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Z “Z”

by Janet Spencer

January 1st is National “Z” Day, whose purpose is to give recognition on the first day of the year to people and places whose name begins with the letter Z and are always listed or thought of last. Come along with Tidbits as we consider Z!

“Z” FACTS • Z is the most rarely used letter in the English language. However, it’s more common in American English than it is in British English because Americans use word endings such as “-ize” instead of “-ise” (realize vs realise) and “-ization” instead of “-isation” (civilization vs civilisation). The American method of spelling is derived from Greek origins whereas the British spelling comes from the French language. • Why do Americans pronounce the letter as “zee” while Brits, Canadians, and others say “zed”? It harks back to the original Greek letter, “zeta” which came from the Old French “zede.” After Americans split from the British, a lot of language was re-formed as regional dialects gained a foothold. According to the Concise Oxford Companion, “The modification of zed to zee appears to have been by analogy with bee, dee, vee, etc.” Lye’s New Spelling Book (published in 1677) was the first to list “zee” as the “correct” pronunciation, and Webster followed suit in his dictionTurn the page for more! ary of 1827. Publish a We provide the opportunity for success!

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“Z” FACTS (continued): • During the Vietnam war when young American men were defecting to Canada, they often betrayed their American origins when asked to recite the alphabet by border guards. “Zed” is the only letter of the alphabet that Canadians pronounce differently from Americans. Call Us at 746-1800

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Quiz Bits

4. There are over 70 million items in the care of the Smithsonian. Approximately, how many of them 1. Zip codes were instigated by the are on display at any given time? post master in 1963. ZIP is an 5. What early version of a video acronym for what? game mesmerized TV viewers in 2. In 1975, 21 people were killed by the mid-1970s? a single bolt of lightning as they 6. What is Catbert’s title in the huddled together in a hut in this “Dilbert” comic strip? 7. What was Ray’s last name in the TV African country. Name it. series “Everybody Loves Raymond”? 3. Herds of this animal sleep in shifts,

with half staying awake to stand guard

while the other half sleep. Name it.

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ZINC, ZIEGLER, ZENO, & ZARB, ETC. • Mr. T. M. Zink of Iowa died in 1930 and left his $100,000 fortune to fund a womanless library. He specified that his daughter should receive $5 and his widow a single penny. The rest of the fortune was to be held in trust for 75 years, until the year 2005 when Zink’s womanless library would be funded. Signs reading “No Women Admitted” were to be posted above the doors, and no books or art by women were to be allowed. Fortunately, Zink’s family successfully contested the will. • In 1974 the Doublespeak Award for outrageous language went to Ron Ziegler, who was Pres. Nixon’s press secretary. When asked whether a certain bunch of Watergate tapes was still intact— a question that could have been answered with ‘yes’, ‘no’, or ‘I don’t know’— Ziegler used a colossal 99 word sentence that left everybody scratching their heads. During Watergate, Zielger said, “If my answers sound confusing, I think they are confusing because the questions are confusing, and the situation is confusing and I’m not in a position to clarify it.” • Greek philosopher Zeno in the year 264 B.C. suffered a broken toe and decided this was God’s sign that he had lived long enough. He killed himself, dying at age 98. • Florenz Ziegfeld of the Ziegfeld Follies once offered Gracie Allen $750 a week to appear in a show in London. Gracie asked how much the pay would be if her husband, George Burns, appeared too. “Five hundred,” was the answer.

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SPORTS QUIZ

4. How many consecutive seasons has Gonzaga’s men’s basketball coach Mark Few 1. Who holds the major league notched at least 20 wins? record for most career major 5. Who was the Washington league pinch-hit home runs? Capitals’ career points leader 2. Entering the 2013-14 NBA entering the 2013-14 NHL season, which player had season? the higher career free-throw 6. In 2012, the New England shooting percentage—Magic Patriots ended a record run Johnson or Kobe Bryant? for most consecutive games 3. How many CONCACAF played without their wonGold Cup soccer tournaments loss mark falling below .500. has the U.S. men’s soccer How many was it—88, 123, team won? 145 or 168?

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“Z” PEOPLE (continued): • The story goes that Greek painters Zeuxis and Parrhasius had a feud concerning who could produce the most realistic painting. Finally they agreed to a paint-off. Zeuxis painted a picture of a boy holding a bowl of grapes. It was so realistically done that birds came down to peck at the picture. Then Zeuxis asked Parrhasius to draw back the curtain covering the painting he had drawn. At this point Zeuxis realized that what he thought was a curtain covering a painting was actually a painting of a curtain covering a painting. Zeuxis had been able to fool the birds, but Parrhasius had been able to fool Zeuxis. • In 1975, Frank Zarb spent $25,000 and used 19,000 gallons of fuel flying around the U.S. to lecture on the need to conserve energy. He used a plush Air Force jet that burned enough fuel in one hour to supply the average American driver with enough gasoline to drive for an entire year. • A computer programmer working for a large bank wrote instructions to the main frame in which it was directed to deduct the odd cents below ten cents from every current account at the end of each month and credit it to the last account on record. The programmer then opened an account for himself under the assumed name of Mr. Zyglit. Things went fine for six months. Then a Polish immigrant legitimately named Mr. Zyzov opened a new account. When he went to the bank to ask them why so much money was being deposited in his account, an investigation was launched and the programmer arrested. • In a Greek myth, Zeus wanted to have an affair, so he convinced the nymph named Echo to divert his wife’s attention by involving her in conversation. When his wife found out about it, she confiscated Echo’s ability to talk and sentenced her to forever repeat the last words of whatever she heard.

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(701) 746-0083 • 1-800-279-7492 Place a number in the empty boxes in such a way that each row across, each column down and each small 9-box square contains all of the numbers from one to nine.

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A NEW FLOWER • In the 1700s a botanist was exploring Mexico, looking for new plants. When he found an interesting new flower, he gathered a sack full of the dried-out seed heads. Suddenly he was seized by bandits who thought his sack must be full of gold. When they opened it and found only a bunch of dead flowers, they were convinced he was an idiot, wandering through the desert with a bunch of dried plants. Because it was considered bad luck to murder the feeble minded, they let him go.

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• The flower seeds he was collecting were sent to Europe where they were cultivated. Later the flower was examined by another botanist named Johann, who was the director of the Botanic Garden of the University of Göttingen in Germany. He named the new flower after his last name, and they rapidly became a popular annual, cultivated in gardens worldwide. Johann died young, at the age of 32, but the flower spread quickly because they are easy to start from seed. A long-stemmed flower with a single head, they come in many colors, reseed easily, and attract butterflies. Today it is one of the most popular bedding plants. Can you guess the name of the flower that Johann named after himself? Answer at the bottom of the page. “Z” NAMESAKES • Karl von Zois was an Austrian botanist in the 1700s. He is the namesake of the grass now called zoysia. Zoysia makes great lawns because it grows sideways along the ground instead of up, so it needs less mowing. It tolerates drought, so it needs less watering.

SOLUTION

• An entomologist who had just discovered a new species of moth was determined to have the final word. He invented a name for the insect that guaranteed it the final spot in every dictionary in the world: Zyzzyx. Answer: Johann Zinn named the zinnia.

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i Nightime rainbows are common at Yosemite National Park. i Crackers are named for the crackling sound they make while baking.

NUGGET OF KNOWLEDGE The zorilla is the world’s smelliest animal. It looks like a cross between a weasel, a badger, and a skunk, and it lives in Africa. It’s a carnivorous animal that eats rats, snakes, and insects. It can discharge a fluid that can be smelled for a half mile radius and smells so horrible it will keep full grown lions at bay.

FAMOUS CANADIANS:

MORTIMER ZUCKERMAN

• Mortimor Zuckerman was born in Montreal, Quebec, on June 4, 1937. His parents, Esther and Abraham Zuckerman, owned a local neighborhood tobacco and candy store. His grandfather was an orthodox Jewish rabbi. Young Mort suffered a good deal of anti-Semitism as a child. From this humble beginning, however, he grew up to become a real estate tycoon, a media mogul, and one of the world’s richest men. • At the age of 16 he entered McGill University in Montreal, where he earned a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1957, followed by Bachelor of Civil Law degree in 1961. However, he never took the bar exam. He later declared, “I decided law was the exact opposite of sex; even when it was good, it was lousy.” He claims that the most important thing he learned in law school was “not to be afraid of lawyers.” • He transferred to the Wharton School at the University of Pennsylvania, and then went on to Harvard Law School. He remained at Harvard for nine years as an associate professor before transferring to Yale. Next, he spent seven years at the real estate firm of Cabot, Cabot & Forbes, where he eventually became senior vice president as well as chief financial officer. The company specializes in buying and developing trophy properties.

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• In 1980 he broke into the world of publishing when he bought the magazine The Atlantic Monthly where he served as chairman for nearly twenty years. When he sold the magazine for $20 million, while also selling the magazine Fast Company for $365 million, he quipped, “I averaged out!”

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• He often airs his political opinions on the Sunday morning talk show The McLaughlin Group. www.tidbitsgf.com

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Of Grand Forks • East Grand Forks

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Chadwick Parkinson 701-772-8239 wickpub@yahoo.com

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Medicare plans made simple. For more call Medica’s Center for Healthy at 1-800-906-5432. 8 a.m. For moreinformation, information, call Medica’s CenterAging for toll-free Healthy AgingSM toll-free atto 8 p.m CT, 7 days a week. TTY users, please call the National Relay Center at 1-800-855-2880. You must continue to 1-800-906-5432, 8 a.m. to 8 p.m. CT, 7 days a week. TTY users, please pay your Medicare Part B premium. Medica is a Cost plan with a Medicare contract. Enrollment in call Medica depends on contract renewal. Y0088_3450 CMS Accepted. You must continue to pay © 2013 Medica the National Relay Center at 1-800-855-2880. your Medicare Part B premium. Medica is a Cost plan with a Medicare contract. Enrollment in Medica depends on contract renewal. The History Channel Y0088_3450 CMS Accepted © 2013 Medica.

MOMENTS IN TIME

• On Jan. 9, 1776, writer Thomas Paine publishes his pamphlet “Common Sense,” setting forth his arguments in favor of American independence. Originally published anonymously, “Common Sense” is considered one of the most influential pamphlets in American history.

ests offered a $10,000 award to whoever accomplished the flight first. The next day, after traveling 2,400 miles in 18 hours, Earhart safely landed at Oakland Airport in Oakland, Calif. • On Jan. 7, 1959, just six days after the fall of the Fulgencio Batista dictatorship in Cuba, U.S. officials recognize the new provisional government of the island nation. Despite fears that Fidel Castro might have communist leanings, the U.S. government believed that it could work with the new regime.

• On Jan. 8, 1916, Rembrandt Bugatti, a sculptor and younger brother of Italian auto designer and manufacturer Ettore Bugatti, commits suicide at the age of 31. Bugatti’s sculpture of a dancing elephant was featured as a hood ornament • On Jan. 10, 1961, Dashiell Hammett, on a 1920s Bugatti Royale auto. author of “The Maltese Falcon,” dies. • On Jan. 12, 1926, the two-man ra- Hammett left school at age 13, evendio comedy series “Sam ‘n’ Henry” tually landing at Pinkerton’s detective (later named “Amos ‘n’ Andy”) debuts agency. He worked as a detective in Chicago. Freeman Gosden and for eight years and turned his experiCharles Carrell, both white, played ences into “hard-boiled” crime fiction. characters who were two black men • On Jan. 6, 1975, a crowd of 2,000from the Deep South. Over the next plus lines up outside Boston Garden 22 years, the show would become the to buy tickets to the rock band Led highest-rated comedy in radio history. Zeppelin. Someone pried open the • On Jan. 11, 1935, American aviator Amelia Earhart departs Wheeler Field in Honolulu on a solo flight to North America. Hawaiian commercial inter-

Garden’s locked doors around midnight, and soon hundreds of beerdrinking, bottle-throwing Led Zeppelin fans had the run of the arena.

MORTIMER ZUCKERMAN (continued): • Today, Zuckerman serves as the Chairman and Editor-in-Chief of U.S. News & World Report and is also the publisher of the New York Daily News. In addition, he is the founder and Chairman of Boston Properties, Inc., which is one of the largest real estate investment trusts in the United States. His personal net worth is estimated at $2.4 billion, ranking him high on the Forbes list of the world’s richest citizens. • He once suggested that a sure-fire way to lift the failing newspaper business would be to allow newspapers to take sports bets via their websites, saying, “Plenty of British papers do this; for them it’s a crucial part of their net revenue stream. I know a major newspaper in London that makes $15 million a year from sports betting alone.” • Zuckerman’s charitable trust fund fell victim to Bernie Madoff’s Ponzi scheme, though he swore to uphold all charitable obligations. Speaking about Madoff, Zuckerman, (himself a Jew) remarked that no one since Julius and Ethel Rosenberg (executed in 1953 for giving atomic secrets to the Soviet Union) “has so damaged the image and self respect of American Jews.” • Zuckerman, a naturalized American citizen, considered running for a New York senate seat in the 2010 elections, but eventually decided against it. In December 2012, Zuckerman pledged $200 million to endow the Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute at Columbia University. • He owns homes in New York City, East Hampton, New York, and Aspen, Colorado. He also keeps a 166-foot Oceanco Yacht called the Lazy Z and also has a personal jet, a helicopter, as well as an extensive art collection. • Barbara Walters once described him as one of the best dinner-party companions she’s ever known.

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STAR H MAP

by Linda Thistle

Draw a star in exactly 10 of the empty squares in the diagram below so that each numbered square accurately indicates how many immediately adjacent squares (horizontally, vertically or diagonally) contain a star.

Get a professional second opinion onTHE last MOST year’s return GETTING BACK with Second Look. STARTS WITH GETTING If you didn’t use H&R Block last year, bring in your return for a Second THEWeMOST EXPERTISE. Look Review. usually find a different result which can mean more

If you didn’t use H&R Block last year, bring in your return for a Second Look® Review. We usually find a ®different result which can mean more money for our clients. We’ll check for missed deductions to We’ll help make get the maximum refund you’re money forand ourcredits, clients. checksure foryou missed deductions and credits, entitled to to. help We’llmake also certify whether or not your original return is accurate.¶ sure you get the maximum refund you’re entitled to. We’ll

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AN ICE MACHINE

• Raised in Idaho, Frank headed to California to seek his fortune. A skilled mechanic, he designed refrigerator units to keep milk from local dairies cold. Then he provided railroads with block ice to keep produce fresh during shipping. By the 1930s, refrigeration technology was expanding, block ice was obsolete, and Frank needed a new line of work. He had all this refrigeration equipment on hand, so he decided to build an ice rink next to his ice plant. With 20,000 square feet of ice and room for 800 skaters, it was a hit. • But Frank dreaded resurfacing the ice. To smooth the ice, a tractor pulling a planer would drive across the ice. The planer scraped the ice; the shavings were swept up; water was sprayed, followed by a squeegee. Frank decided to design a machine to perform this tedious task. It took him ten years to come up with a functional model, which was completed in 1949. When renowned skater Sonja Henie saw it while practicing at his ice rink, she insisted on buying one to travel with her ice show. People everywhere were subsequently introduced to Frank’s invention, and ice rinks all over the country ordered their own. Frank wanted to name his firm the Paramount Engineering Company, but that name was taken, so he named it after his last name instead. By the time he died in 1988, his machines were being used all over the world. What’s it called?

by Samantha Weaver

Answer

Weekly SUDOKU

ANSWER: ZAMBONI • In the early days of the Zamboni, the inability of tires to get adequate traction on the ice was problematic. Frank Zamboni solved the problem by having tire casings re-treated with a mixture of rubber and crushed walnut shells. In the mid-1960s, the invention of steel-studded tires solved the problem for good.

Answer

kept a pet alligator in a White House bathroom. He reportedly was amused when unsuspecting guests had to make a trip to the loo. • I wouldn’t be surprised if you’ve never heard the word “pilgarlic” -- it’s not a term you hear every day. Its literal meaning is “peeled garlic,” but colloquially it was once used to describe a bald-headed person. • In the U.S. in 1900, imported perfume was taxed at a higher rate than imported opium. • If you are planning a trip to Hawaii, you might want to go to the Sea Life Park on Oahu. There you can see a rare creature: the wolphin. This cross between a killer whale and a bottle-nosed dolphin also reportedly exists in the wild, but I imagine they’re a bit more difficult to find. * * * Thought for the Day: “In any contest between power and patience, bet on patience.” -W.B. Prescott

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• It was noted wit Ambrose Bierce who defined an egotist as “a person more interested in himself than in me.” • If you could go back in time and sample a beer from the 1700s, you would find it to be significantly stronger than similar libations that are served today. The higher alcohol content helped the brew survive the long voyage from England to colonial India. • Those who study such things say that roughly half of American women remove hair from their bikini area. Perhaps unsurprisingly, as women age, they become less likely to keep up the shaving or waxing, with only 19 percent of women aged 50-plus doing so. In Brazil, though, the practice is far more widespread; there, 65 percent of women in the 50-plus age group reported bikini hair removal. • The average horse will produce 10 gallons of saliva every day. • Historians claim that President John Quincy Adams

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ZAMBONI (continued): • Frank Zamboni also invented the “GrasshopDEERE. JOHNtoDEERE. (continued): per” (a machine roll up artificial turf); the (usedin toIllinois fill in that dirt John on topno-of • “Black It was Widow” while living cemetery “Astro Zamboni” (deticed the vaults); problemsthethat farmers faced when attempting to till soil. Because area had signed to vacuum water fromthe Astro-turf); formerly beenCarrier” woodland, thetosoil rich and the “Vault (built lift was and carry with hummus, whichvaults). clumped and clung to heavy cement burial the blades of the plows farmers were accus• For his contributions to improving ice rinks, tomed to using. While repairing a broken cirFrank Zamboni has been upon inducted into He the cular J. saw, Deere stumbled an idea. U.S. Figure Skating Hall of Fame, the World employed his smith skills to fashion the steel Figure Skating Museum HallHeofaffixed Fame, blade into the shape of aand plow. the National Inventors Hall of Fame, and the two wooden spokes, then hitched the device U.S. of Fame. to aHockey horse. ItHall plowed the heavy Illinois soil like a charm. In fact, a farmer who happened ZAMBONI FACTS to be observing the test run immediately put • Before Zambonis were invented, it took sevin an order for his own John Deere plow. eral men an hour to resurface an ice rink. In short Deere gave up hisZambonis blacksmithin • • There are order, currently about 10,000 shop and focused on making plows. The use around the world. company grew steadily and added many em-

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• During winter Olympic in Salt ployees.the In the late 1840s, Johngames relocated the Lake City in 2002, there were 20 Zambonis entire operation to Moline, Illinois. Ashamed onofhand. his own lack of education, John sent his

to travels the state’s finest schools. One of • Achildren Zamboni an average of three miles his proudest days occurred when son Charles (4.8 km) during each hockey game, covering earned the equivalent of an MBA about 2,000 miles (3,218 km) per from year.Bell’s Commercial College in Chicago.

• Road & Track magazine determined that the • machine’s With his son managing the company, topCharles speed was 9.7 mph (15.6 km/ John found time to pursue philanthropic hr) and that the machine would go from 0in-to Hehour co-founded the First ¼terests. mile per in 93.5 both seconds flat. National Bank and the First Congregational Church.

• InHe 2001, Zamboni was driven frominthe east was aelected the mayor of Moline 1873, coast of Canada (St. John’s, Newfoundland) where one of his first actions – the replaceacross (Victoria, At ment to of the West city’s Coast open drains withB.C.). a sewer about nine m.p.h. (14countless km/hr), lives the 4,500 mile pipe system – saved by reduc(7,242 journey took four months. ing thekm) spread of disease. original John Deere logo, registered • • InThe 2000, the Zamboni was immortalized as in an 1876, depicted a deerboard that was native to in Afriauthentic Monopoly game token the ca. Thirty-six later, in 1912, it was reNHL version ofyears the game. placed with the image of a North American

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• When a Zamboni machine operator in the white-tailed deer. In the decades that folMidwest passed away, his funeral procession lowed, the now-familiar “outline” logo took was Zamboni machine. overled asby theasymbol of the John Deere brand.

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Some discounts, coverages, payment plans and features are not available in all states or in all GEICO companies. more details. GEICO and Affiliates. Washington DC 20076. GEICO See geico.com for more details. GEICO and Affiliates. Washington DC 20076. GEICO Gecko image © 1999-2013. Gecko image © 1999-2013. © 2013 GEICO.© 2013 GEICO.

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"Z," "Mortimer Zuckerman" and "Zamboni"

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