Tidbits of Grand Forks - January 15, 2014 by Tidbits of Grand Forks - East Grand Forks

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January 15, 2015

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Anytime. Anywhere. Any day... Sharon Opdahl, Agent Sharon Opdahl 2534 17th Avenue South Agent Grand Forks, ND 58201

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CHA-CHA by Kathy Wolfe

Tidbits is doing the cha-cha this week! We’re not just looking at that dance and a couple of others, we’re exploring all kinds of other words that begin with cha-. • Cha-cha music was first introduced in 1953 by a Cuban composer and violinist Enrique Jorrin. A French dance teacher Pierre Zurcher-Margolie visited Cuba to study their dance methods and devised the ballroom dance he dubbed the cha-cha. • The chaconne began as a lively spirited street dance in 16th-century Spain, but gradually transitioned into a slow majestic dance performed by courtesans by the 18th century. • The chasse dance movement consists of quick gliding steps with the same foot always leading. It’s commonly seen in line dancing, ice dancing, ballet, and in the ballroom. • It’s not very likely that the chamois you use to buff and polish your car came from a chamois. This goat-antelope species native to the mountains of Europe has hooked upright horns and grows to a height of about 31”. Because European law now prohibits the hunting of the chamois in order to preserve the species, modern car owners’ chamois are mostly made from the hides of deer, domestic goats, or sheep. Turn the page for more!

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CHA-CHA (continued): • Don’t confuse challis with chalice. Challis is a light clothing fabric of wool, cotton, or rayon, which usually has a printed design, while a chalice is a goblet most frequently used to hold drink in a religious ceremony, for example, the wine used in Communion. • Chantilly means different things to different people. To some, it’s a community of 11,000 inhabitants in France’s Chantilly Forest, 24 miles northeast of Paris. To others, it refers to the handmade bobbin lace made there beginning in the 1600s. This intricate lace is made from silk with complex flower patterns woven from continuous silk thread. For hundreds of years, the fabric was usually black and often used for mourning wear, as well as shawls, veils, and umbrella covers. In 1958, J.P. “The Big Bopper” Richardson released the charttopping song “Chantilly Lace,” which spent 22 weeks in the Top 40 and became the third mostplayed song of that year. The following year, the 28-year-old Bopper was tragically killed along with Buddy Holly in a plane crash while on a new tour. • Geoffrey Chaucer is widely known as the Father of English Literature, and is considered the greatest English poet of the Middle Ages. He is best known for The Canterbury Tales, a collection of 24 tales about a group of pilgrims traveling together from Southwark to Canterbury Cathedral. The tales were more than just stories – they represented a satirical picture of English society and the Church of England. In addition to his literary achievements, Chaucer was also a philosopher, alchemist, astronomer, and diplomat. Upon his death in 1400, he became the first poet to be interred in the Poet’s Corner of Westminster Abbey.

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CHA-CHA (continued): • If you’re having trouble sleeping, try brewing a cup of Anthemis nobilis, more commonly known as chamomile. It’s known to fight insomnia and act as a muscle relaxant. And just as Peter Rabbit’s mother gave him chamomile tea because he wasn’t feeling well, many claim that it eases a stomach ache. Some mothers put it in a baby’s bottle to reduce gum inflammation during teething. Others use it in cream form to relieve the pain of bug bites. However, chamomile is not for those allergic to ragweed, as the two are from the same plant family. • In 1609, French explorer Samuel de Champlain happened onto a lake situated near the presentday border between Canada and the United States, spanning across Vermont, New York, and Quebec. Lake Champlain is about 400 feet deep and was used as a water passage between the St. Lawrence and Hudson Valleys. Samuel de Champlain claimed that he saw a monster in the lake 5 feet long, “as thick as a man’s thigh, with silver-gray scales a dagger could not penetrate.” The explorer wrote that the monster had 2.5-ft. jaws with sharp and dangerous teeth. His story is backed up by claims of the Native Americans in the area. The monster tale has found its way into the naming of sports teams and mascots, most notably, the Vermont Lake Monsters and their mascot Champ, that state’s minor league baseball team. • During medieval times, knights protected the front of their war horse’s head with special armor, some which added hinged cheek plates. This armor was known as chamfron.

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MOMENTS IN TIME • On Jan. 23, 1775, London merchants petition Parliament for relief from the financial hardship put upon them by the curtailment of trade with the North American colonies. Most critical to the merchants' concerns were the 2 million pounds sterling in outstanding debts owed to them. • On Jan. 19, 1915, during World War I, Britain suffers its first casualties from an air attack when two German zeppelins drop bombs on Great Yarmouth and King's Lynn on the eastern coast of England. • On Jan. 20, 1937, President Franklin D. Roosevelt is inaugurated for the second time as president. The Constitution had originally set March 4 as the presidential inauguration date to allow the winner time to travel to the nation's capital. • On Jan. 25, 1949, the Academy of Television Arts & Sciences holds its first annual awards ceremony in Los Angeles. The now-famous award statuette "Emmy" was a feminized version of "immy," the shorthand term for the image orthicon tube that was used in TV cameras until the 1960s.

The History Channel

• On Jan. 24, 1956, Look magazine publishes the confessions of J.W. Milam and Roy Bryant, two white men from Mississippi who were acquitted in the 1955 kidnapping and murder of black teenager Emmett Till. In August 1955, on a visit to relatives, the 14-year-old Till had allegedly whistled at a white woman who ran a store. • On Jan. 21, 1977, President Jimmy Carter grants an unconditional pardon to hundreds of thousands of men who evaded the draft during the Vietnam War. Some 100,000 young Americans went abroad, with 90 percent going to Canada. The Canadian government had instructed border guards not to ask too many questions. • On Jan. 22, 1981, the final portrait of John Lennon and wife, Yoko, appears on the cover of Rolling Stone. The photo, taken 12 hours before Lennon was assassinated, shows a naked Lennon curled up in a fetal embrace with a fully clothed Yoko. Photographer Annie Liebowitz had been told by a Rolling Stone editor, "Please get me some pictures without [Yoko]." © 2014 King Features Synd., Inc.

CHA-CHA (continued): • We’ve all used chalk throughout our lives, but what exactly is chalk anyway? It’s a porous form of limestone, composed mostly of calcium carbonate. It usually forms underwater on the sea bed from the gradual accumulation of tiny calcite plates and marine organisms. England’s White Cliffs of Dover are the most famous deposit of chalk, although large quantities are also found in Denmark. Today’s blackboard chalk used in classrooms is actually a manufactured substance made from gypsum, which is calcium sulfate. Some chalk is formed from talc, which is magnesium silicate. • World-renowned fashion designer Gabrielle “Coco” Chanel came from very humble beginnings, born to a peddler and a laundress in 1883. When her mother died 12 years later, Chanel’s father put her and her two sisters into an orphanage run by nuns. They never saw him again. During her six years in the orphanage, Coco was taught to sew, a skill that shaped the remainder of her life. Before her clothing career, she was a nightclub singer, but in 1910, financed by her current love interest, she opened her first shop in Paris. In the 1920s, she introduced the legendary Chanel suit and the timeless “little black dress” as well as her signature Chanel No. 5 perfume. By 1935, her company had over 4,000 employees. TIME magazine has included Coco Chanel on their list of “The 100 Most Influential People of the 20th Century,” the only fashion designer to receive this honor. • There are about 22,000 species of chalcid wasps, but entomologist estimate there may be anywhere from 60,000 to 500,000 more species of this insect that are yet to be discovered. The tiny 3-mm chalcids are a friend to the gardener, acting as a natural method of controlling garden pests such as aphids and cutworms. A few old couples used to get together to talk about life and to have a good time. One day one of the men, Harry, started talking about this fantastic restaurant he went to the other night with his wife. “Really?”, one of the men said, what’s it called? After thinking for a few seconds, Harry said, “What are those good smelling flowers called again?” “Do you mean a rose?" the first man questioned. “Yes that’s it,” he exclaimed. Looking over at his wife he said, “Rose, what’s that restaurant we went to the other night?”

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BUSY. BUSY. BUSY. BUSY. BUSY. Sharon Opdahl, Agent Sharon 2534 17thOpdahl Avenue South Grand Forks, ND 58201 Agent Bus: 701-746-0495 sharonopdahl.com

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BUSY. BUSY. BUSY. BUSY. BUSY. Sharon Opdahl, Agent Sharon 2534 17thOpdahl Avenue South Grand Forks, ND 58201 Agent Bus: 701-746-0495 sharonopdahl.com

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On September 11, 1952, the first artificial aortic valve was installed in a patient in Washington, D.C. Come along with Tidbits as we take a look at the human heart!

Publish a

Anything else is a compromise

Issue # 884

wickpub@yahoo.com

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NOTEWORTHY INVENTORS:

PATRICIA BATH

Although the name Patricia Bath is not wellknown, her invention has provided sight to thousands of people around the world. Tidbits’ focus this week is on this brilliant ophthalmologist who was a pioneer in cataract surgery. • Patricia Bath was raised in Harlem by her father, an immigrant from Trinidad, and mother, who was a domestic worker. Her father, a part-time newspaper columnist and former merchant marine, was also the first African-American man to work as a motorman for the New York City subway system. Her mother saved her salary for her children’s education, and gave Patricia her first interest in science when she bought her a chemistry set. • Patricia became interested in medicine after studying the life of Dr. Albert Schweitzer and his ministry to lepers in the Congo. At age 16, she had already been invited to attend a cancer research workshop sponsored by the National Science Foundation. • After graduating high school in just two-anda-half years and receiving the National Science Foundation’s scholarship, she went on to a degree in chemistry followed by a medical degree, completing her residency in ophthalmology, the branch of medicine concerned with eye diseases and conditions. She was the first African-American to complete a residency in ophthalmology. • While involved in a fellowship at Columbia University, Patricia worked in the area of corneal transplants and keratoprosthesis, a procedure that replaces the human cornea with an artificial one.

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• While working at Columbia, Patricia noticed that African-Americans seemed twice as likely to suffer from blindness than other ethnicities she was caring for, as well as eight times more likely to develop glaucoma. Concluding that this was due to the lack of access to good medical care, Patricia Bath developed a community ophthalmology system for those unable to afford treatment. • A move to California brought her to a faculty position at the University of California as professor of surgery and ophthalmology, as well as a position at the UCLA Medical Center as the first AfricanAmerican woman surgeon. In 1977, she co-founded the American Institute for the Prevention of Blindness, an organization devoted to “protect, preserve, and restore the gift of sight.” • In 1981, Patricia began working on her famous invention, the Laserphaco Probe, and after years of research and testing, she received a patent for this device which uses a laser to vaporize cataracts through a 1-millimeter insertion into the patient’s eye. This enables the patient’s own lens to be removed and a replacement lens inserted in a nearly painless procedure. Her invention gave sight to individuals who had been blind for decades. • Patricia Bath is the first African-American female doctor to receive a medical patent. She continued work on the Laserphaco Probe and received additional patents on its innovations. In 2000, she was granted an additional patent for a method she developed for the use of ultrasound technology in the treatment of cataracts. Now in her 70s, Patricia continues to pursue her lifelong passion – the prevention, treatment, and cure of blindness.

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• The color chartreuse, a pale apple green halfway between green and yellow was named after a French liqueur made by Carthusian monks. This Roman Catholic religious order was founded by Saint Bruno in 1084 in the Chartreuse Mountains near present-day Grenoble, France, The monks began making the pale green liqueur in 1737 from distilled alcohol aged with 130 herbs, plants, and flowers, and it is still manufactured in their distillery today. Crayola added chartreuse to its box of crayons for the first time in 1972. • The fine wines of France are named for the region where they are produced. Chablis, which is a very dry white Burgundy wine, is produced near Chablis in north central France. The region’s cool climate produces a wine with more acidity and a less fruity flavor. Chablis is usually fermented in stainless steel tanks rather than oak casks. Chardonnay, from the Burgundy wine region of eastern France, is a green-skinned grape variety used to make a white wine with a more fruity taste of plum, citrus, and pear. The sparkling white wine champagne, is produced in Champagne in northeastern France. The rules of making champagne call for a second fermentation of the wine in the bottle which creates the carbonation. This is accomplished by adding additional yeast and rock sugar. A minimum of a year and a half is necessary to completely develop its flavor.

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into the Bay of Fundy at low tide, high tide in the bay is so extreme that it causes the water to reverse itself and flow from the bay back into the river. • It's been reported that famed chef Julia Child loved to eat corn chips with peanut butter. • You might be surprised to learn that out of the 362 episodes of "Alfred Hitchcock Presents" that were produced over the course of a decade, Hitchcock himself directed only 20. • Those who study such things say that the fastest-growing sport among high-school students in Minnesota is trap shooting. *** Thought for the Day: "These are bagpipes. I understand the inventor of the bagpipes was inspired when he saw a man carrying an indignant, asthmatic pig under his arm. Unfortunately, the man-made sound never equaled the purity of the sound achieved by the pig." -- Alfred Hitchcock

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• It was feminist and social activist Gloria Steinem who made the following sage observation: "Logic is in the eye of the logician." • Some historians claim that Moses had a stutter. • If you're like the average American, your vocabulary consists of roughly 45,000 words. • Despite the sound of the word, those who suffer from amusia do not have any impairment of their sense of humor; rather, they're tone deaf -- medically unable to hear or accurately reproduce relative pitch. • When the wildly successful 1965 film "The Sound of Music" was released in South Korea, one theater owner felt that the movie was too long. He took it upon himself to remedy the situation -- by cutting out all the musical numbers. • If you're planning a trip to the Canadian province of New Brunswick, you might want to include a stop to see the Reversing Falls of St. John. While the St. John River flows

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Sports Answers 4. 178 games 5. 303 points, in 1987 6. Antonio Brown (Pit) 1,698 yards

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Chandler Track 29 Chatelain Charlie Chaplin 5. 1981 6. Joey

7. Eric Clapton, 1974 8. Six (English, Arabic, Spanish, Chinese, French, and Russian) 9. Married With Children

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1. Le’Veon Bell, 1,361 yards 2. Florida Panthers 2010-11 season 3. True. 49ers over Chargers 49-26

MORE CHA-CHA (continued): • “Pardon me, boy, is that the Chattanooga Choo-Choo?” These are the opening words of the 1941 gold record recorded by Glenn Answer: Dell. Miller and his Orchestra. Featured in the 1941 A VERY NUMBER movie Sun ValleyLARGE Serenade, the song was No. on the Kasner Billboard for nine weeks, in• 1Edward wascharts a mathematician. In 1938 cluding December thewith day aPearl he was on asked to come7,up nameHarbor for a verybombed. large number: the numeral one,of followed was The song is the story a train by a hundred zeros.York He asked two young traveling from New City tohis Chattanooga. what name would suggest. Itnephews was nominated forthey an Academy Award that • year Nine-year-old Milton suggested a name for Best Song. out of the funnies. A cartoon strip character • The name Chattanooga comes from the Native named Barney was very popular. Milton chose American language, translating “rock coming Barney’s last name for the number. to a point,” which refers to nearby Lookout • Mountain, Kasner announced therock newformation. name for Tennesthe big an unusual number in his next book, altering the spelling. see’s fourth-largest city, Chattanooga was the • site Sixty later, LarryCivil Page War and battles Sergey –Brin of years three significant the developed a new internet search engine. Other Battle of Chickamauga, Missionary Ridge, search engines searched each webpage and and Lookout Mountain. ranked them according to how many times a • The legendary pioneeron Johnny specific term appeared them, butAppleseed Page and was Johntheir Chapman in Massachusetts Brinborn designed search engine to search for specific term andwas thenanfind out howperson many inthe1774. Chapman eccentric linksfrequently there weretraveled that ledbarefoot, back to dressed that page, who in which resulted in a better search engine. cast-off clothing, as he introduced apple trees • inThey decided they name that Pennsylvania, Ohio,needed Indiana,a Illinois, and reflected how many websites the search West Virginia. Although our image of Johnny engine wasis searching. took scattering the name Appleseed one of himThey randomly of Edward Kasner’s very large number, only seeds wherever he went, he actually planted they misspelled it slightly, so it ended being them in nurseries, constructing fencesuparound spelled exactly the same way the cartoon the area as protection from animals. He encharacter Barney spelled his last name. What’s trusted the(Answer nurseries to neighbors, it called? at bottom of page)revisiting the area every two years to check on it. The COMPUTER FACTS Museum is world’s only Johnny Appleseed • located In 1981atBill GatesUrbana said, “640 kb of memory Ohio’s University, which ought to be enough for anybody.” claims to have a tree believed to have been • planted Moore’sbyLaw states that computeran performance Chapman. However, Ohio farm doublesalso every 18 toto24have months, and ever since family claims the only surviving 1971, this has been true. tree on their property. • HP, first Google, and Apple were all • The nameMicrosoft, of the publisher of Tidbits of started in garages. Grand Forks - East Grand Forks is Chadwick. Answer: Google, from googol.

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