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g n i z e ish f a f i g Am ine Ln Lun Mar frica
A lungfish usually measures around 17cm. Lungfish are not the only species of fish that a can breathe out of water, but they are the best s i it at doing so. In fact, most have such weak gills h n s ug a ho e it c onth that they would die if they weren't able to reach t l the surface. e. A aus l m tur bec vera a e r me r se c a g o African and South American lungfishes are zin ts n er f slender-bodied ma ed i f wat a n y and almost scalerul it ear out o t less. They have is afish, live pointed tails and ally u t ac stringy, tapering fins. African lungfish live in swamps, backwaters and small rivers in The Australian West and South Africa. lungfish, prized as food, grows up to They are widely distributed and are 1.8m long and has carnivores, eating frogs and other a thick body covsmall fish. ered with large scales, and short, stout fins.
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When the shallow water it lives in evaporates during dry spells, a lungfish secretes a thin mucus layer around itself that dries into a cocoon.
Fossil records of this Neoceratodus group date back 380 million years, around the time when the higher vertebrate classes were beginning to evolve.
It can live out of water in this cocoon for up to a year, but usually only until rains return. While out of water, its lungs enable it to breathe air. Lungfish may hibernate by chewing into the soil and debris at the bottom of a waterway, ejecting mud from the gills as it burrows down. It digs one to nine inches below the surface, then wiggles around to create a bulb-shaped chamber. When the chamber is complete, the fish rests with its nose pointing upward. In water, it can survive up to four years in this hibernation state; its metabolic rate slows and energy comes from the breakdown of muscle tissue.
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Eggs are laid in a nest in a weedy area. The larvae have external gills that are re-absorbed during metamorphosis. Males guard the newly-hatched young for up to two months.
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