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Of Grand Forks • East Grand Forks

April 9, 2015

Published by: Wick Publications

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FAMOUS RETAILERS, PT.1 Where do North Americans spend their money? This week, Tidbits looks into the history of some of our most famous merchants. Part Two will appear next week. • In 1907, Herbert Marcus founded a new business in Dallas, Texas, with his sister Carrie Marcus Neiman and her husband. They had a large amount of money available to invest, and chose to open a top-quality clothing store, turning down an opportunity to purchase a franchise for a new fountain drink called CocaCola. Within a few weeks, the store had completely sold out of its merchandise, as wealthy Texans hurried to purchase the store’s stylish fashions. In 1913, a fire destroyed the store and all of its inventory. Seventeen days later, a temporary store opened, and in 1914, it was rebuilt, and remains the location of their flagship store. • In 1926, Neiman-Marcus became the nation’s first store to feature a weekly fashion show, held in Dallas’ Baker Hotel. Between 1942 and 1944, their sales ballooned from $6 million to $11 million. It wasn’t until 1957 that a store was opened outside the Dallas area, when they expanded to downtown Houston. It took until 1971 to expand outside the state of Texas, when the Bal Harbour, Florida store was opened. Today there are 41 Neiman-Marcus stores in 19 states. WANT TO RUN YOUR OWN BUSINESS? Publish a

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Quiz Bits

5. Name the Wisconsin former sailboat equipment comany purchased by Sears in 2002? 6. How many sides does a snowflake have? 7. Approximately, how long is a dolphin’s gestation period? 8. Which U.S. state has the most coastline? 9. Where did the cartoon family “The Flintstones” live?

1. Which retailer regularly features “$1 flip-flop day”? 2. What promotional method was introduced at K-Mart in 1965? 3. It’s America’s 2nd largest retailer and the world’s 3rd largest. What is it? 4. A children’s novel about a dog found in what retailer’s store was made into a 2005 movie?

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• Founded in 1994, Old Navy had 500 stores by the year 2000. It was the first retailer to pass $1 billion in annual sales within its first four years in business. Old Navy is owned by Gap, Inc., whose founder was Donald G. Fisher, a 40-year-old real estate developer who became frustrated with his inability to find a pair of jeans that fit him. His successor Millard Drexler launched Old Navy, and named the store after a bar he had seen while walking in Paris. The first store opened in Colma, California, and within a year, 59 more stores had opened. In just eight years, there were 842 stores. • Andrew Saks opened a clothing business in Washington, D.C. in 1867, and was so successful he began to expand to other cities. In 1902, he moved to New York and established Saks & Company on the corner of Sixth Avenue and 34th Street. When Andrew died in 1912, his brother took over the company, later joining up with Gimbel Brothers in 1922. In 1924, Saks Fifth Avenue opened, offering the finest expensive, upscale, sophisticated merchandise. A silk top hat for President Calvin Coolidge was the first package out the doors. Saks soon became synonymous with quality and elegance. It became the first specialty store to expand across the country, quickly opening stores in Chicago, Miami, and Beverly Hills. Today, there are more than 40 Saks Fifth Avenue stores across the country.

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SPORTS QUIZ 1. Who is the only pitcher to strike out more batters in tossing a no-hitter than the Dodgers’ Clayton Kershaw, who struck out 15 during a game in 2014? 2. How many times did Hall of Famer Willie Mays hit 40 or more home runs in a season? 3. T or F: The San Antonio Spurs have never won backto-back NBA championships.

4. How many times did the Lakers franchise lose to the Boston Celtics in the NBA Finals before finally beating them in 1985? 5. In 2014, what golfer set a record for largest margin of victory in the Senior British Open, winning by 13 shots? 6. Name the only player from the University of Illinois to be chosen No. 1 overall in the NFL Draft. 7. Which NHL team has won the 2nd-most Stanley Cups?

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www.newvisiontruckaccessories.com RETAILERS, PT. ONE (continued): • Bean marketed his boots by mailing flyers to hunting license holders, and was quickly inundated with 100 orders. Unfortunately, he experienced quality issues when the rubber bottoms separated from the leather tops. Ninety out of 100 pairs were returned. Bean borrowed money to refund each pair 100% and to correct the problem. • By 1934, L.L. Bean had moved into a 13,000-sq.-ft factory and was close to the $1 million sales mark. His three-page flyer had grown into a 52-page catalog. More than 70% of Freeport, Maine’s mail was generated by L.L. Bean. In 1951, L.L. Bean “threw away the keys” to his store, changing operating hours to 24 hours a day, 365 days a year. Their current 220,000 sq. ft. store continues the same hours, greeting more than three million visitors annually. The same 100% guarantee continues as it has from the day L.L Bean opened his company. Annual sales now exceed $1.5 billion. • One of the nation’s top ten retailers isn’t located in a store – it’s Amazon, the largest internet-based company in the nation. Founder Jeff Bezos founded the company in 1994, working out of his Bellevue, Washington, garage. He called his company “Cadabra,” but

changed it to Amazon the following year, believing that Cadabra sounded too much like “cadaver.” He also wanted his company to start with the letter “A,” since it would be at the top of any alphabetized internet search. It started out as an online bookstore, but Bezos soon made up a list of the five products with the most potential, which included CD’s, computer hardware and software, videos, and books. Today, Amazon’s global headquarters take up 14 buildings in Seattle with annual sales of about $75 billion.

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MOMENTS IN TIME • On April 13, 1360, an Easter Monday hailstorm kills an estimated 1,000 English soldiers in Chartres, France. Lightning struck down several leaders, and hailstones began pelting the soldiers, scattering the horses. Hail typically falls at about 100 mph. • On April 17, 1885, Karen Dinesen, better known by her pen name Isak Dinesen, is born in Denmark. Dinesen's memoir, "Out of Africa" (1937), helped demystify the Dark Continent for millions of readers. She published several other story collections before her death in 1962. • On April 19, 1897, John J. McDermott of New York won the first Boston Marathon in a time of 2:55:10. Various routes had been considered before a measured distance of 24.5 miles from the Irvington Oval in Boston to Metcalf's Mill in Ashland was selected. The marathon's distance was changed in 1908 to its current length of 26 miles 385 yards. • On April 14, 1918, six days after being assigned to the Western front, pilot Douglas Campbell from the U.S. First Aero Squadron engages in America's

The History Channel

first aerial dogfight with enemy aircraft. By the end of May, Campbell had shot down five enemy planes, making him the first American to qualify as a "flying ace" in World War I. • On April 16, 1943, Albert Hoffman, a Swiss chemist working at the Sandoz pharmaceutical research laboratory, accidentally consumes LSD-25, resulting in unusual sensations and hallucinations. Widespread use of the so-called mind-expanding drug began in the 1960s. • On April 15, 1967, a massive parade to protest Vietnam War policy is held in New York. Police estimated that 100,000 to 125,000 people listened to speeches by Martin Luther King, Jr. and Dr. Benjamin Spock. Prior to the march, youths burned nearly 200 draft cards in Central Park. • On April 18, 1983, the U.S. embassy in Beirut, Lebanon, is almost completely destroyed by a car-bomb explosion that kills 63 people, including the suicide bomber and 17 Americans. The terrorist attack was carried out in protest of the U.S. military presence in Lebanon.

RETAILERS, PT. ONE (continued): • Rowland Hussey Macy opened four dry goods stores between 1843 and 1855, all of which, unfortunately, failed. Macy made the move to New York City in 1858 and opened a store on Sixth Avenue. His first day’s sales were $11.08 (about $301.47 today). Macy’s moved to a new store in 1902, a building that is now a National Historic Landmark. The annual Macy’s Thanksgiving Day Parade started in 1924, with its trademark giant balloons making their debut in 1927, with Felix the Cat as the first. By 1933, more than a million people lined the parade route. As popularity grew, more balloons were added – Mickey Mouse in 1934, Superman in 1939, Popeye in 1976, and Hello Kitty in 1976. High winds on Thanksgiving Day, 1997, pushed the Cat in the Hat balloon into a lamppost, with the resulting debris striking a spectator, fracturing her skull, and leaving her in a coma for a month. • Kroger’s, the country’s largest supermarket chain, got its start in 1883, when Barney Kroger invested everything he had, $375 (about $9,400 in today’s money) to open a grocery store in Cincinnati, Ohio. He had dropped out of school at 13 to help support his family when their dry goods store went bankrupt. He sold coffee and tea door-to-door until he was 20, when he became manager of a local grocery store. At 24, he opened the Great Western Tea Company and soon had four stores, later changing the name to Kroger’s. His success came by eliminating the middleman by providing as much of his own product as possible. In 1901, his stores were the first to bake their own bread, and three years later, they were the first to include meat departments in grocery stores. Years later, in 1972, Kroger was the first grocery store to test electronic scanners. Today, there are 2,600 stores in 34 states, generating annual sales of close to $100 billion.

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NOTEWORTHY INVENTORS:

EDDIE BAUER

Eddie Bauer isn’t just a well-known, profitable retailer at the mall. Bauer was an avid outdoorsman who started selling sporting goods in a tiny Seattle store, as well as a renowned inventor. Take a look at the history of this man and his accomplishments. • Born in 1899 to Russian immigrants, Eddie Bauer lived in a log cabin on Orcas Island, Washington, off the northwestern coast. Eddie learned to hunt and fish on the island at a young age. Dropping out of school after the eighth grade, he took a job at a Seattle sporting goods store as an errand and stock boy. Here he learned how to make fishing poles and lures, and how to refinish golf clubs and tennis rackets. By age 18, he was a department manager and was in charge of the front window displays. • At 21, Eddie branched out on his own, renting a tiny space for $15 a month, naming his business “Eddie Bauer’s Tennis Shop,” where he intended to string rackets during the summer, while still leaving time for his beloved hunting and fishing during the colder months. A brisk business enabled him to expand his shop the following year, to which he added equipment for fishing, trapping, and golfing. • Between 1934 and 1937, Bauer received more than 20 patents, including his first on a shuttlecock for badminton. In 1936, he patented the Skyliner, a down-filled jacket that was a huge seller. After experiencing hypothermia on a fishing trip, Bauer patent the first quilted down jacket in 1940.

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EDDIE BAUER (continued): • Bauer became famous in 1942 when the U.S. Army Air Corps commissioned him to create a jacket to keep World War II pilots warm at high altitudes, a parka that was to become known as the Bomber Jacket. Eddie Bauer also supplied backpacks, pants, and sleeping bags, which were standard issue for American troops. More than 50,000 flight parkas and 100,000 sleeping bags were sold to the armed forces. Eddie Bauer was the first independent company that the U.S. Army allowed to use their own logo on an Army-issued uniform.

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• After the war, Eddie Bauer created a catalog that was mailed to 14,000 soldiers who had worn his products during their service. His mail order business was an immediate success, and he added women’s clothing to his catalog. By 1949, the company had 125 seamstresses. • Over the next several years, Bauer continue to invent clothing for extreme weather conditions. During the 1950s, he outfitted several expeditions, including a 1953 climbing expedition to the top of K2 and several journeys through Antarctica. He developed parkas with a rip-stop nylon shell for climbers scaling Gasherbrum, the world’s 11th highest mountain. Jim Whittaker, the first American to reach the summit of Mt. Everest, was also outfitted in Eddie Bauer outerwear. • Eddie Bauer sold his interest in the company in1968 and retired, taking up dog breeding, and enjoying the great outdoors as he had his entire life. The company continued to prosper, partnering with the Ford Motor Company in 1983 to manufacture Eddie Bauer Ford Limited Edition vehicles.

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STAR H MAP

by Linda Thistle

Draw a star in exactly 10 of the empty squares in the diagram below so that each numbered square accurately indicates how many immediately adjacent squares (horizontally, vertically or diagonally) contain a star.

6 9 th A n n u A l K e m

rine h s

rCus 2015

- sAt - sun -- April 24,24, 25, 25, 26 26 FRI •fri SAT • SUN APRIL rAlph engelstAd ArenA, grAnd forKs RALPH ENGELSTAD ARENA, GRAND FORKS friday,APRIL aPril 24 24 •• 3:00 pmpm FRIDAY, 3:00pm, pm,7:00 7:00 saturday, aPril 25 • 10:00 am, 2:00 pm, 7:00pm SATURDAY, APRIL 25 • 10:00 am, 2:00 pm, 7:00 pm suNday, aPril 26 • 2:00 pm, 6:00 pm SUNDAY, APRIL 26 • 2:00 pm, 6:00 pm We Are A Circus sponsor kemshrinecircus.org

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NURSE AIDE TRAINING Valley Memorial Homes is screening candidates for the Nurse Aide Training Class runs May 4 - 26, 2015 Pick up applications at either: Valley Eldercare Center, 2900 14th Ave. S., GF or 4000 Valley Square, 4000 24th Ave. S., GF

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SEARS & ROEBUCK • Back in 1886, Richard Sears worked as a station agent for the railroad in Minnesota. On the side, he sold lumber and coal to the locals for extra cash. When a shipment of watches for the community’s jeweler was refused, Sears bought them himself and sold them to other station agents along the railroad line. He ordered another batch of watches, which he promptly sold and soon after, he established the R.W. Sears Watch Company in Minneapolis. • Within a year, Sears moved his business to Chicago. Badly in need of an assistant, he ran a classified ad in the newspaper for a “watchmaker with references who can furnish tools.” A young man named Alvah Roebuck answered the ad, and soon the pair, both in their twenties, established what would become America’s leading retailer.

• In 1893, after six years in business, Sears’ annual sales exceeded $400,000. Just two years later that number had grown to $750,000. By 1941, annual sales were closing in on $1 billion. • In 1906, the first Sears Tower opened in Chicago, a 14-story structure constructed as part of their catalog facility. A large part of the company’s 22,000 employees were housed in the Tower. That building still stands proudly in Chicago as part of the National Register of Historic Places, and is undergoing an extensive remodel.

Answer

Weekly SUDOKU

The training evidently wasn't going well; one day, Toby chewed up half of Steinbeck's handwritten manuscript -- the only copy. The author took the setback pretty well, it seems: A few days after the incident, he wrote to a friend, "I was pretty mad but the poor little fellow may have been acting critically. I didn't want to ruin a good dog on a [manuscript] I'm not sure is good at all. He only got an ordinary spanking with his punishment flyswatter." • It's been reported that Elvis Presley knew by heart every word spoken in the film "Patton." • If you're like 7 percent of American workers, you had a job at McDonald's at some point in your life. • According to ancient Chinese medical practice, doctors only got paid once their patients became healthy again. *** Thought for the Day: "Hell is a half-filled auditorium." -- Robert Frost

Answer

• It was Senator Eugene McCarthy who made the following sage observation: "Being in politics is like being a football coach. You have to be smart enough to understand the game, and dumb enough to think it's important." • In 1916, the town of Erwin, Tennessee, used a train's derrick car to hang an elephant for the crime of murder. • Your hands and feet have more sweat glands than any other part of your body. • You might be surprised to learn that Zachary Taylor, the 12th president of the United States, didn't vote in a single presidential election until his own name was on the ballot. • If you leave a faucet running for a single minute, approximately 3 to 5 gallons of water will be washed down the drain. • It was the spring of 1936, and John Steinbeck was working on his novel "Of Mice and Men." He was also working on training his new puppy, Toby.

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• The first Sears catalog was published in 1888, an 80-page circular that catered especially to farmers, who could purchase supplies much cheaper by mail than from their rural general store. Six years later, the Sears catalog was 322 pages, and offered bicycles, farm implements, furniture, saddles, sewing machines, and sporting goods. In 1905, a person could even buy an automobile from the Sears catalog.

SEARS & ROEBUCK (continued):

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• The current 110-story Sears Tower opened in 1973, when the company was the world’s largest retailer, employing 350,000. At 1,454 feet it was the world’s tallest building at completion, a title it held for 25 years. It remains the second-tallest building in the U.S., and the eighth-tallest in the world. The building required 76,000 tons of steel, 2 million cubic feet of concrete, 1,500 miles of electrical wiring, and 80 miles of elevator cable. Sears sold the building in 1993, and today it is known as Willis Tower.

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• From 1908 to 1940, Sears sold about 100,000 ready-to-assemble kit houses from 447 different housing designs. The kits were shipped by rail, with the average home containing 25 tons of materials and over 30,000 parts. In 1914, the price ranged from $550 up to $2,900. The top of the line home in 1920 cost $4,300. By 1940, when Sears discontinued the homes, there were still plenty of homes to be had for under $2,000.

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• In 1989, Walmart grabbed the title of America’s largest retailer. In 1993, the famous Sears catalog was discontinued due to sinking profits. In 2004, Sears was purchased by K-Mart and the company became Sears Holdings. It remains the twelfth-largest retailer in America.

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March 30, 2015 • When your cut-up fruit is about to expire and you don’t think you’ll be able to eat it in time, just freeze it for smoothies. Lay it out in a single layer and pop it in the freezer. When it’s frozen, you can put it in a zipper-top baggie for easy storage. • If it’s garage sale time, try this trick: Wrap a picture frame tightly with tulle. Then you can hang earrings from the tulle. Maybe someone will think it’s so cute that you’ll sell the frame, too! • “Do you have a lot of coffee mugs? Maybe it’s time to show them off! My granny has so many coffee mugs from trips and that she got as gifts. My daddy put up five long shelves on one wall of her kitchen. They are the perfect place to line up and display all the mugs, and each one has a story, which is fun to hear.” — F.E. in North Carolina • “My wife saw a picture of a narrow shelving unit on wheels that fits in the space between your fridge and the wall. It’s really cool, and I made one for her. It’s so handy that I made another one for my shop. I can store cans and small containers of shop supplies, and I repurposed her spice rack for my most-used hardware.” — J.C. in Florida • “I have three girls and one bathroom, so there’s no way anyone gets “ready” in front of the bathroom mirror. Instead, all the girls have a hanging shoe rack on the back of their door for makeup and hair supplies, and a mirror on the wall.” — P.W. in Oregon • Stubborn stains in the toilet? Try dropping in a few denture tablets before going to bed, then scrub and flush in the morning Send your tips to Now Here’s a Tip, c/o King Features Weekly Service, P.O. Box 536475, Orlando, FL 32853-6475. © 2015 King Features Synd., Inc.

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September 11, 2014

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FAMOUS CANADIANS:

CHARLES FENERTY

• Charles Fenerty was born around 1820 in Sackville, NS, just north of Halifax. Fenerty's family owned 2,000 acres of farmland and timberland. Because there were many lakes in the area, it was the perfect spot for lumber mills. Charles grew up working on the family farm and helping out in the family saw mills. • By the time he became an adult, the demand for paper was far outstripping the supply. Back then, paper was still being made out of rags. Every time a new paper mill opened, they would put out a desperate plea for people to sell or donate old rags so they could be milled into paper. • Charles passed by a paper mill on his way to and from Halilfax. The paper mill was owned by a friend of his who also owned the local newspaper. Fenerty stopped in often to observe the operations of the paper mill, and he couldn't help but notice the similarities between the paper mill and the saw mill he worked in every day.

• In the paper mill, rags were boiled in water and then pounded or ground until they became a mass of fibers, which were then pressed, dried, and turned into paper. At Fenerty's water-powA husband and wife had been married for 60 years Tidbits ered saw mills, wood chips and sawdust landed and had no  secrets except for one: The woman kept Laughs in her closet a shoe box that  she forbade her huson the wet floor where they were ground underband from ever opening. But when she was on her neath people's feet until they also became a mass deathbed—and with her blessing—he opened the box of fibers. /tidbitsgf

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and found a  crocheted doll and $95,000 in cash. “My mother told me that the secret to a happy marriage was to never  argue,” she explained. “Instead, I should keep quiet and crochet a doll.” Her husband was touched. Only one doll was in the box—that meant she’d been angry with him only once in 60 years. “But what about all this money?” he asked. “Oh,” she said, “that’s the money  I made from selling the dolls.”

(Solution on Next Page)

• In 1841, Fenerty began to experiment with wood pulp, figuring out how to soak the wood, how to separate the fibers, how to squeeze out the extra water, how to dry it out, and how to bleach it white. He was perfectly suited for the task: he had grown up in a saw mill, he was surrounded by forests, and he had the time to spend on research.

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CHARLES FENERTY (continued): • Fenerty discovered that spruce made the best paper. The first paper Fenerty produced was probably very similar to modern day paper Answer: Dell. grocery bags. It wouldn't have been pretty, but VERY LARGE NUMBER it wouldAhave been suitable for use as news•print. Edward Kasner was a mathematician. In 1938 He later perfected the art of bleaching he was asked to come up with a name for a paper so it was white. very large number: the numeral one, followed • Inby1844 he wrote a letter to hishisfriend at the a hundred zeros. He asked two young newspaper announcing that he had found a nephews what name they would suggest. to make perfectly paper from •way Nine-year-old Miltongood suggested a pulped name wood. He enclosed a sample. Fenerty wrote out of the funnies. A cartoon strip character that the Barney sample was he had “whichchose is as named veryenclosed, popular. Milton Barney’s nameasforwhite, the number. firm in its last texture, and to all appearas announced durable as the wrapping pa•ances Kasner the common new name for the big per, made from hemp, cotton, or the ordinary number in his next book, altering the spelling. materials of manufacture, is actually composed • Sixty years later, Larry Page and Sergey Brin ofdeveloped spruce wood reduced to pulp, and subjected a new internet search engine. Other tosearch the same treatment as paper.” letter was engines searched each The webpage and rankedinthem according to how many times a printed the newspaper. specific term appeared on them, but Page and • Still, attention was paid to Fenerty's Brin little designed their search engine to searchprofor cess. He never patented his ideas and never the specific term and then find out how many pursued the were endeavor. In back Germany, links there that led to thatanother page, inventor was coming to the sameengine. conclusions, which resulted in a better search Friedrich Gotlob is usually credited •and They decided theyKeller needed a name that with being the the modern-day pareflected howinventor many of websites the search per making because he took the to engine wasprocess searching. They thetime name of Edward Kasner’s very large number, only patent his discoveries. they misspelled it slightly, so it ended up being • Pulped wood paper slowly began to be adopted spelled exactly the same way the cartoon by paper mills throughout theWhat’s U.S., character Barney spelled hisCanada, last name. and Europe. Fenerty lived long enough to see it called? (Answer at bottom of page) the very first wood pulp paper mill erected near COMPUTER FACTS his home town, and some say he even worked •there In 1981 Gates said, at “640 kb in of Sackville memory for aBill time. He died home ought to be enough for anybody.” of the flu at the age of 71. A monument in his •honor Moore’s Lawinstates that computer performance stands Sackville, but he never received doubles every 18 to 24 months, and much recognition aside from that. ever since 1971, this has been true. • Today CanadaMicrosoft, exports more pulped wood • HP, Google, and Apple were all products than any other country in the world. started in garages. Answer: Google, from googol.

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Quiz Answers

1. Old Navy 2. The Blue Light Special 3. Costco 4. Winn-Dixie

5. Lands' End 6. Six sides 7. 12 months 8. Alaska 9. Bedrock

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Sports Answers 5. Bernhard 1. Nolan Ryan Langer (17 in 1973, & 16 in 1991) 6. Jeff George, (1990 by Colts) 2. Six times (high of 52 in 1965) 7. Toronto Maple Leafs (13) 3. True 4. Eight

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