American Woman's Bible - Preview

EPHESIANSs Author: Paul Date: Around a.d. 60 Setting: Ephesus Ephesus was the capital of the Roman province of Asia Minor (present-day Turkey) and a vital, important commercial center. It was renowned for its magnificent temple to the Greek goddess Artemis (known as Diana to the Romans). Acts 19 records dramatic events that unfolded there during Paul’s third missionary journey.

Theme: Building the Body of Christ Paul uses this letter to explain how God has given His people spiritual resources so that they can fulfill His purpose for the church: to bring praise and glory to Himself (Eph. 1). Paul also explains how God has reconciled believers both to Himself and to one another as members of Christ’s body, the church.

In Ephesians, Paul also pleads for the unity of the church based on the fact that Jew and Gentile are reconciled by the work of Christ upon the cross. He describes the believer’s position in Christ and God’s purpose for the world as accomplished through the church. Paul reminds the believers in Ephesus of the vast spiritual blessings they have received through Christ and describes how Christians learn a spiritual walk rooted in their spiritual wealth.

Insights Paul called the Ephesians to a life of unity with one another and loyalty to the cause of Christ.

God has blessed America in many ways. Perhaps our greatest strength lies in the unity of a people who are loyal to a flag and committed to the cause “for which it stands.” One American who wished to remain anonymous once spoke these words, “If you are ashamed to stand by your colors, you had better seek another flag.” As a nation, we can learn much from Paul’s exhortation to the Ephesians: “bearing with one another in love, endeavoring to keep the unity of the Spirit in the bond of peace” (Eph. 4:2, 3).

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Greeting ‌Paul, an apostle of J­esus Christ by the will of God,

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To the saints who are in Ephesus, and faithful in Christ ­Jesus: 2Grace

to you and peace from God our Father and the Lord ­Jesus Christ.

Redemption in Christ 3Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord J­ esus Christ, who has blessed us with every spiritual blessing in the heavenly places in Christ, 4just as He chose us in Him before the foundation of the world, that we should be holy and without blame before Him in love, 5having predestined us to adoption as sons by ­Jesus Christ to Himself, according to the good pleasure of His will, 6to the praise of the glory of His grace, by which He made us accepted in the Beloved.

7In Him we have redemption through His blood, the forgiveness of sins, according to the r­ iches of His grace 8which He made to abound toward us in all wisdom and prudence, 9having made known to us the mystery of His will, according to His good pleasure which He purposed in Himself, 10that in the dispensation of the fullness of the times He might gather together in one all things in Christ, botha which are in heaven and which are on earth—­in Him. 11In Him also we have obtained an inheritance, being predestined according to the purpose of Him who works all things according to the counsel of His will, 12that we who first trusted in Christ should be to the praise of His glory.

13In Him you also trusted, after you heard the word of truth, the gospel of your salvation; in whom also, having believed, you were sealed with the Holy Spirit of promise, 14whoa is the guarantee of our inheritance until the redemption of the purchased possession, to the praise of His glory.

Prayer for Spiritual Wisdom 15 Therefore I also, after I heard of your faith in the Lord J­esus and your love for all the saints, 16do not cease to give thanks for you, making mention of you in my prayers: 17that the God of our Lord ­Jesus Christ, the Father of glory, may give to you the spirit of wisdom and revelation in the knowledge of Him,

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18the

eyes of your understandinga being enlightened; that you may know what is the hope of His calling, what are the riches of the glory of His inheritance in the saints, 19and what is the exceeding greatness of His power t­oward us who believe, according to the working of His mighty power 20which He worked in Christ when He raised Him from the dead and seated Him at His right hand in the heavenly places, 21far above all principality and power and might and dominion, and every name that is named, not only in this age but also in that which is to come.

22And He put all things under His feet, and gave Him to be head over all things to the church, 23which is His body, the fullness of Him who fills all in all.

By Grace Through Faith ‌And you He made alive, who were dead in trespasses and sins, 2in which you once walked according to the course of this world, according to the prince of the power of the air, the spirit who now works in the sons of disobedience, 3among whom also we all once conducted ourselves in the lusts of our flesh, fulfilling the desires of the flesh and of the mind, and were by nature children of wrath, just as the others.

4But God, who is rich in mercy, because of His great love with which He loved us, 5even when we were dead in trespasses, made us alive together with Christ (by grace you have been saved), 6and raised us up together, and made us sit together in the heavenly places in Christ ­Jesus, 7that in the ages to come He might show the exceeding riches of His grace in His kindness toward us in Christ J­ esus. 8For by grace you have been saved through faith, and that not of yourselves; it is the gift of God, 9not of works, lest anyone should boast. 10For we are His workmanship, created in Christ ­Jesus for good works, which God prepared beforehand that we should walk in them.

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Brought Near by His Blood 11 T herefore remember that you, once Gentiles in the flesh—­who are 1:10 a NU‑­Text and M‑­Text omit both. ​ 1:14 a NU‑­Text reads which. ​1:18 a NU‑­Text and M‑­Text read hearts. ​

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SERVICE A BI OG RAP H Y

Ida Scudder 1870–1960

“For we are His workmanship, created in Christ Jesus for good works, which God prepared beforehand, that we should walk in them.”

EPH E SI A NS 2:10

Ida Scudder was the granddaughter of the first medical missionary to India.

Seven of her grandfather’s children followed him into mission work; one of those seven was Ida’s father. In all, out of four generations, forty-two members of the Scudder family followed the Lord’s call to be missionaries to the suffering people of India. Though it was never her plan for her life, Ida found herself among the ranks of Scudder missionaries.

Ida was born in India; it was the only life she had really ever known. But she could not wait to leave the poverty, hunger, and desperation of India behind; Ida wanted to be in the United States; she wanted to be an ordinary American girl and have a carefree, happy life; and preteen Ida wanted to marry a millionaire.

It seemed Ida might get her dream when her parents returned to the States on furlough. Young Ida was thrilled to be embarking on a new life half a world away from that “horrible country, with its heat, dust, noise, and smells.” But her joy was short-lived; two years later, her mother and father returned to India, leaving Ida in the care of relatives in Chicago. Though Ida suffered ongoing grief from the separation, she had no desire to ever become a missionary.

Ida remained in the U.S., graduated from high school, and continued her studies at a young ladies’ seminary founded by D. L. Moody.

Shortly after graduation in 1890, Ida’s mother fell gravely ill. Ida found herself on her way back to India to care for her mother. She had every intention of returning to her American dreams as soon as possible.

One night during this time, three young women went into labor simultaneously; three young husbands begged Ida to attend the childbirth. Though Ida’s father was a doctor, none of the women would accept his care for such an intimate condition. Ida did all she could, but the next morning, all three young women were dead. Ida prayed and struggled as she contemplated the plight of the women of India. In the end, Ida told her parents she would be returning to the States to become a doctor. She had heard and obeyed the Lord’s call to become a medical missionary.

After graduating from Cornell Medical College in 1900, Dr. Ida Scudder returned to India. She brought with her ten thousand dollars, donated by a wealthy American woman to build a hospital. It was two years before the 1343

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hospital was built; meanwhile, Ida worked out of one small room in her home, set up as a dispensary. The initial distrust of a woman doctor soon wore off, and Ida often treated several hundred patients a day. She was known to sigh, “Oh, for the quiet order of a well-run insane asylum!” One journal entry read, “Long and intensely interesting day. 478 patients with 77 lepers.”

In order to meet the staggering demand for medical help, Ida opened a nursing school. Her first class graduated in 1905, but Ida’s vision did not end there. She began training women as doctors; the first class graduated in 1922.

By 1928, the school was officially a medical college that would one day become Vellore Medical College, a highly respected, coed educational complex.

Many times the school struggled financially, but through Ida’s herculean efforts, medical educations continued. Her own words show her dedication and determination: “First ponder, then dare. Know your facts. Count the cost.

Money is not the most important thing. What you are building is not a medical school. It is the kingdom of God. Don’t err on the side of being too small. If this is the will of God that we should keep the college open, it has to be done.”

Ida never married a millionaire, but she did get to live in a mansion when she retired. The beautiful home in India was sold to her at a bargain price. She lived her last years there, gardening and keeping her eye on the nearby hospital and medical school.

To this day, the example of Ida and her family calls out to the body of Christ in our nation, spurring us on toward love and good works.

For more on Service, see the articles on pages 888, 1082, 1145, 1148, 1180, 1238, 1326, 1384 & 1394.

called Uncircumcision by what is called the Circumcision made in the flesh by hands—­ 12that at that time you were without Christ, being aliens from the commonwealth of Israel and strangers from the covenants of promise, having no hope and without God in the world.

13But now in Christ ­Jesus you who once were far off have been brought near by the blood of Christ.

Christ Our Peace 14For He Himself is our peace, who has made both one, and has broken down the middle wall of separation, 15having abolished in His flesh the enmity, that is, the law of commandments contained in ordinances, so as to create in Himself one new man from the two, thus making peace, 16and that He might reconcile them both to God in one body through the cross, thereby putting to death the enmity. 17And He came and preached peace to you who were afar off and to those who were near. 18For through Him we both have access by one Spirit to the Father.

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Christ Our Cornerstone 19Now, therefore, you are no longer strangers and foreigners, but fellow citizens with the saints and members of the household of God, 20having been built on the foundation of the apostles and prophets, ­Jesus Christ Himself being the chief cornerstone, 21in whom the whole building, being fitted together, grows into a holy temple in the Lord, 22in whom you also are being built together for a dwelling place of God in the Spirit.

The Mystery Revealed ‌For this reason I, Paul, the prisoner of Christ ­Jesus for you Gentiles—­2if indeed you have heard of the dispensation of the grace of God which was given to me for you, 3how that by revelation He made known to me the mystery (as I have briefly written already, 4by which, when you read, you may understand my knowledge in the mystery of Christ), 5which in other ages was not made known to the sons of men, as it has now been revealed by the Spirit to His holy

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apostles and prophets: 6that the Gentiles

should be fellow heirs, of the same body, and partakers of His promise in Christ through the gospel, 7of which I became a minister according to the gift of the grace of God given to me by the effective working of His power.

Each of us is called to serve our own generation.

A. Wetherell Johnson 1907–1984

Purpose of the Mystery 8 To me, who am less than the least of all the saints, this grace was given, that I should preach among the Gentiles the unsearchable riches of Christ, 9and to make all see what is the fellowshipa of the mystery, which from the beginning of the ages has been hidden in God who created all things through ­Jesus Christ;b 10to the intent that now the manifold wisdom of God might be made known by the church to the principalities and powers in the heavenly ­places, 11according to the eternal purpose which He accomplished in Christ ­Jesus our Lord, 12in whom we have boldness and access with confidence through faith in Him. 13 Therefore I ask that you do not lose heart at my tribulations for you, which is your glory.

Appreciation of the Mystery 14For this reason I bow my knees to the Father of our Lord ­Jesus Christ,a 15from whom the whole family in heaven and earth is named, 16that He would grant you, according to the riches of His glory, to be strengthened with might through His Spirit in the inner man, 17that Christ may dwell in your hearts through faith; that you, being rooted and grounded in love, 18may be able to comprehend with all the saints what is the width and length and depth and height—­ 19to know the love of Christ which passes knowledge; that you may be filled with all the fullness of God. 20Now to Him who is able to do exceedingly abundantly above all that we ask or think, according to the power

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Ephesians 4:16 21to

that works in us, Him be glory in the church by Christ ­Jesus to all generations, forever and ever. Amen.

Walk in Unity ‌I, therefore, the prisoner of the Lord, beseech you to walk worthy of the calling with which you were called, 2with all lowliness and gentleness, with longsuffering, bearing with one another in love, 3endeavoring to keep the unity of the Spirit in the bond of peace. 4 There is one body and one Spirit, just as you were called in one hope of your calling; 5one Lord, one faith, one baptism; 6one God and Father of all, who is above all, and through all, and in youa all.

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Spiritual Gifts 7But to each one of us grace was given according to the measure of Christ’s gift. 8 Therefore He says: “When He ascended on high, He led captivity captive, And gave gifts to men.” a 9(Now this, “He ascended” —­what does it mean but that He also ­firsta descended into the lower parts of the earth? 10He who descended is also the One who ascended far above all the heavens, that He might fill all things.)

11And He Himself gave some to be apostles, some prophets, some evangelists, and some pastors and teachers, 12for the equipping of the saints for the work of ministry, for the edifying of the body of Christ, 13till we all come to the unity of the faith and of the knowledge of the Son of God, to a perfect man, to the measure of the stature of the fullness of Christ; 14that we should no longer be children, tossed to and fro and carried about with every wind of doctrine, by the trickery of men, in the cunning craftiness of deceitful plotting, 15but, speaking the truth in love, may grow up in all things into Him who is the head—­Christ—­ 16from whom the whole body, joined and knit together by what every joint supplies, according to the effective working by which every

3:9 a NU‑­Text and M‑­Text read stewardship (dispensation). b NU‑­Text omits through Jesus Christ. ​3:14 a NU‑­Text omits of our Lord Jesus Christ. ​4:6 a NU‑­Text omits you; M‑­Text reads us. ​4:8 a Psalm 68:18 ​ 4:9 a NU‑­Text omits first.

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part does its share, causes growth of the body for the edifying of itself in love.

The New Man 17 This I say, therefore, and testify in the Lord, that you should no longer walk as the rest of a the Gentiles walk, in the futility of their mind, 18having their understanding darkened, being alienated from the life of God, because of the ignorance that is in them, because of the blindness of their heart; 19who, being past feeling, have given themselves over to lewdness, to work all uncleanness with greediness.

20But you have not so learned Christ, 21if indeed you have heard Him and have been taught by Him, as the truth is in ­Jesus: 22that you put off, concerning your former conduct, the old man which grows corrupt according to the deceitful lusts, 23and be renewed in the spirit of your mind, 24and that you put on the new man which was created according to God, in true righteousness and holiness.

Do Not Grieve the Spirit 25 Therefore, putting away lying, “Let each one of you speak truth with his neighbor,” a for we are members of one another. 26“Be angry, and do not sin” :a do not let the sun go down on your wrath, 27nor give place to the devil.

28Let him who stole steal no longer, but rather let him labor, working with his hands what is good, that he may have something to give him who has need.

29Let no corrupt word proceed out of your mouth, but what is good for necessary edification, that it may impart grace to the hearers. 30And do not grieve the Holy Spirit of God, by whom you were sealed for the day of redemption. 31Let all bitterness, wrath, anger, clamor, and evil speaking be put away from you, with all malice. 32And be kind to one another, tenderhearted, forgiving one another, even as God in Christ forgave you.

Walk in Love ‌Therefore be imitators of God as dear children. 2And walk in love, as Christ also has loved us and given Himself for us, an offering and a sacrifice to God for a sweet-­smelling aroma.

3But fornication and all uncleanness or covetousness, let it not even be named

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among you, as is fitting for saints; 4neither filthiness, nor foolish talking, nor coarse jesting, which are not fitting, but rather giving of thanks. 5For this you know,a that no fornicator, unclean person, nor covetous man, who is an idolater, has any inheritance in the kingdom of Christ and God. 6Let no one deceive you with empty words, for because of these things the wrath of God comes upon the sons of disobedience. 7 Therefore do not be partakers with them.

God asks husbands to love their wives enough to die for them. He asks wives to love their husbands enough to live for them.

Betty S. Bender 1927–

Walk in Light 8For you were once darkness, but now you are light in the Lord. Walk as children of light 9(for the fruit of the Spirita is in all goodness, righteousness, and truth), 10finding out what is acceptable to the Lord. 11And have no fellowship with the unfruitful works of darkness, but rather expose them. 12For it is shameful even to speak of those things which are done by them in secret. 13But all things that are exposed are made manifest by the light, for whatever makes manifest is light. 14 Therefore He says: “Awake, you who sleep, Arise from the dead, And Christ will give you light.”

Walk in Wisdom 15See then that you walk circumspectly, not as fools but as wise, 16redeeming the time, because the days are evil.

17 Therefore do not be unwise, but understand what the will of the Lord is. 18And do not be drunk with wine, in which is dissipation; but be filled with ​4:17 a NU‑­Text omits the rest of. ​ 4:25 a Zechariah 8:16 ​4:26 a Psalm 4:4 ​ 5:5 a NU‑­Text reads For know this. ​5:9 a NU‑­ Text reads light. ​

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Ephesians 6:8

the Spirit, to one another in psalms and hymns and spiritual songs, singing and making melody in your heart to the Lord, 20giving thanks always for all things to God the Father in the name of our Lord ­Jesus Christ, 21submitting to one another in the fear of God.a

eyeservice, as men-­pleasers, but as bondservants of Christ, doing the will of God from the heart, 7with goodwill doing service, as to the Lord, and not to men, 8knowing that whatever good anyone does, he will receive the same from the Lord, whether he is a slave or free.

Marriage—­Christ and the Church 22 Wives, submit to your own husbands, as to the Lord. 23For the husband is head of the wife, as also Christ is head of the church; and He is the Savior of the body. 24 Therefore, just as the church is subject to Christ, so let the wives be to their own husbands in everything.

25Husbands, love your wives, just as Christ also loved the church and gave Himself for her, 26that He might sanctify and cleanse her with the washing of water by the word, 27that He might pre­ sent her to Himself a glorious church, not having spot or wrinkle or any such thing, but that she should be holy and without blemish. 28So husbands ought to love their own wives as their own bodies; he who loves his wife loves himself.

29For no one ever hated his own flesh, but nourishes and cherishes it, just as the Lord does the church. 30For we are members of His body,a of His flesh and of His bones. 31“For this reason a man shall leave his father and mother and be joined to his wife, and the two shall become one flesh.” a 32 This is a great mystery, but I speak concerning Christ and the church. 33Nevertheless let each one of you in particular so love his own wife as himself, and let the wife see that she respects her ­husband.

5:21 a NU‑­Text reads Christ. ​5:30 a NU‑­Text omits the rest of this verse. ​5:31 a Genesis 2:24 ​6:3 a Deuteronomy 5:16 ​

Children and Parents ‌Children, obey your parents in the Lord, for this is right. 2“Honor your father and mother,” which is the first commandment with promise: 3“that it may be well with you and you may live long on the earth.” a 4And you, fathers, do not provoke your children to wrath, but bring them up in the training and admonition of the Lord.

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Bondservants and Masters 5Bondservants, be obedient to those who are your masters according to the flesh, with fear and trembling, in sincerity of heart, as to Christ; 6not with

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TRUTH Steadfast in the Faith

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Ephesians 6:10

ithin Ephesians 6:13, 14 are the words, “Having done all to stand.

Stand.” Granted, to extract only these portions of the whole ignores any punctuation and blends two thoughts. However, the resulting statement is a powerful directive. In it resides the definition of steadfast.

A steadfast heart requires two elements: one must be convinced of truth and willing to take risks in defense of that truth. Throughout our history, the cause of freedom has prompted millions of men and women to risk all; the truth that all are created equal lies at the heart of that cause. Yet even more striking are the numbers of the faithful who have steadfastly held to faith.

In considering this virtue, many women who have helped form our country come to mind. Perhaps one of the greatest examples of a steadfast soul is found in Queen Liliuokalani of Hawaii.

Though her faith and her beliefs were sorely tried by those who attempted to pervert the Christian faith, Liliuokalani held fast to her convictions. She determined to live her life based on the life and teachings of her Lord. She allowed God’s wisdom to guide her in her choices, took a stand on the foundation of her faith, and would not be moved. Her legacy still lives as a beacon to all, of the incredible influence of one who holds steadfastly to a vibrant and sure faith.

For more on Truth, see pages 1167 & 1217.

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9And

you, masters, do the same things to them, giving up threatening, knowing that your own Master alsoa is in heaven, and there is no partiality with Him. The Whole Armor of God 10Finally, my brethren, be strong in the Lord and in the power of His might.

11Put on the whole armor of God, that you may be able to stand against the wiles of the devil. 12For we do not wrestle against flesh and blood, but against principalities, against powers, against the rulers of the darkness of this age,a against spiritual hosts of wickedness in the heavenly places. 13 Therefore take up the whole armor of God, that you may be able to withstand in the evil day, and having done all, to stand.

14Stand therefore, having girded your waist with truth, having put on the breastplate of righteousness, 15and having shod your feet with the preparation of the gospel of peace; 16above all, taking the shield of faith with which you will be able to quench all the fiery darts of the wicked one. 17And take the helmet of salvation, and the sword of the Spir-

it, which is the word of God; 18praying always with all prayer and supplication in the Spirit, being watchful to this end with all perseverance and supplication for all the saints—­19and for me, that utterance may be given to me, that I may open my mouth boldly to make known the mystery of the gospel, 20for which I am an ambassador in chains; that in it I may speak boldly, as I ought to speak.

A Gracious Greeting 21But that you also may know my affairs and how I am doing, Tychicus, a beloved brother and faithful minister in the Lord, will make all things known to you; 22whom I have sent to you for this very purpose, that you may know our affairs, and that he may comfort your hearts.

23Peace to the brethren, and love with faith, from God the Father and the Lord J­esus Christ. 24Grace be with all those who love our Lord ­Jesus Christ in sincerity. Amen.

6:9 a NU‑­Text reads He who is both their Master and yours. ​6:12 a NU‑­Text reads rulers of this darkness.

Au

D

Se

Ph le a an ta pr

Th

Ph st tim th in se

In

Af in he lif Ju Ly

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PHILIPPIANSs Author: Paul Date: Around a.d. 60 Setting: Philippi Philippi, named for Philip of Macedon (the father of Alexander the Great), was the leading city of Macedonia (present-day Greece), and was also granted the status of a Roman colony. For the Philippians, this designation made a tremendous social and psychological difference. Like all other Roman citizens, they were exempt from taxes, could buy and sell as they pleased, could file legal suits, and could assume privileges appropriate to being part of the Roman Empire.

Theme: To Live Is Christ Philippians is an epistle of joy and encouragement in the midst of adverse circumstances. Paul writes a letter of thanks to the believers in Philippi for their help in a time of need, and he lovingly urges them to center their actions and thoughts on the pursuit of the person and power of Christ. His central thought is simple: only in Christ are real unity and joy possible. With Christ as our model of humility and service, we can enjoy oneness of purpose, attitude, goal, and labor.

Insights After Paul arrived in Philippi, he met a wealthy woman named Lydia, who believed in the gospel (Acts 16). Once she and her household were baptized, she opened up her home and invited Paul and his fellow workers to stay with her. She gave her life to Christ and immediately began practicing hospitality to her fellow believers.

Just like American women Martha Washington, Dolley Madison, and Sarah Edwards, Lydia leaves a beautiful legacy of faith and hospitality.

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Greeting ‌Paul and Timothy, bondservants of ­Jesus Christ,

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To all the saints in Christ ­Jesus who are in Philippi, with the bishopsa and deacons: 2Grace to you and peace from God our Father and the Lord ­Jesus Christ.

Thankfulness and Prayer 3I thank my God upon every remembrance of you, 4always in every prayer of mine making request for you all with joy, 5for your fellowship in the gospel from the first day until now, 6being confident of this very thing, that He who has begun a good work in you will complete it until the day of J­ esus Christ; 7just as it is right for me to think this of you all, because I have you in my heart, inasmuch as both in my chains and in the defense and confirmation of the gospel, you all are partakers with me of grace. 8For God is my witness, how greatly I long for you all with the affection of ­Jesus Christ.

9And this I pray, that your love may abound still more and more in knowledge and all discernment, 10that you may approve the things that are excellent, that you may be sincere and without offense till the day of Christ, 11being filled with the fruits of righteousness which are by J­ esus Christ, to the glory and praise of God. Christ Is Preached 12But I want you to know, brethren, that the things which happened to me have actually turned out for the furtherance of the gospel, 13so that it has become evident to the whole palace guard, and to all the rest, that my chains are in Christ; 14and most of the brethren in the Lord, having become confident by my chains, are much more bold to speak the word without fear.

15Some indeed preach Christ even from envy and strife, and some also from goodwill: 16 The former a preach Christ from selfish ambition, not sincerely, supposing to add affliction to my chains; 17but the latter out of love, knowing that I am appointed for the defense of the gospel. 18 What then? Only that in every way, whether in pretense or in truth, Christ is preached; and in this I rejoice, yes, and will rejoice.

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To Live Is Christ 19For I know that this will turn out for my deliverance through your prayer and the supply of the Spirit of ­Jesus Christ, 20according to my earnest expectation and hope that in nothing I shall be ashamed, but with all boldness, as always, so now also Christ will be magnified in my body, whether by life or 1:1 a Literally overseers ​1:16 a NU‑­Text reverses the contents of verses 16 and 17. ​

HOPEFULNESS Mother of Sing Sing

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Philippians 1:27

n 1921, Lewis E. Lawes and his wife Kathryn moved to New York. He had taken a job as warden of Sing Sing prison. The institution had a reputation for being a hard, tough place, devoid of hope. By the time he retired, Sing Sing had undergone an incredible transformation; Lewis credited his wife, Kathryn.

Kathryn went to the prison yard almost every day. She even took their three little girls to the weekly prison basketball game. It never occurred to her that there might be any danger. “We care for the boys, and they care for us,” she used to say. She made it possible for a blind prisoner to learn to read Braille, and she learned sign language so that she could communicate with a deaf prisoner who worked in her home. She saw the special burden carried by prisoners’ families, and often brought their wives to her home to minister encouragement to them.

The men called her “Mother” and had her picture on their walls. By her loving example, she brought a new spirit to the prison, a spirit of kindness and hope.

When she died, the men wanted to say farewell to their “Mother,” whose love and trust had touched them so deeply.

Out of respect, the prisoners marched two abreast—without guards—from Sing Sing to her home to walk past her casket, and then every one of them returned to the prison.

For more on Hopefulness, see pages 868 & 1364.

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to me, to live is Christ, by death. and to die is gain. 22But if I live on in the flesh, this will mean fruit from my labor; yet what I shall choose I cannot tell. 23For a I am hard-­pressed between the two, having a desire to depart and be with Christ, which is far better. 24Never­ theless to remain in the flesh is more needful for you. 25And being confident of this, I know that I shall remain and continue with you all for your progress and joy of faith, 26that your rejoicing for me may be more abundant in ­Jesus Christ by my coming to you again.

Striving and Suffering for Christ 27Only let your conduct be worthy of the gospel of Christ, so that whether I come and see you or am absent, I may hear of your affairs, that you stand fast in one spirit, with one mind striving together for the faith of the gospel, 28and not in any way terrified by your adversaries, which is to them a proof of perdition, but to you of salvation,a and that from God. 29For to you it has been granted on behalf of Christ, not only to believe in Him, but also to suffer for His sake, 30having the same conflict which you saw in me and now hear is in me.

Unity Through Humility ‌Therefore if there is any consolation in Christ, if any comfort of love, if any fellowship of the Spirit, if any affection and mercy, 2fulfill my joy by being like-­minded, having the same love, being of one accord, of one mind. 3Let nothing be done through selfish ambition or conceit, but in lowliness of mind let each esteem others better than himself.

4Let each of you look out not only for his own interests, but also for the interests of others.

2

The Humbled and Exalted Christ 5Let this mind be in you which was also in Christ J­ esus, 6who, being in the form of God, did not consider it robbery to be equal with God, 7but made Himself of no reputation, taking the form of a bondservant, and coming in the likeness of men. 8And being found in appearance as a man, He humbled Himself and became obedient to the point of death, even the death of the cross. 9 Therefore God also has highly exalted Him and given Him the name which is above every

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Philippians 2:15 10that

name, at the name of ­Jesus every knee should bow, of those in heaven, and of those on earth, and of those under the earth, 11and that every tongue should confess that ­Jesus Christ is Lord, to the glory of God the ­Father.

Light Bearers 12 Therefore, my beloved, as you have always obeyed, not as in my presence only, but now much more in my absence, work out your own salvation with fear and trembling; 13for it is God who works in you both to will and to do for His good pleasure.

14Do all things without complaining and disputing, 15that you may become blameless and harmless, children of God without fault in the midst of a crooked 1:23 a NU‑­Text and M‑­Text read But. ​ 1:28 a NU‑­Text reads of your salvation. ​

GENEROSITY Secret Concern

A

Philippians 2:4

nna Harrison is the First Lady who never made it to Washington. She was ill at the time of her husband’s inauguration, so she stayed home. One month later, before she was fully recovered, William Henry Harrison died of pneumonia—most likely a result of being thoroughly chilled at his inauguration.

Anna lived to be eighty-eight years old, outliving all but one of her ten children. Many years after her death, this testimony was written about her: Every public and private charity was near her heart, and received liberally from her hand. But those who enjoyed her bounty knew not its source. To a poor minister she would write, “Accept this trifle from a friend.” To the Bethel Sabbath School, “This is but a widow’s mite.” To the suffering poor of the country, “Please distribute this from one who wishes it was a thousand times more.”

For more on Generosity, see pages 1172 & 1266.

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and perverse generation, among whom you shine as lights in the world, 16holding fast the word of life, so that I may rejoice in the day of Christ that I have not run in vain or labored in vain.

17 Yes, and if I am being poured out as a drink offering on the sacrifice and service of your faith, I am glad and rejoice with you all. 18For the same reason you also be glad and rejoice with me.

Timothy Commended 19But I trust in the Lord ­Jesus to send Timothy to you shortly, that I also may be encouraged when I know your state.

20For I have no one like-­minded, who will sincerely care for your state. 21For all seek their own, not the things which are of Christ J­ esus. 22But you know his proven character, that as a son with his father he served with me in the gospel.

23 Therefore I hope to send him at once, as soon as I see how it goes with me.

24But I trust in the Lord that I myself shall also come shortly.

Epaphroditus Praised 25 Yet I considered it necessary to send to you Epaphroditus, my brother, fellow worker, and fellow soldier, but your messenger and the one who ministered to my need; 26since he was longing for you all, and was distressed because you had heard that he was sick. 27For indeed he was sick almost unto death; but God had mercy on him, and not only on him but on me also, lest I should have sorrow upon sorrow. 28 Therefore I sent him the more eagerly, that when you see him again you may rejoice, and I may be less sorrowful. 29Receive him therefore in the Lord with all gladness, and hold such men in esteem; 30because for the work of Christ he came close to death, not regarding his life, to supply what was lacking in your service toward me.

All for Christ ‌Finally, my brethren, rejoice in the Lord. For me to write the same things to you is not tedious, but for you it is safe.

2Beware of dogs, beware of evil workers, beware of the mutilation! 3For we are the circumcision, who worship God in the Spirit,a rejoice in Christ J­ esus, and have no confidence in the flesh, 4though I also might have confidence in the flesh.

3

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If anyone else thinks he may have confidence in the flesh, I more so: 5circumcised the eighth day, of the stock of Israel, of the tribe of Benjamin, a Hebrew of the Hebrews; concerning the law, a Pharisee; 6concerning zeal, persecuting the church; concerning the righteousness which is in the law, blameless.

7But what things were gain to me, these I have counted loss for Christ.

8 Yet indeed I also count all things loss for the excellence of the knowledge of Christ ­Jesus my Lord, for whom I have suffered the loss of all things, and count them as rubbish, that I may gain Christ 9and be found in Him, not having my own righteousness, which is from the law, but that which is through faith in Christ, the righteousness which is from God by faith; 10that I may know Him and the power of His resurrection, and the fellowship of His sufferings, being conformed to His death, 11if, by any means, I may attain to the resurrection from the dead.

Pressing Toward the Goal 12Not that I have already attained, or am already perfected; but I press on, that I may lay hold of that for which Christ ­Jesus has also laid hold of me. 13Brethren, I do not count myself to have apprehended; but one thing I do, forgetting those things which are behind and reaching forward to those things which are ahead, 14I press toward the goal for the prize of the upward call of God in Christ ­Jesus.

15 Therefore let us, as many as are mature, have this mind; and if in anything you think otherwise, God will reveal even this to you. 16Nevertheless, to the degree that we have already attained, let us walk by the same rule,a let us be of the same mind.

Our Citizenship in Heaven 17Brethren, join in following my example, and note those who so walk, as you have us for a pattern. 18For many walk, of whom I have told you often, and now tell you even weeping, that they are the enemies of the cross of Christ: 19whose end is destruction, whose god 3:3 a NU‑­Text and M‑­Text read who worship in the Spirit of God. ​3:16 a NU‑­Text omits rule and the rest of the verse. ​

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is their belly, and whose glory is in their shame—­who set their mind on earthly things. 20For our citizenship is in heaven, from which we also eagerly wait for the Savior, the Lord ­Jesus Christ, 21who will transform our lowly body that it may be conformed to His glorious body, according to the working by which He is able even to subdue all things to Himself. ‌Therefore, my beloved and longed-­ for brethren, my joy and crown, so stand fast in the Lord, beloved.

4

What we are is God’s gift to us.

What we become is our gift to God.

Eleanor Powell 1912–1982

Be United, Joyful, and in Prayer 2I implore Euodia and I implore Syntyche to be of the same mind in the Lord.

3Anda I urge you also, true companion, help these women who labored with me in the gospel, with Clement also, and the rest of my fellow workers, whose names are in the Book of Life.

4Rejoice in the Lord always. Again I will say, rejoice!

5Let your gentleness be known to all men. The Lord is at hand.

6Be anxious for nothing, but in everything by prayer and supplication, with thanksgiving, let your requests be made known to God; 7and the peace of God, which surpasses all understanding, will guard your hearts and minds through Christ ­Jesus.

Meditate on These Things 8Finally, brethren, whatever things are true, whatever things are noble, whatever things are just, whatever things are pure, whatever things are lovely, whatever things are of good report, if there is any virtue and if there

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Philippians 4:23

is anything praiseworthy—­meditate on these things. 9 The things which you learned and received and heard and saw in me, these do, and the God of peace will be with you.

Philippian Generosity 10But I rejoiced in the Lord greatly that now at last your care for me has flourished again; though you surely did care, but you lacked opportunity. 11Not that I speak in regard to need, for I have learned in whatever state I am, to be content: 12I know how to be abased, and I know how to abound. Everywhere and in all things I have learned both to be full and to be hungry, both to abound and to suffer need. 13I can do all things through Christa who strengthens me.

14Nevertheless you have done well that you shared in my distress. 15Now you Philippians know also that in the beginning of the gospel, when I departed from Macedonia, no church shared with me concerning giving and receiving but you only. 16For even in Thessalonica you sent aid once and again for my necessities. 17Not that I seek the gift, but I seek the fruit that abounds to your account. 18Indeed I have all and abound. I am full, having received from Epaph­ro­ di­tus the things sent from you, a sweet-­ smelling aroma, an acceptable sacrifice, well pleasing to God. 19And my God shall supply all your need according to His riches in glory by Christ J­esus.

20Now to our God and Father be glory forever and ever. Amen.

Greeting and Blessing 21Greet every saint in Christ ­Jesus.

The brethren who are with me greet you. 22All the saints greet you, but especially those who are of Caesar’s household.

23 The grace of our Lord ­Jesus Christ be with you all.a Amen.

4:3 a NU‑­Text and M‑­Text read Yes. ​ 4:13 a NU‑­Text reads Him who. ​4:23 a NU‑­ Text reads your spirit.

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COLOSSIANSs Author: Paul Date: Around a.d. 60 Setting: Colosse The city of Colosse was about one hundred miles from Ephesus and the church at Colosse was a predominantly Gentile church. The faith of these new converts was being distorted by false teachings and mysticism. It was also being threatened by some claiming Jewish laws and customs were needed for salvation.

Theme: The Preeminence of Christ Colossians is perhaps the most Christ-centered book in the Bible. Paul stresses the preeminence of Christ and the completeness of the salvation He provides. A proper view of Christ is always the most powerful antidote to heresy. The Colossians needed to guard the truth of the gospel and Paul was equipping them to do so. He also provides Christian readers with a practical theology for day-to-day living and growth in the faith.

Insights “This We’ll Defend” is the motto of the U.S. Army. Those three simple words carry profound meaning. Our nation is worth defending, by each citizen. For the average American, this defense may look like helping one another in a time of crisis or standing up for the truths upon which we were founded.

As a citizen of the kingdom of God, Paul defended the truth of the gospel and, through his words, encourages all Christians to do the same. True understanding of who Christ is will always be worth defending with everything we have.

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at as by

he pns He nd

ry ge or

d, of

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Greeting ‌Paul, an apostle of J­esus Christ by the will of God, and Timothy our brother,

1

2 To

the saints and faithful brethren in Christ who are in Colosse: Grace to you and peace from God our Father and the Lord ­Jesus Christ.a Their Faith in Christ 3 We give thanks to the God and Father of our Lord ­Jesus Christ, praying always for you, 4since we heard of your faith in Christ ­Jesus and of your love for all the saints; 5because of the hope which is laid up for you in heaven, of which you heard before in the word of the truth of the gospel, 6which has come to you, as it has also in all the world, and is bringing forth fruit,a as it is also among you since the day you heard and knew the grace of God in truth; 7as you also learned from Epaphras, our dear fellow servant, who is a faithful minister of Christ on your behalf, 8who also declared to us your love in the Spirit.

Preeminence of Christ 9For this reason we also, since the day we heard it, do not cease to pray for you, and to ask that you may be filled with the knowledge of His will in all wisdom and spiritual understanding; 10that you may walk worthy of the Lord, fully pleasing Him, being fruitful in every good work and increasing in the knowledge of God; 11strengthened with all might, according to His glorious power, for all patience and longsuffering with joy; 12giving thanks to the Father who has qualified us to be partakers of the inheritance of the saints in the light.

13He has delivered us from the power of darkness and conveyed us into the kingdom of the Son of His love, 14in whom we have redemption through His blood,a the forgiveness of sins.

15He is the image of the invisible God, the firstborn over all creation.

16For by Him all things were created that are in heaven and that are on earth, visible and invisible, whether thrones or dominions or principalities or powers. All things were created through Him and for Him. 17And He is before all things, and in Him all things consist. 18And He is the head of the body, the church, who

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Colossians 2:2

is the beginning, the firstborn from the dead, that in all things He may have the preeminence.

Reconciled in Christ 19For it pleased the Father that in Him all the fullness should dwell, 20and

by Him to reconcile all things to Himself, by Him, whether things on earth or things in heaven, having made peace through the blood of His cross.

21And you, who once were alienated and enemies in your mind by wicked works, yet now He has reconciled 22in the body of His flesh through death, to pre­sent you holy, and blameless, and above reproach in His sight—­23if indeed you continue in the faith, grounded and steadfast, and are not moved away from the hope of the gospel which you heard, which was preached to every creature under heaven, of which I, Paul, became a minister.

Sacrificial Service for Christ 24I now rejoice in my sufferings for you, and fill up in my flesh what is lacking in the afflictions of Christ, for the sake of His body, which is the church, 25of which I became a minister according to the stewardship from God which was given to me for you, to fulfill the word of God, 26the mystery which has been hidden from ages and from generations, but now has been revealed to His saints. 27 To them God willed to make known what are the riches of the glory of this mystery among the Gentiles: whicha is Christ in you, the hope of glory. 28Him we preach, warning every man and teaching every man in all wisdom, that we may present every man perfect in Christ ­Jesus. 29 To this end I also labor, striving according to His working which works in me mightily.

Not Philosophy but Christ ‌For I want you to know what a great conflict I have for you and those in Laodicea, and for as many as have not seen my face in the flesh, 2that their hearts may be encouraged, being knit together in love, and attaining to all ­riches

2

1:2 a NU‑­Text omits and the Lord Jesus Christ. ​ 1:6 a NU‑­Text and M‑­Text add and ­growing. ​ 1:14 a NU‑­Text and M‑­Text omit through His blood. ​1:27 a M‑­Text reads who. ​

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of the full assurance of understanding, to the knowledge of the mystery of God, both of the Father anda of Christ, 3in whom are hidden all the treasures of wisdom and knowledge.

4Now this I say lest anyone should deceive you with persuasive words. 5For though I am absent in the flesh, yet I am with you in spirit, rejoicing to see your good order and the steadfastness of your faith in Christ.

I am convinced that the influence of an army of godly women will be incalculable—in our homes, our churches, and our culture.

Nancy Leigh DeMoss 1959–

6As you therefore have received Christ ­Jesus the Lord, so walk in Him, 7rooted and built up in Him and established in the faith, as you have been taught, abounding in ita with thanksgiving.

8Beware lest anyone cheat you through philosophy and empty deceit, according to the tradition of men, according to the basic principles of the world, and not according to Christ. 9For in Him dwells all the fullness of the Godhead bodily; 10and you are complete in Him, who is the head of all principality and power.

Not Legalism but Christ 11In Him you were also circumcised with the circumcision made without hands, by putting off the body of the sinsa of the flesh, by the circumcision of Christ, 12buried with Him in baptism, in which you also were raised with Him through faith in the working of God, who raised Him from the dead. 13And you, being dead in your trespasses and the uncircumcision of your flesh, He has made alive together with Him, having forgiven you all ­trespasses, 14having wiped out the handwriting of requirements that was against us, which was contrary to us. And He has taken it out of the way, having nailed it to the cross.

15Having disarmed principalities and

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powers, He made a public spectacle of them, triumphing over them in it.

16So let no one judge you in food or in drink, or regarding a festival or a new moon or sabbaths, 17which are a shadow of things to come, but the substance is of Christ. 18Let no one cheat you of your reward, taking delight in false humility and worship of angels, intruding into those things which he has nota seen, vainly puffed up by his fleshly mind, 19and not holding fast to the Head, from whom all the body, nourished and knit together by joints and ligaments, grows with the increase that is from God. 20 Therefore,a if you died with Christ from the basic principles of the world, why, as though living in the world, do you subject yourselves to regulations—­ 21“Do not touch, do not taste, do not handle,” 22which all concern things which perish with the using—­according to the commandments and doctrines of men? 23 These things indeed have an appearance of wisdom in self-­imposed religion, false humility, and neglect of the body, but are of no value against the indulgence of the flesh.

Not Carnality but Christ ‌If then you were raised with Christ, seek those things which are above, where Christ is, sitting at the right hand of God. 2Set your mind on things above, not on things on the earth. 3For you died, and your life is hidden with Christ in God. 4 When Christ who is our life appears, then you also will appear with Him in glory.

5 Therefore put to death your members which are on the earth: fornication, uncleanness, passion, evil desire, and covetousness, which is idolatry. 6Because of these things the wrath of God is coming upon the sons of disobedience, 7in which you yourselves once walked when you lived in them.

8But now you yourselves are to put off all these: anger, wrath, malice, blasphemy, filthy language out of your mouth. 9Do not lie to one another, since you have put off the old man with his deeds, 10and have put on the new man who is renewed in knowledge according

3

2:2 a NU‑­Text omits both of the Father and. ​ 2:7 a NU‑­Text omits in it. ​2:11 a NU‑­Text omits of the sins. ​2:18 a NU‑­Text omits not. ​ 2:20 a NU‑­Text and M‑­Text omit Therefore. ​

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FORGIVENESS A BI OG RAP H Y

Coretta Scott King 1927– 2006

“If anyone has a complaint against another; even as Christ forgave you, so you also must do.”

COLOSSI A NS 3:13

Born April 27, 1927, Coretta Scott grew up on a farm in Alabama. Her parents worked hard to provide her with every advantage they could, but they could not provide her freedom from the ills of a segregated society. There were no school buses for the African-American children, their schools were poorer, they were barred from restaurants and swimming pools, and signs stating “White Only” and “Colored Only” were seen everywhere.

Still, Coretta was successful in many ways. Graduating as the valedictorian from Lincoln High School in 1945, Coretta won a scholarship to Antioch College in Yellow Springs, Ohio, where she earned a bachelor of arts in music and education. Because there was less oppression and division between races in the North, while in college, Coretta was free to become active in helping tear down barriers. She joined the local chapter of the NAACP, the Race Relations Committee, and the Civil Liberties Committee, at the school. It was through organizations like these that the modern civil rights movement was born.

In addition to her Antioch degree, Coretta also won a scholarship to study vocal performance at the New England Conservatory of Music in Boston.

While there, she met a young man who would change the course of her life; Martin Luther King Jr. was studying theology at nearby Boston University. In June of 1953, they were married.

The couple stayed in Boston until Coretta finished her degree in voice and violin, and then moved to Montgomery, Alabama. Martin had landed a job as pastor of the Dexter Avenue Baptist Church. Life seemed settled and secure, and the Kings were ready to start their family. They would soon have four children: Yolanda, Martin Luther III, Dexter Scott, and Bernice.

Racial tension escalated in Montgomery after Rosa Parks was arrested for refusing to give her bus seat to a white man. The local NAACP chapter decided to form the Montgomery Improvement Association in resistance to the unfair treatment. Martin was asked to become the head of the association; he organized the bus boycott that drew the attention of the world. Thus began the splendid career of Martin Luther King Jr. Coretta was at her husband’s side as he led peaceful protest marches in cities across the nation. Both Coretta and Martin were not only committed to fighting injustice, but determined to do so by following Jesus’ example of love and 1357

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compassion for those doing wrong. Martin became the most well-known voice in the movement, advocating nonviolent resistance and gaining the support of many thinking Americans with his passionate, yet reasonable and generous attitude. Others involved in the civil rights movement, however, saw the Kings as weak and an obstacle to the cause of equality. The Kings endured hate mail, threats of all kinds, and even the bombing of their home.

Coretta had an amazing singing voice and had studied music to further her career. However, her singing ambitions took a backseat as Coretta raised her four children. Always a woman of dynamic energy, focusing on her family did not keep her from organizing, publicizing, and performing in Freedom Concerts, a series of events that told the civil rights story through music, narration, and poetry.

The Kings were both in high demand as speakers, both nationally and internationally. Coretta became the first woman to deliver the Class Day address at Harvard. As an activist for nonviolence, international peace, and disarmament, she attended the 1962 Disarmament Conference in Geneva, Switzerland, as a delegate.

After her husband’s death by a sniper’s bullet on April 4, 1968, Coretta chose not to react with hatred and revenge, but continued to work for equality and nonviolent resolution of difficulties. She built the Martin Luther King Jr. Center for Nonviolent Social Change, which houses a civil rights museum and library and offers training and seminars. Over the next thirty-eight years, she met with world leaders, founded and supported organizations, and worked sideby-side with people seeking to spread love to those who had promoted hate. In 1969, she published a memoir, My Life with Martin Luther King Jr. Coretta remained active in social justice issues throughout her life. She led the fifteen-year campaign to establish Martin’s birthday as a national holiday.

President Ronald Reagan championed and signed the bill in 1983 that established the third Monday of January, 1984, as the first official Martin Luther King Jr. Day. In accomplishing her goal, Martin Luther King Jr.’s story and the battle for civil rights and racial equality through nonviolence has been solidified in American history. As late as 1985, she and three of her children were arrested for protesting apartheid at the South African embassy; ten years later, she stood next to Nelson Mandela as he was sworn in as president. She is widely quoted as saying, “The greatness of a community is most accurately measured by the compassionate actions of its members.”

Coretta Scott King died January 30, 2006. She was buried next to her husband with the words of 1 Corinthians 13:13 on her crypt: “And now abide faith, hope, love, these three; but the greatest of these is love.” Coretta embodied the love of Christ with her life, and her love in the face of violence remains not only an example for us as Americans but as Christ-followers.

For more on Forgiveness, see the articles on pages 53, 60, 329, 1017 & 1387.

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to the image of Him who created him, 11where there is neither Greek nor Jew, circumcised nor uncircumcised, barbarian, Scythian, slave nor free, but Christ is all and in all.

Character of the New Man 12 Therefore, as the elect of God, holy and beloved, put on tender mercies, kindness, humility, meekness, longsuffering; 13bearing with one another, and forgiving one another, if anyone has a complaint against another; even as Christ forgave you, so you also must do. 14But above all these things put on love, which is the bond of perfection.

15And let the peace of God rule in your hearts, to which also you were called in one body; and be thankful. 16Let the word of Christ dwell in you richly in all wisdom, teaching and admonishing one another in psalms and hymns and spiritual songs, singing with grace in your hearts to the Lord. 17And whatever you

DILIGENCE Rising to the Occasion

W

Colossians 3:23

hen James Garfield was a Congressman, his family lived with him in Washington, D.C. At times, his wife, Lucretia, felt burdened by baking; it occurred to her that it might help if she changed her attitude and tried to make the best bread in the world. She made a note of her newfound outlook in her diary: It seemed like an inspiration, and the whole of my life grew brighter. The very sunshine seemed flowing down through my spirit into the white loaves, and I now believe my table is furnished with better bread than ever before; this truth, as old as creation, seems just now to have become fully mine— that I need not be the shrinking slave of toil, but its regal master, making whatever I do yield its best fruits.

For more on Diligence, see pages 744 & 1193.

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do in word or deed, do all in the name of the Lord ­Jesus, giving thanks to God the Father through Him. The Christian Home 18 Wives, submit to your own husbands, as is fitting in the Lord.

19Husbands, love your wives and do not be bitter toward them.

20Children, obey your parents in all things, for this is well pleasing to the Lord.

21Fathers, do not provoke your children, lest they become discouraged.

22Bondservants, obey in all things your masters according to the flesh, not with eyeservice, as men-­pleasers, but in sincerity of heart, fearing God. 23And what­ever you do, do it heartily, as to the Lord and not to men, 24knowing that from the Lord you will receive the reward of the inheritance; for a you serve the Lord Christ. 25But he who does wrong will be repaid for what he has done, and there is no partiality.

Masters, give your bondservants ‌ what is just and fair, knowing that you also have a Master in heaven.

4

Christian Graces 2Continue earnestly in prayer, being vigilant in it with thanksgiving; 3meanwhile praying also for us, that God would open to us a door for the word, to speak the mystery of Christ, for which I am also in chains, 4that I may make it manifest, as I ought to speak.

5 Walk in wisdom toward those who are outside, redeeming the time. 6Let your speech always be with grace, seasoned with salt, that you may know how you ought to answer each one.

Final Greetings 7 Tychicus, a beloved brother, faithful minister, and fellow servant in the Lord, will tell you all the news about me. 8I am sending him to you for this very purpose, that hea may know your circumstances and comfort your hearts, 9with Onesimus, a faithful and beloved brother, who is one of you. They will make known to you all things which are happening here.

3:24 a NU‑­Text omits for. ​4:8 a NU‑­Text reads you may know our circumstances and he may. ​

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10Aristarchus

my fellow prisoner greets you, with Mark the cousin of Barnabas (about whom you received instructions: if he comes to you, welcome

ENCOURAGEMENT Beyond the Mess Colossians 4:6

B

enjamin West, a famous portrait painter at the time of the American Revolution, remembers one of his earliest attempts to paint.

He had been left to care for his little sister and used the time to paint her portrait in colored inks. He was oblivious to the mess he made; when his mother, Sarah, returned she did not scold him for the disorder. Rather, she picked up his painting and exclaimed, “Why, it’s Sally!” and gave him a kiss.

That simple act of encouragement gave Benjamin an inheritance beyond worth; it gave him his future. He liked to say, “My mother’s kiss made me a painter.”

For more on Encouragement, see pages 808 & 1365.

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him), 11and ­Jesus who is called Justus.

These are my only fellow workers for the kingdom of God who are of the circumcision; they have proved to be a comfort to me.

12Epaphras, who is one of you, a bond­servant of Christ, greets you, always laboring fervently for you in prayers, that you may stand perfect and completea in all the will of God. 13For I bear him witness that he has a great ­zeala for you, and those who are in Laodicea, and those in Hierapolis. 14Luke the beloved physician and Demas greet you. 15Greet the brethren who are in Laodicea, and Nymphas and the church that is in hisa house.

Closing Exhortations and Blessing 16Now when this epistle is read among you, see that it is read also in the church of the Laodiceans, and that you likewise read the epistle from Laodicea.

17And say to Archippus, “Take heed to the ministry which you have received in the Lord, that you may fulfill it.”

18 This salutation by my own hand—­ Paul. Remember my chains. Grace be with you. Amen.

4:12 a NU‑­Text reads fully assured. ​ 4:13 a NU‑­Text reads concern. ​4:15 a NU‑­ Text reads Nympha . . . her house.

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1 THESSALONIANSs Author: Paul Date: Around a.d. 51 Setting: Thessalonica Thessalonica was the capital of Macedonia and its largest city. It was located on the main Roman highway to the east, called the Via Egnatia. Paul’s stay in Thessalonica was cut short because of opposition from the Jewish congregation.

Theme: Holiness in Light of Christ’s Return Paul had been forced to leave the Thessalonians prematurely, and his concern for them caused him to send Timothy to check on their progress in the faith. His great relief upon hearing Timothy’s positive report prompted Paul to write this warm epistle of commendation, exhortation, and consolation. Paul closes 1 Thessalonians with instructions regarding the return of the Lord, whose advent signifies hope and comfort for believers both living and dead.

Insights Paul encouraged the young Thessalonian believers to persevere in living for God, even in the midst of persecution. He taught them not only doctrine, but also application.

When difficult times come our way, we can draw deep on our faith and learn even more about our Savior. American hymn writer Eliza E. Hewitt knew this firsthand. She suffered a back ailment that could become nearly incapacitating. She used this trial as an opportunity to strengthen her faith and spur her on to learn even more about Christ. This desire is reflected in her song, “More About Jesus”: More about Jesus would I know, More of His grace to others show; More of His saving fullness see, More of His love who died for me.

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Greeting ‌Paul, Silvanus, and Timothy,

1

To the church of the Thessalonians in God the Father and the Lord ­Jesus Christ: Grace to you and peace from God our Father and the Lord ­Jesus Christ.a Their Good Example 2 We give thanks to God always for you all, making mention of you in our prayers, 3remembering without ceasing your work of faith, labor of love, and patience of hope in our Lord ­Jesus Christ in the sight of our God and Father, 4knowing, beloved brethren, your election by God. 5For our gospel did not come to you in word only, but also in power, and in the Holy Spirit and in much assurance, as you know what kind of men we were among you for your sake.

6And you became followers of us and of the Lord, having received the word in much affliction, with joy of the Holy Spirit, 7so that you became examples to all in Macedonia and Achaia who believe. 8For from you the word of the Lord has sounded forth, not only in Macedonia and Achaia, but also in every place.

Your faith toward God has gone out, so that we do not need to say anything.

9For they themselves declare concerning us what manner of entry we had to you, and how you turned to God from idols to serve the living and true God, 10and to wait for His Son from heaven, whom He raised from the dead, even ­Jesus who delivers us from the wrath to come.

Paul’s Conduct ‌For you yourselves know, brethren, that our coming to you was not in vain. 2But evena after we had suffered before and were spitefully treated at Philippi, as you know, we were bold in our God to speak to you the gospel of God in much conflict. 3For our exhortation did not come from error or uncleanness, nor was it in ­deceit.

4But as we have been approved by God to be entrusted with the gospel, even so we speak, not as pleasing men, but God who tests our hearts. 5For neither at any time did we use flattering words, as you know, nor a cloak for covetousness—­God is witness. 6Nor did

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we seek glory from men, either from you or from others, when we might have made demands as apostles of Christ.

7But we were gentle among you, just as a nursing mother cherishes her own children. 8So, affectionately longing for you, we were well pleased to impart to you not only the gospel of God, but also our own lives, because you had become dear to us. 9For you remember, brethren, our labor and toil; for laboring night and day, that we might not be a burden to any of you, we preached to you the gospel of God. Great necessities call out great virtues.

Abigail Adams 1744–1818

10 You are witnesses, and God also, how devoutly and justly and blamelessly we behaved ourselves among you who believe; 11as you know how we exhorted, and comforted, and chargeda every one of you, as a father does his own children, 12that you would walk worthy of God who calls you into His own kingdom and glory.

Their Conversion 13For this reason we also thank God without ceasing, because when you received the word of God which you heard from us, you welcomed it not as the word of men, but as it is in truth, the word of God, which also effectively works in you who believe. 14For you, brethren, became imitators of the churches of God which are in Judea in Christ ­Jesus. For you also suffered the same things from your own countrymen, just as they did from the Judeans, 15who killed both the Lord J­esus and their own prophets, and have persecuted us; and they do not please God and are contrary to all men, 16forbidding us to speak to the Gentiles that they may be saved, so as always to fill up the measure 1:1 a NU‑­Text omits from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ. ​2:2 a NU‑­Text and M‑­ Text omit even. ​2:11 a NU‑­Text and M‑­Text read implored.

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of their sins; but wrath has come upon them to the uttermost.

Longing to See Them 17But we, brethren, having been taken away from you for a short time in presence, not in heart, endeavored more eagerly to see your face with great desire. 18 Therefore we wanted to come to you—­even I, Paul, time and again—­but Satan hindered us. 19For what is our hope, or joy, or crown of rejoicing? Is it not even you in the presence of our Lord ­Jesus Christ at His coming? 20For you are our glory and joy.

Concern for Their Faith ‌Therefore, when we could no longer endure it, we thought it good to be left in Athens alone, 2and sent Timothy, our brother and minister of God, and our fellow laborer in the gospel of Christ, to establish you and encourage you concerning your faith, 3that no one should be shaken by these afflictions; for you yourselves know that we are appointed to this. 4For, in fact, we told you before when we were with you that we would suffer tribulation, just as it happened, and you know. 5For this reason, when I could no longer endure it, I sent to know your faith, lest by some means the tempter had tempted you, and our labor might be in vain.

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Encouraged by Timothy 6But now that Timothy has come to us from you, and brought us good news of your faith and love, and that you always have good remembrance of us, greatly desiring to see us, as we also to see you—­7therefore, brethren, in all our affliction and distress we were comforted concerning you by your faith. 8For now we live, if you stand fast in the Lord.

9For what thanks can we render to God for you, for all the joy with which we rejoice for your sake before our God, 10night and day praying exceedingly that we may see your face and perfect what is lacking in your faith?

Prayer for the Church 11Now may our God and Father Himself, and our Lord ­Jesus Christ, direct our way to you. 12And may the

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1 Thessalonians 4:14

Lord make you increase and abound in love to one another and to all, just as we do to you, 13so that He may establish your hearts blameless in holiness before our God and Father at the coming of our Lord ­Jesus Christ with all His saints.

Plea for Purity ‌Finally then, brethren, we urge and exhort in the Lord J­esus that you should abound more and more, just as you received from us how you ought to walk and to please God; 2for you know what commandments we gave you through the Lord ­Jesus.

3For this is the will of God, your sanctification: that you should abstain from sexual immorality; 4that each of you should know how to possess his own vessel in sanctification and honor, 5not in passion of lust, like the Gentiles who do not know God; 6that no one should take advantage of and defraud his brother in this matter, because the Lord is the avenger of all such, as we also forewarned you and testified. 7For God did not call us to uncleanness, but in holiness. 8 Therefore he who rejects this does not reject man, but God, who has also givena us His Holy Spirit.

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A Brotherly and Orderly Life 9But concerning brotherly love you have no need that I should write to you, for you yourselves are taught by God to love one another; 10and indeed you do so toward all the brethren who are in all Macedonia. But we urge you, brethren, that you increase more and more; 11that you also aspire to lead a quiet life, to mind your own business, and to work with your own hands, as we commanded you, 12that you may walk properly toward those who are outside, and that you may lack nothing.

The Comfort of Christ’s Coming 13But I do not want you to be ignorant, brethren, concerning those who have fallen asleep, lest you sorrow as others who have no hope. 14For if we believe that ­Jesus died and rose again, even so God will bring with Him those who sleep in ­Jesus.a ​ :8 a NU‑­Text reads who also gives. ​4:14 a Or 4 those who through Jesus sleep ​

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15For

this we say to you by the word of the Lord, that we who are alive and remain until the coming of the Lord will by no means precede those who are asleep. 16For the Lord Himself will descend from heaven with a shout, with the voice of an archangel, and with the trumpet of God. And the dead in Christ will rise first. 17 Then we who are alive and remain shall be caught up together with them in the clouds to meet the Lord in the air. And thus we shall always be with the Lord.

18 Therefore comfort one another with these words.

HOPEFULNESS Let’s Roll

L

1 Thessalonians 4:13

isa Beamer and her husband, Todd, had returned from a business trip on September 10, 2001. Early the next morning, when Todd left to catch another flight to San Francisco, neither of them dreamed it would be his final journey.

As the news of the destruction of the World Trade Center unfolded on live television, Lisa waited anxiously to hear from Todd. Then the news flashed that there had been another plane crash, this time in a field in Pennsylvania. Lisa knew it was Todd’s flight.

Later, it was established through recorded phone conversations that Todd and others on the flight had decided to make an attempt to wreck the hijacked plane before it could reach its proposed target. Todd’s last recorded words were “Let’s roll.”

Left to raise three young children as a widow, Lisa’s actions mirrored her husband’s faith and heroism. In the midst of her own grief, she continued to think of others. She spoke publicly and wrote of her faith in God and her assurance that she would see her husband again. She commended his heroism and brought hope that, even in the midst of the very worst things, God is still lovingly in control.

For more on Hopefulness, see pages 868 & 1350.

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The Day of the Lord ‌But concerning the times and the seasons, brethren, you have no need that I should write to you. 2For you yourselves know perfectly that the day of the Lord so comes as a thief in the night. 3For when they say, “Peace and safety!” then sudden destruction comes upon them, as labor pains upon a pregnant woman. And they shall not escape.

4But you, brethren, are not in darkness, so that this Day should overtake you as a thief. 5 You are all sons of light and sons of the day. We are not of the night nor of darkness. 6 Therefore let us not sleep, as others do, but let us watch and be sober. 7For those who sleep, sleep at night, and those who get drunk are drunk at night. 8But let us who are of the day be sober, putting on the breastplate of faith and love, and as a helmet the hope of salvation. 9For God did not appoint us to wrath, but to obtain salvation through our Lord J­ esus Christ, 10who died for us, that whether we wake or sleep, we should live together with Him. 11 Therefore comfort each other and edify one another, just as you also are doing.

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Various Exhortations 12And we urge you, brethren, to recognize those who labor among you, and are over you in the Lord and admonish you, 13and to esteem them very highly in love for their work’s sake. Be at peace among yourselves.

14Now we exhort you, brethren, warn those who are unruly, comfort the fainthearted, uphold the weak, be patient with all. 15See that no one renders evil for evil to anyone, but always pursue what is good both for yourselves and for all.

16Rejoice always, 17pray without ceasing, 18in everything give thanks; for this is the will of God in Christ ­Jesus for you.

19Do not quench the Spirit. 20Do not despise prophecies. 21 Test all things; hold fast what is good. 22Abstain from every form of evil.

Blessing and Admonition 23Now may the God of peace ­Himself sanctify you completely; and may your whole spirit, soul, and body be preserved

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A B

H

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“L T ou

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ENCOURAGEMENT A BI OG RAP H Y

Helen Steiner Rice 1900–1981

“Therefore comfort each other and edify one another, just as you also are doing.”

1 T H E S S A L O N I A N S 5:11

“Love changes darkness into light and makes the heart take a wingless flight.”

This quote from Helen Steiner Rice summarizes the sensitive soul of one of our nation’s most recognized poets.

After a fairly unremarkable childhood, Helen Steiner was forced to put any hope of college aside when her father, a railroad worker, died of a sudden illness just prior to her high school graduation. At the age of eighteen, she was forced to find a job and become the sole breadwinner for her mother and sister.

Helen hired into the Lorain Electric Light and Power Company. Both creative and ambitious, Helen’s talents resulted in a series of promotions. While still in her twenties, she became their advertising manager. In the early 1920s, a woman in such a responsible position was rare indeed.

Helen’s talents gained the attention of the burgeoning electric industry. Still in her twenties, she found herself traveling around the country as its ambassador. She became an accomplished speaker and often incorporated into her presentations the importance of women’s opinions in shaping products and advertising campaigns. Helen became well-known for her skills as a lecturer, humorist, organizer, and promoter, all rare distinctions for an early-twentiethcentury woman.

From the beginning of her speaking career, she made a practice of asking her heavenly Father for help, and she continued to do this throughout her life when speaking or writing. The depth of her faith and her incredible ability to inspire and encourage others came into greater focus when Helen struck out on her own as a motivational speaker.

Her speaking schedule took her to Dayton, Ohio, where she met a wealthy banker named Franklin Rice. The two fell in love and were married in January of 1929. Only nine months later, the stock market crashed and Franklin’s entire fortune was lost. Helen took a job with the Gibson Art Company, and began working to pay off their debts. Tragically, Franklin committed suicide in 1932.

After her husband’s death, Helen struggled out of debt and depression. Bit by bit, she began to understand that her own suffering served to make her more compassionate toward others. Even in her pain, she developed a reputation as a good and true friend. She was an encouragement and inspiration to all whose lives she touched. Helen’s upbeat philosophy and refusal to complain bore witness to her deep-seated faith.

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During her years with the Gibson Art Company, Helen wrote thousands of poems that reflected her sure faith in God. Many were the result of her desire to reach out to friends, relatives, and co-workers with hope and solace at critical points in their lives. Her verses came to the attention of Gibson’s vice president.

This began Helen’s most recognized lifework—her greeting cards have become a part of the very fabric of our nation. Eventually, Helen became the editor-inchief of Gibson, a position she held for forty-two years.

Throughout her life, Helen recognized her ability to encourage and inspire others as a God-given gift. She understood that the words she wrote were a vehicle God used to highlight His love and compassion.

Before her death in 1981, Helen set up the Helen Steiner Rice Foundation.

It was her wish that this foundation continue to be a channel of God’s love to the world even after her death. Since its establishment in the final years of her life, the foundation has awarded millions to charities and it remains a beacon of hope, just as Helen would have wanted.

All of Helen’s life philosophy can be summed up in a few of her own words: “I believe in miracles. I believe in prayer. I know God is the answer to everything.”

For more on Encouragement, see the articles on pages 607, 632, 691, 808, 1360, 1400 & 1406. blameless at the coming of our Lord ­Jesus Christ. 24He who calls you is faithful, who also will do it.

25Brethren, pray for us.

26Greet all the brethren with a holy kiss.

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27I charge you by the Lord that this epistle be read to all the holy a brethren.

28 The grace of our Lord ­Jesus Christ be with you. Amen.

5:27 a NU‑­Text omits holy.

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WOMEN OF THE CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT

s

Laying New Foundation Stones

A Dangerous Dichotomy The roots of the Civil Rights movement of the 1960s reach far back into American history. The language of the Declaration of Independence, the Constitution, and the Bill of Rights declares freedom and equality to be basic human rights. The hypocrisy of a nation founded on the principles of liberty and equality, yet continuing to maintain a system of slavery, is staggering. It does not seem possible that a nation could continue to function long with this dichotomy. The evils of slavery and white supremacy fermented for nearly a hundred years before erupting into civil war.

When the Fourteenth Amendment cemented the Emancipation Proclamation by declaring, “All persons born or naturalized in the United States . . . are citizens of the United States,� it appeared that slavery was dead at last. The Fifteenth Amendment, which gave black men the right to vote, put another nail into its coffin. Yet, sadly, with all these advances, the country was a long way from fully accepting its dark-skinned people as equal citizens.

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For one hundred years after the Civil War, African-Americans experienced segregation, discrimination, humiliation, oppression, even persecution and death, all with no legal recourse. In the South, laws actually forbade integration; but in other areas of the country discrimination ran rampant as well. A number of ex-slaves returned to Africa; but not many wanted to go. For all its evils, America was their home; what they wanted was to be accepted as citizens.

The First Steps of a Journey In spite of oppression and disadvantages, many African-Americans worked hard to make conditions better for their children. A few began to gain respect and, in subtle ways, their accomplishments chipped away at the color barriers.

One of the most famous of the early challengers to racism was the singer Marian Anderson, a world-famous artist. She was lauded by most of the world; in her own nation, she had the “wrong” color skin. When the Daughters of the American Revolution refused to allow her to sing in Constitution Hall, First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt publicly dropped her membership in the DAR and arranged an outdoor concert that drew a crowd of seventy thousand, highlighting to many the idiocy of such racist rules.

Throughout the years, outstanding African-Americans suffered under unfair treatment. In some cases, like Marian Anderson’s, the public response served to highlight the deplorable realities of discrimination. However, none accomplished changing the laws that actually mandated segregation and inequality.

A group of African-Americans committed to legal social change formed the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People; they began working to overturn unjust laws and regulations.

Constance Baker Motley, a young African-American woman, was an

Civil Rights Act of 1964

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First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt with Marian Anderson, 1953 PHOTO: THE U.S. NATIONAL ARCHIVES NAACP lawyer who actively pursued school discrimination cases in the 1940s and ’50s.

She was involved in preparing the arguefor ef oree th thee Su SSupreme prem pr emee Co Cour urtt ments in the Texas suit that was brought before Court and led to the 1954 decision that any form of school segregation was unconstitutional. This ruling did not end segregation, but it did declare it illegal and, therefore, prosecutable.

The Beginning of a Dream In December of 1955, a year and a half after the Supreme Court decision disallowing school segregation, an event in the deep South set the Civil Rights movement on fire.

Rosa Parks, of Montgomery, Alabama, refused to give up her bus seat to a white passenger. She was arrested. Rosa was not the first African-American to defy the bus segregation laws; but in her, the NAACP recognized a perfect candidate for a successful lawsuit. In support of Rosa’s stance, the black community in Montgomery organized a boycott of the city bus system. Led by Martin Luther King Jr., this nonviolent, organized protest became the prototype for similar actions in other cities. A feeling of solidarity swept the African-American community as marches, peaceful protests, and sit-ins began to spring up everywhere. Once again, the Supreme Court ruled against segregation; the bus system was forced to integrate.

In the following years, Constance Motley and others worked on many lawsuits that set new precedents. Constance persevered through two and a half years in the Mississippi courts to force the University of Mississippi to accept its first black student; the feat was accomplished in 1962. With each legal success, the hostility grew; in several cases military and police protection had to be called in.

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As school integration began to be enforced, it was the children who had to pay the highest price. The law could force the schools to allow them entrance, but it could not enforce kindness or acceptance. When Maryland integrated its schools in 1962, a handful of bright, outgoing African-American children were carefully chosen to be the first to enter a previously all-white junior high school.

They were successful students, but after two years of daily struggle, every single one went to a private high school.

Generations of abuse and bigotry could not be corrected in just a few short years, but the Civil Rights movement was well on its way. New legal precedents forced the slow movement of reform to begin. The signs saying “white” and “colored” were taken down, and opportunities for education and advancement began to open up.

Vision for the Future The work of eliminating racial discrimination in America is not complete, but inroads accomplished thus far have brought lasting changes.

In 1929, First Lady Lou Hoover received hate mail for inviting the wife of an African-American congressman to tea in the White House. In 2009, the first African-American First Lady moved into the White Rosa Parks with House.

Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. (ca. 1955) In 1972, Barbara Jordan became the first black woman from a southern state to be elected to the House of Representatives. In a 1992 speech s speech, she said: “We are one, we Americans, and we reject any intruder who seeks to divide us by race or class. We honor cultural identity. However, separatism is not allowed. Separatism is not the American way.”

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