Tidbits May 9 Issue

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May 9, 2013

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TIDBITS® INVESTIGATES THE

KENTUCKY DERBY

by Kathy Wolfe

And they’re off! Every year, the first Saturday in May marks “The Most Exciting Two Minutes in Sports,” the annual Kentucky Derby. Tidbits offers some fascinating facts about the “Run for the Roses,” a contest for three-year-old thoroughbred horses held every year since 1875.

• Construction on the racetrack now known as Churchill Downs was begun in Louisville, Kentucky in 1874. It was the brainstorm of Meriwether Lewis Clark Jr., the grandson of William Clark of the Lewis and Clark expedition. Clark leased 80 acres of land from his uncles John and Henry Churchill, and raised $32,000 for constructions costs by selling membership subscriptions to the track for $100 each.

M other ’ s • The first Kentucky Derby was held in May of 1875 before a crowd of 10,000 spectators.

D ay Fifteen three-year-old thoroughbreds poundMay 12th

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ed around the track and the contest was won by a chestnut named Aristides. The original race was 1.5 miles (2.41 km), compared to today’s 1.25 miles (2.01 km). Aristides accomplished the distance in just under 2:38.

In 1896 it was determined that 1.5 miles was too long a distance for three-year-old horses so early in the spring, and the race length was shortened. turn the page for more!

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KENTUCKY DERBY (continued): • When race fans showed up for the 1895 event, they were met by a brand-new grandstand featuring the Twin Spires. A 24-year-old draftsman designed the Spires, which have become a familiar landmark to the Derby crowd.

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• At a party hosted by a socialite following the 1883 Derby, all the ladies were presented with roses. Track founder Meriwether Lewis Clark Jeff Theige R.Ph. Park Mall • 1395 S.S. Columbia Road • •746-1800 Theige, R.Ph. Med Med Park Mall • 1395 Columbia RoadRoad 746-1800 JeffJeff Theige, R.Ph. Med Park Mall • 1395 S. Columbia • 746-1800 was in attendance and it’s believed he conceived the idea of declaring the rose the race’s Complete hearing aid care official flower from that experience. But it • Advanced Digital Technology wasn’t until 1896 that a bouquet of pink and • FREE Hearing Evaluation • 60 Day Hearing Aid Trial white roses was first presented to the winner, • Service Most Makes and it was 1932 before the garland of roses we see today was introduced. The term “Run for the Roses” was coined by a sports columnist in 1925. The blanket of roses bestowed upon 2514 S. Washington • Grand Forks the owner of the winning horse is composed Hours: • Mon-Fri 9-5 • Sat 9-1 of more than 500 red roses sewn onto a green 746-7000 • 1-800-658-3442 • www.wakefieldhearing.com satin backing. In addition, the jockey receives 6. What year did Paul McCartney’s 60 long-stemmed roses wrapped in 10 yards new band Wings make their of ribbon. Owners frequently have the garland debut?

1. In what century did the Industrial 7. What is the chief ore in aluminum? of roses freeze-dried to preserve it, and some Revolution begin?

8. As far as technology goes, what even have a flower dipped in silver in com2. What kind of bird is a harrier? does a baud measure?

3. Who is actress Shirley McLaine’s 9. Name the group that had a hit in memoration of the win.

Quiz Bits

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• The two-minute mark has only been broken three times in Derby history, the first time in 1973 by the famed Secretariat. Nicknamed “Big Red,” the chestnut finished the course in 1:59.40, a record that still holds today as the fastest time ever. The second horse to finish in under two minutes was just a length and a half behind Secretariat. Sham, who was Secretariat’s dark brown half-cousin, had hit his face on the starting gate and knocked out a tooth.

Although he bled severely throughout the race, Sham came in about one-fifth of a second behind the winner. The Derby was without an under-two-minute winner until 2001 when Monarchos finished in 1:59.97.

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4. Golfer Tiger Woods set a record of consecutive tournaments without missing a 1. How many Kentucky Derby cut. How many was it— winners have sired another 98, 116, 131 or 142? winner?

5. LeBron James recently won 2. What was the age of the his fourth NBA regular seayoungest Kentucky Derby son MVP award. Name the winning jockey? other four players to have 3. Who was the last starting won it at least four times. pitcher before Detroit’s Justin 6. T or F: Harmon Killebrew is Verlander in 2011 to win the the only Twins player to hit Cy Young Award and the 40 or more home runs in a Most Valuable Player Award season since they arrived in in the same season?

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• During the early 1900’s, owners of Derby-winning horses began sending their thoroughbreds to Maryland’s Preakness Stakes and the Belmont Stakes in New York. Although it wasn’t officially called the “Triple Crown” until 1930, the first winner of all three races was in 1919, a chestnut named Sir Barton. There have only been 11 Triple Crown winners, including Secretariat, who took the prize after a 25TRIVIA year drought, setting records in all three races. There NEWSFRONT ANSWERS were back-to-back Triple Crown winners in 1977 (Seattle Slew) and Affirmed in 1978. There hasn’t 1. Eurythmics been one since.

• On those occasions when two or more horses are in a Casper, the Friendly Ghost dead heat3. and it’s impossible to see which crossed the line first, a “photo finish” is needed to determine the 4. William Shakespeare winner. The first time this was used at the Kentucky 5. in Freddy Krueger Derby was 1947, when a photo at the finish line concluded that Jet Pilot was the winning horse.

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• For almost 100 years, the mint julep has been the traditional beverage of the Derby. Each year, 120,000 juleps are served on Derby Weekend at Churchill Downs, requiring more than 10,000 bottles of Early Times Kentucky Whiskey, 1,000 lbs. (454 kg) of fresh mint, and 60,000 lbs. (27,215 kg) of ice. Spectators can expect a price of $11 per glass. Along with the juleps, a thick stew called Burgoo is traditionally served, a concoction of a mixture of meats, including pork, beef, chicken, and mutton, along with vegetables and barbecue sauce.

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KENTUCKY DERBY (continued): • In 1932, an 18-year-old jockey named Eugene James rode Burgoo King to victory at both the Derby and the Preakness. Sadly, just a year later, the young athlete drowned in Lake Michigan.

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• The 1944 Derby winner was named Pensive and the victor in 1949 was Ponder. What was unusual about these two steeds? Pensive was the sire of Ponder and both horses won the Derby with the exact same time, 2:04.20.

Ponder went on to sire the 1956 Derby winner, Needles.

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• Until 2005, only the first four finishers received a share of the Derby’s purse money.

The rules were then changed to award a potion to the fifth-place winner as well.

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Tidbits Laughs Spoken by the owner of a losing horse: “It would have been a photo finish, but by the time my horse came in, it was too dark to take a picture.”

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• The Derby has had a number of notable firsts.

It was broadcast live on the radio for the first time in 1925, with the first national television coverage occurring in 1952. The size of the purse topped the $100,000 mark for the first time in 1954. (This year, the purse will be $2,180,000, with $1,240,000 of that amount awarded to the winner.) In 1968, Dancer’s Image became the first winner to be disqualified after traces of drugs were found in its system. The Derby’s first woman jockey was Diane Crump who rode Phantom in 1970. Diane came in 15th out of 17. Jockeys were allowed to wear advertising logos on their silks for the first time in 2004.

• More than 165,000 people attended the 2012 Kentucky Derby, setting an attendance record. Tickets can be had for as little as $80 for general admission or as much as $5,000.

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FAMOUS WOMEN OF THE WORLD:

ROSA PARKS

Often referred to as “The Mother of the ModernDay Civil Rights Movement,” Rosa Parks was one of the most influential leaders in AfricanAmerican history. Let’s learn more about this courageous woman who championed the cause for desegregation.

• Born in Alabama to a carpenter father and a teacher mother, Rosa was a sickly child who was raised on her grandparents’ farm following the separation of her parents. Home-schooled until the age of 11, Rosa then attended the Industrial School for Girls in Montgomery. At age 21, she married a barber named Raymond Parks, and finished her uncompleted high school diploma.

• Segregation in the South called for separate restrooms, drinking fountains, and seating areas on public transportation. The first four rows of city buses were “Whites Only,” with blacks forced to sit at the very back. If the bus was full when a white person boarded the bus, blacks were made to move, stand, or get off the bus.

Blacks were also not allowed to sit across the aisle from a white person, and had to enter the bus from the back so as not to walk past a white at the front.

• When Rosa landed a job at a local department store, she rode the city bus to and from work each day. On a December day in 1955, as she was headed for home, she boarded the bus and took a seat in the 11th row, the first row of the section reserved for blacks. The bus filled up and three whites were standing. The driver demanded that four black people give up their seats. Three black men moved, but Rosa slid over to the window seat, refusing to surrender her place.

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• It was Founding Father Thomas Jefferson who made the following sage observation: “The tax which will be paid for education is not more than the thousandth part of what will be paid to kings, priests and nobles who will rise up among us if we leave the people to ignorance.”

• Half of all the world’s flower species can be found in South America.

• If you’re worried about catching a cold from another person, you should be more worried about handshakes than sneezes.

• The Hula Hoop was introduced in the United States in early 1958, and the craze rapidly became one of the biggest in history up to that time.

Shortly thereafter, the British Medical Journal blamed an uptick in back, neck and abdominal injuries on the fad.

• Though there are an estimated 600,000 words in the English language, only 1,500 to 2,000 words make up 99 percent of all speech in America.

• In some parts of Asia, it is the custom to put salt in one’s tea.

• If you’re of a certain age, you might remember that in 1968, Tommy James and the Shondells had a No. 3 hit with the song “Mony, Mony.” You might be surprised to learn, though, that the inspiration for the song came from the business world. On Broadway in New York City, atop the 40-story building that housed the Mutual of New York Insurance Company, also known as M.O.N.Y., Tommy James often saw a huge neon sign flashing the short form of the company’s name. He evidently liked the way it sounded.

• Those who study such things say that explorer Christopher Columbus had blond hair. * * * Thought for the Day: “No sacrifice is worth the name unless it is a joy. Sacrifice and a long face go ill together.” -- Mahatma Gandhi

© 2013 King Features Synd., Inc.

ROSA PARKS (continued): • The police were called in and Rosa was arrested for violating city code and disorderly conduct. The ironic part was that she had not technically broken any law. The law in place for over 50 years stated that no passenger could be forced to give up a seat or stand on a crowded bus. Her 30-minute trial declared her guilty, penalizing her with $14 in fines and court costs.

• Within four days, a boycott of Montgomery’s city buses was in place, organized in part by Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., who declared, “…it is more honorable to walk in dignity than ride in humiliation.” More than 90% of the city’s black residents refused to ride the buses. Carpools were set up, with those who owned vehicles volunteering their services.

Because 75% of bus customers were black, the finances of the public bus companies plunged. Yet it still took 381 days for agreement to be reached on the end of segregation.

• Rosa later moved to Detroit, where she worked for a U.S. Congressman until age 75. In 1992, she published her autobiography. Rosa was the recipient of 20+ honorary doctorates from universities around the world. She was awarded the Congressional Gold Medal and the Presidential Medal of Freedom, which is the highest honor that can be bestowed upon a civilian. Time magazine designated her as one of the 20 most influential figures of the 20th century.

STAR H MAP Draw a star in exactly 10 of the empty squares in the diagram below so that each numbered square accurately indicates how many immediately adjacent squares (horizontally, vertically or diagonally) contain a star.

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JUST JOCKEYS With the recent running of the Kentucky Derby, it seems like a good time to take a look at a few of the greatest jockeys of all time. Follow along and pick up a little knowledge about these legends.

Moments in time • On May 16, 1717, French writer Francois-Marie Arouet, better known as Voltaire, is imprisoned in the Bastille. His satirical attack on politics and religion had infuriated the government, and Voltaire was arrested.

Several times in his life, Voltaire was forced to flee one step ahead of arrest.

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had ensured that mandatory gasoline rationing was in effect in all 50 states.

• On May 17, 1954, the U.S. Supreme Court hands down a unanimous decision in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, ruling that racial segregation in public education is unconstitutional. The decision dealt • On May 18, 1861, the Humboldt with Linda Brown, a young black Times newspaper casts first lady girl who had been denied admisMary Todd Lincoln in an unflatter- sion to her local elementary school. ing light when it recounts a tale of • On May 19, 1967, one of the first how Mrs. Lincoln had usurped her major treaties designed to limit the husband’s presidential duty of ap- spread of nuclear weapons goes pointing federal offices. According into effect as the Soviet Union ratito the report, Mary Todd Lincoln fies an agreement banning nuclear took it upon herself to appoint a weapons from outer space. The stranger to any office he desired. United States, Great Britain and sev• On May 14, 1916, a lead article in the eral dozen other nations had already Times of London proclaims that an in- signed and/or ratified the treaty. sufficiency of munitions is leading to • On May 13, 1981, Pope John defeat for Britain on the battlefields of Paul II is shot and wounded at St. World War I. The article prompted the Peter’s Square in Rome by Turkcreation of a Ministry of Munitions. ish terrorist Mehmet Ali Agca. Agca • On May 15, 1942, gasoline rationing claimed that he had planned to begins in 17 Eastern states as an at- go to England to kill the king, but it tempt to help the American war effort turned out there was only a queen during World War II. By the end of the and “Turks don’t shoot women.” year, President Franklin D. Roosevelt

• Two jockeys share the record for the most Derby wins, Eddie Arcaro and Bill Hartack, each with five. Arcaro was the first to accomplish this feat, with his first win in 1938 at age 22, followed by victories in 1941, 1945, 1948, and 1952. Arcaro is also the record-holder for the most American classic race wins, and the only rider to win the Triple Crown twice. He triumphed in 17 Triple Crown races, including the five Derbys, and six each in the Preakness and Belmont Stakes. As a small youth, rejection for a spot on the baseball team pushed him to excel in a different area. He stood just 5’2” (1.6 m) when fully grown. At the 1959 Belmont Stakes, Eddie seemed destined for his 7th win, but his horse fell and Eddie was thrown into a large puddle of water and was narrowly saved from drowning. Riding helmets had very recently been introduced to the sport and Arcaro claimed his had saved his life. His lifetime record was 4,779 wins.

• Bill Hartack won his first Kentucky Derby in 1957 at age 24. He was favored to win the next year, but just two weeks before the Derby, he broke his leg and another jockey rode the horse Tim Tam, who won the race. Hartack was the nation’s leading jockey four different times, and was the first to attain $3 million purse winnings in a year.

© 2013 King Features Synd., Inc.

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JUST JOCKEYS (continued): • Standing just 4’11” (1.5m) tall and weight 96 DEERE. JOHN DEERE. (continued): lbs.

(43.5 kg), Willie Shoemaker was just 17 • when It was while living in Illinois nohe rode a horse in a race forthat the John first time. ticed thehe problems facedrace, when Although finishedthat fifthfarmers in that first by attempting to till soil.

Because the area had his third race, he was in the winner’s circle. formerly been woodland, the soil was rich By week two, he had won seven races. He with hummus, which clumped and clung to won his first Kentucky Derby in 1955 at age the blades of the plows farmers were accus23, and his secondWhile four years later.

It would be tomed to using. repairing a broken cirsix years before his next Churchill Downs viccular saw, Deere stumbled upon an idea. He tory, but Willie wasn’t finished yet. the Twentyemployed his smith skills to fashion steel one years later in 1986, Shoemaker his blade into the shape of a plow. He won affixed fourth and final Derbythen at age 54, making him two wooden spokes, hitched the device the Derby winner history.

Although to oldest a horse.

It plowed theinheavy Illinois soil fact, a Crown farmer who helike hada charm. won 11InTriple raceshappened over the to be observing the test decades run immediately put course of four different – four Derin an order for his own John Deere plow. bys, five Belmont Stakes, and three Preakness – he never achieved thehisCrown itself.

• Stakes In short order, Deere gave up blacksmith He set aand world recordon with 8,833 winning racshop focused making plows. The grew steadily addedfeat many es,company and accomplished theand amazing of emwinployees.

In theinlate Johndifferent relocatedtimes the ning six races one1840s, day, six operation to Moline,retired Illinois. inentire his career.

Shoemaker in Ashamed 1990 and of his own lack of education, John sent his tragedy struck just one year later when his children to the state’s finest schools.

One of vehicle plunged off a 50-foot embankment, his proudest days occurred leaving him paralyzed fromwhen the son neckCharles down. earned the equivalent of an MBA from Bell’s He still managed to succeed as a horse trainer Commercial College in Chicago. until 1997.

• With his son Charles managing the company, • Steve is to thepursue last jockey to win inthe John Cauthen found time philanthropic Triple Crown, a feat achieved 1978Nationastride terests.

He co-founded both theinFirst the horse Affirmed.

He was also the youngal Bank and the First Congregational Church. estHejockey to takethe themayor title –ofCauthen been was elected Moline had in 1873, 18where less than a week when he won the Derby. one of his first actions – the replaceAtment 19, of he the became first jockey $6 city’s the open drains withtoa win sewer pipe system – savedseason. countless by reducmillion in a single Yetlives he rode in the ing the spread of only disease.

Kentucky Derby once! Because he had trouble meeting U.S. weight requirements, he • The original John Deere logo, registered in moved to England where weight restrictions 1876, depicted a deer that was native to Afriwere higher, and he later, went inon1912, to become the ca. Thirty-six years it was replacedChampion with the image ofthree a North American British Jockey times. white-tailed deer. In the decades that followed, the now-familiar “outline” logo took Thanks for Reading Tidbits! over as the symbol of the John Deere brand.

Information in the Tidbits® Paper is gathered from sources considered to be reliable, but the accuracy of all information cannot be guaranteed.

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