FRIDAY 10TH OCTOBER 2025

Nigeria Mourns as ‘Paragon of Integrity’, Christopher Kolade, Dies at 92

Tinubu, Sanwo-Olu, Obaseki, Anyaoku pay glowing tributes to late boardroom guru Say he was exceptionally brilliant, statesmanly

Dr. Christopher Kolade, a tower- ing figure in Nigerian public life, known for his unwavering integrity, principled leadership, and lifelong dedication to service, yesterday died at the age of 92.

A broadcaster, diplomat, educator, and business luminary, Kolade left behind a legacy

that spanned decades and sectors, from guiding the Ni

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Tinubu Pardons Herbert Macaulay, Vatsa, Ogoni 9, Lawan, Five Others...

Security Forces Arrest Armed Robbers Involved in Death of ARISE News Channel Anchor, Somtochukwu

Funeral rites begin October 12 at THISDAY Dome

Emmanuel Addeh in Abuja Security forces yesterday an- nounced the arrest of 12 persons allegedly involved in the armed robbery incident in Abuja, during which ARISE News Channel anchor, Somtochukwu Maduagwu, died. Also, the funeral rites of

Continued on page 9 the late young journalist are

Tinubu Names Amupitan as New INEC Chairman, NCS Endorses Choice

President to send name for Senate ratification Cautious ADC gives nominee benefit of doubts Kogi govt, Mutfwang, Senator Karimi, THISDAY MD, Olowonihi, Obidient movement, others hail choice

HYBRID COUNCIL OF STATE MEETING...

L-R: Benue State Governor, Rev. Fr. Hyacinth Alia; Osun State Deputy Governor, Prince Kola Adewusi; Rivers State Governor, Siminalayi Fubara; Secretary to the Government of the Federation (SGF), Senator George Akume; Ogun State Governor, Prince Dapo Abiodun; Nasarawa State Governor, Abdullahi Sule; Kwara State Governor, AbdulRahman AbdulRazaq; Enugu State Governor, Peter Mbah; and Abia State Governor, Alex Otti, during the Hybrid Council of State Meeting at the Presidential Villa, Abuja, yesterday

Deji Elumoye and Emmanuel Addeh in Abuja

PHOTO: GODWIN OMOIGUI

Late Kolade

GUINNESS NIGERIA PLC. VISITS IGP...

L-R: Corporate Relations

Managing

Sharma; InspectorGeneral of Police, Federal Republic of Nigeria, Kayode Egbetokun; Head of Policy and Public Affairs, Guinness Nigeria Plc, Chioma Momah; and Head of Security, Guinness Nigeria Plc, Victor Inyang, during a courtesy visit to the office of the Inspector-General of Police (IGP) in Abuja… recently

PenCom DG: Judiciary Key to Resolution of Retirement Benefit Disputes

National Industrial Court: it’s gross social injustice to pay elected public officers, political appointees’ pension, severance allowance Commission seeks further amendments to PRA to address emerging issues, boost operational efficiency, unveils pension law report

James Emejo in Abuja

Director-General, National Pension Commission (PenCom), Ms. Omolola Oloworaran, has affirmed the role of the judiciary in resolving retirement benefits related disputes in the country.

Oloworaran said as final arbiters in matters brought before the courts, judges’ decisions had far-reaching implications for the interpretation and enforcement of pension laws and regulations.

Speaking at the opening of a sensitisation workshop on Contributory Pension Scheme (CPS) for judges of the National Industrial Court of Nigeria (NICN) in Abuja, the PenCom boss added that the commission deeply valued the objectivity, rigour and fairness that the judiciary brought to the matters.

Represented by the acting Commissioner, Administration, PenCom, Mr. Bello Abubakar

Malabu, Oloworaran pointed out that it was imperative that judicial officers were well acquainted with the legal and regulatory framework governing the CPS, including the provi- sions of the Pension Reform Act (PRA), relevant regulations, guidelines and the operational procedures of the scheme.

President, National Industrial Court of Nigeria (NICN), Hon. Justice Benedict Bakwaph Kanyip, declared that it was not morally right to pay an elected public officer or political appointee pension and gratuity or severance allowance for holding such offices for three to eight years, as the case may be, while civil servants who worked for several years were poorly remunerated.

Kanyip, who gave the key- note address, said, “It cannot be justified in the context of our present social realities. It amounts to gross social

injustice.”

The NICN president asked PenCom to consider other forms of pension.

However, pension and remuneration of political office holders are not under

the commission’s purview.

Similarly, at the event, Kanyip unveiled the Pension Law Report, a compilation of judgements delivered on pension matters by the courts, particularly NICN.

Oloworaran stressed the importance of continuous judicial education in pension law and policy, as it not only enhanced the quality of adjudication but also contributed meaningfully to the development of jurispru-

dence in the important area. She said the workshop was intended to provide clarity on the context, nature and structure of retirement benefits administration under the CPS.

Continues online

Rabiu Olowo Warns Weak Ethical Leadership May Dampen Economic Prospects, Others

James Emejo in Abuja

Executive Secretary/Chief Executive, Financial Reporting Council of Nigeria (FRC), Dr. Rabiu Olowo, has warned about the dangers of weak ethical leadership, saying history provides ample evidence of how poor moral choices can bring down institutions, economies, and even nations.

Olowo spoke in Abuja

Edun Blames Weak Frameworks, Multiple Taxation as Hindrances to Telecom Sector Growth

Oghenevwede Ohwovoriole in Abuja

Minister of Finance and Coordinating Minister of the Economy, Mr. Wale Edun, identified weak frameworks and multiple taxation as factors hindering the growth of the telecoms sector.

Edun assured that the government would address the challenges through stakeholder engagements. He made the disclosure at a Business Roundtable on Investments in Broadband

Connectivity and Safeguarding Critical National Information Infrastructure.

The event was organised by Nigerian Communications Commission (NCC) in Abuja on Wednesday, with the theme, “Right of Way and Protection of Broadband Infrastructure: The Road to Success in Broadband Investment and Connectivity.”

The minister, who was represented by Director, Home Finance, in the ministry, Dr. Ali Mohammed, called on the private sector to increase investment in the telecom

industry

Edun said, “This sector is virtually vulnerable. It is compact, and therefore we are calling for our local and international investors to come forward so that we can invest in this particular sector. Government alone cannot do it. We need the cooperation and collaboration of the private sector.

“Of course, problems have been identified in terms of connectivity and broadband infrastructure development in Nigeria.”

during a panel session on “Ethical Leadership: Strengthening Professional Accountants for Economic Transformation,” at the opening of the 55th Annual Accountants Conference.

The theme for the year was, “Building Resilience - Aligning Reforms for Nigeria’s Development.”

He said, “We recall the collapse of Enron and WorldCom in the early 2000s — events that triggered sweeping global financial

reforms. Closer to home, we have witnessed scandals that have undermined public institutions, cost taxpayers billions, and scared away investors.

“In nearly every case, the root cause was not a lack of technical expertise but a failure of ethical judgement.

“Without ethics financial statements become fiction, investor confidence evaporates, capital markets grow fragile, public institutions lose legitimacy, corruption thrives.

Ethical failure is not merely a personal lapse — it is a systemic risk.”

Represented by Coordinating Director, Directorates of Corporate Governance, Inspections and Monitoring, FRC, Mr. Titus Osawe, Olowo said for Nigeria to unlock its potential, it must align economic reforms with moral reforms.

He said, “Resilience without ethics is hollow. Reforms without integrity will collapse under the weight of distrust.”

Tinubu Rejoices With Governor Yahaya of Gombe State On Birthday

Felicitates Hajia Shagaya at 60

Deji Elumoye in Abuja

President Bola Tinubu has rejoiced with the Governor of Gombe State, Alhaji Muhammad Inuwa Yahaya, on hisThebirthday.President, in a release issued on Thursday by his Adviser on Information and Strategy, Bayo Onanuga, joined the governor’s family,

friends, and political associates to celebrate this significant day and the many milestones recorded in the state since Yahaya assumed office in 2019.

President Tinubu noted the governor’s impressive achieve- ments in infrastructure, education, and healthcare, especially the construction and renovation of 600 classrooms, the upgrade of five legacy secondary schools,

improved performance in external examinations, fully functional primary healthcare centres in 114 wards, and the Go-Health project that focuses on the vulnerable population. He commended the governor for upholding the vision of the ‘Renewed Hope Agenda’ by prioritising the people’s interests and well-being in all development projects.

Director, Guinness Nigeria Plc, Rotimi Odusola;

Director/Chief Executive Officer, Guinness Nigeria Plc, Girish

SENATE HOSTS RUSSIAN ENVOY...

L-R: Chairman, Senate Committee on NDDC, Asuquo Ekpeyong; Deputy Whip, Senate, Onyekachi Nwebonyi; Russian Ambassador to Nigeria, Andrey Podelyshev; Vladimir Netoyanov; President of the Senate, Godswill Akpabio; Deputy Senate Leader, Lola Ashiru; Chairman, Senate Committee on Appropriation, Solomon Adeola; and Senator Ned Nwoko, after a courtesy visit of the Russian Envoy to the Senate President on Wednesday

NEPZA: No Strikes, Lockouts in Free Trade Zones for 10 Years

Says dispute must first be referred to it for resolution Maintains Dangote/PENGASSAN imbroglio worrisome

Emmanuel Addeh in Abuja and Peter Uzoho in Lagos

The Nigeria Export Processing Zones Authority (NEPZA) has restated the position of the law setting up the organisation regarding the operation of the Free Trade Zones (FTZs) across the country, maintaining that strike actions and lockouts are prohibited for 10 years.

In a statement by the

organisation, it reiterated that the law prohibiting such actions remains in full effect, explaining that while workers in the free zones retain the right to join or form trade unions and engage in collective bargaining, any dispute must first be referred to NEPZA for resolution as required by the law.

Managing Director of NEPZA, Dr. Olufemi Oguny- emi, who made the clarification

in a statement issued in Abuja by the Authority’s Head of Corporate Communications, Dr. Martins Odeh, noted that the reminder was necessary following what he said were the frequent external union interferences that disrupted operations at the Dangote Refinery.

The face-off between the Dangote Refinery and the Petroleum and Natural Gas

Senior Staff Association of Nigeria (PENGASSAN) recently drew public attention to labour relations in Nigeria’s emerging private energy sector.

PENGASSAN, which represents senior oil and gas workers, accused the refinery’s management of resisting efforts to unionise its employees, insisting that workers have the constitutional right to belong to any association of

Senate, Finance Ministry Move to Strengthen Fiscal Discipline, End Budget Overruns

Senate Committee on Finance and the Federal Ministry of Finance, alongside key fiscal agencies, have resolved to tighten coordination in the management of Nigeria’s fiscal policies and budget implementation to enhance transparency, accountability, and performance across ministries, departments, and agencies (MDAs).

The resolution followed a closed-door meeting between the committee, chaired by Senator Sani Musa, and top

government officials, including Minister of Finance and Coordinating Minister of the Economy, Mr. Wale Edun, and Director-General of the Budget Office, Mr. Tanimu Yakubu.

Musa, while briefing journal- ists after the marathon session, said the interface focused on the performance of the 2024 and 2025 budgets, fiscal policy direction, and preparation of the Medium-Term Expenditure Framework (MTEF) for 2026–2029.

He said both arms of government agreed that while progress

had been made, more effort was needed to ensure that budget implementation directly translated into improved living standards for Nigerians.

“We have had very long deliberations on fiscal policies and the economy, especially the budgets. We reviewed the implementation of the 2024 budget and examined the outlook for 2025,” Musa said.

He added, “We have also asked the Finance Ministry to urgently present the Medium- Term Fiscal Framework for 2026 to 2029. The Minister has briefed

CBN Urges More Participation in Nigeria Payments System for Wider Financial Inclusion

Bassey Inyang in Calabar

The Central Bank of Nigeria, CBN, has urged Nigerians in the country, and the diaspora to embrace and utilise the recently unveiled Nigeria Payments System Vision 2028, and monetary policies in order to broaden the margins of financial inclusion in the nation’s

economy.Governor of the CBN, Dr. Olayemi Michael Cardoso, made the call in Calabar, Cross River State, on Thursday while delivering his address at opening session of the CBN Fair. Addressing participants on the theme: “Driving Alternative Payment Chan- nels as Tools for Financial

Inclusion, Growth and Accelerated Economic Development,” Cordoso said the vision would accelerate digital transfor- mation, broaden financial inclusion, and minimize downtime quicker and safer transactions thus causing the nation’s economy to function properly at full capacity.

us, and we all agree that progress is being made, but there’s room for more improvement.”

He said the committee received reports from the accountant-general and the budget office detailing the level of budget releases, signed war- rants, and the extent to which MDAs had commenced capital projects under the 2025 authority to incur expenditure.

their choice.

The union claimed that several attempts to engage management were rebuffed, prompting nationwide solidarity actions. Dangote Group, on its part, maintained that it was not against unionism but preferred to allow its workers to freely decide whether or not to join a union without external pressure. The tension led to a three-day strike which grounded the oil sector.

But in its intervention, NEPZA, which licenses and supervises free zones, ensuring compliance with regulations, and providing infrastructure and incentives to investors, noted that the Nigeria Export Processing Zones Act, under Section 18(5), explicitly states that there shall be no industrial action in the first decade of a company’s operation.

NEPZA is also responsible for promoting and regulating FTZs and Export Processing Zones (EPZs) across Nigeria, to attract foreign and local investment by creating special areas where businesses can operate under more favourable

conditions than elsewhere in the“Therecountry.shall be no strikes or lockouts for a period of 10 years following the commencement of operations within a zone, and the Authority shall resolve any trade dispute arising within a Zone,” the statement said. According to the NEPZA chief, while workers in the free zones retain the right to join or form trade unions and engage in collective bargaining, any dispute must first be referred to NEPZA for resolution as required by law.

According to the organisation, the recent dispute between PENGASSAN and the Dangote Refinery should have been routed through NEPZA’s administrative framework, which operates a “one-stopshop” system designed to ensure swift and efficient resolution of issues.

Besides, Ogunyemi empha- sised that free trade zones are governed by specific legal provisions, and that external labour laws only apply to the extent they are consistent with the NEPZA Act.

Anambra Airport: Onyema Truthful on Paying N100m for Aircraft Maintenance Facility Land

It has been confirmed the Chairman and CEO of Air Peace, Dr. Allen Onyema, told the truth about making a payment of N100 million to the Anambra State Government for the purchase of land intended for the airline’s Maintenance, Repair and Overhaul (MRO) facility at the Chinua Achebe International Cargo Airport, Umueri, Anambra State.

The receipt of the purchase was made available to

THISDAY, which has nullified the claim credited to the Traditional Ruler of Umueri Community, Igwe Emeka, that Dr. Onyema did not pay for land at the airport.

“To begin with, the Umueri Community was never ac- cused of any wrongdoing by Dr. Onyema or by Air Peace. At no time was any statement issued suggesting that the community refused land allocation, received money, or was in dispute with Air Peace over the MRO project. The Igwe’s

media release, therefore, is unprovoked, baseless, and entirely misplaced.

“For the avoidance of doubt, Air Peace’s dealings on the MRO project were solely with the then Anambra State Government, not with any community or group.

“Payment for the designated land was made directly to the Anambra State Government, and an official receipt for the sum of N100 million paid by Air Peace for the land was issued on 26/08/2021 to confirm this transaction.

Chinedu Eze

Sunday Aborisade in Abuja

VFD GROUP’S RIGHTS ISSUE AGREEMENT...

L-R: Deputy Managing Director, United Bank for Africa, Muyiwa Akinyemi; Executive Director, Finance and Investor Relations, VFD Group, Folajimi Adeleye; Company Secretary, VFD Group, Gbeminiyi Shoda; Chairman, VFD Group, Olatunde Busari (SAN); Group Managing Director, VFD Group, Nonso Okpala; Executive Director, Operations, VFD Group, Morenike Ominike, and Director, Norrenberger Advisory, Oladipo Olakunle-Jinadu, during the agreement signing ceremony for VFD Group’s Rights Issue in Lagos… yesterday.

NGF, UNDP Deepen Partnership on Subnational Investment and Financing Reform

Chuks Okocha in Abuja

In a major push to attract sustainable investment and strengthen state-level economies, the Nigeria Governors’ Forum (NGF) hosted a highlevel delegation from the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) led by Ms. Elsie G. Attafuah, UNDP Resident Representative in Nigeria and Dr. Raymond Gilpin, Chief Economist for Africa and Head of the UNDP Economists’ Network.

The visit, which took place at the NGF Secretariat in Abuja, focused on unlocking innovative financing models to support subnational governments in mobilizing investments and bridging the infrastructure and fiscal capacity gaps across Nigeria’s 36 states.

Welcoming the UNDP delegation, NGF Director General (DG) Dr. Abdulateef Shittu, described the engagement as “a timely step in deepening

Nigeria’s subnational development“Weagenda.”value UNDP’s partnership in helping states become more competitive and investment-ready,” the DG said. “Our goal is to create a pathway where subnational governments can independently attract, manage, and sustain investments that directly impact lives and livelihoods.”

He highlighted NGF’s recent launch of the Investopedia - a digital investment intelligence platform aggregating over 269 investment-ready projects across the 36 States - as “a practical demonstration that Nigerian States are ready, willing, and able to lead the country’s transformation when provided with the right tools andDr.partnerships.”

Shittu noted the next phase of collaboration with UNDP would focus on three priorities: Strengthening states’ fiscal and institutional capacity to attract long-term financing;

establishing frameworks for blended and innovative finance; and building a pipeline of bankable projects aligned with national and global sustainability goals.

“We see this partnership as catalytic,” he said. “With UNDP’s technical support

and the Forum’s coordination structure, we can make subnational governments key drivers of Nigeria’s develop- ment narrative.”

In an effort to empower Nigeria’s oil and gas services sector, the Nigerian Content Develop- ment and Monitoriong Board (NCDMB), and Nigerian Export Import Bank (NEXIM) have disbursed about $42 million to Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) to boost their participa- tion in the sector.

The Head, Specialised Busi- ness at NEXIM, Muhammed Awami, disclosed this on Wednesday, at the panel session during NCDMB stakeholders sensitisation and Engagement Forum in Port Harcourt, Rivers State.

Awami stated that though the working capital of Capacity Fund is $30 million, but they have exceeded the amount in other to attract more Nigerian players in oil and gas sector.

The stakeholders sensitisation and Engagement Forum which has as its theme: “Deepening Local Content through Certifica- tion, Compliance and Financing Support,” brought together key players in the oil and gas industry to deliberate on the involvement of Nigerian players.

Awami, urged the duly registered Nigerian oil service providers with viable contract with International Oil Companies (IOCs) and National Oil Compa- nies (NOCs) to take advantage

Emmanuel Addeh

The Minister of Works, David Umahi, has separately received the Governor of Katsina State, Umar Radda and the Minister of Information and National Orientation, Mohammed Idris, to discuss ways of improving Nigeria’s road infrastructure.

A statement by the minister’s spokesman, Uchenna Orji, said the meeting with Radda was not unconnected with the need

to Boost SMEs

of the NCDMB Working Capital and Capacity Fund, managed by NEXIM bank.

He said the fund offers flexible financing and tailoring solutions to meet their business needs, and catalyse business growth, help to access markets, expand global footprint and unlock new opportunities.

“Once you meet pre- disbursement conditions, we disbursed the funds to you, and after disbursement, we also monitor sometimes jointly with NCDMB, sometimes, we just do spot check assessment of utilization of the funds, to make sure the funds are being utilized for the purpose it was disbursed.

He emphasized that the UNDP’s strategic support would center on helping states develop frameworks that combine capital mobilization, governance reforms, and data-driven planning.

“Nigeria’s states are essential

Speaking during the visit, Dr. Raymond Gilpin commended the NGF’s leadership in creating platforms that enable States to engage with global investors.

building blocks of national development,” Dr. Gilpin said. “Our role at UNDP is to support the Forum in strengthening the systems that make investments viable - from fiscal governance and data analytics to human capital and institutional efficiency.”

Umahi Meets Katsina Governor, Information Minister, Discusses Nigeria’s Road Infrastructure

for Katsina state to have more share of the nationwide road infrastructure interventions of the government of Bola Ahmed Tinubu.

“Under Mr. President, subnational governments and the federal government of Nigeria have been enjoying mutual collaboration on the wave of road infrastructure restoration witnessed under President Tinubu’s administration and which sub-nationals benefit irrespective of party affiliation or geographic diversity.

“Katsina State in the

North-west is blessed with population and land mass. It is also blessed with human and natural resources with farming and livestock rearing, forming the backbone of the economy.

“The governor who is a renowned economist and former Director General of the Small and Medium Enterprises Development Agency of Nigeria (SMEDAN) understands the importance of road infrastructure to economic sustainability.

“This is particularly in creating opportunities for

entrepreneurship, poverty reduction, regional integra- tion, industrialisation, job creation, income generation, innovation generation, increased productivity and economic growth, hence his administration’s commitment to road infrastructure rebirth in Katsina State,” the statement said.

The outcome of the meeting, according to the ministry, is expected to add momentum to the road infrastructure intervention efforts of the federal government in Katsina State.

First Lady Flags Off Economic Empowerment Scheme in Rivers

Blessing Ibunge in Port

The Renewed Hope Initiative (RHI) of Nigeria’s First Lady, Senator Oluremi Tinubu flagged-off women economic empowerment scheme in Rivers State.

The empowerment scheme, implemented in collaboration with the Tony Elumelu Foundation (TEF), and supported by the Rivers State Government, was launched at the Government

House, Port Harcourt on Thursday.

The RHI Women Economic Empowerment Programme is part of a broader national initiative targeting 18,500 women across Nigeria’s 36 states and the Federal CapitalTHISDAYTerritory.observed at the event that about 1,000 women across the 23 local government areas of Rivers State benefited from the empowerment programme, receiving small business recapitalisation grants aimed at expanding

their ventures, supporting their families, and strengthening local communities.

Speaking at the flag-off ceremony, Nigeria’s First Lady, Senator Oluremi Tinubu, explained the financial support was a grant, not a loan, intended to strengthen women-owned businesses. Represented by the wife of the Rivers State Governor, Valarie Siminalayi Fubara, Senator Tinubu said “Each beneficiary will receive N50,000 to recapitalize her business,” she said.

in Abuja

Harcourt

Blessing Ibunge in Port Harcourt

Senate Plans Engagement with FG on Counter-terrorism Strategy Amid U.S. Bill Threatening Sanctions on Nigeria

Rejects ‘Christian genocide’ claim, says insecurity not religion-driven

Sunday Aborisade in Abuja

The Senate has announced plans to engage the federal government to develop a coordinated counterterrorism and diplomatic strategy following a proposed bill in the United States seeking imposition of sanctions on Nigerian officials accused of religious persecution.

The upper chamber, presided by Senate President Godswill Akpabio, also yesterday, dismissed as false and divisive allegations by U.S. Senator Ted Cruz and television host Bill Maher that Nigeria was witnessing a “Christian genocide”.

Deji Elumoye, Chuks Okocha, Adedayo Akinwale in Abuja, Nume Ekeghe in Lagos, Seriki Adinoyi in Jos and Ibrahim Oyewale in Lokoja

President Bola Tinubu has nominated Professor Joash Ojo Amupitan, SAN, as the new Chairman of Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC), a choice given speedy

gerian Broadcasting Corporation (NBC) and heading Cadbury Nigeria Plc, to shaping minds in academia and representing Nigeria abroad.

Born in Erin-Oke, Osun State, in 1932, Kolade’s life was defined by an enduring commitment to ethics and nation-building, and his passing marks the end of an era in Nigerian leadership.

In his tribute, President Bola Tinubu described the deceased as one of the nation’s intellectual treasures and among the finest of men who was exceptionally brilliant, statesmanly, diligent, and of unimpeachable integrity.

“I received with profound sadness the news of the passing of the inimitable Dr Christopher Kolade, a broadcaster and boardroom guru who is one of Nigeria’s intellectual treasures. Dr Kolade, 92, was a custodian of our enterprise history, especially concerning corporate governance and human resources manage- ment. He was a principal figure in reputable institutions like the Lagos Business School.

“He was among the finest of men. He was exceptionally brilliant, statesmanly, diligent, and had unimpeachable integrity. Dr Kolade was not only a boardroom icon, serving as one-time chief executive and chairman of Cadbury Nigeria Plc, but he was also a patriot and an uncompromising advocate of transparency and accountability in governance.

“He served Nigeria duti- fully, with honesty and great dedication. From working as a colonial-era education officer to serving as Nigeria’s high commissioner to the United Kingdom and director general of the Nigerian Broadcasting

The Nigerian lawmakers described the narrative as dangerous misinformation capable of threatening Nigeria’s unity and international reputation.

The debate in the senate followed a motion, titled, “Urgent Need to Correct Misconceptions Regarding the Purported ‘Christian Genocide’ Narrative in Nigeria and International Communities,” sponsored by Senator Mohammed Ali Ndume (Borno South) and co-sponsored by several senators, including Sani Musa (Niger East), Magatakarda Wamakko (Sokoto North), Ibrahim Bomai (Yobe South), and Ahmed Wadada

approval by the National Council of State, THISDAYyesterday. had last week reported that Tinubu’s search for a new INEC Chairman might have ended, as he was said to be strongly considering the Kogi State-born academic.

A highly placed presidency source had confirmed the development to THISDAY when asked if the news about the nomination

Corporation, Dr Kolade left ineffaceable stamps of distinction in every endeavour, whether in the boardroom, on panels, or public office,” the President wrote in his tribute.

He recalled Kolade’s many humanitarian interventions through the Christopher Kolade Foundation, especially his sup- port for sickle cell patients, a cause to which he donated a chunk of his earnings.

“Dr Kolade’s passing is agonising, yet we must celebrate his life and legacy. He lived an exemplary life and immortalised himself in his uncommon service to our nation and humanity. He will remain an inspiration for us and for many generations.

“ He was a representation of the true Nigerian, selfless and resilient. May God Almighty, whom he served so faithfully, grant him eternal rest,” he added.

Also, the Governor of Lagos State, Mr Babajide Sanwo-Olu, described the death of the elder statesman and doyen of the boardroom, Kolade as a monumental loss to Nigeria.

Sanwo-Olu, in a statement issued by his Special Adviser on Media and Publicity, Mr Gboyega Akosile, further described the passage of the respected diplomat, teacher and veteran broadcaster as the end of an era.

He said the death of Kolade, one of Nigeria’s most celebrated boardroom gurus and advocates for integrity and corporate gov- ernance, was a colossal loss to the country and an irreplaceable loss to his family, friends and associates.

Sanwo-Olu said Kolade’s record of service as a celebrated

(Nasarawa West).

The senate also considered broader implications of the Nigeria Religious Freedom Accountability Act of 2025, currently before the U.S. Congress.

The proposed legislation seeks to sanction Nigerian officials, allegedly, complicit in religious persecution, re-designate Nigeria as a “Country of Particular Concern,” and penalise those enforcing Sharia or blasphemy laws.

In their contributions, senators across party and religious divides unanimously rejected the premise of the U.S. bill, describing it as a gross misrepresentation of

of a replacement for the outgoing chairman of the commission, Professor Mahmood Yakubu, was true.

The source simply replied, “Yes ooo.”

An ally of Amupitan had also confirmed the news, and said while he was not sure the nomination had been announced, he could confirm he was being strongly considered.

teacher and broadcaster, seasoned technocrat and administrator, Chief Executive and Chairman of Cadbury Nigeria Plc, and former Nigerian High Commissioner to the United Kingdom, would remain indelible for generations to come.

He said: “On behalf of my family, the government and the people of Lagos State, we celebrate the departure of a legend and celebrated doyen of the boardroom and former Nigerian High Commissioner to the United Kingdom, Dr. Christopher Kolade, who made a positive impact during his lifetime.

“The legacy of Dr Christopher Kolade cannot be forgotten because of the remarkable impact he made during his lifetime and his extraordinary life of service

expected to begin on October 12, with a Night of Tributes at THISDAY’s Dome in Abuja by 6pm, while a Service of Songs will be held at Corpus Christi Cathedral, Kaduna Street in Port Harcourt on October 15.

Her final interment will take place on October 18, wherein a Funeral Service is scheduled for St. Theresa Catholic Church, Agulu, Anambra State by 11 in theHowever,morning. security forces led by Defence Headquarters confirmed the arrest of 12 persons in connection with the incident sand listed the suspect as: Shamsudeen Hassan from Malumfashi LGA, Katsina state; Hassan Isah from Zaria, Kaduna State; Abubakar Alkamu, a.k.a. Abba, from Musawa LGA, Katsina state and Sani Sirajo a.k.a. Dan Borume from Malumfashi

Nigeria’s complex security realities. They stressed that insecurity in the country was not religiondriven, but a product of terrorism, banditry, and criminality.

Ndume, while leading debate on the motion, said the claims by Cruz and Maher were “baseless and misleading,” arguing that they failed to acknowledge that terrorism in Nigeria targets all citizens, regardless of faith.

He said the senate must take the lead in defending the country’s image and supporting government efforts to combat extremism.

Co-sponsor of the motion, Wamakko, denounced the

Replacing Yakubu had become necessary as his tenure began to wind down. He was appointed in 2015 by the late President Muhammadu Buhari and had almost served out his two terms of 10 years.

Thus, yesterday, National Council of State approved the nomination of Amupitan from the North-central zone as the new chairman of INEC.

to humanity, his community, the private and public sectors, locally and internationally.

“We thank God for Dr Kolade’s incredible life of faith and service to humanity and our dear country. He served passionately with integrity and honour. He was indeed a blessing to his generation, and the best memory for him is for those he left behind to uphold his good virtues.

“I commiserate with his family members, friends and associates over the death of the elder statesman. I pray for the repose of the soul of the late Dr Christopher Kolade and that God grants the deceased’s family and loved ones the fortitude to bear the irreparable loss.”

Continued on page 36

LGA, Katsina state.

Also mentioned in the security release were: Mashkur Jamilu, a.k.a. Abba, from Igabi LGA , Kaduna state; Suleiman Badamasi, a.k.a. Dan-Sule, from Malumfashi LGA, Katsina state; Abdul Salam Saleh, a.k.a. Na-Durudu from Katsina LGA, Katsina State as well as Zaharadeen Muhammad, a.k.a. Gwaska from Chikun LGA in Kaduna state.

Other suspects mentioned include: Musa Adamu, a.k.a. Musa Hassan, from Malumfashi LGA, Katsina State; Sumayya Mohammed, a.k.a. Baby, from Sammaka LGA, Kaduna state; Isah Abdulrahman, a.k.a. Abbati, who hails from Zaria LGA in Kaduna state and Musa Umar a.k.a. small, from Maiduguri LGA in Borno state.

The report named the security

genocide narrative as “outright misinformation aimed at destroying our nation”.

He said, “This misinformation cannot continue like this. We must take decisive steps to address this issue and defend our country’s integrity.”

Similarly, Senator Suleiman Kawu Sumaila (NNPP, Kano South) expressed concern that the misinformation could fuel sectarian tension and damage diplomatic ties.

Sumaila said, “It is shocking that such a bill could emanate from a respected parliament like the U.S. Congress. In my

Tinubu, according to a statement by his Adviser on Information and Strategy, Bayo Onanuga, presented Amupitan to NCS as the nominee to fill the vacant position.

The president told the council members at the meeting held at Council Chambers, State House, Abuja, that Amupitan was the first person from Kogi State, North-central, nominated to occupy the position.

Council members unanimously supported the nomination, with Kogi State Governor Ahmed Ododo describing Amupitan as a man of integrity.

In compliance with the consti- tution, Tinubu is expected to send Amupitan’s name to the senate for screening and subsequent confirmation.

Amupitan, 58, from Ayetoro Gbede, Ijumu Local Government Area in Kogi State, is a Professor of Law at the University of Jos. He is also an alumnus of the university.

Born on April 25, 1967, he specialises in Company Law, Law of Evidence, Corporate Governance and Privatisation Law. He became a Senior Advocate of Nigeria in September 2014.

After completing primary and secondary education, he attended Kwara State Polytechnic,

man who was shot by the invaders during the incident at Unique Apartment in the nation’s capital, as Barnabas Danlami.

“This report is following the directive of the Commissioner of Police FCT to fish out the criminal elements responsible for the robbery incident that led to the death of one Mr. Barnabas Danlami – a security guard and Ms. Somtochukwu Christella Maduagwu ‘F’ an ARISE TV staff (anchor, reporter, and producer) which occurred at Unique Apartment Gishiri village, Katampe district on 29/09/2025 at about 0330 hrs.

“Operatives of the scorpion squad led by ACP Victor God- frey acting on actionable digital and reconstructive intelligence provided by Giga Forensics, a subsidiary of EIB STRATOC,

Godswill Akpabio

constituency, Christians and Muslims coexist peacefully. The claim that 100 churches are burnt every month in Nigeria is false and mischievous.”

Continues online

Ilorin, from 1982 to 1984, and the University of Jos from 1984 to 1987. He was called to the bar in 1988.

He earned an LLM at UNIJOS in 1993 and a PhD in 2007, amid an academic career that began in 1989, following his National Youth Service at the Bauchi State Publishing Corporation in Bauchi from 1988 to 1989.

Currently, Amupitan serves as Deputy (Administration)Vice-Chancellor at the University of Jos, a position he holds in conjunction with being the Pro-Chancellor and Chairman of Governing Council of Joseph Ayo Babalola University, in Osun State.

Among the academic posi- tions he had held at UNIJOS are Chairman of the Committee of Deans and Directors (20122014); Dean of the Faculty of Law (2008-2014); and Head of Public Law (2006-2008).

Outside the academia, Amupitan served as a board member of Integrated Dairies Limited in Vom, a member of the Nigerian Institute of Advanced Legal Studies Governing Council, and a member of Council of Legal Education (2008-2014), among other roles. He was a board member of Riss Oil Limited, Abuja (1996-2004).

Continued on page 37

have successfully arrested 12 of the armed robbers that were involved in that operation. “It is important to note that shortly after the robbery incident that took place on 29/09/2025 at about 0330hrs at unique apart- ment, Katampe district Mabushi, which tragically led to the deaths of Somtochukwu Christella Maduagwu and Barnabas Danlami, four of the suspects Shamsudeen Hassan, Alkamu, Sirajo and one other person were apprehended through the track- ing of phones stolen from the apartment during the robbery (tracking and intercept service provided by us),” security forces, the report stated.

During interrogation, the police noted that Shamsudeen Hassan confessed that he shot the security guard when he

Continued on page 36

National Housing Fund: Separating Myth from Reality

For decades, the National Housing Fund (NHF) has stood at the centre of Nigeria’s quest to make home ownership accessible to its citizens. Yet, despite its lofty promise, for years, the scheme has been largely misunderstood by the public. Emmanuel Addeh writes that that perception is changing under its current management.

The Federal Mortgage Bank of Nigeria (FMBN) was established with a clear social mandate to ensure that Nigerians, particularly those in the low- and middle-income brackets, have access to affordable housing finance. Many years on, FMBN has continued to serve as Nigeria’s foremost bridge to homeownership, helping ordinary workers turn their housing dreams into reality through the National Housing Fund (NHF) Scheme, established by Act 3 of 1992.

In recent years, this mandate has gained renewed momentum under the leadership of Shehu Osidi, the Managing Director/Chief Executive, and his management team. Since their inauguration, they have embarked on bold reforms to reposition the Bank, deepen transparency, and enhance service delivery.

One visible result of these efforts is the marked increase in NHF registrations nationwide. According to FMBN’s January to July 2025 operational performance report recently released, more than 76,000 new workers joined the scheme within the past seven months, a significant jump that underscores growing confidence in the Fund.

Yet, when set against Nigeria’s massive workforce which is estimated at over 70 million people, this figure is still a drop in the ocean. The reality is that millions of Nigerian workers remain outside the NHF ship, either due to skepticism, misinformation or sheer lack of awareness. Misconceptions about the Fund continue to thrive, discouraging participation and denying workers access to one of the most affordable mortgage products in Africa.

The NHF and Its Objectives

The National Housing Fund Scheme was created as a solution to Nigeria’s chronic housing challenge. The idea behind its establishment was simple: if Nigerian workers each contributed a small fraction of their monthly income, the pooled resources could create a revolving fund for affordable housing loans. The scheme was therefore the government’s strategic efforts at democratizing access to homeownership, ensuring that even workers on modest incomes could aspire to own a home.

The NHF Scheme is therefore not just a savings programme but also a form of social security for Nigerian workers. It is designed to protect workers from the vulnerability of rent dependency, housing insecurity and the high cost of commercial mortgages provided by other mortgage and financial institutions. With repayment periods stretching as long as 30 years and interest rates capped at six percent per annum, the National Housing Fund remains the most worker-friendly housing finance product in Nigeria.

This is in addition to an opportunity to access up to N50 million for housing development or outright purchase of a property. Over the years, many Nigerian workers have taken advantage of the opportunity and realized their homeownership aspirations through this scheme.

The NHF Scheme is designed in a way that any Nigerian up to the age of 18 years is eligible to register and begin a contribution of 2.5 per cent of their monthly income immediately. As a registered contributor to the NHF Scheme, it opens up the window for the contributor to access any of FMBN’s range of products after consistently contributing for a minimum

period of six months.

These products include the NHF Loan, Rent-To-Own and Home Renovation Loan. Others are the Individual Construction Loan and Cooperative Housing Development Loan. In addition to these products, FMBN recently announced plans to launch the Diaspora Mortgage Loan and Non-Interest Loan. All these products have been designed to ease the struggles of homeownership faced by the majority of Nigerians who fall within the low and middle income segments.

Correcting Misconceptions

Not for Civil Servants Alone

One of the biggest misconceptions about the NHF is the assumption that the Scheme is exclusive to government employees. While civil servants form a large portion of contributors, the NHF was designed for every Nigerian worker above the age of 18. Private-sector employees, traders, artisans, entrepreneurs and self-employed professionals can all register and contribute. This way, the NHF Scheme promotes inclusivity.

The inclusivity of the NHF Scheme is one of its greatest strengths. By widening the contributor base, the Scheme pools more funds for housing development and ensures that the benefits are not limited to one segment of the workforce. The NHF Scheme targets all Nigerian workers, not only those in government employment, and more recently, it has expanded beyond Nigeria’s borders, enabling Nigerians in the diaspora to participate and benefit from it.

Deductions Are Not Taxes

Another widespread misconception that has stood as a barrier to Nigerians’ getting on board the NHF Scheme is the misconception that NHF contributions are simply another government tax that workers will never benefit from. This belief has discouraged many from even asking questions about the scheme. In reality, the deductions are not taxes but mandatory savings that remain tied to the worker’s name.

“Workers who contribute to the NHF Scheme build eligibility to access loans for housing. They get the ticket to access affordable mortgage finance or housing. Those who never apply for a loan are entitled to a refund of their contributions with

a 2 per cent interest at the point of retirement or disengagement from service.

“Far from being ‘lost money,’ NHF deductions are a form of enforced savings with either a home or a refund as the outcome,” the FMBN said recently.

Access to Mortgage Loans for All

Skepticism about access is perhaps the most damaging misconception surrounding the NHF Scheme. Many workers assume that NHF loans are shrouded in bureaucracy and reserved for the privileged few. While challenges with processing times and documentation have existed in the past, the system has been deliberately structured to ensure fairness. But even this challenge is being overcome today, with the Bank’s full deployment of its Core Banking Application.

Workers apply through accredited mortgage banks, known as Mortgage Loan Originators (MLOs), rather than directly to FMBN. These MLOs guide contributors through the requirements such as proof of income, title documents and building approvals, ensuring that loans are processed transparently. Importantly, the property being financed serves as the security for the loan, which means workers are not required to produce assets beyond the house they intend to own.

Beyond New Buildings

Many workers wrongly believe the NHF Scheme is only useful if they are starting construction from scratch. In truth, the Scheme supports a wide range of housing needs. Contributors can use their loans to buy existing homes, purchase properties in accredited estates, construct new houses or give their existing homes a new look with the Home Renovation Loan. The only restriction is refinancing which involves using NHF funds to pay off existing loans, which is not allowed. This flexibility means the scheme accommodates different housing realities. A worker in Lagos may use the loan to buy an apartment, while another in Enugu may choose to build a family home on ancestral land, or move into an apartment funded by FMBN and pay on installments as rent till he/she completes the total amount of

the property and becomes an owner. This way, the NHF adapts to workers’ diverse needs and circumstances.

Thoroughness, Not Complications

Documentation for mortgage loans can seem daunting, but the requirements are no different from any standard mortgage process anywhere in the world. They exist to protect contributors from fraud and ensure the value of financed properties. Items such as a Certificate of Occupancy, building plan approval and a valuation report by a registered estate valuer safeguard both the worker and the Fund. What may appear as complicated is, in fact, a safeguard. With the guidance of accredited mortgage banks, contributors can navigate the process with clarity. Increasing digitization by FMBN has further simplified the process, reducing timelines and increasing transparency.

Easy Repayment Terms

Another enduring misconception about the NHF Scheme is that the repayment burden will cripple workers’ finances. This is not in any way true. NHF loans are deliberately designed to be affordable. The six percent annual interest rate is far below what commercial banks charge, and the repayment can be spread across as many as 30 years. This structure ensures that repayments fit comfortably within workers’ income brackets. Unlike landlords who can arbitrarily increase rent, the NHF repayment terms remain stable, predictable and fair throughout the tenure of the loan.

Pathway to Homeownership

The National Housing Fund Scheme is not a tax, not a scam and not a privilege reserved for a few. It is a lifeline for Nigerian workers who desire to escape the trap of rent and claim the stability of homeownership. Misconceptions have long obscured its value, but the facts are clear: every contributor stands to gain, whether through a home loan or a refund with interest. The challenge now is not whether the NHF Scheme works; it does, but whether more workers will embrace it. For those who have yet to register, the message is simple: do not let misinformation rob you of an opportunity that is both affordable and attainable. Join the NHF, secure your right to a home, and help build a future where decent housing is not a privilege but a shared reality for all Nigerian workers.

Onboarding Nigerians

At a time when the average three-bedroom bungalow in a city like Lagos or Abuja will cost upward of N30 million to buy or build, every worker outside the NHF Scheme is missing out on an opportunity to turn small monthly deductions into life-changing assets. The progress FMBN has made in expanding registrations shows that more Nigerians are beginning to realise this truth, but the numbers are still far too small compared to the country’s workforce. Housing is more than shelter. It is a form of dignity, stability and security. For workers who spend decades of their lives in service to the nation or the private sector, a permanent home should not be a luxury. It should be a right and the NHF is one of the surest ways to claim that right.

Osidi

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Edited

Trends and Threads

Sustainability Reporting : Nigerian banks and the visibility test

When the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) introduced the Nigerian Sustainable Banking Principles (NSBP) over a decade ago, a key goal was to embed environmental and social responsibility into the core of financial institutions in the country. Last week, this page established that visibility must precede accountability in sustainability reporting. Commitments, no matter how noble, lose their value when hidden from the public eye. Building on that, we present a sustainability visibility scan of one of Nigeria’s most regulated and influential sectors- the banking industry.

What We Found

A desk review of ten randomly selected Nigerian banks - Access Bank, Zenith Bank, UBA, First Bank, GT Bank, Ecobank, Fidelity Bank, Stanbic IBTC, FCMB, and Union Bank - shows significant but uneven progress in the visibility of sustainability efforts and reporting. All ten companies have published various forms of sustainability policies, statements, and reports on their websites (viewed as of October 6th, 2025). This represents a significant step in sustainability reporting because it shows that awareness and structural governance for sustainability are emerging in Nigeria’s banking sector. Most have gone beyond just formulating policies to providing structured disclosures, such as dedicated sustainability or CSR reports. However, beneath this progress, two crucial aspects need closer attention: visibility and recency.

The visibility issue

While all sampled banks have sustainability materials online, the ease of access varies sharply. This difference speaks volumes about how transparency is valued. Banks such as Zenith Bank, UBA, and First Bank make their sustainability or CSR statements easy to find, prominently displayed on their homepages or website headers and footers. This visibility signals openness and an invitation for external stakeholders to engage. By contrast, Stanbic IBTC’s sustainability policy is tucked away within its investor relations section, making it difficult for a broad range of stakeholders to locate. Similarly, Access Bank’s sustainability policy is less visible than its other policies, such as its privacy or IMS policies. For some of the banks, even when the information exists, its placement often determines who actually sees it, and by extension, who holds the companies accountable. Visibility, therefore, remains more than a design issue; it is a statement of intent. A hidden policy may appear to satisfy compliance on paper but falls short of the transparency test in practice.

Recency: When compliance outpaces currency

The second concern revealed in the sampled study is recency, which is the timeliness and consistency of sustainability reporting. While several banks have moved from policy adoption to active disclosure, not all the published reports are up to date. Most of the sampled banks, including UBA, First Bank, Ecobank, Fidelity, FCMB, and GTCO, have published their 2023 sustainability reports on their websites. Only a few, such as Union Bank and Zenith Bank, have published updated 2024 reports on their sustainability web sections. This raises valid concerns about whether sustainability reporting is being treated as a living, ongoing process or a periodic compliance exercise. Are these reports being updated frequently enough to reflect current realities and evolving stakeholder expectations? If sustainability

into executive performance appraisals? Are external assurance and stakeholder engagement part of the reporting process?

These questions are intended to invite introspection. For a sector that commands such public trust and determines capital flows for green initiatives, sustainability must go beyond formality to function, from glossy PDFs to verifiable impact.

is to remain credible, reporting must keep pace with changing realities. Policies and reports that remain static risk becoming symbolic rather than strategic.

Local versus global standards

At the national level, compliance with the NSBP is a positive indicator of regulatory awareness. Yet, as global ESG standards evolve rapidly through frameworks like the International Sustainability Standards Board (ISSB) and the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI), the question arises: To what extent are Nigerian banks aligning with these global benchmarks? While local compliance demonstrates regulatory discipline, global compliance demonstrates competitiveness. Nigerian banks may meet domestic disclosure obligations,

but whether they measure up to evolving global ESG expectations remains to be seen. Authentic sustainability leadership requires bridging this gap, moving from “we comply” to “we lead.”

Beyond tokenism: From policies to practice

Another area demanding attention is the risk of tokenistic sustainability policiesdocuments that exist for compliance or branding purposes but do not necessarily translate to measurable environmental or social outcomes. A sustainability statement without clear action plans, performance metrics, or levels of oversight risks becoming mere window dressing. How many of these policies are backed by tangible actions? Are sustainability targets integrated

The way forward Our findings confirm that visibility is the first step toward accountability. To lead in sustainable finance disclosure, Nigerian banks must move from occasional publications to consistent communication, from local compliance to global relevance, and from superficial policy statements to impactful performance. The groundwork has been established, and progress deserves recognition. However, as the financial sector becomes more climate-conscious and data-driven, sustainability in Nigeria’s banking industry needs to shift from the subpage to the spotlight — from visibility to verifiability. This page will continue to evaluate and highlight how organisations across Nigeria’s private sector are turning their sustainability commitments into clear, verifiable actions.

Our goal is to foster transparency, promote genuine accountability, and build a culture where sustainability reporting is both standard practice and a competitive advantage.

• Roosevelt Ogbonna, CEO Access Bank

•Adaora Umeoji, CEO Zenith Bank

•Segun Agbaje, CEO GTCO

SOStainability Week ly

Edited by Oke Epia | e-mail: sostainability01@gmail.com

Washing and hushing

The tense standoff between Dangote Refinery and the Petroleum and Natural Gas Senior Staff Association of Nigeria (PENGASSAN) has Nigeria on edge. The reason for this is clear – the dispute revolves around the availability and cost of petroleum products. That’s why everyone, including citizens and businesses, is talking about it, and the government is stepping in. The ripple effects and repercussions of an unresolved or escalating conflict between the company and the labour union could severely harm the economy and the country’s stability. It could also harm the Dangote brand – a global conglomerate built on the name, sweat, and wealth of Africa’s richest man, Aliko Dangote. And the responsibility to prevent this (and mitigate current negative reputational impacts) rests solely with the

leadership and management of the group of companies. Interventions by the government and other stakeholders to resolve the conflict between the refinery and PENGASSAN may help maintain a stable and

To emphasise this point, it is crucial to understand the primary issue at dispute. Dangote Refinery recently dismissed 800 Nigerian workers in what it termed an internal reorganisation occasioned by reported sabotage, which it said led to safety concerns in the plant. PENGASSAN disagreed swiftly, saying the disengaged staff were targeted for joining the workers’ union.

The union deplored the manner of the sack and claimed that Indian nationals replaced the sacked employees. It then proceeded to mobilise its members to shut down oil and gas facilities, which not only affected the company but also threatened production across the value chain of the industry. Dangote, on the other hand, labelled union leaders as terrorists and signalled to the government to guarantee energy security, and by extension, national security. The 650-barrels-per-day plant refuted the union’s claims, insisting that it respects internationally recognised labour principles, including the rights of workers to unionise. While the impasse lasted, the market experienced a swift reaction, with prices of cooking gas skyrocketing by as much as 100 percent in some parts of the country. Dangote

Refinery reached out to its arsenal, saying it would sell its products in US Dollars in a naira economy. It was a case of two elephants fighting, leaving the grass to suffer the consequences. The federal government quickly intervened and secured what appears to be a temporary truce between the feuding parties, thereby saving the nation from the agony of a paralysing strike action. Dangote reportedly agreed to recall the sacked workers, but on a redeployment to its other subsidiaries.

This is where the question of ethical governance gets escalated. Dangote is struggling to convince the public that the workers in question were laid off to protect the operational integrity and safety of its plant. Sabotage is not an accusation that should be frivolously used. The company must have had substantial evidence of such actions before laying off 800 staff in one fell swoop. Was the evidence presented to PENGASSAN and, indeed, the federal government? Are there consequences for wilful sabotage beyond lay-offs of the employees that could have been activated to validate the weighty allegations against them? Was it just a coincidence that the sack affected staff members who had agreed to join the union? Are the replaced staff Indian nationals as alleged?

Spotlight Brush with workers : The war Dangote Refinery cannot win

COP30 : What is Nigeria goal at Belem ?

In just over a month, the world will gather in Belem, Brazil, the gateway city to the Amazon River. From November 10 to 21, high-level climate diplomacy will take centre stage as government officials, business leaders, lobbyists, civil society members, scientists, journalists, and organizers of various side events engage in discussions about the future of the planet and its inhabitants. The Conference of the Parties (COP) of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) is the annual flagship gathering to examine the state of affairs and negotiate or renegotiate a range of scientific, economic, political, social, and other factors impacting the Paris Agreement’s goal to keep global temperature rise below 2oC or within 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels. Participants at COP meetings often arrive with agendas aligned with their goals. For countries and companies, especially, these agendas are usually carefully planned and integrated into the conference schedule, which is released beforehand. Some nations conduct extensive consultations across economic sectors, demographic

groups, intergovernmental, intra-governmental, and non-governmental organisations to present a unified and consistent front at these pivotal global climate meetings. Already, COP30 organizers have published a thematic days calendar for August. Over 30 interconnected themes are incorporated into a comprehensive six-pronged action plan focused on energy, industry, and transport; forests, oceans, and biodiversity; agriculture and food systems; cities, infrastructure, and water; human and social development; and cross-cutting issues.

The key questions include: What are Nigeria’s objectives in Belem? Has there been any coordination of a clear agenda behind which participants from the country—whether from the public, private, or non-governmental sectors—are being mobilized? Which government department, agency, or officials are leading the process, if any? Where is the National Council

NCCC

on Climate Change (NCCC) in all of this? What is the composition of the official government delegation? Who are Nigeria’s champions from the private sector and civil society? Is the government or private sector hosting any side event?

These and other related questions call out Dangote Refinery to convincingly explain the ethics behind its corporate governance practices. Compliance with human rights, as well as national and international labour laws and statutes, is non-negotiable.

This includes the right of workers to associate freely in their own self-interest. This also includes the right to decent work and fair wages, as well as protection against unfair and discriminatory employment practices. The Refinery has insisted that it complies with these. However, such defences are hardly enough, as sustainability auditing can easily unravel counterclaims, especially when built on quicksand or exaggerated.

But in today’s world, where businesses must look beyond the bottom line to consider social responsibility and strong ethical governance, a leading brand with global recognition cannot afford to be entangled in the controversy Dangote Refinery has encountered. ESG-conscious companies are guided by the triple bottom line principles of profit, people, and planet (depending on the specific priorities of the business). The conflict with workers may create the impression that the human resources— those who produce the products and, by extension, the profits—of Dangote Refinery occupy a lower position in the value chain. For a major brand that will be evaluated by its compliance with global and national sustainability reporting standards, Dangote must be mindful of the image it projects. Even if it wins the battle with PENGASSAN, it’s unlikely to win the long-term war for brand reputation, which depends on sustainable corporate practices.

•Aliko Dangote president/chief executive of Dangote Group

•Mrs. Omotenioye Majekodunmi, DG of

RATES AS AT Oc TO b ER 9,2025

priorities as IAPH VP for Africa Applaud FG’s support, vision for blue economy

Eromosele Abiodun

in Kobe, Japan

The Managing Director of the Nigerian Ports Authority (NPA), Dr Abubakar Dantsoho, has said that the ongoing ports reconstruction across Africa will engender efficiency, trade facilitation and revolutionise the industry

in the continent.

Dantsoho stated this yesterday during his inauguration as the Vice President, Africa, International Association of Ports and Harbours (IAPH) in Kobe, Japan.

According to him, “Now, for those of us from Africa, we are normally identified as the new frontier because

of the great potentials of our continent. The continent of Africa has a population of about 1.5 billion people. In terms of coastline, we have about 34,000 km of coastline. Unfortunately, in the area of infrastructure and the port system, we have been falling behind. And now we have realised that it is

important to do a lot of catching up very quickly.

“I want to say that it is interesting to observe that most of the ports in Africa now are putting a lot of funding into port infrastructure. For example, we have the Simado project in Guinea Conakry, which is going for about $11 billion. We have projects like

that in Morocco, $2.5 billion and Nigeria, $1.5 billion to develop this infrastructure. This is a game changer for us.

He added, “For us, I think that is the most important step to take because the infrastructure has been very old. So we need to have this new one so we can accommodate all kinds of capabilities to the specific diversions. In any case, not only having the capability to receive the diversions for Africa is important, I think it is also important to have the efficiency to be able to also receive mediumsized and even smaller services.”

L-R: Vice-President Asia, South/West , East & Middle East, International Association of Ports and Harbours (IAPH), Mr. Ichio Motono; Vice-President Asia , South East & Oceania, Ms. Marika Calfas; Vice-President for Europe, Mr. Jacques Vandermeiren; Vice-President for Africa, Dr. Abubakar Dantsoho; Vice-President for America, Central & South, Mr. Vinicius Patel; Vice-President for America, North, Mr. Eugene Seroka and IAPH President, Mr. Jens Meier during the inauguration of IAHP’s new executives at the just concluded World Ports Conference held in Kobe, Japan… recently

Users Lament

Chinedu Eze

Airport passengers and travellers are worried about the dilapidated roads at the Murtala Muhammed International Airport (MMIA), Lagos and have called on the Federal Airports Authority of Nigeria (FAAN), to immediately fix the bad roads for the safety of road users.

Stakeholders at the Hajj

Chaotic, Porous Cargo Terminal, Dilapidated Roads at Lagos Airport

Cargo Terminal of the airport also expressed disappointment at the chaos and arbitrary access to the facility, saying that it constitutes security challenge to both cargo and passenger terminals. It has been documented that characters of questionable means can access the international terminal and indications have also shown that persons that breached the

security apparatus to the airside of the international terminal, accessed the restricted area through the Hajj and Cargo Terminal.

Some of the stakeholders who spoke to THISDAY excoriated FAAN management for its seeming indifference and insensitivity to road users, positing that Lagos airport is the gateway of Nigeria, where many foreigners pass through every day

to enter the country.

They noted that besides that, many Nigerians who have businesses at the airport ply through the bad roads and after going through such tortuous experience, they still meet their financial obligations to the agency, which is their landlord.

The worst of the roads is the barely one kilometre NIGAV Road, which is totally dilapidated

with potholes that can drown an adult leg to the shin when it rains. The road branches off from the Ajao-International Terminal road, less than 100 feet to the Access Gate.

Along that road are major businesses like Sahara Energy aviation fuel storage facility, the major oil marketing company; CITA; Nigeria Airspace Management Agency (NAMA) Annexe; NIGAV

Conference Centre; Afloat Hydrants; and others. Another dilapidated road is the one that leads from the Access Gate roundabout to Pilot Lounge Road. From the roundabout to the end of the road maybe two kilometres but since early this year work has been going on at the road and it has not been completed.

Stakeholders to Appraise Infrastructural Challenges in Transport Sector

Stories by Chinedu Eze

Stakeholders in the nation’s transportation industry will x-ray the challenges posed by ailing infrastructure in the transport sector of Nigeria’s economy and the efforts made so far, in order to identify ways forward in an upcoming summit.

The meeting is slated for Wednesday, October

29, 2025 at the Providence Hotel, GRA, Ikeja, Lagos.

The summit themed: ‘Nigeria’s Transport Infrastructure: Innovation for a Sustainable Future’, is being organised by JustAlive Communications Limited, Publishers of JustNet News, an online news reporting platform with major interest in transportation modes - Aviation, Maritime, Waterways, Rail and Road.

A statement signed by the Managing Director of JustAlive Communications Ltd, Mrs. Pearl Ngwama, stated that the idea behind the summit was to gather experts, professionals and policymakers in the total gamut of the transportation sector to have a holistic look at the nation’s Transport Sector with a view to x-raying the infrastructure aspects.

Air WAtCh

Air Peace Expands Horizon with New Abuja-London Route

TAJBank Limited, the fastest growing noninterest bank in Nigeria, has again demonstrated its frontline visibility in Nigeria’s non-interest banking investment market with its latest N20 billion Mudarabah Sukuk bond offer recording 185.15 per cent oversubscription rate.

The data just released by the investment market authorities on the performance of the

bond indicated that the debt instrument, with annual profit rate at 20.5 per cent per annum, recorded N57,029,771 billion allotment, representing 185.15 per cent oversubscription and highlighting the growing investor confidence in the bank.

Speaking on the performance of the bond,

TAJBank’s Founder/ Managing Director,

Mr. Hamid Joda, described the N20 billion Mudarabah Sukuk bond subscription rate, which is the second tranche of the bank’s N100 billion Sukuk bond programme, as impressive given the current micro and macroeconomic factors in the economy, which continue to rob off on the real income of Nigerians and other residents in the country.

Elin Group Receives NCAA Maintenance Certification

Elin Group Limited has secured Approved Maintenance Organization (AMO) and Operations Specification (OPSPEC) certification from the Nigeria Civil Aviation Authority (NCAA) to conduct checks on certain aircraft types.

According to statement from the company, the certification, awarded in September 2025, followed Elin’s historic completion of Africa’s first 7,800 hour landings check on a Bombardier Challenger 604.

With a Challenger 604 and an Agusta A109E helicopter in its fleet, Elin

has been a strong player in Nigeria’s private aviation sector for over five years.

The AMO certification now positions the company to extend its maintenance services to third-party operators, helping African carriers retain skills and resources within the continent.

The Executive Director, Elin Group Limited, Dr.

Benedict Adeyileka, stated: “The issuance of the AMO Certificates and OPSPEC by the NCAA is a landmark for both Elin Group and Nigeria’s aviation industry. This approval empowers us to maintain our fleet and extend services to other operators, thereby supporting the sector’s growth.

Energy Group Expands Board to Strengthen Vision

Tetracore Energy Group, a leading integrated midstream–downstream energy company, in Nigeria and Africa, has announced the appointment of three distinguished professionals: Oscar Onyema OON, Aisha Balewa Abubakar, and Dr. Ayodele Oni to its Board of Directors.

They join existing board members President/CEO - Olakunle Williams, Kemi Williams, Okezie Okah-Avae, and Oladayo Williams, bringing a wealth of expertise and leadership that aligns with Tetracore’s growing ambitions.

Over the years, Tetracore has consistently

demonstrated innovation and resilience across the energy value chain, from expanding natural gas infrastructure and distributing gas across Nigeria and beyond, to be the largest Gas Trading Company and auto gas distributors in the country. The company has also pioneered hybrid renewable projects that power industries and communities, reinforcing its commitment to Africa’s sustainable energy transformation. Strengthening its board marks a strategic step toward consolidating these achievements and guiding the company’s next phase of growth.

Fred Chukwuelobe

On October 26, 2025, Air Peace Airlines Limited will add the lucrative Nnamdi Azikiwe International Airport, Abuja (IATA code ABV) and the London Heathrow (LHR) route to its network. The airline will also in 48 hours after, add the ABV - London Gatwick (LGW) route. This will bring to three the number of UK destinations Air Peace will be flying into, that is, in addition to its highly successful Murtala Muhammed International Airport (LOS) Lagos to London Gatwick (LGW) it currently operates.

Last August, Air Peace received another Boeing 777-200ER aircraft with registration number 5N-CEG, bringing to four the number of wide-body aircraft in its fleet to service these new routes. The upcoming London routes will increase their share of passenger volume into London, a market that had for years been dominated by foreign “big players” in the aviation industry.

As Air Peace expands its horizons with new Abuja-London routes, it will now operate direct flights from Abuja to London’s Heathrow and Gatwick airports.

Following the Abuja-London routes take off, Air Peace is taking passengers directly from Nigerian airports straight to the UK. It is also offering round-trip tickets starting from N1 million, which is significantly lower than the average fares offered by other airlines on that route. Passengers will be flown in Air Peace’s wide-body Boeing 777-200 aircraft, providing them with enhanced comfort and a premium cabin experience, and feted with Nigerian dishes.

The new routes will offer seamless connections to multiple destinations across Nigeria, including Lagos, Port Harcourt, Enugu, Benin, Warri, Owerri, Kano, Yola, Gombe, and Asaba, a significant milestone for Air Peace, which will undoubtedly solidify its position as a leader in local, regional, and intercontinental aviation in Nigeria. It will increase the travel options available to the flying public, reduce costs, and enhance connectivity between Nigeria and the UK.

The launch of the two routes is a result of persistent efforts by the Tinubu administration to secure slots

for Air Peace at Heathrow Airport. Chairman/CEO of the airline, Chief Allen Ifechukwu Onyema (CON), has acknowledged this and has also expressed gratitude to the British government and the Minister of Aviation and Aerospace Development, Festus Keyamo, SAN, for their support in making this route a reality.

Speaking on the impending international routes while receiving the latest addition to the airline’s fleet, Onyema said: “Air Peace will also begin direct flights from Lagos to São Paulo, Brazil; Lagos to Antigua and Barbuda in the Caribbean. Its Lagos - Brazil direct flights will cut down on the number of hours passengers spend from Lagos to the Samba City to just seven and a half.

He added that, right from 2014 when it began commercial operations, Air Peace resolved to become a big player in not just the Nigerian aviation sector but internationally, telling the world “That Nigeria was tired of playing a second fiddle and is determined to become a big player in the industry.”

From its record seven aircraft upon its debut on October 24, 2014, Air Peace has today transcended the Nigerian aviation skies into the West African sub-region and has continued to soar into international skies where it is spreading its wings to the admiration of Nigerians who had waited with berthed breath for an airline to call their own.

As a new airline, Air Peace began with a fleet of three (3) Dornier 328 aircraft for charter services and four (4) Boeing 737-500 aircraft with a capacity of 114 seats for both passenger and cargo services. As demand for air travel grew over the years, it became evident that more aircraft were needed to satisfy the flying public. Between 2015 and 2017, the airline acquired eight (8) additional Boeing 737-300 aircraft, each with a capacity of 136 seats. Inundated with pleas by members of the flying public to extend its services to many unserved and underserved domestic and regional routes, Air Peace procured six 50-seater Embraer 145 jets in 2018 to drive its ‘No-City-Left-Behind’ project under its subsidiary, Air Peace Hopper.

Patricia obozuwa: Championing Cause to rebrand Nigeria’s Global Image

as Managing director of the Nigeria Global Reputation Management Project, Patricia Obozuwa is leading a bold initiative to reshape how the world sees Nigeria. With a distinguished career spanning communications, public affairs, and sustainability, from GE africa to Coca-Cola africa, she brings deep expertise in building trust and driving impactful narratives. In this interview with MArY NNAH, she discusses the vision behind the project, its strategy for rebranding Nigeria, and the importance of promoting cultural diplomacy and youth empowerment. She explains how digital innovation, storytelling, and the creative industries can help project Nigeria’s strengths, attract investment, and foster national pride while changing global perceptions for the better

What exactly is the Nigeria Global Reputation Project?

It is a strategic, data-driven national initiative designed to proactively measure, manage, and enhance Nigeria’s perception on the global stage. Powered by the National Orientation Agency (NOA), it brings together government, private sector, and cultural leaders to align our national narrative with our economic and cultural realities, ultimately driving investment, tourism, and global influence.

This project is unique in its focus on perception intelligence (using data to guide our strategy), its collaborative model (co-creating with private sector and diaspora leaders, not a top-down government campaign), and its longterm, proactive approach (building reputation capital to prevent crises, not just reacting to negative news). The measurement of its success is by Global Perception Indices: Tracking Nigeria’s position in recognised rankings (e.g., Anholt-Ipsos Nation Brands Index), Sentiment Analysis: Measuring tone and volume of international media coverage and social discourse, and Economic Indicators: Monitoring correlations with Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and tourism numbers (long-term).

What is the role of the National Orientation Agency (NOA) in this project?

This project is powered by the NOA. The NOA provides the crucial grassroots reach to ensure our international narrative is authentic and reflects the domestic reality. The NOA’s mandate for national advocacy and civic education is the foundation upon which a strong, unified global reputation is built.

Who do you consider the primary target audiences for your reputation management efforts, both domestically and internationally?

The National Orientation Agency has several programmes to promote citizens’ pride. Internationally, our audiences include investors, global media, the Nigerian diaspora, and global policy and diplomatic communities. Each audience requires a customised approach, but all should hear a consistent message of progress, potential, and growth partnership.

What strategies do you intend to use to engage various stakeholders, including government, private sector, and civil society, in the reputation management process?

Reputation management is most powerful when it is inclusive. Our strategy boils down to three things. Shared ownership, structured dialogue, and co-creation. Our strategy is to create platforms where the government, the private sector, civil society, and youth

can contribute to shaping Nigeria’s story. This will include stakeholder roundtables, joint campaigns, and cross-sector partnerships. We will empower them as co-creators. We will provide the platform, the digital tools, the media connections… and then amplify their authentic stories. The government’s role isn’t to control the narrative, but to curate and champion the incredible narratives Nigerians are already creating every day. It’s about moving from telling the world about Nigeria to helping Nigerians tell the world themselves. Engagement must be two-way… we must listen as much as we communicate.

How do you intend to involve younger generations in the project, particularly in shaping and sharing Nigeria’s narrative?

Nigeria is a young nation, and our youth are our greatest storytellers. We can involve them through digital challenges, creative ambassador programs, and training opportunities that allow them to co-create narratives. We believe that when young Nigerians share their stories, the world will listen.

How do you view the role of cultural diplomacy in shaping Nigeria’s reputation abroad?

I see cultural diplomacy as Nigeria’s most powerful and authentic form of soft power. Instead of telling the world who we are, we can show them in ways they can feel and experience. Just as South Korea’s K-pop and drama have redefined its image, or the way the British Council quietly builds

bridges through arts and education, Nigeria has Afrobeats, Nollywood, fashion, and literature. When our music fills stadiums in London or our films stream in distant countries, they build connections no official communiqué can. Cultural diplomacy softens barriers, builds affinity, and makes the world more open to us.

How will you incorporate Nigeria’s rich cultural heritage into your reputation management efforts?

Nigeria’s cultural heritage is our greatest source of soft power. We’ll incorporate it in three major ways. First, by empowering our creators. We’ll seek to actively partner with our musicians, filmmakers, artists, and fashion designers. Our role will be to serve as a platform that amplifies their work on the global stage… positioning Nigerian culture not as exotic but as integral to global culture. Second, by curating modern narratives. We’ll showcase how our rich traditions form the base of our contemporary innovation. Think of it as drawing a clear line from ancient Benin bronzes to the world-class animation studios in Nigeria today. We’re a culture that both honors its past and constantly reinvents itself. Finally, by making our culture central to diplomacy and business. Our cultural exports are a gateway. We’ll use them to attract cultural tourism, foster creative industry investments, and show how Nigeria can be a dynamic partner.

Share the long-term vision for the project

My long-term vision is for the world to see Nigeria as a leading voice… not just in Africa, but a respected global player. A place of opportunity and innovation. In ten years, I will see this evolution clearly. We’ll stop talking about our reputation defensively and start leveraging it proactively. We’ll shift from correcting misconceptions to leading global conversations in sectors like tech and the creative industries. When global decisions are made, we will be listened to with respect. Our goal is to make this work permanent. Success means baking reputation management into our national DNA… where government policies and business decisions naturally consider the impact on how we are perceived globally. We won’t need a project because a strong, positive reputation will be a core, non-negotiable part of our national strategy and our economic value.

What role will digital technology play in this project? Digital technology is transforming how reputations are built. For Nigeria, digital platforms allow us to bypass traditional media and engage directly with global audiences. Technology also enables authentic storytelling. Every Nigerian online can be part of shaping the country’s image. We will leverage social media, influencer partnerships, AI-driven sentiment analysis, and virtual experiences to showcase Nigeria’s culture and innovation. In essence, digital technology allows us to be faster, smarter, and more authentic. It enables us to measure the impact of our efforts in real-time and pivot our strategy based on what works.

How will partnerships with development agencies or NGOs enhance your project’s goals? Partnerships are absolutely critical. They act as a force multiplier for our goals in two important ways. First, they are trusted third-party voices that can attest to real, measurable progress happening on the ground. Secondly, they provide scale and expertise. These organisations have deep networks and specialized knowledge. By partnering, we can co-create and amplify narratives around shared goals like climate resilience or youth empowerment… ensuring our message reaches the right audiences with substance to back it up.

Patricia Obozuwa

Yetunde Salako: “Mission Possible” is Reminder Excellent Service is Achievable with Right Structures, People, and Technology

In commemoration of the global observance of Customer Service Week, yetunde Salako, an experienced customer experience professional, who leads Customer Service at 9PSB, Nigeria’s First Payment Service Bank harps on the fact that excellent service is achievable when organisations put the right structures, people and technology in place. Precious Ugwuzor brings excerpts:

Happy Customer Service Week! I am quite sure you have been following the stats from the relevant Customer Service groups. For example, the West African Association of Customer Service Professionals (WAACSP) recently reported that customer experience still ranks as “poor,” with an average customer satisfaction index of 67% in 2024. How do you think this perception affects the customer service industry, particularly in the digital payments space, and what steps can the industry take to improve overall customer experience?

This perception shows that customers expect more consistency, speed, and empathy from service providers. In the digital payments space, constant downtime, failed transactions and slow complaint resolution quickly erode trust. To improve, the industry must focus on proactive communication during service downtimes, stronger self-service options, faster resolution times, and data-driven insights to anticipate customer pain points before they escalate.

From your perspective as a customer experience leader, what broader message does the 2025 Customer Service Week theme, “Mission: Possible,” send to organizations and customers.

For me, “Mission: Possible” is a reminder that excellent service is achievable when organizations put the right structures, people, and technology in place. It is also a message to customers that we are committed to making their experiences better, come hell or high water.

What key trends do you foresee shaping the future of customer experience in Nigeria’s digital financial landscape?

Some of the key trends would be Increased adoption of AI-powered self-service tools. More personalized

customer engagement driven by data. Stronger collaboration between fintech, banks, and regulators to ensure transparency. And particularly, a shift from reactive support to proactive engagement, where issues are solved before customers complain.

In its 2025 report, the Federal Competition and Consumer Protection Commission (FCCPC) revealed it resolved over 9,000 consumer complaints and recovered ₦10 billion between March and August, with banking and fintech sectors accounting for more than 50% of the cases.

In light of this, what proactive strategies should financial service providers adopt to reduce complaints and rebuild customer trust?

Providers must tighten customer education, improve complaint handling speed, and communicate clearly during issues. Building trust also requires transparency, acknowledging failures quickly and showing customers the steps being taken to fix them. For example, at 9PSB, we do this through structured escalation processes and direct collaboration with our compliance and operations teams to close complaints faster. Organizations also need to adopt self service complaints resolution processes which will reduce wait times.

What advice would you give to organizations trying to build a truly customer culture, especially in the evolving digital payments space? And is the ‘Customer-first’ lingua true in principle and in

practice?

Building a customer centric or customer focused culture starts with leadership’s buy-in, if leaders don’t prioritize customers, employees won’t. It also requires embedding customerfocused metrics into performance reviews and decision-making. ‘Customer-first’ is real in principle, but in practice, it requires constant reinforcement, training, and the willingness to sometimes choose long-term trust over short-term gains.

How is 9PSB driving excellent customer service through its Customer Experience department?

At 9PSB, we are focused on proactive communication, reducing first response times, and building automation that makes support faster. We also drive excellence by training our teams continuously, using customer feedback to improve services, and collaborating closely with operations, technology, product and compliance to ensure smooth, secure experiences for our customers and partners.

How has your journey been as a Customer Experience Manager?

It has been both challenging and rewarding. I have had the opportunity to lead teams, introduce new processes, and improve key metrics like SLA adherence. It’s a role that has taught me resilience, empathy, and the power of data in decision-making.

What is your message to Corporates, MSMEs, and Customers during this year’s Customer Service Week?

To organizations: keep investing in customer experience, it is not an expense but a long-term growth driver. To MSMEs: Prioritize customer trust, because it is your most valuable asset.

To customers: We value your trust and feedback, and we are committed to turning every challenge into an opportunity to serve you better.

Olam Agri’s Animal Feed Business Awards 65 Scholarships in Annual Back-to-School

Olam Agri, a leading player in Nigeria’s agribusiness sector, has successfully concluded the second edition of its Back-toSchool Scholarship Programme, a significant initiative that has provided financial aid to a total of 65 students from staff families and host communities in Ilorin and Kaduna.

This initiative is part of Olam Agri’s Seeds for the Future (SFTF) initiative, which is committed to ensuring a secure and sustainable future for local populations.

The programme reflects Olam Agri’s deep commitment to education, employee welfare, and community development, easing the financial burden of schooling while investing in Nigeria’s next generation of leaders.

Amit Agarwal, Business Head for Olam Agri’s Integrated Feed & Protein, emphasised the company’s dedication to education, “At Olam Agri, we see education as the cornerstone of national progress. This

initiative is a tangible way of empowering young people to achieve their full potential while supporting families in our workforce and communities. We are delighted to see this initiative grow and have a positive impact on so many lives.”

Monica Bissala, a high school student from Kaduna and one of the scholarship

recipients, shared her heartfelt gratitude.

“I am so happy and thankful to Olam Agri for this scholarship. It will help my parents buy new books and school supplies. This support motivates me to study even harder and achieve my dreams.” Her story is just one of the many lives positively impacted by this initiative.

Programme

The programme also received heartfelt appreciation from beneficiaries within the Olam Agri staff. Alamezie Chimankpa, a staff member and a parent of a scholar in Ilorin, remarked, “Olam Agri has always been a family, and this scholarship proves their commitment to our well-being. This gesture has brought immense relief to my family, and I am deeply grateful for their support.”

Community leaders also praised the company’s efforts. Mr Joseph Sauri Garba, the Kogunan Gbagyi of Chikun Local Government Area, a community leader from Kaduna, noted, “This programme shows that Olam Agri is not just a company in our community, but a true partner. By helping our children get a good education, they are building a stronger and more prosperous future for all of us. We are thankful for their continued partnership.” His words reflect the widespread community support for this initiative.

Yetunde Salako

L-R: Sunday Makama, Chikun Council Secretary; Meena Khator, Alok Khator, VP MATS Olam Agri; Zhishiyi Peters, community recipient & her father; Joseph Garba, Kogunan Gbagyi of Chikun LGA; Somnath Mandal, VP Engineering/Plant Head, Olam Agri Kaduna, and Morenike Alayerogun, GM Human Resources, Olam Agri during the award of scholarships… recently

APM Terminals Calls for Policy Continuity to Drive Foreign Investment

Oriarehu Bonny

APM Terminals Nigeria has highlighted continuity and consistency in policy regulations as key to providing an enabling environment for foreign investment to flow into Nigeria.

The Chief Executive Officer of APM Terminals Nigeria, Frederik Klinke, stated this at the 31st annual Nigerian Economic Summit held in Abuja.

At a CEO Roundtable panel discussion on the Future of Infrastructure Funding in Nigeria, Klinke described Nigeria’s inclusion in every global investor’s portfolio as crucial to their long-term strategy for Africa.

reforms being taken by the government. However, there has to be the right regulatory environment for predictability that guarantees that the rules will not change.

“The same goes for the commercial terms of these investments. When you operate in a volatile inflation and forex environment like Nigeria, investors understand that but there has to be assurance that the regulation in place allows for such volatility by enabling investors to adjust tariffs when inflation runs high. If that is not in place, that it becomes a huge hindrance to business.”

we have introduced has emerged from deep reflection and the courage to act in the interest of the nation. Our ticket to achieve inclusive and lasting prosperity is our series of sound policies, strong partnerships and the commitment of the private sector.”

Director-General of the Infrastructure Concession Regulatory Commission, Jobson Ewalefoh, described as unanimous the reality that political risk was Nigeria’s biggest hindrance to investors.

He said, “What investors are concerned about is long term predictability; there must be policies in place that would not change. There is a lot of positivity around the MTN Nigeria has reaffirmed its commitment to driving Nigeria’s digital transformation through strategic investments in professional capacity building and partnerships that empower the nation’s workforce for the future.

Earlier, Nigeria’s Vice President, His Excellency, Kashim Shettima, during the opening ceremony had assured delegates to the summit that while Nigeria’s challenges were daunting, they were not insurmountable.

He said, “Every reform

He said, “The discussion before us goes beyond the funding of physical assets. Our infrastructure gap represents a significant challenge and transformative opportunity. Public resources can no longer support the transformation we envisage. This is exactly where ICRC serves as a catalyst; to regulate and oversee PPE projects.”

MTN Deepens Digital Transformation Investment, Backs Accountants’ Capacity Building

Speaking on the sidelines of the 55th Annual Accountants Conference of the Institute of Chartered Accountants of Nigeria (ICAN), the Chief Financial Officer of MTN Nigeria, Mr. Modupe Kadri, said the company’s sponsorship of the event reflects its belief in equipping professionals with the technological tools required to thrive in a data-driven economy.

Kadri noted that MTN’s support for the accounting profession forms part of its broader agenda to strengthen Nigeria’s human capital base amid a global shift toward artificial intelligence (AI), cloud computing, cybersecurity, and fintech innovations.

“At MTN, we see digital transformation not just as a business strategy, but as a national imperative,” Kadri said. “Our partnership with ICAN is about preparing Nigeria’s finance professionals for the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Accountants are key to economic stability, and their ability to adapt to

new technologies will determine the strength of Nigeria’s financial ecosystem.”

He emphasised that retooling and continuous learning have become critical for all professionals, including those in accounting.

“Everybody needs to upskill themselves,” he said. “What we were taught in school is no longer enough. Cloud skills, artificial intelligence, cybersecurity — those are the tools that will define tomorrow’s economy.”

Also, the President of ICAN, Mallam Haruna Nma Yahaya, commended MTN for its sustained partnership and

Customer Service Week: FCMB Celebrates Customers, Possibilities

First City Monument Bank (FCMB) is celebrating Customer Service Week 2025 with a renewed focus on turning everyday challenges into opportunities through innovation and personalised service.

This year’s global celebration, which runs from October 6 to 10 under the theme “Mission: Possible,” spotlights FCMB’s belief that no goal is beyond reach when supported by the right tools, teamwork, and commitment to customers.

“At FCMB, every day is an opportunity to provide excellent service. This week, we are proud to celebrate our customers and employees, whose dedication continues to drive our success,” said Yemisi Edun, Managing Director, FCMB. The Bank’s customer-first approach is producing strong results. Its Net Promoter Score (NPS) stood at 74% in August 2025, ahead of the industry average. NPS for digital banking also rose from 71% to 75%, showing improved customer satisfaction.

Felicia Obozuwa, Executive Director of Corporate Services & Service Management, added: “In a fast-changing world, we are proud to deliver solutions that truly add value. Customer Service Week is another chance to thank our customers for their loyalty and our employees for their dedication.”

As part of the celebrations, FCMB executives, including the Managing Director, have entered customer-facing roles, visiting branches to engage with customers and personally present them with special gifts. The Bank also recognises children with Kiddies’ accounts and rewards its top 50 customers for their enduring loyalty. Employees are also at the heart of the celebration. Staff activities include peer-topeer recognition sessions to celebrate colleagues who live the Bank’s values and interdepartmental competitions such as a Bankers Game Show and a Theme Song Contest.

Saharan Blend (Algeria), Djeno (Congo), Zafiro (Equatorial Guinea),

(Gabon), Iran Heavy (Islamic Republic

Basrah Medium (Iraq), Kuwait Export (Kuwait), Es Sider (Libya), Bonny Light (Nigeria), Arab Light (Saudi Arabia), Murban (UAE) and Merey (Venezuela).

L-R: Director-General of the Infrastructure Concession Regulatory Commission, Jobson Ewalefoh; Partner & Africa Head of Infrastructure KPMG, Dimeji Salaudeen and Chief Executive Officer, APM Terminals Nigeria, Frederik Klinke at the end of the CEO Roundtable session on The Future of Infrastructure Funding at the Nigerian Economic Summit in Abuja...recently

Stock Market Sustains Positive Momentum, Advances by

Kayode Tokede

The stock market section of the Nigerian Exchange Limited (NGX) has sustained a positive momentum for the fourth consecutive day trading activities this week with the market capitalisation advancing by N1.66 trillion Week-till-Date (WtD) on investors’ demand

for large capitalised stocks.

The market capitalisation closed yesterday trading at N92.798 trillion, which is about N1.66 trillion or 1.82 per cent increase WtD from N91.135 trillion it opened for trading this week.

Consequently, the NGX All-Share closed yesterday at 146,204.34 basis points, representing an increase of 2,620.30basis points or

1.82 per cent WtD from 143,584.04 basis points it closed for trading last week.

This brings the NGX ASI Year-till-Date (YtD) returns to 42.05per cent.

Major large capitalised stocks driving the stock market this week include Dangote Cement Plc, MTN Nigeria Communications Plc and Lafarge Africa Plc. Specifically, the stock

price of Dangote Cement has appreciated by 2.8per cent WtD to close at N540 per share from N525.10 per share it opened for trading, while MTN Nigeria Communications grew by 10.8per cent in WtD trading activities to close October 09, 2025 at N471.00 per share from N425.00 per share it opened for trading this week.

N1.66trn in Four Days

Also, the stock price of Lafarge Africa gained 2.49 per cent WtD to close October 09, 2025 at N129.65 per share from N126.50 per share the stock closed for trading last week.

In terms of sectoral performance, the NGX Insurance Index led the chart, gaining 5.05 per cent WtD to close at 1,273.98 basis points, followed by

NGX Oil/Gas Index that appreciated by 3.05 per cent WtD to close at 2,663.95 basis points. On investors demand for Dangote Cement, the NGX Industrial Index advanced by 1.35 per cent WtD to close at 5,146.16 basis points as the NGX Consumer Goods Index up by 0.8per cent WtD to close 3,428.60 basis points.

PRICES FOR SECURITIES TRADED ASOF OCTOBER /8/25

ANSAR-UD-DEEN VISITS SANWO-OLU AT LAGOS HOUSE, MARINA...

L-R: President, Ansar-Ud-Deen Society of Nigeria, Prince Adeniji Kazeem; Governor of Lagos State, Mr. Babajide Sanwo-Olu; his Deputy, Dr. Obafemi Hamzat; and Ansar-UdDeen National Missioner, Sheikh Abdur Rahman Ahmad, during a courtesy visit by the leadership of the Muslim society at the Lagos House, Marina, on Tuesday

Udokanma Okonjo Petitions CBN Over

$97,000

Overdraft Claim by Providus Bank

Says allegation false, unsubstantiated, and gross violation of due process, files appeal

James Emejo in Abuja Managing Director/Chief Executive, Fine and Country West Africa, Mrs. Udokanma Okonjo, has petitioned the Cen- tral Bank of Nigeria (CBN) over claims she owed Providus Bank unpaid overdraft amounting to $97,000.

The petition, dated October 8, 2025, was addressed to the Director, Consumer Protection

Department of the apex bank, urging the central bank to direct Providus Bank to immediately reverse the unlawful transactions and refund all wrongfully deducted sums to my accounts as well as impose appropriate regulatory sanctions on the bank.

She described the allegation as false, unsubstantiated, and a gross violation of due process, adding that an appeal had been

instituted following a Federal High Court, Lagos judgement againstReactingher. to the petition, counsel to Okonjo, Sunny Omoragbon, said the case is currently on appeal, fol- lowing the bank’s unilateral re-classification of a debit-card account as a credit facility, without consent, agreement, or documentation.

According to the legal

counsel, “Mrs. Okonjo never requested, negotiated, or signed for any overdraft facility. The so-called debt is a construct of arbitrary charges imposed without contractual authority orHetransparency.” further revealed that more than 70 per cent of the disputed amount comprises un- approved interest and charges, and that a Motion for Stay of Execution had already been

filed pending hearing on October 28, 2025.

Beyond the financial dispute, Omoragbon condemned the pattern of harassment and unprofessional communica- tion from bank officials, citing multiple threatening WhatsApp messages from a Providus Bank staff member, Mr. Olayinka Lawuyi, of the bank’s Risk Management department.

According to him, one such messages, dated July 4, 2024, read:

to provide documentation, transaction history, and contract evidence for a debt she did notHerecognise. said, “A customer has the right to seek clarification. To weaponise such a request with threats of public embarrassment is unethical and unacceptable in any financial system.”

Admits More EFCC Exhibits

Emefiele’s Trial: Court Orders Trial-Within-Trial Over Disputed Statement,

Wale Igbintade

Justice Rahman Oshodi of the Special Offences Court sitting in Ikeja, Lagos, yesterday ordered a trial-within-trial to determine the voluntariness of statements allegedly made by the second defendant, Henry Omoile, in the ongoing trial of former Governor of the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN), Godwin Emefiele, who is facing allegations of $4.5 billion fraud and abuse of office.

Emefiele and Omoile are facing a 19-count charge of alleged fraud filed by the Economic and Financial Crimes

Commission (EFCC).

The judge made the order following an objection by de- fence lawyers, who argued that the statements were obtained under duress and should not be admitted as evidence.

Meanwhile, the court also admitted several additional exhibits tendered by the pros- ecution, overruling multiple objections by the defence.

Prosecuting counsel Rotimi Oyedepo, SAN, continued the examination of EFCC operative Alvan Gurumnaan, who gave fresh details of the agency’s findings during the investigation.

Gurumnaan read from WhatsApp chats between a certain Mr. Henry and wit- ness John Adetola, captured in Exhibit G, in which Henry instructed Adetola to deliver $400,000 to “Oga” and “talk to him on WhatsApp if possible.”

“During our investigation, Adetola confirmed he went to Lekki, Lagos, where he met Ayo, the personal assistant to the CBN Governor, and handed over the $400,000. He then proceeded to the CBN office in Lagos, where the money was delivered to Emefiele,” Gurumnaan told the court.

EFCC Chairman: Nigeria Youths Should Pursue Legitimate Dreams

Yinka Kolawole in Osogbo

Executive Chairman, Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC), Mr. Ola Olukoyede, yesterday warned Nigeria youths to be resilient, hold on to their dreams in life and desist from pressure, desperation to get rich quick.

Speaking as a guest speaker at the occasion of the 17th Convoca-

tion lecture of the Redeemer’s University, Ede, Osun State, titled “Beyond Degrees: Cultivating Purpose, Resilience and Service in a Complex World,” remarked that on no account must any young Nigerian yield to pressures to get rich quick. He counselled that, “Never allow peer pressure and the desperation to lead you to crime. If you do, you might

earn temporary riches, which ultimately would land you in infamy as the wealth earned through crooked means never last.”

He advised the younger generation that whatever objectives they have set for themselves today, they must realize that it all depends on a number of social, economic and political factors.

The witness added that Adetola also admitted delivering another $200,000 to Ayo, who personally handed the money to Emefiele at the CBN office.

The EFCC investigator further testified that a CBN contractor, Victor Oyedua, corroborated the transactions during interrogation. Oyedua allegedly admitted giving Ayo the $400,000 and $200,000 to facilitate the processing of pending contract payments.

“Do you want your in- debtedness on social media?

If I do not see your payment within the next week, we shall commence full recovery, which you might find embarrassing.”

Omoragbon described the threat as “a blatant act of intimidation and reputational bullying,” in clear violation of CBN’s consumer protection guidelines and basic standards of professional banking communication.

He said Okonjo’s only ac- tion prior to the threats was a formal written request for clarification, dated March 18, 2024, asking the bank

Omoragbon also noted correspondence from the same bank official admitting that “you do not have a cor- responding amount in your account”.

He added that at other times, the account officer suggested that funds were paid into Mrs Okonjo’s account by Walter Akpani, the Managing Director, or other bank staff, a practice he described as irregular and confusing.

The legal counsel stressed that the defense will pursue redress not only through the courts but also through petitions to the apex bank’s Consumer Protection Council, and other regulatory bodies, urging a thorough review of the bank’s handling of customer accounts and communications.

This year’s observance of the International Day of the Girl Child began on Wednesday with Glo Foundation, the social responsibility arm of telecommunications company, Globacom, charging secondary school girls across the country to pay attention to their menstrual and mental health. The Foundation reasoned that this has become imperative if the girls would grow into adulthood with

confidence while embracing the future without inhibitions. It made this its focal point of engagement with girls in select schools. This year’s observance, with the theme: “The GIRL I am, the changes I lead: GIRLS on the frontline of crisis”, was an opportunity for the Foundation to reach out to students with information to promote the well-being of the girls. The health awareness campaign in conjunction with the Health Aid for All

Ayodeji Ake

Initiative (HAFAI), sought to educate 100 girls from each of the selected schools in Lagos, Abuja, Port Harcourt, Benin, Owerri and Kaduna.

The schools included: Community Secondary School, Port Harcourt; Methodist Government Junior High School, Agege, Lagos; LGEA Upper Basic School Kudansa, Maraban Rido, Kaduna; Oba Ewuare Grammar School, Oko Central, Benin City; Orogwe Secondary School, Owerri; and Junior Secondary School Dutse Sagwari, Abuja.

Launch of Luminous soLar, inverter

and Batteries...

L-R: Movie Producer & Actor/Simba Group Featured

Sharma; and Executive Director,

More Reactions Trail Nnaji’s Resignation Amid Alleged Certificate Forgery

SAN faults DSS under Bichi, slams senate CASER asks Enugu state to prosecute ex-minister Forensic experts want Nnaji charged, seek national credentials’ audit

emmanuel addeh in Abuja, Bennett oghifo and Wale igbintade in Lagos

Outrage yesterday continued to trail the failure of the Department of State Services (DSS) under its erstwhile boss, Yusuf Bichi and the seeming flop of the Senate to properly screen the certificates of former Minister of Innovation, Science and Technology, Uche Nnaji.Some individuals and organisations who reacted to the development raised serious concerns over the integrity of Nigeria’s vetting system, describ- ing it not just as an institutional failure, but a national shame.

A Senior Advocate of Nigeria (SAN), Abiodun Olatunji, described the lapse as an “in- stitutional failure” that not only undermines public trust but also poses serious national security risks, given the sensitive nature of ministerial appointments.

“How such blatant forgeries escaped the scrutiny of the DSS and the Senate during screening

underscore a worrisome compromise in institutional integrity. The security vetting process is supposed to be the first line of defence against unqualified or fraudulent individuals occupying critical public positions,” the senior lawyer argued.

In a statement, Olatunji said the failure of the security and legislative institutions to uncover the discrepancies during the ministerial vetting process reflects a deep erosion of public trust and“Theseaccountability. are agencies entrusted with the responsibility of safe- guarding the credibility of public appointments,” he said.

Olatunji recalled that Nnaji’s resignation followed serious allegations that he submitted forged academic certificates to the DSS and the Senate for ministerial clearance; falsely claimed to have completed the mandatory one-year National Youth Service Corps (NYSC) programme with a forged discharge certificate; and presented the same document during his earlier screening as the

governorship candidate of the All Progressives Congress (APC) in the 2023 Enugu governorship election.

“These are grave criminal allegations bordering on forgery, uttering, and false declaration—all punishable under the Criminal Code Act and the NYSC Act,” Olatunji said, stressing that the matter “cannot be swept under the carpet by mere resignation.”

He argued that the prompt acceptance of Nnaji’s resignation by the federal government, while administratively convenient, does not address the weighty criminal allegations.“Resignation alone cannot absolve an individual from criminal liability. If anything, it should be the beginning of accountability,” he said.

The senior lawyer warned that Nigeria cannot continue on a path where politically exposed persons escape justice through symbolic resignations.

“Such leniency trivialises accountability, erodes public

WHO Urges Countries to Improve Access to Quality Eye Care

onyebuchi ezigbo in Abuja

The World Health Organization (WHO) has spoken on need for countries in Africa to ensure stronger health system integration, increased invest- ment, and targeted strategies to improve access to quality eye care services. It said that such efforts should be aimed at also ensuring equitable and sustainable eyeIncare. its message on World Sight Day 2025, from the WHO Regional Director for Africa,

Dr. Mohamed Yakub Janabi, WHO said the current levels of service coverage showed the magnitude of unmet need.

According to the organization, effective coverage for cataract surgery in the Africa region stands at just 26 percent, mean- ing that only about one in four individuals requiring cataract surgery have undergone the procedure with a good visual outcome.

“Despite the various efforts undertaken to reduce vision loss and blindness, significant challenges persist across the

African Region.

“In 2021, only 32% of Member States had developed a national policy document specifically addressing vision loss and blindness. This limited policy coverage reflects a broader gap in prioritization and resource allocation for eye health.

“Similarly, effective refractive error coverage is estimated at 30% in the region, indicating that only one in three people who need vision correction with eyeglasses have been successfully treated to achieve good vision,” it said.

confidence, and emboldens others to act with impunity,” he added.

Olatunji also recalled the case of a former Finance Minister under President Muhammadu Buhari who resigned after a similar NYSC forgery scandal but was never prosecuted.

“The present case is even more egregious. Had Chief Nnaji won the Enugu governorship election, he would have been cloaked with constitutional immunity under Section 308 of the 1999 Constitution, and a person facing forgery allegations would have presided over the affairs of an entire state,” he noted.

He called on security agencies to launch a full-scale investiga- tion, and for the Attorney General of the Federation (AGF) to prosecute the matter if culpability is established. “Only such a decisive stance can serve as a deterrent to others and restore public confidence in the system. The Nigerian public has grown weary of token gestures. We must insist on justice, not selective morality,” Olatunji declared.

Also, the Citizens Advocacy for Social and Economic Rights (CASER) has called on Enugu State’s Attorney General and Commissioner for Justice to prosecute Nnaji, an indigene of the state.

Addressing journalists in Abuja on Thursday, Executive Director, CASER, Mr Frank Tietie, said the organisation had already written to the Attorney General of Enugu State to immediately begin the prosecution of Nnaji as federal agencies that should have prosecuted him appeared to be dragging their feet.

According to the lawyer and activist, the dereliction of duty on the part of federal agencies, especially when linked to high- profile personalities, undermines

public confidence in the nation’s justice system and erodes the foundational principle that no one is above the law.

He said: “It is precisely the perceived inaction and selective enforcement by these federal agencies for reasons that are politically obvious that has compelled CASER to formally request the Honourable Attorney General of Enugu State to ex- ercise his constitutional powers under Section 211 of the 1999 Constitution (as amended) to investigate and prosecute Chief Geoffrey Uche Nnaji for alleged acts amounting to forgery and related offences.

“Section 211 empowers a State Attorney General to institute and undertake criminal proceedings against any person in respect of offences created by law in that state.

“This request by CASER is not politically motivated — it is a principled call for justice, deterrence, and the restoration of institutional integrity. If the federal agencies will not act because of political convenience or political correctness, then a state authority that still believes in the sanctity of law must do so.”

In case the Enugu State At- torney General is unwilling to prosecute the case, CASER asked him to issue a fiat to private citizens to prosecute the matter.

Tietie exhibited a copy of the letter sent to the Enugu State Attorney General and which was dated October 6, 2025, delivered and duly acknowledged on October 7, 2025.

CASER maintained that “failure to prosecute politi- cally exposed persons sends a dangerous message that some individuals are above the law and this cannot continue if Nigeria is to strengthen democracy, uphold the Constitution, and

command international respect as a nation governed by laws, not by Meanwhile,persons.”the Governing Council of the Chartered Institute of Forensics and Certified Fraud Investigators of Nigeria (CIFC- FIN) has called on the relevant law enforcement agencies to immediately investigate and prosecute the former minister, following damning allegations of certificate forgery and his consequent resignation from office.

The Council, which is the highest organ of the Institute, said it was not enough for Nnaji to resign from office but should face the consequences of his actions.

“Pervasive culture of forgery in public office is a direct con- sequence of a failing system characterised by a lack of consequences, poor deterrent measures, and institutional compromise,” the Council added. It decried the lack of consequences and poor deterrent measures in which individuals can commit grave crimes without facing legal punishment as well as a bad culture of rewarding criminal behaviour where the system actively rewards similar alleged deception instead of severeCIFCFINpunishment. also lamented what it described as judicial and investigative compromise with the perception of a highly compromised system which in itself is a threat.

It also listed the indifference by critical institutions which shows the failure of transparent and accountable processes, rigged systems and compromised institutions, especially those responsible for background checks at all levels during confirmations.

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Personality, Ramsey Nouah; Group Managing Director, Simba Group, Vinay Grover; Executive Director, Simba Group, Sohan

Simba Group, Pradeep Balakrishnan, during the launch of Luminous Solar, Inverter and Batteries at Radisson Blu Ikeja GRA Lagos ... recently

BIG BROTHER NAIJA SEASON 10 PRIZE PRESENTATION...

L-R: Executive Head of Marketing, MultiChoice West Africa, Tope Oshunkeye; Executive Head of Content and Channels West Africa, Atinuike Babatunde; Winner Big Brother

Season 10, Opeyemi Ayanwale (Imisi) and Gold Sponsor, Guinness Nigeria Category Lead, Ife Odedere, during the prize presentation in Lagos on Tuesday

Tinubu Pardons Herbert Macaulay, Vatsa, Ogoni 9, Lawan, Five Others

Grants clemency to 82 inmates and reduced prison terms for 65 others

Deji Elumoye in Abuja

President Bola Tinubu has granted a posthumous pardon to former Nigerian nationalist and co-founder of National Council of Nigeria and the Cameroons (NCNC), Dr Herbert Macaulay, and former Minister of the Federal Capital Territory (FCT), Major General Mamman Vatsa.

Vatsa, also a poet, who was sentenced to death over a treason charge in 1986, was

among the 17 people who received presidential pardon following the endorsement of the National Council of State, which met in Abuja yesterday.

According to a statement issued yesterday evening by presidential spokesperson, Bayo Onanuga, Tinubu also granted a posthumous pardon to the Ogoni Nine: Ken Saro Wiwa, Saturday Dobee, Nordu Eawo, Daniel Gbooko, Paul Levera, Felix Nuate, Baribor Bera, Barinem Kiobel and John

Kpuine. They were sentenced to death in 1995 by the Sani Abacha military junta over what was generally believed to be trumped up murder charges, fol- lowing agitations for economic and environmental justice for their native Ogoni land.

Macaulay was co-founder of NCNC, along with Dr Nnamdi Azikiwe. Macaulay was the party’s first president, who played a pivotal role in Nigeria’s struggle for independence. However, in 1913, Macaulay

was believed unjustly convicted by the British colonialists and banned from public office. Macaulay died in 1946, but the stigma of being an ex-convict was not exorcised from his records until now.

Tinubu also pardoned four former convicts, including former House of Representatives member, Farouk Lawan; Mrs Anastasia Daniel Nwaobia; Barrister Hussaini Umar; and Ayinla Saadu Alanamu. They were pardoned to enable them

CDS: Military Court Martial Is Corrective, Not Merely Punitive

The Chief of Defence Staff (CDS), General Christopher Musa, has stated that military court martial is corrective, not merely punitive.

He also warned against undermining military discipline, explaining: “If we water down discipline in the military by treating it like any other organisation, the military will no longer be an effective force.”

The CDS further stated the strength of any armed force lies not only in its firepower, equipment, or numerical strength, but also in its discipline, professionalism, and adherence to the rule of law.

General Musa made this statement during the official presentation of a book titled Annotation of Cases on Court

Martial, co-authored by Major General Mahmood Umaru Wambai and Ali Ibrahim Omachi, Esq., at the Army Headquarters Command Officers’ Mess 1, Asokoro, Abuja.

Stressing that without law and discipline, there can be no military, General Musa noted that: “A military that lacks discipline and operates without law is nothing more than a ragtag group.”

He emphasised that the military must operate within the ambit of the law.

His words: “As military personnel, we must lead by example. Court martials are not meant to be punitive, but corrective. I appeal to the courts and the judges to understand that if we dilute military discipline by treating the military like any other organisation, it will cease to

be an effective force. Once that happens, the system will be compromised.

“In recent years, we’ve received verdicts that we find discouraging to the maintenance of military discipline.

“We plan to engage with the courts and judges to explore how we can improve the process and ensure it has the necessary impact.

“We’ve consistently lost cases on technical grounds, which affects the performance of our personnel in the field. Once they realise they can act with impunity, the armed forces lose their effectiveness. That’s why it is critical that this issue is properly understood.

“The military is governed by two sets of laws: military law and civil law. If we do not uphold these legal

frameworks, we risk lapses and compromises - something we must avoid.

to integrate into society, having demonstrated sufficient remorse.

Nweke Francis Chibueze, serving a life sentence for cocaine, was pardoned, along with Dr Nwogu Peters, who had served 12 out of his 17-year sentence for fraud.

The president awarded national honours to the Ogoni Four: Chief Albert Badey, Chief Edward Kobani, Chief Samuel Orage, and Theophilus Orage.

In exercising his constitutional power of mercy, Tinubu granted clemency to 82 inmates and reduced the prison terms of 65 others. He gave a reprieve to seven inmates on the death row by commuting their sentences to life Tinubuimprisonment. acted on the recommendations of the Presidential Advisory Committee on the Prerogative of Mercy (PACPM). The committee had 12 members, with Attorney General of the

Federation and Minister of Justice, Prince Lateef Fagbemi, as chairman. The other members were Chief Akinlolu Olujinmi, CON; Prof. Alkasum Abba; Prof. (Mrs.) Nike Y. Sidikat Ijaiya; Justice Augustine B. Utsaha; and Secretary, Dr Onwusoro Maduka, a former Permanent Secretary.

The institutional representa- tives on the committee were Permanent Secretary, Special Duties and Inter-Governmental Affairs; representatives of the Nigeria Police, Nigerian Cor- rectional Service, National Human Rights Commission, Nigerian Supreme Council for Islamic Affairs (NSCIA), and Christian Association of Nigeria (CAN).

The committee’s final report was presented to the Council of State on Thursday in Abuja, as required by the constitution.

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Lagos AG Reopens Lekki Land Case, Orders Fresh Probe into Alleged Forgery, Demolition

Wale Igbintade

A fresh twist has emerged in the ongoing Lekki land dispute, as the Lagos State Ministry of Justice has directed the police to conduct further investigations into allegations of forgery and willful property damage leveled against a real estate developer, Alex Ochonogor, and his lawyer, Ademola Owolabi.

The directive follows a second police report signed by Deputy Commissioner of Police Mohammed Dahiru,

which cleared Ochonogor and Owolabi of any wrongdoing.

In a letter dated August 22, 2025, and signed by the Direc- tor of Public Prosecutions, Adeshola Adekunle-Bello, the Ministry instructed the Force Criminal Investigation Department (FCID) Annex in Ikoyi to reopen the case, interrogate additional wit- nesses, and re-evaluate critical documents.

The letter was addressed to the Assistant Inspector-General of Police at FCID.

The Ministry specifically

identified Dr. Obidigwe Eze and Major Hamza AlMustapha as key witnesses whose testimonies should be revisited in light of new developments.

Ochonogor was arraigned last week before a Lagos State High Court sitting in Tafawa Balewa Square, alongside lawyers Ademola Owolabi and Adebayo Akeju, over alleged forgery of land documents and unlawful demolition of property in the Lekki area. The defendants pleaded not guilty and were granted bail.

Naija

PHOTO: SUNDAY ADIGUN

Linus Aleke in Abuja

KINGDOM LIFE WORLD CONFERENCE...

PDP: APC Coercing Our Members to Defect

No going back on Jonathan, declares group

Chuks Okocha in Abuja and Onuminya Innocent in Sokoto

The Peoples Democratic Party (PDP), has accused the All Progressives Congress (APC), of employing undemocratic means, including blackmail and dirty tricks to force its members, particularly serv- ing governors to joining the ruling party.

The PDP also said the President Bola Tinubu-led APC government was determined to decimate the opposition as part of its plan to foist a one-party state on theNationalcountry. Publicity Sec- retary of the PDP, Debo Ologunagba, who stated these while reacting to claims by a former aide to ex-President Muhammadu Buhari, Bashir Ahmad, that two PDP governors would in the next few days defect to the APC.

He stressed that most of the defections were not voluntary, but based on coercion,

harassment, inducement, and intimidation.

Ahmad had in a post on X on October 7, said the Governor of Taraba State and another governor from the North West would in a matter of days, formally defect to the APC.

But the spokesperson of the PDP, insisted that such forced defections would not last, adding that the PDP was bigger than individual members, saying as some people were leaving, others were also joining the party.

“A party is not about individuals but all the people. We have more and more diverse people working for the PDP today. More and more people are returning to the PDP because it’s getting itself

“Thetogether.defections you see today are instigated by inducement, harassment, coercion, intimidation, and I can assure that it won’t last,” he said.

Meanwhile, a PDP Northern Support Group has

reaffirmed its full backing for the party’s Acting National Chairman, Ambassador Iliya Umar Damagum, and declared unwavering sup- port for the return of former President Goodluck Jonathan as the party’s presidential candidate.

This position was con- tained in a communiqué issued at the end of the

group’s 8th Northern Sup- port Group Meeting held in Birnin Kebbi, Kebbi State, between Wednesday, 8th and Thursday, 9th October 2025.

The meeting, which brought together representa- tives and party leaders from all northern states, was convened to strengthen and reposition the PDP for victory in 2027.

According to the com- muniqué, jointly signed by Hon. Yusuf Abubakar, Northern Coordinator, and Hon. Adamu Ahmed Narayi, North-West Zonal Secretary, the group expressed confidence in Ambassador Damagum’s leadership and lauded his reconciliation efforts aimed at restoring unity, discipline, and cohesion

within the party. The group maintained that the PDP remained a viable platform capable of reclaiming power at both the national and state levels currently held by the All Progressives Congress (APC), provided members demonstrate unity and genuine commitment to party’s ideals.

Olawepo-Hashim Accuses APC of Reviving Old Allegations by Ex-Wife Against Him

Says it’s part of 2027 smear campaigns

Chuks Okocha in Abuja

A 2027 presidential hopeful, Dr. Gbenga Olawepo-Hashim, has accused elements within the ruling All Progressives Congress (APC) of sponsoring renewed allegations against him through his estranged wife, describing it as part of smear campaigns to discredit him ahead of the

Police Suspend Enforcement of Tinted Glass Permits, Insist Court Did Not Halt Implementation

As Police in C’River harass motorists, disobey court order on tinted glasses

The Nigeria Police Force has officially suspended the enforcement of vehicle tinted glass permits across the federation but also insisted the court did not halt implementation of the tinted glass permit regulations.

The Inspector-General of Police, Kayode Egbetokun, stated this while receiving in audience a delegation of the Nigerian Bar Association

(NBA), led by its President, Afam Josiah Osigwe, SAN, at the Force Headquarters, Abuja.Meanwhile, in Calabar, Cross River State, there are indications that Police are disobeying the subsisting order of the Federal High Court, Warri, Delta State, ordering them to maintain status quo and suspend the enforcement of vehicle tinted glassThepermit. court order was made in suit No.FHC/WR/

CS/103/2025, brought by a lawyer, John AikpokpoMartins, against the Inspec- tor General of Police (IGP) and the Nigeria Police Force. Despite the court order it was observed on Wednesday in Calabar, the Cross River State capital that the police had defied the court order as some of their personnel in uniform were harassing motorist, and impounding vehicles on the allegations that they had no tinted permit.

next general election.

In a statement, OlawepoHashim alleged that his ex-wife’s recent claims in the media were orchestrated by remnants of the same political handlers, whom he said, plotted to stop his 2019 presidential bid.

“She had been recruited by elements around Buhari in the UK High Commission and the Nigerian Intelligence Agency (NIA). Apart from other sinister things they did, they tried to frame me up for funding terrorism.

‘’I was questioned in the UK and released when no evidence was found. She was the one who gave the information to the UK authorities,” Olawepo Hashim stated.

The politician alleged that the same group seized two of his oil assets during the period, forcing him into a prolonged legal battle.

He recalled that in November 2020, the Federal High Court, Abuja, presided over by Justice Taiwo Taiwo, restored the Hely Creek and Abigborodo mar-

ginal oil fields to his company, Transnational Energy Limited (TEL), after ruling that the government’s revocation of the fields was illegal.

Olawepo-Hashim said the court also awarded $20 million in damages against the federal institutions involved.

He claimed that his ex-wife’s legal battle in the UK was part of that broader scheme, adding that she was “recruited by the then Deputy Director-General of the NIA, Air Force General Bello, who is her in-law.”

Abbas Seeks Drastic Measures Against Sexual Harassment, Child Labour, Others

Adedayo Akinwale in Abuja

Speaker of the House of Representatives, Hon. Abbas Tajudeen, has called for drastic measures against child labour, sexual harassment, gender inequality, and forced marriage negatively affecting the females. He, however, assured of legislative interventions that would make life easier, safer and better for them.

Abbas gave the assurances yesterday in Abuja when he hosted young female Nigerians in commemoration of the International Day of the Girl Child, tagged: ‘Girls’ Chat with the Speaker.’

The Office of the Speaker organised the session in partnership with the House Committee on Women Affairs and Social Development.

October 11 is designated for

the International Day of the Girl Child, the theme for the 2025 edition was: ‘The girl I am, the change I lead: Girls on the frontlines of crisis.’ Abbas, in a statement by his Chief Press Secretary, Leke Baiyewu, said while child marriage was on a downward trend due to public enlightenment and advocacy, cases of child labour were still on the rise.

L-R: Digital Media Officer, The Redeemed Evangelical Mission, Headquarters, Chinonso Asugha; Coordinator, Rev. Ugochukwu Ezeagwula; Digital Media Officer, Olamide Ademoye; and a member of the Digital Media, Rev. Adesoji Akeju, during a press conference on the 2025 Kingdom Life World Conference in Lagos on Tuesday PHOTO: SUNDAY ADIGUN

Linus Aleke in Abuja and Bassey Inyang in Calabar

SAVE THE CHILDREN...

Etsu Nupe, Alhaji Yahaya Abubakar, in symbolic vaccination of a child against measles and rubella diseases… recently

Ekiti Guber: APC NWC Disqualifies Ojo, Olawumi Ahead of October 27 Primaries

Dissolves Enugu executive committee

Adedayo Akinwale in Abuja

The National Working Committee (NWC) of the All Progressives Congress (APC), has disqualified two of the leading governorship aspirants in Ekiti State, Mr. Kayode Ojo, and Mrs. Abimbola Olawumi ahead of the October 27 primary elections.

Also, the NWC has dissolved the Enugu State Working Com-

mittee of the party ahead of the planned defection of Governor Peter Mbah.

The Deputy National Publicity Secretary, Hon. Duro Meseko, while addressing journalists after the NWC meeting held at the party’s national secretariat in Abuja, yesterday, said the party after reviewing the Ekiti governorship screening report, cleared the incumbent governor, Biodun

Oyebanji, and Mrs. Oluremi Omolayo to contest the party’s primary.

However, two other aspirants, Ojo and Mrs. Abimbola Olawumi, were disqualified for failing to meet the party’s constitutional and Electoral Act requirements

Meseko stated: “The disqualification of the two aspirants was predicated on the fact that their filings did not

nIgerIA mournS AS ‘PArAgon oF InTegrITY’, cHrISToPHer kolADe, DIeS AT 92

Besides, renowned Nigerian diplomat and elder statesman, Chief Emeka Anyaoku, described Kolade as a star leader, recalling his many contributions to the Nigerian society, “I have just learned of the passing of Dr Christpher Kolade. Alas the country has lost an Iroko in its limited forest of public servants with impeccable integrity and ethical leaders in its corporate “Christopherworld.Kolade was a star leader in our country’s broadcasting service, a real guru in the private sector where among his other notable accomplishments he guided as the Chief Executive Officer and later as Chairman the operations of such a great company as Cadbury Nigeria Plc. Among his remarkably enduring legacies was his tenure as Nigeria’s High Commissioner to the United Kingdom.“Christopher and I often bantered about the three weeks between his and my birthday, thereby entitling him to claim the privileges applicable to age seniority in our age-conscious society. I pray that the Almighty

will grant Beatrice and the rest of his family the courage to bear the loss. And may his soul rest in perfect peace,” Anyaoku stated.

Among several engagements when he was alive, in academia, Kolade lectured at several institutions, including Lagos Business School and Covenant University, mentoring generations of young leaders.

Known as “Mr. Integrity,” Kolade was deeply involved in public service, chairing vari- ous national committees and promoting good governance and accountability. His passing marks the loss of one of Nigeria’s most principled and respected elder statesmen.

Meanwhile, former Edo state Governor, Godwin Obaseki, has expressed profound sadness over the news of the passing of Kolade, describing him as a distinguished elder statesman, ace broadcaster, corporate titan, diplomat, and educator.

Besides, the former governor said the late nonagenarian’s life was a luminous testament of integrity, discipline, and service, stressing that his departure leaves an indelible void in our

nation’s moral and intellectual fabric.

“Dr. Kolade was not merely a global icon; he was a mentor, a guide, and a moral compass. I had the rare privilege of enjoying a close relationship with him, and his humility, grace, and class were a constant source of inspiration to me.

“From pioneering Nigeria’s broadcast landscape, to lead- ing Cadbury Nigeria Plc with excellence, and representing our country with distinction as High Commissioner to the United Kingdom, his life was consistently marked by sagacity, ethical rigor, and an unwavering devotion to public good.

“Despite his towering achieve- ments, Dr. Kolade remained approachable, compassionate, and deeply committed to nur- turing the next generation of leaders. His work in education, particularly at the Lagos Business School and the Pan-Atlantic University, transformed minds and instilled enduring values of integrity and service that will continue to shape our society for generations.

conform with the provisions of the APC constitution and the Electoral Act.

“The NWC deliberated extensively on the screening report and reached this decision

in the interest of due process and fairness.”

Meanwhile, the NWC also announced the dissolution of the Enugu State Working Committee.

The ruling party claimed that the decision to dissolve the state exco was due to “persistent factionalisation” and “internal disunity” that had crippled the party’s operations in the state.

ADC to Tinubu: Stop Peddling Deceptive Statistics

Chuks Okocha in Abuja

The African Democratic Congress (ADC), has said the October 2025 World Bank report on Nigeria’s economy, which revealed that 139 million Nigerians were living below poverty line reflected the true state of the nation’s economy.

In a statement by its National Publicity Secretary, Mallam Bolaji Abdullahi, the party accused the President Bola Tinubu-led All Progressives Congress (APC) government

attempted to prevent them from gaining access to the apartment.According to the report, Sani Sirajo also confessed to have tried to hold Somtochukwu Christella Maduagwu from falling off the three-storey building, but was overwhelmed by her weight.

Shamsudeen, the police said, further confessed that he drove the white Honda CR-V jeep out of the apartment after the operation, even as the four suspects admitted that they each received N200,000 from the proceeds of the crime.

of peddling deceptive statistics to create a false impression of economic progress.

The ADC described the new poverty figure as a 61 per cent increase from the 81 million recorded in 2019, saying it was clear evidence that the economic policies of the Tinubu administration had plunged more Nigerians into hardship despite government propaganda suggesting otherwise.

According to the statement, the World Bank report exposed “the wide gap between

Recovered exhibits include:

One (1) fabricated ak-47 rifle; 36 rounds of 9mm live ammunition; one locally made pistol; one pump-action gun; two live cartridges; four mobile phones of the victims; two sharp knives; one cutlass and nine torchlights used during the operation.

Besides, in continuation of investigations, the police said on 08/10/2025, acting on a tip-off and actionable digital intelligence also provided by them, the remaining members of the gang, Musa Umar, a.k.a. Hassan Isah and other accomplices involved in the Gishiri robbery were

the government’s rhetoric of economic progress and the daily realities faced by millions of Nigerians.

“While the APC administration celebrates increased revenue and boasts of meeting fiscal targets, more citizens are slipping into abject poverty at a rate never seen before in Nigeria,” the statement read. The ADC further accused the government of masking its domestic economic failures with “creative statistics” that painted a misleading picture of success.

intercepted while en route to an already planned armed robbery operation scheduled to hold at Maitama in the early hours of the“Allmorning.suspects have confessed to the crimes, investigation is ongoing, and further develop- ments will be communicated.

Pictures of the suspects are redacted till the remaining fleeing members of yesterday’s operation are arrested.

“Attached are recovered exhibits and video of recovery of one of the AK47 rifles at Zuma Rock,” the report seen by THISDAY stated.

Secur ITY Force S Arre ST Arme D r obber S Involve D I n De ATH

SENATE COMMITTEE SCREENS LOUIS ODION...

R-L: Senator Adams Oshiomhole, Senator Jimoh Ibrahim and Mr. Louis Odion at the National Assembly, Abuja after Odion’s screening as Executive Commissioner (Operations) of Federal Competition and Consumer Protection Commission (FCCPC) by the Senate Committee on Industry and Trade … yesterday

T I nubu nA me S Amup ITA n AS n ew I

The professor is the author of many books on law, such as Corporate Governance: Models and Principles (2008); Documentary Evidence in Nigeria (2008); Evidence Law: Theory and Practice in Nigeria (2013); Principles of Company Law (2013); and an Introduction to the Law of Trust in Nigeria (2014).

He is married and has four children.

However, African Democratic Congress (ADC) was circumspect about Amupitan’s appointment, and resolved to give him the benefit of the doubt as to whether he would perform or not.

ADC said in a brief statement by its National Publicity Secretary, Malam Bolaji Abdullahi, “We are cautious. But we expect the new INEC chairman to have a personal ambition to do better and restore the confidence of Nigerians and the world in Nigerian election.

“He must understand that his loyalty is with the Nigerian people, not the government. We are willing to give him the benefit of doubts based on his track record.

“But now he has the oppor- tunity to make a good name for himself that his children would proud of, or to soil his record and end up with ignominy.

“He should bear in mind also that his tenure will ordinarily last beyond one electoral cycle. He should therefore look beyond the interest of those who have appointed him.”

But the government and people of Kogi State expressed profound appreciation to Tinubu for appointing Amupitan the new chairman of INEC.

Their message was contained in separate statements by the Commissioner for Information and Communications and the media assistant to Senator Karim, Busayo Tosin.

The information commissioner, Kingsley Fanwo, stated, “This appointment is a strong validation of President Tinubu’s commitment to excellence, merit, and national inclusiveness in the leadership of our democratic institutions.

“Prof. Amupitan’s illustrious career as a renowned legal

scholar, Senior Advocate of Nigeria, and respected adminis- trator stands as a testament to his capacity for impartiality, integrity, and intellectual depth, qualities that are vital to the advancement of our electoral system.

“On behalf of the Government and the good people of Kogi State, we assure Mr. President and the entire nation that Prof. Amupitan will uphold the confidence reposed in him and continue to bring honour to the state and to Nigeria through his dedication to credible and transparent elections.

“We heartily congratulate Prof. Joash Ojo Amupitan, SAN, on this well-deserved national assignment and pray for divine wisdom, strength, and success as he assumes this critical responsibility.”

The senator representing Kogi West Senatorial District, Steve Karimi, also commended Tinubu for the Accordingappointment. to him, Tinubu chose one of Nigeria’s finest scholars, most rigorous legal inquisitors, experienced ad- ministrators and non-partisan patriots.

“I feel personally gratified that Mr President has looked in the direction of my senatorial district for the appointment of an intellectual of astounding repute, a man of distinction and integrity for the choice of a helmsman for the nation’s electoral ombudsman,” he said.

Plateau State Governor, Caleb Mutfwang, congratulated Amupitan on his nomination.

Mutfwang described Amu- pitan as a towering figure, a patriotic Nigerian, a strategic thinker, and a detribalised leader whose immense contributions had continued to shape the course of good governance and democratic advancement across the Mutfwangcountry.stated, “Through his pen and podium Amupitan has continued to educate genera- tions, shape public policy, and enrich the nation’s intellectual landscape.”

He expressed appreciation to Tinubu for finding him worthy of the national assignment and for recognising the North-central geopolitical zone with the important appointment.

The governor assured the president that with divine guidance and the wealth of experience that the new INEC chairman brought to the table, he would deliver on the mandate entrusted to him with integrity and excellence.

Mutfwang stated that Amupitan, an alumnus of the University of Jos and currently the Deputy Vice Chancellor (Administration) of the university, was a distinguished academic, a repository of knowledge, and a moral compass in Nigeria’s public discourse.

He added that the professor’s enduring commitment to scholar- ship, democracy, and the rule of law had left an indelible mark on Nigeria’s political evolution.

While appealing to the senate to ensure his confirmation so that the country could benefit from his wealth of experience and expertise, the governor observed that through his scholarly works, public lectures, and engagements, the new INEC chairman had consistently demonstrated a steadfast belief in the principles of unity, inclusion, and accountable leadership.Managing Director of THIS- DAY Newspapers, Mr. Eniola Bello, described Amupitan as an incorruptible academic, an astute administrator, and a patriot whose appointment could mark a turning point for Nigeria’s electoral system.

Speaking during an interview on ARISE News, Bello hailed the nomination as a step in the right direction, stating that Amupitan’s character, intellect, and leadership experience align with the credibility and competence the electoral umpire needs at this critical juncture in Nigeria’s democracy.

Bello, who had known Amupitan for decades, offered a detailed portrait of the scholar’s professional and personal attributes.

He said, “I know Professor Amupitan very well. We grew up in the same environment, so I’ve watched his journey closely. He is, first and foremost, a legal scholar of the highest calibre, one of the finest produced by the University of Jos and the Nigerian Law School. He gradu- ated top of his class, returned

to the university as an assistant lecturer, earned his master’s and PhD, and has since risen through the ranks to become one of Nigeria’s most respected academics.”

Highlighting his administrative experience, Bello stated that Amupitan’s career had been defined by excellence in both academics and leadership.

He stated, “In terms of leadership, he has been Head of Department, Dean of Faculty, Chairman of the Committee of Deans, and Deputy Vice- Chancellor (Administration). He has also served on the Council of Legal Education and the Institute of Advanced Legal Studies.”

Bello added, “These are not honourary roles, they speak to the depth of his experience, his integrity, and his ability to manage complex institutions.”

According to him, Amupitan’s expertise in corporate governance and law of evidence makes him uniquely suited to lead INEC at a time when electoral credibility is under public scrutiny.

The THISDAY managing director said, “He is an authority on corporate governance, which is essential for an institution like INEC.

“For elections to be credible, we must have sound governance processes. He is also an authority on the law of evidence, which is critical in resolving electoral disputes. His knowledge in these areas will certainly help strengthen INEC’s institutional processes and restore public confidence in the commission.”

Beyond his professional ac- complishments, Bello described Amupitan as a man of humility andHeintegrity. said, “This is a man who has been in academia all his life, a man who is content, easy-going, and principled in a country where noise is often mistaken for achievement, Amupitan stands out as someone who allows his work to speak for him.

“Despite his enormous contributions to legal scholar- ship, he is not one to seek the limelight. That, to me, reflects deep character and discipline.”

Bello maintained, “I believe the president made the right decision. Amupitan is competent, hardworking, and receptive to

ideas.

“He believes in collective leadership and respects institutional processes. Unlike some who chase appointments for self-interest, he has never been one to lobby or politicize his achievements. His appointment is purely on merit.”

The THISDAY MD further stated that Amupitan’s academic grounding and administrative discipline would bring much- needed structure and vision to the commission.

He said, “I expect that under his leadership, INEC will prioritise systems over personalities, competence over politics, and transparency over convenience. He is the kind of person who believes in process and accountability, the values that should define any electoral body.”

A retired Director of the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC), Mr. Ayo Olowonihi, who also grew up with Amupitan, described the nominee as “a man of courage, integrity, and conviction”.

Olowonihi stated, “He is a dedicated fellow. What Nigerians can expect from Professor Amupitan is an electoral process where citizens are allowed to truly elect their leaders. His legacy will be defined by transparency and fairness. He is not the kind of chairman who will tell people to ‘go to court’ — he is the kind who will ensure that due process is followed and that justice is served within the commission’s ownOlowonihi,procedures.” while stressing the importance of moral courage in leading an institution like INEC, said, “He is a man of great courage and principle. Professor Amupitan never shies away from taking tough decisions, no matter whose ox is gored. That is what the INEC job requires, someone who can stand for what is right even under pressure. He is not easily swayed, and that’s why we have confidence that he will take the commission to a higher level of integrity and credibility.”Olowonihi, like Bello, agreed that Tinubu’s choice of Amupitan reflected an understanding of

the kind of leadership Nigeria needed to strengthen its demo- cratic institutions.

He said, “The INEC job is one of the toughest in the country, but the tougher it gets, the harder he will work.

“I have no doubt that Amupitan will take INEC a notch higher. His appointment gives Nigerians hope that the commission can become truly independent, transparent, and credible.”

Similarly, the Obidient Movement, extended its warm felicitations to Amupitan. In a statement by Director of Strategic Communications and Media, Nana Kazaure, and National Coordinator, Yunusa Tanko, the Obidient Movement said as they reflected on the experiences of the past INEC chief, they were hopeful Amupitan’s tenure would mark a significant milestone in the electoral history of Nigeria. They looked forward to seeing a new electoral act that would enhance the credibility, freedom and fairness in the conduct of elections.

The group stated, “As we reflect on the experiences of past INEC chairmen, we are hopeful that your tenure will mark a significant milestone in the electoral history of Nigeria.

“We look forward to seeing a new electoral act that will enhance the credibility, freedom, and fairness of our elections, particularly as we approach the 2027 general election.

“We wish you a successful tenure and pray for God’s guidance and protection as you navigate the challenges of this critical office.

“Congratulations once again, and we look forward to a new era of electoral excellence under yourNorthernleadership.” Ethnic Nationalities Forum said Amupitan’s appoint- ment would inspire confidence among Nigerians and also serve as a catalyst for more credible elections. Its Chairman, Dr. Dominic Alancha, in a statement, said the well-deserved appointment was a significant step toward strengthening Nigeria’s democratic institutions and restoring public confidence in the electoral process.

FOURsQUaRE GOsPEL CHURCH’s PLaNTiNUM aNNiVERsaRy...

L-R: Wife of General Overseer, Foursquare Gospel Church in Nigeria (FGCN), Rev (Mrs) Olabisi Aboyeji; General Overseer, FGCN, Rev (Dr) Sam Aboyeji; Founder and Senior Pastor, Living Faith Church Worldwide, Bishop David Oyedepo; International President of Foursquare Gospel Church, Rev Randy Remington, and his wife, Pastor (Mrs) Sandy Remington, during the platinum anniversary ceremony of Foursquare Gospel Church, Ajebo, Ogun State…recently

Academic Activities Grounded at University of Cross River as SSANU, NASU Protest

Bassey inyang in calabar

The Senior Staff Association of Nigerian Universities (SSANU), and the NonAcademic Staff Union of Educational and Associated Institutions

(NASU), University of Cross River (UNICROSS branch), yesterday staged a peaceful street protest within the university campus in solidarity with their colleagues in federal universities, and allied tertiary institutions.

During the protest in Calabar, members of both unions, urged the federal government to fulfill their own side of the 2009 agreement with the federal university workers

Brass & Castles Delivers Completed Project to Subscribers

Leading real estate firm, Brass & Castle Homes has handed over 16 units of flats to individual Nigerians as part of its contribution to reducing housing deficits in Lagos and Nigeria as a whole.

The units were the fourth in the last three years in the series of affordable homes to be delivered by the company to Nigerians.

At a ceremony held in Ilasan, Ikate, Lekki to hand over keys to the flats to individual, the Managing Director, Brass & Castles Homes, Peacemaker Afolabi, lamented the shortage of housing in the country noting that about 28 million Nigerians are suffering from not having a roof over their head.

Afolabi added that the flats, which were purchased by individuals based on down payment of a token and subsequent installment payment policy, will reduce housing deficit in Lagos.

He further said a total of 52 units had been delivered in the last three years adding that there is ongoing construction of another 18 units which will allow more Lagosians to have access to affordable homes.

concerning their welfare, and benefits.

The protest led to the temporary disruption of academic, and other official activities on campus.

Speaking to journalists

‘Remote

sunday Ehigiator

at the UNICROSS Main Campus Calabar, NASU Chairman, Comrade Atim Amah, in company with SSANU Secretary, Comrade Sunny lnaku, said the unions were protesting in solidarity

with their members working at tertiary institutions.

They said the federal government should implement, and honour the agreement both parties entered into so the economic

burden of the affected university staff can reduce. The union leaders said they were protesting in solidarity with their members as directed by their respective national secretariats.

Gaming Licence Could Wipe Out 200,000

Stakeholders in Nigeria’s thriving gaming industry have raised objections to the proposed Central Gaming Bill currently before the Senate, warning that its passage could wipe out over 200,000 jobs, cripple indigenous operators,

and hand control of the country’s gaming economy to foreign interests.

The bill, which had earlier passed the House of Representatives, seeks to centralise gaming regulation under the federal government and introduce a Remote Gaming Licence that would allow offshore

companies to offer online gaming services nationwide.

In a statement signed by the Media Relations Officer, Gaming, Adetola Ladejobi, industry experts, state regulators, and economic analysts condemned the move as unconstitutional and economically disastrous.

Jobs’

They insisted that the bill, if passed, would not only violate the Supreme Court’s November 2024 judgment affirming that gaming regulation lies within the jurisdiction of state governments, but also devastate one of Nigeria’s fastest-growing non-oil sectors.

ATCO Homes Petitions EFCC over Irregular Ibeju-Lekki Land Deal

sunday Okobi

Lagos ATCO Homes, a Lagos-based real estate development company, has petitioned the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) over alleged irregularities and fraudulent activities in a land transaction involving

the Daramola family, acting on behalf of Bolorunpelu Onigbedu Village of IbejuLekki, Lagos State.

According to the petition made available to the media yesterday by ATCO Homes’ Group Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer, Mr. Bartholomew Egbochie, ATCO Homes stated

that it legally acquired its estate land in 2020 from the Daramola family of Bolorunpelu Onigbedu Village Excision situated within the 35.73 hectares covered by a Certificate of Occupancy (C of O) dated April 24, 2015, registered as No. 78 at page 78 in Volume 2015H of the Register of

Deeds at the Lagos State Lands Registry, Ikeja. “However, years after the valid transaction, the same family allegedly applied to the Lagos State Government to adjust the boundary of the titled land without the company’s consent or participation,” he stated.

VFD Group Launches N50.67bn Rights Issue to Strengthen Capital

Oluchi Chibuzor

VFD Group Plc has officially launched its N50.67 billion rights issue, marking a major milestone in its strategic growth plan to strengthen its capital base, expand internationally, and deepen investments across key economic sectors.

The formal signing ceremony, held in Lagos, brought together the company’s board, shareholders, and financial advisors to commemorate what executives described as a defining moment in VFD’s growth journey.

Speaking at the event, the Chairman of VFD

Group Plc, Olatunde Busari noted that the rights issue—comprising 5,067,396,400 ordinary shares of 50 kobo each offered at N10 per share on the basis of two new shares for every three existing shares—represents more than a financial transaction.

He explained that

proceeds from the offer, estimated at N49.55 billion net of costs, will be deployed to strengthen the company’s balance sheet, fund its geographical expansion into the United Kingdom and Southern Africa, and boost investments in key subsidiaries.

Osun LGs’ Withheld Funds Case Suffers another Adjournment

Kemi Olaitan in Ibadan

An Oyo State High Court sitting in Ibadan presided over by Justice Ladiran Akintola, yesterday extended its earlier order restraining the United Bank for Africa

(UBA) Plc from paying, releasing, or tampering with funds belonging to the 30 local government areas of Osun State.

The order will remain in force until today (Friday), October 10, when the matter is

scheduled for further hearing.

Justice Akintola said the extension became necessary to ensure that all parties in the case were granted the right to fair hearing in line with Section 36 of the 1999 Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria (as amended).

“The case is adjourned till Friday, October 10, 2025, for further hearing, while the interim injunction shall continue to subsist,” he ruled.

digital currencies such as China’s e-CNY, Nigeria’s eNaira, and Brazil’s DREX.

• Cross-border collaboration: Participating in projects like Project Dunbar (Singapore, Malaysia, South Africa, and Australia) and Project Icebreaker (Nordic region) to test international CBDC interoperability.

• Liquidity management: Using tokenized reserves to support regional platforms such as PAPSS during periods of foreign-exchange shortages.

In essence, central banks are re-engineering monetary policy for the digital age—balancing innovation with sovereignty and systemic stability.

The Promise of Stablecoins for Africa

Stablecoins are not merely digital cash—they are emerging as infrastructure for the global financial system.

In the UAE, Project Aber demonstrated cross-border settlements using shared digital currencies. Japan and Hong Kong have approved stablecoin issuers for corporate use. In Kenya and Ghana, fintech startups are building blockchain-based regional payment solutions.

For Africa’s AfCFTA vision, stablecoins could serve as bridging assets, reducing transaction costs and currency conversion risks while facilitating intra-African trade.

Complementing PAPSS and AfCFTA

The Pan-African Payment and Settlement System (PAPSS)—a flagship AfCFTA initiative led by Afreximbank—already enables real-time

l e ADI ng I n A S T or M

Nearly 40 per cent of electricity is lost to technical faults, poor billing, and theft, costing the system over N200 billion in just three months. Only 47 per cent of registered customers are metered. Transmission losses stand at approximately nine per cent. This means that, regardless of how much we generate, almost half is lost before it reaches homes or factories. Every manufacturing plant, every hospital, every small shop that must buy fuel for a generator pays the hidden cost of our collective dysfunction.

Our logistics backbone tells a similar story. Rail transport, the cheaper and safer alternative, is making a comeback after decades of neglect. Passenger numbers grew by 45 per cent in 2024, freight volume doubled to approximately 144,000 tons; yet, that is still a fraction of what we need. The roads, clogged with trucks, pay the price through accidents, delays, and higher costs. Every bag of rice or cement that moves across Nigeria carries a silent tax called inefficiency.

On the macroeconomic front, there are signs of progress that deserve recognition. According to the World Bank’s latest Nigeria Development Update, the economy grew by 3.9% in the first half of 2025. Foreign reserves rose above $42 billion, and the current account showed a surplus equivalent to 6.1% of GDP. The debt-to-GDP ratio has finally begun to edge down. The removal of fuel subsidies and the unification of the exchange rate have corrected structural distortions that long distorted public finances. But the same report reminds us of the deeper issue—139 million Nigerians now live in poverty. The average food basket costs five times what it did in 2019. For millions, every reform feels like a fresh round of sacrifice without reward. Growth on spreadsheets is meaningless if it doesn’t feed families or create jobs that pay a livingInflation,wage.while easing from its 2024 peak, still bites hard. Headline inflation hovers around 20 per cent, and food inflation is higher still. The Central Bank recently cut the policy rate by half a percentage point to 27 per cent—a symbolic nod to optimism—but prices in markets have yet to respond. The labour market paints a troubling picture of its own. Unemployment appears to be lower after a statistical revision, but informality reveals the truth: 93 per cent of Nigerians work outside the formal system. It is an economy of survivalists—graduates driving tricycles, engineers running point-of-sale kiosks, teachers selling snacks online. People are busy, but not necessarily making progress. Education, meant to be the ladder out of

payments across African borders in local currencies. However, its long-term scalability depends on liquidity, interoperability, and trust.

Stablecoins can strengthen PAPSS by:

• Providing digital liquidity for cross-border settlements;

• Enhancing interoperability between national systems and digital wallets;

• Offering transparent and auditable reserve mechanisms; and

• Powering programmable finance, automating

escrow, tax, and trade settlements. Together, PAPSS and stablecoins can form the backbone of a digitally unified African financial architecture.

The Downsides and Risks

Despite their promise, stablecoins carry notable risks:

• Reserve opacity: Some issuers have failed to prove full backing, as seen in the collapse of TerraUSD in 2022.

• Operational fragility: Private issuers face hacking and liquidity risks.

• Regulatory gaps: Inconsistent frameworks across jurisdictions could enable misuse.

• Systemic contagion: A major stablecoin failure could disrupt global financial markets.

• Policy leakage: Widespread adoption of dollar-backed stablecoins could weaken local monetary sovereignty in emerging markets. These vulnerabilities underscore the need for robust regulation, transparency, and coordination with central banks.

Regulation Will Shape the Future

Governments and regulators are responding. The European Union’s MiCA framework sets a global benchmark for reserve transparency and investor protection. The U.S. Stablecoin Transparency Act aims to ensure federal oversight. Singapore, South Africa, and Mauritius are establishing regulatory blueprints that balance innovation with prudential control. Ultimately, regulated innovation—anchored

poverty, has become another source of division. Over 10 million children remain out of school.

Among those in classrooms, most cannot read a simple passage by age ten. The World Bank estimates that three out of every four Nigerian children suffer “learning poverty.” In a world where knowledge is the new oil, this is a na- tional emergency. Without urgent fixes, the next generation will inherit not only debt and poor infrastructure but also the inability to compete. It is tempting to succumb to despair, but leadership means facing the facts, not fleeing from them. There are examples to learn from. Countries like Singapore and Rwanda did not attend endless economic summits; they built systems that punished corruption, rewarded competence, and publicly measured results. Their secret was not foreign aid or magic; it was integrity and discipline. Nigeria does not lack ideas—it lacks a culture of follow-through. We have had thirty-one summits, yet power supply remains erratic, railways underperform, food insecurity grows, and poverty deepens. It is time to replace conferences with scorecards, speeches with measurable outcomes.

What would storm-time leadership look like now? First, sensemaking: face facts fast, put the stubborn problems on one page, and name trade-offs without euphemism. Second, choose five must-win battles for the next 18

by central bank supervision—will determine which stablecoins endure.

The

Road Ahead

Stablecoins will not replace fiat; they will extend and complement it. From the dollar and euro to the naira and dirham, national currencies are being reimagined in tokenized form. For Africa, alignment between PAPSS, AfCFTA, and central-bank-supervised stablecoins can unlock new frontiers of inclusion, trade, and monetary resilience.

The future of money will be multi-layered—fiat as the foundation of trust, stablecoins as the engine of efficiency, and central banks as the guardians of credibility and interoperability.

Conclusion

Stablecoins represent one of the most significant monetary innovations of the 21st century. Their value lies not in speculation but in their capacity to solve real-world frictions—speed, cost, and access.

As central banks from China to Nigeria, the U.S. to Kenya, and Singapore to the UAE embrace digital frameworks, the global economy is edging toward a digital, interoperable, and inclusive future—one where fiat, stablecoins, and PAPSS together drive Africa’s next chapter of growth and global integration.

•Dr. Ebenezer Onyeagwu (immediate past CEO of Zenith Bank Plc) is a financial strategist, thought leader, and advocate for innovationdriven growth in Africa’s financial ecosystem.

ers—will have a greater impact on earnings than any single grant programme. Regional equity necessitates tailored packages for the North’s poverty concentration and the South’s urban precarity; a one-size-fits-all approach is a polite way to overlook the diverse needs of different groups. If this sounds technocratic, it is because the counterfactual—relying on mood and momentum—has already been tested. The World Bank’s message this week is not that Nigeria lacks progress; it is that progress must pay people before it loses political air. Reform windows close. Currency and fuel reforms have provided us with macroeconomic breathing room; however, food inflation and poverty threaten to exhaust this breathing room. The economy is growing again, but households buy food, not GDP.

months—power reliability, rails and freight, food security, jobs and skills, and anti-corruption—and tie them to time-bound, public KPIs. In power, lift the average generation from 4.8 gigawatts to at least six. Cut system losses from forty to thirty per cent, raise metering to sixty per cent, and hold Discos accountable for performance. In transport, double freight capacity, open up two freight spines linking ports with agricultural belts, and reduce Lagos port dwell time by 10 perIncent.agriculture, focus on six value chains—rice, maise, cassava, poultry, tomatoes, and aquaculture—targeting a 10 to 20 per cent increase in yield and reducing post-harvest losses by at least five points. On jobs, aim to place 250,000 apprentices in industry-linked training with proof of retention after one year. Focus on sectors with near-term absorption capacity, such as construction, manufacturing, Healthcare, and digital services. Tie government payments to verifiable outcomes. To combat corruption, move most government procurement online, publish all contract awards exceeding a defined threshold, and track leakages, such as revenue losses.

None of this will stick without rebuilding the engines of social mobility. A narrow, targeted education reset—focused on foundational literacy and numeracy, teacher quality, and a dual TVET track developed in collaboration with employ-

There is also room for smart cushioning. Reforms come with pain, and people need evidence that the pain leads somewhere. Tariff lifelines must protect the poorest consumers, cash transfers must actually reach households, and supply-side fixes—such as improving logistics and expanding local food processing—must lower prices. Otherwise, public patience will expire long before reforms yield fruit.

The data tell a story of a country still fighting to find its rhythm. GDP is growing, but poverty is expanding. Power generation increases modestly, but so do losses. Freight tonnage doubles, but it is still negligible. Inflation slows, but prices continue to rise. School enrolment grows, but learning stagnates. Nigeria is not short of sum- mits; it is short of sincerity. Not short of ideas, but of integrity. Not short of resources, but of responsibility.

Leading in a storm is not about delivering fine speeches or perfect plans—it is about making measurable progress, month after month, until citizens begin to feel the tangible change. It is about fixing power lines that stay on, railways that move goods cheaply, farms that produce affordable food, and schools that truly educate. The storm will not pass because we gathered to talk about it. It will pass because we built through it. And when that happens—when food prices fall, the lights stay on, and work begins to pay again—Nigerians will start to believe in leadership once more, not because we told them to, but because they can see the results with their own eyes. This article is inspired by the author’s book, “Leading in a Storm”, to be presented publicly in Abuja on October 14th and in Lagos on October 16th.

President Tinubu

Cardoso

inAUGURATion CEREmonY oF CoURSE 34 AT nATionAL DEFEnCE CoLLEGE...

L-R: Guest Lecturer/Chief executive officer, Bank of Industry, Dr. Olasupo Olusi; Commandant, National Defence College (NDC), Rear Admiral James Ohimia Okosun; Minister of Defence/Special Guest, Mohammed Badaru Abubakar and Representative of Chief of Defence Staff, Rear Admiral

gu EST COL um NIST

Stablecoins and the Future of Money: Convergence, Not Competition

At the recent Africa-Canadian Fintech Forum, one message rang clear: the future of money will not be defined by competition, but by collaboration and convergence. Stablecoins, fiat currencies, and payment systems like PAPSS (Pan-African Payment and Settlement System) are not rivals—they are complementary instruments shaping a new, inclusive, and efficient global financial order.

A Quiet Revolution in Global Finance

Across the world—from Lagos to London, Toronto to Singapore, and Dubai to Nairobi—finance is being redefined. The rise of stablecoins, blockchain-based tokens pegged to fiat currencies such as the U.S. dollar, marks a fundamental shift in how value is stored and transferred. Initially viewed as speculative crypto assets, stablecoins have evolved into serious tools for cross-border trade, remittances, and financial

inclusion. Their appeal lies in three features: instant settlement, borderless accessibility, and

programmable automation.

In the United States, stablecoins like USDC (Circle) and PayPal USD are now used by major institutions. In Singapore, the Monetary Authority (MAS) has licensed fully backed issuers. In Nigeria and Kenya, small businesses are embracing USDT (Tether) as a hedge against currency volatility. These developments illustrate how stablecoins are bridging the gap between traditional finance and the digital economy.

The Fiat System Under Pressure Fiat money remains the cornerstone of global commerce, but it faces growing strain. Crossborder transfers between Africa and Europe remain slow and expensive, while inflation in Argentina and Turkey has eroded public trust in local currencies. In Nigeria, persistent naira volatility has pushed individuals and businesses toward dollar-linked digital alternatives.

DA kuku Pe T e RSID e

This does not signal the end of fiat—it signals the need for transformation. The next generation of money must be faster, cheaper, and more inclusive, harnessing digital innovation without losing regulatory oversight.

The Central Bank’s Expanding Role

Rather than being sidelined, central banks are becoming key architects of the emerging digital monetary ecosystem. Their evolving role encompasses: • Regulatory oversight: Defining frameworks to distinguish payment-backed stablecoins from speculative crypto assets.

• Issuer supervision: Permitting issuance only through licensed banks or regulated payment institutions.

• CBDC development: Rolling out sovereign

Leading in a Storm

When the path ahead is clear and institutions work as they should, leadership feels simple—steady, practical, and almost invisible. But Nigeria has not known such calm in a long while. The numbers and the lived experience no longer match. On paper, reforms are happening, GDP is expanding, and the Central Bank reports progress. Yet, for the average family, food has never been this expensive, transport fares bite deeper, and the paycheck stretches shorter each month. The contradictions are glaring. That is why the 31st Nigerian Economic Summit in Abuja felt like déjà vu—a familiar ritual of optimism performed in an environment of growing hard- ship. For thirty-one years, we have gathered our best minds to chart the nation’s economic direction. The language has remained elegant;

however, the results still trail behind the rhetoric. It is easy to notice two kinds of leaders at

such gatherings. The first group is comprised of those who confront reality head-on, speak the inconvenient truths, and demand measurable results, even at a personal cost. The second are the echoers—those who are comfortable repeating official optimism and retreat to silence when hard questions arise. Fear of exclusion, fear of retribution, and the desire to belong have created a strange quiet among those who should speak most boldly. Leadership is not about being liked; it is about being useful when the storm rages. And make no mistake—Nigeria is in a storm. Against that backdrop, a new macro story emerges, and it is not trivial. The World Bank’s October 2025 Nigeria Development Update (NDU) notes signs of stabilisation from recent reforms—foreign exchange unification, fuel subsidy removal, and tax changes. Output and

external balances have strengthened, reserves have improved, and fiscal indicators appear less precarious than they did two years ago. But the same report is explicit about the central test: translating reform gains into welfare gains. An estimated 139 million Nigerians are living in poverty, and food price inflation has made a basic basket multiple times more expensive than in 2019. In short, the macro engine is turning, but the torque has yet to reach the wheels of household welfare.

Power supply remains the nation’s most significant constraint. Between January and March 2025, the country generated an average of only 4,771 megawatt-hours per hour for a population exceeding 220 million. That is roughly what a single mid-sized city in Asia consumes.

CBN Governor, Yemi Cardoso

President Bola Tinubu

Ibrahim Shettima, during the inauguration ceremony/lecture of NDC Course 34 in Abuja ... yesterday

PHOTO: eNOCK ReuBeN