12 Implant Dentistry
Sinus Floor Elevation: an overview of current techniques Dr. Ines Zaguia, Outcome Patients Department, University of Monastir, Anatomy Resident, Faculty of Dental Medecine of Monastir - Tunisia
Dr. Sofien Ben Abdallah, University of Monastir, Periodontology specialist, Faculty of Dental Medecine of Monastir - Tunisia
Dr. Nader Tlili, Outcome Patients Department, University of Monastir, Anatomy Resident, Faculty of Dental Medecine of Monastir - Tunisia
Dr. Mohamed Tlili, Outcome Patients Department, University of Monastir, Anatomy Resident, Faculty of Dental Medecine of Monastir - Tunisia
Dr. Faten Ben Amor, Outcome Patient›s Department, University of Monastir, Professor Head of Anatomy department and Outcome Patients Department, Faculty of Dental Medecine of Monastir - Tunisia faten.benamor@yahoo.fr
Abstract Consequently, to the resorption of the alveolar process following tooth loss, vertical bone height in the posterior maxillary region is often insufficient to receive an implant.
Introduction
Following dental extractions, the residual bone crest undergoes a complex resorption process.
The pneumatization of the maxillary sinus causes a resorption in the coronary direction. Besides, the post-extraction alveolar resorption evolves a resorption in the apical direction. So, implant placement in this region requires the use of surgical techniques to increase the sub-sinusal bone volume. 1, 10
Moreover, the loss of teeth may induce expansion of the maxillary sinus, which is probably caused by pneumatization the maxillary sinus (i.e. the positive air pressure created during breathing). Thus, implant-supported prosthetic rehabilitation requires the use of surgical techniques to increase the sub-sinusal bone volume. The surgical approach is done either by the lateral or by the crestal way. The filling of the sinuses can be done by autogenous bone, by allografts or by xenografts. In this article we will describe two clinical cases illustrating two different surgical techniques allowing to raise the sinus floor in order to gain vertical height of the edentulous crest. A 4/10 standard implant was placed following the sinus elevation in both cases. Each of the surgical techniques presents its precise indications and a well-defined protocol.
In the posterior maxillary region, the vertical bone height is often insufficient to receive an implant. Following dental extractions, the residual bone crest undergoes a complex resorption process.
For more than 30 years, sinus elevation has been the gold standard for increasing the vertical height of edentulous ridges in the posterior regions of the maxilla 2. The effectiveness and predictability of this procedure have been determined by numerous studies. The surgical approach may be performed either laterally or from the crest 3. Thus, the elevation of the sinus membrane allows the placement of a filling material which may be autogenous bone, allografts or xenografts. 3 The aim of this work is to describe different sinus floor elevation techniques based on clinical cases, emphasizing the anatomical considerations and the preoperative evaluations to be taken into consideration.
In both cases we can easily obtain satisfactory aesthetic and functional rendering.
Clinical Reports
Key words: Sinus lift, sinus anatomy, crestal approach, lateral approach, osteotomy.
Two surgical techniques are commonly used to treat bone defects in the posterior maxilla: 1. The lateral window approach. 2. The crestal approach.
Dental News, Volume XXIV, Number III, 2017