Prostate
191
Rules for Classification The classification applies only to adenocarcinomas. Transitional cell carcinoma of the prostate is classified as a urethral tumour (see page 208). There should be histological confirmation of the disease. The following are the procedures for assessing T, N, and M categories: T categories Physical examination, imaging, endoscopy, biopsy, and biochemical tests N categories Physical examination and imaging M categories Physical examination, imaging, skeletal studies, and biochemical tests
Regional Lymph Nodes The regional lymph nodes are the nodes of the true pelvis, which essentially are the pelvic nodes below the bifurcation of the common iliac arteries. Laterality does not affect the N classification.
TNM Clinical Classification T – Primary Tumour TX T0
Primary tumour cannot be assessed No evidence of primary tumour
T1 Clinically inapparent tumour that is not palpable T1a Tumour incidental histological finding in 5% or less of tissue resected T1b Tumour incidental histological finding in more than 5% of tissue resected T1c Tumour identified by needle biopsy (e.g., because of elevated PSA) T2 Tumour that is palpable and confined within prostate T2a Tumour involves one half of one lobe or less T2b Tumour involves more than half of one lobe, but not both lobes T2c Tumour involves both lobes
Urological
Prostate (ICD‐O‐3 C61.9)