Tidbits December 12 Issue

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Of Grand Forks • East Grand Forks

December 12, 2013

Published by: Wick Publications • 701-772-8239

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Sharon Opdahl, Agent Sharon Opdahl 2534 17th Avenue South Agent Grand Forks, ND 58201

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Mrs. Jack Says...

NECKTIE

“Our Gift to You: STOREWIDE SALE!”

by Janet Spencer

The average American businessman spends four hours a year tying his tie. Come along with Tidbits as we find out facts behind the tradition.

THE WHYS OF TIES • Wearing bits of cloth around the neck dates back to time immemorial. In the days before laundromats were invented, strips of cloth were worn around the neck because it kept the collar of the shirt from getting dirty. It was far easier to wash a narrow strip of cloth than it was to wash the shirt. Bibs tied around the neck were worn at mealtimes to protect the shirt from spills. In the summer, a wet cloth around the neck kept the body cool. In the winter, it kept the body warm. Men sporting full body armor wore neck cloths to pad their neck from the hard metal. Cloths were worn around the neck to prevent sweat from running down the shirt, or to keep vocal cords warm. Later, strips of cloth tied around the neck became a symbol of class, rank, or station, whether by soldiers or students.

FAST FACT • Italian artist Enrico Baj creates works of art out of neckties by dipping them in plastic or gluing them to canvas. He comments, “Ties are a symbol of vanity and ostentation, rather like medals and decorations, although every so often I too am forced to wear one.” Turn the page for more!

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Quiz Bits 1.

2.

3.

4.

5. Approximately how many ties did Frank Sinatra own?

6. Where does the film “CasablanWhat percent of tie sales occur ca” take place? at Christmas?

7. What does an anemometer What percent of ties are purchased measure? around Father’s Day? 8. In the Bible, what was the name What percent of ties purchased of Moses’ wife? in America are actually bought 9. Name the duo that wrote and released the 1972 song “A Cowby women to be given as gifts to boy’s Work is Never Done.” men?

On average, how man ties does a TRIVIA typical man own?

?

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TIES THROUGH HISTORY • China’s first emperor, Qin Shih-huang-di, lived in 200 B.C. When he died he was buried in an underground mausoleum surrounded by 7,500 sculptured terra cotta soldiers. The tomb was uncovered in 1974. Archaeologists found that many of the individually carved soldiers sported knotted neck cloths-- the first known instance of the use of neckties.

• In the mid-1600s, a crack regiment of soldiers from Croatia visited Paris to celebrate their recent victory over Turkey. The soldiers held court with King Louis XIV, who was a fashion nut. For the occasion, each of the soldiers had tied a brightly colored scarf around their necks. Louis XIV liked the look and began wearing silk neck cloths himself, and the fashion rapidly spread. The French word for Croatia was ‘cravate,’ giving us today’s cravat.

• In 1715, another kind of neckwear, called “stocks” made its appearance. The term referred to a leather collar, laced at the back, worn by soldiers to help keep their head held high in a military bearing. The leather stock also offered the wearer some protection to the major blood vessels of the neck from the sharp edge of a sword or the tip of a bayonet.

• In England men used to wear a shirt collar which they tied together with string to keep the draft out. Eventually the string became larger and more elaborate, until it was a frill. Then the frill became increasingly more elaborate until it was a ruff instead of a frill until, by the time of Henry VIII, the ruff was so large it covered both of the shoulders.

• Neckties came to the forefront of fashion after World War II ended and soldiers returning home felt like dressing up with festive ties. Right after World War II there were over 600 companies making 200 million neckties per year.

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MACARONI & TIES • Before macaroni was well known, it was considered a specialty. Wealthy Englishmen who traveled to Italy often experienced their first macaroni, and then went home to Britain and began to serve the dish at their tables. Because the food was rare and unusual, the people who served it became known as ‘macaroni’ which meant fancy, uppity, or overly stylish; the type of people who wore fancy hats, big wigs, and white cravats tied in enormous bows. People living in America where there was less money and less fashion wore simpler clothing, and began to make fun of the Macaronis. Thus, when “Yankee Doodle went to London riding on a pony / Stuck a feather in his hat and called it macaroni” the unfortunate Doodle (German for ‘fool’) was taking on airs and pretending that a feather in his cap would make people think he was an upper class gent.

NECKTIE IMPROVEMENTS • Although a tie may look like a simple piece of cloth, it is actually a complicated piece of sewing joining four different strips of cloth. It was patented by Jesse “Joss” Langsdorf in 1920.

Langsdorf, known as the father of the tie, patented the ‘all-weather wrinkle-free’ tie. His patented pattern incorporated slip stitching running down the length of the back of the tie which ensured that the tie would return to its original shape when it was taken off. It also added resilience to the tie and prevented rips. Langsdorf also added various linings to the inside of the tie to increase bulk. One of the linings he used was rubber, thus inventing the supposedly ‘weatherproof’ tie.

POEM by Conrad Aiken “Stars in the purple dusk above the rooftops Pale in the saffron mist and seem to die, And I myself on a swiftly tilting planet Stand before a glass and tie my tie.”

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NUGGET OF KNOWLEDGE Betty Brown of St. Louis went to a bank for a $35 money order. However, the order was mistakenly made out for $1,000,035.

She took it back to the bank and was rewarded with a calendar and two neckties.

• To do this, they had an ophthalmologist study the retinal veins of a number of men. The pulsing of the retinal veins indicates whether or not the blood supply is circulating efficiently. He found that when the tie was half an inch (1.27 cm) smaller than the circumference of the man’s neck, the pulsing was no longer visible. This suggests that blood flow to the retina is decreased.

• Next they decided to find if most men wear their ties too tight. They picked 94 businessmen at random and found that 66% were wearing ties that averaged .2 inches (.48 cm) smaller than their necks. 12% had ties that were half an inch (1.27 cm) too small.

• Now they wanted to find out if decreased blood flow to the retina can impair eyesight.

They had men press a button when a blinking light started blinking so fast that it appeared to be a steady beam; and when it slowed down again to become distinguishable blinks. Each man was tested three times: the first and last times with a loose tie, and the second time with a tight tie. It was found that tight neckware slowed down the response times. Furthermore, their speed did not rebound after the tie was loosened.

• The researchers concluded that a too tight tie can impair visual perception and may harm the performance of computer operators, pilots, and others who need good visual discrimination.

FAST FACT The average tie is about 52 to 58 inches long.

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Of Grand Forks • East Grand Forks

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THE BIG SQUEEZE • One study showed that wearing a necktie may interfere with perceptual skills needed for job performance. Researchers at Cornell University set out to discover if the pressure of a tie that’s too tight might interfere with blood flow to the brain and eyes.

Chadwick Parkinson 701-772-8239 wickpub@yahoo.com

: i One million pieces of sporting equipment were used during the 2012 Olympics. i The flap of skin under a moose’s throat is called a bell.

WOMEN IN HISTORY:

BETTY ANNE WATERS

• Betty Anne Waters was born in 1955, one of nine children in a chaotic household in Ayers, MA. She was close to her brother Kenny.

When a neighbor was murdered in 1980, Kenny was questioned because he had a long history of petty infractions. Kenny had an airtight alibi: He’d worked all night at a local diner, and then had gone straight to the courthouse the next morning to face charges of assaulting a cop. Kenny was released. However, more than two years later, he was arrested and charged with the murder.

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• The family couldn’t afford a lawyer, but Kenny was certain he’d be exonerated. Yet things soon took a turn for the worse.

• Betty Anne Waters stopped in at the diner to make sure they still had his time card on hand that would prove his alibi. The secretary assured her that yes, the time card was still on hand, because the police had called in order to pick it up. When the trial started, however, the police said that no time card had ever existed.

Then, two people testified against Kenny.

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• The jury found Kenny guilty. In 1983 he was sentenced to life without parole. He was 29 years old.

• He soon attempted suicide. He begged his sister for help, asking her to become a lawyer so she could help prove his innocence. She promised to do so, as long as he promised not to attempt suicide again. Betty had no idea at the time how to even begin.

• She began by taking night classes at a community college, and then put herself through law school, all while raising two kids and managing a local pub. “It seemed like as long as I was doing something in school, Kenny was O.K.,” she said. It took her 13 years to get her law degree.

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MOMENTS IN TIME

• On Dec. 19, 1732, Benjamin Franklin of Philadelphia first published “Poor Richard’s Almanack.” The book, filled with proverbs preaching industry and prudence, was published continuously for 25 years and became one of the most popular publications in colonial America.

• On Dec. 17, 1843, Charles Dickens’ classic story “A Christmas Carol” is published. Dickens never lost momentum as a writer, churning out major novels every year or two, often in serial form. Among his most important works are “David Copperfield” (1850), “Great Expectations” (1861) and “A Tale of Two Cities” (1859).

scended from a long line of military men, Patton graduated from the West Point Military Academy in 1909.

• On Dec. 22, 1956, a baby gorilla named Colo enters the world at the Columbus Zoo in Ohio, becoming the first-ever gorilla born in captivity. She went on to become a mother, grandmother, and in 1996, a great-grandmother to Timu, the first surviving infant gorilla conceived by artificial insemination. Colo is still alive today.

• On Dec. 16, 1960, two airliners collide over New York City, killing 134 people aboard the planes and on the ground. A miscalculation by the pilot of the United flight put his plane directly into the path of a TWA Super Constellation. Christmas presents carried by the planes’ passengers were strewn all over the streets.

• On Dec. 18, 1912, after three years of digging in the Piltdown gravel pit in Sussex, England, amateur archaeologist Charles Dawson announces the discovery of two skulls • On Dec. 20, 1989, the United States that appear to belong to a primi- invades Panama in an attempt to tive hominid and ancestor of man. overthrow military dictator Manuel • On Dec. 21, 1945, Gen. George Noriega, who had been indicted in S. Patton, commander of the U.S. the United States on drug-trafficking 3rd Army, dies from injuries suf- charges. Noriega’s Panamanian Defered not in battle, but in a freak car fense Forces were promptly crushed. accident. He was 60 years old. De© 2012 King Features Synd., Inc.

BETTY ANNE WATERS (continued): • She searched for DNA evidence which had supposedly been destroyed, and met with witnesses who admitted they had lied on the stand. The turning point arrived in 2000, when she teamed up with the Innocence Project. Together they obtained access to DNA testing on evidence from the crime scene which they doggedly tracked down. The results proved Kenny’s innocence. He was released in 2001, having served 18 years for a crime he did not commit.

• Kenny moved in with his loyal sister, and together they had a blast doing chat shows, media interviews, even appearing on “Oprah.”

• Tragically, just six months after his release in 2001, Kenny took a short cut over a fence, tripped, and fell 15 feet on to concrete. Thirteen days later, with Betty by his side in hospital, he died.

• Even after his death, Betty continued her campaign on his behalf. It took her another seven years to track down the evidence that would prove the police had deliberately sent the wrong man to prison. Fingerprint evidence that proved Kenny’s innocence had been hidden. Two witnesses had been coerced into testifying against him. The town of Ayer settled a lawsuit for $3.4 million. In 2010, a movie called Conviction was made, with Hilary Swank playing the role of Betty.

• In the meantime, Betty returned to her regular life: managing a pub, tending her family.

She opted out of joining any law firm or starting a practice of her own. However, she does volunteer her time working for the Innocence Project, which works to exonerate the wrongfully accused. But the only time she’s returned to court was when the pub she works for had trouble renewing its liquor license. She won the case.

Tidbits of Grand Forks/ East Grand Forks is Locally Owned and Operated.

STAR H MAP

by Linda Thistle

Draw a star in exactly 10 of the empty squares in the diagram below so that each numbered square accurately indicates how many immediately adjacent squares (horizontally, vertically or diagonally) contain a star.

Get a professional second opinion onTHE last MOST year’s return GETTING BACK with Second Look.

STARTS WITH GETTING If you didn’t use H&R Block last year, bring in your return for a Second THEWeMOST EXPERTISE. Look Review. usually find a different result which can mean more

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Results will vary. If H&R Block makes an error on your return, we’ll pay resulting penalties and interest. If you are audited, we’ll explain your audit notice and the documentation you should provide to the auditor. ©2011 HRB Tax Group, Inc.

© 2013 King Features Synd., Inc.

Based on Second Look Reviews conducted 2009-2011. Fees apply for Second Look® reviews or if you have us prepare a corrected or amended return. Results will vary. If H&R Block makes an error on your return, we’ll pay resulting penalties and interest. If you are audited, we’ll explain your audit notice and the documentation you should provide to the auditor. ©2011 HRB Tax Group, Inc.

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MIRROR FACTS

• The symbol for a female - a circle with a cross on the bottom - is based on the hand-held mirror.

• Mankind has always had a feeling that there was a physical self (the body) and an “other” self (the spirit). In early days it was thought that the reflection of the body in a shiny surface or mirror was an expression of the spiritual self, and therefore if anything happened to disturb that reflection, injury would follow. This was the origin of the superstition that breaking a mirror would bring seven years of bad luck.

• In ancient China, reflective pieces of polished brass were placed over doorknobs to ensure that evil spirits would scare themselves away.

© 2013 King Features Synd., Inc.

• Ben Franklin mounted mirrors outside his second-story window so he could secretly see who was knocking at his door.

• In 1916, patent #1,180,758 was awarded to a fish hook with a mirror mounted behind it to serve as a sinker. Not only would the mirror flash and reflect light, thereby attracting fish, but also, (according to the patent application) “a male fish seeing his image upon looking therein will appear to see another fish approach it from the opposite side with the intent to seize the bait, and this will not only arouse his warlike spirit, but also appeal to his greed, and he will seize the bait quickly in order to defeat the approaching rival....In the case of a female fish the attractiveness of a mirror is too well known to need discussion.”

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Answer

Weekly SUDOKU

• Scientists unearthed frozen 30,000-year-old plant tissue from fossil squirrel burrows in northeaster Siberia. This would not be remarkable, except for what came next: Researchers thawed the seeds and planted them. The seeds germinated and grew, producing viable seeds of their own, making Silene stenophylla the oldest viable multicellular living organisms.

• If you die without any friends or family to attend your funeral, Amsterdam is apparently the place to do it. In that city, a civil servant will provide flowers and a poet will compose a eulogy in verse for those who would otherwise make an unaccompanied and unmourned final journey.

• If you leave a cold glass on a table, it’s likely to leave a mark.

The Italians (of course) have a word for that mark: cualacino. * * * Thought for the Day: “The secret of success is to know something nobody else knows.” -- Aristotle Onassis

Answer

• It was American author Erica Jong who made the following sage observation: “Advice is what we ask for when we already know the answer but wish we didn’t.”

• Jon Bon Jovi is probably best known for his eponymous ‘80s hair band, but he’s also quite a philanthropist, working on behalf of organizations including the Special Olympics, the American Red Cross and Habitat for Humanity. In 2011, the Jon Bon Jovi Soul Foundation opened a restaurant called JBJ Soul Kitchen, in which patrons pay only what they can afford, or can even volunteer in lieu of payment.

• Those who study such things say that all mammals, from rodents to elephants, urinate for approximately 21 seconds. This now is known as the “Law of Urination.”

• A poll conducted by Gallup determined that 42 percent of Americans believe that people are sometimes possessed by the devil.

King CROSSWORD

by Samantha Weaver

• When Roman ships began to attack the Greek city of Syracruse, mathematician Archimedes ordered the construction of a series of large concave mirrors which he placed in the sun on the shore. When their light was focused on the ships at sea, it suposedly set them on fire.

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MIRROR FACTS (continued): • A man named Alcide Chaisson got mad at piDEERE. JOHN DEERE. (continued): lots at California’s Crystalaire Airport inter• fering It waswith while living in Illinois thatatJohn nohis radio. In an effort revenge, farmers faced heticed tookthea problems four foot that mirror outside andwhen tried attempting to till soil.

Because the area their had to blind pilots by reflecting the sun into formerly been woodland, the soil was rich eyes. He was arrested. with hummus, which clumped and clung to • Athe middle Oregon was faced with a bladesschool of theinplows farmers were accusunique problem.

The girls were beginning tomed to using. While repairing a broken cir-to use lipstick and would apply it in cular saw, Deere stumbled upon an the idea.bathHe room.

After they put on their lipstick they employed his smith skills to fashion the steel would their lips of to athe mirrors leaving blade press into the shape plow.

He affixed dozens of littlespokes, lip prints. two wooden thenFinally hitchedthe theprincipal device to a horse. plowed the heavy decided that Itsomething had to beIllinois done. soil She like a all charm.

In fact, farmer who happened called the girls to athe bathroom and met to bethere observing the custodian. test run immediately put them with the She explained in an order for his own John Deere plow. that all these lip prints were causing a major theDeere custodian to clean • problem In short for order, gave who up hishad blacksmith the mirrors every day.

To demonstrate how shop and focused on making plows. The difficult it was clean the she asked company grewtosteadily andmirrors, added many emthe custodian tolate clean one John of therelocated mirrors.the He ployees.

In the 1840s, proceeded to taketo out a long-handled brush, entire operation Moline, Illinois. Ashamed of ithis own of education, his dip into thelack nearest toilet, and John scrubsent the mirchildren toprints the state’s finest schools. One of ror.

The lip disappeared. his proudest days occurred when son Charles • Managers like to use mirrors in lobbies because earned the equivalent of an MBA from Bell’s people complain less about waiting for slow elCommercial College in Chicago. evators if they’re busy primping while waiting.

• With his son Charles managing the company, • InJohn 1994, Russian orbiting in inthe found time toastronauts pursue philanthropic Mir spacecraft tried toboth reflect sunlight into terests.

He co-founded the First Nationnorthern areas of their country in an attempt al Bank and the First Congregational Church. toHe lengthen the short growing season.in 1873, was elected the mayor of Moline where one of hisLARGE first actions – the replaceA VERY MIRROR mentofofthe theworld’s city’s open drains withwas a sewer • One largest mirrors conpipe system – saved countless lives by reducstructed in 1997 by scientists at the University the spread of disease. ofing Arizona for the Large Binocular Telescope Mount Graham. mirror about 28 feet • on The original John The Deere logo,is registered in (8.4 meters) in diameter andwas cost $4 million 1876, depicted a deer that native to Afri-to make.

The mirror waslater, 2,156 (1180 ca. Thirty-six years in degrees 1912, it F. was rethefirst image a North c)placed when with it was castof and it tookAmerican three full white-tailed deer. In the decades that folmonths to cool. lowed, the now-familiar “outline” logo took Thanks for Reading over as the symbol of the John Tidbits!

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