Tidbits johnson v6 issue 16 by Russ Swart

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April 19th, 2017

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"They say there are about 12 million illegal immigrants in this country. But if you ask a native American, that number is more like 300 million." -David Letterman

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TIDBITS® MAKES A VISIT TO

ELLIS ISLAND by Kathy Wolfe

It’s estimated that nearly 40% of all current U.S. citizens can trace at least one ancestor back to Ellis Island. To commemorate Ellis Island Family History Day on April 17, Tidbits focuses on the facts of this famous immigration station. • In the 1600s, Ellis Island was the home of Mohegan Indians, who called it Kioshk, or Gull Island. The 3.3-acre island was purchased in the 1630s by a Dutchman, who renamed it Oyster Island because of the large numbers of shellfish found on its beaches. During the 1700s, it was renamed again, this time to Gibbet Island, a term for a large upright post used as a gallows. The island was regularly used as a place to hang those convicted of piracy. • New York merchant Samuel Ellis bought the island in 1775, and built a tavern there to serve local fisherman. It changed hands again in 1808 when the state of New York purchased it, and used it to store ammunition during the War of 1812. • The last hanging occurred in 1839. After its use as a munitions arsenal for the Union Army during the Civil War, the island was vacant for many years. • It was decided during the 1880s that New York’s immigration station at Castle Garden, which had processed more than 8 million immigrants over a 35-year span, would be replaced by a new facility on Ellis Island. Expansion of the island began by adding landfill obtained by the excavation for New York City’s subway tunnels. The area doubled to more than six acres. turn the page for more!

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STRANGE BUT TRUE by Samantha Weaver

● In 1819, some Native peoples in the

United States got quite a surprise. Fearing trouble from tribes, a group of western river explorers traveled in a steamboat that had been modified to resemble a fire-breathing serpent. ● After the disaster of the Exxon

Valdez, the oil tanker’s former captain, Joseph Hazelwood -- who evidently had been so drunk that he was passed out in his bunk when the devastating collision occurred -- was hired by the New York Maritime College. His job? Teaching students how to stand watch. ● At one time in New York City it was

against the law to play pinball.

ELLIS ISLAND (continued): • On New Year’s Day, 1892, the new Ellis Island Immigration Station officially opened. Three ships holding more than 700 immigrants were waiting to pass through. The first person admitted was an Irish girl celebrating her 15th birthday, Annie Moore. In honor of her status, she was presented with a $10 gold piece. Close to 450,000 people would follow during the first year of operation. More than 1.5 million immigrants were processed during the first five years of operations. • Annie Moore arrived with her two brothers, all three unaccompanied minors. In 1907, a federal law was passed, prohibiting children arriving without adults. • Immigrants were closely checked by doctors for more than 60 diseases and disabilities that could disqualify them from entry. Those suspected were marked with chalk and detained. A contagious eye condition called trachoma was monitored very closely, with “TC” chalked on the jackets of those suspected. “L” was used for lameness, “S” for senility, “SC” for scalp problems, “G” for goiter, and “X” for those with a suspected mental defect, among several other possible disabilities. While 80% of immigrants successfully passed through in just hours, many were detained for days or even weeks. Free meals were provided, usually beef stew, potatoes, herring, baked beans, stewed prunes, and bread. • Those immigrants traveling first-class were exempt from the rigorous physical exams. • Although many chose to remain in New York City, others traveled by barge to New Jersey, where they boarded trains for other destinations across the United States. • Five years after opening, with 200 immigrants on site, a fire broke out in the main building, a huge three-storied structure, resulting in the roof collapsing. There were no injuries, but all immigration records dating back to 1840, including those from Castle Garden, were destroyed. Within six months a new fireproof facility opened, with more than 2,200 people processed on its first day.

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● Tombstones weren’t always used to

record information about the deceased’s life; they were originally just large, unmarked slabs of stone placed atop a fresh grave -- a barrier to ensure that no undead creature or ghastly spirit could escape to trouble the living. ● The woman who was declared the female winner of the 1980 Boston Marathon had the title stripped from her after officials noticed her absence from any of the photographs or video footage from the middle of the event. It seems she veered off course, killed a little time around town, then rode the subway a spot less than a mile from the finish line, rejoining the race at the very end. *** Thought for the Week: “A man who has never gone to school may steal from a freight car; but if he has a university education, he may steal the whole railroad.” -- Theodore Roosevelt (c) 2017 King Features Synd., Inc.

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April 19th, 2017

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ELLIS ISLAND (continued): • By 1903, additional space was needed, and two additional islands were created using landfill. By 1906, Ellis Island had grown from its original 3.3 acres to upwards of 27 acres. About 90% of the area did not exist in 1800. • The price for an immigrant planning a trip to America varied from $12 to $60 per person. Many families saved for years to make the journey. • During World War I, immigration declined dramatically. The United States began establishing embassies worldwide and a large number of immigrants were processed in their home countries rather than going through Ellis Island. The 1915 total of immigrants was 178,416, but by 1918, the number had dropped to only 28,867. In 1917, the facility started operation as a U.S. Army hospital and a detention center for enemy aliens. • A literacy test was introduced in 1917, and all those over age 16 who could not read 40 test words in their native language were denied admittance. • In 1924, an immigration act limited total immigration to 165,000 per year, and fixed quotas from specific countries. • As mass immigration declined into America, and the Great Depression caused more to leave the country than to arrive, the buildings began to fall into neglect and abandonment. During World War II, part of the island was used to house suspected Nazi sympathizers and enemies of the state. • From 1925 until 1954, only 2.3 million immigrants were processed. In November, 1954, all 33 structures were officially closed, and the island was declared government surplus property. A Norwegian merchant seaman, Arne Peterssen, was the last person to pass through immigration there.

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Although Ellis Island would appear to be part of New York City, 80% of its structure actually lies in New Jersey. It took a 1998 Supreme Court ruling following a long court battle to determine that the section composed of landfill added after 1834 is part of Jersey City. Only the original three acres, including the Main Arrivals Hall and the museum belong to New York.

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1. This composer of “White Christmas” entered the U.S. through Ellis Island. Who was he? 2. What well-known treat was created by Ellis Island immigrants Reuben and Rose Mattus? 3. The future mayor of New York worked as an interpreter at Ellis Island from 1907 to 1910. Who was he? 4. Name the English-born actor who came through Ellis Island in 1912 and went on to become famous as “The Tramp.” 5. How old was Leslie Townes “Bob” Hope when he came through Ellis Island? Answers on Page 8

ELLIS ISLAND (continued): • In 1965, Ellis Island became a National Park Service National Monument; however, it didn’t open to the public until 1976, when 50,000 people toured the island. Six years later, President Reagan initiated a fundraiser for private investors for the restoration and preservation of the facility. The $156 million project was completed in 1990, and the Main Arrivals Building was re-opened to the public. Millions of immigrant arrival records were made available to the public in 2001, enabling visitors to trace their ancestry in the restored Hall. More than 30 million visitors have toured Ellis Island since 1990. • Out of the original 33 structures on the island, 29 are still closed, waiting to be restored. • Several well-known immigrants were processed through Ellis Island over the years, including cosmetics icon Max Factor from Poland and actor Cary Grant from England. The Trapp Family singers of “The Sound of Music” fame came through from Austria. Athletes Charles Atlas, Knute Rockne, and Johnny Weissmuller also were processed there. At least two well-known criminals came through the station, gangster Lucky Luciano from Italy, and German Bruno Hauptmann, later convicted of kidnapping the Lindbergh baby.

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We’ve known for a long time that exercise is good for seniors. Now scientists have been able to isolate just why that is -- right down to the cell level -- and determine what type of exercise is best. High-intensity interval training (called HIIT), such as walking and cycling, won out over resistance training and a program that combined both, according to the Mayo Clinic. At the heart of the study is mitochondrial cell function, which seniors lose as we age. High-intensity interval training makes new protein in the muscles ... and reverses some signs of aging. Yes, they said, it’s necessary to do a few days of resistance training to actually make muscles “NATIONAL” WORDS (continued): stronger, that wouldn’t happen without • French:but Chefs know what it means to the“french” high-intensity aerobic a food item. It’s aexercise. verb that means to age cut into thin strips, like, well, french Two groups were recruited for thefries. (And yes, that’s how the finger-friendly postudy, 18-30 and 65-80, with each broken tato dish took its name.) Green beans are intoanother three groups. One group concentrated item commonly prepared in this on manner. HIIT cycling. Another worked with • Maltese: tiny did spaniels are easy to leg weights. These The third a combination 1/2 identify thanks to their long, silky coats. mass The program. After 12 weeks, lean muscle American Kennel Club groups wasthem checked compared with and other “Toy to control subjects did no Dogs” who like Pugs andexercise. In the HIIT Yorkshire Terriers. group, the seniors had an increase of 69 Feline aficionados percent in mitochondria activity, compared also use the term with the group at 49 percent. Malteseyounger to describe catsdothat siHow wehave take aadvantage of this new milarly silky, grayinformation? First, check with your doctor blue coat. that a HIIT program would be appropriate • Colombian: This term means different things for you. It might work something like this: to different people, depending on how you sitting on a“jones.” stationary cycledealers and pedaling get your Narcotics may refer to their products as Colombian, moderately for a period of time,although with the actual source is often unknown. Luckily, 30-second bursts of fast pedaling in the the majority of us prefer a bit of legal Colommiddle. Or,ina the moderate walking might bian, as coffee grown in pace the South be American broken upnation. with high-intensity The prevalence moving of coffee shops throughout America is proof enough for a half minute. For maximum benefit, that many of us just can’t get along in the trymorning what the research group did: three days without a hot cup of Colombian. of high-intensity training, with two days of • Chinese: The generic term “chinese” now weight training. represents types of food that are very differPROVIDE NEW FACES FOR EXISTING DOUBLE FACE PYLON CABINET FACES WHITE POLYCARBONATE WITH HANGER BARS AND APPLIED TRANSLUSCENT VINYL GRAPHICS.

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UNUSUAL PLANTS:

In honor of National Orchid Day on April 16, Tidbits passes along these facts about the fascinating family, Orchidacea. • Orchids are the largest family of flowering plants, with about 28,000 different species, (almost five times the number of mammal species), with more still being discovered. They are also one of the oldest flowers in existence. Fossilized pollen from an ancient orchid was discovered on the back of a bee encased in amber in a mine in the Dominican Republic. Orchids grow naturally everywhere in the world, except in extremely cold climates and in the desert. • Orchids have bilateral symmetry, in other words, the two halves are mirror images of each other, similar to the human face.. • The flowers of some orchids last only a few hours, while other varieties produce blooms that survive six months. Some plants can live up to 100 years. The unusual Bulbophyllum nocturnum orchid, discovered in 2011, blooms only at night, and only for one night. • Orchids produce the smallest seeds in the world, about the size of a particle of dust, and visible only under a microscope. Each seedpod contains up to 3 million seeds, however, only a few will develop into a mature orchid plant. • Climate affects the size, shape, and texture of orchid leaves. Those that grow in a dry climate have thick leaves covered with wax. Those growing in a warm, humid area have long thin leaves. Some varieties have no leaves at all. • The world’s smallest orchid species has flowers measuring just 2 mm wide. The petals are transparent and just one cell thick. The Giant orchid grows up to 8.2 ft. across. • Did you know that the vanilla plant is a member of the orchid family? This climbing orchid produces the bean from which the vanilla flavoring is extracted. Spanish explorer Hernan Cortes discovered vanilla on the Gulf Coast of Mexico in the early 1500s and named it “vainilla,” translating “little pod.” • The people of China have been using the orchid for its medicinal properties since 2800 BC. The plant is said to cure headaches, fever, and coughs, as well as accelerating the healing of wounds. The ancient Aztecs dried orchid roots in the sun, ground them into powder, added water, and used as a strong adhesive. • Many orchids have a unique way of tricking insects into pollinating them. The reproductive parts of several types are shaped and colored to resemble the kind of insect they hope to attract. The bee orchid contains a petal that looks like a female bee, and even produces a smell similar to that of the female. This attracts the male who becomes covered in pollen, then flies off to find another orchid he thinks is a mate, thus ensuring pollination of the species. • Pollination of orchids is so specialized, if a particular insect becomes extinct, the orchid it pollinates will also become extinct. • Folks living during the Victorian era between 1840 and 1910 became enamored with orchids. Some even traveled around the world seeking specific varieties. A shipment of a rare variety could bring up to $80,000 at that time.

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April is Defeat Diabetes Month – the right time for Tidbits to share information on this metabolic disease that affects close to 420 million people worldwide, about 8.3% of the adult population. • Diabetes occurs when there is too much glucose in the blood. As food is digested by the body, sugar (glucose) enters the bloodstream as a source of fuel for energy. The body’s pancreas produces insulin, with insulin’s role to move the glucose from the blood into fat, liver and skeletal muscle cells. • A diabetic’s body cannot move the sugar from the blood into the cells because the liver makes too much glucose, because their pancreas does not make enough insulin, or the cells do not respond to the insulin that is produced. • Type 1 diabetes is the result of the pancreas’ failure to produce enough insulin. Sometimes this form is known as “juvenile diabetes,” because it usually develops in childhood or adolescence, and those people require insulin injections for life. • Type 2 diabetes is often referred to as “adultonset diabetes.” Cells fail to respond to insulin properly, with the most common cause being excessive body weight and not enough exercise. About 90% of cases of diabetes are Type 2. It can frequently be controlled with lifestyle changes and weight loss alone. A low-carb diet and one very low in saturated fats may enable those people to maintain near normal blood glucose levels. • Between 3% and 9% of pregnant women will develop gestational diabetes, a condition that arises when a woman without diabetes develops high blood sugar levels during pregnancy. The condition resolves itself after the baby is born in 90% of the cases, but leaves the mother with an increased risk of developing Type 2 diabetes. • A glucose meter is used to measure blood sugar level. Because food, exercise, medications, stress, blood pressure, and other factors affect the level, the blood is tested several times per day. The first glucose meters for home use were introduced in 1981. Today continuous monitoring systems have a disposable sensor that is placed under the skin for several days. • Blood from the fingertip presents the most accurate blood sugar level readings. The ideal range for blood sugar is 80 to 100 milligrams per deciliter. • Diabetes contributes to several other health risk factors, including heart disease, stroke, kidney failure, cataracts, glaucoma, and nerve damage to the feet. Patients can also develop gum and teeth problems because of high blood sugar. The disease at least doubles a person’s risk of early death. • Although not to be used alone in the control of diabetes, some natural remedies have been shown to help lower blood sugar levels. Cinnamon has been shown to stimulate the production of insulin in the pancreas. Clinical trials indicate that a few edible mushroom species, including Reishi, Maitake, and Agaricus varieties, have the ability to lower blood sugar as well. • It’s important to recognize the disease’s warning signs – frequent urination, extreme hunger and thirst, extreme fatigue, blurry vision, slow healing of cuts and bruises, and a tingling, pain, or numbness in the hands and feet. • Several well-known people have been dealing with Type 1 diabetes for years, including actress Halle Berry, singers Nick Jonas and David Crosby, and athletes Billie Jean King and Chicago Bears quarterback Jay Cutler.

April 19th, 2017

Page 7

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Hawkeye Publishing, L.L.C. www.tidbitpapers.com For Distribution E-mail: russ@tidbitpapers.com or Call (319) 360-3936 Place your ads online www.tidbitpapers.com

Classifieds Of Johnson County

Call 319-360-3936 for more information about ad placements.

EMPLOYMENT

SERVICES

VIDEO & MEDIA SERVICE

SPECIALTY SHOPS

THRIFT STORE

Comfort Care Medicare, Inc. Seeking full-time RN Case Managers. We offer competitive wages and benefits. Home health experience is preferred. Interested? Please email resume to

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ANTIQUE SHOP IN NL!

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319-430-8544 Now Hiring Immediate Openings 319-354 MAID (6243) 409 Hwy 1 Iowa City, IA 52246 • GOOD PAY • NO WEEKENDS, HOLIDAYS OR EVENINGS • PAID TRAINING • WEEKLY PAY • POSITIVE ATMOSPHERE • USE OUR CAR & OUR MATERIALS Cliff Viessman Inc. is accepting applications for Regional Tanker Drivers for the Cedar Rapids terminal.$2,000 Sign On Bonus. $50 K+ per year. Health, Dental, 401K. Profit Sharing. Paid Weekly. Monthly safe driving bonus. CDL with tanker endorsement required. One year experience required or driving school graduate with six months experience. Some weekend work required. Contact Nate at 800-353-0344. Option 5. natev@ viessmantrucking.com. www.viessmantrucking.com. "A Driver Friendly Company" (MCN) TRUCK DRIVERS. CDL-A Company Drivers and Owner Operators. Great pay and benefits. Driver friendly. All miles paid. Many bonuses. Home when needed. Nice equipment. Paid weekly. WWW. MCFGTL.COM Call now 507-4379905 (MCN)

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GOTTA SEE IT!

9 Rooms Tastefully Arranged for your Shopping Fun! Crafts, Home-made

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WANTS TO purchase minerals and other oil & gas interests. Send details P.O. Box 13557, Denver, Co 80201 CUSTOM HEADINGS AND CUSTOM ADS AVAILABLE CALL Rick 319-981-3335 or Rena 319-930-0084

We take donations during regular business hours. 1705 S. 1st Ave. Iowa City 319-512-7593

FLEA MARKET

1213 Gilbert Ct, Iowa City

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where every purchase is a gift to the world!

New vendors welcome

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LEGAL

Discover hidden treasures at low prices at Potentially Yours thrift store of Iowa City. We carry clothing, housewares, furniture, collectibles and much more. Tax receipts for donations are provided. Shopping at our store helps provide support to adults with disabilities.

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RESTAURANTS

FREE Chips & Regular Fountain Drink*

* with the purchase of regular or large sub (excludes CYO)

Just north of I-80 Exit 254, West Branch 319-643-2077

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Crowded Closet

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Hawkeye Publishing L.L.C. considers it’s advertisers reliable and verifies as much data as possible. Consequently, readers using this information do so at their own risk. It is suggested that the investors contact the appropriate consumer agency before sending payment. Although persons and companies mentioned herein are believed to be reputable, neither Tidbits® of Linn county publication, Hawkeye Publishing L.L.C., The Nations Online Listings nor any of it’s employees accept any responsibility whatsoever for their actions. For more information about credit scams and advanced fee loans write: FTS Washington, DC 20580

Installing a skylight helps you take advantage of available daylight and saves energy by reducing a reliance on electric lights. Light travels faster than sound. This is why some people appear bright until you hear them speak.

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Weekends and Holidays at one fixed rate. No overtime pay but your ad keeps working. We have our publication in locations that people read it even at night and on holidays.

www.tidbitsmediakit.com Rena 930-0084 Rick 981-3335

-Tidbits® The paper that readers of all ages can enjoy-

Page 8

April 19th, 2017

Hawkeye Publishing, L.L.C. www.tidbitpapers.com For Distribution E-mail: russ@tidbitpapers.com or Call (319) 360-3936

2017 Save the Date! #StigmaFree National NAMIWalks Elite Sponsor

Saturday, May 6, 2017

Terry Trueblood Recreation Area, 4213 SE Sand Road, Iowa City, IA 52240 Join us at NAMIWalks Johnson County as we raise awareness & funds for our mental health programs and support services: Family Education & Support | Peer Education, Support & Speaker’s Bureau | Anti-Discrimination & Advocacy

National NAMIWalks Sponsor

National Walk Partner

● On April 20, 1871, Congress authorizes President Ulysses S. Grant to use military force to suppress the Ku Klux Klan. Founded in 1865 by a group of Confederate veterans, the KKK engaged in night terrorist raids against black Americans and white Republicans.

● On April 21, 1918, Manfred von Richthofen, the German flying ace known as “The Red Baron,” is killed by Allied fire. In a time when 20 air victories ensured a pilot legendary status, von Richthofen had downed 80 enemy aircraft. He was 25 years old.

CONTRACTORS!

ANSWERS

GET ORGANIZED WITH A CONTRACTOR TOPPER! Quiz Bits Answers

1. Approximately 3 million. 2. The Statue of Liberty

HOCUS-FOCUS

Differences: 1. Switch is missing. 2. Tie is different. 3. Newspaper is smaller. 4. Picture is smaller. 5. Doll is missing. 6. Drawer handle is missing.

TOPPER

WORLD www.topperoutlet.com 319-530-3648

We sell Truck Toppers & Truck Accessories! Fiberglass & Alluminum Toppers available

● On April 22, 1978, the Blues Brothers

make their world premiere on “Saturday Night Live.” Led by SNL cast members Dan Aykroyd and John Belushi, the band would go on to score three top-40 hits and a No. 1 album.

HUNTERS!

CHECK OUT THE PRO SPORT PACK AGE TOPPER

Trivia Newsfront ANSWERS 1. Irving Berlin 2. Haagen Dazs ice cream 3. Fiorello La Guardia 4. Charlie Chaplin 5. Age 4

Don't you just hate those enter to win gimmicks at various attractions you attend? Check out our free drawings on page 5 or

online at www.tidbitpapers.com You know darn well that you will never win anything more than harassing phone calls or emails trying to get you to buy something like windows or siding. All they are doing is building a contact list of potential buyers. Guess what, we have a drawing also, but we don't have any interest to harass you with sale promotions of anything. We have the best drawing ever! All we do is ask for your name and mailing address so that when you win, yes win we will mail you out the free gift We do not ask for your phone number or email. certificate. (Odds are good as we do not get millions of entries) No gimmicks, no sales pressure as we have nothing to sell you. We do not sell your information or use it to promote What we have done is get various businesses willing to give away absolutely free items just to get you to try them out. anything else. If you win you receive a free gift certificate.

to win free stuff!