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TIDBITS EATS

Mrs.

CEREAL by Janet Spencer

There was a drought in Rome in 496 B.C. The priests thought if they started worshiping the Greek goddess Demeter, she might help. They changed her name to Ceres from the Latin ‘crescere’ meaning ‘to grow’ which is also the root of ‘create’ and ‘increase.’ She became the protector of crops, and the caretakers of her temple became the grain dealers. A new Latin word was coined meaning ‘of Ceres’-- cerealis, which became the word cereal. Come along with Tidbits as we eat cereal!

CEREAL FACTS

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• John Kellogg ran a health resort in Battle Creek, Michigan in the late 1800s. He advocated a healthy diet, and invented a flaky breakfast cereal made from smashing boiled wheat and corn into thin flat sheets and baking them. He had trouble perfecting the formula until one day when he was called away while the wheat was cooking. When he returned, the wheat was far overcooked, but money was tight and wheat was expensive so he ran the overcooked wheat through the rollers anyway. The thin crispy flake that resulted was the perfect formula. • At first he called this cereal Granula, which he later changed to Granola before finally changing the name to Corn Flakes. The cereal was a novel invention and reputedly very healthy, but it didn't taste very good. • John Kellogg had a younger brother named Will. Will Kellogg was more interested in making a profit than his brother was. When John left on an extended trip, Will did something that John had forbidden: he added a coating of sugar to the cereal. People liked John's unsweetened cereal a little, but they loved Will’s sugary cereal. When John returned, he was furious. Will ended up starting his own company, which he called Kellogg’s. Will Kellogg’s cereal eventually put John Kellogg’s cereal out of business. The brothers were rivals until their deaths. • A patient of John Kellogg named Charles W. Post started his own dry cereal company called Post Cereals, selling a rival brand of corn flakes. John Kellogg claimed that Charles Post stole the formula for corn flakes from the safe in his office. • Charles Post came out with a cereal he called Elijah's Manna. He tried to export it to Britain but they refused to register it, feeling giving such a religious name to a food item was sacrilegious. Post changed the name to Post Toasties. ...continued

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SPORTS QUIZ 1. Name the last major-league player to hit .380 or better in a season. 2. Barry and Bobby Bonds were the first major-league father-son combination to each hit 300 home runs. Who was second? 3. Bjorn Borg won 11 Grand Slam singles titles, and they all were in two events. Which two?

4. How many Super Bowls did Don Shula appear in as a head coach? 5. T or F: 2015 was the first time that the Kansas and Witchita State men’s basketball teams played each other in the NCAA Tournament. 6. How many Stanley Cups did Al Arbour win as both a player and a head coach? 7. Entering 2016, Al Unser was the oldest winner of the Indy 500. How old was he?

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SUGARY CEREALS • In 1949 Post Cereal introduced a sugary line of cereals such as Sugar Crisps, Krinkles, and Corn-Fetti and the kids went wild. General Mills followed suit with cereals such as Trix, Sugar Frosted Flakes, and Cocoa Puffs. • In 1975, a dentist who was alarmed at the steep increase in the number of cavities he was seeing in children went to the supermarket and bought 78 different kinds of cereal. He took them to his lab and measured their sugar content. One-third had sugar levels between 10 and 25%. One-third contained between 26% and 50% sugar, and the rest of them had sugar levels even higher than 50%. The highest was Super Orange Crisps which was almost 71% sugar. Not surprisingly, those cereals with the highest sugar content were brands most heavily marketed to children during Saturday morning cartoons. • By 1977 a coalition of 12,000 health professionals asked the Federal Trade Commission to ban the advertising of sugary foods on children's TV shows. The petition was accompanied by a collection of 200 decayed teeth collected and donated by pediatric dentists. In 1979, the typical American child watched more than 20,000 commercials between the ages of two and 11, and more than half of those commercials were for cereals, candy, snacks, and soft drinks.

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• As a result, Kellogg's Sugar Frosted Flakes was re-named Frosted Flakes; Post changed Super Sugar Crisp into Super Golden Crisp; and Sugar Smacks became Honey Smacks. Although the names changed, the sugar content did not, and nothing changed about the fact that cereals were pitched to children on weekend daytime TV. The cereal industry uses 816 million pounds of sugar per year. • Grape Nuts is one of the few cereals with no added sugar. It has nothing to do with grapes or nuts, being made out of baked wheat and malted barley. ...continued

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*Answers located further back in this issue.

NUGGET OF KNOWLEDGE Cap'n Crunch, cartoon mascot of the eponymous breakfast cereal, has a full name which is Horatio Magellan Crunch. Because he has three stripes on his sleeve instead of four, he actually technically ranks as a commander in the Navy, which is one rung below a captain.

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"Just what do you attribute your success to?" enquired the sports reporter as the athlete finished a successful season. "I'm not sure yet," he replied. I'm still negotiating with two different cereal companies."

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FAST FACTS ABOUT CEREAL

• In 1964 both Kellogg's and Post introduced cereal that had freeze-dried fruit in it. The theory was that the freeze-dried fruit would absorb moisture from the milk and be reconstituted in the bowl. Unfortunately it took so long for the fruit to rehydrate that the cereal was hopelessly soggy by the time the fruit was edible. • After winning the Olympic decathlon in 1976, Bruce Jenner was signed up to sell Wheaties. On the air, Jenner claimed he had eaten Wheaties all his life. The assistant district attorney in San Francisco brought suit against General Mills, claiming consumer fraud. They felt that Jenner hadn't really eaten Wheaties all his life. Jenner challenged the DA to ask his mother. The suit was dropped. • In ads, the Trix rabbit is always trying to sneak a bowl of Trix cereal, but the kids constantly take it away from him, saying "Trix is for kids!" During the 1976 presidential elections, General Mills worried that this might be teaching kids a bad thing: try as you might, you'll never reach your goal. So they put it to the vote. By sending in box-top ballots, kids were asked to vote on whether or not the rabbit would get his Trix. 99% voted yes. Amidst great fanfare, the rabbit got to eat a whole bowl on the next commercial. Then, like Charles Dickens’ Oliver Twist, he held out his empty bowl and asked for more— only to be told he had to wait for the next election. • In 1972, General Mills introduced a new cereal called Franken Berry with pink cereal ‘berries’ in it. Unfortunately the food dye they initially used to turn the cereal pink was not absorbed by the digestive system, so parents were alarmed to find their kids having pink bowel movements, fearing internal bleeding. The formula was quickly changed and a different dye was used. • Cheerios were originally called Cheerioats. The name was changed in 1945.

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• It was beloved English author and humorist P.G. Wodehouse, probably best known for his tales of Wooster and Jeeves, who made the following observation: "Judges, as a class, display, in the matter of arranging [divorce settlements] that reckless generosity which is found only in men who are giving away someone else's money." • Brides in ancient Rome carried sheaves of wheat, not bouquets of flowers. • Andrew Jackson, the seventh president of the United States, had a pet parrot with a questionable vocabulary. In fact, Poll (the pet in question) was so foul-mouthed (-beaked?) that it disrupted Jackson's funeral. According to Rev. William Menefee Norment, who presided at the service, "Before the sermon and while the crowd was gathering, a wicked parrot that was a household pet got excited and commenced swearing so loud and long as to disturb the people and had to be carried from the house." • The reasons why aren't clearly understood, but it seems that people with high blood pressure rarely get cancer. • Glass-bottom beer tankards were invented during medieval times. Evidently, some taverns were so rough that patrons felt the need to be able to see the other drinkers even when turning the mug bottoms-up. • Those who study such things say that when you're sleeping, a quarter of all your blood is in your liver. • It's pretty common knowledge that it's the male seahorse, not the female, that gives birth to the young. Not many people realize, though, that a male seahorse can deliver a brood of a thousand or more babies in the morning, and then be pregnant again that night. *** Thought for the Day: "I get up every morning determined to both change the world and have one hell of a good time. Sometimes this makes planning my day difficult." -- E.B. White © 2016 King Features Synd., Inc.

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Amazing Animals:

BIRD BRAINS

• In the late 1980s, scientists in Florida scattered food pellets to attract fish to a specific spot in a bay. A great blue heron watched these proceedings and discovered that if it hung out nearby, it could feast on the fish that came up for the pellets. After several days, either the fish got wise or they had all been eaten because they stopped coming to eat the pellets. Scientists were astounded to see the heron pick up a pellet in its beak, take it a short distance down the shore, drop it in the water, and nab a fish that surfaced. • A man in Washington once tossed crackers to a raven until the raven was full and could eat no more. The raven wanted to take more crackers to its cache, but it could pick up only one cracker at a time in its beak. By the time it got back to collect the next cracker, other critters would have stolen the rest of the food. The man was astonished to see the raven solve the dilemma by tucking the crackers side by side into a snowbank one at a time. When several crackers were lined up together, the raven was able to pick them all up at one time and fly off with the entire batch. • Bill and Wilma Fisher raised birds and had about 30 parrots. Once when they were away from home at a parrot show, one of their parrots used his beak to undo the bolts that held his cage together. When the cage collapsed, the parrot escaped. He then managed to unlatch all the other cages one at a time. When the bird sitter arrived later that day, she discovered all the birds in the middle of a parrot party. • When a storm blew down the netting that enclosed the New York Zoological Society’s gigantic aviary in the 1960s, zookeepers captured as many of the remaining birds as they could, but left the netting open. Within the next few days, nearly 75% of the escaped birds returned home.

• King Henry VIII had a pet parrot that one day fell unnoticed into the Thames River. It was rescued only because it raucously squawked, "Boat! Boat!" • A parrot listed in the Guinness Book of World Records had a vocabulary of 531 words. He could recite eight nursery rhymes in a single breath without mistake.

CHICKADEE FACTS

• Chickadees hide seeds in holes in trees where they will stay safe until retrieved and eaten. One researcher wanted to test the memory of chickadees, so he arranged a forest of artificial trees. Each tree had holes and each hole had a door which could either be open or closed. He gave his experimental chickadees some sunflower seeds to store when all the doors were opened. He watched where they stashed the seeds, then chased the birds away. He removed all the seeds, then closed every door— whether or not it had contained seeds. This way all the holes looked and smelled the same. Then he let the birds back in. The birds invariably searched the holes where they had stashed seeds 24 hours earlier. They tore the doors off searching for their seeds and ignored the holes where they had not placed seeds. • For his next experiment, he set out to see if they could remember the holes they had already visited. After storing the seeds, he chased the birds out of the aviary and didn't let them back in for 24 hours. He gave them enough time to visit half of the holes to retrieve their seeds, then chased them out again. 24 hours later he allowed them in a second time, this time with all the doors closed once again and all the remaining seeds removed. Still, the chickadees went back to each hole that had once contained seeds, but they didn't bother going back to the holes they had visited the previous day. It seems that the memory of a chickadee is very good indeed.

Answer

Weekly SUDOKU

Answer

King CROSSWORD

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• On June 19, 1864, the most successful and feared Confederate commerce raider of the war, the CSS Alabama, sinks after a battle with the USS Kearsarge off the coast of France. After three years and 75,000 miles, the Alabama needed overhauling and was taken to France, where the USS Kearsarge was lying in wait. • On June 16, 1884, the first roller coaster in America opens at Coney Island, New York. The coaster traveled 6 mph and cost a nickel to ride. The name Coney Island is believed to have come from the Dutch Konijn Eilandt, or Rabbit Island. • On June 18, 1923, the first Checker Cab rolls off the line in Kalamazoo, Michigan. In 1922, with some 600 Checker Cabs on the streets of New York City alone, owner Morris Markin went looking for a bigger factory and settled on Kalamazoo. • On June 14, 1954, more than 12 million Americans "die" in a mock nuclear attack, as the United States goes through its first nationwide civil-defense drill. The event stood as a stark reminder that the world was now living under a nuclear shadow. • On June 13, 1966, the Supreme Court hands down its decision in Miranda v. Arizona, establishing the principle that all criminal suspects must be advised of their rights before interrogation. Ernesto Miranda had been arrested and not told he didn't have to say anything. • On June 17, 1972, five burglars are arrested in the Democratic National Committee headquarters at the Watergate complex in Washington, D.C. An extensive investigation unveiled a scheme of political sabotage and espionage, which ultimately resulted in the resignation of President Richard Nixon. • On June 15, 1986, stock-car driver Richard Petty makes the 1,000th start of his NASCAR career, at Michigan International Speedway. "The King" would extend his record to 1,184 career starts before his retirement in 1992. © 2016 King Features Synd., Inc.

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Repellents: Still One of the Best Ways to Prevent Mosquito Bites

(Answer on next page)

Unfortunately, there’s no easy solution to controlling mosquitoes. The more rain and standing water we have, the more mosquito habitat available for those pesky critters. Eliminating mosquito breeding sites is essential to keeping the mosquito population in check. When the adult mosquito population seems unbearable, turn to one of the best prevention methods available…a can of OFF! Mosquito repellents with DEET are safe and very effective when applied according to the label. They’ve even improved many of these products so they go on dry, not oily. Don’t let these pesky critters win the outdoor battle this summer. Eliminate any standing water on your property and apply repellents with DEET when outdoors.

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King Features Weekly Service

(Answers located on next page)

May 30, 2016

• Place a small stick-on hook on the back of the high chair to hang baby’s bibs from. This is a great way to make sure a bib or even a small washcloth is right where you need it at all times. • “Tape off a tile on the floor and give little kids a child-size broom. They can practice sweeping into the taped-off area.” — W.I. in Arkansas • A large lidded cereal container makes a great water-tight trash can for the car. Line it with a bag and snap on the lid. When the pour spout is closed, even runny messes are contained. • Stick a paperclip on the end of your tape roll. Never look for the end again. • “Frozen marshmallows actually make good kiddie ice packs. And they’re just what the doctor ordered. Loosely fill snack-size baggies with mini marshmallows. For minor bumps, I tell the kids, “Sit with this on your boo-boo. As soon as it’s feeling better, you can go play and eat the marshmallows for a snack.” It’s not surprising how quickly their hurts are healed.” — W.I. in Ohio • Sprinkles make things like wholewheat pancakes or healthy smoothies seem more delicious. Add sprinkles and a smoothie seems more like a milkshake. Send your tips to Now Here’s a Tip, 628 Virginia Drive, Orlando, FL 32803.

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(Solution on Next Page)

• When Henry Parsons Crowell bought a small bankrupt oat mill for a few thousand dollars in the mid-1800s, he soon found that he had a major competitor whose name was Ferdinand Schumacher. Schumacher had a near monopoly on oats, having invented a better oat-milling device which allowed him to produce oats faster and cheaper than anyone else. He was ruthless in his business dealings and sent many other oat dealers out of business by undercutting their prices. • However, Crowell discovered that Schumacher sold oats only in 180-pound barrels, which were kept, usually without lids, in the back of stores. Crowell knew he couldn't out produce Schumacher, so he decided to compete with him by adding new features. • Crowell sold his oats in two pound packages, advertising that his re-sealable cartons kept his oats free from dirt, disease, animals, and insects. Cooking instructions were printed on the package, as well as recipes. Crowell's oats became the first food product boasting a four-color printed carton, and it was the first product to offer sample miniatures. • Crowell’s was also the first business to add another new feature: premiums, in which boxtops could be redeemed for dishes and kitchen items. Soon Crowell’s oat company was a food processing giant, and he eventually bought Schumacher out. By the time Crowell died in 1943, he was one of the wealthiest men in Chicago. • His company, whose name summons images of honesty and integrity, still sells oats in familiar round cartons. What’s the name of Crowell’s company, now one of the largest manufacturers of breakfast foods in the world with headquarters in Cedar Rapids, Iowa? (Answer at top of next page)

DIFFERENCES: 1. Dress hem is missing. 2. Paper cup is missing. 3. Exit door is missing. 4. Body is slimmer. 5. Tiara is missing. 6. Pitcher is missing.

• In 1955, Quaker Oats offered a special prize in every box of Quaker Puffed Rice and Puffed Answer: Dell. Wheat cereal. cereal company sponA VERY The LARGE NUMBER sored a TV show called "Sergeant Preston of •the Edward Kasner wasprize a mathematician. In 1938 Yukon" and the was a deed granting he was asked to come up with a name for a the ownership one square inch of veryholder large number: theof numeral one, followed property on the Yukon River, 12 miles north by a hundred zeros. He asked his two young ofnephews Dawson. Quaker purchased a what name had theyactually would suggest. 19-acre tract and split it into 21 million sub• Nine-year-old Milton suggested a name divisions of funnies. an inch each. out of the A cartoon strip character • One manBarney collected of the Milton deeds which named was 10,000 very popular. chose he said entitled himfor to the a 75-foot Barney’s last name number.square plot, the company out that •although Kasner announced thepointed new name for his theonebig inch deeds were not adjacent to each other. number in his next book, altering the spelling. • The eventually re• SixtyCanadian years later,government Larry Page and Sergey Brin claimed thealand failuresearch to payengine. $37 inOther back developed newfor internet search Today enginesthesearched each webpage and taxes. deeds are worth about $40 ranked them according to how many times a for their value to collectors. specific term appeared on them, but Page and • The promotional stunt was so successful that Brin designed their search engine to search for later Quaker term offered cubic genuine the specific andone then findinch out of how many Yukon dirt inwere each that box led of cereal. links there back to that page, which resulted in a better search engine. OAT FACTS They 95% decided they neededin athename • •About of oats produced worldthat are reflected how many websites the search fed to livestock, with only about 5% of the enginecrop wasbeing searching. They the name world consumed bytook humans. of Edward Kasner’s very large number, only • 80% Americanit households oatmeal in they of misspelled slightly, so ithave ended up being their pantries. spelled exactly the same way the cartoon character his oatmeal last name. What’s • January is Barney the top spelled month for sales. it called? (Answer at bottom of page) • For steel-cut oats, the grains are sliced thin by a set of COMPUTER steel blades, FACTS while old-fashioned are steamed andsaid, then“640 rolledkbtoofproduce •oats In 1981 Bill Gates memorya ought to be enough for anybody.” flattened shape. Steel-cut oats take longer to and Law may states have athat bitcomputer more fiber. The more •cook Moore’s performance the oats are flattened and steamed, the quicker doubles every 18 to 24 months, and ever since they cook andbeen the true. softer they become. 1971, this–has • •Studies have shown that eating grams were of oat all fiHP, Google, Microsoft, and 3Apple started in garages. ber per day (about the amount in a one-cup serving) canGoogle, lower total cholesterol Answer: from googol. by 8% to 23%.

answer

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