, 100 Juniors, 101 PreTeens, and 26 Made for Other entrants. There was a total of 1,131 yards of wool fabric and 233 skeins of wool yarn used to construct the MIWW garment entries for the 2022 year. Montana was 9th in the ranking of 31 states for participation numbers in 2022.

For more information on the Make It With Wool program, please visit and like our Montana Make It With Wool facebook page, Montana Wool Growers Association facebook page or website at mtsheep.org, or email Montana MIWW Director Amanda Powell at aspowell11@hotmail.com.

##### A poor golfer hit an errant tee shot. The ball hooked so badly that it ended up on an adjacent fairway, where it nearly missed another player. When the man who hit the wayward tee shot arrived at his ball, he was met by the irate player, who nearly avoided getting injured. “Your ball just missed me!” yelled the man. “I’m sorry,” came the reply. “I didn’t have time to yell ‘Fore.’” “That’s funny,” the angry golfer said, “as you had plenty of time to yell out profanities.”

##### A man was working in his office supply store when the secretary told hin he had an angry customer on line two. However when he picked up the phone, he was surprised to hear the angry man was Father Mulchahy from the local church.

The priest began by saying, “I’m very upset about the pencils we ordered.”

“What’s the problem?” the man inquired.

“Didn’t you receive them?” “Oh, we received them,” the priest said, “but they were golf pencils, and each was stamped with the words “Play Golf On Sundays.”

View our FULL inventory at www.FrontlineAgSolutions.com

Now is the best time to upgrade your equipment. Don’t wait until you’re in the thick of the busy season to realize that your equipment isn’t going to get the job done! Call or stop in today!

COMBINES

Did your harvest not go as planned with unexpected break downs & expensive service bills? We still have several affordable units to choose from.

2019 John Deere S790 473 hp, 2WD, 671 engine hours, 496 separator hours, Pro Drive transmission with Harvest Smart, advanced PowerCast tailboard, TriStream rotor, fixed speed feederhouse, power folding GT extensions, small wire concaves, 28.5-ft. unloading auger, 1100/45R46 front tires, 710/60R30 rear tires, GPS monitor, display, and Premium Activation. Stock #72735.................. ........................................... $405,000 (1) 2018 John Deere S790 with 857 engine/647 separator hours, Combine Advisor, Active Yield, dual tilt fixed speed feederhouse, leather seat, Premium cab, LED lights, complete GPS system with Premium Activation, regular wear TriStream rotor, advanced PowerCast tailboard, 28.5-ft. unload auger, axle spacers, extended warranty until 12/2023 or 1750 hours. Stock #79419... ................................................................ ........................................... $407,000 (1) 2020 John Deere S780 473 hp, 2WD, Pro Drive transmission, advanced PowerCast tailboard, TriStream rotor, 28.5-ft. unloading auger, Combine Advisor, Premium Activation with Gen 4 monitor and SF6000 receiver, 520-85R 42 tires with duals, and 750/65R26 rear tires. Stock #81411..........$450,000 (12) 2020 John Deere S780 no receiver or extended monitor, 4600 display with AutoTrac Activation, Contour Master with fore & aft, 580/85R42 duals, Combine Advisor, Active Yield, power folding grain tank, 28.5-ft. unloading auger, advanced tailboard, TriStream rotor (standard wear), LED lights, cloth seat, premium radio, sidehill performance kit, small grain cleaning shoe. Stock #80883............................ $427,500 (14)

www.frontlineagsolutions.com

#73426

2019 John Deere S780 580 duals, Active Yield, Combine Advisor, dual display with Premium Activation, 6000 receiver (SF1), manual folding tops, Premium Residue, 28.5-ft. unloading auger, Contour Master with fore/aft, LED lights, small grain wind board, side hill performance kit. Stock #73426..$417,500 (11)

1=Conrad: 888-397-6851 2=Cut Bank: 888-673-9310 3=Choteau: 888-728-9254 4=Dillon: 888-213-2793

2018 John Deere S780 with Premium cab, Command Center with 4600 display, Active Terrain, Active Yield, Pro Drive transmission with HarvestSmart, fixed speed, power folding covers, 28.5ft. unloading auger. Stock #79048.......... ........................................... $337,500 (3) 2019 John Deere S780, extended wear package, premium cab, Combine Advisor, Active Yield, Pro Drive transmission with HarvestSmart, TriStream rotor with extended wear package, power folding covers, 28.5-ft. unloading auger, fine cut chopper, side hill performance package.

Stock #79043.................... $339,000 (1) 2012 John Deere S680 with Yield Monitor, Contour Master, (lateral tilt feederhouse), premium cab with premium radio, AutoTrac, complete with Harvest Monitor, GreenStar 3, 2630 display (mounted on armrest) ProDrive transmission with Harvest Smart feedrate control, heavy duty tilt cylinder, general purpose chaffer and sieve, regular wear (thick skin) 26-ft. (7.9M) unloading auger, fine cut chopper, Advanced PowerCast powered tailboard. Stock #82437.. ......................................... $148,000 (12)

11=Lewistown: 800-823-3373 12=Havre: 800-621-5701 13=Chester: 406-759-5010

14=Great Falls: 888-760-2005 15=Belgrade: 866-282-3337 16=Livingston: 800-824-3932

#82461

2012 John Deere S680, 2WD, 520/85R42 duals, lateral tilt, fixed speed feederhouse (without fore/aft), ProDrive, PowerCast tailboard, TriStream rotor (extended wear), small wire concaves, power fold grain tank covers, 26-ft. auger, basic radio, air seat, standard lighting and extremity lights, SF 3000 7” CommandARM, AT activation. Stock #82461.............................. $147,500 (1) 2017 John Deere S680, ProDrive transmission, fixed speed drive, heavy duty dual tilt cylinders, premium cab and radio, premium LED light package, Active Terrain adjust, TriStream Rotor, power folding grain tank covers, 26-ft. unload auger, advanced PowerCase tailboard, IF900/60R32 drive tires, 750/65R26 rear tires. Stock #82387.... $282,500 (2) 2008 John Deere 9770STS level land, HiTorq variable speed feederhouse, deluxe header control with header height sensing, general purpose chaffer, 22-ft. unload auger, 900/60R32 drive tires, 28L-26 rear tires. Stock #81779............. ............................................. $78,000 (3) 2010 John Deere 9670STS 2WD, 800/70R38 singles, Contour Master, fixed speed, small wire concaves, chopper/spreader, 26-ft. auger, deluxe header controls. Stock #82916......... $92,500 (12) 2010 Case IH 7120 small grain combine, 2WD, 900/30R-32 singles, spreader, yield monitor, rock trap. Stock #81914............... ............................................. $85,000 (12) 2005 Case IH 2388 small grain combine, 4788/3628 hours, internat chopper, rock trap, 305.L-32 tires=80%. no rear weights, 2 feederhouse cylinder, no GPS................ ............................................. $34,000 (14)

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page A33

View our FULL inventory at www.FrontlineAgSolutions.com

Now is the best time to upgrade your equipment. Don’t wait until you’re in the thick of the busy season to realize that your equipment isn’t going to get the job done! Call or stop in today!

4WD, ROW CROP AND UTILITY TRACTORS Spring is just around the corner. Take a look at our selection of 4WD, loader, utility and row crop tractors that we have available!

Anything to match your operation and budget!

2008 Case IH Steiger 535 Quadtrac with 535 hp, Cummins QSX15 6-cylinder engine, 3-point hitch, rear tracks in good condition, 4 rear hydraulic remotes, clean cab. Stock #82884... $257,500 (1) 2021 John Deere 5090E utility tractor with MFWD, cab, 24/12 Power Reverser, 18.4x30 rear tires, PTO, 3 SCVs, dual mid SCV, deluxe cornerpost exhaust, loader prep package. Stock #82968....... ............................................. $68,000 (4) 2014 John Deere 6715 with standard cab, MFWD, PowrQuad 16/16 with LH reverser, 18.4x38 rear, 14.9x24 front tires, 3 SCVs, rear PTO 540/1000, loader with bucket, 129 hp. Stock #82997................ ............................................. $59,900 (4) 2022 John Deere 6155R with AQ Plus 20 speed transmission, triple link front suspension, 640R loader (MSL) with 5 tine grapple, AutoTrac ready, no receiver, 4200 display/processor with AutoTrac unlock, premium cab with suspension, Panorama glass roof with deluxe light package, 3 ESCV remotes, 480/80R42 rear with fender extensions, 420/85R28 fronts with turnable front fenders, Cold Start II, heated rear window, 1800 lb. rear weights inside rear tire. Stock #84571............................ $235,000 (14) 2012 John Deere 8360RT 360 hp, row crop track tractor with 16” tracks, (very good condition), IVT, 4 SCVs, 3-point, 1000 PTO, 60 gpm hydraulic pump, deluxe cab, work lights, 22 front weights, 80” track spacing, no GPS included.

Has rebuilt transmission, hydraulic pump, and engine harness completed this winter. Stock #79965.. $139,000 (4)

#82603 2021 John Deere 6175M row crop tractor, MFWD, 20/20 Powergard transmission, AutoTrak ready, 3 SCVs, 540/1000 PTO, 480/80R46 rear tires, 420/85R30 front tires, light package, loader ready.

Stock #82603.................. $172,000 (15) 2020 John Deere 6175M 20 speed Power Quad, 660R loader, bucket and grapple, AutoTrac ready (no display, receiver or activation), 3 mechanical SCVs, 540/1000 PTO, 3-point, Firestone tires, comprehensive Powergard warranty until June 4, 2024, or 4000 hours. Stock #84331.............................$157,500 (11) 1994 John Deere 7200 MFWD, 16-speed Power Quad, right hand reverser, 2 SCVs, 3-point, 540/1000, cab corner exhaust, 18.4-38 & 16.9R26=30%, no cast weight, fluid tires, new seat cushions will be installed 740SL loader with bucket and grapple. Stock #83992......... ........................................... $45,000 (14)

SELF PROPELLED SPREADERS & SPRAYERS

Several used John Deere and competitive self-propelled sprayers and applicators in stock! Variety of boom and widths available.

Several units are ready to roll with turnkey GPS!

#81278

#82879 2020 John Deere R4060 with 120-ft. steel boom, 20” nozzle spacing, automatic solution control, JD ExactApply, hi flow pump with dual flow meter, boom air purge, full boom breakaway, SS tank.

Stock #82879.................... $393,000 (1) 2006 John Deere 4920 120-ft. SS boom, 15” nozzle spacing, 7 boom sections, 5 nozzle bodies, 5 sensor boom track, hydraulic tread adjust, eductor, 3” fill dual flow meters, L/R end nozzles, radar, Xenon lights, fenders, 380/105R50 tires - 10% to 20%, AutoTrac ready, brown display only for sprayer functions, would need GS2, GS3 or Gen4 with AutoTrac and section control and a receiver.

Stock #83830.................... $67,500 (14) 2017 New Holland SP295F with 120-ft. booms, 20” spacing, 1200 gallon stainless steel tank, Intellisteer ready, Raven Viper 4 receiver, Viper Pro, hydraulic tread adjust, traction control, new engine and other. Stock #78627.................. ........................................... $215,000 (2) 2003 Case IH SPX3150 with 90-ft. boom, 750 gallons, 20” spacing, 2 nozzles, hydraulic tread adjust, Starfire 3000, 2600 display, AutoTrac and swath control, 320 tires. Stock #84262..... $50,000 (15) 2012 Terragator TG8400 spreader, 70-ft. boom, CVT transmission, single box, section control, electric roll tarp, Raven GPS, foam marker. Stock #79261........... ..........................................$110,000 (11) 2007 Peterbilt PB335 300 cu. ft. Magnasspread fertilizer spreader with roll tarp. Mounted on 2007 Peterbilt truck body, 335 diesel engine, 10 speed transmission. Has Raven auto rate control components. Stock #83814............... ............................................. $98,000 (1)

Apache AS1220 with 120-ft. booms, 20” spacing, boom leveling, Raven Viper 4 rate controller, VF380/90R46 tires.

Stock #81278.....................$118,900 (1) 2007 Terragator 8204 fertilizer spreader, stainless boom, section control, AirMax 1000 box, 6 cylinder Cat engine, 330 hp, 11/3 Terrashift transmission. Stock #83180...............................$69,000 (11)

1=Conrad: 877-278-5531 2=Cut Bank: 800-273-5530 3=Choteau: 866-466-5741 4=Dillon: 888-213-2793

2010 John Deere 7130 standard series tractor with MFWD, 18.4R38 rears, 13.6R28 fronts, 16 speed Power Quad with LH reverser, steel rear wheels, flanged axle vertical exhaust, air seat, rear worklight, rear wiper/washer, 3 SCVs, telescoping draft links, includes JD 640R loader Serial #1P0640RXCKC010458 self leveling with bucket and grapple and joystick control. Stock #84695.............................. $64,500 (16) 2012 John Deere 7280R with premium cab with suspension, guidance, IVT transmission, 4 SCVs, 540/1000 PTO, Cat 3/3N 3-point hitch, triple link suspension, dual 520/85R46 rear tires and single 420/85R34 front tires, front fenders, loader ready with JD 480 loader-bucket and grapple, rear weights.

Stock #84755.................. $165,000 (15) 2020 John Deere 8320R 320 hp row crop tractor with IVT transmission, 6 SCVs, 85 GPM hydraulic pump, 4600 Processor-Starfire 6000 receiver, front and rear weights, 3-point hitch with Quik Coupler, 1000 PTO, 480/80R50 rear tires with duals, 420/85R34 front tires with duals.

Stock #78854.................... $339,000 (4) 1997 John Deere 8400 tractor, 250 hp, MFWD, rear duals, 4 rear SCVs, 20 front weights, 1000 PTO, 7067 hours.

Stock #83239.....................$84,000 (11)

www.frontlineagsolutions.com

#83132

2021 John Deere 8R370 row crop tractor with Signature Edition, IVT with independent link suspension, air seat with cab suspension, 84 gpm hydraulic pump, 6 SCVs, 1000 PTO, Cat 4 3-point Quik Coupler, 520/85R46 rear duals, 480/70R34 front duals, front fenders, weights - front and rear. Includes 4600 display with 3.0 AutoTrac Activation (no SF6000 receiver). Stock #83132............ ........................................... $457,500 (1) 2013 Massey-Ferguson 7624 Classic with cab, self-leveling loader with bucket and grapple, MFWD with suspension, IVT, rear 540/1000 PTO, 4 SCVs, rear fenders, duals, rear weights. Stock #81856............................ $120,000 (15) 2010 John Deere 8225R IVT transmission, ILS, AutoTrac ready, 3-point hitch, PTO, rear duals, 4 SCVs. Stock #84749.............................$165,000 (11) 1994 John Deere 4955 cab, MFWD, PowerShift, 3 SCVs, 1000 PTO, nearly new tires all around, fender, 3-point. Stock #84806......................................$59,500

DRILLS & SEEDERS

Check out our selection of good used seeding tools for spring.

2022 John Deere N560 no-till air drill with 60-ft. 10” spacing, Pro Series opener with TruSet down pressure control, single shoot, narrow spoked gauge wheel, crumbler closing wheel, JD relative flow blockage, 430 tow between 1910 cart (no section control), 2 black and 1 green roller, 12-ft. conveyor with KSI flip over hopper. Stock #84739..... $425,000 (14) 2011 John Deere 1890, 60-ft. 10” disc drill, narrow solid gauge wheel, smooth firming wheel, 430 tow between cart with mechanical drive, 12” conveyor, John Deere All Run Blockage. Stock #75416. ......................................... $145,000 (12) 2019 John Deere 1830 60-ft., 7.5” spacing, 8 run, all run blockage, 1” points, steel press wheels, 550 bu. toe behind tank, single shoot, 10” auger, hydraulic drive (less section command) big singles on cart. Stock #84830.$225,000 (1) 2013 John Deere 1830 61-ft. drill, 12.5” spacing, single shoot, 4” capped steel press wheels, All Run Blockage, dual wing wheels, JD boots and 1”JD carbide points, 350 bushel 1910 cart, hydraulic drive, variable rate, 6 run, single front casters, 30.5-32 rear singles, 10” auger, two green meter rollers, cart SN 1A81910HVDF755183. Stock #83548... ......................................... $120,000 (14)

2015 Case IH 700/3430 60-ft. air drill, 10” spacing, single shoot, big tire packers, 1” points, tow between 3430 cart, 3 compartment tank. Stock #84475........... ............................................. $96,000 (1)

#83627

2005 Case IH ATX4812 drill, 48-ft. wide, 12” spacing, rubber packer wheels, 1” tips, includes 3380 tow behind cart.

Stock #83627...................... $36,500 (1) 2019 Brillon SSB12 12” end wheel drill, grass boxes and alfalfa boxes, double cultipacker, mechanical rate control, approximately 250 acres on drill. Stock #84169...............................$22,500 (11) 2004 John Deere 1700 corn planter with 30” spacing, rigid frame, finger pickup, 1.6 bushel hoppers, tine tooth incorporators, 6 row command. Planter is built on 8 row bar, new disks last season.

Stock #83964.................... $16,500 (16)

www.frontlineagsolutions.com

11=Lewistown: 800-823-3373 12=Havre: 800-621-5701 13=Chester: 406-759-5010

14=Great Falls: 888-760-2005 15=Belgrade: 866-282-3337 16=Livingston: 800-824-3932

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page A34

The deadline for advertising in the May 2023 issue of the Trader's Dispatch will be April 26th.

Phone (406) 271-5533 or email: advertising @tradersdispatch.com

RUSTIC LOG CABIN FOR SALE Montana rustic one room log cabin, 18-ft. x 18-ft. x 17 1/2-ft. first growth logs, crafted by hand using hand tools, no nails.

Phone (406) 494-3954

To discover how one or both of these systems can benefit you, call us today at (406) 492-8229

Make sure your “basket” will be full.

Stop by your hometown bank and start saving today!!

Local ownership – ­ Local Decisions

Recipe Patch by Geri Cabbage Rolls This is a family recipe for cabbage rolls that goes back more than 80 years. I have made modifications to this recipe to enhance the taste and flavor. These cabbage rolls freeze well.

2 cups uncooked long-grain rice 4 cups water 2 large heads savoy cabbage 1 cup water 2 onions, chopped 3 tablespoons butter ¾ cup uncooked long-grain rice 1 pound extra-lean ground beef ½ pound pork sausage 4 cloves garlic, minced 2 teaspoons dried dill weed ¾ teaspoon salt ½ teaspoon ground black pepper ½ teaspoon white sugar 1 (28 ounce) can whole peeled tomatoes, with liquid 1 (26 ounce) can condensed tomato soup 8 bay leaves Wash rice thoroughly. Combine rice with 4 cups water in a medium saucepan; bring to a boil. Reduce heat, cover, and simmer until all of the water is absorbed, about 20 minutes.

Meanwhile, remove cabbage cores using a thin, long knife.

Place one cabbage in a microwave-proof container with the cored part facing down. Pour 1/2 cup water into the container, cover, and microwave on high for 10 minutes.

Carefully turn cabbage over, and cook, covered, for an additional 10 minutes. Let cabbage sit until it is cool enough to handle, then separate leaves carefully and remove any tough ribs. Cook the second cabbage in the same manner.

Sauté 1/2 of the onions in 3 tablespoons butter; cook just until translucent (do not brown). Combine the cooked and uncooked rice, cooked and uncooked onions, ground beef, pork sausage, garlic, dill weed, salt, black pepper, and sugar in a large mixing bowl. Mix until incorporated.

Spoon about 2 tablespoons of mixture onto each cabbage leaf. Bring one end of the cabbage leaf over the mixture, rolling and tucking in the ends to prevent the filling from falling out.

Preheat the oven to 350 degrees F (175 degrees C). Place leftover cabbage leaves on the bottoms of two 9x13-inch casserole dishes. Arrange cabbage rolls in a single layer so they are tight against each other.

Purée tomatoes and condensed tomato soup in a food processor or blender. Pour tomato mixture over the cabbage rolls until just covered. Place 4 bay leaves on top of sauce in each dish. Cover each dish tightly with foil.

Bake in the preheated oven for 2 hours. Remove from the oven and let cool for 15 minutes before removing the foil.

Serve hot.

Pork Stirfry

1 pound pork loin or boneless pork chops 2 Tbsp soy sauce 1 tsp sugar 1 tsp cornstarch 4 Tbsp canola oil 5 cloves garlic, thinly sliced 8-12 medium scallions, sliced into 1 to 2-inch pieces, green and white parts 1/2 tsp sesame oil, optional Cooked rice, to serve Cut pork into 1/2-inch-thick slices.

Put the slices under some plastic wrap or wax paper and pound them thin with a meat mallet. The slices should be about 1/4 inch thick.

Cut the pork across the grain into thin strips, about 1 1/2 inches long.

Put the soy sauce, sugar, and cornstarch into a large bowl and whisk to combine. Add the pork strips to the bowl with the marinade and toss to coat completely. Set aside for at least 10 minutes.

Heat the oil in a wok or large sauté pan on high heat.

When the oil is hot (shimmering but not smoking) add the garlic slices and stir-fry until they begin to turn brown at the edges, about 30 seconds.

Add the pork strips and stir-fry until the pork changes color, about 90 seconds, stirring constantly.

Add the sliced green onions and continue to stir-fry for another minute, or until the green onions wilt. Turn off the heat and stir in the sesame oil, if using.

Serve immediately over rice.

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page A35

Garden hints • Punch holes in the bottom of old plastic or paper cups and use to plant seeds.

• Make a small propagator from an old plastic candy jar. Lay it horizontally and place a plant tray inside, then replace the lid.

• Cut the base of clear plastic soft-drink bottles to make a mini cloche to protect planted-out seedlings from slugs and cold.

Unscrew the tops gradually to acclimatize plants to cooler air.

• Cut cardboard milk cartons in half horizontally to plant sweet corn, beans, sweet peas, etc. When planting out, cut the sides away with scissors to avoid damaging the roots.

• Plastic cartons that takeout food comes in make excellent seed trays for standing pots on in cold frames.

• Cardboard egg cartons are excellent for planting individual seeds, one per hole. When planting out the seedlings, cut the box into its compartments and plant each in the ground; the cardboard is biodegradable and will disintegrate.

• When sowing fine seeds, mix with sand for easier sowing.

• Leave cans of water to warm up in a greenhouse to water tender seedlings.

• Soak seeds in a cup of cool tea, then place into the refrigerator for three days to prepare them for planting.

• When growing sweet peas from seed, fill a pot two-thirds full with compost and water well, then top up with dry compost. Plant seeds ½” (1 cm) beneath the surface of the compost. This way the seeds will draw up as much water as required and will not rot.

• To enhance the germination of morning glory or lupin seeds, nick each seed with a pair of nail clippers.

Place the seeds on a lightly dampened paper towel, fold the towel over, and place inside a plastic zipper bag for a day or so before planting.

Powdered wigs In the 18th century, hygiene was hardly what it is today, and head lice were a rampant problem, so wigs were worn to cover shaved heads. But powdered wigs themselves were hotbeds for lice, roaches, and other critters. Still, wigs were worn until the end of the 18th century when an expensive tax on white powder made the trend die down.

1986 Cat D4H dozer, 6-way blade, high tracks, 3014 Cat diesel, ROPS, excellent undercarriage, clean, ready to work......................... Call

Glendive, MT • www.badlandtrucksales.com

2011 Ford F550 crew cab, 4x4, gas motor, automatic, 12-ft. flatbed with toolboxes and lumber rack, one owner, ex-municipal truck, very clean............................................... Call

Serving the Montana, Dakota and Wyoming regions, and beyond, with an extensive selection of reliable used trucks and equipment since 1998!

2001 Freightliner Fl80 flatbed with stake racks, 22-ft. bed, rear lift gate, Cat diesel, Allison automatic, air ride suspension, 156,000 miles, rust free truck............................... Call

1986 Case W11B mini front end loader, 3.9 Cummins diesel, Powershift transmission, GP bucket, 629 hours, one owner, (full factory cab available), clean........................ Call

2008 International 7500 boom truck, diesel, Allison automatic, Terex Commander 7000 boom, remote control, outriggers, 18-ft. flatbed with stake racks, 102,000 miles, absolutely like new condition.......................... Call

2005 Yale GDP120MJ forklift, 12,000 lb. capacity, 197” lift, 3 stage mast, diesel, 4200 hours........................................................... Call

1992 Sullair 185 CFM towable air compressor, John Deere diesel, dual hose reels, 120 volt generator, 2900 hours, one owner... Call

2003 International 7400 cab & chassis 4x4, DT466 diesel, 9 speed manual, heavy specs, rust free only 67,000 miles..................... Call

2008 Ford F550 4x4 service truck, crew cab, diesel, hydraulic wet kit with tool circuit, high end service body, west coast clean, very nice......................................................... Call

2006 Sullivan D185Q towable air compressor, John Deere diesel, 185 CFM, 125 PSI, extended tongue, ex municipal machine, hose real, hose, and air wand included, 303 actual hours ........................................... Call

1997 Ford F450 mechanics truck, 7.3 Powerstroke diesel, automatic, 3200 lb. auto crane, service body/flatbed, air/heat, 126,000 miles....... Call 2007 Mauldin MG 618 motor grader, 19,000 lb. machine weight, 133 HP, diesel, articulated, full cab, air/heat, 10-ft. mold board, only 940 hours. Like new............................... Call

1997 John Deere 772CH motor grader, 14-ft. mold board, 6x6 rear ripper, front push block, powershift transmission, clean, one owner/ ex government machine with 7,700 hours....... Call

2007 Case 621D front end wheel loader, auxiliary 3rd valve hydraulics, 4 + 1 bucket, 5.9 Cummins diesel, ZF transmission. Air conditioning/Heat, one owner, ex city machine with only 2,200 original hours....... Call 1990 Case W14C front end loader, auxiliary 3rd valve hydraulic, 4 + 1 bucket, working air conditioning and heat, 5.9 Cummins diesel, new tires, one owner/ ex government machine very clean........................................Call 1995 International Paystar 5000 snowplow truck, 4x4, M11 Cummmins diesel, 13 speed transmission, locking rear end, heavy spec plow truck, 11-ft. dual direction plow, side wing plow, stainless steel live floor sander, everything big, complete......................... Call

2004 Belshe DT235-2AP flatbed tandem dual equipment trailer, 25-ft. long, 23,500 lb.

GVWR, air brakes, flip over ramps......... Call

1988 Ford FT900 tandem axle dump truck, 7.8 diesel, 653 Allison automatic, 14-ft. dump bed, rear pintle hitch, rust free, affordable, tandem axle dump truck,76,000 miles.... Call

1997 John Deere 624H front end wheel loader, 3 yard general purpose bucket, Autoshift, differential lock, one owner, ex-municipal, tight/clean, rust free California machine, 6400 hours................................................ Call

2002 John Deere 744H front end wheel loader, Quick Attach, 4 1/2 yard general purpose bucket, ride control, 280 hp, 53,000 lb. machine, one owner, ex-municipal machine, 9600 hours.............................................. Call

1993 International 4800 digger derrick, 4x4, DT466 diesel, Allison automatic, Altec boom, rust free, (will separate chassis)............. Call

1992 Ford L8000 garbage/refuse truck, 15 yard rear load Scranton Manufacturing body, new 5.9 Cummins diesel, new 653 Allison automatic, 100% rust free, clean/straight affordable garbage truck............................ Call

1986 Case W14 front end wheel loader, general purpose bucket, full cab, heat, removable rear backhoe, auxiliary 3rd valve hydraulics, ex-government machine, 1100 hours....................................................... Call

2012 ford F550 4x4, bucket/chipper dump truck, Terex LT38 articulated, telescopic over center boom, 43-ft. reach, dump box, cab guard, insulated boom, gas motor, automatic, 53,000 miles................................. Call

2013 Ingersoll Rand/Doosan P425/375 air compressor, dual pressure , 425 CFM, Cummins diesel, cold weather package, air dryer, 2400 hours.............................................. Call

1998 Onan 125 kw generator, 120/240/480 volt, 1-3 phase, 8.3 Cummins diesel, only 147 hours................................................ Call

1992 GMC 7500 topkick bucket truck with chipper dump body, Altec LR11-55 boom, 60-ft reach, Cat diesel, Allison automatic, rust free, 75,000 miles............................ Call 2019 Evcore carousel/pipe spool trailer, turntable with adjustable center hub and fairleads, 3500# GVWR, 5 hole wheels, light package..... Call

2003 International 7400 snowplow dump truck, DT570 diesel (pre-emissions), 10 speed manual, 11-ft. dual direction front plow, passenger side wing plow, 11-ft. dump bed, plumbed for sander, complete........ Call

1997 Alloy ATCFF-20 flatbed pup trailer, 20-ft. bed, steel composition, stake pockets, winches, clean, rust free trailer............... Call

2008 Sterling AT9500 truck tractor, 60 Series Detroit diesel, 550 hp., 13 speed, full locking rear ends, 46,000 lb. rears, double frame, 121,000 actual miles, pristine condition. None Nicer!..................................... Call

1998 Dodge W2500 4x4 regular cab, utility truck, 5.9 Cummins diesel, automatic, 8-ft. service body, one owner, 156,000 miles, clean/straight truck................................. Call

2003 Freightliner FL70 mechanics/service truck, Cat diesel, Allison automatic, PTO driven, 160 CFM air compressor, IMT 1007 Crane, enclosed service body, low miles................... Call

1986 Great Dane GCD-2 trailer dolly, 25,000 lb. GVWR, spring suspension, 95% brakes... ............................................................... Call

1994 Fruehauf PSD-T-2-40W stepdeck trailer, 40-ft. bed, 11-ft. upper, 29-ft. lower, 102” wide, steel composition, air ride suspension, rust free, clean/straight ex-municipal trailer... ............................................................... Call 1990 Clark GPS15 shop forklift, 3000# capacity, 122” lift, dual stage, propane motor.

3300 hours Call

Call today for prices and more info. Check out our website for more units. www.badlandtrucksales.com

2009 Vermeer BC100 wood chipper, 12” self feed, 4 cylinder diesel, ex municipal machine with only 571 hours..................................... Call

1992 Dorsey 45-ft. flatbed trailer, air ride suspension, set up for donkey forklift, closed tandem, stake pockets, pristine rust free condition....................................................... Call

2000 IHC 2574 Truck Tractor, C10 Caterpillar (305 hp), 4560P Allison transmission, 5th wheel, ex government truck with only 36,000 original miles............................................... Call

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page A36

DOUBLE DISK DRILLS FOR SALE John Deere 9350 double disk drills, 40-ft., 6” spacing, grass/grain/fertilizer.

Will split into 8-ft., 16-ft., or 24-ft. sections.

Phone (406) 289-0285, Conrad, MT

Upcoming Auctions May 20, 2023

Jack Hirschy Livestock & Harrington Ranches Inventory Reduction Auction To be held in Wisdom, Montana Complete list in May issue of Traders Dispatch

June 3, 2023

23rd Annual Farm & Ranch Equipment Auction Beaverhead County Fair Grounds Complete list in May issue of Traders Dispatch

July 8, 2023

Ken Grose Construction Estate Auction

Beaverhead County Fair Grounds Complete list in June issue of Traders Dispatch

Tom and Cindy Barnes

406-660-2792 or 406-660-2374 Barnes Auction Service Website: www.barnesauctionservice.com

Keyhole Steel Brace System

With over 40 years of experience, we specialize in large ranch projects and offer competitive pricing. Available exclusively through Gateway Arch & Fence, our Keyhole Brace System alleviates 100% of the torching, plasma cutting, and welding typically done while building running H braces and corners.

While safety is a huge issue, time is of the essence when building fence.

The Keyhole Brace System allows one person to drive and assemble a full corner in under thirty minutes. A two person team can fully set posts, cut rails, and wire a corner in close to 10-15 minutes. A simple H brace can be done in five minutes.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EEi7qf61i1E

Prepare for changes in purchasing livestock antimicrobials

Beginning in June of 2023, livestock owners will need a prescription from a licensed veterinarian to purchase all medically important antimicrobial drugs, says Dr. Gerald Stokka, North Dakota State University Extension veterinarian and livestock stewardship specialist. Currently, there are several antibiotics sold over-the-counter (OTC) that do not require a veterinary prescription to purchase.

The changes being implemented in 2023 are the latest in a plan put into place in 2012 by the Food and Drug Administration. At that time, the FDA recommended limiting the use of antimicrobial drugs that are considered necessary for assuring animal health to include veterinary oversight or consultation.

Following this guidance, in 2013, recommendations regarding the transition of medically important antimicrobials administered through feed and water required either a veterinary feed directive (VFD) or a prescription status.

This guidance resulted in the use of these products now being authorized by a veterinarian within a veterinary client patient relationship (VCPR). The new labels implementing this policy went into effect in January 2017.

The most recent guidance document pertains to transitioning the sale and use of the remaining medically important, OTC antimicrobials to prescription status. Once the recommendations have been fully implemented, all dosage forms of medically important antimicrobials approved for use in animals can only be administered under a prescription from a licensed veterinarian with a VCPR and only when necessary for the treatment, control or prevention of specific diseases.

The most common products in this category include penicillin (both procaine and procaine/benzathine formulations), all oxytetracycline products including 100, 200 and 300 mg/ ml injectable formulations, and the sulfa class of antimicrobials. A list of all products changing to prescription status can be found at https://www.fda.gov/animal-veterinary/ antimicrobial-resistance/list-approved-new-animal-drugapplications-affected-gfi-263.

“Antimicrobials for use in livestock can be purchased from a veterinary clinic or from a registered animal health retail facility,” says Dr. Stokka. “The veterinarian with which your operation has a VCPR will need to provide a prescription to the retail operation to allow for the purchase.

“This VCPR implies a relationship with the operation, knowledge of the operation and knowledge of the animals’ need for antimicrobial treatment,” adds Dr. Stokka.

The retailer, if not already registered with the state of North Dakota as an animal health retail facility, will need to apply through the North Dakota Board of Pharmacy. In addition, one person associated with the facility must be registered as a veterinary dispensing technician to assure documentation and proper product labeling.

After June 11, all new product entering distribution channels that was formerly purchased OTC, must be labeled as prescription products. However, the FDA intends to allow existing inventory of OTC-labeled product that may already be in distribution channels to deplete.

New inventory with changes that reflect the change from OTC status will be labeled with new labels indicating prescription status. The wording is as follows, “Caution: Federal law restricts this drug to use by or on the order of a licensed veterinarian.” This statement must appear on the container label.

Animal owners still have access to medically important antimicrobials to address animal health issues in consultation with their veterinarian to obtain a prescription. Drug sponsors, which means drug manufacturers, have two years to voluntarily comply with the guidance. This voluntary compliance began in June of 2021.

“The livestock industry continues to respond to changes regarding the use of antimicrobials,” says Dr. Stokka. “We have adopted the concept of judicious use as part of our commitment to antimicrobial stewardship, and the careful and responsible management of antimicrobial resources.

The principles are simple: use only when necessary, and use under the direction of a veterinarian with a valid VCPR.” ##### Advice is like a pot of chili: You should try a little of it yourself before you give anybody else a taste.

– Texas Bix Bender

##### Never interfere with another man’s dog unless the dog is about to attach himself to your leg.

– Texas Bix Bender

Trader’s Dispatch,April 2023 — Page A37

A Blueprint® for every stage of life

• Seedstock • Conception/Gestation • Calving • Weaning • Growing/Delveoping

• Enhanced Fertility The Blueprint® team has put together the most transparent animal nutrition program on today’s market. Blueprint® products contain 100% organic trace minerals • Immune Health made from the highest quality, most research-proven trace mineral available.

• Genetic Potential These products go beyond just meeting trace mineral requirements – their superior & Loose Mineral

bioavilability supports exceptional animal performance and health. Blueprint is targeted nutrition, without escess, for peak performance.

University research and on-ranch demonstrations combined have shown feeding Blueprint® can deliver positive results across many ares of production.

MORE CALVES • HEAVIER CALVES • HEALTHIER CALVES

BTI Feeds

Call toll-free 1-800-873-0336 — Local 406-873-4433 Highway 2 East, Across from railroad crossing, Cut Bank Bulk Plant toll-free 1-888-878-2812 — Local 406-873-2812

Keep adding pounds this spring with BGF-30

Protein is often the first limiting nutrient on most forage programs, minerals and vitamins play an important role in helping cows stay healthy and in maintaining reproductive efficiency.

CRYSTAL-PHOS™ is a weather and waste proof mineral supplement that cows will consume readily along with BGF-30™. Place a BGF-30™ barrel with every 20-30 head of cows and a CRYSTAL-PHOS® barrel for approximately every 40-70 head. Studies have shown that cows will consume mineral better from CRYSTAL-PHOS. Try the “combo” program ~ it works!

Taylor’s Farm Store Ben Taylor Valier Farm Store toll-free 1-888-220-5547 — Local 406-434-5547 Bulk Plant toll-free 1-800-824-8366 — Local 406-434-5546 Chemical Warehouse 406-434-5253 — Store on Highway #2 in Shelby

Call toll-free 1-866-279-3360 Store & Bulk Plant 406-279-3365 – Shop 406-279-3693 Cut Bank Highway - Valier - Highway 44 East

SPECIAL ORDER YOUR TAGS EARLY! They are taking longer than normal to get in.

CALL TODAY! See BTI Feeds in Cut Bank for…

Full Line of Calving Supplies

Bunk feeders - Gates - Panels Handling systems IN STOCK! Call Us for Prices

STEEL STOCK TANKS Continuous fence that is: Bigger - Stronger - Less Expensive 5- & 6-rail—20-ft. x 48”

39% more steel per panel than conventional fence.

Larger, stronger, heavier pipe. More attractive

GRADE 5 & 8 BOLTS NUTS WASHERS 1/4” - 3/4”

Available at Goulds Jet & Submersible Pump Water Systems Taylor Farm Store

WOOD PELLETS

10%

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When you buy pellets by the ton

Roller chain We make up hydraulic hoses Sprockets - Hubs in our Shelby & Valier stores Milk House & Ceramic Heaters

Nichols Sweeps Conventional, Ultrawing Klip Wing and conventional sweeps, spikes and drill shoes at Taylor’s Farm Store, Shelby

On Sale Now

Solve rodent problems with “Gladiator”

15% off PROPANE Installations • Delivery

• Inspections all gallons Call 1-800-824-8366 paint

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page A38

We’d appreciate it if you tell an advertiser you read his ad in the Trader’s Dispatch.

TRACTOR FOR SALE Case 2294 tractor, 6210 hours, Ezee-On loader with grapple (less than 20 hours use), Leon 9-ft. snow blade, delivery available.................................................$30,500 Phone (406) 925-1950

MT Tractors Call (406) 370-6362 - Stevensville, MT Email: penderfarms@aol.com

COMING IN

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John Deere 7430 MFWD tractor, P/Q, LHR, very nice...$72,500

Check our web site: mttractors.com

FARM EQUIPMENT FOR SALE

2008 John Deere 7930 with new John Deere 700M loader, new rubber, front axle suspension, 20 speed, left hand reverser, bucket and bale spear, 6250 hours.............$137,500

2020 John Deere W260 with 16-ft. 500R header, Pivot Pro and Auto Trac activations, warranty left, 975/825 hours............$167,500

2018 John Deere W235 with 16-ft. 500R header, V10 conditioners, Pivot Pro and Auto Trac activations, 1350/875 hours....$156,500

Ways to minimize scours in young calves

By Lisa Moser, K-State Research and Extension news service The importance of limiting exposure to disease has been top of mind for folks these past few years and many of the prevention strategies also apply to livestock, specifically newborn calves, said Kansas State University veterinary experts on a recent Cattle Chat podcast.

“Prevention and early detection are two keys in reducing the spread of disease in newborn calves,” said Brad White, veterinarian.

One disease that is of great concern for newborn calves is scours, otherwise known as diarrhea, said veterinarian Bob Larson.

“Scours often impacts calves in the first month of life because of their developing immune system, and if they lose too many electrolytes, they can develop metabolic acidosis, which can be fatal if not promptly treated,” Larson said.

“Once the calves reach a month of age, they are much more resilient to the severe effects of scours.”

Larson said the disease typically spreads through animalto-animal transmission, but this risk can be minimized depending on how the cows and calves are managed during the calving season.

“Keeping the older calves away from the newborns is one management strategy to reduce the likelihood of disease spread,” Larson said. “A calf that is a few weeks of age tends to shed a lot of germs, putting the newborns at risk.”

The veterinarians recommend having multiple calving pastures. In this system, every 2-3 weeks the pregnant cows are moved to a new location thereby leaving the cow-calf pairs in the pasture where they calved White said.

“By moving the pregnant cows to a new pasture, producers can be sure those calves are being born in a clean environment,” he said.

Another management strategy is to focus sanitation and age-separation efforts on calves born to heifers since these calves are less likely to consume enough high-quality colostrum compared to the calves born to cows.

To help make sure the cows are giving the calves optimum immunity, good nutrition prior to calving is key, said beef cattle nutritionist Phillip Lancaster.

“The antibodies in the colostrum passed from the dam to her calf is the calf’s first defense against any of those pathogens, so it is important to have the cows at a body condition score of five or six when they calve,” he said.

Once the cows calve, Larson recommends adjusting how the hay is delivered to minimize the congregation of the herd.

“During calving season, feeding hay in round bale feeders can lead to a lot of manure buildup in a small area, increasing the risk of disease spread,” Larson said. “Instead, producers should unroll the hay on the ground and move that location to help spread out the cows, even though it means there will be some hay wastage.”

White agrees, adding that “cattle are going to stay around where the hay and water are located, and they don’t tend to roam if they are not grazing.”

Save the Rhino Day

2010 John Deere 9770 STS with 2014 635D, Contour Master, 208x38 duals, 3508/2479 hours, lots of history. Located in Hingham, MT...................................................$125,000 2014 Case IH DH363, 35-ft. draper header for Case IH swathers, like new..........$33,500

2013 Case IH DH 302 30-ft. triple delivery header for Case IH swathers.............$23,500

New John Deere loaders for large frame tractors.

700M with bucket..............................$24,500 680R with bucket...............................$23.500

2019 New Holland 560 baler, ISOBUS, Specialty Crop Plus, endless belts, in cab density, 6150 bales, fully loaded baler.....$39,500

Tom @ 406-799-8323

Fairfield, Montana

Financing & Delivery Available.

Date When Celebrated: This holiday is always held on May 1 Q: What animal has roamed the earth for over a million years, and has been hunted to near extinction?

A: You guessed it, the Rhinoceros.

Save the Rhino Day encourages us to be aware of, and support efforts to save the Rhinoceros from extinction.

The Rhinoceros is a fascinating creature. Native to Africa, this leftover from the age of Dinosaurs was hunted to near extinction. Hunters on safaris, killed Rhinos just for sport.

Poachers hunted them for their horn. The horn has been used as medicine, and for making knife handles, carved statues, and other objects. Animal rights groups have helped to save this animal from extinction, and their numbers have rebounded somewhat.

Did you know? The horn of the Rhinoceros is composed of the same material as your fingernail.

You can enjoy Save the Rhino Day in a variety of ways.

Watch documentaries on the Rhinoceros. Visit Rhinos at a zoo. Better still, go on a safari to see one! You can also donate to groups working towards preserving the Rhinoceros.

WHY PAY MORE?

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page A39

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We WILL save you money!

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2020 Ford Fusion with 44K miles. SAVE $$$$

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2017 Ford F250 Lariat Price Reduced!!

2022 Ford F250 Lariat Crew cab

2016 Ram 2500 Tradesman Crew cab 2019 Ford F350 Platinum Crew cab

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Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 – Page A40

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Big or Small, We have it all!

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Great Selection of NEW John Deere tractors for your every need.

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2020 John Deere 8320R....................................................$339,000 2021 John Deere 8R280 500 hours...................................$333,000

JOHN DEERE ROUND BALER 2022 John Deere 560M baler...............................................$55,000

Call us for all your Gator Needs JOHN DEERE

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2016 John Deere L340, 18,000 bales..................................$84,000 2013 Massey-Ferguson 2150, 3x3, 49,000 bales................$65,000 Case 3x4 baler, 7574 bales...................................... Call for Pricing New Holland 3x4 baler, 15,228 bales...................... Call for Pricing 2019 Massey-Ferguson 2290 4x4 baler, single axle, 18,733 bales.. .......................................................................................$137,000

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Allis-Chalmers 200 tractor with cab and loader...................$12,500 2016 Frontier GM2109 groomer/mower..................................$4500 Bale King 880 Vortex round bale feeder.................................$7000 John Deere 568 round baler, 40,000 bales..........................$13,000 General Implement 3-point trailer mover and bale spear.........$275 Haybuster 2650 processor...................................................$19,500 2019 Chevrolet Silverado 2500 HD with NEW bale bed.....$59,900

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2019 Lemken Heliodor 23-ft., 3-point, 9/700.......................$61,000 2018 Lemken Rubin 12 KUA 16-5-ft. speed disk, solid packer wheel on back, mounted draw bar, hydraulic folding.................$92,000 2020 John Deere 2720 disc ripper, 7 shank, wing fold with baskets..................................................................... Call for Pricing 2015 Parma 25-ft. single roller packer..................................$35,000

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2022 DewEze 676 pivot bale bed, 5th wheel plate, spinner, riser, mud flaps, Chevy mounts and pump.................................................... ..............................$21,950 (Mounting available, call for price) 2015 Vermeer MC3700 rotary mower conditioner................$24,000

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Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page B1

Index

2W Spreading, Choteau MT ................B20 3V Distributing, Conrad MT ...................C7 A-Plus Auto, Great Falls MT ................ A16 Abilene Machine Inc, Abilene KS ..........B7 Accelerated Metal Solutions, Brady Smels- Dry Fork Ag, Ledger MT ...................... A19 er, Glendive MT ...............................C28 Exchange Services, Inc, Whitefish MT B30 Action Toys, Billings MT ......................C34 First State Bank, Shelby, MT ............... A34 Affordable Construction Equipment, Billings Fisher Metal Products, Fort Benton, MT ... & Bozeman MT ...............................C31 ........................................................ A24 Ag Trucks & Equipment, Great Falls MT....A3 Flaman Rentals, Power MT .......... B13, C9 Aggressor, CoAxium, Ft. Collins CO ...C15 Fox Ford, Wolf Point MT......................C28 AgraSyst Dealers .................................B33 Fraser’s Oil Inc., Inverness MT ..............C2 Albaugh, LLC, Seed Start....................B20 Frieling’s Agricultural Equipment, Great Falls American Manufacturing, Hogeland MT ...

MT ........................... A31, B9, B35, C13 ........................................................C24 Frontline Ag Solutions Dillon, Dillon MTA40 ASH Supplies ......................................C21 Frontline Ag Solutions, Choteau, Conrad, Badland Truck Sales, Glendive MT ..... A35 Cut Bank, Dillon, Lewistown, Havre, Barnes Auction Service, Dillon MT ...... A36 Chester, Great Falls, Belgrade, Livingston Basin Seed, LLC, Stanford MT.............. A2 MT ...........................................A32, A33 Bass Auction Co. Inc., Lewistown MT....C12 Gateway Arch & Fence, Wayne Thiem, BC Trucking & Livestock, Milt Hartman, Bozeman MT ................................... A36 Highwood MT .................................C16 Glasgow Rental, Glasgow MT .............B17 Ben Taylor, Valier & Shelby MT ............ A37 Glass Trucking, Denton MT .................C32 Big Equipment Co., Havre MT.... B18, B19 Golden Harvest Seeds, Big Sandy MT..B2 Big Iron Auctions ................................. A23 Golden Triangle Rental, Great Falls MT...B17 Big Sky Equipment, Conrad MT ..........C25 Golden Triangle Seeds, Rudyard MT... A15 Big Sky Mahindra, Great Falls MT.......B13 Gordon Repair, LLC, Miles City MT .....C14 Big Sky Pipe, Great Falls MT...............C34 Greenway Seeds, Caldwell ID ...................

Big Sky Sawmill & Wood Products, Vaughn .........................................A25, B11, C1 MT ...................................................B25 Greyn Fertilizer, Choteau, Dutton, Valier Big Sky Wholesale Seeds, Shelby MT....B22 MT ...................................................C40 Billings Farm & Ranch Supply, Billings MT Grossenburg Equipment, Winner, Pierre, ..........................................................B7 Philip, Belle Fourche SD, Wayne, BloomBjorn Johnson Construction, Missoula MT field, Harrington NE, Sundance WY....C19 ........................................................B26 Heartland Ag Systems, ID, KS, MT, ND, NE, Bobcat of Williston, Ironhide, Williston ND SD, WA ............................................C11 ........................................................C22 Heartland Seed Company, Moccasin MT .

BTI Feeds, Cut Bank MT ..................... A37 ........................................................B29 Buckley Auction MT ............................C15 Hedman, Inc, Grass Range MT ...........C23 C & B Operations, LLC, Billings, Culbertson Helfert’s Helena Farm Supply, East Helena & Plenywood, MT, Sheridan, WY, Powell, MT ................................................... A12 WY ............................................. C4, C5 Henke Enterprises, SprayFlex & Big Dog Cascade Machine & Supply, Great Falls Mowers, Chester MT......................C30 MT ...................................................B20 Heritage Timber, Bonner MT ............... A20 Centrol Crop Consulting LLC, Brady & Hi-Line Rental, Havre MT ....................B17 Conrad MT ......................................C22 Highline Communications, Cut Bank MT...

Circle G Salvage, Walhalla, ND ...........B28 ..........................................................C1 Circle S Seeds, of Montana, Three Forks Hoven Equipment Co., Great Falls MT....C37 MT ................................................... A30 Hwy 12 Equipment & Repair, Baker MT ....

Clearview Seed, Denton MT................ A18 ........................................................C14 CoAXium, Aggressor, Ft. Collins CO ...C15 Ironhide, Bobcat of Williston, Williston ND Courtesy Ford, Conrad MT....................C3 ........................................................C22 Cut Bank Tire, Cut Bank MT ...............B24 J & T Equipment Sales, John Jones, SteDakota Truck & Farm, Minot ND..........C18 vensville MT ....................................C26 DBL Sales & Service, Dave & Brock Linker, Jamieson Motors, Inc., Chinook MT .........

Coffee Creek MT .................... B22, C18 ................................................. B24, C8 Doane Western of Montana, Bozeman MT Jim Nielsen Trucks & Parts, Butte MT ...B6 ........................................................C36 Johnsen Trailer Sales, Inc., Bismarck & Double Diamond Truck & Equipment Sales, Fargo ND .........................................C36 Missoula MT....................................C20 Krogmann Mfg.....................................C39

Lattin & Sons, Power MT.............. B13, C9 Lee’s Trapworks, LTD, Swift Currant Canada .................................................... A30 Lewistown Polaris, Lewistown MT ......B13 Lewistown Rental, Lewistown MT .......B17 M & M Auto, Trailers, & Welding, Stevensville MT ...................................................B16 M & W Machine, Three Forks MT ........C16 Milk River Ag, Chinook, MT .................B35 Missouri River Realty, Glasgow, Malta, MT ........................................................C30 Montana Ag Safety Program ...............B25 Montana Airguns, Great Falls, MT ....... A22 Montana Fence, Billings, Bozeman, Great Falls, Kalispell MT ..............A8, C8, C30 Montana Forklift & Equipment, Choteau MT ...................................................B33 Montana Holster & Shoulder Rig, Norm Schertenlieb, Great Falls MT...........B10 Montana Metal Fabrications, Great Falls MT ...................................................C29 Montana Seeds, Conrad MT ...............B14 Montana Valley Irrigation, Great Falls MT.. ........................................................ A25 Montech Seed Group, MT ................... A20 Mountain View Metal Works, Wilsall MT ... ..........................................................C9 MT Tractors, Matt Pendergast, Stevensville MT ................................................... A38 Musselshell Valley Equipment, Roundup MT ..................................A27, B21, C17 New Homes of the Future, Billings MT ...... ........................................................C32 NM Machinery, Missoula MT ...............C34 North Star Equipment, John Myers, Simms MT ...................................................C27 Northern Ford, Cut Bank MT ............... A39 Northern Prairie Auto Sales, Wolf Point MT ...................................................C24 Nutrien Ag Solutions, Inc, Conrad, Great Falls, Billings, Fort Benton, Belgrade, Hardin ,Chester, Shelby, MT ........... A22 Pete’s Auto Sales, Great Falls MT .......C29 Pifer’s Land Management, Moorhead MN ........................................................C34 Platinum Auto Center, Big Timber MT . A23 Power Motors Implement, Fort Benton MT ........................................................B28 Powerhouse Equipment, Floweree MT ..... ........................................................B10 Precision Truck & Trailer, Havre MT .....C33 Price Truck & Equipment Sales, Missoula MT ................................................... A24 R & L Seed & Machine LLC, Geyser MT ... ........................................................C14 R & M Exterminators, Cheney WA.......B27

R.E. Miller & Sons, Inc, Dillon MT ........C11 RDO Equipment, Kalispell, MT ..............C3 RDO Equipment, Missoula MT ..............C3 Red House Ag Custom Fertilizer Spreading, Matt Meyers, Chester MT .................B8 Red Iron Air, Taylor Wood, Simms MT.....B28 Reddig Equipment & Repair, Kalispell MT. ..........................................................C6 Rehbein Ford, Inc., Plains MT .............C35 Reinke, RPH Irrigation Services, Choteau MT ..................................................... A9 Rockwell Scales, Simms MT ...............B23 Roger Rader, Inc, Sun River MT ..........C22 Roofing By Frank Merchant, Great Falls, MT ...................................................B11 Roshon’s Auction Service, Rollins MT.....A10 RPH Irrigation Services, Reinke, Choteau MT ..................................................... A9 Senior Estate Sales, Melville MT .........C27 Severinsen Irrigation, Zimmatic & GSI, Fairfield MT ...........................................B31 Shop Specialties, Valier MT...................C6 Shortline Ag, Scobey MT.....................C38 Sod Buster Sales, Polson MT .... A21, C10 Solar Water Montana, Broadview MT.....C38 SprayFlex, Doug Henke Chester, MT.....C30 Steel Etc, Great Falls MT ....................B14 Stokes Fencing, Conrad MT................C22 Sullivan Brothers Construction, Conrad MT ................................................... A21 Sunrise Hoppers, Bow Island AB Canada ........................................................B16 Super SmartRooms/Superform ICF, Jerry Gangstad, Avon MT ............... A34, B24 T & T Farm Supply, LLC, Chester MT.....B31 Taylor Farm Store, Shelby MT ............. A37 TCB Transport LLC, Todd Bedosky, Geyser MT ...................................................C12 The McGregor Company, Seed Start ..C39 Tiber Tractor Co., Chester MT .............C21 Tom’s Shop, Grass Range MT.............C12 Treasure State Seed, Fairfield MT .........B7 Treasure State Wood Boilers, LLC, Charley Bucklin, Bigfork, MT........................B30 Tri County Implement, Sidney MT .......B23 Triangle Ag Service, Fort Benton MT...B25 Triple T Sales, Chinook MT....................B3 TT&E Inc, Victor MT............................. A14 Valley Steel LLC, Ryegate MT .............B27 Valley Trailer Sales, Belgrade MT ........C20 Valley, Montana Valley Irrigation, Great Falls MT ................................................... A25 VW Mfg, Loren Hawks, Chester MT .... A29 Weaver Grain Bins, Power MT ............C16 Wichman Ag Supply LLC, Hilger MT ...C14 Wild Horse Seed, Havre MT ..................B1 Zimmatic, Severinsen Irrigation, Fairfield MT ...................................................B31 Zimmerman Manure & Silage Hauling, Fairfield MT ...........................................B30

SPRING SEED VARIETIES Wheat WB9719*

WB9516*

SY Longmire* www.wildhorseseeds.com Have your Seed Custom Cleaned and Treated with...

AP Gunsmoke CL2* Alzada Durum*

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AAC Carver Yellow Pea*

Member of:

ax Brown Fl d & Mustar Seed Available

Montech 4193 Yellow Pea* Hampton Green Pea* * Denotes PVP variety

Custom Grass, Forage & Cover Crop Mixes Available

Call Us For All Your Spring Seeding Needs For sales information call Brad Ruhkamp, Dustin Ruhkamp or Renelle Ruhkamp

406-265-5443 25 16th St North

Box 1028, Havre, MT 59501

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page B2

Has the Trader’s Dispatch helped you find what you were looking for? Please tell an advertiser!

ROAD GRADER FOR SALE

1969 Caterpillar 12F in good operating condition.

Comes with tire chains. Come take a look.

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Bioluminescence may shine light on roundworm secrets

By Jan Suszkiw, ARS Even though roundworms are nearly too small to be seen, they can pose major problems in corn, soybean, peanut and other crops. Collectively, these roundworms are known as plant-parasitic nematodes, and they cause $173 billion in crop losses worldwide each year.

These losses to crop yield and quality can occur even though chemical controls, resistant cultivars and other methods are available to farmers. So, a team of Agricultural Research Service (ARS) and university scientists decided to take a deeper dive into the basic biology of these nematodes and, more specifically, their genes for reproducing.

But the furtive nature of these millimeter-long pests and peculiarities of their lifecycle evaded the latest high-tech tools that the scientists had hoped to study them with.

Fortunately, they found a “work-around” in the form of electroporation. In short, the technique involves immersing nematodes in a plexiglass chamber with a buffer solution and pulsing it with small jolts of electricity. This stuns the creatures and temporarily opens pores in their bodies through which the solution’s chief “active ingredient” can enter—namely, bits of genetic material called NanoLuc luciferase mRNA. Luciferase is an enzyme that oxidizes a compound called luciferin, producing a type of light called bioluminescence, such as that emitted by fireflies. In this instance, scientists “retooled” a luciferase coding sequence taken from a bioluminescent, deep-sea shrimp and electroporated it into the nematodes.

“Nematodes have primitive nervous systems,” explained Leslie Domier, a plant pathologist (retired) with the ARS Soybean/Maize Germplasm, Pathology, and Genetics Research unit in Urbana, Illinois. “When they were electroporated, they were immobilized for up to an hour, but then recovered and behaved normally.” Scientists then harvested the nematodes so that the contents of their cells, including luciferase, could be blended into a mixture called a “homogenate.” Next, they mixed the homogenate with a luciferin-like chemical called furamazine and presto—bioluminescence achieved!

Soybean cyst nematodeBioluminescence tools are helping light the way to a better understanding — and control — of costly roundworms like the soybean cyst nematode. (Image courtesy ARS Electron Microscope Unit).

Rather than observe this with the naked eye, the scientists used biochemical assays and sensitive light-detecting equipment to gauge the strength of the homogenate’s bioluminescence and determine how well their experiments had worked.

So far, the researchers have successfully electroporated luciferase mRNA into the likes of soybean cyst nematodes (SCN) and root-knot nematodes—both costly crop pests— and Caenorhabditis elegans, a free-living species that doesn’t require a host in which to reproduce.

According to Glen Hartman, another plant pathologist (ARS retired) on the research team, the approach opens the door to introducing other synthetic mRNAs into nematodes to reveal how they change and where, as well as when the nematode’s own genes are activated in cells.

There may be pest-control applications, as well. For example, electroporation could offer a way to rear laboratory colonies of soybean cyst nematodes that carry pieces of genetic code whose sole purpose is to skew the ratio of maleto-female offspring. In theory, releasing these lab-reared nematodes to mate with those in the wild would eventually cause a generational population crash.

“We hypothesized that if we could interfere with the sex determination in nematodes, we could reduce nematode populations below crop-damaging thresholds,” said Domier.

That, in turn, could diminish the need for chemical controls or help prolong the effectiveness of elite, resistant cultivars favored by growers, among other potential benefits.

More details about the technique and its implications for nematode control were reported in the journal Molecular & Biochemical Parasitology by Domier, Hartman and coauthors Thanuja Thekke-Veetil and Kris Lambert—both with the University of Illinois—Nancy McCoppin (ARS), Reza Hajimorad (University of Tennessee) and Hyoun-Sub Lim (Chungnam National University).

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* Prices subject to stock on hand

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page B3

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Contact Dave Taylor: 406-357-2166

Chinook, MT

Home Phone - 406-357-2162 Highway 2 West, Chinook, MT 1/2 mile west of Chinook

LOADS OF TRAILERS COMING IN EVERY WEEK! CALL FOR MORE INFO!

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1993 Trail King TK20 25-ft., new floor, air brakes..................................... $8500

Stop in or call for more information

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Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page B4

TIMED ONLINE ONLY

2 HUGE AUCTIONS CLOSING • APRIL 4350 NEIBAUER RD • BILLINGS, MT

MUSSER’S AUCTION CENTER

140 CONSIGNORS • OVER 1000 LOTS

Thank you to our Sellers & Buyers for supporting our Montana Family Owned Auction Co Serving the Northwest Region Since 1956

AT TIME OF PUBLICATION EXACT DATES & TIMELINE WASN’T SET, CHECK WEBSITE

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page B5

This Auction Promises To Be One Of The Largest Offerings Of Assets In The NW Region

AG & CONSTRUCTION EQT • TRUCKS • TRAILERS • LIVESTOCK EQT RECREATIONAL VEHICLES • TOOLS • LAWN ‘N GARDEN WEBSITE FOR VIEWING & BIDDING : MBAUCTION.COM

VIEW FULL LISTING ONLINE @ MBAUCTION.COM

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Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page B6

We’d appreciate it if you tell an advertiser you read his ad in the Trader’s Dispatch.

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More Master Gardener tips

By Anita Gall, Nebraska Extension Master Gardener Tired of winter: There are a few chores that can be done in the yard and garden while waiting for the weather to settle. Walk around your yard and check for damaged or broken branches on trees and shrubs. Dormant pruning is done before trees and shrubs leaf out allowing us to see the branching structure clearly, a benefit when making correct cuts. Always use sharp pruners or saws and cut along the branch collar, do not leave the branch too long or cut into the branch collar as this will hinder the healing process.

What is a good pruning cut on trees: First find the branch collar on the limb to be removed. It is the raised area at the base of the branch.

Make an undercut 6 inches to a foot from the trunk, then remove the branch weight by sawing just past the undercut.

Remove the stub along the branch collar, being careful not to cut into the branch collar. A correct cut allows the callus tissue to grow evenly and cover the wound protecting the tree from decay and pest damage How do you know the correct time to prune shrubs: Spring-flowering shrubs should be pruned immediately after blooming. This allows you to enjoy the flowers and gives the shrub time to regrow for the next season. Old, neglected shrubs such as lilacs that no longer look flush and only have blooms on the very tip of the branch need extensive pruning to rejuvenate the plant; this requires pruning all branches to a height of 6 to 10 inches. This will renew the plant and add to its longterm health.

Perennials: Do you have perennials that are out growing their area or dying back in the center? The reasons for dividing perennials is to control size, rejuvenate them and increase their numbers. It is best to divide fall-blooming perennials in the spring. Dividing now, allows the plant to put its energy into root and leaf growth.

Spring division is usually done as soon as the growing tips of the plant emerge. Use a sharp spade, lift the parent plant, separate, trim broken roots and replant, do not let them dry out.

When should you get your lawn ready for spring: Each spring is different, and what the calendar tells us can be completely different from what our weather is. Let the plants tell you.

Watch for the forsythia and lilac bushes to begin to flower. Our temperatures have been below average for this time of year, and our soil temperatures are only averaging 35 degrees. Wait until the grass begins to green up. This signifies that the grass blades are rooting and actively growing. Raking will be the first thing to do to prepare for new growth. ##### The two highest IQ scores in recorded history belong to women.

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page B7

International Dance Day

Advertising Deadline for the May 2023 issue of the Trader's Dispatch will be April 26th. Call (406) 271-5533 to place your ad.

When is International Dance Day? This holiday is always celebrated on April 29 Put on your clogs or dancing shoes.

All over the world, there will be dancing in the streets, as it is International Dance Day. On this April 29 holiday, grab your partner and step out onto the dance floor to show your moves. It’s also a great day to learn a new dance style.

International Dance Day is a truly global holiday celebration. It encourages everyone around the world to participate by dancing. You can dance to any music genre you prefer.

Bring out the Irish dancers. Do the Macarena, a tap dance, or a Tango for two. Tribal dances and dances steeped in local customs are all encouraged. It’s a day for events and festivities. It’s the perfect day to hold a dance-a-thon.

Each year the International Theatre Institute (ITO) selects an outstanding dance personality to write a message about dancing for celebration on International Dance Day. The ITO also selects a host city each year, to hold dance performances, workshops, and a variety of celebrations related to the world of dance.

However, you decide to celebrate this day, be light on your feet, as you dance until dawn.

How to Celebrate in International Dance Day Here are a few ideas on how to celebrate this holiday: Grab your partner and move on out to the dance floor.

Go to a concert and dance in your seats.

Be bold and daring. Learn a new style of dance.

Not going out today? No problem. put on your favorite songs and dance.

Watch a musical movie. There’s always lots of dancing in these shows.

History and Origin of International Dance Day This holiday event was created in 1982, by the Dance Committee of the International Theatre Institute (ITO). It is formally recognized by UNESCO. The date of April 29 was selected, as this is the birthday of Jean-Georges Noverre, the creator of modern ballet.

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Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page B8

Looking ahead to winter wheat planted area estimates

HOE DRILLS FOR SALE

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USDA’s National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) will publish its first official estimate of U.S. winter wheat planted area for the 2023/24 crop on Jan. 12, 2023. Along with U.S. wheat importing customers, U.S. Wheat Associates (USW) will be watching trade estimates before the report is issued and make some comparisons to NASS estimates in 2022.

USDA’s Economic Research Service has noted that “the general downward trend in U.S. wheat plantings over the last two decades is attributable to lower relative returns for wheat, changes in Government programs that give farmers more planting flexibility, and increased competition in global wheat markets.”

The past three marketing years, however, have seen a slight change in that trend.

At planting time in 2022, the relatively high farm gate prices for hard red winter (HRW), soft red winter (SRW) and white winter wheat (including winter soft white and hard white) provided some incentive to plant more winter wheat. Looking ahead, the pre-report predictions to date for total winter wheat planted area of between 34 million acres (MA) and 36 MA are both

higher than the final 2022 crop NASS estimate of 33.27 MA. More Planted Acres Expected Wheat analyst Jeffery McPike with WASEDA Commodities and McWheat Trading Inc., recently pegged that group’s initial 2023 planted area forecast at 35.7 MA that, if realized, would be a 7.3% increase over NASS’s final 2022 estimate.

The group’s forecast of 24.8 MA for HRW planted area is 7% more than the final NASS 2022 estimate based mainly on expected gains in the Central and Southern Plains.

McPike said the group is bullish on SRW planted area with a forecast of 7.22 MA, which is 11% more than NASS’ final 2022 estimate. For example, an Arkansas Extension official recently reported that “good prices and a relatively dry fall likely encouraged farmers to plant more winter wheat for a 2023 harvest. Early estimates are that winter wheat acres in Arkansas will be up 25% to 30% from last year.”

The group sees only a slight uptick in white winter wheat planted area to 3.65 MA. The January 2022 NASS estimate for winter white planted area was 3.56 MA.

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2011 Vermeer 605 Super M round baler, twine tie, 1000 PTO, approximately 5000 bales...................$26,000 obo 2015 Chevrolet long box, minus tailgate, receiver hitch..... ................................................................................. $400 1959 MM 5 Star loader tractor, hasn’t run for a while. Mecanic special...................................................$2000 obo 1930s-40s Ford 11/2-ton grain truck, flathead V8. Has been inside since 1973............................................$5000 obo Propane irrigation pump, portable, 6-cylinder Allis Chalmers. Ran 2 wheel lines........................................... $6500 Ditcher....................................................................... $1500 Pallet of round baler twine......................................... $1500 3-point post hole digger, 2 bits, 12” and 8”.................. $900 4 mud/snow tires, only 500 miles, rockproof, good for gravel roads, 4 aftermarket wheels and summer tires 75% left. Came off 2015 Chevrolet 3500, 8 hole wheels, 275/65R18.................. All 8 -package deal - $1500 obo

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Change in Direction. Compared to the general downward trend in U.S. wheat planted area, higher wheat prices for farmers have provided an incentive to plant more wheat the past three marketing years. Planted area for the three winter wheat classes (HRW, SRW and white winter) are all up since 2019/20. Note that “White” wheat on this chart includes spring-planted soft white wheat.

And Watch Harvested Area and Production Estimates NASS will adjust its winter wheat planted area forecast throughout 2023. And, as McPike pointed out, the currently unknown harvested area, along with production estimates, will be major price determinants.

For example, compare the final 2022 NASS estimate of HRW planted area of 33.89 MA to final harvested area of 24.05 MA. “After the NASS figure is published and

gets digested, the market will likely quickly move to winterkill issues (again) in the U.S., Europe, and the Black Sea regions,” McPike said, “and harvested area discussions, along with the many macro issues that continue to roil the markets.”

The annual NASS Winter Wheat Seedings report will be published here: https:// usda.library.cornell.edu/concern/publications/z890rt24s

It was a full house for Bob Welker’s, ‘Expanding the Pie’ presentation at Montana’s Next Generation conference. Welker is a part of the popular YouTube channel, Welker Farms Inc. and also serves on the Toole County FSA committee locally. Photo by Kari Lewis.

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page B9

Spring is here! We have the equipment you need

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Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page B10

Say you saw it in the Trader’s Dispatch

EXCAVATOR FOR SALE 2004 John Deere 330 excavator, 70-ft. stick.

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Calculating the value of nutrients in manure

By Leslie Johnson - Animal Manure Management Extension Educator, UNL “How much is this manure worth?” This is a common question from both livestock farmers who are supplying manure and crop farmers who are utilizing it. To answer this question, it is important to understand the difference between gross value and net value. The gross value of manure reflects the equivalent commercial fertilizer value of the nutrients contained in the manure. The net value considers the impacts of application method, transportation, and cropping system nutrient needs as well as intrinsic values that are much more difficult to put a number on. Therefore, this article will focus on determining the gross value of nutrients in manure. This article will walk you through the steps to calculate your manure value, but the University of Nebraska has an Excel based spreadsheet tool that also works.

The value of manure depends upon: the manure type, how and where the manure is applied, the amount of nutrients that the field needs for the next crop or crops, and the cost of fertilizer.

Determining Commercial Fertilizer Costs in $/pound of Nutrient The first thing we need is the cost of fertilizer, which will have to be obtained from your local fertilizer dealer as prices vary between dealers. Once the price is known, you will need to know the percent of nutrient in the fertilizer product. Some common fertilizers are in Table 1. With this information, we can get a price per pound of nutrient. The equation to do that is: Price of Fertilizer / 2000 lbs / percent of actual nutrient (as a decimal) = price of nutrient per pound If urea is $775 per ton, then the price you’re paying for nitrogen when buying urea is: $755 / 2000 lbs / 0.46 = $0.84 per pount of N Manure Nutrient Availability The next step in determining a manure value is to determine how much of our manure nitrogen is available. A number of factors influence this, including the temperature at the time of application, whether the product was incorporated, and the type of animal and housing that the manure came from. For this reason, different places have different availability factors.

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UNL research shows that for most species about 40% of the organic nitrogen in manure is available the first year with an additional 35% becoming available over the following 3 years (See table 3).

For this example, I’m using a sample of beef manure with about 13 pounds of organic nitrogen, which calculates to about 5

pounds per ton the first year and another 4 and a half in the next few years.

13 pounds Organic N in manure times 40% available (from table 3) equals 5 pounds of N available this year 13 pounds Organic N in manure times 35% available (over next 3 years) equals 4.5 CONTINUED ON PAGE B12

Bike to School Day

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page B11

Deadline for advertising in the May 2023 issue is WEDNESDAY, April 26th.

“BEAUTIFUL RESULTS AT A FAIR PRICE”

Roofing by Frank Merchant

Date When Celebrated: This holiday event is held on the first Wednesday in May National Bike Month is in May. That makes the first Wednesday in May, the perfect time to ride your bike to school. The sunny spring weather is perfect for a ride. Yessiree, Bike to School Day couldn’t be at a better time. Biking is relaxing. Biking is fun.

And, biking is a healthy exercise. The League of American Bicyclists and schools around the country work together encourage students to skip the bus ride, and bike to school for both exercise and for fun. In today’s digital electronic world, most kids in America can use the exercise and time away from the ipads and cell phones. Encouraging today’s youth to ride a bike, can lead to a lifelong addiction to cycling.

And, that’s a good addiction. It also leads to healthier adults.

The first Bike to School Day was held in 2012 with approximately 1,000 schools participating. It has quickly grown, and now thousands of schools take part in this special day. In addition to promoting health and exercise through biking, the promoters are also seeking to assure safe baking routes to and from schools.

Participate in this day, by (In Your Range Grazing) riding your bike to school, if possible. It is recognized that not all schools are located where the route to school has sidewalks, and roads that are safe to ride on.

If you can’t ride your bike to school, perhaps you can walk. For those who are no longer in school, ride your bike to work, the gym, or to the store. In other words, get your bike out of the garage and get some healthy and enjoyable exercise.

Related Holidays: National Bike to Work Day International Walk to School Day World Bicycle Day History and Origin of Bike to School Day: The League of American bicyclists joined forces with schools to organize and coordinate Bike to School Day each year. While their website does not come right out and claim to be the creators, we believe that they are. This holiday event was created in 2012.

There is some reference to this day as a “National” day. However, the sponsor’s If only there was an alfalfa tough enough to dormant seed with your range website refers to it as “Bike to School Day”.

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grasses in Nov. – Dec. and not winter kill If only there was a tough alfalfa that would last 20 years.

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Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page B12

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Calculating the value of nutrients in manure CONTINUED FROM PAGE B10

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pounds of N available in the future 5 lbs N available this year plus 4.5 pounts N available in future equals 9.5 pounds of N of value Ammonium nitrogen is only available the first year and is more easily lost to the atmosphere, which affects its availability (see table 4). Since beef manure is not usually incorporated, we’re going to assume that the manure is being broadcasted without incorporation and we’ve lost all of our ammonium nitrogen to volatilization (into the air).

1.4 pounds Ammonium N times 0% available (from table 4) equals 0 N available from ammonium $0.84 per pount of N times 9.5 pounds of N per ton equals $8 per ton However, we know that manure contains many nutrients besides nitrogen, so we need to repeat this process for all nutrients and

More ways to shake your groove thing The Macarena: The song by Los del Rio about a sensuous Spanish woman took the U.S. by storm in 1996. VH1 called it the “#1 Greatest One-Hit Wonder of All Time.”

Hully Gully: The popular line dance from the 1960s, popularized by the 1960 song “Hully Gully” by the Olympics. John Belushi dances the hully gully in the 1980 film The Blues Brothers.

Electric Slide: A disco line dance created by the famous disco dancer Ric Silver in 1976. It came from a song called “Electric Boogie,” written by Bunny Wailer (from Bob Marley’s band).

Charleston: Though it’s associated with

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add them together. Without going through all the math for each nutrient, the sample of manure listed above is worth about $30.25 per ton – accounting for nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), sulfur (S), and zinc (Zn).

Remember, we typically don’t apply just 1 ton per acre, so that makes manure a valuable part of our livestock and cropping operations.

Nutrient Needs The last and most important factor in valuing manure is whether the crop you are growing needs the nutrients that will be applied with the manure. If the crop doesn’t need nutrients or the soil has sufficient nutrients for the crop, those nutrients are not as valuable. So, looking at the soil test and knowing what crop will be grown following the manure application will make a big difference in the value of the manure.

white “flappers” in speakeasies of the 1920s, the dance actually came from the song of the same name by African-American pianist James P. Johnson.

Achy-Breaky: The 1992 song made Billy Ray Cyrus a country superstar and ushered in a new era of line dancing–not just in America, but all over Europe as well. And it’s till going strong today.

Limbo: Created in Trinidad in the 1950s, the name comes from the word “limber,” which you must be in order to do this dance.

It became a fad in 1962 thanks to Chubby Checker’s “Limbo Rock.”

April, 2023 will be... Summer Tire Changeover Month

How vital a role do our carsplay in our lives? They are transportation, escape, recreation, and the location of some of the most critical events in our lives. They can serve as a right of passage, and they represent a form of freedom hitherto unknown to us before we own our first car. Summer Tire Changeover Month reminds us that changing our tires twice a year is an important part of keeping this important part of our lives healthy and on the road.

History of Summer Tire Changeover Month Tires have been with us a long time, the first ones being made from leather for use on carts, wagons, and bicycles of course. In 1847 there was a patent placed for the first pneumatic, or air based, tire that surprisingly never actually went into production. While various forms of these tire would come into production in the following years (just not that original design) it would take the invention of synthetic rubber to make pneumatic tires a common day occurrence.

While there are literally thousands of different tire designs in the world today, for most of us there are just two we need to worry about.

The cut of the tread on the tire, along with specific other factors of design, can determine what conditions a tire is best suited for. It’s for this reason that most people maintain a separate set of tires for the Summer and Winter, each one specially designed to handle those seasons vagaries. During Summer Time Changeover Month it’s time to change from your winter tires to your summer ones. Not only does this provide you with the best possible grip on the road itself, but it also helps to extend the lifetime of both sets of tires.

How to celebrate Summer Tire Changeover Month Celebrating Summer Tire Changeover Month is simple enough, it starts with just changing from one set of tires to the other. However, if you want to be complete about the process, then you can also take both sets of tires into a specialist and have them examine the tire to determine the length of the tread left on them and whether or not there’s any damage that they’ve sustained. This kind of maintenance ensures that your tires will last your vehicle as long as possible.

International Plant Appreciation Day When is International Plant Appreciation Day? This holiday is always celebrated on April 13 Plants are our friends, our counterparts. We breathe in oxygen and exhale carbon dioxide. Plants take in carbon dioxide and give off oxygen. Why, you could say it’s a marriage born in heaven, or at least the garden of Eden.

This day is a perfect opportunity to get closer to the plant world. Pamper your indoor plants. Don’t have any? Well, what are you waiting for? Go out and buy some. This special day falls in the spring, a perfect time for you to plant outdoor plants. If you are not yet a gardener, now is the time to start a relaxing and rewarding, lifetime gardening hobby.

Gardeners and non-gardeners alike should appreciate plants for the benefits they provide. They produce oxygen, essential for our existence. Plants instill calm, peacefulness, and serenity. Many of them are beneficial to our health.

We appreciate: Flowers for their beauty.

Vegetable plants to feed us. They taste so good and offer a wide range of flavors for our consumption.

Herbs are the spice that makes eating such a pleasure.

Many of them offer medicinal uses, too.

Trees give us shelter and shade. They also provide the paper that we write on.

Weeds, well let’s appreciate them too, if only for today.

And, the list goes on and on.

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page B13 WARNING: THE POLARIS RANGER® CAN BE HAZARDOUS TO OPERATE AND IS NOT INTENDED FOR ON ROAD USE. DRIVER MUST BE AT LEAST 16 YEARS OLD WITH A VALID LICENSE TO OPERATE. PASSENGERS MUST BE A LEAST 12 YEARS OLD. DRIVERS AND PASSENGERS SHOULD ALWAYS WEAR HELMETS, EYE PROTECTION, AND SEAT BELTS. ALWAYS USE CAB NETS OF DOORS (AS EQUIPPED). NEVER ENGAGE IN STUNT DRIVING, AND AVOID EXCESSIVE SPEEDS AND SHARPS TURNS. RIDING AND ALCOHOL/DRUGS DON’T MIX. ALL DRIVERS SHOULD TAKE A SAFETY TRAINING COURSE. CALL 800-3243764 FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION. CHECK LOCAL LAWS BEFORE RIDING ON TRAILS. ©2023 POLARIS INDUSTRIES INC.

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Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page B14

Deadline for advertising in the May 2023 issue is WEDNESDAY, April 26th.

FARM/RANCH FOR SALE

LAND: 397.24 acres, 90 acres of usable crop land that is in sainfoin and brome grass for hay and pasture. Reseeded most of it again in the fall of 2021. Seeded right into standing grass.

The rest is pasture, most of it reseeded to better grass in past years. Not all native grass.

Bullhead creek running through. We own water rights to the creek water for irrigation and 2 reservoirs.

23 WATER SHARES 2 HOMES: Brick home with basement, 3 plus bedrooms, 13/4 bathrooms, attached 1 car garage, 2 car unattached garage.

Second home: 28x60 modular, 3 bedrooms, 21/2 bathrooms, 2 car attached garage, front and rear decks.

BUILDINGS: Main shop, storage shop, storage shed, newer barn, calving barn, hay shed, some bins, crowding tub, alley, squeeze chute, 2 water fountains, and more.

Soil acidity threatens Montana fields, MT State research explores remedies

By Reagan Colyer, MSU News Service As soil acidification becomes a more pressing issue for Montana farmers, researchers in the Montana State University College of Agriculture are conducting on-farm experiments around the state to help explore precision treatments that fit the conditions measured in individual fields.

Assistant research professor Manbir Rakkar and professor Clain Jones of the Department of Land Resources and Environmental Sciences are taking a multifaceted approach ASKING $1,195,000 to managing and preventing increases in soil acidity, which is Contact Dave Freebury, 1715 Bullhead Rd, Conrad, MT 59425 largely caused by repeated application of nitrogen fertilizers (406) 278-3970 home/(406) 470-0894 cell - Leave message and phone number. and can be made worse by growing the crops that require email: twistit73@yahoo.com those fertilizers on the same land year after year.

While other states, such as Idaho, Washington, Oregon and the Dakotas, have been grappling with soil acidity for years, the issue was first really discovered in Montana around montanaseeds.com • NON BLOAT montanaseeds.com MontanaSeeds.com montanaseeds@gmail.com 2015, said Jones, who has been working on research into the montanaseeds@gmail.com montanaseeds@gmail.com • NATURALLY GLYPHOSATE TOLERANT issue ever since.

• NON BLOAT “We recognized it as something that needed to be ad• APHID & WEEVIL RESISTANT TURALLY GLYPHOSATE TOLERANT dressed,” said Jones. “The majority of farmers don’t have Alfalfa loses 1/4 to 1/3 of its digestible this problem, but those who do can have up to complete • APHID WEEVIL RESISTANT protein & through bloat, lack of condensed tannis crop loss.” montanaseeds.com • • NON NON BLOAT BLOAT Jones estimates that around 5% of Montana’s cropland is • NATURALLY GLYPHOSATE TOLERANT montanaseeds@gmail.com • NATURALLY GLYPHOSATE TOLERANT •• APHID montanaseeds.com APHID & & WEEVIL WEEVIL RESISTANT RESISTANT affected by soils with a pH below 5.5, which is the acidity montanaseeds@gmail.com level at which significant problems can begin to emerge.

But one of the things that makes it such a difficult problem is that acidic soils are often found only in patches across a field, and in many instances when soil pH is tested, samples • NON BLOAT from various locations are combined, resulting in an average • NATURALLY GLYPHOSATE TOLERANT • APHID & WEEVIL RESISTANT acidity measurement for a large area. Low pH and high pH patches may cancel each other out, meaning producers often don’t realize they have an acidity problem However, testing more soil samples per acre can be too GoBLOAT Green And Pink • NON Livestock, wildlife, wildlife, and and even even honey honey bees bees prefer prefer Sainfoin Sainfoin over over other other forages. forages.

Livestock, expensive, so MSU researchers are exploring alternatives Alfalfa dealers are despartely trying to get the condensed tannins in their Pollution Less, Save Energy Alfalfa dealers are despartely trying to get the condensed tannins in their Pollution Less, Save Energy Y GLYPHOSATE TOLERANT Alfalfa and and use use high high pressure pressure sales sales to to convince convince you you to to grow grow Alfalfa.

Alfalfa.

Alfalfa such as remote imagery and sensing technology, which “Healthy, Wholesome “Healthy, Wholesome Fodder Fodder ” ” & WEEVIL RESISTANT Sainfoin leaves leaves naturally naturally contain contain tannins, tannins, allowing allowing the the protein protein to to be be digestdigestSainfoin could save money and provide a more detailed soil acidity Rocky ed instead instead of of excreted. excreted.

Rocky Mountain Mountain Remont Remont -- $1.50/lb $1.50/lb ed data for a field.

Delaney Delaney -- $2.00/lb $2.00/lb Sanfoin’s palability palability and and digestibility digestibility provides provides more more return return per per ton ton compared compared Sanfoin’s Shoshone To detect acidic spots within a field, Rakkar said a better to Alfalfa.

Sanfoin’s ability to be grazed or hayed gives producers options Shoshone -- Price Price on on request request to Alfalfa. Sanfoin’s ability to be grazed or hayed gives producers options to best best utilize utilize it’s it’s benefits benefits in in your your operation. operation. to Reasons: approach than traditional composite testing is for farmers to Reasons: GoSAINFOIN Green And Pink Livestock, wildlife, and even honey bees prefer Sainfoin over other forages.

ALFALFA SAINFOIN ALFALFA Growing best practices: scout their fields periodically. Yellow or stunted plants, poor Growing practices: Alfalfa dealers arebest despartely trying to get the condensed tannins in their •• Legume •• Legume Pollution Less, Save Energy Legume Legume Alfalfa and use high pressure sales to convince you to grow Alfalfa.

•• Non Bloat • Bloat • Sainfoin establishes itself without a cover crop.

Non Bloat • Bloat root development or other cropbees growthprefer issue S • Sainfoin establishes itself without a cover crop.

Livestock, wildlife, andunexplained even honey “Healthy, Wholesome Fodder Weevil & & Aphid Aphid Resistant Weevil Problem ” •• Best •• Weevil Resistant •• Weevil Problem Best if if not not mixed mixed with with other other plants plants such such as as barley barley or or wheat. wheat.

•• Minimal •• Losses naturally contain tannins, allowing the protein to be per digestcould be an indication of a soil acidity problem.

Soil samples Minimal Loss Loss Protein Protein Losses of of 1/4-1/3 1/4-1/3 of of Digestible Digestible Protein ProteinSainfoin leaves 30 pounds per acre for dryland or 1 cutting, 40 pounds acre pounds per acre for dryland or 1 cutting, 40 pounds per acre •• Little Expense •• Hefty Expense Rocky Mountain Remont - $1.50/lb ed instead of30 excreted.

Alfalfa dealers are despartely trying to getwith the c Little Fertilizer Fertilizer Expense Hefty Fertilizer Fertilizer Expense for for irrigated irrigated or or multi-cuts. multi-cuts.

•• Cheap •• Expensive Control from suchand problematic areas should notprefer be combined Cheap Weed Weed Control Control Expensive-Weed Weed Control Delaney $2.00/lb wildlife, even honey bees Sainfoin o • Seed fall or moisture will be toLivestock, the seed.

Little or or No No Gas Gas Methane Gas Gas (Bloat) (Bloat) • Seed in inand falldigestibility or spring spring when when moisture be held held seed.

•• Little •• Methane Sanfoin’s palability provides morewill return per to tonthe compared Alfalfa and use •• Seed of inch deep or less.

•• Ease Production •• Complicated Production other samples, shehigh said. pressure sales to convince y - Price on request Seed 3/4 3/4ability of an an to inch or or less.

Ease of of Shoshone Production Complicated Production to Alfalfa. Sanfoin’s bedeep grazed hayed gives producers options •• Low •• High •• Hay/graze when near full Alfalfa dealersThe are despartely trying to get the condensed Low Seed Seed Cost Cost High Seed Seed Cost Cost Hay/graze when nearoperation. full bloom. bloom. to best utilize it’s benefits in your (Webster’s Dictionary) •• Easy •• Expensive standard approach to correcting low soil pH is to apReasons: Easy Stand Stand Enhancement Enhancement Expensive Stand Stand Replacement Replacement •• High •• Less High Palatability Palatability Less Palatability Palatability Alfalfa and uselime high pressure to convince to gro SAINFOIN ALFALFA ply products such assales spentcontain sugar beettannins, lime, you said Jones.

•• Good •• Less Production Growing best practices: FFor Good Pollen Pollen Production Production Less Pollen Pollen Production - $2.50/lb A Sainfoin leaves naturally allowi N or more more information, information, call call • Legume • Legume Mountain Remont A TA N N •• Rocky Nector Produced at 60° F • Nectar Produced at 90° F A O T M N Nector Produced at 60° F • Bloat • Nectar Produced at 90° F O Livestock, wildlife, and evenSchlepp honey bees • Non• Bloat Rollie • Sainfoin establishes M itself without aDictionary) cover crop.

(Webster’s However, that requires special equipment and can be costly, Producer •• Less Honey Rollie Schlepp • #1 #1 &Honey Honey Producer Less Honey Production Production S EE Eother D • Weevil Aphid Resistant • Weevil Problem SE Delaney $2.50/lb • Best if not mixed with plantsother such 406-788-9556 as barley or wheat. ed insteadifof excreted.

•• Flexible Harvest Dates •• Short Harvest Window DS Sover 406-788-9556 prefer Sainfoin forages.

Highly Flexible Harvest Dates Short Harvest Window • Minimal Loss Protein • Losses of 1/4-1/3 of Digestible Protein especially farmers opt for blanket application acrossthe theirpro •• Longevity of Established •• Short Term Productivity or 30 pounds per acre for dryland or 1 cutting, 40 pounds Sainfoin per acre Longevity Established Stand Stand Short TermExpense Productivity leaves naturally contain tannins, allowing or • Little Fertilizer of Expense • Hefty Fertilizer Shoshone - $2.50/lb fordigestible and a higher sugar content gives irrigated or multi-cuts.

Montana Seeds office fields.

• Cheap Weed Control • Expensive Weed Control Montana Seeds Inc. Inc. office • Seed in fall or spring when moisture will406-278-9951 be held to theed seed. instead of excreted.

• Little or No Gas • Methane Gas (Bloat) Reasons: Sainfoin the edge over Alfalfa.

406-278-9951 Rakkar hopes her work willdigestibility help producers to make moremo • Seed 3/4 of an inch deep or less.

• Ease of Production • Complicated Production Sanfoin’s palability and provides www.montanaseeds.com www.montanaseeds.com Legume • Low•Seed Cost • High Seed Cost Sainfoin leaves naturally contain con• Hay/graze when near full bloom. decisions for precise lime on acidityLivestock, wildlife, and even honey bees prefer Sainfoin over other forages.

• Easy•Stand • Expensive Stand Replacement NoEnhancement Bloat toinformed Alfalfa.

Sanfoin’s ability toapplication be grazed or haye densed tannins, thetrying protein to bethe condensed • High Palatability • Less Palatability Alfalfa dealers are allowing despartely to get tannins in their affected areas.

• Pollen No Weevil Sanfoin’s palability and digestibility provides more return • Good Production • Less Pollen Production For more information, call A N A digested instead ofpressure excreted. to best utilize it’s benefits in your operation.

• Nector Produced at 60° F • Nectar Produced at 90° F ONT high Muse Alfalfa and sales to convince you to grow Alfalfa.

• No Loss Protein “We’re trying something different than just soil sampling Rollie Schlepp • #1 Reasons: Honey Producer • Less Honey Production Sanfoin’s ability to be grazed or hayed gives pr EEDS$$$! Sainfoin FollowSthe is worthto 25Alfalfa. to 50 Wholesome Fodder ” (Webster’s Dictionary) 406-788-9556 • Flexible Harvest Fertilizer Dates •Expense Short Harvest Window • Little to determine soil acidity,” said Rakkar.

• Longevity of Established Stand • Short Term Productivity or percentleaves morenaturally per ton than Alfalfa as graze Sainfoin contain tannins, allowing the protein to be digest• Cheap Weed Control to best utilize it’sofbenefits in yourhasoperation.

One those approaches been to use drones to meaMontana Seeds Inc. office ons:SAINFOIN hay. Without condensed tannins, 1/4 to • Little or No Gas ountain Remont - $1.50/lb ALFALFA edorinstead of excreted.

406-278-9951 Growing best practices: sure NDVI, or normalized difference vegetation index, Ease of Production www.montanaseeds.com •• Legume • Legume 1/3 of Alfalfa protein will pass through the Delaney $2.00/lb which measures the biomass, or “greenness,” in a field — a FOIN•• Non ALFALFA Low Seed Cost Sanfoin’s palability and digestibility provides more return per ton compared animal undigested.

Bloat • Bloat • practices: Sainfoin establishes itself without cov Growing best oshone Price on request • Easy -Stand Enhancement commonly used indicator of plant and soil health.

Jones a and to Alfalfa.

Sanfoin’s ability to be grazed or hayed gives producers options Growing best practices: me •• Weevil • Legume & Aphid Resistant • Weevil Problem Highest Palatabilty Best if to not mixed withNDVI other plants by such Rakkar•will seek identify whether is affected to best utilize it’s benefits in your operation.

• Sainfoin established itself without Bloat•• Minimal • Bloat • Sainfoin establishes itself without a cover crop.

Good Pollen Production Loss Protein • Losses of 1/4-1/3 of Digestible Protein soil acidity, something they deem likely.

30 pounds per acre for dryland or 1 cut • Nectar Produced at 60º F • Weevil Problem a cover crop. il & Aphid Resistant ALFALFA • Best if mixed with other plants such be as much barley “Ifnot we can correlate NDVI and soil pH, it would •• Little Fertilizer Expense • Hefty•Growing Fertilizer Expense Do not mix other plants such bestwith practices: # 1 Honey Producer • Legume for irrigated or multi-cuts. mal Loss Protein • Losses of 1/4-1/3 of Digestible Protein easier to detect pHfor issues over larger in a very barley or wheat.

30 pounds per Flexible Harvest •• Cheap Weed Dates Control • Expensive Weed Control 30crop. pounds persoil acre dryland oracreages 1 cutting, 40 p • Bloat • Sainfoin establishes itself without a cover time-efficient method,” said Rakkar.

acre for dryland or 1 cutting, 40 Fertilizer Expense • Hefty Fertilizer Expense • Seed in fall or spring when moisture wi Alfalfa esistant • Little• Weevil or NoProblem Gas • Methane Gasif (Bloat) • Best not mixed with other plants suchfor as barley or wheat. irrigated or multi-cuts.

• Legume

pounds per acre for irrigated or With funding from the Montana Fertilizer Advisory Com• Losses of 1/4-1/3 of Digestible Protein Weed Control peinWeed Control •Rakkar Seed 3/4Jones of an inchplanning deep to orcontinue less.

30 pounds per acre for dryland or 1 cutting, 40 pounds per acre • Ease of Production • Expensive • Complicated Production multi-cuts. pense • Bloat• Hefty Fertilizer Expense mittee, are also moisture • Seed in fall or and spring when will bepartheld or No Gas • Methane Gas (Bloat) for irrigated or multi-cuts.

• Weevil Problem Cost • High• Seed Cost trol • Low•Seed Expensive Weed Control • Hay/graze when near full bloom.

Seed in fall or spring when moisture nerships with producers around Montana to conduct on-farm • Seed in fall or spring when moisture will be held to the Losses of 1/4-1/3 of(Bloat) Digestible Protein • Seed 3/4 of seed. an inch deep or less. of Production • Complicated Production •Stand Methane Gas will be held to the seed.

••• Easy Enhancement • Expensive Stand Replacement experiments — rather than only working on MSU’s research Hefty•Fertilizer Expense • Seed 3/4 of an inch deep or less. n Complicated Production Seed••Cost • High Seed• Cost • Seed 3/4 of an inch deep or less • Hay/graze bloom. farms and when centers near aroundfull the state — that aim to monitor High Palatability Less Palatability Expensive Weed Control • High Seed Cost • Hay/graze when near full bloom.

• Hay when near full bloom, graze anytime.

Stand Enhancement • Expensive Stand Replacement • Methane Gas (Bloat) the effectiveness and longevity of different lime products. cement • Expensive Replacement • Good Pollen Stand Production • Less Pollen Production For A • Complicated Production N • Less Palatability They’ll also look at whether different crop could A rotations Palatability • Less Palatability T N • Nector Produced at 60° F • Nectar Produced at 90° F O M uction• High •Seed Less Cost Pollen Production For morehelp information, call alleviate acidity.

Growing perennial crops such as alfalfa A Production • FLess Pollen Production Ro Expensive Stand Enhancement For more info atPollen 60° •F• #1 • Nectar Produced at 90° Honey Producer • Less Honey ProductionMONTAN A N grass or other forages may let producers naturally improve A S E Rollie Schlepp T E • Low Palatabilty N er Produced • Less Honey DS or at Harvest 60° FProduction • Nectar Produced at 90° F Window 406 MO SEEDS • Flexible Dates • Short Harvest soil acidity. Rakkar hopes to expand those Rollie investigations 406-788-9556 Production Dates • No Pollen • Short Harvest Window Sch oney Producer • Less Honey Production Longevity of Established Stand • Short Term Productivity blished•• Stand • Short Term Productivity or to include pulse S crops, as peas and lentils, which are Nectar Produced at 90º F or EEDsuch S soil 406-788-95 ble Harvest Dates • Short Harvest Window • Lesser Honey Producer known to naturally increase nitrogen content, which is Montana Seeds Inc. office Short Harvest Window evity •of Established Stand • Short Term Productivity critical for crop growth and often supplies soil ornitrogen toMo 406-278-9951 the following crop, thus reducing the fertilizer need.

406 www.montanaseeds.com Montana “We’ve looked at mitigation and prevention, but we are S www.montanaseeds.com For more information, call also working on adaptation strategies,” said406-278-99 Rakkar. “We Rollie Schlepp want to identify which varieties of pulses or perennial crops www.montanaseeds.com 406-788-9556 can perform better in acidic conditions. That’s important

m montana montana montanaseeds@

(Webster’s Dictionary) (Webster’s Dictionary)

Go Green And Pink Green AndLess, PinkSave Energy Pollution (Webster’s Dictionary)

llution Less,Wholesome Save Energy “Healthy, Fodder ”

ealthy, Wholesome Rocky Mountain Fodder Remont” - $1.50/lb

Delaney - $2.00/lb cky Mountain Remont - $1.50/lb en And PinkShoshone - Price on request Delaney - $2.00/lb n Less, Save Energy Shoshone - Price on request

CONTINUED ON PAGE B16

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 – Page B15

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7

RAILROAD FLAT CARS

NEW 20-ft. Containers

TANK CARS

WE SELL NEW & USED

For Bridges

For Non Potable Water Storage

HOPPER BOTTOM CARS Great for grain storage

• Tubing • Pipe • Angle Iron • Plate

16.5 CAL tie wire

New 12” - 48” Steel Culvert

Used Electric Motors & Boxes

Overseas Containers For Sale 20-ft., 40-ft. & 45-ft.

22” Used Culvert rily pora Grade Pipe Tem UT O Random Lengths

Temporarily Out

Overseas Flats - 8’x40’

(1) Hobart Meat Saw

Overseas Flat Decks 8’x20”

NEW STEEL plate & beams IN STOCK Call Adam, Joe, or Ty

Sand & Slag Abrasives

42”, & 60” Heavy Wall

20-ft. & 24-ft. lengths

Used 5-ft. Guard Rail Posts

New 12” - 30” Poly Culvert

LAND ROLLER PIPE

Great for corrals

1 /4”, 1 /2” & 1 /8 O.D. 1

1

$5

3/8” & 1/2” - 20-ft. lengths

NEW! SURPLUS ROUND TUBING

Great for corrals

00 each

NEW Rebar

Used Drill Pipe 23/8”, 27/8”, 31/2”, 4” & 41/2” 12” Standard Galvanized Guard Rails

13-ft. 6” and 26-ft. Lengths Available 20” Triple rib galvanized x 13-ft. 6”

Great for bridges

Buying

Automotive & Heavy Industrial Batteries

USED SUCKER ROD: 3/4”, 7/8” and 1” 25-ft. lengths

Call Jim Filipowicz 1 800-334-5964 (406) 761-4848

After Hours (406) 791-6712

Fax (406) 791-6708

Steel Department & Salvage Yard Monday-Friday 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m.

8:00 a.m. to 12:00 p.m. Saturday

USEABLE SALVAGE DIVISION • Limited Quantities

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page B16

SELL YOUR EQUIPMENT IN THIS SPACE!!!

Call 406-271-5533 FAX 406-271-5727 Mail to: Trader’s Dispatch, Box 997, Conrad, MT 59425

WANTED: PASTURE OR HAYFIELDS TO RENT, LEASE OR POSSIBLY BUY.

One field or the whole ranch. Within 2 hours of Great Falls preferably.

References available.

Will also look at doing hay on shares.

(406) 546-1743

HOPPERS

Quality Hoppers for the American Farmer -Hoppers 14’ - 36’ Diameter -Engineer Stamped (Canada)

-Custom built for your brand and size of Bin -For new or used Grain Bins.

-We can arrange Delivery

sales@sunrisehopper.com PH: 1-403-393-2513 Installation Available through our USA Dealer network

WWW.SUNRISEHOPPER.COM

21-ft. Equipment Trailer Custom Built in Stevensville, MT

BUY DIRECT, NO MIDDLE MAN!

WAS: $6995

tariff on some parts may be applied

*

SALE: $4975*

ONLY 10, 400 lb. GVW trailer with 14,000 lb. GVW Tires!

10 ply, 16” steel High Speed Radials • FREE Spare, FREE Tool Box Pad 8,000 lb. Jack, Dropleg set back so tailgate will open, 6-Hole adjustable 2 5/16 “ coupler ONLY AT M&M - Steel grate on dovetail, grip strut galvanized ramps that stow under tool box pad, and the only trailer with 10 digit LEDS, front & back fenders for safety and backing

2023 Models with longer tongue and bigger tool box pad available

m&m Auto, Trailer & Welding

(406) 728-1000 • 3745 US Highway 93 N. Stevensville, MT 59870 • www.mmmissoula.com

Kentucky Derby Day When is the Kentucky Derby: Always the first Saturday in May Date: May 1, 2021; May7, 2022; May 6, 2023; May, 4, 2024; May 3, 2025 The “Running of the Roses” or “The Run for the Roses”, as the Kentucky Derby is called, is America’s premier horse racing event. Steeped in tradition, the derby is the first step in the Triple Crown of horse racing. It is held at Churchill Downs in Louisville, Kentucky. Each year approximately 155,000 people attend this all day event, which culminates in a roughly two minute race.

The Kentucky Derby is run on a 1 1/4 mile, 10 furlong, dirt track. The winner of the race receives a garland of rose and a $2 million purse. The winner has also reached the first step in winning the Triple Crown. The winning horse goes on to compete against other horses to hopefully win at the Preakness Stakes and finally at the Belmont Stakes.

20 horses compete in the Kentucky Derby. Normally, far fewer horses race in any other horse racing event. To qualify for the Derby, the 3 year old thoroughbred horses must travel the “Road to the Kentucky Derby”, a series of 35 horse races at tracks in the U.S. and around the world. Points are awarded and the top 20 horses proceed to the Kentucky Derby.

The race lasts about 2 minutes. It is preceded by all day long activities and celebration. The excitement increases in intensity leading up to the opening of the gates, and the “Run for the Roses” begins.

Tradition abounds at the Kentucky Derby. People come dressed to the nines. Ladies wear extravagant hats and participate in a Hat Parade.. Mint Juleps are the traditional drink, and are consumed in huge quantities, approximately 120,000 during this two day event..

Triple Crown Winners Winning the Triple Crown is very difficult. Only 13 horses have won the Triple Crown. In 1978, Affirmed became just the 11th horse to win all three races. It was 37 long years before American Pharaoh accomplished the feat. The latest Triple Crown winner is Justify, in 2018.

Mint Juleps are the official drink of the Kentucky Derby.

Use the Official Mint Julep recipe.

Kentucky Derby Trivia: The Kentucky Derby is the longest continually running sporting event in the United States.

The race is sometimes referred to as “the most exciting two minutes in sports”.

To win the Triple Crown, a horse needs to win the Kentucky Derby, Belmont, and the Preakness. in 1896, roses were first given to the winner. Jockey Ben Brush received white and pink roses.

In 1904, red roses became the official color.

Mint Juleps are the official drink of the race.

Approximately 120,000 Mint Juleps are served during the two day event. 60,000 pounds of ice are used.

As the horses step onto the track for the post derby parade, the band plays “My Old Kentucky Home. This tradition began around 1921.

Soil acidity threatens Montana fields, MT State research explores remedies CONTINUED FROM PAGE B14

knowledge that growers want to know if they end up with soil acidity issues on their farm.”

Most of Rakkar’s and Jones’ investigations are driven by questions posed directly by Montana farmers, and Jones said the on-farm experiments and collaboration with farmers around Montana shortens the distance between research and implementation. He has received feedback from farmers who have seen improvements in their fields because of MSU’s research.

For Rakkar, who joined MSU’s faculty in 2021, watching that research make a difference in real time has been rewarding.

“It’s been a great learning experience, not just for the farmers. I think for me as well,” she said. “It’s always great to listen to what they are doing. We share our findings and then we come up with more fruitful results at the end of the day.”

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page B17

WORK. EASIER. FASTER. BETTER. Full inventory and pricing online

TILLAGE VOLUME DISCOUNTS! ALL LOCATIONS Early SeasonVolume Discounts onTillageTools and Land Rollers:

10% off already low prices for more than 400 acres 20% off already low prices for more than 800 acres Until May 10, Daily Minimum Required

Great Plains TurboTill

Degelman Pro Till Breaking Disks

Heavy Harrows

High Speed Discs as low as $9.20 per acre!

Land Rollers as low as $3.10 per acre!

Mandako Land Roller

INCLUDES VERTICAL TILLAGE TOOLS AND

HEAVY HARROWS

daily minimum required

until April 10

Try Vertical Tillage to: prepare a clean, level seed bed stimulate weed and volunteer seed germination •

•

Visit Us Online to View Our HUGE Assortment of Rental Inventory! ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

www. Glasgow-Rental.com

www. LewistownRental.com

www. Hi-LineRental.com

www. GoldenTriangleRental.com

406-228-8822

406-265-3375

406-538-9033

406-771-RENT

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page B18

Versatile RT490 RENTAL: Monthly: USD $14,000 - $20,000 Engine Hourly: USD $140 Yearly: USD $28,000/66 month Lease $28,000 down

Steiger Cougar lll ST251 Cummins NTA855, 251 hp, 4WD, 4 hydraulics, duals, heat, air & radio.

RENTAL: Engine Hourly: USD $100

Flexi-Coil 3450 45-ft., 12” spacing, 350 bushel tank, single shoot, stealth openers, capped 2-1/2” steel packers.

RENTAL: Monthly: USD $25,000 Acre: USD $8

Flexi-Coil 5000 45-ft. air drill, 9” spacing, 350 bushel grain tank.

RENTAL: Monthly: USD $25,000 Acre: USD $8

2012 Versatile SX275 100-ft., 1200 gallon stainless steel tank, Cummins 275 hp, GPS, triple nozzle bodies.

RENTAL: Daily: USD $1500 Weekly: USD $7500 Monthly: USD $30,000 Engine hourly: USD $140

2020 Versatile 375 38’ 4” disc, 9” spacing, 24” blade size, scrapers, hydraulic depth control, walking tandems, rolling basket, 3-section folding.

RENTAL: Daily: USD $900 Monthly: USD $30,000 Acre: USD $8 Yearly: USD $19,000/72 month Lease $24,000 down

Flexi-Coil 5000 45-ft. air drill, 12” spacing, 230 bushel tank.

RENTAL: Monthly: USD $25,000 Acre: USD $8

2015 Versatile SX280 100-ft., 3 auto, 3 sensors, full guidance Raven controls, 1200 gallon stainless tank, 3” side fill, mixing cone, 200 gallon fresh water tank, triple nozzle bodies, 5 boom control, very clean.

RENTAL: Daily: USD $1500 Weekly: USD $7500 Monthly: USD $30,000 Engine Hourly: USD $140

2005 Spra-Coupe 7650 90-ft., Raven rate contoller & autosteer, 660 gallon plastic tank, chemical inductor, triple nozzle bodies, Perkins engine.

RENTAL: Daily: USD $900 Monthly: USD $10,000 Engine Hourly: USD $120

IT’S THAT TIME OF YEAR...

GET YOUR RENTAL EQUIPMENT HERE!

2016 Farm King 6650 32-ft., scrapers, 3-section folding, field ready.

RENTAL: Daily: USD $500 Monthly: USD $25,000 Acre: USD $8

1998 Concord 3612 36-ft., 12” spacing, 230 bushel tank, double shoot Dutch openers with 4” spread, high lift cushion shanks 205 Radial packer wheels, very nice drill.

RENTAL: Monthly: USD $10,000 Acre: USD $8

1982 Steiger Bearcat lll ST225 4WD, 225 hp., 4 standard hydraulics, duals.

RENTAL: Engine Hourly: USD $100 1985 Versatile 856 Cummins L10, 240 hp, 4WD, 4 standard hydraulics, duals.

RENTAL: Engine Hourly: USD $100

1981 Versatile 835 Cummins NTA855, 230 hp, 4WD, 4 standard hydraulics, duals, nice clean one owner tractor.

RENTAL: Daily: USD $100 Weekly: USD $6000 Monthly: USD $15,000 Engine Hourly: USD $100 2018 Versatile 320 32’ disc, 8” spacing, all NEW 22” wavy, discs, rolling basket, 3-section folding.

RENTAL: Daily: USD $800 Acre: USD $8

1997 Case IH 9380 Cummins N14, syncro transmission, 4WD, 4 hydraulics, duals, air/heat/radio.

RENTAL: Monthly: USD $25,000 - $30,000 Engine Hourly: USD $130

2013 Farm King 4490 28-ft., 9” spacing, 24” smooth front & rear, 8mm (5/16”) width, stone flex hangers, 410WSS bearings.

RENTAL: Monthly: USD $25,000 Acre: USD $8

1988 Versatile 976 Cummins NTA855A, 370 hp, 4 standard hydraulic flow, 4WD, duals, air/heat/radio.

RENTAL: Daily: USD $900 Monthly: USD $25,000 Engine hourly: USD $120 1982 Versatile 1150 Cummins KTA1150A, 470 hp., 4WD, 4 hydraulics, Synchro transmission, good tractor, have the triples, just not on in picture, runs great RENTAL: Daily: USD $900 Weekly: USD $7500 Monthly: USD $25,000 Engine Hourly: USD $150

1983 Versatile 835 lll 4WD, 250 hp, 4 high flow hydraulics, duals, air/heat/radio.

RENTAL: Daily: USD $1000 Engine Hourly: USD $100

E-Z Trail 710 710 bushel grain cart, pivoting auger, 1000 PTO. RENTAL: Daily: USD $500

Give us a call to get more information about weekly and monthly rates, to schedule delivery, and more!

1978 Versatile 875 Cummins, 280 hp, 4WD, 4 hydraulics, duals.

Call For Availability

• www.bigequipment.com •

406-265-9554 or 888-265-9554 Owner: Ron Harmon • CELL: 406-265-0096

1287 Highway 87 • HAVRE, MT 59501

Sales: Marty Lundstrom 406-654-7255

Parts: Matt • 406-265-9554

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page B19

406-265-9554 or 888-265-9554 1287 Highway 87 • Havre, MT 59501

• www.bigequipment.com •

1979 Big Bud 400/30 Recent in-line rebuild, Big Cam new style 855 to 400 hp, twin disc Powershift, Clark 70,000 lb. axles, new paint & decals, air drill hydraulics with Brandt flow control valves, Super Sharp! $115,000

2018 Versatile 610DT Cummins engine, 605 hp, PowerShift transmission, 36” tracks, 4WD, 6 remotes $475,000

1985 Versatile 856 Cummins, 240 hp, 4WD, 7643 hours, duals, 4 remotes, air, heat, radio $32,500

Owner: Ron Harmon CELL: 406-265-0096

John Deere 9420 Very clean tractor Call for Special Price

Sales: Marty Lundstrom 406-654-7255

1982 Versatile 1150 Good tractor, have the triples just not on in the pictures, runs great $75,000

1980 Versatile 875 280 hp, 6285 hours. Runs great, tires are not the best. $20,000 1976 Versatile 850 II Nice older tractor, well taken care of, runs great $28,000

Parts: Matt 406-265-9554

1983 Versatile 835 III 250 hp, 4WD, 4932 hours, duals, 4 rear remotes, high flow hydraulics. $28,000

1982 Steiger Bearcat III ST225 225 hp, 4 WD, 4 remotes, duals, 9100 hours. $25,000

1979 Big Bud 320/10 320 hp, Cummins NTA855, 6077 hours, duals, 3 remotes, high flow hydraulics, 4WD $62,500

1981 Versatile 835 Cummins NTA855 engine, 230 hp, 4WD, 18.4-38 tires all around $28,000

1969 Versatile 145 Cab is from a 875 completely reconditioned.

There are only 2 things wrong with this tractor: tires and the a/c is R12. The family thinks this tractor was purchased new, so one owner. Used up until 3 years ago.

2012 Versatile SX275 John Deere rate control and auto steer, 100-ft. booms. $159,500

Morris 7240 240 bushel tow between with 39-ft., 12” spacing, single shoot steel packers. $35,000

Steiger Cougar III ST251 Cummins NTA855 engine, 251 hp, 4WD, 4 remotes, 20.8-38 tires all around $22,250 2005 Spra-Coupe 7650 Raven rate controller, Raven autosteer, 660 gallon plastic tank, chemical inductor, triple nozzle bodies, Perkins engine

New Holland SF115 100-ft. booms, 1600 gallon tank, 20” nozzles $30,000

2015 Versatile SX280 100-ft. booms, 1200 gallon stainless tank. Very clean

2019 Bourgault 9500-70 5-section folding, 12” spacing, hydraulic depth control, walking tandems, 70-ft. width, field ready. $130,000

2020 Versatile Vertical Tillage

1989 Caterpillar D3C 4-way tilt blade, multi-shank ripper, undercarriage and track 50%, 3595 hours. $29,500

2016 Farm King 6650 32-ft., 3 section folding.

Very nice low acre disc. $59,500

Friggstad 53 Clean Chisel Plow Nichols knock on shovels $22,000

1997 Case IH 9380 Cummins N14, 450 HP, 4WD, 24 speed Synchro transmission, front and rear weights. $75,000

K-Hart 60-10 350 bushel tank, 60-ft., 10” spacing, just traded, field ready, will separate.

CALL US FOR ALL YOUR RENTAL EQUIPMENT NEEDS! Ask about weekly and monthly rates, to schedule delivery, and more!

Morris 8900 Extremely clean chisel plow $27,500

Flexi-Coil 2320 230 bushel tank, 60-ft., 9” spacing, Valmar granular applicator, coil packer.

Nice clean unit. $50,000

2012 Versatile RT490 Cummins 490 hp, 340 bushel tank, straw chopper/spreader, 873/528 hours $140,000

See more photos and details!

www.bigequipment.com

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page B20

Has the Trader’s Dispatch helped you find what you were looking for? Please tell an advertiser!

2 W Custom and Full Service Manure Spreading

4 2 Spreader trucks available 4 We also offer side dump hauling for long hauls Loader and Skid Steer Available

Affordable • Reliable • Dependable

Call for a quote today!

Larry - 406-899-5515 OR Robert - 406-590-6238

CASCADE MACHINE & SUPPLY visit us on the web: www.cascademachineco.com 401 4th Avenue South • Great Falls, MT 59405

406-453-8100

AL10223 Albaugh Trio1 Qtr Page 6 x 6.66 Trader’s Dispatch

WELL, THIS CHANGES

EVERYTHING THEY’RE HERE. THREE PROVEN ALTERNATIVES SURE TO GIVE YOUR BOTTOM LINE A LIFT.

ANCHOR 3L ST ™

ACTIVE: METALAXYL-M (Mefenoxam) Trusted systemic control of seed- and soil-borne fungi.

ACE 3.8L ST ™

ACTIVE: IPCONAZOLE

Reliable, highly versatile fungicide delivers enhanced disease protection.

LEGEND 5L ST ™

ACTIVE: THIAMETHOXAM One of the most proven and consistently effective insecticide treatments.

TREAT ‘EM RIGHT. LEARN MORE AT ALBAUGHSEEDTREATMENT.COM ©2022 Albaugh, LLC. All rights reserved. Albaugh and the Albaugh logo are registered trademarks and Anchor, Ace and Legend are trademarks of Albaugh, LLC. Always read and follow label restrictions, precautions and directions for use. Some products may not be registered for sale or use in all states or counties. Please check with your local extension service to ensure registration status. Anchor EPA# 42750-390. Ace EPA# 45002-40. Legend EPA# 45002-44.

Seeds and transplanting

• When using pots or trays that have been used previously, disinfect them by scrubbing them in warm soapy water, then rinse well.

• When planting seeds indoors, it is important to use a sterile medium. Garden soil can be used but it should be sterilized. Since this is a tedious procedure, it is probably better to use a commercially available mix.

• Once you’ve added potting soil to your pots, firm the mixture down to ½” (1.2 cm) from the top to the container using a flat piece of wood or the base of another pot.

• Sow the seeds thinly and evenly. Cover large seeds with ¼” (6mm) sieved compost, while smaller seeds just need a light dusting of compost. An old coarse flour sieve is ideal for sieving the compost.

• Water the compost by standing the tray or pot in water halfway up its sides. Remove from the water when the compost is well wet.

• Label the containers and cover with glass, polyethylene, or a clear heavy plastic bag. Individual pots can be placed inside plastic bags closed with a rubber band. This keeps the planting medium both warm and moist.

• Put trays and pots in a warm, shady place.

• If moisture forms inside the bag or on the glass, wipe it off.

• Seeds can take from five days to three weeks to germinate. Most seedlings show a pair of small round or oval leaves.

• When seedlings sprout, remove the covering. Otherwise, you risk suffocating the young seedlings. Place the tray or pot into a position where there is more light but out of direct sunshine.

• Seedlings need a lot of light. If they receive insufficient light they become tall and spindly or “leggy.”

• Place near a large window that receives full sun. In dull weather, artificial light should be used as well. Use bulbs recommended for growing plants and place them 12” (30 cm) above the seedlings. If using only artificial lighting, the lights will need to be kept on at least fourteen hours a day.

Fluorescent tubes don’t produce as much heat, reducing the chance of seedlings drying out quickly.

• The medium should be kept moist, but not wet or soggy.

Water from the base, allowing the medium to soak up the water like a sponge.

• To prevent seedlings from drying out, it is important to water carefully. If using total artificial lighting it is quite easy to predict how often watering is required. When using a sunny windowsill, it will help if the containers are placed on a raised bed of gravel spread across the bottom of a large pan with a small amount of water. Make sure the water level is below that of the gravel so that the plant containers rest on the gravel and not on the water.

• It is important not to start seeds indoors too early. If they outgrow trays or small pots, try thinning them and transplanting the largest to bigger pots, but it is easier to plant them outside just as they become large enough to survive transplanting. This is generally four to six weeks after sowing, when they have at least two sets of true leaves.

If aiming to plant in the first week of May, start the seeds around mid-March. Toward the end of this period, you may want to provide your seedlings a little food in the form of a weak, water-soluble fertilizer.

• As soon as the first true leaf appears from between the seed leaves, the seedlings are ready to be transplanted.

• When transplanting, fill a seed tray with compost. Mark out planting holes with a dibber or pencil to ensure even spacing. The holes should be spaced over 1” (2.5 cm) apart in each direction. A standard seed tray will accommodate forty to ninety seedlings. Using a plant label or a narrow piece of plastic, lever up a small clump of seedlings. Catch a seedling by one leaf and use the dibber or pencil to tease it away from the clump. Drop the seeding into the dibber.

When the tray is full of seedlings, label and water with a finerose attachment on a watering can. Place the tray in a cold frame or on an indoor window ledge but away from direct sunshine for a few days. Then move into direct sunlight for a few weeks until the plants are well established and healthy.

• Before planting out, the seedlings must be hardened off. Move to an unshaded cold frame or leave them under a covered porch or patio for a few days. Or cover them during nighttime with newspaper or a light sheet.

• When transferring transplanted seedlings either from a garden nursery or seeds started indoors, make sure the weather conditions are favorable before planting outdoors.

• Prepare the proper environment before planting out seedings. Good soil preparation is the single most important thing you can do for your plants. Loosen soil to at least 6” CONTINUED ON PAGE B22

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page B21

THE BRIDGE CHAIN HARROW Strong

Durable

Versatile

40+ years of Chain Harrow manufacturing

• Hay & Pasture • Prepping & Covering Seed Beds • Incorporating Manure • Landscaping • Pairing with other implements, and more.

New 900s and 1400s on order and coming soon!!

2023 H&S 5114 Hi-Capacity Bi-Fold Rake • A large diameter rake wheel hub is used for added strengthto the rake wheel dish.

• Adjustable height hitch

• A brake band on the 4 front gauge wheels can be easily adjusted to field conditions.

• Limited oscillating offset tandem transport wheels assure a smooth, level ride.

•Independent rake wheel suspension allows the rake wheels to follow the contour of the ground and low maintenance “Bee Hive” style springs support the large 60” rake wheels.

• Rake arms feature 2 ball bearings on each end of the arm for long life, smooth operation and less ear than rakes with bushings.

• Adjustment for the ground pressure on the rake wheels allows the operator to fine turn the 5114 and 5116 wheel rakes to fit varying conditions.

• Big 60” wheels with wind boards • Rakes up to 28-ft.

• 2 Independent castering gauge wheels plus tandem transport wheels on both sides.

• Independent rake wheel suspension

Six New 14 Wheel Hi-Capacity Rakes.........Priced to Sell 418 Main, Roundup, MT 1-888-423-2605 or 406-323-2605 Guy Maberry - cell 406-350-1167, home 406-538-3634

Contact us at or www.musselshellvalley.com or www.caseih.com/dealers/musselshellvalley

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page B22

Build spots for spring 2023 Spyders are almost booked!

Come see a 60-ft. Spyder working on our farm this coming spring

DBL Sales and Service, LLC

US Dealer for K-Hart Direct Seeding Disc Drills Dave and Brock Linker • 6960 North Coffee Creek Rd, Coffee Creek, MT 59424 Office phone: 406-567-2632 • Cell: 406-350-2266 or 406-350-2886

YOUR GRASS SEED SOURCE

Big Sky Wholesale Seeds, Inc. Box 852, Shelby, MT 59474 Phone 434-5011 Phone 434-5600 FAX 406-434-5014 E-mail: bigskyseeds@3rivers.net

Native Dryland Items Mountain Brome Idaho Fescue Rough Fescue Sherman Big Bluegrass Sandberg Bluegrass Prairie Junegrass Basin Wildrye Streambank Wheatgrass Thickspike Wheatgrass Western Wheatgrass Bluebunch Wheatgrass Slender Wheatgrass Blue Grama Green Needlegrass Indian Ricegrass

Legumes

Alfalfa Big Sky Ladak Alfalfa Roundup Ready Alfalfa Sainfoin Alsike Clover Red Clover Yellow Blossom Sweet Clover Cicer Milkvetch Birdsfoot Treefoil

Tame Dryland Items Smooth Brome

Put our Meadow Brome Sheep Fescue “over four Hard Fescue Orchardgrass decades of Paiute Russian Wildrye Wildrye experience in Dahurian Tall Wheatgrass Intermediate Wheatgrass the grass Pubescent Wheatgrass A/C Saltlander seed & Crested Wheatgrass Hycrest Crested Wheatgrass legume Siberian Wheatgrass business” Wetland Native Items to work on Nuttal Alkaligrass Tufted Hairgrass your farm Tame Wetland Items or ranch Reed Canarygrass Garrison Creeping Foxtail Timothy

Visit our website

www.bigskyseeds.net

Seeds and transplanting CONTINUED FROM PAGE B20

(15 cm), add organic matter (such as peat moss, compost, or manure), and mix well. Rake to level.

• Plant when the soil is moist; if the weather is dry, then water the soil the day before transplanting.

• To transplant to the garden, knock the seed tray on the ground to loosen the compost and leave a space to insert a trowel or fingers beneath the compost. Break away a row of plants and gently separate each plant, ensuring there is a good root system. Dig a planting hole with a trowel; make it wide and deep enough to accommodate the plant’s root system. Set the plant so that the base of the stem is level with the surface of the soil. Fill the hole and firm down the soil around the plant.

• Encourage bushy plants by pinching out the growing tip.

• The spacing between plants depends on the species of plant. A general rule is to space plants apart half their eventual height, except for plants that spread, which should be spaced full height apart.

• Don’t smother new plants with too thick a soil blanket.

• Nourish young plants well during growth spurts. Water with diluted water-soluble fertilizers or manure tea from a watering can, or side-dress the plants with compost.

• Weeds rob seedlings of nutrients, so constant weeding is important to ensure sturdy plants.

• Once plants flower, keep the color coming by removing faded flower heads (deadheading).

• If a flowering plant blooms and then fades, revitalize it by shearing off the faded blooms and one-third of the top growth, then fertilize. This restores the performance and blooming of “past their prime” plants.

• It helps to pinch out the center of young flowering plants, such as petunias and fuchsias, to encourage more bushy side growth. Tall delphiniums, sunflowers, and dahlias may need to be tied to stakes.

• When moving perennials, it is a good time to acquire more plants. Pull off the side shoots and transplant in a new location where the soil has been loosened and well watered.

It is advisable to do this on a cloudy day.

• When choosing plants from a garden center, always pick healthy stock. Select stocky, deep-green plants with buds slightly showing. Spindly plants in full bloom make poor transplants. Avoid plants with discolored or wilted leaves.

• When transplanting, select plants that are about as tall as they are wide, dark-green in color, vigorously growing, and free of spots or lesions on the leaves, indicating disease problems.

• If bedding plant transplants have become root bound (roots are crowded and encircling each other), gently loosen the root ball at planting time.

• Set the root ball of the transplant into the hole, filling in around it with soil. Leave enough space between seedlings to allow each plant to reach its mature potential without crowding its neighbors.

• Transplant larger nursery stock the same way you would seedlings. Control invasive plants, such as tansy, mint, or bamboo by planting them in their pots to contain their runners. Just cut the bottom out of the pot before planting.

• Do not fertilize transplants for several weeks. Instead, water thoroughly, using a splash of B vitamins to help overcome transplant shock. Water regularly until plants show new growth, indicating they’re rooting and surviving well.

• Grow varieties of plants that require little or no staking and plant closely so they support each other.

• Before planting shrubs in the garden, lay the plants out in their pots roughly in the place where you plan to plant them. This way you’ll be able to check if they are in the right places before any heavy work has been done.

• When bringing delicate plants indoors to protect them from cold weather, put several into the same pot to take up less space.

• If tender buds or shoots become frozen, thaw them out slowly by spraying with cold water before the sun shines.

Otherwise they may get scorched.

• Planting seeds too closely together or overwatering can cause damping-off disease where the base of the seedling turns brown and dies.

Cyrus McCormick Cyrus McCormick is considered the “Father of Modern Agriculture.” He invented the world’s first mechanical reaper in 1831, which helped replace manpower for machine power to harvest crops. His invention is often cited as key in the westward expansion of the United States. Jo Anderson, a slave, also worked with McCormick to develop the mechanical reaper.

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page B23

Lover’s Day

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When is Lover’s Day? This holiday is always observed on April 23 Do you see it? Do you smell it? Can you sense it? Love is in the air. That’s because it’s Lover’s Day. This April 23 holiday another day for romance and perhaps…marriage!? And, you can’t have too many days that celebrate passion and romance.

When you’re in love, every day is Lover’s Day. Sometimes, however, shy and timid people need a little incentive to express their love or to take a “leap”. Valentine’s Day is one such opportunity. Today’s holiday is yet another chance at love.

Some people plan their weddings on Lover’s Day. It certainly is an appropriate date.

So, what do you do on Lover’s Day? For starters, express your love to that special someone in whatever way you feel is appropriate. It doesn’t have to be gifts. We suggest you cap off this day doing what lovers do…………………..

A line from the poem Locksley Hall, by Alfred, Lord Tennyson: “In the Spring a young man’s fancy lightly turns to thoughts of love.”

How to celebrate this romantic day: Do what lovers do.

Are you currently unattached? Get out in public and search for that special someone.

Write a poem to that special person.

Send your lover an old-fashioned, hand-written love letter.

Have a romantic, candlelight dinner at home or in a restaurant.

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Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page B24

Fencing impacts on wildlife movement

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Wildlife must move to find resources and landscape connectivity is critical for their survival but fences and other linear features such as roads and railways can create obstacles to movement and contribute to population declines. Despite the extensive use of fencing globally, its impacts on wildlife are difficult to quantify due to a widespread lack of data.

A new study offers tools to evaluate the effects of fences on wildlife migrations in southwest Montana, using both modeling techniques and high-quality satellite imagery.

When paired with wildlife location data, these maps can elucidate a far more accurate picture of how fence density and fence type impact daily and seasonal movements. The results of this study were highlighted in Advancing fence datasets: Comparing approaches to map fence locations and specifications in southwest Montana published in Frontiers in Conservation Science as a part of a collection of scientific papers focused on fence ecology.

“We simply don’t have maps for fences in the way we do for roads or buildings. And this is a huge limitation for wildlife ecology given the extent of fencing on the landscape and the rapid pace of habitat change occurring across the globe,” said Simon Buzzard, senior coordinator for Wildlife Connectivity at the National Wildlife Federation and lead author of the study. According to Buzzard, southwest Montana is home to a diversity of wildlife species that must migrate to find food, shelter and suitable breeding habitat but fences can get in the way. “High-quality data can help landowners and resource managers prioritize conversions to wildlifefriendlier fence designs to ensure wildlife can continue their migrations into the future,” Buzzard said.

Fencing is a fixture of working lands in the West and proven strategies exist to build fences that are less of a hindrance to migrating wildlife while keeping livestock contained. In addition, conservation partnerships can provide the necessary resources to modify fences to wildlife-friendlier designs in priority areas. Increasing the bottom-wire height to 18 inches allows for pronghorn and juvenile elk, moose and deer to cross under a fence while lowering the top wire to 40 inches helps jumping animals avoid entanglement.

However, the study found only 3% of sampled fences in Beaverhead and Madison Counties had wildlife-friendlier bottom wire heights of 18 inches or higher, and only 6% had top-wire heights measuring 40 inches or less.

“This is what you might expect, given that historically, fences were likely not built with wildlife in mind. But now we have the science, the capacity and the relationships we need to revisit this and create something that works for both wildlife and people,” said Jim Berkey, director of the High Divide Headwaters program in southwest Montana for The Nature Conservancy, an organization that assisted with the study.

The study also found that fences on public lands were not, on average, more wildlife-friendly than fences on private lands in this region of southwest Montana. This area is a patchwork of private and public lands, and recent movement data shows extensive pronghorn migrations (some reaching 200 miles roundtrip) across land boundaries and the state border into Idaho.

“Identifying fences on a map gives a basis for partnerships to rally around and target conservation efforts, leading to more available habitat for wildlife on the move,” said Andrew Jakes, Great Plains Science program manager for Smithsonian’s National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute and co-author of the study.

There is greater attention at the federal level to provide funding and policy directives for federal agencies to work with states to conserve migration routes, such as the Bureau of Land Management’s Habitat Connectivity on Public Lands Instruction Memorandum. In addition, several western states such as Colorado, Nevada, Wyoming and New Mexico have executive orders or state laws in place protecting migration corridors. These, and other policies, can help provide funds and data analysis to prioritize fence modifications to wildlifefriendlier standards where it’s needed most.

Visit the National Wildlife Federation Media Center at NWF.org/News.

First college football game

The first college football game was played on November 6, 1869, between Rutgers and Princeton (then known as the College of New Jersey) in New Brunswick, New Jersey.

Rutgers won.

Sweetpotato clones with improved insect resistance and weed tolerance

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page B25

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By Jessica Ryan, ARS Researchers with the U.S. Department bush-type varieties have been developed of Agriculture (USDA)’s Agricultural Refor other traditionally vining crops such search Service (ARS) and Clemson Unias bean, cucumber, winter squash and waversity are developing new, insect-resistant, termelon,” said Wadl. “For sweetpotato, a and weed-tolerant sweetpotato germplasm small number of bush-type cultivars already 780 1st Rd. S - Vaughn, MT that will improve weed management and exist but are not resistant to insect pests.”

Call The Weaver Family (406) 788-7989 www.bigskysawmill.vpweb.com sustainability for this nutrient-packed vegWadl and the researchers plan to continue e-mail: bigskysawmill@gmail.com etable. ongoing research to develop new insect-reThe researchers, whose efforts appear sistant germplasm in collaboration with Dr. in the journal Weed Technology, bred and Matthew Cutulle’s vegetable weed science selected fast-growing sweetpotato clones program at Clemson University’s Coastal that have semi-erect to erect canopy archiResearch and Education Center. tecture, resulting in upright plant growth.

“Reducing the critical weed-free period They identified two sweetpotato clones that in a crop or the amount of time that a crop had reduced weeds, exhibited broad insect must remain weed-free to avoid yield loss resistance, and produced higher yields. is critical to the profitability of growers,” “Weed management is consistently said Cutulle. ranked among the top priorities of the U.S. “The sweetpotato clones that are gensweetpotato industry,” said Phillip Wadl, a erated out of Dr. Wadl’s program have research geneticist at ARS’s U.S. Vegetable improved plant architecture that decreases Laboratory in Charleston, South Carolina. the critical weed-free period and increases “Breeding sweetpotatoes that are competthe competitiveness of sweetpotato versus itive with weeds offers a practical solution, weeds.” because many widely grown sweetpotato cultivars tend to grow long vines in a sprawling manner, whereas sweetpotatoes with fast-growing upright and compact plant architecture can outcompete weeds.” aerial view of sweetpotatoesAn aerial view of differYour new Trimble System is! ent growth types of sweetpotato. ARS researchers New displays to choose from: are developing sweetpotato germplasm with more upright growth and less vining.

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By Joe Zeleznik, Forester, NDSU Extension We got some pretty big news in early March. Emerald ash borer (EAB) was found in Moorhead, Minnesota, by the city’s forestry crew.

EAB is a non-native insect that’s been in North America for more than 20 years, killing ash trees. It was discovered in the United States near Detroit, Michigan, and has been slowly spreading towards North Dakota.

On the one hand, the find in Moorhead wasn’t much of a surprise. We’ve known for a long time that EAB would eventually make its way to our area. Previously, the closest infestation in Minnesota was Sauk Centre, about 130 miles southeast of Fargo.

EAB was discovered in Sauk Centre in 2019.

And then, it didn’t come any closer in 2020, 2021 or 2022.

The recent find is a big jump. The insect likely arrived via human means.

What does the Moorhead discovery mean for North Dakota?

That’s such a broad question that it’s difficult to give an easy, direct answer. If you don’t have ash trees in your yard or shelterbelt, then there’s no risk to your trees. And there’s a big difference, at least in the short run, depending on where you live. I’m pretty sure we won’t find EAB for a while in, say, rural McIntosh County. A find in Fargo is much more likely.

If you suspect that your ash tree is infested with EAB, you can report it to the North Dakota Department of Agriculture via their website at http://www.ndda.nd.gov/eab or via email at reportapest@nd.gov.

In the short run, folks in the Fargo-Moorhead metro area must think about making some decisions.

Do you want to keep your ash trees for the future, or is it time to remove and replace them? It’s not an easy choice.

City foresters throughout the region have been working for years to reduce the percent of ash trees in the urban forest.

It’s a difficult task, as green ash was the most-planted tree species for a long time.

I can understand why.

Green ash grows quickly and is adapted to a variety of sites across the state – sandy soils, wet sites, and even salty areas have green ash growing in them. Green ash often can tolerate the compacted soils found in urban areas. It’s an amazing tree.

And the risk to that species just went up.

Looking at costs and benefits can help with your decision making. For trees that have poor structure or are in declining health, it’s pretty easy to justify removal and replacement.

That’s actually been the main approach of those city foresters working towards diversification. Remove the trees that don’t provide much benefits – perhaps those that are still small or are located under power lines – but keep the ones that are in good health and are structurally sound.

Even though there’s a cost to removing trees and planting new ones, there are benefits as well, and the risk of loss is substantially decreased.

Retaining those larger, healthier ash trees also comes at a cost. There are several effective chemical treatments available for controlling EAB. While many of these are available to homeowners, the treatments that professionals offer are usually more effective, as the professional-grade chemicals are at higher concentrations than those available for homeowner use.

The chemical insecticides used to control EAB must be reapplied every 1 to 2 years, depending on which one is being used. That annual cost has to be factored into your decision making. In any given area, EAB is likely to take at least 10 years to work its way through the local population of ash trees. Do you want to continue to treat your ash tree – or trees – for that long?

Decisions. And they’re not easy ones.

My wife and I have to decide what to do with our own ash trees. I’m pretty sure we’ll take out the one that’s closest to the house. It lost a major branch about five years ago, and I’ve already planted its replacement underneath the current crown. That young tree is now four years old and is establishing well.

Will we treat the other ash tree and keep it? Or should we take it out?

Only time will tell. ##### Q: Why did the one armed man cross the road?

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##### Being an astronaut is funny. It’s the only job where you get fired before you start work.

World Penguin Day and Penguin Awareness Day

When is Penguin Awareness Day? This holiday is always observed on January 20 When is World Penguin Day? This holiday is always observed on April 25 Penguin Awareness Day, and World Penguin Day are great opportunities to learn about and appreciate one of the few natives of Antarctica. On these days, spend a little time learning about them…. a pictorial book or internet site is fun. You can also watch a documentary of these cute and popular, grounded birds.

These days are also a time to wear black and white—penguin colors. However, wearing a tuxedo in their honor is optional. It is also popular today to tell a penguin joke or two.

Did you know? Penguins are found in Antarctica, South Africa, Australia, New Zealand, Chile, Peru, the Falkland Islands, and the Galapagos Islands. Elsewhere, they are only found in zoos.

How to Celebrate Penguin Days Go to a zoo or aquarium to see them. They are fun to watch when they are active.

Waddle like a penguin.

Watch a nature documentary featuring them.

Research them on the internet.

Go to the library and read out a book about them.

World Penguin Day History and Origin of Penguin Day World Penguin Day coincides with the annual northward migration of penguins. This happens each year on or around April 25th. They do not fly. Rather, they walk or waddle their way to and from.

DId You Know? The only bird that can swim but not fly is the Penguin.

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page B27

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Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page B28

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Manure additive shows swine odor reduction

By Robin C. Brandt, Senior Lecturer; Agricultural and Biological Engineering; Herschel A. Elliott, Professor; Agricultural and Biological Engineering; Eileen E. Fabian, Professor; Agricultural and Biological Engineering; Michael L. Hile, Graduate Student Agricultural and Biological Engineering; Robert E. Mikesell, Senior Instructor, Animal Science, Penn State Extension Some commercial products include dried As such, humic manure additives repbacteria or enzymes that are claimed to resent one practice that can be useful in a enhance the ability of the microbial comcomprehensive strategy for odor avoidance munity to remove odorous compounds. and control.

Some additives are adsorbents that selecA demonstration project performed by tively bind odorous gases and prevent their Penn State researchers on a full scale swine release to the atmosphere. Finally, some finishing operation found that a humic adinorganic chemicals alter the manure pH ditive demonstrated statistically significant which will suppress the release of specific swine odor reduction. This was true for odor odorous gases. emission rate from barn ventilation exhaust Effectiveness of Manure Additives and field odor concentrations where the The efficacy of odor control additives is swine manure had been surface-applied. highly variable. In general, studies to-date It is important to recognize that these show that no additive totally eliminates results cannot be universally extrapolated odors, and most have very limited success to other odor control products or even in odor reduction. Yet manure additives necessarily to other scenarios using the have anecdotally provided on-farm odor same additive. Producers must be cautious control under specific conditions. The lack in assuming that odor reduction claims are of universal success of odor control addidirectly translatable to their specific conditives is likely due, in part, to their inability tions. to degrade all of the important compounds Introduction that collectively contribute to manure odors.

Odor-related nuisance complaints associMany of the past studies on manure addiated with animal production facilities can tives have been conducted in the laboratory occur as residential sprawl encroaches on and collected data that were not subject to once rural areas. Odors, once considered strict methodological procedures suitable to simply an inconvenience, can now threaten statistical analyses. As protocols for reliable the survivability of some animal operations. field olfactometry odor evaluations are now Malodors are associated with collection available (Brandt et al., 2011), the capability storage, transport and disposal of animal exists to rigorously evaluate odor reduction manures. Limiting odors from animal agpotential of manure additives under actual ricultural operations is one of the most difconditions in full-scale animal production ficult and pressing issues facing agriculture. operations.

In recent years, many innovative treatOdor Detection and Quantification ment strategies such as anaerobic digestion Direct sensory methods (olfactometry) and solids separation have become availusing human subjects are considered the able to farmers for managing livestock most reliable means of detecting and quanmanure odors. While these methods have tifying odors. Olfactometry approaches fall proven effective, they tend to be costly into two categories: portable field-based and require special operational expertise. and stationary laboratory-based. Both apStrategies such as diet modifications and proaches involve controlled mixing of odorapplication of manure additives are popuous air with odor-free air to achieve known lar because of the ease of implementation. dilutions that are presented to a panel of Many commercial additives are advertised pre-qualified human assessors. Starting with to reduce manure odors. While there are highly diluted samples below human detecmany testimonials and marketing claims tion, progressively higher concentrations supporting the effectiveness of additives, are used until an odor can be first detected. few have been evaluated under controlled, This is called the threshold level. Odor unbiased conditions. Of those additives that strength is then inversely proportional to the have been investigated, studies show that dilution ratio. For example, strong odors can odor reduction is inconsistent, temporary, be detected even when highly diluted with or even nonexistent. Yet, manure additives odor-free air. The dilution ratio where this continue to be a popular method of manure sensory threshold occurs with field olfacodor control. tometry is called dilutions-to-threshold, D/T Manure Additives for Odor Control (St. Croix Sensory, 2003). A strong odor will Livestock manures contain literally hunhave a high D/T value, while a weak odor dreds of compounds, many of which are a will have a low D/T value. potential source of malodorous gases. Some Field Olfactormeter Odor Dilutions-tocompounds are directly volatilized and can Threshold (D/T) = volume of odor-free air/ contribute to odor, while other compounds volume of odorous air are converted to potentially odorous gases For direct field-based odor measurement, through microbial breakdown. Many of hand-held portable olfactometer units (Figthe most offensive odors associated with ure #1) are used where human assessors manures result from microbial breakdown sniff odorous air at various pre-set dilution of organic matter. ratios.

In a broad sense, odor control additives either act to change the nature of the odor itself, act on the complex microbial community that synthesize the odorous compounds, or modify the physical-chemical environment to suppress release of odorous gases. Some additives may work through more than one mechanism. Additives that alter the nature of the odor include masking agents or counteractants that cover or neutralize the targeted odor. Strong oxidizing agents or germicidal compounds suppress the microbial processes that generate odors, Figure 1. Field Olfactometer Odor Panel or chemically oxidize the compounds to less odorous ones.

CONTINUED ON PAGE B30

Double cropping forages on crop ground

By Jerry Volesky, UNL There are many producers looking at ways to grow more forage for hay or pasture. Double cropping annual forages can be an option.

Successful double cropping of annual forages requires good planning and timely operations along with some timely moisture. To use this approach this spring, small grains like oats or spring triticale, would need to be planted here in late March to early April. Grazing of these plantings can begin around the third week of May last until early July if stocked and managed properly.

As portions of this spring planting get grazed out, the double crop of a summer annual grass like sudangrass or pearl millet can be planted. With adequate moisture, the summer annual grass will be ready to graze in forty-five to fifty days and may last through September.

This double crop forage strategy works even better if winter annual cereals like winter rye, wheat, or triticale were planted last fall for spring forage. They will be ready to graze earlier than any spring planting and like the spring plantings, as portions are grazed out, plant summer annual grasses to begin grazing them by mid-summer.

Another strategy is to plant the summer annual grasses first in mid- to late May. Graze portions of them out in August, then plant oats or turnips or both for late fall and winter grazing.

Of course, adequate moisture or irrigation is needed for these options to produce both double crops. Thus, it is wise to have a nearby pasture where animals can be placed and fed temporarily if extra time is needed to grow sufficient forage for grazing.

Subsistence farmers Subsistence farmers are farmers who produce the food they need to survive on a daily basis. They are farmers who raise enough food for themselves and their families. The food is not intended to be sold in a market.

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page B29

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Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page B30

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2-Used WadeRain wheellines, new in 2000. 5” pipe, 5-ft. wheels, 40-ft. pipe. Well maintained. Includes: inlet or center feed, hose, end plug and valve opener so irrigation ready. As is, you dismantle and haul.

1720-ft. long.............................................................. $9000 1560-ft. long.............................................................. $8600 2-Nelson P200 Big Guns on carts for 6” ringlock pipe. Includes cart........................................................ $1500 ea.

Approximately 1/3 mile A&M 6” ringlock Series 55 aluminum pipe. 6” x 30-ft. pipe. As is, pipe stacked, ready to go................................................................. $135 ea pipe Phone (406) 600-4146, Bozeman, Montana

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Manure additive shows swine odor reduction CONTINUED FROM PAGE B28

Alternatively, samples of odorous air can be collected in special bags and transported to a laboratory for evaluation using a dynamic triangular forced-choice olfactometer (DTFCO). This instrument dilutes odor samples with odor-free air for presentation to a panel of assessors under highly controlled conditions (the international gold standard). Laboratory DTFCO detection threshold (DT) is calculated a little differently than for field olfactometry, but calculation results are similar for strong odors.

Odor D/T (field) or DT (laboratory) measures are dimensionless odor concentration dilution ratios and are, therefore, dimensionless values. A pseudo-dimension called odor units per cubic meter (OU/m3) is directly assigned to DT results to calculate an odor emission rate (OER), when air movement can be determined (or assumed). In the case of mechanically-ventilated animal housing, once the odor DT concentration has been established using olfactometry, the OER can be calculated using ventilation fan air flow rate (in cubic meters per minute, for example).

OER = Odor emission rate (OU/min) = odor concentration DT (OU/m3) x fan air flow rate (m3/min) Manure Additive On-Farm Demonstration Project Methods A demonstration project was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of a commercial humic-based additive1 for the control of liquid swine manure odors. Humic additives are extract solutions from partially decomposed stable organic matter. This microbially resistant solution of dark brown colloidal organic decomposition products is characterized by large complex molecules with high chemical reactivity. Humic materials are incompletely understood, but are known to act as a biostimulant.

Two similarly-operated, 2,250-pig, tunnel-ventilated finishing barns (Figure #2) on one farm were used for the demonstration.

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Figure 2. Demonstration Hog Finishing Barn

Barns were widely-separated by 1,800 feet of woodland and fields and were occupied by pigs of similar age. The underfloor manure storage pit (5-ft deep) of one barn received monthly additions (shock-treatments) with the additive while the other barn received no additive. After 20 weeks when hogs were finished for market and barns cleaned for restocking, treatments were switched so the previously untreated barn received the amendment.

Treatment by the farm operator involved pouring the liquid additive through the center-aisle slotted floor at seven equallyspaced locations in each of the two rooms of each finishing barn (Fig #3).

Figure 3. Underfloor Manure Storage ShockTreatment

For the barn evaluation, one ventilation tunnel fan was operated at the end of each barn exhausting air horizontally (Figure #4).

Figure 4. Finishing Barn Tunnel Ventilation Fans

A four-person odor assessment team was located 30-feet away facing the barn exhaust fan. Each assessor was equipped with a Nasal Ranger® Field Olfactometer (NRO) unit and collected four separate observations each (16 total observations). Whole-air samples were also collected in odor-free Tedlar® bags during NRO observations and transported to campus for laboratory olfactometry. Exhaust fan output for each barn observation set was also measured to enable calculation of odor emission rates for both field and laboratory olfactometry assessment methods.

For the field study, manure removed from each of the two barns was field-applied in a 20-foot wide swath (7,000 gal/acre) in a 200-foot diameter ring. The odor assessment panel, stationed in the middle of the manure ring (Figure #1), gathered D/T data using field olfactometer units. Surface isolation flux chamber whole-air samples from manure-spread areas were collected in odor-free Tedlar® bags and transported to the olfactometry laboratory for evaluation (Figure #5).

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Five monthly shock-treatment applications each used 3.3 gal of amendment per 1,000-ft2 of manure pit surface area. Two evaluations were conducted to quantify the odor-control efficacy of the additive. First, LLC the OER from the two barns were compared.

Second, odors from land application of the two manure sources were evaluated.

Figure 5. Surface Flux Chamber and Vacuum Suitcase Sampler CONTINUED ON PAGE B33

Fertilizing cool season grass pastures

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page B31

LANDPLANE FOR SALE

By Brad Schick, UNL Eversman 2400 landplane. Delivery available.

Fertilizing cool season grass is something many producers $12,500 do each year while accounting for forage needs, moisture, Phone (406) 925-1950 the value of the forage, and fertilizer costs.

Fertilization of smooth bromegrass pastures should occur late March through Severinsen Irrigation LLC 406-467-3999 April. If the nitrogen is a 2231 HWY 89 Brett’s Cell single application, usually between 80 to 100 lbs. of Fairfield, MT 59436 406-590-5003 actual N per acre is suggested for eastern Nebraska.

The recommended application rate declines westward across the state with about 30 to 40 lbs. N per acre suggested for the Panhandle.

If doing split applications, usually it’s 2/3 in the spring and 1/3 in the fall when growth resumes on the cool season grasses. With fertilized pasture, be sure to include a rotational grazing plan that will effectively harvest the extra forage and provide the greatest return on the fertilizer investment.

Something to consider when deciding to fertilize cool season grass pastures, or any pasture for that matter, is that during drought years the forage quality might still be very high even though yield might be reduced. Again, moisture limits the efficiency of fertilizer.

Research conducted in Eastern Nebraska has shown a 30% increase in forage

yield with fertilization and the economic optimum rate is between 80 to 120 lbs.

406-759-5006 per acre. A crude protein increase from 16 to 20% was 717 Madison Ave., W. Chester, MT (near Liberty County Airport) seen with fertilizer applications up to 160 lbs. That is a lot of fertilizer, but it did increase crude protein and organic matter digestibil1” and 2.5” air seeder hose ity while decreasing NDF We stock a 6”, 7” and 8” rubber/flexible grain vacuum hose or neutral detergent fiber. large variety of Always be aware when apHoney Bee parts UII and Hart Cart reel parts plying fertilizer, especially in pastures and fields near water sources such as ponds. including rod weeder supplies.

Assure phosphorous and potassium levels are adequate for forage as well.

Brome pastures are hardy and we can and do graze them hard in Nebraska. Haying or grazing operations can benefit if managed correctly with fertilizer.

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Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page B32

Dairy goat production Penn State University

Dairy goat production is an alternative livestock enterprise suitable for many small-scale or part-time livestock operations. Some dairy goat producers have been successful in pasteurizing goat milk and building an on-farm jugging business, while others have ventured into processed milk products for retail distribution, especially specialty cheeses, yogurt, soap, and lotions. The potential also exists for selling milk to processors, usually on a regional basis. Although fluid milk and processed products are important markets, dairy goat producers should also consider the potential for selling animals to hobbyists and youth involved in vocational agriculture dairy projects.

In much of the developing world, goat milk is the primary milk source for humans. Goat milk is often sought for its perceived health benefits and unique taste. Although many health effects have been attributed to consuming goat milk, scientific evidence does not support most health claims. Goat milk is similar in composition to cow milk (Table 1), but some important dif-

ferences exist in the protein structure. Because of these differences, people who have allergies to cow milk can often drink goat milk, and the smaller fat globules in goat milk stay in suspension longer, which leads to the perception of “natural homogenization.” Goats are excellent browsers, which allows them to consume plants containing aromatic or flavor compounds that can impart the smell or flavor to the milk or cheese, thus providing an opportunity to generate unique specialty products.

Marketing The main marketing issue for prospective dairy goat producers is market entry for their product. There are few commercial processors to whom raw goat milk can be shipped, so many dairy goat producers build on-farm processing plants to produce products such as pasteurized bottled milk, yogurt, ice cream, cheese, and kefir.

Selling processed products directly on the farm or in the store does require additional management and marketing skills; however, profit margins tend to be higher per unit sold compared to sell-

ing to a commercial processor. It is against the law in most states, including Pennsylvania, to sell raw milk or raw milk products unless it has been inspected by state milk inspectors. Some alternative uses for goat milk include creating health care products such as soap and lotion or as an on-farm substitute for milk replacer in lamb, veal, and pig diets. To use goat milk as an alternative feed source requires the dairy goat producer to buy and market lambs, veal calves, or piglets. Experience in managing and marketing these other livestock is also required, but it allows for the use of goat milk without state inspection.

Dairy goat producers must also realize that income from the kid goat crop is important. In addition to marketing the milk, the producer must also have a kid goat marketing strategy. It may be beneficial to raise kid goats to different market weights for different market seasons.

Many ethnic groups are interested in purchasing kid goats, but producers must be aware of the desired weights and times when demand is greatest in such markets. For more information on raising meat goats, see “Agricultural Alternatives: Meat Goat Production.”

Production The eight major dairy goat breeds in the United States are the Saanen, Sable, Nubian, Toggenburg, LaMancha, Oberhasli, Nigerian Dwarf, and Alpine. The lactation period for dairy goats averages 284 days, with peak production usually occurring four to six weeks after kidding.

Representative production data for the various goat dairy breeds can be found in Table 2. Volume and composition of milk produced are primarily controlled by the goat’s genetics, but they are also greatly influenced by the diet consumed.

Dairy goats reach sexual maturity at four to five months of age. Young does should be bred at a body weight ranging from 70 to 80 pounds, which is usually at an age of seven to 10 months. The gestation period ranges from 145 to 155 days with an average length of 149 days. Does normally produce between one and three kids per year (single-born kids weigh approximately 6 to 6.5 pounds at birth).

Birth weights generally decline with multiple births and are often associated with increased mortality. Quality of nutrition during pregnancy influences birth weight and kid survivability. Pregnancy nutrition becomes an important part of good management as twin births are desired in an effort to improve productive efficiency.

Does giving birth to twins produce more milk and have greater total kid weight per maintenance doe unit. Daily weight gains after birth range from 50 to 150 grams CONTINUED ON PAGE B34

Manure additive shows odor reduction CONTINUED FROM PAGE B30

Results Barn exhaust fan odor flux rates were reduced by 21% (OU/min, P < 0.001) for both field & laboratory odor assessment methods.

Land application manure-ring odor D/T and DT concentration levels were reduced by 21% (P = 0.15) and 60% (P < 0.001) for field & laboratory assessment methods, respectively. The monthly manure storage shock treatments involved less than eight hours labor over a full 20-week hog finishingcycle. The total estimated cost for the humic amendment including labor was $0.70/hog.

Product farm delivery costs would be in addition to this and vary by location.

Conclusions Under the controlled conditions of this demonstration project, the humic manure additive demonstrated a statistically significant ≥21% odor reduction for both the barn ventilation exhaust and land-applied manure using field and laboratory odor assessment methods. This odor reduction level may not be readily discernible at the source by many people. However, dilution at distance from the source (e.g. at the property line) could make a significant difference when it comes to nuisance odor complaints, especially when combined with other odor mitigation practices, such as land application via shal-

low disk injection.

It is important to recognize that these demonstration project results showing odor reduction efficacy of one manure additive cannot be broadly extrapolated to other products or even to other scenarios using the same additive. Indeed many scientific studies have concluded that most additives have little or no impact on manure odor generation. Production of malodorous gases from manure is extremely complicated and depends on the nature of the manure, the specific agricultural practice under consideration, frequency and rate of treatment, and numerous physical, chemical, biological, and metrological conditions. For many commercially available products, scientifically validated evidence to support odor reduction claims is lacking. As shown in this project, that does not mean that all products are ineffective in reducing odors. It is thus important that producers be cautious in assuming that odor reduction claims are directly translatable to their specific conditions. Moreover, the control of manure odors is an issue of such complexity that it requires a combination of control strategies. As such, manure additives represent one practice that can be useful in a comprehensive48’ strategy for odor avoidance and control.

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page B33

GRAVEL SCREENER FOR SALE

Runs good..........................................................$2500 obo Phone (406) 842-7429, Sheridan, Montana

ITEMS FOR SALE

1998 Thor Wanderer Lite travel trailer, 4-season, 22-ft. overall length, 5th wheel with tandem axle, awning, a/c, gas and electric frig, stove, good tires, middle bathroom and shower, rear dinette, clean, good hunting or camping trailer, 1/2-ton towable, never lived in.......................... $5900 Pump for firetruck, low hours, with front bumper, nice.................. $2000

Phone 406-777-1435 leave message

12-ft. utility trailer with heavy poly 1250 gallon tank, pintle hitch, new 2” gas power pump. Great for ranch use. Room for fuel and lube unit...... ............................................... $2900

8-ton triple axle equipment trailer, 20ft. with beavertail and ramps. Good tires with electric brakes. Great for skid steer, etc. Clean.............. $6900

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Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page B34

Dairy goat production CONTINUED FROM PAGE C32

FLATBED TRAILER FOR SALE

1973 AMC flatbed semi trailer, 12-ft. storage container mounted in front. Has front and side roll up door access.

Two water tanks with total capacity $ of 3500 gallons....................................... obo Phone (406) 658-2106, Malta, Montana

10,000

WHEEL LOADER FOR SALE Fiat Allis 645B loader $

17,500

Phone Larry Swanson (406) 468-8235 Pendroy, MT

MACHINERY FOR SALE

Flexi-Coil 600 36-ft. chisel plow. Also air seeder with Friggstad 140 bushel tank. Mounted harrows, packers and seed boots......... $8000 White 5542 combine, 16-ft. header, excellent condition, low hours........ ................................................................................................. $4500 Mayrath 10”x40-ft. auger, PTO drive............................................ $2000 8”x24-ft. auger with 16 hp Kohler engine....................................... $1250 Versatile 24-ft. pull-type swather, PTO drive................................ $2000 New Holland 114 swing tongue, hydraulic hay mower................. $1500 New Holland 281 small square baler.............................................. $450 AT Ferrell Clipper large seed cleaner.......................................... $2000 60-ft. sprayer, 500 gallon tank....................................................... $1500 13.5-ft. chisel plow........................................................................... $450

Call Bill O’Connell at 406-581-8569 Located north of Bozeman, MT

DRILLS, SPRAYER & TRACTOR FOR SALE

2021 Bourgault 91300 tank (7500 acres) complete with 2017 Bourgault 3320 Parallel link drill, 86-ft. 10” spacing, mid row banders, high flotation center section, saddle tank complete with lift, X35 monitors, Intelligent Ag Blockage.

2022 Case IH 620Q track tractor, 36” tracks, PTO, hi-flow twin flow hydraulics, 113 gpm, 6 remotes....................................................... Call Reasonable offers considered.

2012 Case IH 4430 Patriot high clearance sprayer, 1200 gallon tank, 120-ft. boom, Viper Pro monitor, 2 sets of tires, 3080 engine hours, always stored inside.

2014 Bourgault 3320 Parallel link drill, 76-ft. 10” spacing, MRB, high flotation center section, Case IH 580 bu. tank.

Roger Wilde, Rawco Farms Inc. (385) 471-5568

per day (0.1 to 0.33 pound per day), but meat goat crosses can exceed 250 grams per day (0.55 pound per day). Rate of gain will be determined by diet and the end product desired (e.g., replacement doeing or various weights depending on the meat market).

The three most important management recommendations to ensure efficiency and productivity of a dairy goat enterprise are as follows: Manage young does to have them ready for breeding at seven months of age. This increases the total lifetime herd production of milk and meat and reduces the number of nonproducing animals in the herd at any one time.

Encourage freshening of the does over as wide a time span as possible. This provides your customers with a year-round source of milk.

Cull animals to eliminate low producers.

This can increase the herd productivity if animals are culled for genetic reasons.

Nutrition To maintain milk production and good health, goats should be fed a diet balanced for energy, protein, minerals, and vitamins based on requirements defined by the National Research Council. To reduce costs, forages such as hay, silage, and pasture should constitute most of the daily diet.

Goats are efficient browsers and can select a high-quality diet from lower-quality forages, especially when consuming nontraditional pasture plants (e.g., weeds, shrubs).

Available forages should be evaluated based on plant species and maturity, with the highest-quality forages reserved for pregnant, lactating, and growing animals.

Supplementing the diet with grain mixes to provide additional energy and protein is important, especially during lactation. Grain mixes may also contain supplemental minerals and vitamins. Feeding grain should be limited because a high-grain diet with low fiber intake can lead to rumen health problems (e.g., indigestion, acidosis) and lower milk fat content. Availability of dietary energy is important for high milk yields, while protein and fiber affect milk quality.

High-producing does require quality forages and supplemental grain at a rate of 1 pound per 2.5 to 3 pounds of milk.

Forages generally do not contain sufficient minerals to meet dietary requirements, so supplements are usually required.

Mineral mixes of salt with calcium, phosphorus, and trace minerals are typically used. Legume forages (e.g., alfalfa, clover) contain sufficient calcium and will only require phosphorus with a trace mineral supplement.

If pasture is the predominant source of forage, then vitamin supplements are not critical. If only hay or silage is used, then supplemental vitamins A, D, and E will be required. Vitamins can be supplied in a free-choice mineral source or the grain mix. Commercial cow rations or custom grain mixes varying from 14 to 20 percent protein can be fed to goats (Table 3). Most products formulated for sheep will not contain enough copper for goats.

It is important to routinely use a technique called “body condition scoring” to evaluate the adequacy of the nutritional program you use. Body condition scoring categorizes animals in scores from 1 (emaciated) to 5 (obese) based on the amount of palpable subcutaneous fat over the loin, ribs, and sternum. Does should have adequate (score 3) body reserves in late pregnancy as they enter lactation. High-producing does lose significant body condition during early

lactation, but they should regain it again during late lactation and early pregnancy.

Details on body condition scoring can be found on the American Dairy Goat Association website.

Herd Health and Biosecurity Goats, for the most part, are a hardy species that require only basic necessities to survive and produce a quality product.

Most herd problems are related to nutrition and reproduction, but a few diseases are of concern. Some goat diseases can also infect people, so handlers must be careful. Seek the services of a veterinarian to help you develop an appropriate herd health program.

Parasites, both internal and external, are the most important concern for goat health and productivity. Weight loss, rough hair coat, and diarrhea are common signs of parasitism. Anemia (pale mucous membranes) can also be an indicator of internal parasites. A veterinarian or trained herdsman can determine if internal parasites are present by examining a fresh fecal sample.

An increasing problem with parasite control in goats is parasite resistance to dewormers due to repeated use of dewormers without other parasite-control management. Basic parasite control practices include: Treating only sick animals Practicing proper sanitation such as keeping feeders and waterers free from feces and bedding Avoiding overcrowding Practicing good pasture management and rotation Isolating sick animals Isolating new animals for 30 days before incorporating them into the herd Because of year-round parasite problems, goats from the southeastern United States often harbor dewormer-resistant internal parasites. You will need to address this biosecurity issue if you plan on purchasing animals from this area.

Important infectious diseases of goats include caseous lymphadenitis (CL), caprine arthritis-encephalitis (CAE) virus, Mycobacterium avium spp. paratuberculosis (Johne’s disease), and contagious ecthyma (or sore mouth). These diseases are best controlled by practicing good biosecurity since they are readily passed by animal contact or through milk from an infected doe.

There is essentially no treatment for these diseases, and vaccines are available only for CL and sore mouth. It is recommended that you only vaccinate for sore mouth if there has been a history of the disease on your farm or within the herd. Work with a veterinarian to establish good screening test protocols for purchasing animals and a basic farm biosecurity program to prevent disease spread.

Other health problems for goats include foot rot, abortion, and mastitis. Foot rot is typically a bacterial infection of the skin CONTINUED ON PAGE B36

Grass tetany

By Ben Beckman, UNL Fresh spring growth is a welcome site for producers looking for animal forage. However, lush spring growth may be the perfect condition for a case of grass tetany. While turn out may be a ways off, mitigating this risk starts now.

Grass tetany is the result of low levels of magnesium in an animal’s blood stream. Low magnesium levels in lush, newly growing grass are often a main cause. In lactating animals, low dietary magnesium paired with a drain on calcium from milk production increases risk even more. Calcium aids in magnesium absorption. This means, high milk producing and older animals are most at risk for developing tetany.

To prevent tetany problems this spring, it’s best to wait till grass in pastures has grown to at least 6 inches high before grazing. Legumes like alfalfa or clover, are a good source of magnesium, so grazing mixed grass and legume pastures can help balance mineral demands.

While cultural practices can reduce risk, providing correct and adequate mineral supplementation may be the most certain remedy. Cattle should be consuming 3-4 ounces daily of mineral containing supplemental calcium and 10-13% magnesium oxide. This should start at least 30 days before grazing begins, to ensure proper intake has been established.

Most high magnesium minerals utilize magnesium oxide, which is bitter tasting and can reduce animal consumption.

Mix magnesium fortified mineral with salt into a complete package or feed with a highly palatable protein or energy supplement to improve intake High magnesium mineral should be provided for animals until cool season grasses slow down growth and the levels of lush, fresh forage are reduced, around mid-May. Dealing with grass tetany in the spring doesn’t have to negatively impact your herd. Plan now to adjust grazing management or mineral supplementation for a tetany-free spring.

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page B35

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Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page B36

Dairy goat production CONTINUED FROM PAGE B34

between the hooves. Foot rot control starts with biosecurity to prevent infected animals from being brought onto the farm. It can also be reduced by good preventive care that includes routine hoof trimming. Nutrition and infectious agents can cause abortion in goats. Toxoplasmosis, transmitted by young cats, can cause abortion in both women and goats. Prevention requires keeping cat feces from contaminating feed consumed by pregnant goats. Mastitis, an infection of the udder, is a major concern with dairy goats. Providing sanitary conditions, good milking procedures, well-ventilated housing, and dry bedding is the best defense against this disease. Injuries to the udder and teat ends also contribute to this disease, which can lower milk production and cause permanent damage to the doe.

Housing and Equipment There are four requirements for efficient dairy goat housing. First, the building should be adequately ventilated, and the walls and ceiling should be free from condensation. Second, the bedded area should be dry and clean. Third, feeders and watering devices must be well built and located so that feed and water are not contaminated with animal waste. Ready access to good-quality water is essential for milk production and herd health. Fourth, housing should be arranged to minimize the amount of labor and time required for maintaining a clean facility.

A number of housing systems can be successfully used for goat production. In the northeastern United States, either loose (manure pack) or confinement (individual stalls) housing systems, with or without pasture access, are necessary to provide sufficient protection from adverse weather. Building adequate fencing to keep the goats contained can be a real challenge. The best fencing for goats is electrified woven wire or 2-foot by 4-foot livestock panels that are at least 48 inches high.

The milking area should be separated from the stable area and have a nonporous floor, such as concrete, to make cleaning easy. The milking platform should be 15 to 18 inches higher than the floor to permit easy milking. Milk must be cooled immediately after milking and held at a temperature under 40°F until processed or consumed. Cooling is critical to retain milk flavor and quality. Bacteria in warm milk begin to multiply quickly and cause milk quality to deteriorate. Cold water is more efficient than cold air for cooling milk. The refrigerator or cooler for small herds should accommodate a pan of water equal to the amount of milk in one or more milking buckets. A herd producing 10 or more gallons per day will need a waterimmersion cooler or a bulk tank cooler.

Environmental Regulations All agricultural operations in Pennsylvania, including small-scale and part-time farming enterprises, operate under the Pennsylvania Clean Streams Law. A specific part of this law is the Nutrient Management Act. Portions of the act may or may not pertain to your operation, depending on whether you have livestock on your farm. However, all operations may be a source of surface water or groundwater pollution. Because of this possibility, you should contact your local Soil and Water Conservation

District to determine what regulations may pertain to your operation. All farms with any livestock in Pennsylvania are required to have an approved manure management plan in place.

Risk Management You should carefully consider how to manage risk on your farm. First, you should insure your facilities and equipment. This may be accomplished by consulting your insurance agent or broker. It is especially important to have adequate levels of property, vehicle, and liability insurance. You will also need workers compensation insurance if you have any employees. You may also want to consider your needs for life and health insurance and if you need coverage for business interruption or employee dishonesty.

For more on agricultural business insurance, see “Agricultural Alternatives: Agricultural Business Insurance.” Second, check to see if there are multiperil crop insurance programs available for your crop or livestock enterprises.

There are crop insurance programs designed to help farmers manage both yield risk and revenue shortfalls. However, individual crop insurance coverage is not available for all crops. If individual coverage is not available for what you grow, you may be able to use the Whole-Farm Revenue Protection (WFRP) program to insure the revenue of your entire farm operation. Information from your Schedule F tax records (or a “Substitute Schedule F for WFRP Purposes” if you do not file a Schedule F) from the past five consecutive years is used to calculate the WFRP policy’s approved revenue guarantee.

Operations that have expanded over time may be allowed to increase the approved revenue amount based on an indexing procedure. Depending on the number of commodities grown, you have the choice of coverage of 50 to 85 percent of your approved revenue.

Coverage and premium costs depend on the level of diversification in your operation; the maximum level of insured revenue is $8.5 million (based on maximum adjusted gross revenues of $17 million and the 50 percent coverage level).

WFRP also provides replant coverage if it not already covered under an underlying individual crop policy. More information on WFRP can be found online. Finally, the USDA Farm Service Agency

has a program called the Noninsured Assistance Program (NAP) that is designed to provide a minimal level of yield risk protection for producers of commercial agricultural products that don’t have multiperil crop insurance coverage.

NAP is designed to reduce financial losses when natural disasters cause catastrophic reduction in production. A basic level of coverage (50 percent of expected production at 55 percent of the average market price) is available for a fee of $325 per crop per county (fees are capped at $825 per producer per county, but not to exceed a total of $1,950 for producers growing crops in multiple counties). Higher levels of protection at the 50, 55, 60, and 65 percent levels at 100 percent of the average market price are available for additional premium. NAP coverage is available through your local USDA Farm Service Agency office. The application fee for this program may be waived for eligible limited-resource farmers.

Costs and returns are often difficult to estimate in budget preparation because they are numerous and variable. Therefore, think of the data in these budgets as approximations and make the appropriate adjustments using “Your Estimate” column to reflect specific situations.

These budgets are developed for a herd size of 50 does; however, your scale of production should be based on your market considerations. More information on the use of crop budgets can be found in “Agricultural Alternatives: Budgeting for Agricultural Decision Making.”

Preliminary farm real estate market survey results

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page C1

202 North Central Avenue, Cut Bank, MT 59427 (406) 873-2984 l hilinecomm@gmail.com

By Jessica Groskopf and Jim Jansen, UNL UNL released the Preliminary Nebraska $49, Average: $37, +10% Farm Real Estate Market Survey Results Gravity Irrigated Cropland, $110-$185, earlier this month. The survey revealed Average: $145, +12% that Nebraska agricultural land increased in Center Pivot Irrigated Cropland, $155value for the reporting year ending Febru$230, Average $190, +9% ary 1, 2023. This marks the second-largest Pasture, $13- $20, Average: $15, +7% increase in the market value of agricultural Cow-Calf Pair (Per Pair, Per Month), land in Nebraska since 2014 and the highest $38.15- $51.95, $46.05, +7% non-inflation-adjusted state-wide land value Land values and rental rates presented in the 45-year history of the survey. in this report are averages of survey parThis article reviews the preliminary reticipants’ responses by District. Actual land sults for the Northwest District of Nebraska. values and rental rates may vary depending The Northwest District includes Banner, upon the quality of the parcel and local Box Butte, Cheyenne, Dawes, Deuel, Garmarket for an area. den, Kimball, Morrill, Scotts Bluff, SheriPreliminary land values and rental rates dan, and Sioux Counties. are subject to change as additional surveys The average farmland value in the Northare returned. Final results from the survey west District of Nebraska is estimated to will be published in June 2023 and will be $935 per acre, 13 percent higher than be available online via the Nebraska Farm the prior year. In the Northwest District, Real Estate website: https://cap.unl.edu/ dryland cropland saw the largest increase realestate in value, rising 21 percent to an average of ##### $905 per acre. Center Pivot Irrigated CropWhat do pirates pay for corn? land had the smallest percentage increase A buck an ear! with a 7 percent change to $3,280 per acre.

Preliminary UNL Farm Real Estate Survey Results, Average Reported Value of Nebraska Farmland for Different Land Types in Northwest Nebraska per Acre as of February 1, 2023, Percent Change from 2022 All Land Average, $935, Graze Per n i Yearl 1500 +13% a G 28 Ton Silage bs. of % TDN) l Dryland Cropland (No 5 130 A ings on a .

3 Pasco, WA 9 cre P Irrigation Potential), $905, ay (6 . Cattle* D i f v t or 30 o +21% 5-7 w Days t Dryland Cropland (Irrigation Potential), $985, +15% * Jesse Norcutt, Currant, NV Gravity Irrigated Cropland, $2,760, +10% Greenway Seeds Grazing Corn (GX80) is the No. 1 grazing corn in the nation Center Pivot Irrigated because it is 5-6 days earlier than the competition.

Cropland, $3,280, +7% Grazing Land (Tillable), This allows the rancher to plant 5-6 days later and still reach peak $735, +18% sugar content (pre tassel) before the frost shuts you down!

Grazing Land (Nontillable), $575, +13% Hayland, $930, +12% Land industry professionals responding to the annual survey attributed the Plant with a grain drill following second cutting on an older field alfalfa. Ready to graze in early September. rise in Nebraska agricultural “We planted GX80 following second cut alfalfa. If we had to do that over we would follow third cut. We grazed 400 head for real estate values to current two weeks on 20 acres” Cory Veterre - Greenriver, Utah crop and livestock prices, purchases for operation expansion, the financial health of current owners, and as a Casey Calvin - Monte Vista, CO hedge against inflation.

We grazed lambs on GX80. They ate it all the way to the ground. Unbelievable! (See website for photos) Cash farmland rental rates Crawford Cattle - Winnemucca, NV are also reported by the surPlanted mid July, it was way over our heads. We were surprised as to how long we were able to graze. We also baled some of it. We’re vey. Cropland rental rates in buying again. the Northwest District saw Roberti Ranches - Loyalton, CA a 9 to 12 percent increase We grazed pairs. They ate it all to the ground. We also baled it. The cows like it. We plant GX80 every year. while grazing rates, both Coffin Butte Farm and Ranch - New Leitzigg, ND pasture per acre and cowWe planted 400 acres on dryland and fed out 800 pair. We grazed it from Oct 20 to Nov 24. The corn was 7-1/2 ft. tall. The program was calf pair, saw a 7 percent a success! increase over last year.

Preliminary Reported Cash Rental Rates for VarAlan Greenway ious Types of Nebraska Farmland and Pasture in Seedsman Caldwell, Idaho Northwest Nebraska, Lowwww.greenwayseed.com High Land Quality Range, 2023 Average, Percent Alan cell: 208-250-0159 Change from 2022 Message: 208-454-8342 Reported per acre per Over 50 years year, unless otherwise noted.

Experience Dryland Cropland, $28-

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Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page C2

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So you want to fly a drone

By Heidi Reed, Agronomy Educator, Penn State Extension As unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) or RPAS (Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems) capabilities improve and costs come down, having a drone on the farm is becoming more appealing. In addition to useful imaging and remote sensing capabilities that can help with crop management, drones can allow mid or late season pesticide applications or cover crop broadcasting without wheel track damage. They are also more maneuverable than airplane or even helicopters, especially for small, irregularly shaped fields.

Before you make the leap and buy a drone, make sure you consider current Federal and your state regulations around UAV flight and pesticide applications.

Federal Aviation Administration Rules Drones weighing under 55 lbs at takeoff are regulated under 14 CFR part 107. Each drone pilot must have a current part 107 remote pilot certificate. First-time pilots must be at least 16 years old, be able to read, speak, write, and understand English, be in physical and mental condition to safely fly a drone, and pass an aeronautical knowledge exam.

The required steps for prospective pilots to register with the FAA, register for the knowledge exam, and complete the application for the certificate are outlined in detail in the FAA website. Existing part 61 certificate holders can also get the part 107 certificate following the completion of an online training course. Once the certificate is obtained, it must be easily accessible by the remote pilot during all drone operations. Maintaining the certificate involves continued training courses to keep their aviation knowledge up to date. At the time of publication, an online course is required to be completed by all pilots within 24 calendar months to maintain their remote pilot certificate.

Next, each drone must be registered with the FAA. Register your drone under part 107. Registration costs $5 and is valid for three years. You will need to provide basic contact information, the make and model of your drone, and starting in September 2023, the specific remote ID serial number provided by the manufacturer. Make sure your drone is labeled according to FAA guidelines.

In addition to the pilot licensing and drone registration requirements, waivers and certifications may be required to complete specific drone operations. These waivers and permissions vary widely, including operations that take place in certain regulated airspaces, operations taking place at night, and many others. One of the most significant exemptions required for agricultural drone operators is dispensing chemicals and agricultural products with UAS, regulated under 14 CFR part 137.

Part 137 – Agricultural aircraft operations 14 CFR Part 137 importantly defines agricultural aircraft operation as the operation of an aircraft for the purpose of dispensing substances that act as a pesticide, plant regulator, or defoliant, or those intended for plant nourishment, soil treatment, propagation of plant life, or pest control, or otherwise engaging in other dispensing activities affecting agriculture, horticulture, or forest preservation, except the dispensing of live insects.

Agricultural aircraft operations require that exemptions be requested depending on the specific nature of the operation.

The FAA supplies the following guidance for part 107 drone pilots based on the weight of the drone: Drones weighing less than 55 pounds at takeoff, including the weight of the substance being dispensed, are operated under 14 CFR part 107 and require exemption from §107.36 Carriage of hazardous material as well as several part 137 regulations.

Drones weighing 55 pounds or more are operated under 14 CFR part 91 rather than the aforementioned part 107, and require exemption from several 14 CFR part 61, 91, and 137 regulations.

For information on how to petition for exemption, see part 11.63 and Part 11.71.

Environmental Protection Agency Rules EPA has yet to address drone applications specifically and have mostly left regulation up to states to individually address it. As drone pesticide applications become more popular, EPA will likely offer standardized guidance, but this is not yet the case. Currently, products permitted for aerial application under the “Directions for Use” heading, are also permitted for drone applications. This allowance is subject to change at any time.

Notes on spraying Remote pesticide application system (drone for spraying) calibration differs from ground application, as there is not a consistent swath width set by the boom width and nozzle CONTINUED ON PAGE C3

So you want to fly a drone CONTINUED FROM PAGE C2

spacing. Therefore, special attention must be paid to measuring the swath width, to make sure that overlap is correct and there are no skips or over-application. One method for determining swath width is provided on the Farming for Tomorrow website.

Limitations The main limitation with drones for ag product applications is the small payload compared to manned aircraft or ground vehicles. Keep in mind, since drone payloads are rather small (i.e., <5 gallons), the minimum spray volume dictated on the label may still be too large for practical utility of some units, even though that pesticide may be allowed to be aerially applied. For example, the Roundup PowerMax3 label allows aerial applications, but the minimum spray volume is 3 gallons/acre. Make sure to follow product label guidelines when making drone applications.

Finally, the economics of drone ownership and applications are still up in the air, and we advise careful consideration of the licensing requirements and maintenance and insurance cost of the UAV before purchasing a unit.

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page C3

##### In September 2007, a guy named Kevin Shelley broke 46 wooden toilet seats with his head in one minute to create a world record.

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2021 John Deere 6120R 498 hours, Comp Warranty April 2025/2000 hours! $161,790

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Beehive This is another style with origins that date back to the 18th century. During the outlandish wig phase, when the bigger and more extravagant the piece, the more money and social status it carried, ‘hives were very popular. Women allegedly even used them to house trinkets, such as small caged birds.

In the 1960s, the beehive surged in popularity, and today the crown of the beehive queen belongs to cartoon character Marge Simpson, who sports a tall blue updo.

Tallest man The tallest man ever recorded was American giant Robert Wadlow (1918–1940), who stood 8 feet 11 inches. Wadlow’s size was the result of an abnormally enlarged pituitary gland.

2021 John Deere 5115 8 hours, loader/grapple, 5 year/5000 hour warranty $99,500

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Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page C4

NEW-TO-YOU EQUIPMENT CBEQUIPMENT.COM • Contact Jeff Fjelstad at (406) 633-5032 for more information

1995 John Deere 8770 Retail: $47,559 Stock: 331445

1995 John Deere 737 Retail: $9,250 Stock: 320784

2014 Bourgault 3320/7950 Retail: $271,042 Stock: 311996

2015 John Deere LPB72JD1 Retail: $4,104 Stock: 300583

2021 John Deere XUV 835M Retail: $26,429 Stock: 331450

2020 John Deere XUV 835R Retail: $27,804 Stock: 309508

2018 John Deere XUV 835R Retail: $27,800 Stock: 331473

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2012 Haybuster 2650 Retail: $15,260 Stock: 320645

2010 Jiffy 927 Retail: $10,950 Stock: 331451

Rem 3600R Retail: $13,656 Stock: 331465

2022 Tubeline tb980 Retail: $46,545 Stock: 319905

2021 John Deere 1590 Retail: $68,819 Stock: 327080

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2012 John Deere 635D Retail: $21,810 Stock: 322309

2015 John Deere S670 Retail: $159,275 Stock: 330780

2017 John Deere S680 Retail: $260,813 Stock: 307617

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Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page C5

2022 John Deere 2032R Retail: $33,063 Stock: 300250

2022 John Deere 3025E Retail: $28,847 Stock: 301014

2022 John Deere 3038E Retail: $34,816 Stock: 301015

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2022 John Deere 4052M Retail: $53,793 Stock: 300245

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2020 Bobcat CT5558 Retail: $50,640 Stock: 314038

2018 Degelman 40’ Retail: $129,900 Stock: 319187

2013 Twin Star 2027 G2-5 Retail: $21,566 Stock: 320670

2013 John Deere 559 Retail: $23,189 Stock: 290404

2020 John Deere 560M Retail: $39,745 Stock: 317786

2012 John Deere 568 Retail: $17,803 Stock: 316544

2013 John Deere 569 Retail: $23,760 Stock: 318232

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1996 John Deere 7400 Retail: $58,622 Stock: 323588

1995 New Holland 8870 Retail: $49,000 Stock: 322534

1990 Case IH 7120 Retail: $46,545 Stock: 331431

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Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page C6

Poultry and bird owners encouraged to ramp up biosecurity plans now

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View our entire inventory with pictures at www.reddigequipment.com CRAWLERS

1963 Cat D4D................................................................... Call Cat D6D logging, gearmatic free spool winch and arch, angle blade with hydraulic twin tilts, under carriage usable, some minor leads. Starts and runs....................................... Call 1996 Deere 650G LGP, 6-way hyd blade, 14,000 hours, excellent undercarriage, operates as it should................... Call Deere 650G, sweeps, screens, winch, 7600 hours.... $49,900 1994 John Deere 450G, OROPS with sweeps, rear and side cages, 6-way blade, good running machine. 9000 hours.. .............................................................................. $31,000 2006 Komatsu D61 PX-15, 6-way blade, 5888 hours...$60,000

Buying Your Used Machines EXCAVATORS

Cat 320CLU thumb, coupler, 14,000 hours................ $69,900 2015 Cat 312E hyd wedge coupler, 50% undercarriage, clean, tight. 15,500 hours...................................................... Call 2014 Cat 312E................................................................. Call 2013 Cat 305E, 4700 hours, cab, air, heat, front blade, hyd thumb, auxiliary hyds, 2 speed, clean........................ Call 2005 Cat 308C, 4600 hours, Progressive link hyd thumb, front blade, pin grabber coupler, auxiliary hyds, good undercarriage...................................................................... $62,000 1989 Cat EL 200B............................................................ Call 2004 Deere 200CLC, pin grabber Q/C, progressive link thumb.

12,000 hours.......... $49,500 before going thru the shop Deere 50D thumb, coupler, blade, open ROPS, 8000 hours. . .............................................................................. $39,900 Hitachi EX200-5, runs and operates as it should...... $20,000 2012 Hitachi ZX120-3, wedge coupler, progressive link thumb, 36” bucket, backup camera, average undercarriage, 6007 hours. Good looking mid-model machine................... Call Kobelco SK27SR-5 mini excavator, 1700 hours, ROPS, front blade, hydraulic thumb, 50% rubber tracks, 5500 lb. weight......................................................................... Call 2006 Deere 200CLC 10K hours, hydraulic thumb........... Call 2016 Kobelco SK35SR-6E, 863 hours, ROPS, front blade, hydraulic thumb, 50% tracks, 8500 lbs....................... Call 2017 Bobcat E85 compact excavator.............................. Call 2015 Cat 303.5E mini excavator, open ROPS, front blade, hydraulic thumb to be installed, auxiliary hydraulics, pin grabber coupler, 3600 hours....................................... Call

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1994 CPS belly dump trailer, 3 axle, air brakes, 29-ft. from pin to center of first axle, 10-ft. bottom hopper, 9-ft. spread on back 3 axles, tires at 15%, 11r22.5 tires..................... Call

GRADERS

2010 Deere 770GP, new cutting edges, good tires, operates well, 14-ft. moldboards, 10,000 hours, 168” moldboard est. length.................................................................... $92,000 1980 Deere 670A, motor grader, operates and runs, 14.00x24 tires, 14-ft. moldboard, front scarifier/ripper, block heater, cab........................................................................ $24,500 1988 Gallion A600, articulating joint, 14-ft. moldboard, International engine, rear hyd ripper, power shift transmission, power steering, tires at 10% on front, 50% on rear, 4570 hours on meter..................................................... $17,500 1975 Gallion T-500A, motor grader, Detroit engine, 4600 hours on meter, tires at 35%, 12-ft. moldboard, hyd side shift and hyd pitch, power steering............................................ Call

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2020 Deere 332G manual quick coupler, 2 speed, wheel machine (new tires), enclosed cab, heat, A/C, comes with 84” bucket. 4600 hours......................................... $46,000

2012 Cat 320EL RR good undercarriage, progressive link hyd thumb, pin grabber hyd coupler, aux hyds to the end of the stick, 42” dig bucket, pattern changer. Clean and well maintained machine.11,000 hours...................... $110,000

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2012 Cat 924K high lift machine, hydraulic quick coupler, 12,000 hours......................................................... $74,500 1994 Cat IT28F, runs and operates. Does not shift properly.. .............................................................................. $17,900

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Compaction

• Hydraulic Breaker • Buckets • Skidsteer forks • John Deere 4000 Series H, winch, includes all controls for each, mounting plate, drive shaft.......................... $14,000 Henke snow plow off Cat 621B loader, ACS coupler, hyd angle snowblade with float, hyd snowgate........................ $7500 3325 winch arch available, good condition, includes cable, handle and misc, PTO shaft available. Came off John Deere 450C............................................................. $4500

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2008 Deere 310SJ backhoe, 40% tires, smooth bucket on backhoe, front 4x1 bucket, extend-a-hoe, pilot controls on backhoe, powershift transmission, cab with heat/AC, 4x4.

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MISCELLANEOUS

2002 Gradall 534D9-45, 9000 lb lift, 45-ft reach, newer tires, angle forks system on front. Approximately 7000 hours.... .................................................................................... Call Tennant Sweeper 830-II ex-county owned................ $29,000

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Cat 320B LL log loader. For parts.................................... Call Deere 690E log loader............................................ For parts Timberjack 2520 feller/buncher, parts machine.............. Call Towtem clam bucket.................................................. $31,500 Several slide booms for parts available

Parting Out

• Case CX 240 • Deere 690E • Deere 650G • Deere 648 GII 28L • Takeuchii TB135 • Cat 518C • Deere 892E • Dresser TD8E • International 540 • Deere C • Cat 312B • Cat 320B LL

Reddig Equipment is always looking for Trade-ins.

Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) is a disease carried by wild birds and affects domestic birds. Avian influenza is caused by the influenza Type A virus (influenza A). The virus is shed in the feces and respiratory secretions of infected birds and is able to survive for weeks in cool, damp environments.

While the transmission rate from animals to humans is low, it is a zoonotic disease, meaning it can be shared between species. There have been several detected cases in wild mammals, including two cases in red fox in North Dakota.

With millions of birds set to begin migrating this spring, now is the time for poultry and bird owners to ramp up biosecurity efforts.

“One of the first clinical signs of HPAI is sudden, unexplained death,” says Dr. Gerald Stokka, North Dakota State University Extension veterinarian and livestock stewardship specialist. “Most HPAI cases are reporting a decline in water and feed consumption prior to the unexplained death.”

Decreased egg production and depression in layers may be another sign that birds are not feeling well. Purple or dry combs, being quieter than normal, frequent laying down and swelling around eyes are other symptoms birds may experience.

“The best way to reduce the potential for transmission of HPAI is to reduce interaction between wildlife and domestic flocks,” says Dr. Stokka. “Wild birds and mammals, such as foxes, coyotes and raccoons, are transmission vectors to your domestic flocks.”

NDSU Extension specialists have developed tips for reducing transmission of HPAI. To reduce transmission between wildlife and domestic birds: If possible, keep poultry housed until the risk for transmission has decreased. Non-lethal methods to deter wildlife are available on the U.S. Department of Agriculture wildlife damage webpage: aphis.usda.gov/aphis/ourfocus/wildlifedamage/sa_reports/ct_wildlife+damage+management+tec hnical+series.

Reduce the attractiveness for wildlife to stop at your place by cleaning up litter and spilled feed around your domestic flock housing.

If you come in contact with or handle wildlife, change into clean clothes, wash your hands and disinfect your footwear prior to contact with domestic flocks.

Report sick or deceased wildlife to the North Dakota Game and Fish Department at https://gf.nd.gov/wildlife/diseases/ mortality-report .

In the event you need to handle or dispose of carcasses to reduce potential interactions, be sure to follow the appropriate procedures: ndsu.edu/agriculture/ag-hub/highlypathogenic-avian-influenza.

To reduce transmission between domestic flocks: Keep your distance. Restrict access to your property and your flock. Allow contact from people who care for your birds but minimize visitors.

Do not haul disease home. If you have been near other poultry or bird owners, such as at feed stores, clean and disinfect car and truck tires. New birds should be kept separate from your flock for at least 30 days.

Do not borrow disease from your neighbor. Do not share lawn and garden equipment, tools or bird supplies with your neighbor or other flock owners.

“The best defense against HPAI is having a biosecurity plan in place,” says Mary Keena, NDSU Extension livestock environmental management specialist. “It is your job as a flock owner to create a line of separation between your clean flock and the potential unclean issues that wildlife or visitors may bring.”

More information about biosecurity can be found on the USDA Defend the Flock Resource Center webpage: www. aphis.usda.gov/aphis/ourfocus/animalhealth/animal-diseaseinformation/avian/defend-the-flock-program.

“Poultry testing positive for HPAI are prohibited by law from entering the marketplace,” says Miranda Meehan, NDSU Extension livestock environmental stewardship specialist. “Poultry and poultry products are safe to eat, and proper handling and cooking is always advised.”

To date, in 2023, there have been no positive HPAI cases in domestic poultry or birds in North Dakota. Report sick birds to your local veterinarian. If you do not have a local veterinarian for your flock, contact the North Dakota State Veterinarian’s office at 701-328-2655.

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page C7

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Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page C8

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E15 fuel could help you, the environment and N.D. farmers

By David Ripplinger, Bioproducts and Bioenergy Economist and Assistant Professor, NDSU Department of Agribusiness and Applied Economics On May 31, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) announced a policy change that allows E15 fuel to be sold year-round across the country. This change provides a great opportunity to learn more about the fuel.

E15, sometimes marketed as Unleaded 88, is a gasoline blend containing 15 percent ethanol. It has slightly higher octane and slightly less energy than regular gasoline.

There are a few reasons why consumers may purchase E15: it may cost less than regular gasoline, even on a mileage equivalent basis; it has a smaller carbon footprint; and it expands the market for U.S. corn.

It is important to note that it’s not how much energy there is in a fuel, but how well that fuel is converted to mechanical energy by the engine that matters. A fuel with higher energy density or octane doesn’t guarantee that a vehicle will get better mileage.

With about 2% less energy per gallon than regular gasoline, quick math can provide guidance for the purely financially-motivated consumer regarding E15 use.

If regular gasoline is $2.50 per gallon, to get the equivalent energy for the same price or less, the consumer needs to save five cents per gallon ($2.50 x .02) or more on E15.

Again, actual mileage changes will vary.

Because ethanol has a smaller greenhouse gas footprint than straight gas, higher ethanol blends have smaller footprints than those with less or no ethanol. E15’s footprint is about 1% smaller than E10’s footprint.

Summertime E15 sales had been prohibited because it exceeded volatility standards designed to reduce smog. A special carve out for E10, which has approximately the same volatility as E15, was made in 1990. With the EPA’s new rule, environmentally conscious consumers can now buy fuel with a smaller greenhouse gas footprint and equivalent volatility.

In what may be a surprise to many consumers, E15 has been approved by the EPA for all car and truck engines beginning with the 2001 model year. Nearly all recent model year vehicles sold in the U.S. are approved by their manufacturers to use E15.

A sure way to see if your vehicle is warrantied to use E15 is to grab your owner manual or check your gas cap, as they usually have fueling information on them.

Now is a good time for consumers to take a few minutes and revisit the fuel their cars or trucks are approved to use and do some quick math to see if E15 works best. Five minutes could help consumers’ pocketbooks, the environment and North Dakota farmers.

National Peach Cobbler Day When is National Peach Cobbler Day? This holiday is always celebrated on April 13 How sweet this April 13 holiday is! Peaches are one of America’s favorite fruits. When you put it into a cobbler recipe, you’ve got a real treat. Undoubtedly, people will be asking for seconds.

Peach Cobbler is a deep-dish fruit pie, made with peaches and biscuits (or its equivalent). While it is best to be served hot, it is still delicious when consumed cold, too.

Back in the 1800s, American settlers traveling to the west did not have the ingredients to make a then-popular suet pudding. They used peaches and dough to cobble together this tasty fruit pie. We are sure glad they did!

For the record! The largest Peach Cobbler ever made was baked at the Georgia Peach Festival in 2007. It measured 11′ X 5′ and 8″ deep.

Here are some ways to enjoy National Peach Cobbler Day: Go to a restaurant and order peach cobbler for dessert.

Buy one from a bakery and bring it home or to work.

Make peach cobbler yourself for your family. See the link to our recipe below.

Make it and invite your neighbor over to enjoy it along with a little neighborhood gossip.

Solution to hemlock woolly adelgid pest

By Autumn Canaday, ARS Hemlocks, Tsuga species, are evergreen trees that can be found in forested ecosystems and in landscape plantings.

They are in the pine family and often assume a conical shape. Hemlocks are not poisonous and may even be used as Christmas trees during the holiday season.

Unfortunately, hemlocks in the U.S. are vulnerable to attack by a small insect called the hemlock woolly adelgid (HWA). This insect looks like tiny cotton balls on the needles of the tree and can kill the trees by feeding on the sap. The adelgid has decimated stands of hemlocks in the eastern U.S. While insecticides and biological control measures can offer some relief, the best way to combat HWA is to develop genetic resistance in the trees.

To address this agricultural challenge, USDA-ARS researchers at the U.S. National Arboretum, led by Horticulturist Susan Bentz, developed hybrids between the native (susceptible) Carolina hemlock and a resistant Asian species, Tsuga chinensis. Two of these hybrids, Tsuga ‘Traveler,’ and Tsuga ‘Crossroad’ – were recently released to the nursery industry. Both have resistance to HWA and have outstanding ornamental and growth characteristics, including symmetrical, upright habits. These hybrid hemlocks are the first to be introduced to the horticultural trade and represent new strategies for managing HWA in landscape settings.

“This has been a long-term project that utilized the Arboretum’s horticultural, scientific, germplasm and collaborative resources,” said Susan Bentz. “We are excited to have developed a sustainable approach to this problem.”

Both ‘Traveler’, now patented, and ‘Crossroad’ are hardy in U.S. Department of Agriculture Zones 6 and 7 and will perform well in moist, well-drained soil in full sun to partial shade. These cultivars can be clonally propagated by cuttings taken in December or January or in early summer. Rooting occurs slowly and the resulting plants transplant well from containers into the landscape.

Propagating nurseries interested in ‘Traveler’ or ‘Crossroad’ should contact usna.comments@usda.gov for more information.

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page C9

5 TOYOTA FORK LIFTS FOR SALE 2006 Toyota propane forklifts. 81” lift height, 6000 lb. capacity, hard rubber tires. Around 13,500 hours. $

9000 ea.

Located in Billings Phone (406) 855-5889

Flaman Rental & Sales 1-406-467-3454, Lattin & Sons, Power, Montana 1-406-278-3432, Lattin & Sons, Conrad, Montana

We Rent or Sell ALL Equipment!

Give us a call TODAY! • Dutch 540 manure spreader • Wishek heavy disk • Backhoe belt conveyor • Rem grain vac • Riteway 50-ft. rollers • Hay rake • Heavy harrow • Valmar heavy harrow, seeds grass & alfalfa • Rock rake • Rock picker • Post pounder • K-Line Tillers • No-till grass drill • Mini track hoe • Portable squeeze chute/alley/tub combo We now make up all sizes of hydraulic hoses.

New Shear Harrow for rent

Level gopher mounds in hay fields and pastures.

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page C10

AIR DRILLS FOR SALE

Case IH 8500 45-ft. air drill with 10” spacing............ $8500 2012 New holland 70-ft. air drill, 430 bushel tow between cart, variable rate................................................. $65,000 2005 Case IH ATX air drill with 3380 and 12” spacing, variable rate............................................................... $32,500 2005 Flexi-Coil 5000 39-ft. air drill with 10” spacing, variable rate............................................................... $38,000 Phone (406) 485-2340 or (406) 853-2012

FULL TIME DRIVER WANTED Cow-Boy’s Trucking is seeking to hire a full time operator.

Dedicated runs from MT to ID weekly.

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2 years CDL experience required.

Pay: DOE

Phone Heath (712) 395-0688 for more information.

HUNTING LAB AKC PUPPIES NOW!!

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Reasonable prices depending on pet or breeding status.

Balewagons & Retrievers Late Model New Holland 1069 gas balewagon.................$47,000 New Holland 1069 gas balewagon, nice............................$37,500 New Holland S1049 nice condition....................................$19,500 New Holland Super 1049 balewagon................................$18,500 2006 New Holland 1037 balewagon, sharp.......................$35,000 6-New Holland 1037 balewagons, rebuilt........ $26,500 to $42,000 New Holland 1033 REBUILT, like new...............................$17,500 New Holland 1032 pull type, REBUILT...............................$17,500 New Holland 1052 retriever mounted on 2006 Peterbilt....$45,000

Haying Equipment

Hoelscher 100 bale clamp (10 bale). Like new.....................$4850

Miscellaneous

Niagara 14-ft. metal shear, 3/16 capacity, very good condition, 3 phase.........................$3500

Cincinatti 12-ft. press brake with dies...............................$9500 Danuser 3-pt. post pounder in very nice condition........$1850

2006 Peterbilt 385 semi truck, Cummins ISM370 engine, 13 speed transmission....$18,500

1979 International cabover grain truck, 20-ft. box and hoist with tarp, Cummins engine with 13 speed transmission............ ...................................$13,500

Hutchmaster 7600 32-ft. disk, 22” discs, new bearings.$6500

Sod Buster Sales Inc.

Farm Equipment Finding Service

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The North Dakota 4-H hippology team was overall national champion and took home numerous individual and team placings at the National Western 4-H Roundup. Team members are (from left): Anne Schauer, Mikaela Woodruff, Emily Fannik, Olivia Lebrun and coach Paige Brummund. (NDSU photo)

North Dakota 4-H’ers sweep national hippology contest North Dakota 4-H members earned top rankings during the hippology contest at the Western National 4-H Roundup in Denver, Colorado. Representing North Dakota was the hippology team from Ward County, who were the overall national champion team.

Members are Emily Fannik of Max, Olivia Lebrun of Berthold, Anne Schauer of Carpio and Mikaela Woodruff of Edgeley. They also brought home individual top placings.

Hippology is the study of horses that consists of a team learning vet science, nutrition, horse care and general horse industry knowledge. The contest has four main components: horse judging, station identification, a written test and a team problem.

“At nationals, the dial adjusts to more challenging multiple rounds of the four components as compared to the North Dakota State 4-H contest,” says Emily Burkett, North Dakota State University Extension 4-H youth development agent in Ward County.

The team completed a written exam, a series of PowerPoint slide identifications, four horse judging classes and four team problem scenarios. In the horse judging portion of the contest, they analyzed two performance and two halter classes of reining, hunter under saddle, performance mares and performance geldings.

The North Dakota team came out on top, bringing home the following placings: National champion – Overall National champion – Exam and Slides National champion – Horse Judging National champion – Stations and Lab Practicum Reserve national champion – Team Problem Individual placings by event were: Overall Woodruff – national champion Schauer – reserve national champion Fannik – third place ##### The region of the U.S. that consumes the least alcohol (the “Bible Belt”) is also known by many doctors as “Stroke Alley.”

Lebrun – fourth place Exam and slides Fannik – national champion Woodruff – reserve national champion Schauer – fourth place Lebrun – fifth place Horse Judging Schauer – national champion Woodruff – fifth place Fannik – sixth place Lebrun – seventh place Stations and Lab Practicum Woodruff – national champion (with a perfect score) Schauer – reserve national champion Lebrun – fourth place Fannik – fifth place Volunteer coaches who have assisted the team throughout their 4-H career include Burkett, Paige Brummund, NDSU Extension agriculture and natural resources agent in Ward County; Christopher Rockeman, Donnybrook; and Kathy Baer, Garrison.

“The effort and dedication it takes to learn the diverse and challenging contest content is not a simple task to accomplish,” says Brummund. “Since two team members are college students while the other two are seniors in high school, seeing this incredible group of young women finish their 4-H Hippology careers is bittersweet.”

This is the second year in a row North Dakota has won the National Hippology Contest. Last year, a team from Benson County placed first.

The next North Dakota 4-H Hippology season is beginning. Practices are in Minot on Tuesdays and Berthold on Wednesdays.

To learn more about hippology, contact Burkett at 701-857-6450, or find information on the NDSU Extension website at www.ndsu.edu/agriculture/extension/ county-extension-offices/ward-county/4-h or on Facebook at www.facebook.com/ WardCounty4HYouth.

##### “What if everything is an illusion and nothing exists? In that case I definitely overpaid for my carpet.”

–Woody Allen

##### In 1990 Sacromento, CA, officially renamed its manholes “maintance holes.” Why? For “gender equality.”

Whisker facts A cat’s whiskers are a marvel of form and function. Here are a few facts about them that will have you feline fine.

• On average, cats have 24 cheek whiskers–12 on each side of their face–that are arranged in four horizontal rows.

• Each whisker is rooted in the cat’s upper lip, and ever root connects to 200 or more nerve endings.

• As a cat moves around an object–a bush or a sofa– air currents create a tiny breeze. The whiskers pickup up the changes in air pressure, helping the cat to avoid objects in its path.

• Whiskers also direct huning cats to their prey.

In one experiment, a blindfolded cat was placed in an enclosure with a mouse.

When the cat’s whiskers touched the mouse, the cat grabbed its prey and delivered a killing bit in one-tenth of a second.

• Once the prey is in the cat’s mouth, the whiskers curl forward to sense any movement that might mean the animal is still alive and not safe to eat.

• The width of a cat’s outstretched whiskers is usually the same as the width of his body, enabling him to measure whether a hole or opening is wide enough for him to enter. When a cat gains too much weight, though, his whiskers stay the same size. So a fat cat may misjudge the size of his body and get stuck in a hole or cat door.

• Cats also have whiskers on the backs of their front paws, which help him walk over uneven ground without stumbling. Paw whiskers also help cats determine the size and position of captured prey.

• Cats use their whiskers to communicate. Whiskers held out to the side indicate calmness or friendliness.

When they’re pointed upward, the cat is alert or excited. Backward-pointing: Look out–that’s a defensive or angry cat.

• Whiskers are such an important part of a cat’s physiology that the feline fetus develops whiskers before any other hairs. And when kittens are born, they’re blind and deaf, but the touch sensors on their whiskers are fully operational. ##### Where, oh where are my glasses, dear God? Where oh where could they be? I need them fast. Oh, look on top of my head, you say?

You’re always right! Thank you.

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page C11

If you have items you want advertised in the May 2023 issue THE VERY LATEST WE CAN ACCEPT THEM is April 26th.

YOUR FULL SERVICE

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✔ Touchscreen Display ✔ On-Screen Guidance (Optional) ✔ Detailed Datalogging CALL TODAY ✔ Reports ✔ Controller Area Network (CAN) Technology FOR MORE ✔ Profile INFORMATION! ✔ Scout - Map field boundaries or create in-depth field maps.

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Call today for more information 406-453-0010

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Great Falls, MT • (800) 452-0010 Great Bend, KS • (800) 652-9290 5710 Anchor Way 17 Liberty Lane Great Bend, KS 67530 Great Falls, MT 59404 Mitchell, SD • (800) 995-1943 Burley, ID • (800) 282-2432 3160 W. Havens Ave 199 W. 2nd N • Burley, ID 83318 Mitchell, SD 57301 Moses Lake, WA• (800) 996-2863 Garrison, ND • (888) 483-7669 950 E. Broadway Ave. 1681 NW Highway 83 Moses Lake, WA 98837 Garrison, ND 58540 Grand Island, NE • (800) 445-9110 Manvel, ND • (800) 582-4269 3836 W. Highway 30 601 Manvel Ave. Manvel, ND 58256 Grand Island, NE 68803

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page C12

RETIRED - WOULD LIKE TO SEE THEM GONE

John Deere 5020 tractor with 3-point and good tires......... ................................................................................ $5000 New Holland 1033 bale wagon, newer remote cables and first table chain, good tires. Excellent condition...... $5000 Parked for 3 years.

Phone (406) 648-5450, Hinsdale, Montana

STORAGE CONTAINERS & BRIDGES

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Phone (406) 899-4104

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10,000# jacks........... $150 7000# backing plates..$70

Hillsboro Pickup Flatbeds In Stock

4 Parallel Squeeze Bed 4 Pivot Squeeze Bed

2008 Ford F350 regular cab, V10, 4x4, automatic with DewEze bed.

1989 Chev 3500 dually, regular cab, 4x4, gas, mounted with DewEze 480 and a T&S cake feeder, 44,000 miles.

Ventenata

By Audrey Harvey and Jane Mangold, Department of Land Resources and Environmental Ventenata, also known as wiregrass or North African grass, is a non-native winter annual grass that is relatively new to Montana and has the potential to impact range, pasture, wild lands, and annual crops. Its low forage value and shallow root structure can lead to decreased agricultural production and increased risk of soil erosion.

Species name: Ventenata dubia (Leers) Coss. Family: Poaceae History and status: Ventenata originates from eastern Europe and was first found in North America in the early 1950s in Washington and Idaho. Ventenata was first documented in Montana in the mid-1990s.

Montana listed ventenata as a Priority 2A noxious weed in 2019 due to known infestations and continual spread in native rangeland, pastures, and along roadsides. Isolated infestations occur from western Montana through southern Montana (Figure 1).

Identification: Ventenata is a winter annual grass that typically grows 6-18 inches tall. It has a distinguishing long, membranous ligule (up to 0.3 inches in length) with reddish-black nodes along the stem (Figure 2). Seedlings and mature leaves are narrow and folded lengthwise. Open and airy panicles emerge in late May through June (above, photo by Inna Smith, Flickr), at which time the stems noticeably harden.

Ventenata seeds have bent and twisted awns (Figure 3), similar to other species in the Avenaceae tribe, like wild oat (Avena fatua).

The awns are developed, bent and twisted

by June and July, reaching about 0.1 inch in length.

Not to be confused with: Cheatgrass or downy brome (Bromus tectorum) and Japanese brome (B. japonicus). At the seedling stage, the leaves of cheatgrass and Japanese brome seedlings are twisted and hairier than ventenata. Ventenata seedlings emerge later and are thinner, more needle-like. At maturity, ventenata has awns like cheatgrass and Japanese brome but awns of ventenata are bent and twisted. Ventenata’s panicle is upright and open in contrast to the drooping panicles of cheatgrass and Japanese brome.

In addition, cheatgrass turns reddish-purple upon maturity while ventenata remains green to tawny brown. Ventenata can also be confused with the native grass, annual hairgrass (Deschampsia danthonioides), which has similar open and airy panicles with bent awns. It may be found overlapping with ventenata in wetter areas, particularly in western Montana.

Habitat: Ventenata mostly germinates in fall, but some germination can take place in spring. It is adapted to characteristic Mediterranean climates with cool, wet winters and hot, dry summers. Ventenata can invade rangeland, pastures, winter grain and hay fields, Conservation Reserve Program lands, and sagebrush steppe habitats (Figure 4). Field observations suggest it can grow in areas with moderate annual precipitation ranging from 14 to 44 inches and elevations ranging from 33 to 5,900 feet.

Spread: Ventenata reproduces by seeds.

Each plant produces about 15-35 seeds.

Dense stands of ventenata can produce from 2,800 to 3,700 seeds/ft2. It is known to spread via roadways and contaminated forage. Contaminated seeds from Idaho and Washington are suspected as a major source for infestations in Montana. Awns can easily attach to fur, clothing, and machinery. Some canyon grasslands in Idaho that were once dominated by cheatgrass are now infested by ventenata, and in sagebrush steppe communities, ventenata is associated with medusahead infestations.

Impacts: Of the five known species in the

Counties in Montana where ventenata has been reported.

genus Ventenata, V. dubia is the only one established in North America. Particularly in the Intermountain Pacific Northwest, it has caused substantial ecological and economic impacts in perennial grass habitats. These impacts are less understood for Montana; however, ventenata is generally unpalatable for livestock and wildlife as it matures and can decrease forage value.

Additionally, the shallow root system creates conditions conducive to soil erosion. In Idaho an estimated reduction of 50% forage yield and crop quality occurred a few years after initial infestations.

Management: Foremost, maintaining healthy productive stands of perennial grasses and early detection of infestations can limit invasion by ventenata. Mowing has limited success for small infestations as the wiry grass and bent-nature of the awns are difficult to cut and a second flush of seeds may occur. Grazing is not an option as livestock tend to avoid the grass due to its high silica content and thin wiry stature.

Esplanade 200 SC (active ingredient (a.i.) indaziflam), Axiom DF (a.i. flufenacet and metribuzin), and Sinbar WDG (a.i. terbacil) are currently labeled to control ventenata with limited application in rights-of-way and natural areas. This herbicide has been approved for use in rangeland under EPA Section 18 Specific Exemption until August 2020. Outrider (a.i. sulfosulfuron), Plateau/ Panoramic (a.i. imazapic ammonium salt), and Laramie 25 DF (a.i. rimsulfuron) are labeled for use on cheatgrass and Japanese brome and can also be effective on ventenata. In a three-year trial in southwestern Montana, post-emergence applications of indaziflam combined with propoxycarbazone-sodium, rimsulfuron, imazapic, or glyphosate resulted in over 80% control of ventenata. Some injury to perennial grasses occurred with these treatments and bare ground created niche openings for potential plant community changes. Further research on non-target injury by indaziflam is underway and mangement recommendations will continue to be refined.

Reddish-black node and long, membranous ligule of ventenata. Photo by Tim Prather, University of Idaho.

Seeds have bent awns. Photo

by Tim Prather, University of Idaho.

##### Thank you, Lord, for a lovely evening of moonlight and starlight and the chance to ponder your beautiful creation after a busy day of doing...well hmmm...of doing not one thing I can remember at this moment.

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page C13

2019 Peterbilt 579

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Trader’s Dispatch, April of 2023 —they Page C14

DURABILITY DURABILITYREDEFINED. REDEFINED. The Vermeer R-series twin basket rakes (R2300 and R2800) are for customers who need to cover lots of acres in a very short period of time. Built for performance and durability, these machines help to achieve faster dry down and make tightly rolled bales that preserve quality, shed water and transport easily. What’s more, these machines are proven on the millions of acres they have worked and the tremendous resale values they maintain.

DURABILITY REDEFINED.

Vermeermodels N-series balers – the newest models in the flagship Introducing Vermeer N-series balersIntroducing – the newest in the flagship line from the line from the

that started itprovide all. Heavy-duty components provideand superior strength and company that started itN-series all. Heavy-duty superior strength Introducing Vermeer N-series balers -company the–components newest models on the line from the company that Introducing Vermeer balers theSmart newest inflagship theautomatic flagship line from durability. featuresmodels like the available pickup clutch and the auto lube system durability.

Smart features like the available automatic pickup clutch and auto lube system started it all.

Heavy-duty components provide superior strength and durability.

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Plus, they’re backed by the best distribution network in like the company that started it all. Heavy-duty components provide superior strength andfeatures industry.

Vermeer 604N/605N balers are here to stay. further extend machine life. like Plus, they’re backed by the best distribution network inlube the Plus, the available automatic pickup clutch and auto lube system further extend machine life. they’re durability.

Smart features the available automatic pickup clutch and auto system Vermeer logo and Equipped to Do More are trademarks of Vermeer Manufacturing Company the U.S. and/or other countries. industry.

Vermeer 604N/605N network balersVermeer, are to stay. backed the best distribution inthehere the industry. balers are inhere to stay.

2016 Vermeer Corporation.

All Rights Reserved. furtherbyextend machine life. Plus,©they’re backed byVermeer the best604N/605N distribution network in the

EQUIPPED TO

DO MORE.

EQUIPPED TO Vermeer, the Vermeer logo and 604N/605N Equipped to Do More are trademarks of Vermeer Manufacturing Company in the U.S. and/or other countries.

JD 6125M , loader, 800 hours............................................$83,000 industry.

Vermeer balers are here to stay.

NEW & USED EQUIPMENT DO MORE. © 2016 Vermeer Corporation. All Rights Reserved.

(3) Vermeer 605M, twine, net, floats, ramp..Starting at $17,500 Many Tractors Available.........................................................CALL EQUIPPED TO Vermeer, the Vermeer logo and Equipped to Do MoreVermeer are trademarks Company in the U.S. We and/or other countries.

605N.....of .....Vermeer .................Manufacturing ...........................DEMO SPECIAL have expanded our product lines. Call for all JD 6125M loader,ea.800 hours .....farm .......attachment ................../..equipment ....DO ........$83,000 MORE. (2) Vermeer R2300, rakes, reconditioned .................,$14,500 your needs. & AllUSED EQUIPMENT © 2016 Vermeer NEW Corporation.

Rights Reserved.

Vermeer R2300, rake.........................Many ................Tractors ...2017’s In Stock Available.........................................................CALL (3) Vermeer 605M, twine, net, floats, rampHighline . .Starting at, chopper $17,500 ................................RENTAL RETURN CFR 650 , loader, 800 hours............................................$83,000 , 16’ header, 1475 hours.......JD ........6125M .............$60,000 Vermeer 605NNEW ............& ......USED ................EQUIPMENT .........Hesston ...........9435 DEMO SPECIAL We have expanded our.product lines.

Hesston 9635, 16’ header...........................Many Reduced Tractors to $70,000 Available ............or .....350-2676 ...........Call ......cell ...for ....Hilger, ..all ..........MT ...CALL 406-538-5686 ..........Starting .1275 ......,$14,500 ea.

(2) (3) Vermeer VermeerR2300 605M,,rakes, twine,reconditioned net, floats, ramp $17,500 Hesston swing at tongue ..............................your ...............farm $13,500attachment/equipment needs.

Walter 406-350-0380 , 3x4 square baler............................We ...........have .$27,500expanded our Vermeer In Stock ........................................Hesston ...........4790 .2017’s ....DEMO SPECIAL VermeerR2300 605N,..rake product lines. Call for all

The Vermeer R-series twin basket rakes (R2300 and R2800)

Wichman Ag Supply, LLC Are for customers Highline CFR 650 , chopper .............................RENTAL RETURN (2) Vermeer R2300 , rakes,....reconditioned .....NEW .......$14,500 ea. your farm attachment equipment needs.

51⁄2’ x 24’ Stand/Alone Panels $375 ea. & USED EQUIPMENT Wichman Ag Supply, LLC header, .......................605N ...net ....,$60,000 Hesston , 16’, rake Vermeer9435 R2300 .......1475 .........hours ................Vermeer ..........2017’s Stock twine,Infloats ................................USED DEMO 24’ Stand Alone Wind Break Panels $875 ea. to who need Hesston 16’ header ..........................................2017 ......Reduced to $70,000 R2300 , rakes ..............................................In Stock Highline9635 CFR,650 , chopper ....Vermeer .......RENTAL RETURN HDPE pipe, fittings, and welderMT 406-538-5686 or 350-2676 cell Hilger, rebuilt.......................Wichman ............$14,600 tongue..1475 ..........hours .........Vermeer .......................605XL ................,...completely Hesston cover lots of AgWaterers Supply, Geotherm & Parts In StockLLC Hesston1275 9435, swing , 16’ header, .....$13,500 ............$60,000 Vermeer ......................................................$9,250 WalterR&L 406-350-0380 Hesston .........2016 ....555 .....,..rebuilt .....$27,500 Hesston4790 9635, 3x4 , 16’square headerbaler ....................................(2) ......Reduced to $70,000 Demos.................................IN STOCK Vermeer R2300, and Machine, LLCa very acres in 406-538-5686 orSeed 350-2676 cell Hilger, MT for JD 740 loader...............$4,500 Hesston 1275 , swing ............NEW ......MDS .......Bucket .........&...Grapple, ...$13,500 – Geyser, MT ’ x....24’ Alone Panels $375 ea.

NEW & tongue USED.....EQUIPMENT 15” 2 auger $3,480Stand 406-735-4374 Quick Mount Hole Auger, NH9030 bi-direct51⁄ short period Walter rlmccray@3rivers.net 406-350-0380 Hesston 4790, 3x4 square baler.................Worksaver .............,..post .....pounder, ...$27,500 ..................$2,150 Vermeer 605N net, twine, floats...............3PT .................USED DEMOall hydraulic 24’......Stand Alone Wind Break Panels $875 ea.

605M,Alone reconditioned .....................$375 ......of ..........time. ...ea. ..$22,000 2017 VermeerNEW R2300& , rakes ............EQUIPMENT .........................NEW .........& In USED Stock EQUIPMENT51⁄ 2’ x pipe, 24’Vermeer Stand USED HDPE fittings, and Panels welder

NEW , 21’ cut.................................COMING IN Vermeer BP8000, used bale processor............................$13,500 Vermeer completely .............Vermeer .TM1410 .$14,600 Vermeer605XL 605N, net , twine, rebuilt floats......................NEW ......................TM850 ........USED Wind BreakInEquipment Panels Vermeer , trailedDEMO mower..............24’ ..Geotherm ..........Stand ..IN STOCK Alone Waterers &Ranch Parts Stock $875 ea.

Cox Vermeer 555, rebuilt..................................Vermeer ............TM1200 ...........,.15.5’ ...$9,250 demo unit.........................IN STOCK 2017forVermeer R2300and , rakes ................NEW .......Vermeer ...........R2300 ..................cut, In Stock Cliff make Cox 406-594-2204, Winston, MTpreserve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

IN STOCK HDPE pipe, fittings, and welder Built performance durability, these machines help to achieve faster dry down and tightly rolled bales that The Vermeer R-series twin basket rakes (R2300 and R2800) are for customers who need to cover lots of acres in a (2) 2016 Vermeer R2300, Demos.................................IN STOCK Nate Cox 406-594-2205, Winston, MT NEW Vermeer VR1224 , .with center splitter...................IN STOCK Vermeer 605XL , completely rebuilt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $14,600 very short period of & time.

Built for and these machines..help to achieve fast er dry down quality, shed water and transport What’s these on the millions of&and acres they worked and NEW MDS Bucket Grapple, forperformance JDeasily.

740NEW loader ......durability, ..more, .......$4,500 Vermeer rake..machine ........................are ....Geotherm .INproven STOCK Waterers Parts Inhave Stock Shane 406-547-4749, Vermeer 555 , rebuilt ....that ..,..NH9030 ...preserve ......they ......bi-direct ...quality, ....(2) ....Vermeer ..15” ..shed .....auger ..R23 .water .RR140 ....Rakes .....,and .rotary .,.reconditioned ..$9,250 – Sereday Geyser, MT make tightly rolled bales transport more, these machines are ......easily. .........406-735-4374 ......What’s ..$8,000 ea. the tremendous resale values maintain.

Quick Mount Hole Auger ....$3,480 White Sulphur Springs, MT WR24 RakeSTOCK .................resale ................values .............$3,000 proven on the millionsR2300, of acres they have worked and..Wheel the .tremendous they maintain.

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IN STOCK Techno 980 ,..8..bale mover ............................................Shane ......30+ $32,500 Sereday 406-547-4749, palletsGreg IN406-978-3777 STOCK(cell) NOW Vermeer TM1200, 15.5’ cut, demo unitRed ...........,..8..round .......hay ...IN STOCK baleea. trailer..............................Cliff .........$7,500 ......Rhino ..............$8,000 (2) Vermeer605N, R23 Rakes , reconditioned...PS CoxSulphur 406-594-2204, Winston, MT Vermeer 16,000 White Springs, MT NEW Vermeer R2300 .............bales, ....................serviced.. ........................ .IN CALL STOCK Redmond Garlic and RedmondWinston, Garlic/Stress Vermeer WR24 Wheel Rake..............................................$3,000 Nate Cox 406-594-2205, MT salt NEWVermeer Vermeer605SM, VR1224 , PS with,Serviced, center splitter ........Ready.. .....STOCK IN. CALL STOCK coxranchequip@gmail.com 3-Vermeer Field net, twine, moisture ...........IN NEW 6650 Rancher SweetPro tubs and loose mineral with Garlic NEW Vermeer RR140, rotary rake.................................IN STOCK Shane Sereday 406-547-4749, 2020 Vermeer VR1224, rake, 24-FT ...........rake ...........width...... .$8,000 ea.PULLEY & WELD-ON (2) Vermeer R23 Rakes , reconditioned SPROCKETS ON HAND NEW & USED EQUIPMENT White Sulphur Springs, MT Vermeer WR24Rancher Wheel, Rake .$3,00080 chain, 60 chain, 60 Heavy chain, 50 chain Vermeer 6650 baler..............................................................................................NEW ......................................................................NEW coxranchequip@gmail.com net, .twine, . . . .STOCK IN STOCK NEWVermeer VermeerR2800 6650, Rancher NEW hydraulic ,rakes ...........moisture ................IN Cut to Length • Hilger, MT 406-538-5686 Vermeer VRB14, Hi Capacity, 14-Wheel Rake..NEW Introducing Vermeer N-series the flagship line from the NEW Vermeer R2300 , rake...balers ...........–....the ......newest .............models ........IN in STOCK www.wichmanagsupply.com PULLEY & WELD-ON SPROCKETS NEW & USED EQUIPMENT company started superior strength and Vermeer R2300 We Sell & Repair Baler Belts ON HAND .all. ....R2800, ..Heavy-duty .................rakes.. ...components ..............................NEW .........provide .....IN STOCK Vermeer that 605 N..........it..& durability.

Smart features like the available automatic pickup clutch and auto lube system Vermeer 6650 Rancher , baler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

NEW 80 chain, 60 chain, 60 Heavy chain, 50 page chain See new inventory on our Vermeer 605M, net, twine, floats, ramps..........................$18,900 All Makes & Models Facebook H&S, 14-wheel rake....................................... $7500 further extend machine life.

Plus, they’re backed ......................by ............best .INdistribution STOCK network in the NEW Vermeer R2800 , hydraulic rebuiltrakes pickup .........the ........$7,500 Vermeer Rebel 5500 , twine, Cut to Length industry. Vermeer 604N/605N balers are here to stay.

NEW R2300 .IN STOCK JD 566Vermeer , twine only ..........,...rake ........................................................$5,000 TO Vermeer, the Vermeer logoN and Equipped to Do More are trademarks of Vermeer Manufacturing Company other countries.

We Sell EQUIPPED &(shop) Repair BalerMT Belts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

IN STOCKin the U.S. and/or Vermeer 605 NEW Wheatheart Heavy Hitter Post Driver , . . . . . . . . . . . . ..CALL DO MORE. 406-778-3777 – Baker, © 2016 Vermeer Corporation. All Rights Reserved.

8 bale mover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $32,500 Techno 980 , Vermeer 605M , net, twine, floats, ramps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $18,900 All Makes & Models 2-NEW Vermeer R2300’s rakes. . .......HERE NOW! (cell) Greg , loader, 800 hours ............406-978-3777 ................................$83,000 & USED EQUIPMENT 8 round hay trailer ........pickup ...............................$7,500 Red RhinoRebel ,NEW twine, rebuilt ..JD ....6125M $7,500 Vermeer 5500 ,bale NEW Vermeer R2800 rake................HERE NOW! Many Tractors Available.........................................................CALL (3) 605Monly , twine, JDVermeer 566, twine ......net, ......floats, ........ramp ...........Starting .............at....$17,500 ....................$5,000 Vermeer 605N605SM .....................net/twine, ..........................7000 .......DEMO SPECIAL Vermeer bales.

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Lentil fertilizer study results from MSU available online

Montana State University scientists and their colleagues are sharing the results of a three-year study examining the importance of inoculant and sulfur fertilizer on lentil production.

Scientists from MSU and North Dakota State University recently completed the study, which examined seven sites across the Great Plains. Researchers aimed to determine the effects of rhizobial inoculants and certain fertilizer nutrients (potassium, sulfur and micronutrients) on lentil yield at each site and nitrogen fixation at two sites. The study was led by professor Perry Miller in the MSU Department of Land Resources and Environmental Sciences.

According to Clain Jones, MSU Extension soil fertility specialist and professor in the LRES department, the number of acres in Montana used to produce lentils has increased dramatically in the past two decades. Lentils, which are legumes, form symbiotic relationships with rhizobia bacteria in nodules on their roots that can convert nitrogen gas to a form useful to plants, a process known as nitrogen fixation.

Inoculating legumes with rhizobia can increase the likelihood and extent of nodulation and nitrogen fixation. This process makes lentils an attractive option for farmers who want to use less nitrogen fertilizer on their soil, Jones said.

The study showed that inoculated lentils produced greater yields in 30% of site-years — by an average of 344 pounds per acre — and fixed more nitrogen in 40% of site-years by an average of 14 pounds per acre. That’s compared to noninoculated lentils.

(A site-year is a test performed for one year at one site.

That means a test conducted at one site for 10 years equals 10 site-years; conversely, a test conducted for one year at 10 sites also equals 10 site-years.)

“Lentil response to inoculation was not impacted by a history of legumes on study fields, but other research suggests it can impact nodulation success,” Miller said. “Inoculation is likely worth the cost since nodulation failure risks an insufficient nitrogen supply.”

The study compared two types of inoculants: granular and a peat-powder, seed-coat formulation. According to Jones, neither type showed a consistent advantage in lentil yields or amounts of nitrogen fixed.

“Montana soils are typically sufficient in potassium, and this was true for this study, as well,” Jones said. Researchers found that potassium fertilizer did not consistently increase lentil yield or the amount of nitrogen fixed. “Still, farmers should have their soils tested for exchangeable potassium to make sure levels are sufficient,” he said.

The researchers found that lentil sometimes responded to sulfur fertilizer. Yield and the amount of nitrogen fixed both increased in 20% of site-years by an average of 255 and 30 pounds per acre, respectively. Low soil sulfur levels did not always result in a lentil response to sulfur fertilizer.

“However, because of several large positive yield and nitrogen fixation responses observed and the low cost of applying 5 pounds of sulfur per acre, sulfur fertilization is likely a good decision for many lentil producers,” Jones said.

At one site-year, nitrogen fixation consistently increased as whole plant tissue sulfur concentration at early pod stage increased, while yield plateaued at tissue sulfur concentrations around 0.09%.

“This means that a sulfur fertilizer application may be justified, even when a seed yield response does not occur, since more fixed nitrogen is contained in lentil residue and hence producers may be able to decrease nitrogen fertilizer the following year,” Jones said. “Organic producers who rely more upon legume cover crops for their nitrogen fertility could especially benefit from increased nitrogen contained in crop residue because of increased sulfur supply. There are affordable, organic gypsum sources that producers can use to supply sulfur.”

The study’s summary, “Fertilizer Fact 81: Lentil Yield and Nitrogen Fixation Response to Inoculant and Fertilizer,” is now available online at landresources.montana.edu/fertilizerfacts/html/FF81.html.

Questions about this or other soil fertility topics can be directed to Jones at clainj@montana.edu or 406-994-6076.

More information on soil fertility is available at the MSU Extension soil fertility website at landresources.montana. edu/soilfertility/. ##### You grow up the day you have your first real laugh at yourself. ##### Happiness lies in the joy of achievement and the thrill of creative effort.

TDN Translation: Understanding energy of forages

By Hannah Smith, Nebraska Extension Beef Systems Extension Educator Total digestible nutrients (TDN) are the Where does TDN intersect with cattle common energy reference for both feed management decisions? Most commonly, content and animal requirement, so how are when analyzing forage sample results, we the two connected and what can we know to can see the TDN value as a percent of the better examine TDN of feedstuffs and use dry matter composition. First, understand energy economically? that the percent TDN indicates forage qualThe initial measure of energy begins ity and measures potential for digestibility. with gross energy (GE), which is the term The average measure of meadow hay is for all energy contained within a feed and 53% with a typical range from 49% to 57%. consumed by the animal. By subtracting all Sandhills range has potential to be 56% but the energy that passes through to manure can range from 49% to 68% throughout the from GE, you get digestible energy (DE). year, when evaluating actual selected forDigestible energy is the measure of energy ages (Table 1). converted into TDN within feedstuffs.

Table 1. Examples of forages and their TDN and crude protein (CP) values. The value for native prairie hay and meadow hay sourced from The Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle, 2016. The value for Sandhills range and meadow sourced from actual cattle diets collected at UNL’s Gudmundsen Sandhills Laboratory.

The relationship between feedstuff digestibility and protein content are somewhat correlated. As plants mature and the protein value starts to decline, digestibility decreases and we will see a lower TDN value.

Knowing this allows us to economically evaluate forages beyond just a protein value.

A 1,400 lb, Spring-calving cow currently in midgestation requires 11.6 lb/ day of TDN. On a forage with 50% TDN, the cow’s daily intake would have to be 27.0 lb of hay, as-fed. If the hay is 60% TDN, that intake requirement drops to 22.2 lb/day. The December 1 Nebraska Hay Summary reported Good Quality (9 to 13% CP) prairie hay selling at $205.00/ton. For a cow during mid-gestation (90 days), she would consume 405 lb additional forage of 50% TDN, which costs $41.51/cow more for midgestation alone. Multiply that by 150 cows and the additional economic value during the second trimester is 60,750 lb of hay for an added cost of $6,227.

Protein is the first limiting nutrient when meeting range beef cow requirements because if crude protein falls below 7%, intake will decrease. However, energy is what the cow needs to live and do her job. Evaluating forages on both a protein and energy basis can ensure we know how to manage our feeds this winter, especially in a purchasing scenario, to ensure we get the most value with the resources we have going into a winter with elevated feed costs and inconsistent moisture.

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page C15

BUCKLEY AUCTIONS AND APPRAISERS

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Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page C16

PASTURE WANTED

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Prairie Fare: Try this quiz about the coldest days of winter

By Julie Garden-Robinson, Ph.D., R.D., L.R.D., North Dakota State University Extension food and nutrition specialist and professor in the Department of Health, Nutrition and Exercise Sciences. them in blankets or other coverings to help I participate in many online meetings them get warm. If the person is conscious, for my various projects. My colleagues are provide warm, non-alcoholic beverages. from across the United States.

3) Frostbite is a serious condition that We typically give short weather reports could lead to amputation in the most severe as we begin our online discussions. In the cases. Be sure to wear appropriate clothing, winter, they often shudder when I talk about including mittens, hats, boots and layers of negative Fahrenheit temperatures. clothing.

I have suggested face-to-face meetings in 4) If you come upon a person with frostFargo in January, but they politely decline. bit, get the person to a warm area (warm During one meeting, our temperatures vehicle, indoor shelter). Do not rub the were in the minus 20 Fahrenheit range on affected area, because that could increase outdoor thermometers. the damage. For frostbite on hands or feet, “How can you handle the cold?” my colyou could immerse the affected areas in leagues in warmer states ask me in disbelief. warm – not hot – water once indoors. Seek Complaining about the cold helps a little. medical care as soon as possible.

Then you just deal with it.

5) Be sure to keep a winter survival kit During warmer months, I have a question in your vehicle. The kit should include a for them. shovel, windshield scraper, blankets, warm “How do you handle the heat and humidclothing (hats, mittens), booster cables, tow ity in your state?” I ask. rope, high-calorie dried or canned food (and We all know that we adapt to our sura can opener), a container of water, a can and roundings. I tend to do better in extreme matches (to melt snow for additional water), cold compared to extreme heat. When the a flashlight, batteries and several other items weather warms up into the teens and twenon the “Extreme Cold” list (available at ties above zero, we become giddy at the http://emergency.cdc.gov/disasters/winter/ balmy temperatures. guide.asp).

Both cold weather and hot weather can be Remember that staying nourished and life-threatening. Really, how can we handle well-hydrated is just as important in the the sometimes dangerously cold winters in winter as it is in other seasons. Your body the Midwest? burns extra calories to keep you warm, Here is a short quiz as we approach the whether you are walking outdoors or shovcoldest days of the year. This information eling snow. You lose moisture as you exhale. is adapted from the Centers for Disease A non-caffeinated, non-alcoholic beverControl and Prevention. age will warm you best. Try a cup of pepWhat is the name of the condition where permint tea or other herbal tea. your body’s temperature loses heat faster For a quick cup of tea, bags are available. than it is produced. It can occur in cold See “Take Time for Tea” at ndsu.ag/timetemperatures and also cool temperatures for-tea for more information about the poabove 40 F when a person gets wet. tential health benefits of various types of tea.

Name at least three categories of people Making a pot of tea is a “ceremony” in who are the most common victims of the some cultures. Here’s how to brew tea for condition in question number 1. the best flavor. Add some honey if you like What is the name of the condition where a sweeter beverage. Grab a blanket, turn on you may lose feeling in your hands or feet your favorite movie or open a book, and and the skin may look white, grayish or enjoy your warming beverage. even waxy?

How to brew the best cup of tea Name at least three things you should do Bring freshly drawn water (preferably if you encounter a person with the condition not softened or hard) to a boil in a glass or in question number 3? enamel container (not aluminum), remove Name at least five items that should go from the heat and cool for one to three in an emergency survival kit to be in your minutes. vehicle.

In a teapot made of glass, china or porThe answers are: celain, place about 1 teaspoon of tea leaves 1) Hypothermia is the condition where for every 6 ounces of water. Allow the tea body temperature declines to a dangerous leaves to move freely in the water (referred level. It can be life threatening. to as “blossom”) and then strain when 2) The most common victims of hypopoured. If using an infusion basket or tea thermia are older adults, infants who are ball, select one large enough to allow the sleeping in cold rooms, people who are leaves to move. outdoors a long time, including homeless The length of brewing time can affect flapopulations, and people who use alcohol vor. Usually steep for three to five minutes. or illicit drugs, which may mask the sensaExperiment with the amount of brewing tions. time to get the desired flavor, or follow the If you come upon a person with hypothermanufacturer’s directions. mia, seek medical help. Hypothermia is a When time allows, warm the tea cup medical emergency, so call 911. If help is before serving the tea. not readily available, move the person to a warm area. Remove wet clothing and wrap

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page C17

Fall dormancy in alfalfa

If you have items you want advertised in the May 2023 issue THE VERY LATEST WE CAN ACCEPT THEM is April 26th.

By Ben Beckman, UNL The time for spring planting alfalfa is just around the corner and two traits often confused, are fall dormancy and winter survival. Let’s look at fall dormancy today.

Fall dormancy is a measure of an alfalfa plant’s ability to regrow in the fall after harvest and spring following winter.

It is scored on a scale ranging from 1 to 11 with 1 being most dormant and 11 the least. Higher dormancy means a harvested plant will focus its resources in the fall on building reserves to survive the winter and less on new growth.

This tendency toward slower regrowth manifests throughout the year, with less dormant varieties typically recovering faster in the spring and producing overall higher yields.

Another role dormancy plays is keeping plants from starting growth during the random warm-ups in the fall and winter months. Plants that break bud during these periods are subject to winterkill.

Finally, fall dormancy can impact the harvest timetable.

Lower dormancy rated alfalfa plants will regrow slower after harvest as well. This translates into more time to remove forage from the field before “windrow disease” and field traffic become a concern.

In the past, fall dormancy traits were linked with winter survival. With new varieties, this isn’t always the case, so fall dormancy needs to be evaluated on its own.

Variety selection depends upon your management, production goals, and ability for a stand to make it through winter without sacrificing additional yield. If you have regular issues with stand winterkill, a lower rated variety with improved dormancy. In Nebraska, we recommend dormancy ratings 1 through 5.

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McFARLANE

16-BAR HARROW

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• Single hydralic circuit for lift and fold

• Single hydralic circuit • Single hydralic circuit and fold • Long hitch for easy turning forfor liftlift and fold

• Long hitch easy turning • Long hitch forfor easy turning • Heavy-duty 1 piece frame fa

out of square tubular steel The 16-Bar Forward-Fold• Harrow, • Heavy-duty 1 piece frame fabricated Heavy-duty 1 piece frame fabricated out of square tubular steel The 16-Bar Forward-Fold Harrow, out of square tubular steel The 16-Bar Forward-Fold Harrow, built for durability and ease of • Excellent for leveling chisel builtdurability for durability ease of • Excellent for leveling chisel built for and and ease ofcombines plow ridges in spring operation, McFarlane’s • Excellent for leveling chisel plow ridges in spring operation, combines McFarlane’s plow ridges in spring operation, combines McFarlane’s standing tradition of rugged • Ideal when teamed behind long standinglong tradition of rugged • Ideal when teamed behind long standing tradition of ruggedwith features • Ideal when teamedorbehind a field cultivator or disc a field cultivator disc dependability dependability with features a field cultivator or disc dependability with features • Good for broadcast seeding designed to provide maximum • Good for broadcast seeding designed to provide maximum • Good for broadcast seeding designed to provide maximum coverage andcoverage performance. and performance. • Complete with 16-Bar•harrow sections Complete with 16-Bar harro

TWICE THE COVERAGE,

THE COVERAGE, TWICE TWICE THE COVERAGE, TWICE THE PERFORMANCE TWICE THE PERFORMANCE TWICE THE PERFORMANCE THE TOTAL TILLAGE TOOL THE TOTAL TILLAGE THE TOTAL TILLAGE TOOLTOOL McFarlane’s 16-Bar Spike Tooth Forward-Fold Harrow is more than a

McFarlane’s 16-Bar Spike Tooth Forward-Fold Harrow is more than a McFarlane’s 16-Bar Spike Tooth Forward-Fold Harrow is more than a superior performance harrow. a total tillage tool that provides harrow.

It’sIt’s a total tillage tool. tool.

It’s a It’s tool a that provides superior performance harrow. It’s a total tillage tool. It’s a tool that provides superior performance for field finishing, field preparation and chemical incorporation. for field finishing, field preparation and chemical incorporation. for field finishing, field preparation and chemical incorporation.

coverage and performance.

• Complete with 16-Bar harrow sections • 16 Harrow bars for • 16 Harrow bars for • 16 superior Harrow bars for leveling superior leveling superior leveling • Fully flexible • Fully flexible • Fully flexible • 20 Teeth per foot for excellent coverage • 20 Teeth per foot for • 20 Teeth per foot for excellent coverage excellent coverage • High-carbon replaceable diamond-shaped teeth • High-carbon replaceable • High-carbon replaceable diamond-shaped teeth diamond-shaped teeth • Two positive pitch teeth settings -50º or reverse pull at 38º • Two positive pitch harrow teeth• settings Two positive pitch teeth sett -50º or reverse harrow pull at 38º

The 16-Bar Forward-Fold gives you double coverage, and double performance.

The2-to-3 16-Bar Forward-Fold gives of you double coverage, and double With times the double normal coverage, number bars and spikes, McFarlane’s 16-Barperformance.

The 16-Bar Forward-Fold gives you and double performance.

With 2-to-3thoroughly times the normal number ofsoil, bars and16-Bar spikes, McFarlane’s 16-Bar Forward-Fold and stirs the significantly reducing field With 2-to-3 times the normal number of breaks bars and spikes, McFarlane’s Forward-Fold breaks and stirs the soil, significantly preparation time.thoroughly Depending on soil conditions, some operators Forward-Fold thoroughly breaks and stirs the soil, significantly reducing fielduse the reducing field McFarlane 16-Bar Forward-Fold alone for spring field prepar preparation Depending on soil conditions, some operators use the preparation time.

Depending ontime. soil conditions, some operators use the 16-Bar for spring field prepar McFarlane 16-BarMcFarlane Forward-Fold aloneForward-Fold for spring fieldalone prepar The 16-Bar Forward-Fold Harrow is the ideal tool for shallow chemical incorporation.

It provides superior coverage taking chemicals to the The 16-Bar Forward-Fold Harrow is the ideal tool for shallow chemical TUBULAR FRAME The 16-Bar Forward-Fold Harrow is the ideal tool for shallow chemical 1"-to-2" depth recommended by many manufacturers.

The result is incorporation. It provides superior coverage taking chemicals to the incorporation.

It provides superior coverage taking chemicals to the 6"x6" Tubular center TUBULAR FRAME better incorporation and better performance from your herbicides.

TUBULAR FRAME 1"-to-2" depth recommended by many manufacturers. The result is wing frame 1"-to-2" depth recommended by many manufacturers. The result is 6"x6" Tubular center better incorporation and better performance from your herbicides.

6"x6" Tubular center better incorporation and better performance from your herbicides. wing frame

wing frame

-50º or reverse harrow pull

WING FOLD CUSHION spring cushion for WING Integrated FOLD CUSHION

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WING FOLD CUSHION Integrated spring cushion for smooth transition to field position.

Integrated spring cushion for

smooth transition to field position.

WALKING TANDEM AXLE Reduces frame bounce WALKING TANDEM when working inAXLE rough ground at high speeds Reduces frame bounce WALKING Straight dual axle available TANDEM AXLE when working in rough

ground at high speeds Reduces frame bounce Straight dual axle available when working in rough

ground at high speeds Straight dual axle available

ONE-PIECE MAIN FRAME

4"x6" Main frame hitch for sizes 1024 – 1038 6"x8" Main frame hitch for sizes 1040 and up ONE-PIECE MAIN FRAME

4"x6" Main frame hitch for sizes 1024 – 1038 6"x8" Main frame hitch for sizes 1040 and up

WING REST

LARGE TRUSSED TOOLBAR

UHMW cover prevents paint scuffing.

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Securing pin provides positive lock.

ONE-PIECE MAIN FRAME

WING REST

Increased strength does not require a pull

cable TRUSSED which allows for tighter turning when LARGE TOOLBAR

pulled in tandem with another tillage tool.

Increased strength does not require a pull cable which allows for tighter turning when LARGE TRUSSED TOOLBAR pulled in tandem with another tillage tool.

UHMW cover prevents paint scuffing.

Securing pin provides positive lock.

Increased strength does not require a pull cable which allows for4/1/2021 tighter turning when 12:19:23 PM pulled in tandem with another tillage tool.

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Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page C18

TRACTORS FOR SALE

1950 Allis-Chalmers CA new rear tires, 28 hp.$1100 INT 350 utility, diesel, with steel brush, needs clutch, good tires....................................................... $1500 INT 300 utility, front end Davis loader, 38 hp..... $3000 Phone Russ (406) 468-8301, Great Falls, MT

Q: Why did the skeleton cross the road?

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US Dealer for K-Hart Direct Seeding Disc Drills Dave and Brock Linker • 6960 North Coffee Creek Rd, Coffee Creek, MT 59424

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Several new 74-ft. drills coming in built to your configuration.

Give us a call.

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New and Used Tractors, Implements, Trucks, Trailers See Our Full Inventory on Our Website

New Kinze 362HSD Mach Till $180,000

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Tires in all sizes from small garden tractor up to construction tires

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Snowpack percentages increase after above normal February precipitation

After a large late January storm ended several weeks of dry weather, active weather has persisted. “There were not many days in February in which it wasn’t snowing somewhere in Montana,” said Eric Larson, USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) Water Supply Specialist. In addition to consistent precipitation during the month, there were a couple large storms that added to the totals. The most significant storm occurred near the end of the month, and similar to the late January storm, delivered several feet of snow to Montana. The largest storm totals accumulated in the Mission and Swan Mountain ranges, where over four inches of precipitation fell. Other mountain locations across Montana received about two to three inches of precipitation.

Overall, February precipitation was near to well above normal across most of Montana and northern Wyoming.

The Smith-Judith-Musselshell region received over 150% of normal monthly precipitation, while basins in western Montana stretching from the Madison to the Kootenai River basin received about 90% to 110% of normal precipitation.

All other basins were somewhere between that range, except for the Bitterroot which only received about 80% of normal February precipitation.

“As of March 1, most snowpack percentages have increased from last month. This was a timely rebound as many Montana river basins experienced a decrease in their snowpack percentage from January 1 to February 1,” said Larson.

Currently the snowpack is above normal in all basins east of the Continental Divide, except the Saint Mary River basin which is at about 90% of normal for March 1. The Bighorn, Upper Yellowstone, Jefferson, and Sun-Teton-Marias River basins currently have a near normal snowpack. The Madison, Gallatin, Tongue, and Powder River basins currently have a well above normal snowpack, at about 115%. The SmithJudith-Musselshell River basin snowpack is also well above normal at about 125%.

Some regions including the Madison, Gallatin, Little Belts, Big Belts, and Bighorn mountains have accumulated a two-to-three-inch surplus of snow water equivalent, which will be beneficial if active weather tapers off in the next couple months. However, those regions are still three to six inches below their normal April peak snowpack levels and lack of snowfall during the next couple months could result in a below normal snowpack in the spring, when it matters most. “River basins to keep an eye on over the next couple months are the Kootenai, Lower Clark Fork, Bitterroot, and Saint Mary. The basin-wide snowpack deficit in these basins currently ranges from three to six inches of snow water equivalent,” said Larson. These basins will need above normal precipitation over the next couple months, otherwise snowmelt provided water supply will likely be below normal this spring.

“With one to two months remaining in the typical snowpack accumulation season, the current snowpack provides insight into what spring snowmelt will bring, and March 1 water supply forecasts are now available statewide,” said Larson. Most of the forecasts are within 10% of normal, which aligns with current water year precipitation and the ensuing snowpack. Exceptions are parts of central Montana (Smith-Judith-Musselshell), southwest Montana (Gallatin and Madison), and northern Wyoming (Wind, BighornPowder-Tongue), which due to abundant precipitation this water year are currently forecasted to have above normal streamflows. Alternatively, western Montana, along the Idaho border (Big Hole, Bitterroot, Lower Clark Fork), is forecasted to have below normal streamflows, which is the result of the below normal precipitation that region has experienced this water year. “Keep in mind, snowpack conditions could change over the next couple months and therefore some uncertainty exists in the March 1 forecasts,” said Larson.

A full report of conditions on March 1 can be found in the monthly Water Supply Outlook Report available on the Montana Snow Survey website. In addition, real-time snow survey data can be found at nrcs.usda.gov/montana. Click on Montana Snow Survey Program. ##### It’s estimated that a common housefly can have as many as half a billion bacteria on its body. ##### It is believed that “canoe” was the first Native American word to be assimilated into English.

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page C19

(WI) Winner, SD 605-842-2040 (SU) Sundance, WY 307-283-2971 (PI) Pierre, SD 605-224-1631

(BL) Bloomfield, NE 402-373-4449 (PH) Philip, SD 605-859-2636 (HA) Hartington, NE 402-254-3908

(BF) Belle Fourche, SD 605-892-2621 (BE) Beresford, SD 605-763-5020 (WA) Wayne, NE 402-375-3325

BALERS AT 5.5% FOR 36 MONTHS* PLANTERS 2.99% FOR 60 MONTHS OR 1 YEAR WAIVER*

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2022 John Deere XUV 835R (PH), Stk #77110, 426 Hours, Available Spring 2023, Power Steering, Heat & A/C, Rear Bumper & Protection Package. ................................................................. $26,900

2021 John Deere XUV 835R (WA), Stk #79218, 530 Hours, Has Blinkers, High/Low Beam, Full HVAC, Wrap Around Guards................... $25,900

1,145 Hours, Primarily Used For Hauling Items Around Ranch & Going Down Highway To Check Cows........................................................ $23,900 2021 John Deere XUV 835R (PH), Stk #78369, 910 Hours, Tires 60%, Cloth Seats, HVAC, Protection Package & Electric Tilt Box...................... $23,900 2020 John Deere XUV 835M (PH), Stk #77812, 1,837 Hours, 1 Owner Unit, Passenger Seat Still Has Plastic On It, Very Nice Unit!............ $19,900 2019 John Deere XUV 835R (BE), Stk #79230, 159 Hours- 1,650 Miles, Like New, Plastic Still On Seats, HVAC, Turn Signals, Snorkel Air Intake, Beacon Light............................................ $30,900 2019 John Deere XUV 835M (PH), Stk #79227, 587 Hours, New Tires, Work Lights, Rear Fender Flares, Electric Tilt Box, Wiper Washer Kit........... ................................................................. $21,900 2018 John Deere XUV 835R (SU), Stk #78390, 593 Hours- 7,360 Miles, Loaded with HVAC, Power Dump Bed, Turn Signals, Horn & Mirror............... ................................................................. $21,900 2018 John Deere 865R (BE), Stk #78104, 1,037 Hours- 8,605 Miles, Alloy Wheels, Bighorn Tires, Radio, Enclosed Cab, Power Lift, Bedliner, Front Brush Guard............................................ $20,900 2015 John Deere XUV 825i (PH), Stk #78368, 1,982 Hours, Glass Doors, Full Protection Package, Heater, Radio, Will Be Serviced & Ready To Go!............................................................$11,750

Call for more info on any of these listed units, or to find out what else we have available!

South Dakota

Winner (605) 842-2040 Pierre (605) 224-1631 Philip (605) 859-2636 Belle Fourche (605) 892-2621 Beresford (605) 763-5020

Nebraska

Wayne (402) 375-3325 Bloomfield (402) 373-4449 Hartington (402) 254-3908

Wyoming

Sundance (307) 283-2971

2022 John Deere 612R (WI), Stk #76627, Approximately 500 Hours- Available This Spring, Call To Verify Timing, 15” Tips, 5 Year JDLink Connect, NO Receiver, 120-ft. Boom, Premium Comfort Package.................................................$550,000

2019 John Deere R4045 (WA), Stk #77087, 1,721 Hours, 20”, 120-ft.Booms, Washed After Every Use & Stored Inside, Hi-Flow Pump with Stainless Booms, 90% Treaded 380/105R50 Firestones & Michelin 620 Big Floats............$375,000

2022 John Deere 616R (PH), Stk #76623, 428 Hours, 20”, 132-ft.Carbon Fiber Booms, Signature Package, Exact Apply, Well Maintained, NO Receiver................................................$599,900

View all of our inventory & see more photos and details online at:

2019 John Deere R4045 (PI), Stk #76328, 1,900 Hours, 20”, 120-ft. Booms, Flotation & Row Crop Tires, Premium Cab, Premium Activations........... ...............................................................$324,900

WWW.GROSSENBURG.COM

*30% Down Payment Required Or Equivalent Trade Required.

Rates And Inventory May Adjust At Any Time. Offer Valid 4-1-23 thru 4-30-23. See Dealer For Exact Details.*

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page C20

SELL YOUR EQUIPMENT IN THIS SPACE!!!

Call 406-271-5533 FAX 406-271-5727 Mail to: Trader’s Dispatch, Box 997, Conrad, MT 59425

WE SELL

HILLSBORO

PICKUP FLATBEDS!

• HUGE SELECTION•

• Steel or Aluminum

C&B and Walton Dump Trailers

3000 Series Aluminum Beds SLT Steel Truck Beds

• Reduced Weight • No Paint Hassles • Fuel Savings

w/several additional options!

Aluma Aluminum Trailers

C&B and Walton Equipment Trailers

Mirage Cargo Trailers

Adams Raft Trailers

C&B and Adams Utility Trailers

Don’t Dally, Come to Valley Quality Products at Competitive Prices 5246 Jackrabbit Lane • Belgrade, MT 59714

406-388-5758

Monday thru Friday 9:00 am - 5:00 pm

www.valleytrailersales.net email: info@valleytrailersales.net

2014 Kenworth T800 $

99,500

Wide nose, ISX 500 hp newly in reamed, remanufactured head, 18 speed, 46,000 lb rears on Ag400 with double lockers, 3:73 ratio, 72” studio sleeper, VIP interior, 252” wheelbase, dual air cleaners, aluminum wheels, new steer tires, wide load camera monitoring system, Auxiliary Power unit, beautiful truck ready to work.

1991 Ore-West 15-ft. box, spring suspension, super singles, good tires and brakes, 28-ft. tongue, 6-ft. slide, 57” spread between axles $14,000

1970 Homemade two axle end dump pup trailer, new tires 11’L x 7’6”W box. $5000

Genetics may help jackrabbits survive climate change color mismatch

White-tailed jackrabbits can change their color with the seasons, growing snowy white fur in the winter and brown fur during the summer. But shorter winters brought on by rapid climate change can create color mismatch, making jackrabbits stand out like lightbulbs for predators on snowless landscapes.

Populations of jackrabbits can display brown, white, or intermediate-colored coats during the winter, depending on how snowy their environment is. Now an international team led by University of Montana scientists has discovered three genes that determine jackrabbit color variation from white to brown. The genes control the production of pigments – the same pigments that determine if hair is darker or lighter in people. Understanding how the color variation evolved allowed the researchers to predict that certain jackrabbit populations will be better able to adapt to future declines of snow cover.

Winter landscapes provide formidable challenges for many animals.

“A dark animal will be more easily noticed by predators on a white snowy landscape. For prey like hares and jackrabbits, the ability to remain camouflaged can be the difference between life and death,” said Mafalda Ferreira, a Portuguese scientist who led the study while a graduate student working at UM. Jeffrey Good, a UM professor of ecology and evolution who coordinated the study, said they applied the same cutting-edge technologies used to study human diseases to decode the genomes of jackrabbits with brown, white, or intermediate-colored winter coats. They then combined genetic results with climate projections to reveal that populations with higher variability in their color genes are better prepared to face the likely reductions in snow cover that will occur during the next century.

Scott Mills, a UM wildlife biology professor who was involved in the study, said this critical variation may help rescue white-tailed jackrabbits from population declines caused by climate change.

Nevertheless, the authors offer a cautionary note to this optimistic prediction. A final and striking result is that this adaptive capacity was found most often in populations threatened by habitat loss, diseases, and targeted extermination by humans. For the team, this highlights how maintaining connectivity between populations will be essential to ensure the conservation of this species and others in the long run.

“Although this might be good news for jackrabbits, our discoveries also serve as a cautionary tale for other animals facing the impact of climate change,” Good said. “When people think about wildlife conservation, what normally comes to mind is the protection of populations and habitats.

The jackrabbits and their coat colors show how the genetic diversity of a species is just as important, particularly in this rapidly changing natural world.”

The team’s work was published March 23 in Science Magazine in an article titled “The evolution of white-tailed jackrabbit camouflage in response to past and future seasonal climates.” The article is online at: https://www.eurekalert. org/press/scipak/

2006 Fontaine 48-ft. x 102” wide spread axle step deck trailer, steel aluminum combo...................................................................$22,500

1986 Freightliner

2013 Fontaine 51-ft. x 102” wide step deck trailer, steel aluminum combo with slideable axle, low profile 22.5 aluminum wheels, slideable winches and contained lockdowns. Ver nice trailer...... $29,500

CALL FOR DETAILS

400 Cummins, 13 speed, 12,000 lb. front, 40,000 lb. rears on Airliner suspension, aluminum wheels and cam guard, dual exhaust. Nice old truck.

406.549.1047 or 207.1945

8360 Hwy 10 West Missoula, MT

doublediamondtrucksales.com 406doublediamond@gmail.com

Cory Hawks of Galata and Jeff Habets of the Shelby/Conrad area took a few minutes to visit after Cory’s Regenerative Ag presentation at Montana’s Next Generation Conference. Cory shared his bale grazing experiences with Jeff and other practices he’s recently implemented. Photo by Kari Lewis.

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page C21

World Art Day When is World Art Day? This day is always observed on April 15 World Art Day is an international celebration of the fine arts. Sponsored by the International Association of Arts (IAA), the goals of this April 15 holiday, are to appreciate art in general and to spread worldwide enthusiasm and awareness for the arts. Those who choose this career usually begin as struggling artists. They may spend their entire life trying to perfect their work and gain recognition.

All too often, an artist’s work does not gain fame until after the artist’s death.

When we think of fine arts, we most often think of painting and sculpture. this is just the tip of the iceberg. There is so much more. Artwork is actually classified into seven categories. They are: Architecture, Cinema, Literature, Music, Painting, Sculpture, Theater.

There are many easy and enjoyable ways to celebrate and participate in World Art Day. Here are just a few ideas: First and foremost, as individuals or in groups, visit museums and art galleries.

Museums and art galleries – offer extended hours today.

Museums and art galleries – put on special demos and educational programs.

Get the kids involved. Teach them about the different forms of art. Provide them with a hands-on way to experience the creation of artwork.

Purchase a piece of artwork for your home or office.

Wherever you go, make a conscious effort to be on the lookout for artwork. You will be amazed at how many works of art are prominently displayed, yet you walk by them every day without noticing.

Help to support a “starving artist”.

History and Origin of World Art Day This special day was created in 2011, at the General Assembly of the International Association of Art in Guadalajara, Mexico. This special day was proposed by delegates from Turkey.

The date of April 15, was selected for World Art day, as this is the birthday of Leonardo DaVinci.

1/4”, 3/8” & 1/2” air hose 5/8” water hose All fittings available swivel & standard straight fittings.

Hose splicers available as well.

HAPPY EASTER

715.352.3599

234260 County Road H • Edgar, WI 54426

715.352.3599 406.531.1036 715.352.3599

234260 County Road H • Edgar, WI 54426

234260

Large selection of Batteries

Large selection of welding accessories & rod.

715.352.3599

And, we make BATTERY CABLES! 4 ga. up to 2/0

234260 County Road H • Edgar, WI 54426

Stop in and see us!

Good selection of hub, sprocket and pulleys for 40, 50, 60 chains and pulleys up to 16 inches.

Valves and Spray Fittings in Stock

We have what you need.

We have all your oil & chemical needs.

Grade 5 Bolts HUGE SELECTION!

1/4” - 1” diameter, up to 6” long.

We also carry fine thread, some metric and Grade 8 bolts.

NEW and IN STOCK

5.5 hp - 27 hp We also have pumps: 4 and 5.5 hp 1”-3” pumps.

132 and 152 gpm water pumps, 220 gpm chemical pump 3” pumps at 275 gpm

NEED A TARP STRAP OR BUNGEE CORD?

DOT truck inspections

TIBER TRACTOR CO. Phone 406-759-5188

715.352.3599

234260 County Road H • Edgar, WI 54426

Chester, Montana

IN STOCK NOW!

B o B c a t. c o m

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page C22

B o B c a t. c o m

low boy service

40-ton RGN trailer for hire to transport combines, tractors, sprayers, floaters, construction equipment, etc.

Within Montana & surrounding states.

We also have 48-ft. step deck trailers available.

Insured & experienced.

Call Roger at Roger Rader Inc., Sun River, MT 406-264-5475 or 406-799-5162 (Roger’s Cell) (MC# 170263 US DOT# 128029)

STOKES FENCING Conrad, Montana

Lance Stokes (406) 450-2149 Fencing Done Right B o B c a t. c o m B o B c a t. c o m

North Dakota’s National 4-H Congress delegates, pictured from left: (front) Alex Lahlum, Andrew Myrdal, (back) Amilia LIllehaugen, chaperone Becca Yarger, Marit Ellingson (NDSU photo)

National 4-H Congress delegates gain leadership skills

Attending the 2022 National 4-H Constate of North Dakota,” says Lahlum. “On gress in Atlanta, Georgia, was an experience top of having a fantastic time with everyone of a lifetime for four North Dakota deland meeting people at Congress, the seregates. The delegates were Marit Ellingson, vice project I did at the elementary school Amilia Lillehaugen and Andrew Myrdahl touched me, as I felt I made a difference in The right tools make you the one to call when there’s a challenging job from that needs Walsh County and Alex Lahlum from the lives of these children.” t tools make you the one to call when there’s a challenging job that you needs the one to call when there’s a challenging job that needs to be done. That’s what ®Bobcat ® equipment is for. The right tools makeLaMoure County.

Becca Yarger, North DaLillehaugen came back with ideas to ® equipment is for. ne. That’s what Bobcat The equipment Extension is for. be done.

That’s what Bobcat right tools make you the one to call when there’sto a challenging job that needs kota State University agent from share with her own 4-H program in North The toolsThat’s make what you the one to equipment call when there’s is for. a challenging job that needs to right be done.

Bobcat to be done. That’s what Bobcat equipment is for.

Dunn County served as chaperone.

Dakota.

Authorized Bobcat Dealer Authorized Bobcat Dealer Authorized Bobcat Dealer “My experience at National 4-H Con“I learned so much about the different Bobcat of Williston gress was unforgettable and helped develop opportunities that are available through Bobcat of4419 Williston FRONT ST W Bobcat of Williston Bobcat ofWILLISTON Williston , ND leadership skills I can apply at the county, 4-H and how it can help me grow,” says 4419 FRONT ST W 4419 FRONT ST W 4419 FRONT ST W 701-572-5050 WILLISTON , ND state and national levels,” says Ellingson.

Lillehaugen.

“More youth need to know WILLISTON , ND WILLISTON , ND 701-572-5050 of Williston 701-572-5050 “The workshops and speakers stressed the about these things.”

701-572-5050 of Williston http://goironhide.com of Williston Bobcat , the Bobcat logo and the colors of the Bobcat machine are registered importance of giving back to those around “This conference has made an incredible trademarks of Bobcat Company in the United States and various other countries. http://goironhide.com ©2021 Bobcat Company. All rights reserved. 14154816 http://goironhide.com you, being a positive figure in the lives of impact on my way of thinking, establishing others, and finding joy in difficult circumpersonal and work goals, facilitating comstances.” munity collaboration, and most of all to be The four North Dakota delegates joined motivated to overcome obstacles,” says more than 800 youth from across the U.S. Yarger, the group’s chaperone. in workshops that helped them improve The National 4-H Congress is one of their leadership skills. Congress delegates several national and statewide leadership heard from nationally and internationally development opportunities available to recognized speakers, took part in a serviceNorth Dakota youth through 4-H. learning projects and experienced local Applications to serve as a 2023 delegate culture through visits to locations such as are due to the NDSU Extension Center for the Martin Luther King, Jr. Center for Non4-H Youth Development by Aug. 1, 2023.

Violent Change and the Atlanta Zoo. For more information, contact Rachelle “During my time at National 4-H ConVettern, NDSU Extension leadership and www.centrol-llc.com gress, my perspective on the world changed volunteer development specialist, at 701considerably from what it’s like in the small 231-7541 or rachelle.vettern@ndsu.edu.

Contact Centrol for all your soil sampling needs for ®

®

Authorized Bobcat Dealer Authorized Bobcat Dealer

Bobcat of Williston Bobcat4419 of Williston FRONT ST W

Bobcat ®, the Bobcat logo and the colors of the Bobcat machine are registered ® trademarks Bobcat Company the United States machine and various countries.

Bobcat , the of Bobcat logo and the in colors of the Bobcat are other registered ©2021 Bobcat Company.

All rights 14154816 trademarks of Bobcat Company in the reserved.

United States and various other countries. ©2021 Bobcat Company. All rights reserved. 14154816

of Williston of Williston

4419 FRONT ST W , ND WILLISTON WILLISTON , ND 701-572-5050 701-572-5050

http://goironhide.com http://goironhide.com

®

the 2023 season!

Standard Analysis, Complete Analysis or NutriScan™ Analysis.

0-6 inch, 6-24 inch and 24-42 inch depths Composite or Variable Rate Sampling with prescription writing.

3 GPS guided trucks available.

Take the guesswork out of your fertility program with soil sampling from Centrol.

Independently owned serving the Golden Triangle since 1985.

Joel Farkell Jeff Farkell CCA CPAg/CCA 406-581-6243 406-788-4875 centrol_llc@outlook.com

Pigs in a Blanket Day When is Pigs in a Blanket Day? This holiday is always observed on April 24 This April 24 holiday is a day to eat a sausage wrapped in a pancake. Why? Because that’s what “Pig in a Blanket” is.

Somebody somewhere decided that this was a very special treat to them. So, they created a special day to celebrate this culinary delight. Aren’t you glad that they did?

How does one go about celebrating Pigs in a Blanket Day? Cook up some sausage. Make some pancakes. Wrap the sausage inside of the pancake. Add maple syrup. Then, chow down.

How to Celebrate Pigs in a Blanket Day Go to a restaurant that serves breakfast and order pigs in a blanket. We suggest you look at their online menu before you go to be sure they have it.

Make it at home.

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page C23

AG & STEEL SUPPLY 406.390.1110 Semi load

Hanging Bale Feeder

Hydraulic Calf Table

Save hay, save time, and save money with this Hanging Bale Feeder. The bale is suspended from 3/16" chain creating minimal waste.

These feeders feature a Hay Chix slow feeding hay net to provide long term health benefits for your horses.

With 12-volt hydraulic pump

ZEE PURLIN

BATTERIES

Stocking Heavy Equipment to 1/2-Ton Pickup Batteries

ZEE PURLIN is used as structural framework in buildings due to its lightweight and economical properties.

quantities of used 2-3/8, 2-7/8 & 3.5” pipe available.

Call for delivered prices!

CATTLE HANDLING & LIVESTOCK EQUIPMENT

Cattle Guards

Feedbunks 20-ft x 38-in x 12-in Maternity Pen (constructed with 10ga & heavy tube legs) other sizes & bottomless available

Constructed with all new material.

Cattle guard kits available

Portable Panel Trailer: $2,800

Free Standing Panels

Portable Panels All panels are constructed with 12 & 14ga 1.66” OD tubing 10-ft heavy portable panels, 12-ft standard portable panels (Will latch to Winkel panels)

Rubber Tire Water Tanks 13-ft

Portable Loading Chute Heavy-Duty Hay Feeders Designed to waste less hay

Portable Windbreaks

FENCING

GATES POSTS All gates are constructed with 2-7/8” x 6-ft 12 & 14 ga 1.66” OD tubing 2-7/8” x 8-ft 10-ft bow gates $360 2-7/8” x 10-ft 12-ft bow gates $417 Corral gates - 6-bar 5-in galvanized 8-ft $190 octagon 9’9” 10-ft $200 posts 12-ft $220 14-ft 240 Pipe posts can 16-ft $260 be cut to length.

Continuous Fence 6-rail 1-1/4” 14ga.

20-ft long 6-rail 1.66” 14 ga 20-ft long Pipe Caps in various sizes

POST DRIVERS

Montana Post Driver

750R: $6,800 1000E: $9,100 1500E: $11,500 10 FREE

Brace Rails with Purchase

T-Rex Post Driver

$1,575

HeavyDuty Cable 1-3/8” Skidsteer Plates: $178 Bale Spears: $85

They attach to 2-7/8 and bolt-on to most gates. No more welding in the field!

MISCELLANEOUS Buckhorn Centerflow Seed Boxes ESAB Wire Flux Core .045 $5.90/lb

New HDPE Pipe: 20” OD / 16” ID | 2” thick | 50-ft length

Steel Work Benches 6-ft $385

Gopher Bait & Mouse Poison + Bait Boxes

Knipex Tools!

5” Galvanized Octagon Tubing (39-ft lengths)

CALL US FOR ALL YOUR STEEL NEEDS!

STEEL

Pipe, Tubing (Round & Square) & Angle Iron Secondary Square Tubing Various sizes available

1.25” 14ga round tubing 1.66” 14ga round tubing April 2023 *Prices Subject to Change

ATTACHMENTS Pallet Forks

Bale spears

Box Scraper

Skidsteer Snow Buckets (Constructed with 3/16-in plate)

3-in x 4-in x 8-ft

Tow Ropes Various sizes up to 200,000-lb breaking strength

SuperSteel / Steel Decking 36”x24’ 22ga Prime galvanized Super Steel Use for windbreaks, corrals, etc.

UNIVERSAL BOLT-ON GATE HINGE

DUNNAGE

Used guardrail 2rail & 3-rail Plus, guardrail galvanized I-Beam Posts 9-ft

Bolt together fence brace | Brace rail with hardware $42 | Wire gate latches for 2-7/8 posts $23.00

NEW INVENTORY

Redi Driver Classic

Fork Mount: $2,750 Center Mount: $3,400 Side Mount: $4,200

Calf Shelters 8-ft x23-ft

A lot more steel...too much to list - Call us for details!

Hedman, Inc. | 62 Hedman Drive | Grass Range, MT 59032

BOLTS Grade 5 & Grade 8 | Metric bolt assortment with 72-hole bin $750 Diablo Metal & Wood Cutting Saw Blades 2”x27’ Ratchet Strap: $14 5/16” Grade 70 Transport Chain: 20’ @ $47 3/8” Grade 70 Transport Chain: 20’ @ $63 Lever Chain Binders 5/16-3/8”: $28.50 Ratchet Chain Binders 5/16-3/8”: $35

Used 2-3/8, 2-7/8 & 3.5” pipe Semi load quantities of used 2-3/8, 2-7/8 & 3.5” pipe available - Call for delivered prices!

Surplus Angle Iron 2x2x.120 & 2x3x.250 20-ft lengths 406.390.1110

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page C24

Has the Trader’s Dispatch helped you find what you were looking for? Please tell an advertiser!

Montana made...

AM

Rod Weeder

Choose the 1” or 11/4” round, self-turning rod.

• Fits all cultivators • Easy to pull, saves fuel • No drive required.

• We build special applications for air drive • U-joint adapter for rocky conditions • Optional rod weeder transport bracket mounts on cultivator frame.

Remove one pin and you can set the rod in the transport bracket.

When rod is needed you can install in about 5 minutes.

Dealers for the A M Rodweeder, Quick Attach Brackets and Transport Brackets.

MONTANA DEALERS

Ben Taylor Farm Store ....................................... Valier, 279-3365 Big Equipment.....................................................Havre, 265-9432 Churchill Equipment.................................. Manhattan, 282-7252 Frontline Ag Solutions.......................... Conrad, 1-877-278-5531 Frontline Ag Solutions.........................Choteau, 1-866-466-5741 Frontline Ag Solutions....................... Cut Bank, 1-800-273-5530 Gerbers of Montana Inc..............................Great Falls, 727-2203 Hoven Equipment Co...................................Great Falls, 727-7153 Joyce Fuel & Feeds........................... Geraldine, 1-800-479-4561 Musselshell Valley Equipment ......... Roundup, 1-888-423-2605

Taylor’s True Value Farm Store.............. Shelby, 1-888-220-5547 Tiber Tractor, Chester ......................................Chester, 759-5188 Torgerson, LLC................................ Lewistown, 1-800-677-8795 Torgerson, LLC.......................................Hysham, (406) 342-5571 Zerbe Bros........................................... Glasgow, 1-800-228-5393

WASHINGTON DEALERS

Ag Engineering........................... Kennewick, WA (509) 582-8900

A M Rod Weeders made by American Manufacturing Montana toll-free 1-800-345-2083 or 406-379-2676, Hogeland, MT We can be reached anytime. Call Frank at 406-390-2128

Recognizing power and control when planning your estate This article uses excerpts from: What is the role of power in your Ag Legacy? By Caleb Carter, consultant to the Department of Agricultural and Applied Economics in the University of Wyoming College of Agriculture and Natural Resources The older generations have spent their entire professional lives using the power and control that they accumulated through hard work and their long tenures. Having them retire and give up that control and power is difficult for some in those generations. Overall, it is challenging for them to give up control or power.

The younger generations need to be trained and incorporated into the operation in a planned and measured way.

If they are just on the business end of fencing pliers or the manure pitchfork, they are not as likely to hang around the operation like the boomers did 40 years ago. Getting that younger generation started with management and decision making is more important than ever. But it must be done to give the younger producers experiences to learn, but not enough to harm the overall success of operation.

There are four strategies that can help a family better share power and control.

• Respect me: Take family members seriously and treat each other fairly.

• Include me: Involve all family members in decision making that affects the family and the family business.

• Collaborate: Work together to solve problems and reach goals.

• Let me lead: Create opportunities for the next generation to take the lead on projects and act.

Learning in a controlled environment where mentoring can happen. Respect, inclusion, collaboration, and mentorship can all help a family come together under a unified vision, while allowing opportunities for new ideas and including the next generation.

Through discussions with family business owners and managers, they also identified five practices that contributed to these family’s success and longevity: • Keep the founder’s entrepreneurial spirit alive • Embrace a motivational style of leadership • Encourage the next generation to be proactive, innovative, and calculated risk-takers • Reinforce the emotional value of owning and managing the family business beyond financial wealth • Make business and family success equal priorities First, you are not alone. Anecdotal data from Ag Professionals in Nebraska indicates that less than ½ of ag producers have an up-to-date succession plan. Second, as Benjamin Franklin said, “If you fail to plan, you plan to fail.” When asked, most rural families acknowledge that they plan to pass their business on to the next generation. However, only 1/3 of all family businesses successfully transition management to the next generation, 70 percent do not survive to the second, and 90 percent do not survive to the third generation.

Despite the findings noted above, the Family Business Institute found that only 48 percent of family business owners and managers had a plan in place to transition the business to the next generation. Don’t let fear of giving up power be what holds you back from developing the most important plan of all. Start sharing power today with the goal of passing on values and life lessons, while preserving family relationships and the family business for the future.

“Regardless of our intent, succession to the next generation is not a given. They have many choices outside the family enterprise, and if they choose to succeed us, they will have to be as interested and passionate about the business as the four generations that have preceded them. More than ever, however, we must make sure that we let our successors write their own generational chapter if we want the family business legacy to survive.” George Vestey CEO, Vestey Holdings, United Kingdom, (STEP and KPMG, 2020)

Bouncing boy First appearing in a 1961 Action comic, Chuck Taine drank what he thought was a bottle of soda, but it was really a “super-plastic fluid” that gives him the ability to turn into a gigantic bouncing ball. He even gets to join the Legion of Superheroes (sidekicks of Superboy) along with other uniquely powered characters such as Matter-Eater Lad (his superpower: He can eat anything).

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page C25

Big Sky Equipment Co. Phone 406-278-3277 Toll-free 1-800-332-7541 Conrad, Montana

Sales Kurt Christiaens 450-3277 cell

Service Corey Combs, 781-7678 cell

website: www.bigskyequip.com

USED AIR DRILLS

USED TRACTOR

2010 Case IH Farmall 95 with cab and loader, MFD, synchro shuttle transmission, weight package........... ....................................................................... $45,000

MISCELLANEOUS EQUIPMENT

Stock Photo

2004 Morris Maxim II, 55-ft., 10” spacing, 3.5” steel packers, single shoot, 7300 towbetween tank, mechanical drive cart........................................ $29,900 2001 Flexi-Coil 5000 57-ft., 12” spacing, 3.5 inch steel packers, single shoot, 3450 tow between tank, variable rate............................................................... $42,500

IN STOCK

Your Local DEALER

2022 Highline Bale Processors

—————

USED SPRAYERS

—————

2021 New Holland SP310F 120-ft. monoboom, 1200 gallon stainless tank, InterlliView 4 monitor, adjustable treat width, premium lighting, AutoBoom height control, guidance................................. Just traded 2014 New Holland SP.240F front boom self-propelled, 1200 gallon poly tank, 100-ft. booms, IntelliView IV monitor, fence row nozzles, UltraGlide boom level, luxury cab, low hours.............................. $182,500

2019 Apache AS1240 self-propelled sprayer, 100-ft. steel booms, 1200 gallon poly tank, Viper 4 monitor, Smartax, AccuBoom, XRT AutoBoon, 3” side fill.... ................................................................ $249,900 2007 Apache 1010 self-propelled sprayer, 1000 gallon poly tank, 60/90 foot steel boom, autorate, auto boom...........................PRICE REDUCED $69,900

2012 MacDon FD70 35-ft. flex draper, CNH adapter, slow speed transport...................................$45,000

2010 MacDon D60 45-ft. draper header with pickup reel, transport..............................................$49,900 Case IH 1015 pickup header..............................$2995

————

USED HEADERS

Degelman 4100 bale processor................... $10,995 Erskine 2010X 78” snow blower skid steer attachment, CNH and Bobcat electric harness, hydraulic spout turn/tilt................................................ $6500

LET’S DEAL

2017 New Holland H7150 swing tongue frame 2018 New Holland H7150 swing tongue frame

USED COMBINES

2022 New Holland CR8.90 combine, full automation, duals, variable speed rock drum, full guidance, electric folding hopper, Sunnybrook concaves............... ..................................................................... Just In New Holland TR96, straw chopper, hopper top extensions, moisture sensor, 30-ft. New Holland 971 header with pickup reel, New Holland 970 pickup header, and Rake-Up attachment...............$12,500 1995 Case IH 2188 combine with MacDon 960 36-ft header and 1010 15-ft pickup header.........$19,995 2006 John Deere 9760 STS combine....REDUCED $10,000 to...................................................$39,900 1993 Massey Ferguson 8570, includes 30-ft. auger header, 13-ft. pickup header............ Make an Offer

————

Give us a call or stop in for more information

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page C26

PICKUP FOR SALE 1997 Dodge Cummins 12 valve, 5 speed, $ 350,000 miles. Good shape.................................

Phone (406) 369-1683

9500

1998 Freightliner FL70 4x4 lube service truck, 126K miles, 26K GVW, Reman 275 hp 3126 Cat diesel, MD3060 Allison AT, AC, PS, AB, cruise, 14-ft. enclosed body, 4 product tanks, hydraulic compressor, workbench, air greaser, 6 hose reels, 90% brakes, runs and drive great...................$39,500 2006 Carson 14K equipment trailer, 82” wide x 20-ft. deck, tandem 7K axles with bearing buddies, new ST235/85r16 tires and spare, ramps, 12K electric winch and storage...........................$6000 1999 Freightliner FL112 15 yd. dump, 370 hp M11, 8II, Jake, AC, PS, Dbl. frame, 16K front, 40K rears on Hendrickson spring, 50% 22.5 tires, pintle, air gate..............$31,500 1995 Ford F800 Compressor Truck 89K Miles, 5.9 Cummins, 5 spd. manual, AC, PS, PB, 24K gvw, hyd. reel handler, 375 cm JD diesel compressor, new 245/19.5 tires...............$16,500 1997 Ford F800 Water Truck Reman 210 hp 5.9 Cummins, 6 spd., AB, AC, PS, 26K gvw, 2000 gallon tank, PTO pump, front, side and rear spray, 75% 22.5’s on aluminum wheels...... ....................................$29,500 1997 Gradall 534c-10 Telehandler 4x4, 40’ lift height, 4BT Cummins, 7100 hrs, outriggers, 10K capacity, 60% 14.00x24 tires, runs and works great....... ....................................$41,500 1980 International Service Truck 210 hp DT466, 5&2 spd., AB, PS, IMT 425AT knuckle boom with remote, hydraulic outriggers, 13 hp Curtis 25CFM compressor, 70% 11r22.5 tires, 12-ft. service body.......$19,500 1998 Skytrak 8042 Telehandler 8,000 lb capacity, 42-ft lift height, 4bt Cummins, 4x4, 3 way steering, 60% 13.00x24 tires, 48” forks, runs and works great, 3900 hrs............$39,500 1998 Caterpillar TH103 Telehandler 10,000 lb capacity, 44-ft lift height, outriggers, 4x4, 3 way steering, 48” forks, 75% 14.00x24 tires, 9100 hrs, runs and works excellent.....$43,500 2005 Ford F650 Service Truck 210 hp C7 Cat, 6 spd. manual, AC, PS, PB, 26K GVW, Autocrane 8006H, 8000# capacity, remote, hydraulic outriggers, 12’ service body, under CDL, 50% 22.5 tires.............$23,500

A group of farmers, consultants, researchers, and USDA-Natural Resources Conservation Service employees collaborate on an activity to first find the soil type and then its appropriate standard at the Nebraska Soil Health School.

Promoting soil health in Nebraska

By Nicole Heldt, Research Project Coordinator, UNL Panhandle Research, Extension, and Education Center; Bijesh Maharjan, Associate Professor and Soil and Nutrient Management Extension Specialist, UNL Panhandle Research, Extension, and Education Center fundamental soil health physics, chemistry, Well over 60 area farmers, ranchers, and biology. agronomists, and agency representatives After a brisket lunch, Hird addressed filled Bridgeport’s Prairie Winds Comthe group by focusing on regenerating soil munity Center to learn about soil health at structure and the soil ecosystem. the first installment of three Nebraska Soil “It’s simple — supporting biological Health School events taking place this year. activity to build soil structure expands soil “Soil health is defined as the continued function and boosts soil productivity,” he capacity of the soil to function as a vital livsaid. “Ninety percent of soil functions are ing ecosystem that sustains plants, animals, influenced by the organisms living there, and humans,” Aaron Hird, USDA- Natural which are impacted by management.”

Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) Hird and colleague, Elizabeth Gray, State Soil Health Specialist, said.

Assistant Soil Health Specialist, USDAOn March 2, the University of NebraskaNRCS, gave demonstrations using monoLincoln (UNL) hosted the Nebraska Soil liths and soils to compare aggregate staHealth School, sponsored by the USDA bility and much more between no-till and NRCS. Nebraska Soil Health School lead conventional management practices. Gray coordinator, Bijesh Maharjan, associate also lead the group through hands-on activiprofessor and extension specialist, UNL, ties to identify soil color with the Munsell welcomed the audience and introduced color chart. the keynote speaker, Dr. Jerry Hatfield, In the afternoon, the group heard from retired director of the USDA Agricultural UNL extension educators, researchers, Research Service (ARS) National Laboraand specialists on soil health management tory for Agriculture and the Environment. practices — no-till, manure, cover crops, Hatfield began the program by addressing and livestock integration. soil health impacts on water, nutrients, and Presenters and industry representatives farm profitability. interacted throughout the day to answer “We should continue to evaluate and questions and spark discussion around soil implement practices that increase the value health in the Panhandle. of our soils and create resilience in our crop“The (school was) very informative and ping systems,” he said. “Opportunity exists exceeded my expectations,” a farmer said. for agriculture to meet the demands of the “It helped to create a story for tangible benfuture through our ability to be innovators efits. The water evaporation and soil holding and revolutionaries.” examples were some of the best I’ve seen.”

The focus of the Soil Health Schools is to The second Nebraska Soil Health School offer soil health education while connecting will be a two-day event at the West Central farmers, consultants, educators, researchResearch, Extension, and Education Center ers, and NRCS employees. The attendees in North Platte on June 27-28. An agenda heard from Aaron Daigh, associate profesand registration announcement will be comsor UNL, Michael Kaiser, assistant profesing soon. sor UNL, and Carolina Córdova, assistant professor and extension specialist UNL on

2001 Chevrolet C6500 210 hp 3126 Cat diesel, 6 spd manual AC, PS, PB, 95K miles, 90% 245/75-19.5 tires, 15-ft. flatbed, PTO hydraulic winch, 26K GVW....................$19,500

J&T Equipment Sales, Stevensville, MT

406-381-3159 – www.jandtequipmentsales.com

Leslie Johnson (standing, right), Extension Educator, University of Nebraska-Lincoln (UNL), addresses a group on the role of manure in soil health at the Nebraska Soil Health School on March 2. Johnson with the help of Paul Jasa (standing, left), Extension Engineer, UNL, demonstrates different soil structures as they break apart in jars of water.

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page C27

Dr. Jerry Hatfield (right), retired director of the USDA Agricultural Research Service National Laboratory for Agriculture and the Environment, discusses soil health practices with a Nebraska Soil Health School participant. The school is a collaborative effort between the University of Nebraska-Lincoln and the USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service designed to educate and connect people across the state on the latest soil health topics.

ESTATE SALE SERVICES Downsizing?

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of Western Montana, near Big Timber.

Sandy Rose-McDonald - Collecting & Appraising for 55 years.

We specialize in handling Mom &/or Mom’s things with care!

Text (907) 419-8801 for appointment or show us items for sale.

We Buy, Sell, and Rent Equipment, Trucks, and Trailers Call us: 406-546-1743 Simms, MT

www.northstarequipment.biz John Myers 406-546-1743

2013 Western Star 4900 DD15 560 hp, 18 speed, lift axle, 745,000 miles..................$62,500

2001 Western Star Cat 6NZ, 18 speed, 46,000 lb rears, wet kit...... ........................................$35,000

2003 Sterling water truck, Cat 3126, automatic, 20,000 fronts, 46,000 rears, 4000 gallon tank.

1989 White/GMC water truck, Cummins, automatic 4000 gallon tank, spraybars, hose reel............ ........................................$25,000

2008 Terex 636 telehandler.......... ........................................$37,500

2014 Cat TL1255 telehandler, 12,000 lb. capacity, 55-ft. reach, enclosed cab................................ .................. Buy or Rent $89,500 2001 Ingersoll-Rand SD122 84” padfoot roller, enclosed cab.......... ........................................$45,000

2007 Peterbilt 355 water truck, 4500 gallon tank, spray bars.

2015 Kenworth T800W Cummins ISX 600 hp, 18 speed, 2 speed auxiliary, 20,000 lb. front axle, tri drive, full lockers, double frame, wet kit........ Call For Price

1996 Hypac 84” smooth drum roller.................................$30,000 2014 John Deere 7290R MFWD tractor, 7300 hours, 290 hp........... ......................................$129,500

2005 Peterbilt 379, Cat C15, 18 speed, 20,000 lb lift axle, wet kit, 276” wheelbase, 48” flat top sleeper...........................$105,000

1992 Kenworth T800 water truck, 4000 gallon tank, front and rear spray bars................$32,500

2016 Ford F-350 Lariat, crew cab, 6.7L diesel, heated and cooled seats, 5th wheel, aftermarket wheels and tires, deleted, 107,000 miles. Previous salvage title...................................$39,500

2005 Liddell 55-ton, hydraulic neck, 24-ft. well................$55,000

2010 Kobelco SK140 excavator, zero tail swing, aux. hyd., 4800 hours, extensive work orders........ ........................................$50,000

2008 John Deere 310SJ backhoe, 4x4, cab, extend-a-hoe, 2200 hours.................. Coming in

2016 Komatsu D61PX-24 dozer, 6 way blade, wired for grade control, New hydrostatic transmission................................$140,000

2005 JLG 600S 60-ft. manlift, 3400 hours.......................$30,000

CHECK OUR WEBSITE FOR MORE INFO

2004 John Deere 160C LC excavator, 10,000 hours, hydraulic thumb...............................$49,500

2015 Cat 140M3 AWD grader, rippers, pushblock, 17.5 rubber.... ......................................$199,500 2014 Case 1021F XR loader, 8000 hours.......................$99,500

2014 New Holland 340S 3x4 baler, Intelliview 3 monitor, folding roller chute, 25,000 bales....... ........................................$52,500

2005 Komatsu WA380-5 loader.. ........................................$45,000

1979 Cat 988B loader.....$29,500

1993 Case 7140 MFWD tractor, 240 hp, 18R42 duals, 2 remotes, 8950 hours.......................$52,500

1979 Cat 627B twin engine scraper.............................$39,500

2021 Aspen 65 ton hydraulic lowboy, 26-ft. well, self shimming booster..............................................................................................$285,000

2001 Knight 65 ton stretch lowboy, 25-38-ft., additional 6-ft. deck section available.............................................................................$117,000 2016 McCloskey 36”x80-ft. radial gravel stacker, electric drive, scales...................... Rental Unit!

Fordson Major diesel, 35 hp tractor.................................$4500

25-ft. x 102” bale bed..........$2500

Scoopmobile, bale spears, forks, 4000 lb lift capacity, towable, gas engine. Works good!........... $6000

1995 Manac 54-ft., 3 axle step deck, beavertail and ramps.......... ........................................$21,500 Delta S3 24-ft. carted harrows.

FOR RENT

2014 Transcraft 48-ft. flatbed, sliding tandems................$19,500

(4) Grader Snow wings (Cat & JD)..................... Call For Pricing

2005 Komatsu WA200 PT wheel loader, hydraulic coupler, 3rd valve, 17,000 hours. Runs and works great......................$45,000

2012 Trailking 55-ton lowboy, 26-ft. well, self contained, lift axle, fenders...............................................................................................$75,000

Also have Kubota 95 hp tractor available.

2001 Transcraft 48-ft. dropdeck.. ........................................$20,000

2012 Cat 349E excavator, progressive link hydraulic thumb, pin grabber quick coupler, 13-ft. stick, 9900 hours............. Call for Price

2021 Sany U35 mini excavator, cab, multiple buckets, hydraulic thumb............................ Rent Me!

Call for pricing and availability

Mack manure truck for Rent!

Call for prices

(3) Dozer winches, CAT D8T and D6T.................... Call For Pricing

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page C28

SELL YOUR EQUIPMENT IN THIS SPACE!!!

Call 406-271-5533 FAX 406-271-5727 Mail to: Trader’s Dispatch, Box 997, Conrad, MT 59425

Sales Service Parts

$7500

$50,000

2016 Ford F450 XLT Crew Cab 4x4 12-ft. Knapheide Bed with Rolling Doors, 118,000 Miles, 6.7L Diesel, Herd Aluminum Bumper Replacement, Good Tires, Well Maintained, Excellent Condition

1996 Ford F350 Service Truck 2WD, 141,634 miles

$19,900

$55,900

2023 Neville Grain Trailer 42-ft. electric tarp, electric trap, steel ag hopper

1992 Freightliner FLD120 60 Series Detroit, 9 speed, adjustable 5th wheel, aluminum wheels, new transmission

See all our inventory at www.foxfordwolfpoint.com

406-653-1350 • Wolf Point, Montana

Call Mike Noel or Dylan Ryder for more information

Used Pipe

2 7/8”...............$64/joint

Used Sucker Rod Sale /4’’ x 25’..............$7.50/Stick 7 /8” x 25’..................$9.25/Stick 1” x 25’....................$11.20/Stick 3

Prices FOB Glendive, MT Selling good quality used pipe and steel at competitive prices.

Call to inquire about other sizes in stock.

Delivery available

Phone - 406-480-2979

Feeding Ionophores in mineral supplements

By Lindsay Waechter-Mead, DVM, Nebraska Extension Beef Educator and Travis Mulliniks, UNL Beef Cattle Nutritionist, Range Production Systems Ionophores have been safely utilized in the beef industry for a long time. If fed according to the recommended rates, ionophores are considered safe and effective. Ionophores are feed additives used in cattle diets to increase feed efficiency and body weight gain. In addition, ionophores can decrease the incidence of bloat and coccidiosis. Ionophores can be fed to cattle in several different supplemental packages from liquid feeds, cakes, pellets, and loose minerals. The classification of the animal (ie., lactating cow vs stocker) can dictate how ionophores get delivered according to the label. Ionophores approved for use in cattle include monensin (Rumensin®), lasalocid (Bovatec®) and laidlomycin propionate (Cattlyst®).

They are compounds that alter rumen fermentation and fermentation end products. Ionophores function by negatively altering the metabolism of gram-positive bacteria in the rumen. These affected gram-positive bacteria are those that decrease efficient rumen digestive physiology and the energy supplied from the ruminal digestion of feedstuffs.

By controlling certain microbes in the rumen, less waste products or methane are generated, and ruminal protein breakdown is decreased. The shift in ruminal bacteria population allows beneficial bacteria to be more efficient through an increase in the amount of propionate and a decrease in the production of acetate. Overall, ionophores can increase the energy status and use feed resources more efficiently.

From a performance standpoint, grazing trials using steers and heifers have shown that formulated intakes of 155 mg/ day of monensin result in an improvement in average daily gain of 0.18 lb per day or a 13.5% increase compared to cattle receiving no monensin. Increasing monensin intake up to 200 mg/day, cattle gained an additional 0.20 lb per day or a 16% improvement compared to cattle without monensin.

Although all ionophores can be toxic, this article will focus on monensin, due to the amount of information available and use in the cattle industry since the mid-1970s.

Proper management, avoidance of overdosing, and reading label recommendations will help prevent the occurrence of adverse effects associated with ionophores. Always follow the label instructions when feeding medicated minerals or feeds as overfeeding or incorrectly feeding ionophores can lead to toxicities.

One consistent mistake made by many producers is offering a medicated mixing mineral to their cattle free-choice and not properly managing intakes. For managing mineral costs, mineral consumption of the herd needs to be monitored. Rumensin, for instance, reduces palatability of the mineral supplement which can result in decreased overall mineral intake. Salt is a key driver of mineral intake. If overconsumption is an issue, adding more salt to the mineral can help regulate intake.

The normal safe range of monensin used in stocker calves for increased body weight gain and prevention of coccidiosis is 50 to 200 mg/head/day. Lethal dose of monensin that would cause death of 1% of animals (LD1) is estimated to be 2.5 mg/lb of body weight. Acute oral LD50 or median lethal dose for monensin is 12 mg/lb of body weight. For a 700 lb stocker calf, daily intakes of 1,700 to 8,400 mg/day would result in 1 to 50% of exposed animals to die. Although it may seem difficult to achieve intakes that are 8.5 to 42 times greater than the safe range, it can be an easy mistake at the time of mixing due to the small amount of monensin used in a ton of feed. Drug interactions, such as macrolide antibiotics and sulfonamides, potentiates toxicosis.

The clinical signs of monensin toxicity can be difficult to assess and will vary based on exposure. The first symptoms affect the digestive system, with anorexia occurring approximately twelve hours post ingestion, followed by diarrhea. Death loss begins three days after exposure, with some animals having no clinical symptoms prior to death.

Peak death loss occurs between five to 10 days. Heart and skeletal muscle damage may also occur, which presents as weakness, incoordination, difficulty breathing, and nasal discharge.

Diagnosing monensin toxicity requires a review of the entire system – feeding and mixing history, feed intake, clinical signs of sick and healthy calves, and necropsy samples. Diagnosis is challenging due to when symptoms occur and the similarities to different disease processes.

Because death isn’t observed until day three post-ingestion, CONTINUED ON PAGE C29

Feeding Ionophores in mineral supplements CONTINUED FROM PAGE C28

sampling rations for ionophore levels is unrewarding. The current ration may not be diagnostic if exposure occurred following a one-time mistake in mixing. Rumen contents are unreliable because the animal is often anorexic and monensin may not be detected. Samples of cardiac and skeletal muscle may also be evaluated for damage during necropsy.

There is no treatment for monensin toxicity other than supportive care. Long term prognosis to affected animals is guarded due to heart muscle damage, weakness, and poor feed efficiency.

Overall, incorporating ionophores into supplement strategies has a positive response on increasing growing cattle performance. Livestock producers should consider using ionophores to increase calf gain and gain efficiency in a cost-effective manner. Feeding ionophore in beef cattle diets is a safe, cost-effective strategy; however, properly feeding these compounds is crucial.

HURRY FOR BEST AUTO SALES SELECTION!

3456 10th Ave S 3314 10th Ave S

406-453-0112 406-761-4090 www.PetesGreatFalls.com

2010 DODGE DAKOTA EXT. CAB, BIGHORN, 4X4, 79K MILES SALE $16,900 was: $17,995

2017 FORD FOCUS SE, 62K MILES

was: $16,995

SALE $15,900

2020 CHEVROLET TRAVERSE AWD, 77K MILES was: $35,995

SAVE $34,900

SAVE $10,995

2021 SUBARU IMPREZA, AWD, 89K MILES

was: $21,995

SAVE $20,900

2019 HYUNDAI ELANTRA, 59K MILES

was: $20,995

SAVE $19,900

2020 FORD EDGE SE, AWD, 55K MILES

2018 CHEVROLET TRAX LS AWD, 50K MILES

2012 FORD F350 FLATBED, 4X4 DUALLY, 117K MILES

2020 FORD ECOSPORT TITANIUM, 4WD, was: $31,995 16K MILES SAVE $30,900

was: $30,995

was: $32,995

SAVE $29,900

SAVE $31,995

2018 FORD T150 CARGO VAN 87K MILES, was: $32,995 RARE FINDSAVE $31,900

2018 RAM 2500 SLT, CREW 4WD, 6.4L

was: $42,995

SAVE $41,900

2018 CHEVROLET TAHOE LS, 4X4, 65K MILES

was: $40,995

SAVE $39,900

2018 CHEVROLET TAHOE LS, 66K MILES

was: $38,995

SAVE $37,900

was: $19,995

SAVE $18,900

2019 DODGE GRAND CARAVAN

was: $16,995

SAVE $15,900

2018 CHEVROLET 1500 SILVERADO 89K MILES

was: $37,995

SAVE $36,900

2020 CHEVROLET 1500 SILVERADO LTZ, CREW 4WD SAVE $47,900 was: $48,995

2019 CHEVROLET 1500 SILVERADO CREW 4X4 SAVE $28,995

was: $29,995

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page C29

Say you saw it in the Trader’s Dispatch

Dean Brandt Phil Gates (406) 899-4763 (406) 750-3071 office: (406) 268-9614 email: mtmtlfab@gmail.com

MAKE AN OFFER!!!

FLEXI-COIL 5000 FOR SALE 2320 cart, 57-feet, 12-in. spacing, single shoot, steel capped packers, Stealth 3/4” points. GOOD older drill.

Fairchild Farms, (406) 390-0654

SAVINGS

2007 GMC YUKON DENALI, 4WD, 6.2, 8 CYL.

was: $11,995

##### Q: How do you make antifreeze?

A: You steal her pajamas. ##### How did the student feel when he learned about electricity? Totally shocked. ##### What’s black and white and goes round and round?

A penguin in the washing machine.

2019 FORD TRANSIT XL VAN, 66K MILES, was: $29,995 MUST SEE! SAVE $28,900

OVER 220 VEHICL ES IN STOCK!

SAVE $31,900

2016 BMW X1 AWD, 31K MILES

2016 DODGE RAM 2500 CREW, LB, 78K MILES

2019 GMC ACADIA SLE, AWD, GREAT SHAPE

2019 CHEVROLET C3500 EXPRESS 15 PASSENGER VAN

was: $26,995

was: $26,995

SAVE $25,995

SALE $25,500

2020 KIA SORENTO S MODEL, AWD, 28K MILES

was: $35,995

SAVE $34,900

2017 JEEP WRANGLER SAHARA 63K MILES

was: $31,995

SAVE $30,500

2020 NISSAN ROGUE SV AWD, 53K MILES

was: $26,995

SAVE $25,995

2017 DODGE RAM 2500 CREW, LB, 4X4, CUMMINS, 77K MILES

was: $43,995

SAVE $42,900

2014 JEEP WRANGLER RUBICON, 51K MILES was: $32,995

SALE $30,900

2016 JEEP RENEGADE TRAILHAWK, 59K MILES

was: $26,995

SAVE $25,995

was: $32,995

was: $36,995

SAVE $26,900

2017 FORD FIESTA SE, 18K MILES

was: $19,995

2018 CHEVROLET TAHOE LS, POWER SEATS

was: $32,995

2019 FORD TAURUS, 60K MILES

was: $27,995

SAVE $31,900

SALE $35,900

SAVE $18,995

2016 CHRYSLER 200 LIMITED, 19K ACTUAL MILES was: $22,995

SAVE $21,900

2020 SUBARU ASCENT PREMIUM

was: $30,995

SAVE $29,900

2016 FORD F250 SUPER DUTY 4X4

was: $30,995

SAVE $29,900

2019 DODGE GRAND CARAVAN, 55K MILES

2016 CHRYSLER 200 LIMITED 30K MILES

2019 FORD F250 SUPER DUTY CREW, LB 4X4, 80K MILES

2020 CHEVROLET MALIBU LS MPG - 29 CITY, 36 HWY

was: $27,995

was: $43,995

SAVE $26,900

SAVE $42,500

2017 FORD F150 SUPER CREW XLT 4X4

was: $29,995

SAVE $28,900

2020 KIA OPTIMA LX, 58K MILES

was: $21,995

SAVE $20,900

was: $20,995

was: $22,995

SAVE $21,900

2017 FORD F150 CREW, 4X4, 65K MILES,

was: $35,995 NICE SHAPE!SAVE $34,995

2019 NISSAN FRONTIER CREW CAB 2WD,

was: $28,995 40K MILESSAVE $27,900

2020 CHRYSLER PACIFICA LIMITED, 63K MILES

was: $39,995

2017 FORD F250, EXT CAB, LB, 4X4, 56K MILESSAVE $38,900

was: $31,995

1984 CHEVROLET CORVETTE, 69K MILES, NICE! SAVE $9,900

was: $23,995

was: $12,995

SAVE $19,900

SAVE $30,995

2019 FORD EDGE SEL, AWD, 87K MILES

SAVE $22,995

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page C30

We’d appreciate it if you tell an advertiser you read his ad in the Trader’s Dispatch.

Henke ~ Chester, MT HENKE ENTERPRISES INC. Dougcell (406) 799-2616

WE ARE NOW SELLING BIGDOG MOWERS!!!

IN STOCK

40-ft. to 48-ft. header trailers Available

eDrive Coming for John Deere & Case Sprayers!!

MANY USED SPRAYERS FOR SALE, MORE COMING!!!!!

$49,900 AND UP!!!!

Website - trucksprayers.com BUILDING ~ COMING IN

Henke Enterprises Inc. offers* Complete Spray Truck assembly * Truck Frame work * Hydraulic work * Welding of steel, aluminum, stainless steel * Machining - lathe work (18”x80”) and milling * Custom built wheels for floaters & etc. - Powder Coated * Crane truck work 50-ft. of height * Electronic testing and repairs * Over 20 years experience with Marflex-SprayFlex sprayers * All sprayers tested on our irrigated and dryland farm

MARFLEX SPRAYER PARTS AVAILABLE

2013 Sprayflex sprayer, 120-ft. boom, 1300 gallon tank, 2004 International 4300 truck, floater tires ........................................$59,900 2012 International 7400 with 120-ft. sprayer ... ................................................................ Call 2009 John Deere 4930 **EDRIVE sprayer new electric drive conversion 120-ft. booms ......... ........................................................$169,900

Contact your authorized dealer

Henke Enterprises Inc., Doug Henke, Chester, MT

• 406-759-5877 or cell 406-799-2616

email: grain@ttc-cmc.net

If you make a pdf to make smaller like October 2016 be sure to make High Quality pdf

EARLY SPRING SPECIALS MONTANA SUPER BRACE

Single Super Brace .................................. $99.00 Double .............................. $169.00

BARBWIRE Red Brand 2 pt................. In Stock Now! Commercial 2 pt ......................... $79.00 Montana Brand Class 1, 2 pt....... $89.00 Texas Premium 2 pt...................... 92.00

TRUCKLOAD PRICING

Call for truckload pricing on full semis of T-Posts

T-POSTS Special Buy T-Posts

5 ½’ Nucor 1.33 ...................$4.95 6’ Nucor 1.33 .......................$5.29 5 ½’ Heavy Duty 1.33...........$4.50 Coming Soon  6’ Heavy Duty 1.33...............$4.75

[

DRILL STEM 2 7/8” Drill Stem Joint ....$90.00 2 3/8” Drill Stem Joint ....$74.00 Prices for Stock On Hand through 5.7.23

BOZEMAN BILLINGS GREAT FALLS KALISPELL (406) 924-4802 (406) 259-6511 (406) 727-3661 (406) 755-7650 NOW SER VING White Sulphur Springs

WWW.MONTANAFENCE.COM

www.MissouriRiverRealty.com email: missouririverrealty@yahoo.com

Malta 406-654-2273 • Glasgow 406-228-2273

9889 Bowdoin Rd • 12 miles from Malta Ranching acres: 400+/- total deeded acres 246+/- hay-able acres, 152+/- grazing acres completely fenced, 28 x 44 shop, Irrigation and domestic well. Easement in place call for details

$495,000

Fairfield Bench Irrigated Farm (357 +\-acres)

D ***

*** SOL

6 miles West of Malta

153+/- total deeded acres, 149+/- flood irrigation elevated road around majority of property fenced, hi-way 363 access

$269,000

We have very qualified buyers for Smaller Irrigated Places and/or Larger Ranches.

Give us a call TODAY and let us get your property SOLD!

Call Jim Knudsen • Cell: (406) 390-3671

Low forecast for wheat midge continues into 2023

Soil samples from North Dakota counties indicate low levels of overwintering wheat midge larvae (cocoons) for the 2023 season, says Janet Knodel, North Dakota State University Extension entomologist.

A total of 2,040 soil cores were collected from 22 counties in the fall of 2022 to estimate the statewide risk for wheat midge for the 2023 spring wheat growing season. The risk for wheat midge is based on unparasitized cocoons found in the soil samples.

“The majority of the soil samples had zero wheat midge cocoons in the soil for the past three years,” Knodel says.

“The percentage was 97.5% with no midge cocoons in 2023, 95% in 2022 and 86% in 2021. This is the record low since the wheat midge larval survey for overwintering cocoons started in 1995.”

Only about 2.5% of soil samples were positive for wheat midge cocoons, with density ranging from 36 to 143 cocoons per square meter. This is a low risk for wheat midge infestation, which is classified as one to 200 midge cocoons per square meter.

“Low risk areas were scattered in eight counties throughout the state, including the northwest area (Burke County), north-central area (Benson, McHenry and Rolette Counties), and the west-central area (McLean County),” Knodel says.

“No soil samples had moderate or high cocoon densities of wheat midge (201 to over 800 midge larvae per square meter),” Knodel says.

Knodel adds, “This dramatic decrease in wheat midge populations since 2019 is probably due to drought in 2020 through 2022. Drought can cause wheat midge to overwinter for two years instead of the typical emergence during the following season. Larvae also are susceptible to dryness and require rain to emerge from the soil in late June through mid-July, and to drop out of the mature wheat heads and dig into the soil to overwinter as cocoons. In some locations, wheat midge larvae remained in the wheat heads during harvest due to the dry environment and ended up in the harvest trucks instead of the soil. Comparing precipitation from May through August with wheat midge cocoon densities for each surveyed county over the past 12 years shows a strong positive correlation between precipitation and wheat midge populations.”

Another reason wheat midge infestation risk is so low could be due to the late spring wheat planting in 2022 due to the cool, wet conditions in early May. Late planting dates reduce the risk of infestation due to the wheat heading after peak emergence of wheat midge.

With the very low populations of wheat midge for the third year in a row, night scouting for adult midges in spring wheat fields is not pressing, unless the field is continuous wheat and/or favorable moist weather in late June to early July occurs during emergence. These two factors can cause rapid increases in the numbers of emerging adult wheat midges, especially in areas that did receive adequate precipitation last year.

Knodel recommends that producers still use the wheat midge degree-day model to predict the emergence of wheat midge and to determine when to scout, and if their wheat crop is at risk.

Producers can access the wheat midge degree-day model on the North Dakota Agricultural Weather Network (NDAWN) website at https://ndawn.ndsu.nodak.edu/wheatgrowing-degree-days.html.

Select your nearest NDAWN station and enter your spring wheat planting date. The output indicates the expected growth stage of the wheat and whether the crop is susceptible to midge infestation, as well as the timing and percent of wheat midge emerged.

If wheat midge is detected, the economic thresholds for wheat midge are one or more midge observed for every four or five heads on hard red spring wheat, or one or more midge observed for every seven or eight heads on durum wheat.

Knodel says, “This forecast is favorable for growers since the risk for yield loss and reduced grain quality from wheat midge is low. Unfortunately, the bad news is that the beneficial parasitic wasp that attacks and kills wheat midge can’t survive without its host. No parasitized cocoons were found in 2022 and 2021. This is the second time that no parasitic wasps were observed.

“Parasitic wasps play an important role in natural control of wheat midge and parasitize the eggs or larvae,” she adds.

“In contrast, the parasitism rate was 15% in 2020, 36% in 2019 and 9% in 2018.”

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 – Page C31

• BUY • SELL • RENT

Billings, Montana Big Timber, Montana

Greg 406-690-2754 Jim 406-690-0737 For Help With All Your Equipment Needs!

2017 Cat 302.7 excavator

open ROPS, 2400 hours............................................$33,000

2019 Cat 305E2 CR

2016 Bobcat E35 Mini Excavator

Cab, AC, hydraulic thumb. Hard to find with only 1560 hours.... .................................................................................. $53,000

1998 Loral Easy-Rider 2554 Floater Truck

heat, A/C, angle back fil blade, 2140 hours. Ready to work........ ...................................................................................$65,000

5561 hours. Truck is in good condition and work ready.$19,000

2016 Cat 299D2 skid steer

heat, A/C, QA, 2968 hours, fresh service. Ready to work........... ...................................................................................$63,000

PSI M413XT Loader/grader

Nice machine, new tires, 1523 hours.........................$52,900

2018 General MTL6S

light tower generator, good tires, 1600 hours. Works as it should.............................................................................$8000

2004 Cat 615C II scraper

2018 Cat 420F2 Backhoe

1782 hours, auxiliary hydraulics front & rear..............$89,000

A/C, excellent machine, contractor owned, read to work........... ................................................................................$135,000

2004 Dresser TD 25

Hours 602, New hour meter put in when motor and undercarriage where done. It had 6000 hours on old meter. Very good machine, ready to work........................................... $165,000

Vermeer LM-35 Trencher

Walk beside, runs as it should........................................$3500

2013 Genie telehandler

Open ROPS, 3670 hours. Very nice machine............$68,500

The Place to Go for Attachments!

Forks off Komatsu WA380

JRB attachment................... $6500 Give Us a Call about our LINE OF SKIDSTEER ATTACHMENTS

Sweeper Broom

78 inch................................. $3500

Case 4-in-one

bucket, 78 inch.................... $3500

www.affordableconstructionequipment.com

Snow Blower

3 point, PTO drive.............$15,000

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page C32

MONTANA BRAND FOR SALE Cattle - left rib Horses - right thigh Irons included

Phone (406) 289-0352

LOADER FOR SALE

2005 Case 621d loader, 3rd valve, 4400 hours, new rubber, ride control. Nice tight, clean tractor............. $65,000

Phone (406) 253-1001

GLASS TRUCKING, INC.

Grain, Liquid, Hay & Livestock Hauling • In business since 1960 • Visit us at www.glasstrucking.com

Denton, MT 406-567-2232 800-325-8859

Winners of Montana Ag in Color drawing contest The Montana Farm Bureau Federation has announced the winners of the Montana Youth Agriculture Literacy program drawing contest. “Montana Ag in Color” was developed in recognition of National Ag Week, March 21-27, as a creative competition for elementary school children. Each grade was given a different agricultural theme ranging from “Grains of Montana” and “Cattle in Agriculture” to noxious weeds, farm safety and ag-related careers.

One winner was selected from each grade with judges selecting one drawing from the winners to receive the “Farm Bureau Proud” designation.

Kindergarten – Greyson Zimdars, Saco School, Phillips County First Grade – Abraham Waldner, Zenith Elementary, Glacier County Second Grade – Khloe Brown, Hillcrest Elementary, Wheatland County Third Grade – Garnet Gibbs, Gibbs Home School, Dawson County Fourth Grade – Hennessey Williamson, Malta Elementary, Phillips County Fifth Grade – Seterah Pekovitch, Malta Elementary, Phillips County Sixth Grade – Lyndie Wickens, Winifred School, Fergus County

Seterah Pekovitch, received the Farm Bureau Proud award.

Entries were judged by the Montana Farm Bureau Women’s Leadership Committee on agricultural content, originality, neatness and reproducibility.

“The Women’s Leadership Committee (WLC) had the honor of judging the Montana Ag in Color drawing contest during our WLC training seminar in February.

The contest welcomes kindergarten through sixth grade students from across the state,” said MFB WLC Chair Carla Lawrence.

“Our committee enjoys judging this contest, although it is a difficult task to choose the winners from such a talented group of artists. We hope the students had a great time and were able to learn about agriculture and the farmers and ranchers who produce food and fiber in Montana and across the nation.”

Winners will be treated to a pizza party in their local classrooms and receive a prize package from Montana Farm Bureau during Ag Week. Winning entries will be printed and distributed on usable items and educational materials. They will be posted on the Montana Farm Bureau website and Facebook page.

Manufactured & Modular Homes

Available NOW! Commodore Limited One

Available NOW! Genesis ADU560

Stained Wood Trim Triple Pane Windows Garden Tub Ceramic Tile Shower Soft Close Doors LP Smart Lap Siding

 560 sq. ft  1 Bedroom  1 Bathroom  Metal Roof  R-50 & R-21 Insulation  All Appliances  Tile Shower  “Galley Style” Farm Sink  Tile Floor Throughout  Soft Close Doors & Drawers  50 Year Smart Lap Siding

1,440 sq. ft 3 Bedrooms 2 Bathrooms 8.5 ft Ceilings Plank Flooring 42” Cabinets

Visit our Website: www.newhomesofthefuture.com 406-538-9426 Lewistown 406-248-1100 Billings

7239 S. Frontage Rd Billings MT 406-248-1100 Kindergarten – Greyson Zimdars, Saco School, Phillips County

WELDING/FABRICATION:

30+ years of welding and fabrication experience.

Welding and fab work done at Flying Shit House Ranch, Augusta, MT, main shop.

Experience includes: • Building Flatbeds and Stock Trailers • Grizzly Gravel/Rock Sorters • General farm/ranch repairs • Hand railing and stairs • Building and fitting bumpers and grill guards • Decorative steel furniture Contact GARY PREDMORE, at (406) 868-1751

First Grade – Abraham Waldner, Zenith Elementary, Glacier County

##### Cowboy: Someone who can replace a uterine prolapse in a range cow in a three-section pasture with nothing but a horse and a rope.

– Baxter Black

##### An investment in knowledge pays the best interest. ##### Let us make our future now and let us make you dreams tomorrow’s reality

CONTINUED ON PAGE C34

##### When the first consistent phone service was established in 1878, Alexander Graham Bell suggested answering the phone with “ahoy.”

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page C33

See these units & more info at www.precisiontruckandtrailersales.com

Specializing In Pre-ELog and Pre-EGR Trucks!

2027 Hwy 2 NW • Havre, MT 59501 (406) 265-4563 • Mark Reinmuth 406-262-3842

$110,000

1997 Peterbilt 379 EXHD

3406E, 550 hp, 18 speed, double bunk, Pre ELOG, Out of Frame overhaul, NEW: cylinder head; turbo charger; radiator; clutch, paint; wheels & tires; stacks; fuel tanks

$75,000

1998 Kenworth W900L

3406E, 550 hp, New cylinder head, Inframe overhaul, 550 hp, 18 speed, push axle, Pre ELOG, Studio sleeper

$38,000

$15,000 2006 Freightliner Columbia Detroit Series 60 14L, 455 hp 10 speed, Super Clean!

2018 Paccar Motor

Complete, ECM included. No issues.

389,983 miles on motor

$89,900

$49,900

1995 Kenworth W900B

3406E, 550 hp, 18 speed, receent engine work, New cylinder head, 40” flat top, push axle, Pre ELOG

Quality Used Trucks & Trailers - 888-453-4563

2013 Hino 338

Automatic, 493,000 miles, 24-ft. bed with winch, recent engine work

$44,000

We are your Dealer for

It’s the 21st Century - Time To Go Electric!

2019 Forest River

$13,000 Ingersoll-Rand 375 Air Compressor

26-ft. bumper pull, 2 slides, All Season Package, floor heat, fireplace, island in kitchen, sleeps 6.

Only used 5 times!

• Worm gear creates an instant, positive lock • Rotating and telescoping motor mount, no mid joint to fail

$15,000

• Low profile design allows for better clearance Rear Options:

1985 Jet 21-ft. Pup Grain Trailer

New major overhaul

TRAILERS FOR SALE $8500

Header Trailer

$4200

$16,000

1995 Load King 40-ft. Ag Hopper

Power tarps, power traps, spring suspension.

• Three point, high clearance design mounts on original equipment.

• Delivers the ideal torque to open and close the hopper.

• Proven chain drive built to last with corrosion resistant metal housing.

2 Available

1998 Silver Eagle Converter Dolly

$35,000

2015 Kaufman Equipment Trailer

CALL 51-ft. long, top deck 12-ft., triple axle, spring ride

$15,000 2000 Western 48-ft. Flatbed

Spring suspension, steel wheels, 11 strap winches

FRONT DOOR DELIVERY AVAILABLE

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page C34

The deadline for advertising for the May 2023 issue of the Trader's Dispatch will be April 26th.

Winners of Montana Ag in Color drawing contest CONTINUED FROM PAGE C32

NEW HDPE PIPE – IN STOCK –

1” – 11/4” – 11/2” – 2” – 3” & 4” x 200 psi

Use for irrigation, stock water or drinking water.

Red stripe for electrical use.

Yellow stripe for natural gas use.

Also available 3/4” to 2” SIDR TURF/IRRIGATION HDPE pipe 3/4” - 4” orange smooth wall HDPE conduit HDPE pipe available in 20 to 50-ft. lengths from 6” to 66” diameter Pipe is available by the stick - coil - reel - truckload Call Ed at Big Sky Pipe – Great Falls, MT Delivery available 406-453-7299 Veteran Owned

or Email: ed.bigskypipe64@hotmail.com – www.bigskypipeandsupply.com

actionfarmtoys.com 406-651-8199 2274 SE Shiloh Rd. Billings MT 59106 9am-5pm Mon.-Sat.

1/64 Farmall 100th Anniversary Tractor Set

Second Grade – Khloe Brown, Hillcrest Elementary, Wheatland County

All stamped with "100th Anniversary" on hood, die-cast metal with rubber tires. Includes Farmall F-20 with plastic "steel" wheels, Farmall M, Farmall 100, Farmall 560, Farmall 806 and Farmall 1466. Made

by Ertl, 1.75"L $ to 3"L, for ages 14 & up.

Stock #44301

54.95

Austin Western grader, 471 Detroit, four wheel steer..$3500

1976 Jeep CJ5, 350 Chevrolet engine, very nice......... $19,500 Call, email or text: neil.marjerrison@gmail.com 406-544-2940, Missoula, MT

Third Grade – Garnet Gibbs, Gibbs Home School, Dawson County

International older dump truck, gas engine with a really stout hydraulic snowplow........$2000

NOW HIRING A FULL-TIME LAND SPECIALIST! Western North Dakota, Eastern Montana & NW South Dakota

Call Dwight Hofland at 701.630.4359 to Inquire About an Interview or Email Your Resume to dhofland@pifers.com www.pifers.com

877.700.4099

Fourth Grade – Hennessey Williamson, Malta Elementary, Phillips County

##### Why are elevator jokes so good?

They work on many levels! ##### Why did an old man fall in a well?

Because he couldn’t see that well!

##### Where do polar bears keep their money?

In a snow bank! ##### Knock, knock.

Who’s there?

Scold.

Scold who?

Scold outside, let me in!

CONTINUED ON PAGE C38

##### Knock, knock.

Who’s there?

A little old lady.

A little old lady who?

Hey, I didn’t know you could yodel! ##### Why was 6 afraid of 7?

Because 7, 8, 9!

##### Like a cloud in the sky, that’s me today, Lord. Not paying attention to what’s going on, just floating along.

I ate some fresh fruit salad... and then remembered I’m allergic to citrus fruits. Please keep my allergic reaction from being too severe.

##### Today I’m going to do things in the right order: say my prayers, get out of bed, get dressed, eat breakfast... ummm...say my prayers, get out of bed, get dressed, eat breakfast...say my prayers, get out of bed, get dressed, eat breakfast...I give up, Lord. What comes next?

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page C35

AIR DRILL FOR SALE John Deere 1835 61-ft. drill, midrow band, 2010 tow between 1910 406 cart, packers are recapped, field ready.

For more information phone (406) 344-2175 or 406-879-0826

*Rebates & Financing Incentives may be available.

Restrictions may apply.

*Dealer’s Doc Fee of $195 is not included in price listed. See store for more details and questions.

REHBEIN PRICE $51,020*

2022 F150 Lariat 4X4 3.5L EcoBoost

REHBEIN PRICE $62,811*

2022 F150 STX 4X4 3.5L EcoBoost REHBEIN PRICE $50,054*

2022 Ford Bronco Outer Banks 4x4 2.3L EcoBoost 1,700 miles $58,995

2011 Jeep Wrangler Unlimited 3.8L V6 97,300 miles $26,995

2015 Jeep Wrangler Unlimited 3.6L V6 133,038 miles $24,995

2018 Jeep Wrangler Unlimited 3.6L V6 54,801 miles $31,595

2020 Ford Ranger Lariat 2.3L EcoBoost 21,777 miles $39,995

2021 Ford F150 Lariat 4X4 3.5L EcoBoost 26,578 miles $52,995

2021 Ford F150 XLT 4X4 3.5L EcoBoost 20,717 miles $42,995

2020 Ford F150 Lariat 4X4 5.0L V8 Engine 100,005 miles $31,995

2023 Bronco Black Diamond 2.7L EcoBoost

Pre-Owned Vehicles

2013 and newer, under 140,000 miles are covered by the Ford Royal Shield Limited Warranty for the first 12 months or 12,000 miles at no cost to you. See store for more details.

2022 Toyota Camry LE AWD 2.5L I4 Engine 9,825 miles $27,995

Financing and Delivery options are available.

Contact us for more information.

2016 Ford Transit Cargo T150 3.5L V6 Engine 121,166 miles $19,995

2008 Ford F650 4X2 6.7L Cummins Diesel 166,915 miles $24,995

2019 Ford F250 XLT 4X4 6.2L V8 Engine 141,758 miles $29,995

2019 Ford F250 XL 4X4 6.2L V8 Engine 109,778 miles $30,995

2017 Ford F250 XL 4X4 6.2L V8 138,204 miles $26,995

2012 Ford F250 XL 4X4 6.2L V8 Engine 143,658 miles $17,995

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page C36

Advertising Deadline for the May 2023 issue of the Trader's Dispatch will be April 26th. Call (406) 271-5533 to place your ad.

RETIREMENT SALE

2005 Freightliner Century tandem axle truck, 450 hp Mercedes engine, Smartshift autoshift transmission, air tag, pintle and 20ft. ITB aluminum grain box, remote hoist and endgate, feedlot radiator. Runs great, nearly new tires $ ........................................ obo

60,000

Call (406) 590-1595 for more information, located at Valier, Montana

www.doanewestern.com Office: 170 Dana Lane, Belgrade, MT 59714

Serving the Trucking Industry Since 1959

Quality Built Quality Sold

3631 38th Street SW Fargo, ND 58106 701-282-3790 • 800-246-3790

Visit us at: www.johnsentrailer.com

2014 CBI 32x96x84 silage end dump trailer, air ride with hydraulic end dump. Located in Bismarck.... Call

We are now the dealer for Thunder Creek Fuel trailers

1 Available

BISMARCK LOCATION:

2019 Wilson 41x96x72, air ride, ag hoppers. Pewter metallic. 1 Available.

2012 Ranco belly dump, air ride with rear axle lift.

2017 Wilson 53x102x78, tri axle with 3rd hopper, electric tarp and traps, rear axle lifts. 2 Available.

2016 Wilson 41x96x66, ag hoppers, air ride.

2013 Wilson 36x102x78, ag hoppers, pintle hitch on rear 2007 Wilson 48x102 flat bed, spread axle.

By Chabella Guzman, communications specialist In the past 45 years, Rex Nielsen has been part of important research projects at the UNL Panhandle Research, Extension, and Education Center (PREEC) in Scottsbluff.

The center’s involvement in agriculture appealed to him when he applied at PREEC in 1978 after his brother Kim had worked at the center. “(I’ve) always been involved in agriculture, and this place, had a pretty good background,” he said.

Nielsen, a research technologist, has worked with many research scientists. He was among those who worked with soil scientists Charlie Fenster and Frank Anderson in the infancy of no-till research. To reduce soil erosion and retain water or moisture in the ground.

“We were on the ground floor of developing no-till drills.

We were the first to do that here,” Nielsen said.

The drills progressed and were noticed by implement manufacturer John Deere. The company worked with PREEC on developing its own drills.

“I think it’s fair to say, now, it’s all over the country (notill practices) and enhances soil properties,” Nielsen said.

In the last few years, Nielsen has worked with Bijesh Maharjan, PREEC soil and nutrient management specialist, on the Western Sugar project using biochar as a soil additive.

Biochar or high carbon char is a soil amendment that can increase soil carbon concentration.

Nielsen said since the results came out, the biochar at Western Sugar has been hauled away in truckloads.

Nielsen will continue in agriculture with his brother Kim, as they still own the family ranch near Redington, Neb. One of his last research projects concerned their ranch and controlling cheatgrass. He worked with Mitch Stephenson, PREEC range and forage management specialist. Cheatgrass is not new to the panhandle but is a challenge for the native plant communities.

“Rex has helped us to develop work to evaluate a new herbicide option on larger pastures on his property,” said Stephenson. “Rex provided valuable insight on other options to continue evaluating this product.”

Nielsen agrees that the herbicide performed well on his pastures, and the Envoy product looks promising.

For all years he has spent in fields, writing grants and meeting producers. Neilson said he enjoyed the research but would miss the people he’s known and worked with the most.

His last day at the UNL Panhandle Research, Extension, and Education Center was Friday, March 31.

Spring planting alfalfa

Johnsen Trailer Sales, Inc. 2100 Industrial Drive Bismarck, ND 58502 701-255-0480 • 800-472-2649

Research technologist played part in research history

2019 Wilson livestock, 53-ft., 10.5-ft. in nose, 15.5-ft. in rear, 27-ft. belly, 13-ft 7-inch (9 more in rear clearance), tri-axle air ride, 64” axle spacing.

View our website for more photos and information.

www.johnsentrailer.com

By Todd Whitney, UNL Alfalfa can be successfully seeded in the spring or fall depending on field weed populations, moisture conditions, and timing. Based on higher snowfall, our 2023 spring may be a very successful time to establish new alfalfa stands.

Although it may be tempting to drill or broadcast more seeds into open spaces in thin alfalfa fields; remember that live alfalfa roots emit an ethylene chemical toxin which impedes new alfalfa growth. This ‘autotoxicity’ weakens or kills any new alfalfa plants and accumulates in soil over time. Therefore, it is better to drill into new fields; than seed where previous older alfalfa plants have been grown within the past 1 to 2 years.

Once established, alfalfa as a perennial can complete well with weeds. If herbicide resistant weeds are currently growing on fields, then light tillage may be needed to control weeds while creating a firm drilling seedbed. Also, combination light tillage plus herbicide may provide improved seedling establishment. Since new alfalfa seedlings are very susceptible to herbicide injury, carefully follow any chemical label restrictions. Usually, new alfalfa plants must reach two to four trifoliated leaf development before herbicides are applied; noting that 2,4-D usage is not recommended.

Glyphosate-tolerant or Round-up Ready varieties provide more flexibility for controlling weeds currently growing in fields. Initial glyphosate application should occur between alfalfa emergence and 4th trifoliate leaf growth stages to remove non-glyphosate tolerant alfalfa seedlings and control weeds that are present.

Target seeding ¼ to ½ inch depth in the fine-textured soils and ¾ inch depth in sandy soils. Seedlings placed too shallow will dry out rapidly and die due to poor roots. While seeds planted more than 1 inch deep may be unable to emerge after germinating. Further establishment guidelines are outlined in the UNL “Seeding Alfalfa” NebGuide G2247.

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page C37

406-727-7153

4181 North Park Trail - Great Falls, MT (G)

406-538-3919

77335 US HWY 87 - Lewistown, MT (L)

www.hovenequipment.com

WEEDit

Great Falls Sales:

Andy – 590-0372; Lance – 788-8012; James – 868-2570; Hunter – 868-8312; Adam – 403-5987

Lewistown Sales: Anna – 231-4251

Call us for all your used equipment needs!

USED TRACTORS

New Holland T7.210 stk# 22264..................... ................................. COMING IN SOON (L)

USED CONSTRUCTION

Bobcat S205 skid steer. stk# 22962........... (G)

Bobcat T750 skid steer. stk# 26506............ (L) New Holland L228 skid steer. stk# 21279..(G)

USED MISCELLANEOUS

Wheatheart High & Heavy postdriver. stk# 30419...................................................... (G) Wheatheart Heavy Hitter pounder. stk# 30515...................................................... (G) Morris 1400 Hay Hiker. stk# 21195............ (G) Canola Roller 34371 adapter 9-ft. with Freeform Plastics MT2000 roller. stk# 28550......... (G) Woods GBC48 box blade. stk# 26754....... (G) Land Pride RCR1860 cutter. stk# 29730.... (G)

USED COMBINES

Case 2188 stk# 29206................................ (G) Case 1660 with header. stk# 13168............ (G) New Holland TR98 with headers. stk# 19692.. ................................................................ (G) Massey Ferguson 8570 with 30-ft. header. stk# 9896........................................................ (G)

USED SPRAYERS

New Holland SF115 sprayer. stk# 28655... (G)

Miller 3275 HT 120-ft. front boom, 1000 gallon, 4WD, Raven Smart Trax, supported by New Holland. stk# 24819. ................ $38,000 (G)

USED HEADER

MacDon FD75D 45-ft. header. stk# 29023..(L) MacDon 962 stk# 27101............................. (G) Gleaner 24-ft. header. stk# 10119............... (G)

USED BALE PROCESSORS

New Holland TM150 tractor. stk# 29559.....(G) Massey Ferguson GC1725TLB tractor. stk# 27315...................................................... (G) Case IH Puma 165 tractor. stk# 30255........(L) Kubota BX2380 compact tractor. stk# 30042.. ................................................................ (G) Versatile 800 stk# 25280............................ (G) Ford TW35 stk# 28433................................(L)

Agco 8610 stk# 30061................................ (G)

New Holland L180 skid steer. stk#30442.... (L) Quick Attach Sledge Pounder skid steer mount. stk# 29228................................... (G)

USED SWATHERS

Tool Cat 5600 stk# 21420........................... (G) Toro Workman UTV stk# 18207................. (G) Haybuster 2800 square and round. stk# 30239...................................................... (G) Haybuster 256+II stk# 30261..................... (G) Haybuster 256+II round only. stk# 30279.... (L) Vermeer BPX9010R processor. stk# 29561.(L) Vermeer BPX8000 round only. stk# 11189..(L) Vermeer BP8000 round only. stk# 11240.... (L) Highline 7000 round only. stk# 29332......... (L) Toro TX525 Dingo with stand-on platform. stk# 28506...................................................... (G) Toro 22319 Dingo stk# 30114.................... (G)

USED AUGERS

Case 8840 with 14-ft. header. stk# 28848......... .................................................. $24,900 (G) New Holland H8040 swather. stk# 30437........ .................................................. $23,500 (G) New Holland 1118 with 14-ft. header. stk# 27582...................................................... (G) Buhler MKX 13x84 auger. stk# 29296.............. .................................................... $6995 (G)

May-Bridge Pasture Harrows Formally (Aerway) Harrows

Check us out on our Website at www.hovenequipment.com

New Holland RB560 net/twine. stk# 28314.(L) New Holland BR780 net/twine. stk# 27848...... ................................................................. (L) New Holland 688 net/twine. stk# 30181...... (L) New Holland 664 net/twine. stk# 30105. ... (G) New Holland 660 net/twine. stk# 27027........... ..................................................... $2900 (G) Vermeer 605XL net/twine. stk# 20674.............. ..................................................... $4900 (G) Vermeer 605L twine only. stk# 21490......... (G) John Deere 566 net/twine. stk# 29080............. ..................................................... $6900 (G) Hesston 956A twine only. stk# 9821..$6900 (G) Hesston 856A stk# 22105............... $4900 (G) Gehl RB1870 stk# 28492................. $2495 (G)

USED TILLAGE

2009 Bobcat 325G compact excavator, 2800 hours. stk# 15179.................................... (G) Blec Blecavator BV130 stk# 30276........... (G)

Massey Ferguson WR9760 swather. stk# 17659...................................................... (G)

Spra Coupe 7650 full run Raven monitor, mechanical rear drive, front hydraulic assist, 90-ft. boom, hydraulic extend axle. stk# 9067.......................................... $49,900 (G) Versatile SX275 sprayer. stk# 12327.......... (G)

USED ROUND BALERS

USED AIR DRILL

Concord ATD-4012 air drill. stk# 30184..... (G)

Haybuster 256 stk# 29172.............. $2495 (G) Haybuster BB256 left-hand discharge. stk# 29173........................................... $2495 (G) Haybuster 2640 round only, left-hand discharge. stk# 30185............................................... (G)

• 5/8” diameter high carbon steel • 50 lbs./ft.

• 6-ft. deep mat • 45° & 15° angle teeth • Width (bar included)

Melroe 501 plow with 40-ft. harrow. stk# 25282...................................................... (G) Gysler 39-ft. plow. stk# 25477......... $6900 (G) Gysler 46-ft. plow with roller harrow. stk# 28579....................................................... (L)

USED RAKE

H&S BF 12HC 12-wheel rake. stk# 26868... (L) Vermeer R23A rake. stk# 30544.................. (L)

Check our Facebook page for our newest trade ins!

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page C38

AGRICULTURAL EQUIPMENT FOR SALE

2-Westgo 1310 grain augers, 65-ft. hydraulic swing augers, 1 left, 1 right side. PLUS 3 8” shorter augers.

Case IH 2042 36-ft. rebuilt draper header.

Winners of Montana Ag in Color drawing contest CONTINUED FROM PAGE C34

Phone (406) 278-3068, Conrad, Montana

Solar Water Solar Water Solar Water Montana Montana Montana Solar Water Montana

Fifth Grade – Seterah Pekovitch, Malta Elementary, Phillips County

(406)-534-9699

(406)-534-9699

Sixth Grade – Lyndie Wickens, Winifred School, Fergus County

WANT TO BUY:

New Holland bale wagons.

Model 1032, 1033, 1036, or 1037.

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April, 2023 will be ...

Straw Hat Month Straw hats have always had something of a pastoral air to them, from the conical straw hat commonly seen in rice fields to the wide-brimmed straw hats worn by ‘hayseed farmers’ in America, straw hats say agriculture.

What is largely unknown to many is how far back the history of the straw hat stretches. While some things may only get a single day of celebration dedicated to them, so important is the straw hat that it has an entire month dedicated to it!

History of Straw Hat Month Straw Hats have appeared in cultures the world over, and have been made from just about every conceivable form of straw or grass as a result. Some of the most common are wheat straw hats, most commonly found in the Italian Peninsula, rush straws, palm leaves, and of course rice straw and bamboo that are used in Asian Conical hats. It may seem a bit early to consider wearing a straw hat, especially since most people associate them with warm summer wear, but they

really can be appropriate for much of the year, especially in milder climates.

The unique properties of the straw hat make it a great piece of attire no matter what weather you face. Is it hot and sunny out?

The woven straw hat will let heat escape while protecting your head from the pounding rays of a mid-day sun. Is it raining? A properly woven straw hat will let the rain roll right off your head and away from your face and clothes, helping you to stay dry.

They may not be great when dealing with truly cold weather like snow, but wrapping a cloth around your head under the straw hat will help trap heat while keeping the snow or cold winter rain off your head. Modern straw hats are sometimes made with plastic strips, laminated grasses, or woven paper, but for our money, we think that traditional straw hats are the only appropriate wear for Straw Hat Month. Sometimes the old ways are the best ways.

How to Celebrate Straw Hat Month Well, it all starts with your choice of attire now, doesn’t it? Straw Hat Month is a great opportunity to trot out your straw hat collection and share them with the world.

What’s that? Don’t you have a straw hat collection? Then this is a great excuse to start to build one!

Baby kangaroo fecal microbes could reduce methane from cows

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page C39

Say you saw it in the Trader’s Dispatch

By Tina Hilding, Voiland College of Engineering and Architecture acetic acid-producing, instead of methaneBaby kangaroo feces might help provide producing, bacteria in their foregut. Her stuan unlikely solution to the environmental dents tracked down some kangaroos, took problem of cow-produced methane. A misamples and learned that the specialized crobial culture developed from the kangaroo acetic acid-producing process only occurred feces inhibited methane production in a cow in baby kangaroos – not in adults. Unable stomach simulator in a Washington State to separate out specific bacteria that might University study. be producing the acetic acid, the researchers After researchers added the baby kangaused a stable mixed culture developed from roo culture and a known methane inhibitor the feces of the baby kangaroo. to the simulated stomach, it produced acetic After initially reducing the methaneacid instead of methane. Unlike methane, producing bacteria in their reactor with which cattle discard as flatulence, acetic I believe the Krogmann BaleBed is the most outstanda specialized chemical, the acetic acid acid has benefits for cows as it aids muscle ing bed on the market. I like bacteria were able to replace the methanegrowth. The researchers published their the features this bed has over the competition.” producing microbes for several months work in the journal Biocatalysis and Agri- Roger Miller, Booker, TX with a similar growth rate as the methanecultural Biotechnology.

Side toolboxes producing microbes.

“Methane emissions from cows are a 30” Lx17” H While the researchers have tested their major contributor to greenhouse gases, x 12” D standard size system in the simulated rumen, they hope and at the same time, people like to eat red of 12 ga. steel with stainless to try it on real cows sometime in the future. meat,” said Birgitte Ahring, corresponding steel hinges “It is a very good culture.

I have no doubt author on the paper and a professor in with and latch.

Custom built Across the bed toolbox it is promising,” Ahring said. “It could be the Bioproducts, Sciences and Engineering shorter or longer beds. 70”Lx1O”H x 20’W - complete Standard Equip: with stainless steel hinges, really interesting to see if that culture could Laboratory at the WSU Tri-Cities campus. arm extensions, gn tray and gas shock. run for an extended period of time, so we & receiver hitches, “We have to find a way to mitigate this side rails, lights, would only have to inhibit the methane problem.” trailer plug & pioneer Lift, Haul and dump with the Krogmann Carry-All quick connects. production from time to time. Then, it could Reducing the burps and farts of methactually be a practice.” ane emissions from cattle is no laughing 1-877-745-3783 • www.krogmannmfg.com matter. Methane is the second largest greenhouse gas contributor and is about 30 times more potent at heating up the atmosphere than carbon dioxide. More than half of the methane released to the atmosphere is thought to come from the agricultural sector, and ruminant animals, such as cattle and goats, are the most significant contributors.

Furthermore, the process of producing methane requires as much as 10% of the animal’s energy.

Researchers have tried changing cows’ diets as well as giving them chemical inhibitors to stop methane production, but the methane-producing bacteria soon become resistant to the chemicals. They also have tried to develop vaccines, but a cow’s microbiome depends on where it’s eating, and there are far too many varieties of the methane-producing bacteria worldwide. The interventions can also negatively affect the animals’ biological processes.

The WSU researchers SeedStart™ with MicroFuze™ Technology study fermentation and anaerobic processes and had is proven in the field to drive faster emergence, powerful roots, previously designed an arand stronger stands in cold, wet Montana soils. tificial rumen, the largest stomach compartment found in ruminant animals, to simulate cow digestion. With many enzymes that are able to break down natural materials, rumens have “amazing abilities,” said Ahring, who is also a professor in the Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering and in Biological System Engineering.

Looking to investigate how to outcompete the methane-producing bacteria in their reactor, Ahring learned that kangaroos have

, , 422 656 00

pounds of seed treated

AND COUNTING.

ACCESSIBLE.

PROVEN.

LOADED.

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2023 — Page C40

2018 RBR 380, with 810 Flex Air Bed, 1825 hours with Raven Viper 4.............................................................. $228,000 2018 TerraGator TG8400B floater, 1505 hours, AGCO SISU power, diesel CVT transmission, Air Max Precision 2 bed, stainless steel 70-ft. boom, Raven Viper 4, electric roll tarp $228,500 ................................................................................$236,000

2016 TerraGator TG8400B, Agco diesel engine, CVT transmission, 2132 hours. New Leader L3220 G4 stainless steel dry spinner box, belt/chain, MultiApplier ready.............................$151,000

2014 TerraGator TG8400 Airmax Precision 2, 70-ft. boom, granular bins, Viper Pro, autosteer, 3500 hours.............................. $123,500

2009 Terra Gator 8203 floater, Air Max Precision, 70-ft. stainless steel boom, electric roll tarp, Ravin Viper Pro controller, Smart Trax auto steer, 3948 hours......... . ....................................... $79,000

2016 TerraGator TG8400B 2713 hours, AirMax Precision 2 with Coap bins, 70-ft. stainless steel boom, electric roll tarp, Viper Pro, Smartax......................... $155,000

2019 TerraGator TG8400C1619 hours, Airmax Precision 2 bed, capable of spreading two products, 70-ft. stainless steel boom, Raven Viper 4 controller, auto steer, automatic section control, variable rate. Amazing machine....$248,500

2016 TerraGator 8400B AirMax Precision 2, Raven Viper 4, 3678 hours............................ $148,000

2011 TerraGator 8204, Cat diesel engine, AirMax Precision, 70ft. stainless steel boom, Raven SmarTrax, Viper Pro, 4495 hours.

Exceptionally clean truck!... $84,000

2015 TerraGator TG8400B Airmax Precision 2, 70-ft. boom, granular bins, Viper Pro, autosteer, 3640 hours.............................. $132,500

1996 Freightliner 5 axle tender, Cummins, Rayman 24 ton side discharge........................ $39,500

2016 Case IH 4540 Case FPT diesel engine, Allison 6 speed transmission, Case FX 810 air spreader, 70-ft. boom. Raven Viper 4 controller, auto steer........... ..................................... $138,000

2015 Case IH Titan 4530 Dry Floater, Flex-Air 810 - VRT dry flow system, 70-ft. boom, Raven Viper Pro, 2922 hours... $148,000

2012 Vector 300, Cummins, Allison automatic, New Leader L4000 G4 spreader box, twin spinner, all hydraulic, stainless steel insert, Raven Viper Pro monitor, 4561 hours. Free delivery................................................$92,000

2015 Case IH 4530, 810 Flex Air system, 70-ft. stainless steel boom, micro ingredient bin, electric roll tarp, Raven Viper Pro, Smartrax, 2384 hours......$155,000

2011 Case 3520 3 bin, 3148 hours, Viper Pro, Trimble 750.

Very nice truck............... $109,000

2015 TerraGator TG9300B, Soilection Four Bin dry air flow system, 70-ft. boom, Raven Viper Pro monitor, 4530 hours. Must see truck, amazingly clean...............................................................................................$82,500

Willmar 16-ton rear auger tender, mounted on 2007 Wilray tandem axle pup, air brakes. Honda powered hydraulic system, roll tarp.... ........................................ $19,000

1990 Freightliner liquid tender with pup trailer, 2-2800 gallon tanks, both the truck and pup have gas powered 2” pumps, Detroit diesel engine, 762,178 miles............................... $44,000

2018 Case IH Titan 3540 Nutrient Applicator, 14-ft. New Leader 4500 Edge G4 Multiplier with 7-ft. Insert. Scale System with Digi-Star 400 Display, Ag Leader Monitor, roll tarp. 1588 hours...... ..................................... $192,500

2016 Case IH Titan 3540 3 wheel floater, 810 air delivery box, deluxe cab, red leather seat, 6 speed Allison automatic transmission, 8.7L Case IH FLP engine, 1512 hours, 1050/50 R32 front and rear tires, Raven Viper 4, Agri-Cover roll tarp.......................... $167,000

2007 JCB 406 loader, diesel engine, fresh overhaul, shuttle shift transmission, open cab, 1412 hours............................... $34,500

Cat 938F payloader, Cat diesel engine 140 hp. 4 speed shuttle shift drive, enclosed cab, 3.25 yard bucket, 20.5-R25 tires, 10,270 hours.................. $48,500

2007 John Deere 724J wheel loader, quick attach with 13,019 hours..............................$112,500

Swinger 2000 loader, diesel, hydrostatic, front quick tach bucket, forks, aux hyd, 911 hours.$26,000 1989 Kenworth T800 tender truck, 350 Cummins engine, 10 speed Eaton Fuller transmission, steerable pusher axle. 16-ton Wilmar side shooter tender..$29,500

1985 Freightliner, Willmar 16-ton rear auger tender, tires are fair.

Working truck and tender..$24,500

2008 Sterling Acterra fuel truck, Cummins diesel engine, Allison automatic, tandem axle full screw, 3600 gallon 5 compartment fuel body, dual metered hose reels, frame mounted storage boxes, 218,755 miles........... ....................................... $38,500

Farming is Fun!!

2013 RoGator 1300, New Leader L4258 G4, Raven monitor, Raven GPS, 3072 hours............. $88,500

1969 Lubbock NH3 transport trailer, 10,400 gallons, Blackmer pump. 5 to choose from............... .............................. $45,000 each

2004 Peterbilt floater sprayer truck, 76-ft. boom, 20” nozzle spacing, Raven Envizio Pro control valves, 4368 hours... $73,000

1967 Fruehauf 8500 gallon lead and 5700 gallon 1969 Beall fuel trailer.............................. $34,000

GREYN FERTILIZER

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We have been your locally owned full service fertilizer dealer for over 35 years!! Thank you for your support. Three locations to serve you: Choteau - Larry Greyn - 406-466-5356 Dutton - Brad Greyn - 406-476-3402 Valier - 406-279-3255