Tidbits of Grand Forks - January 27, 2022

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Of Grand Forks • East Grand Forks January 27, 2022

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Issue # 1,255

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DOGS

by Janet Spencer

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Come along with Tidbits as we explore the bond between humans and dogs!

PEOPLE & POINTERS

• One researcher tested the ability of three different mammal species to understand a simple human gesture: pointing. First with chimps, then with wolves, and finally with dogs, he placed a treat underneath a cup, with an identical cup next to it with no treat. He would then point to the cup with the hidden treat. Chimps were unable to understand the gesture; so were wolves. But more often than not, dogs understood the clue and went for the hidden treat with a high degree of success. Why is this?

The theory was that because dogs have lived alongside humans for ages, whereas chimps and wolves have not, they have an innate understanding of human communication methods hardwired into their DNA. • However, when the same experiment was David Kent repeated first among wolves who had been 2534 17th Ave. S. Grand Forks raised by humans, and then with shelter dogs 218-779-5458 who had very little contact with humans, the dkent@nodakins.net results changed: the wolves understood, while the dogs did not. When dog trainers worked with the shelter dogs in a deliberate attempt to teach them the meaning of a point, they were Say hello to Liberty and we’ll work to get y able to learn it usually with only 30 minutes of biggest refund possible as fast as poss training or less.

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Quiz Bits

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6. Name the most common health problem of American dogs.

7.

What is the name of the dog Approximately how many dogs in “Call of the Wild? are alive in the world at any 8. What band sang the song, given time?

“Who Let the Dogs Out”?

Of those, how many are kept 9. What decade did the Disney as pets? classic “Old Yeller” debut in The average shelter dog has the theaters?

DNA of how many breeds?

10.

What was the family dog’s What percent of shelter dogs name on TV’s “The are purebred?

Brady Bunch”?

Humans have 32 teeth; how many do dogs have?

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DOGS (continued):

• In one experiment, researchers set up two loudspeakers an equal distance from where a series of test dogs were positioned. One speaker played the pre-recorded sound of a baby laughing for 20 seconds; the other played the sound of a baby crying for 20 seconds. Then the dogs were released to see which of the speakers they were most likely to approach. Virtually all the dogs tested approached the sound of the baby crying.

• In a similar experiment, real people were positioned in front of dogs, either crying or humming. When the dogs were released, they investigated the crying people far more often than the people who were humming. Furthermore, when dogs were given the choice of approaching either a crying stranger or their owner who was crying, they generally chose the crying stranger.

• A team of researchers trained dogs to lie still while inside an MRI so scans could be taken of their brains. They discovered that the area that lights up when humans are exposed to something pleasurable is duplicated in a dog’s brain.

Next they wanted to find out what sort of items a dog found most pleasurable. They exposed each dog to a series of cloths that smelled of different things: its own body smell, the odor of its owner, the smell of a stranger, a familiar dog, and an unfamiliar dog. The answer was invariably that the dogs preferred the cloth that smelled like their owner.

• The bones of a dog uncovered a century ago in a quarry near Bonn, Germany, were carbon dated at 14,223 years old. This may be the first instance of a domestic dog rather than a wolf, because the state of the enamel on the dog’s teeth showed that the creature had suffered from the disease called distemper, and had survived the illness.

This could only have happened if it were being cared for by humans. ...continued

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SPORTS QUIZ 1. Both NFL No. 1 seeds (Titans & Packers) lost in this year’s divisional round for the first time since 2010. Who were the 2 teams that lost that year?

2. The most points scored by and NFL team in a Conference Championship game is 51 points. What team was it?

3. What is the least amount of points scored by one team in a Super Bowl game?

4. What NFL franchise played its first season in 1967 but did not have a winning campaign until it finished 12-3 in the strikeshortened 1987 season?

5. What New York Yankees lefthanded pitcher was named AL Rookie of the Year in 1981 and threw a no-hitter on July 4, 1983?

6. An Olympic gold medal is made mostly of what metal— silver, nickel, gold or copper?

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DOGS (continued):

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• Researchers analyzed the DNA of 912 domestic dogs and 225 wolves, searching for genetic differences. They isolated a set of three genes responsible for social traits including extreme gregariousness. Domestic dogs had one, two, or all three of these genes, and their friendliness correlated to the number of those genes that they had. Wolves, however, had none of these genes. Wolves removed from their mothers at the earliest possible time after birth and raised by humans will not bond to humans in the same way a domestic puppy bonds with its owners, because wolves are missing these genes. Interestingly enough, humans are sometimes born with these three genes, which cause a genetic disability called Williams syndrome. One of the symptoms of Williams syndrome is extreme friendliness.

• A tombstone some 4,000 years old uncovered in Egypt in 1935 was dedicated to a dog. It said, “The dog which was the guard of His Majesty.

Abuwtiyuw is his name. His Majesty ordered that he be buried, that he be given a coffin from the royal treasury, fine linen in great quantity, incense.

His Majesty gave perfumed ointment and ordered that a tomb be built for him by the gang of masons.

His Majesty did this for him in order that he might be honored.”

• This tombstone represents one of the earliest documented domestic animals whose name is known.

The dog is believed to have lived in the Sixth Dynasty (2345–2181 BC), and received an elaborate burial in the Giza Necropolis at the request of a pharaoh whose name is unknown. Abuwtiyuw was likely a sighthound, a hunting dog similar to a greyhound. His tomb and his mummy have never been found. The tombstone was discovered near the Great Pyramid of Giza in a heap of stones scavenged from old projects to be used in new projects. ...continued

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Charles Darwin was gone from home for five years as he sailed around the world, leaving his beloved dog Pincher behind with his sister. When he returned after a five year absence, he walked down to the kennel where Pincher was and called out to the dog, who came out of the kennel and followed along after him exactly as in old times, as if Darwin had been gone mere days instead of years.

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DOGS (continued):

Handyman • Off the coast of Melbourne, Australia, there’s a Service small island that’s home to a species of penguin called little penguins, because they stand only a foot tall. The colony is located just 60 feet offshore. Normally there’s 60 feet of water protecting them from mainland predators, but sometimes bergercontracting@gmail.com Grand Forks, ND shifting sands form a sand spit allowing predators Commercial Snow Removal, to cross to the island. In 2004, marauding foxes Handyman • Commercial Snow Removal • Repairs • Remodel • Doors Handyman Services, Equipment Rental with Operator Windows & More • Call Today for a FREE ESTIMATE! plundered the island, killing all but six of the 800 Grand Grand•Forks, Forks, ND bergercontracting@gmail.com ND bergercontracting@gmail.com birds. The locals were upset. Then a farmer mentioned that his free-range chickens had been killed by foxes until he trained a Maremma dog (similar to a Great Pyrenees) to guard them. He suggested Shop a wide range of items like adult that dogs could be trained to protect the penguins. and kid’s clothing to furniture The first dogs failed because they got lonely for in a clean & organized store. humans and ran away from the island to go home.

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701-772-0041 • Hrs: M-W 9-5, Th-Sat 9-3 • One experiment involved raising litters of puppies in isolation from humans. Each week several of the puppies would be taken indoors to play with humans for 90 minutes before being returned to their litter: two pups would be taken out when they were a week old; two different pups when they were two weeks old; continuing all the way up until they reached the age of 14 weeks. Each of the puppies therefore received a single 90-minute interaction with humans. When they reached the Full-Time age of 14 weeks, all of the puppies were tested to see how they reacted to humans. Even though Custodian their exposure to people had been very limited, alAfternoon/Evening Shift most all of the dogs were happy to interact with Monday-Friday humans. However, the puppies whose exposure to people had come when they were 7 weeks old had the strongest bond with humans. Those who did not spend time with humans until they were 14 Contact Discovery Elementary office at weeks old were not able to be tamed at all.

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*Answer located further back in this issue.

If you're in school and were about to lose half of your VA education housing benefits at the end of last month due to remote classes, you're safe. Congress pushed through the REMOTE (Responsible Education Mitigating Option and Technical Extensions) Act, and it's going to cover you for the next six months.

The problem has been attending classes in person versus taking classes remotely. If you typically attend via remote classes, your housing allowance was always half that of in-person students. The pandemic landed, and with that colleges and schools went remote last year, which threatened to halve the benefit money of in-person students forced into remote classes. Congress saw that and extended the full coverage until December.

They recently stepped in again. Now you'll be covered until summer -- while schools sort out whether they're bringing students back into the classroom for the January-May semester, keeping everyone at home again or a combination of the two. As is typical of the pandemic era, even if you're currently attending in-person classes, your school might shift to remote at any time.

You and the 55,000 other student veterans potentially impacted by those reduced housing benefits can thank Nevada Sen. Catherine Cortez Masto and others for introducing the bill and pushing it to become law.

Not a student? Have you decided to sit out the shaky job market and go back to school or aim for a new trade? Start with an intro to your veterans education benefits: www.va.gov/education. Scroll down and click on the Eligibility link. Then click on the GI Bill Comparison Tool on the right and learn what programs and education benefits are available for you. Different programs have different benefits, so study those first to see which might be the best fit. If you need help sorting it all out, call the GI Bill Hotline at 888-GIBILL-1 (888-442-4551).

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• In 2016, KFC released edible nail polishes in Hong Kong. They came in Hot & Spicy and Original flavor.

• The main reason why Mickey Mouse, Donald Duck, Pinocchio and other early Disney characters wore gloves is because it was easier to animate them and helped the characters appear to be more humanlike.

• It is illegal to name your pig Napoleon in France.

• Eighty-year-old Tatsuo Horiuchi has created paintings in Microsoft Excel for over 15 years, using vector drawing tools developed primarily for graphs and simple shapes to make panoramic scenes of life in rural Japan.

• More salt is used to remove ice from roads than for eating.

• A Tennessee judge ordered a name change for a baby named "Messiah." She was later fired after the decision was found unconstitutional on appeal.

• Hexakosioihexekontahexaphobia is the fear of the number 666.

• There was a tree in Glastonbury, England, that was known to flower on Christmas Day. Locals were disappointed that it did not obey the switch to the Gregorian calendar in 1752.

• George H.W. Bush's hatred of broccoli was so intense that he mentioned it 70 times during his presidency, banned it from the White House, and blamed the extinction of the dinosaurs on it.

• Speaking of those famous reptiles, in 1992 after paying for entry to the "Dinosaurs Live!" exhibition at the Memphis Zoo, six visitors demanded a refund. Their grounds? It didn't contain live dinosaurs.

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• Skylab could change its position in space without using propellant simply by changing the spin of its large gyroscopes.

• The final Skylab crew celebrated Christmas aboard, marking the second time astronauts were in space on Christmas, with the first time being the Apollo 8 mission in 1968. They built a Christmas tree from empty metal food containers, with a foil comet on top.

• Skylab continued to collect data and run experiments even long after all of the crews had departed.

• Skylab had been designed to endure a 9-year lifespan in space. Unfortunately, its orbit began to decay early due to higher than expected solar activity. The plan was to give it a boost using the space shuttle, but the shuttle was still in the planning stages. After only six years, Skylab fell to earth, disintegrating over the Indian Ocean and parts of Western Australia on July 11, 1979.

• The San Francisco Examiner offered a $10,000 prize to the first person to deliver a piece of Skylab debris to its office within 72 hours of the crash, which was collected by an Australian youth whose house was pelted by charred debris. He hopped on board a plane to San Francisco without so much as a passport or suitcase and collected his winnings. The nearby town sent NASA a $400 fine for littering which was never paid.

Answer

• The launch of the 3-man crew, originally scheduled for the following day, was delayed until May 25 while NASA worked up a solution to the problem: a solar umbrella. When the crew reached Skylab, they accomplished the world’s first in-space repair, installing the new equipment by spacewalk. Following this remarkable repair, crew members were able to work in shirt-sleeve comfort inside Skylab. Subsequent crews made better fixes later on.

• Three crews visited the 86-foot long station between May of 1973 and February of 1974, occupying the craft for 171 days. They completed 270 scientific experiments and technical investigations. Among other things, they observed the human body’s adaptation to the space environment, studied the Sun in unprecedented detail, and undertook pioneering observations about planet Earth.

• In the end, less than 17 months’ worth of the 24-month supply of oxygen, food, water, and other supplies was used before the craft was abandoned.

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• Skylab was the first United States space station, and the only space station operated solely by the U.S. All other space stations, including the MIR, Salyut, Tiangong 1, and the International Space Station, have been cooperative efforts between countries.

• Launched on May 14, 1973, Skylab almost ended in disaster as a shield designed to protect the craft from micro-meteoroids and the heat of the Sun tore off just 63 seconds after launch. Debris from the accident jammed two of the solar arrays, leaving the space station without enough power.

• Skylab made it into low-earth orbit just fine, but without the heat shield in place, it would be too hot inside to sustain human life, and without the solar arrays, there wasn’t enough energy to run the station.

• The first Skylab crew occupied the space station for a record-setting 28 days. The second 3-man crew was there for 59 days, and the final crew stayed for 84 days, a record that stood until the space shuttle was launched.

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OUT OF THIS WORLD

by Matilda Charles

Travel Is Complicated Right Now My neighbor still thinks she'll be going on a cruise to a foreign country in the spring. She calls her travel agent every few weeks to ask if the cruise is still on. Of course the travel agent doesn't want to say no and have to give back the money just yet, so the answer is yes. My neighbor has been busily sewing new outfits for her cruise dinners. Me, I've been keeping silent about it, but I fear that cruise might not come to pass. *Answer located further back in this issue.

© 2022 King Features Syndicate. All rights reserved.

There is always debate about requirements for masks on cruise ships, but that might be the least of the concerns.

The latest updates have several countries in Level 4 Do Not Travel categories. My neighbor's destination is currently at a Level 3, which is Reconsider Travel. New ones are being added all the time.

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If you'll be traveling in the next few months, especially if it's internationally, look at AARP's travel page for helpful information: www.aarp.org/travel.

©2022 by King Features Syndicate, Inc. World rights reserved

Feeling Down, Sad or Anxious?

Infinity Health Cathie Campbell DNP, PMHNP-BC, GNP-BC

Call 701-885-7920 • Grand Forks, ND www.InfinityHealthND.com

Watch the Department of State's website as well: travel. state.gov/content/travel.html. Look for the information on your specific destination, and keep an eye on it, as it's all subject to change.

Invest in trip cancellation and interruption insurance.

Make sure you understand the details of what it will and won't cover. Be sure what the cruise company's policies are as well.

Be certain you know exactly when you'll need a COVID-19 test before you go -- and that you can get one. At this point, many areas have backlogs on testing appointments, and walk-in places are often backed up for many hours. If you're traveling internationally, you'll also need a test before you return. The logistics and timing can be complicated right now.

Your best bet: Stay in close touch with your travel agent about changes, warnings and timing.

King Features Weekly Service ©2022 King Features Syndicate, Inc. All rights reserved.

© 2022 King Features Synd., Inc.

(Answers located further back)

January 17, 2022

• To soften food that is stuck on a pan, try soaking it overnight with fabric softener. Just fill the pan with enough water to cover the burned-on food, then lay a dryer sheet of fabric softener in the pan (poke it down so it will stay under the water). The next morning, you should be able to wipe the food right off. You can even use the fabric softener sheet as a scrubber.

— A.S. in Maryland • I installed rivet rings in the corner of my bathroom towels. Now, when I hang a towel up, it stays hung up. — I.S. via e-mail • Ways to avoid spam, that nuisance e-mail that comes to fill your e-mail box in droves: Use a name that has both words and numbers. Keep a separate “free” e-mail address for bill-paying and one for shopping. Be sure to report spam to your e-mail provider.

Up your filter and add everyone you know to your address book or “safe” list. — via e-mail • To keep thread straight when threading needles, I run the end across a cheap glue stick. It works very well, and the glue washes right out of the thread. Or, if you are afraid it will be sticky, you can just clip the end off before you start sewing. — T.E. in Kentucky • To make butter easier to spread on bread or toast, we keep a stick in a plastic sandwich baggie. We just handle the butter a bit through the bag. It softens, but doesn’t overmelt, like when you put it in the microwave. You can just reseal the baggie and put it back in the fridge. — N.U. in Florida • To make your carpets look clean in a hurry, like if you are having company over, just sweep them with your broom. — C.C. in Pennsylvania Send your tips to Now Here’s a Tip, 628 Virginia Drive, Orlando, FL 32803.

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• On Feb. 1, 1884, the first portion of the Oxford English Dictionary (OED) is published. Originally begun in 1857, it was estimated the project would take 10 years to finish. In fact, it took over 40 years. The OED covers all vocabulary from the Anglo-Saxon period (1150 A.D.) to the present.

• On Feb. 2, 1913, New York City's Grand Central Terminal opens for the first time. The terminal, with a towering white marble facade, took 10 years to construct and more than $4 billion in today's money. It needed a $100 million restoration starting in 1980.

• On Feb. 5, 1937, President Franklin Roosevelt announces a plan to expand the Supreme Court to as many as 15 judges. Critics immediately charged that Roosevelt was trying to "pack" the court and thus neutralize Supreme Court justices. The Senate struck down the bill by a vote of 70 to 22.

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• On Feb. 3, 1959, rising American rock stars Buddy Holly, Ritchie Valens and J.P. "The Big Bopper" Richardson are killed when their plane crashes in Iowa. Singer Don McLean memorialized the musicians in the 1972 hit "American Pie," which refers to "the day the music died."

• On Feb. 6, 1985, in his State of the Union address, President Ronald Reagan defines some of the key concepts of his foreign policy of supporting freedom fighters around the globe. These included covertly supporting the Contras in their attacks on the leftist Sandinista government in Nicaragua.

• On Jan. 31, 1990, the Soviet Union's first McDonald's fast-food restaurant opens in Moscow. Throngs of people lined up to pay the equivalent of several days' wages for Big Macs, shakes and french fries.

• On Feb. 4, 2004, a Harvard sophomore named Mark Zuckerberg launches The Facebook, a social media website he had built in order to connect Harvard students with one another. The previous year, he had created FaceMash, a website where students could vote on which of two randomly selected Harvard women was more attractive, quickly running afoul of both the administration and several women's groups.

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YAWNING

• The word “yawn” comes from the Old English “ginian” meaning “to open wide” or “to gape.”

Therefore, chasms and canyons “yawn” in the literal sense of the word.

• Every vertebrate in the animal kingdom yawns, including fish, turtles, crocodiles, snakes, and birds.

A fetus begins yawning at the end of the first trimester in the womb. People in a persistent vegetative state yawn.

• Bored people really do yawn more: those watching a TV test pattern for 30 minutes yawned 70% more than those who watched 30 minutes of music videos. We also yawn more when sleepy, especially during the hour after waking up (most frequent) and the hour before going to bed (second most frequent). After waking up in the morning, it’s most common to yawn and stretch simultaneously, whereas only yawning occurs before bedtime.

• Breathing 100% oxygen does not inhibit yawning.

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• Everyone knows that yawning is contagious, but science proved it. In an experiment, observers were more than twice as likely to yawn while watching others yawn (55%) than if they were if they were watching other people smile (21%).

• Reading about yawning also triggers yawning: 28% of people who read about yawning for five minutes yawned, versus only 11% who read about hiccupping.

• Even the sound of yawning can trigger yawns in people who are blind.

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• Yawns are also contagious among dogs, and dogs will often yawn after merely hearing their owner yawn from another room. Various primate species also engage in contagious yawns.

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YAWNING (continued):

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• Contagious yawns have been observed in children as young as 2 years old. There is a massive uptick in contagious yawns when children reach the age of 4.

• Although children on the autism spectrum yawn spontaneously, they often do not yawn contagiously.

• The lack of contagious yawning is sometimes an indication of the presence of psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia.

• Humans cannot yawn on command. An experiment recorded the amount of time required for participants to yawn when commanded to do so, only to find that 42% of people were unable to conjure a yawn at all, and others faked their yawn. The response increased when the participants were unobserved and required to selfreport their yawns, and decreased when they were being observed or filmed.

• The average yawn lasts 6 seconds. Chains of yawns are common, with the interval between yawns lasting an average of 68 seconds.

• You can yawn with your nostrils pinched shut but you cannot yawn with your mouth closed and only your nostrils open.

• People are more likely to yawn in the winter.

• The closer you are to someone genetically or emotionally, the more likely it is that you’ll catch their yawn.

• Women are more likely to catch a yawn then men. To study this phenomenon, scientists spent nearly five years recording 1,461 bouts of yawning in 92 sets of people. They found that women responded to another person’s yawn on average 54% of the time whereas men did only 41% of the time.

• Insects don’t yawn. This is because they don’t have lungs.

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Quiz Answers

1. 900 million 6. Obesity 2. 470 million 7. Buck 8. Baha Men 3. Three 9. 1950s (1957) 4. 5% 10. Tiger 5. 42 teeth

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Sports Answers 1. Falcons lost 3. 3 points by the to Packers.

Dolphins in Patriots lost Super Bowl to the Jets.

VI (vs. Dallas) 2. Buffalo Bills 4. The New Orin 1991 vs. leans Saints. the Raiders 5. Dave Righetti who scored 6. Silver (92.5% only 3 points. is silver).

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