2022 April 6

THE M A N I T O B A N since 1914

provided by Jaron Rykiss

Jaron Rykiss elected UMSU provided by Victoria Romero

president

provided by Tracy Karuhogo

Vol. 108

provided by Elishia Ratel

provided by Brook Rivard

THE OFFICIAL UNIVERSITY OF MANITOBA STUDENTS’ NEWSPAPER

Iss. 28

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Rykiss handily takes UMSU presidency NEWS

Colton McKillop, staff The 2022 UMSU executive board will consist of Jaron Rykiss as president, Tracy Karuhogo as vice-president student life, Victoria Romero as vicepresident advocacy, Brook Rivard as vice-president finance and operations and Elishia Ratel as vice-president community engagement.

Rykiss said this victory is not about him alone.

“This is a victory for our student union,” he said in a written statement.

“Every volunteer, my policy team, my comms team, my campaign manager, Angela. I cannot wait to get started.

I cannot wait to help build an UMSU students can be proud of. An UMSU for ALL.”

Rykiss secured the presidency with 63.6 per cent of votes, while Savannah Szocs earned 36.4 percent.

In 2021 the race was tighter, with current president Brendan Scott winning 51.4 per cent compared to his opponent Judith Oviosun’s 48.6 per cent.

Voter turnout took another downturn, with only 3,453 out of 23,300 eligible voters, or 14.8 per cent, participating.

In contrast, turnout was 20.4 per cent in 2021 and 27.7 per cent in 2020, a drop of at least six per cent every year.

Kunal Rajpal won the race for international community representative with 60.6 per cent compared to Sahand Babaie’s 39.4 per cent.

Christine Yasay defeated Gulnaaz

themanitoban.com

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graphic / Dallin Chicoine / staff

Voter turnout drops again

Dhillon for women’s community representative, with 66.4 and 33.6 per cent respectively.

Ishkode Catcheway for Indigenous community representative, Alex Rana for 2SLGBTQIA+ community representative, Anita Ayame for Black community representative

and Caleigh Guillou for accessibility community representative all ran unopposed and were all confirmed.

news@themanitoban.com

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April 6, 2022

Arbitrator rules U of M must increase salaries for UMFA NEWS

Colton McKillop, staff The University of Manitoba must increase the salaries of University of Manitoba Faculty Association (UMFA) members, an arbitrator ruled last week.

Arbitrator William Kaplan granted the union salary increases of 2.25 per cent each year from 2021 to 2024.

The university and UMFA agreed to binding arbitration to settle outstanding issues following a strike in 2021 that lasted 35 days.

UMFA president Orvie Dingwall said UMFA is “happy with the decision.”

Dingwall said “2.25 [per cent] is not what we had proposed to the arbitrator but it is more than the university had been offering […] and most importantly, it is going to help us to stay competitive with the other research-intensive universities, the U15, across Canada.”

Kaplan was instructed to disregard any government mandates and instead aim for “reasonable advancement towards” the 25th percentile of salaries in the U15.

Until now, salaries at the University of Manitoba were the second-lowest in the U15, which according to UMFA led to retention and recruitment difficulties — a core issue triggering the strike in 2021.

UMFA was seeking an increase that

would bring the university into 11th place in the U15 — 90 per cent of the way toward the 25th percentile in the U15.

Dingwall said that while UMFA is “still running the calculations” on where exactly the salary increase places the U of M in the ranking, it lifts the university out of its current position of 14th place.

Additionally, Kaplan ordered the university to pay faculty for teaching done after the strike.

“When our members came back to work, we were very committed to ensuring students finish their term, even though the timelines were changed, but to do that, they were still then teaching 100 per cent of the term and only getting paid for 100 per cent minus five weeks,” Dingwall explained.

“So the university had some choices.

In some faculties, it could have shortened the term, it could have just extended the term even further and instead it chose to condense things and keep things pretty close to a regular year schedule, but that means that our members were essentially teaching five weeks of classes that they weren’t being paid for.”

Kaplan also ruled that UMFA members must be compensated for time spent on continuing research and service responsibilities during the strike.

Dingwall pointed out many UMFA members had to fulfil these duties in order to maintain the integrity and safety of their research programs.

“So [those who take care of animals], they were ensuring that the animals were still alive, and we have members who serve on national granting agencies like [the Canadian Institutes of Health Research],” she explained.

photo / Basel Abdelaziz / staff

Union awarded annual 2.25 per cent increase from 2021 to 2024

“Their granting competitions were taking place and for those to continue, our members still participated even though they were on strike, and that’s what those payments from the arbitrator [go] towards.”

In 2016, the provincial government interfered in UMFA’s contract negotiations by imposing a wage freeze mandate on the university, triggering a 21-day strike.

The Manitoba Court of Queen’s Bench recently ruled the province must pay $19.3 million to compensate UMFA for lost wages and strike costs.

Dingwall said she and members of UMFA “certainly hope” this decision can result in more stability in labour relations between UMFA, the university and the government.

“Certainly, having the government interfere in our bargaining starting in 2016 […] has really led to unstable bargaining because […] the university is supposed to be autonomous from the government and the government is not supposed to be engaged in any way in our negotiations with the

university,” she said.

“We’re hopeful that this arbitrator’s decision wraps everything up from this round of bargaining and […] that the next time when we come into negotiations, that it’s just us and the university and that we can just — as we have in most other rounds of bargaining since UMFA was created — […] sort things out between the two parties and without the involvement of the government.”

news@themanitoban.com

U of M bursary available to those affected by Ukraine war NEWS

Colton McKillop, staff The University of Manitoba has earmarked $1 million for an emergency bursary fund to provide financial assistance to students struggling due to the war in Ukraine.

The fund will also be available to students impacted by “international conflicts, environmental catastrophes and extraordinary life events.”

The university has established a webpage featuring links to additional resources for those affected by the war in Ukraine, such as local Ukrainian organizations, federal support and pro bono legal services. There is also a link to donate to the emergency bursaries fund and promotion for fundraisers to support Ukraine.

Benarroch noted that Manitoba is “home to one of the largest populations of Ukraine diaspora in Canada.”

“We do as a university take our obligations to address the crisis very seriously and we’ve come to recognize that war [and] geopolitical events can have a real impact on our international students from across the globe,” he said.

“We need to respond appropriately to assist those students and what we’ve been finding is that these types of crises are creating extreme financial need and stress on our students and we want to be able to respond appropriately to those things.”

The bursary will prioritize students needing immediate relief.

Benarroch pointed out the war in Ukraine may be preventing some students from accessing resources they do have.

University

“Their bank accounts might be frozen

president

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and funds can’t be transferred to them to not only pay their tuition but also to live, eat [and] pay their rent here and as a result of that, we have to step in at this time and provide students with […] support,” he said.

According to Benarroch, previous bursary funds had “limited capabilities” to respond to the needs of students in this crisis.

photo / Basel Abdelaziz / staff

Funds also offered to those affected by international conflicts, environmental disaster

“What we’re trying to do here is encompass a variety of possible situations in which [students] might face financial distress,” he said.

Benarroch said it was important the university “is in a place where [it] can respond quickly” to these types of crises.

“The unlawful war on Ukraine, in fact, has created hardships for our students and […] it is incumbent on us to respond in support of students and that’s what we’re trying to do here through this bursary fund.”

Students facing academic difficulties due to being directly impacted by the war in Ukraine may be eligible for academic accommodations. Additional resources can be found on the University of Manitoba website.

news@themanitoban.com

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Measuring health equity in First Nations children Study related to Truth and Reconciliation Commission calls to action RESEARCH & TECHNOLOGY The week of March 21 to March 25 was Health Equity Week in Manitoba. The purpose of the week was to acknowledge and work to improve the equitability of health-care services among diverse communities in Manitoba. The week’s events were supported by Shared Health, CancerCare Manitoba, the George and Fay Yee Centre for Healthcare Innovation, Healthcare Excellence Canada, Indigenous Health and all five Manitoban regional health authorities.

image / Jackie Traverse/ provided

Michael Campbell, staff

During Health Equity Week, the Manitoba Centre for Health Policy (MCHP) promoted recent scholarship that addresses the gap in equity between Manitobans. One such study highlighted by MCHP was “Our Children, Our Future: The Health and Well-being of First Nations Children in Manitoba.” This study, first released in 2020, was requested by Manitoba’s Healthy Child Committee of Cabinet to determine whether the calls to action set by the Truth and Reconciliation Commission have reduced health-care inequality in Manitoba.

Mariette Chartier, assistant professor in the department of community health sciences and senior research scientist at MCHP, and Leona Star, director of research at the First Nations Health and Social Secretariat of Manitoba (FNHSSM), spoke to the Manitoban about the report.

“Our role within many of [these] research projects is to provide that partnership, to demonstrate that partnership around First Nations self-determination as it relates to our own data, our own stories and our own truths, and being able to interpret those results according to our own understandings and worldview,” said Star.

The Truth and Reconciliation Commission’s call to action number 19 calls for the federal government to identify and address inequalities in health and medical care between Indigenous and non-Indigenous people living in Canada. The Commission also called for annual progress reports to assess progress toward this goal.

“However, without actually having a baseline of information or a baseline of wellness around First Nations people within Manitoba, it was really hard to measure whether or not that [equity] gap was increasing,” Star said.

Prior to undertaking the project, researchers knew First Nations people live 10 years less on average than all other Manitobans, and the gap was increasing. Researchers also knew major contributors to this gap were the impacts of colonization, racism, access to primary care, access to clean running water and access to housing.

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“If you put it into the context of having 10 additional years with your loved one and how integral that is to your overall relationship [and] your overall wellness and to see their life cut short as a result of the impacts of colonization,” Star said.

Undertaking such a major, whole-population level study requires enormous forethought and reciprocity with stakeholders. The first step for the authors of the study was to gain consent from the health information research committee at the FNHSSM, which ensures research by and for First Nations is performed with free prior informed consent of individuals and on a collective basis, is conducted under the First Nations’ ethical standards, benefits the First Nations and follows OCAP principles.

The OCAP principles ensure that the First Nations retain ownership, control, access and possession of the research conducted.

The project also required the approval of the University of Manitoba’s research ethics board and was subject to the same scrutiny as other research projects at the university.

From there, the researchers brought together the project’s knowledge keepers from the five distinct First Nations language groups in Manitoba, including Cree, Ojibway, Dakota, Ojibway-Cree and Dene.

Star emphasized the importance of acknowledging the protective factors for children in each of the First Nations and celebrating the differences between the nations, rather than continuing to stigmatize and focus primarily on deficits.

The study used data from the Manitoba Population Research Data Repository held by MCHP. This data includes patients’ visits to hospitals and physicians, public school grades, graduation rates, prosecutions and court appearances, among other publicly collected data. However, these data sets measure health and the social determinants of health from a deficit perspective.

It is also important to recognize the resilience and strength of First Nations communities.

Chartier recalled that Nora Murdock, with the Manitoba First Nations Education Resource Centre, “would always say, you know, ‘We have to make sure we

put hope in there,’ because sometimes we would feel a little hopeless when we looked at those indicators.”

Researchers wanted to consider the wellness of children in a holistic sense.

For example, many First Nations people are reclaiming the sacredness of birthing practices. The study found First Nations mothers received inferior prenatal care and had shorter post-natal hospital stays, meaning essential education opportunities for healthy childbirth are missed due to inappropriate care. Considering what supports the wellbeing of a child and how existing systems fail to meet those needs provides a clear path toward reducing inequalities in health.

“As parents, according to our knowledge keepers, and as a family, we all have a duty and responsibility to ensure that our children’s rights are protected and our children live their rights fully and fulfilled in every way,” Star said.

research@themanitoban.com

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U of M hosts Turtle Island Indigenous Science Conference Inaugural conference to explore Indigenous scientific legacy and two-eyed seeing RESEARCH & TECHNOLOGY Cultural traditions and language shape the ways people learn and view the world. For too long, Indigenous perspectives and traditional knowledge have been excluded from scientific discussions.

Professors at the University of Manitoba have organized the upcoming Turtle Island Indigenous Science Conference to explore the legacy of Indigenous contributions to science.

image / Sydni Head / provided

Emma Rempel, staff

In recent decades, there has been a reckoning in academic and STEM fields about their exclusionary histories. Indigenous scholars have been at the forefront of the movement toward inclusion in scientific and academic spaces, calling on researchers to embrace Indigenous perspectives and to acknowledge the legacy of Indigenous scientific contributions.

One of the event’s organizers is Myrle Ballard, an assistant professor in the department of chemistry and an Indigenous scholar. She spoke to the Manitoban about what participants can expect.

“This will be a great conference and is the first of its type at the University of Manitoba,” said Ballard.

Named after a creation story shared among many Indigenous peoples, the conference will host interactive workshops and sessions to explore science through an Indigenous perspective.

Among the topics for discussion are the value of applying the principle of two-eyed seeing in modern scientific research.

Two-eyed seeing, or Etuaptmumk, encourages scientists, teachers and students to consider questions from two viewpoints: the traditional scientific view and the Indigenous way of knowing. A principle of cross-cultural understanding, Etuaptmumk was developed and popularized by Mi’kmaw Elder Albert Marshall. The word Etuaptmumk comes from the Mi’kmaw language and translates to “the gift of multiple perspectives.”

“Two-eyed seeing is very important, because it enables people to see from both the Indigenous lens and the western lens,” said Ballard.

“It gives someone an improved perspective of both methods of inquiry where similarities and gaps can be better understood, and to understand each other better.”

Etuaptmumk is a form of cross-cultural collaboration, where parties of two different perspectives can bring their strengths to the table and share in their discoveries. The concept was originally introduced in academic institutions and STEM programs to encourage the involvement of Indigenous students in science. It is now being more widely applied by

“Two-eyed seeing is very important, because it enables people to see from both the Indigenous lens and the western lens” — Myrle Ballard, assistant professor and conference organizer

researchers, conservation groups and national institutions.

the relationships between Indigenous peoples and their environment.

There is a long history of mutual collaboration and learning between Indigenous peoples and western scientists, especially in the Arctic, where local and traditional ecological knowledge is incredibly valuable.

One recent example is in bowhead whale population surveillance in the Beaufort Sea. Local Inuit hunters shared their knowledge about the whales’ behaviour, which helped researchers to improve their survey methods and more accurately estimate the population size.

“My research is on the use of [the Ojibwe language] Anishinaabemowin as a monitoring tool for aquatics systems, and the application of [two-eyed] seeing as an ecosystem framework,” said Ballard.

Outside of research settings, studies have found that when institutions incorporate ideas and methods from Indigenous perspectives in their learning, it is not only Indigenous students who benefit. Across the board, all students benefit from more universal and inclusive teaching methods.

Ballard incorporates Indigenous ways of knowing into her own research as well. Her work examines ways to integrate Indigenous ways of knowing into freshwater conservation and management to repair and restore

As to what Ballard is looking forward to most at the conference, she emphasized the personal connections.

“I am looking forward to meeting new people, connecting with colleagues and increasing my knowledge,” she said.

The speakers that have been announced to lead the conference possess expertise in a wide array of fields, including ecology and environmental science, medicine and human sciences, psychology, physics, mathematics, astronomy, agriculture and law.

Five interactive sessions will be held, with two on the topics of land, environment, medicine and health using traditional and Indigenous perspectives. The other three will explore two-eyed seeing, the scientific

knowledge embedded in Indigenous languages and novel STEM approaches that include Indigenous ways of knowing.

The conference will run June 14 to 16 and is open to anyone who would like to attend. There is limited capacity at several events, so tickets will be available on a first come, first serve basis. Students are invited to submit their abstracts and justification for travel funding by May 7. A closing ceremony and dinner will be held at the Canadian Museum for Human Rights.

“I hope the participants learn, network and increase their understanding of Indigenous Science,” said Ballard.

“This will be an inaugural conference with more to come.”

research@themanitoban.com

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Solve sexual violence in military by defunding it Canada’s military is premised upon violence, control internally and externally COMMENT

New revelations concerning sexual assault and misconduct in the Canadian military continue to trickle into the public domain. Nearly every week since February 2021, Canadian news has been struck with new information about the Canadian Armed Forces’ (CAF) deplorable conduct regarding sexual violence. This time, Canada’s former highest-ranking military commander general Jonathan Vance pleaded guilty for obstruction of justice in a sexual misconduct case.

graphic / Marina Djurdjevic/ staff

Lucas Edmond, staff

Vance reportedly fathered a child with Maj. Kellie Brennan — a former subordinate ranking officer — and had clearly exploited his position to advance his sexual relationship with her. Brennan testified that Vance made his position of power in the CAF clear throughout the relationship, claiming he made statements about being “untouchable” and saying that he “owned” the military.

If Canada wants to solve its military’s sexual violence issue, it must defund the CAF News of Vance’s sexual misconduct case broke in February 2021, a few months before he retired. The high-coverage case led to a tsunami of survivors coming forward to tell their stories of sexual violence. Since then, 11 senior military officials have been involved in trials regarding a variety of harrowing sexual assault cases. But this concerningly large number of officers in extreme positions of power doesn’t come close to scratching the surface of the crisis at hand. Roughly 20,000 members of the Canadian military have applied for a $900-million class action settlement to cover the sexual violence and subsequent mishandling of their grievances, and more are bound to come forward.

These concerning revelations are not new. The problem of sexual exploitation and violence in the military has been a well-known subject since Maclean’s covered the issue in an influential article in 1998. Maclean’s

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interviewed 13 women who served in the Canadian military and noted that “The cases also reveal a culture — particularly in the navy and combat units — of unbridled promiscuity, where harassment is common, heavy drinking is a way of life, and women […] are often [considered] little more than game for sexual predators.”

Many pundits continue to argue that to solve sexual violence in the military, a “fundamental culture change” is necessary. Even after then-Supreme Court justice Marie Deschamps conducted an external review into sexual violence in the CAF in 2015, nothing in the culture has shifted. As Global News reporter Amanda Connolly suggested, “Sexual misconduct in the Canadian Forces remains as ‘rampant’ and ‘destructive’ in 2021 as it was back in 2015 when a landmark federal report first documented the extent of the problem.”

According to most pundits, solving sexual violence in the military must begin with dismantling the masculinity that defines the CAF’s culture.

A part of challenging this culture over time has been to solve the disproportionate number of men relative to women in the military. Over the years, the total proportion of women in the

military has grown steadily, yet the crisis seems just as bad as it was in 2015.

The problem with this approach is that it fails to recognize masculinity as a character trait that is constructed over time and is not, as some may assume, a natural fact of sexuality.

Senior researcher and lecturer of gender studies at the University of Basel Elizabeth Mesok argues, “by collapsing military sexual violence within a broader campaign for military women’s equality, rape is conceptualized as a violent action against women, rather than an act of gendered and militarized violence endemic to a hyperaggressive military culture.”

In other words, it will be fundamentally impossible to solve a culture issue in an institutional environment that pays people to commit and morally justify heinous acts of violence abroad. The violence people are trained to conduct in conflict zones permeates internally, creating victims within the CAF’s own ranks.

Education about the culture of sexual violence will not be enough when military institutions train people and give them a license to exert general violence upon other humans.

This is not to say that placing mechanisms within the CAF that are victim-friendly will not ameliorate its hostile sexual environment, but that the military will always be a site of sexual violence if it is not defunded and dismantled. Having such radically high rates of sexual violence is indicative of a systemic issue of abuse, trauma, power and hierarchy.

Studies have shown that jobs with more ready access to control through hierarchy and power have higher rates of domestic abuse — like the police. There is a social connection between jobs that attract people with a pathological desire for control and systemic issues of violence.

Talking about a “culture shift” within the military reflects a similar logic to giving officers body cameras to prevent police violence — it may look like a solution, but the underlying issues remain unresolved. If Canada wants to solve its military’s sexual violence issue, it must defund the CAF.

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April 6, 2022

UMSU executive team must face challenges Students can ensure fulfilment of campaign promises by adding pressure COMMENT

Ivan Nuñez Gamez, staff Election time in high school used to be a poor excuse for students to lose class time.

We would all just sit and listen to candidates talk about vague promises that no one was truly concerned about. Student apathy made campus politics seem like nothing but a

Manitoba Students’ Union (UMSU) directors and the executive and community representative elections finalized, UMSU is now suited to face the new challenges the upcoming year may bring. President-elect Jaron Rykiss’s policy handbook offers important policies on a wide range of

is often unable to hold their elected officials accountable.

We often see student politicians as peers, allowing them to easily avoid public scrutiny. This apathy essentially validates their decisions while the student body quietly faces the consequences of executives’ policies.

It’s time to stop rubber-stamping our elected members’ policies post-elec-

facing is another uphill battle that students must push their executives hard to resolve. Though the current transition program for in-person learning might help, improving mental health on campus won’t come as easily as the shift from online to live lectures. Students need more widely available mental health resources.

Though UMSU is far from a perfect

Our responsibility, as constituents, is to keep a vigilant eye on our elected officials and constantly hold them accountable popularity contest and the policy promises seemed meaningless considering most candidates were unwilling or simply unable to fulfil them. As I became more involved in campus politics at the University of Manitoba as a student columnist and a newly elected representative in a student body council, I came to realize decisions at different levels of student governance have an impact on the student body. The only way to create positive change for all students, especially those who belong to underrepresented communities, is by carefully analyzing our electoral decisions.

With the various student associations electing their new University of

topics like lobbying with provincial authorities for the re-establishment of international students’ health care, increasing community engagement once the U of M is able to fully return to in-person learning and big accountability reforms to ensure transparency and the fulfilment of campaign promises.

Most of these issues should be of great concern to the wider student body.

A student body whose international community has been forced to play a second-class role due to its limited medical insurance. A student body that’s been facing more than two years of online education causing the unavoidable deterioration of their mental health. A student body that

tion. For as long as I have been a U of M student, student leaders have brought forward the issue of universal health care for international students, but little has changed.

Since 2018, due to cuts to the provincial government’s spending plan, international students have been forced to withstand their time abroad with mediocre private insurance.

Though I am pleased candidates have included this issue in their campaign promises, it is important they are held accountable and more steps are taken to ensure international students are aware of the extent of their medical coverage.

The mental health crisis students are

institution, it has the potential to give U of M students a sense of belonging and community. Just like any union, each and every member has duties to fulfil. It is our duty to end the outreach gap and get informed about the decisions affect our student life.

We must work toward achieving a high-functioning union by holding those who represent us accountable.

graphic / Dallin Chicoine / staff comment@themanitoban.com

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Church must tear up papal bulls, return stolen material Church’s role in genocide was institutional, despite what Pope says EDITORIAL Last week, First Nations, Métis and Inuit delegates — including representatives from Manitoba — were sent to the Vatican to meet with Pope Francis. The meetings were organized to start a conversation about reconciliation for the Catholic Church’s role in centuries of colonialism and genocide and made progress toward a public apology from the Pope — one of the 94 calls to action in the Truth and Reconciliation Commission’s 2015 report. For years, the Pope refused to recognize the church’s role in genocide, but delegates had success this time around.

Conveniently, the Pope’s apology blamed a couple bad apples while avoiding confronting the church’s institutional responsibility. “For the deplorable conduct of these members of the Catholic Church, I ask for God’s forgiveness and I want to say to you with all my heart, I am very sorry,” the Pope said. Many claim that the apology on its own does more for the church than it does for victims and argue an apology must be backed by political and material reparations.

Most Canadians assume the separation of church and state is an inherent part of Canada’s liberal constitution. Although it is generally inferred, neither state neutrality nor state separation from the church is demarcated in the constitution. This is likely because Canada’s claim to sovereignty as a settler state depends on two papal bulls passed in 1455 and 1493, respectively. The papal bulls deemed people Indigenous to Africa

genocidal approach to Indigenous nations: banning their cultural practices, sending Indigenous children to residential schools and establishing Canada’s reserve system.

Why is this significant?

As award-winning Indigenous journalist Tahieròn:iohte Dan David claims, “Without [the papal bulls], the ideological house of cards collapses.”

While it would take far more than

The church supposedly feels remorse for its actions, yet it continues to act and uphold colonial institutions and practices and the Americas undeserving of protection from European law or the church, therefore giving settlers the right to claim the land as their own under God. Together, the papal bulls are popularly known as the Doctrine of Discovery and they continue to influence Canadian policy and land claims.

Given that the papal bulls effectively gave Europeans the right — under their own Eurocentric laws — to claim and settle foreign lands and eventually form self-defined sovereignties, the bulls form the legal foundation that policies like the Indian Act have rested on throughout Canada’s short history.

As many are hopefully aware, it was the Indian Act that informed Canada’s

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scrapping two outdated edicts to challenge Canada’s sovereignty, it nonetheless sets the stage for change and opens up a world of political possibilities for Indigenous nations.

From the sovereignty established by the papal bulls and the subsequent drafting of the Indian Act, Indigenous practices were banned and cultural material was seized. Initially, Canada outlawed potlatches — a redistributive ceremony integral to many West Coast First Nations’ governing systems — in 1884 with an amendment to the Indian Act, but this law cascaded into yet another amendment which banned all Indigenous dance and cultural material off-reserve after 1927. Refusal to abide by this law often

resulted in imprisonment and fines.

Cultural material seized from this ban has ended up in museums across Canada and throughout the world — including the Vatican — as trophies of colonialism. Most of the Vatican’s collection of Indigenous cultural material was sent to Pope Pius XI in 1925 from missionaries for a global exposition which displayed over 100,000 pieces of cultural material.

The narratives that accompanied these items were of the realization of the settler-colonial project — a project that is prefaced upon the erasure of Indigenous populations. However, this triumphalist myth that Canada has been permanently settled — as if settler colonialism is a historical occurrence and not a system of governance and oppression — goes in direct contradiction of Indigenous activists fighting for their sovereignty, political institutions and self-determination.

This damaging myth is being challenged by delegates at the Vatican who are asking for this important cultural material to be repatriated.

The fact that the Vatican is in possession of these items is directly correlated with the very violence that the Pope apologized for.

However, progress toward this end has not yet been elaborated and it is not clear the church is interested in co-operating. Archbishop Donald J. Bolen of Regina, Sask. went so far as to say that the artifacts were gifts bestowed to the church. “There is a spiritual dimension to gift-giving, and that can’t be lost,” Bolen claimed.

While they may have been gifts from missionaries, experts say many of the artifacts were stolen.

Despite this, the church continues to treat this stolen cultural material as their own. On a visit to the Ethnological Museum Anima Mundi, Anishinaabe-kwe journalist Tanya Talaga attempted to photograph a stolen pipe stove and was asked to leave. Beyond this, the delegates were not granted access to the Vatican’s private collection.

All Indigenous people have a right to see and control how their cultural material is managed. Being asked to leave upon trying to spread this important knowledge displays an attitude of ownership over stolen material the same way Canada assumes ownership over stolen land.

The church supposedly feels remorse for its actions, yet it continues to act and uphold colonial institutions and practices. Unlike the Pope’s apology makes it seem, it was not simply a few misguided Christians that contributed to residential schools — it was and continues to be an institutional effort that began with two racist papal bulls.

The continuity of this institutional colonialism lives on in the Vatican’s private collection of cultural material.

If the church truly wants to take its first steps toward reconciliation, it should return what was stolen and tear up the papal bulls that made this theft possible.

graphic / Dallin Chicoine / staff words / Lucas Edmond / staff

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The wait was worth it for North Graffiti ARTS & CULTURE Grace Paizen, staff

As winter is finally melting into spring and our familiar feathery friends return, live music is also slowly returning to music venues across the city.

Not only has it been a long winter, it has been a long two years for local Winnipeg band North Graffiti.

To celebrate this return of somewhat normalcy, the band is set to release its album Modern Relics at the Park Theatre on April 9 with opening acts the 12/21 and Mobina Galore.

In fact, lead singer and guitarist Johannes Lodewyks said the band has been waiting the entire pandemic to share their music.

“We actually had this album ready to go right when COVID hit and so we kind of had many debates about whether we should put it out throughout COVID,” Lodewyks said.

“But, you know, [we] just didn’t want to be somebody’s soundtrack to another lockdown.”

“We didn’t want to do it as a livestream and we wanted that real, kind of, in-person [event],” Lodewyks said.

“What makes North Graffiti stand out is that we pride ourselves on being just a really good live band.”

Composed of four local veterans of the Winnipeg music scene, with Kyle Monkman on guitar, Marty LaFreniere on bass and Joel Leonhardt on drums,

North Graffiti was a band long in the making.

“We’ve all been playing in bands in Winnipeg for years,” Lodewyks said.

“We all found each other and decided, you know, we’re going to form this band.”

image / North Graffiti / provided

Local band set to rock the Park Theatre

“About eight years ago, Marty, myself and Joel started jamming and writing these songs [...] we pretty quickly found ourselves with an album’s worth of material, so we went into the studio.”

Monkman joined the band by being an amazing engineer of the album, always picking “up the guitar and go[ing] ‘Well, how about something like this?’”

“And [we’d] say, ‘Oh, that sounds good, why don’t you lay that down’ [...] and eventually Kyle had played enough guitar on the album that we just decided, ‘Do you want to join the band?’”

All primarily from the punk rock scene, North Graffiti embraces its “garage-rock feel” in Modern Relics.

“With this album, you’re going to find a middle ground between Rancid and Bruce Springsteen,” Lodewyks said, “trying to tie the two points together.”

North Graffiti chose the Park Theatre as the venue for its big release party because the theatre has made renovations to expand the space for those still tentative to come out to live shows.

“The people who are coming to the show know that they won’t be crammed shoulder to shoulder,” Lodewyks said.

“They’ll have some space to move around and feel comfortable.”

The show is sure to be a cathartic moment for not just the audience rejoining the world of live music, but for the band themselves after such a long sabbatical over the pandemic.

Lodewyks said musicians felt “pretty disenfranchised by two years of COVID,” so having their album release to look forward to was a good way to keep them going throughout the pandemic.

show.”

In fact, the band hopes people will come out to the show as they truly focus on “trying to be a great live band.”

“Lots of bands can sound fantastic on the album, but when it comes to live, that’s when you really got to prove yourselves,” Lodewyks said.

With a “punk rock DIY ethic” and a fun event to look forward to, North Graffiti is sure to be rocking the Winnipeg music scene for years to come.

Tickets to North Graffiti’s album release party can be purchased on eventbrite.ca.

Tickets are only $12 each, set low on purpose by the band as they “wanted to make sure that price is not a reason that people aren’t coming out to the

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’Toban turntable ARTS & CULTURE Grace Paizen, staff

4.5/5 stars Self-described as adding “modern flare to a vintage aesthetic,” North Graffiti’s album Modern Relics successfully reflects its musical tagline. Just like the album’s cover, the “punk & roll” local group pulls together the fragments of vintage punk and rock past with present instrumentals.

There are recognizable hints of notable bands’ tonal styles sprinkled throughout the album. “Any Other Way” harmonizes into the style of the Cure, but with the frantic beat and vocal stylings of the White Stripes and Jack White à la “Fell in Love with a Girl.” The track “Fancy Screaming You Here” opens like a song of the Sex

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Pistols before blending a fresh punkrock take on Mötley Crüe-like chords and vocals.

However, where there is homage or nostalgia, there is creativity. Third track “The Entertainer” has lead guitarist and vocalist Johannes Lodewyks crooning like Bruce Springsteen, but the band pairs the sound with selfaware lyrics dissecting a musician’s role.

Set to a lively exhibit of ’90s-rock feel, North Graffiti reflects specifically on the prairie band experience of touring the expansiveness of Canada.

Lyrics “16 hours across these prairies to Edmonton” followed by “a pair of shows and 16 hours home [...] that’s why they call me the entertainer” lend a satirical examination of the weariness of prairie road travel purely

for the joy of entertaining fans two provinces over.

A well-deserved mention of the album is song length. In an era of bloated singles, most tracks on the album average under three minutes, which is a refreshing take on the industry norm of four-plus minutes.

What is most exciting about the nostalgic twists of Modern Relics is not just the homage to bands of the past, but the homage to sounds of the past. “I Was a Lone Wolf” is a textbook example of this. Though the instrumentals and even vocals bring the Strokes to mind, the overall sound is a nostalgic hit of 2000s pop-punk.

While listening to the track, you can almost see the opening credits of a film starring the likes of Brittany Murphy or Alicia Silverstone.

Overloaded with nostalgic feel, North Graffiti concocts a timeless-sounding

image / North Graffiti / provided

North Graffiti, ‘Modern Relics’ — 4.5/5 stars

album by injecting a blend of familiar but bygone instrumentals. Modern Relics stands as a time capsule of how the genres of past powerhouses are remixed and remembered in the current music scene.

North Graffiti’s album Modern Relics will be available April 8.

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Lunch B.H.A.G.G. performances coming this April UM Theatre presents its last two shows of the season ARTS & CULTURE Zoë LeBrun, staff

This month, you can catch two new online productions from the University of Manitoba’s theatre program. The first show is Antigone Now by Melissa Cooper and the second is The Theory of Everything

by Prince Gomolvilas.

Caguioa’s directorial choice of the play was rooted in a desire for representation.

The plays are being presented as part of the theatre program’s Lunch B.H.A.G.G. series: “short, one-act shows” that are directed by students and meant to be held during lunch hours, hence the play on the word “lunch bag.”

“Being Filipino-Canadian myself, it was something that was extremely important for me to do. […] It was a long process, but by some miracle I found The Theory of Everything, which has an Asian-American playwright […] and an all-Asian […] cast. It was also the perfect mix of funny and serious.”

Antigone Now is directed by Nadine Maranan, a fourth-year science student pursuing an honours degree in psychology with a minor in theatre, and The Theory of Everything is directed by Keanna Caguioa, who is in their fifth year of an advanced degree, with a double major in English and theatre.

“Antigone Now is a modern adaptation of [Sophocles’s] Antigone,” said Maranan.

Set in the aftermath of a war, the play explores themes such as justice, democracy and gender roles as Antigone challenges the systems around her.

“It was quite a process choosing this show in particular,” Maranan said.

“I came into directing a Lunch B.H.A.G.G. knowing I wanted to direct, but not necessarily knowing what show I wanted to direct. Based on plays that I liked, Katrina Dunn, my advisor, put together a bunch of plays for me to read and possibly choose from. And among them was Antigone Now.” Maranan said that part of the story’s charm is that it is universal and transcendental. “The story of the play transcends time. This show reaches audiences from time period after time period because it has everything, it shows what it means to be human,” she said.

“The play shows us the beauty of the human experience, such [as] being able to love and hope and feel and see the world ever-changing around us. But the play also exposes the ugliness and horrors of what people are capable of doing, such as war and corruption of power.”

Maranan also has a personal connection to the original play, having studied it before in high school.

“Antigone’s story has always had a special place in [my] heart and it’s super cool that I get to explore it in this capacity,” she said.

The second Lunch B.H.A.G.G. production, The Theory of Everything, explores race, faith and identity politics through a comedic lens.

“I knew going into this project that I wanted to do a play by an AsianCanadian playwright,” Caguioa said.

Caguioa believes the play will resonate with audience members in its universality.

“I think everyone has gone through a period in their lives, however long or short, where they start to wonder about their place in the world and where they really belong,” they said.

“It can be hard sometimes to reconcile two parts of your identity that can be so different but still, somehow, are both you. While the characters are southeast and east Asian, a lot of their arcs are really resonant regardless of race: looking for love, looking for identity, looking for happiness.

Each person on Earth is their own individual universe, and this play really explores that notion of feeling alienated from the greater universe and feeling lost in your own.”

Although Maranan and Caguioa have both directed in the past, these Lunch B.H.A.G.G. productions mark their first full-length directorial debuts with in-person performances.

Auditions for their upcoming Lunch B.H.A.G.G. productions were conducted virtually, as were a portion of the rehearsals.

Regarding the auditions, Maranan said her “directing experience has all been virtual, so I didn’t really have much to gauge from. Film actors send in self tapes all the time and that works, so why not? […] [I knew] the disconnect between myself and the actors […] would dissipate once we got to be with each other physically.”

Maranan’s instinct was correct, and both directors spoke highly of the capabilities of their cast to adapt to this online-to-in-person experience with flying colours and of their acting abilities as well.

Other challenges that Caguioa and Maranan have faced throughout this experience are learning how to direct people wearing masks, figuring out the administrative side of directing and balancing schoolwork and directing duties.

“It’s all a learning process, and it

images / Nadine Maranan and Keanna Caguioa / provided

wouldn’t be very fun if it were too easy,” said Maranan.

“It really helps having such a great support system through it all and to have Keanna go through this entire experience with me.”

Despite the challenges they faced, both Caguioa and Maranan enjoyed the process of directing.

“I’m extremely excited,” said Caguioa.

“Being a director is like the perfect mix of [stage management and creative agency]. I love being able to work with the cast and their instincts to let the script come to life.”

“It feels amazing to physically be in

the rehearsal space with my actors and feed off of each other’s energy and just play,” Maranan said.

“I am so […] excited to share this show with everyone! I am so grateful for this opportunity.”

Antigone Now will be livestreamed April 12 and 14 at 1 p.m. and April 13 at 7:30 p.m. and The Theory of Everything will be livestreamed April 19 and 21 at 1 p.m. and April 20 at 7:30 p.m. For more information, stay tuned to the theatre program’s social media channels.

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’Toban turntable ARTS & CULTURE Alex Braun, staff

3.5/5 stars Toronto-based singer Kyla Charter has had an illustrious career as a background singer in the CanCon music machine.

Her CV reads like a CBC Radio One playlist, performing with artists like July Talk, Patrick Watson, Rich Aucoin and Alessia Cara. Now Charter is stepping out on her own with her debut album Edible Flowers.

Working with production team Safe Spaceship, Charter has built a short but sweet album of woozy, dark tracks, with a heavy dose of neo-soul and J Dilla influence. The eerie, Midsommar-esque painting on the cover hints toward the heavy mood of the album — the tempi sag with dread, the drums stutter and drawl with an uncomfortable unsteadiness and swirls of synths and layered vocals clutter an oppressive mix.

The opener “Doubts” begins a capella with choral-like harmonies, while Charter’s refrain of “I’ve got my doubts” rings out over top, sung soft and meek at first, as if she were

whispering in confession. The song progresses sort of aimlessly, but with some interesting twists and turns and fluctuations in intensity as they repeat the refrain over and over.

For such a vocal-focused album, though, Charter doesn’t seem interested in saying a lot, opting instead for vibe music built around simple, repeating phrases or wordless melodies. Charter says this sprouted from a feeling during the tumultuous summer of 2020 of being unable to focus on much more than a single thought at a time.

“Bach To The Future” plays with the titular composer’s counterpoint, intertwining melodies as a long bassline is complicated by layered “ooo” and “aah” vocal lines while another Dilla-esque loose hip-hop groove pounds underneath. “After Party” is a refreshingly bubbly track, with a lively, wordless vocal performance with some charming laughs and impressive runs thrown in.

“Breaking Dishes” is built around a gnarly distorted bass track and some slightly more aggressive vocals

image / Killbeat Music / provided

Kyla Charter, ‘Edible Flowers’ — 3.5/5 stars

— filtered as if Charter were singing over the phone — but the track doesn’t really do anything with that initial energy, letting things slowly peter out in a brief two minutes. This lack of follow-through is an issue with the whole record, really — many of the songs don’t quite feel finished.

The album points this out about itself weirdly enough, with a little snatch of dialogue on “Qwyn” saying the song “sounds a little like a vignette.”

The closer “Another Name” is the one track that that criticism cannot be leveled at. At over seven minutes, the song takes its time, with Charter singing a loose, freestyle-like diatribe

over a looped phrase of group humming and clapping, finishing the album on a sombre note.

Edible Flowers is an interesting — if not completely coherent — record of murky, dank neo-soul from a pretty remarkable vocalist, working quite well as gloomy vibe-music.

Kyla Charter’s debut album Edible Flowers will be available April 8.

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Bentley named to U Sports all-rookie team SPORTS

Isaiah Wagner, staff Despite a rough season, the Bisons women’s volleyball team wasn’t without bright spots this year. Setter Katreena Bentley, a first-year player named to the Canada West all-rookie team, was one such spot.

Also appointed to the U Sports allrookie team, the Winnipeg product put up 685 assists, 22 kills and 50 points in total this season — incredible numbers for anyone, let alone a rookie.

Bentley also led all of Canada West in assists per set with a total of 10.53.

Overall, an impressive season for Bentley. Although she could not be happier about winning her award, Bentley says her teammates deserve the accolades as well.

“I am so proud of myself when it comes to this season,” Bentley said.

“I think I took a great step forward and helped my team do whatever it takes to win. Individual awards are never won by just individuals, the whole team deserves this for their great play.”

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Bentley credits her historic season to all the time she puts into her game every day. She says her drive to constantly improve is what allows her to succeed.

“I think I had a great year because of all the hard work that I put in on and off the court,” Bentley said.

photo / Matthew Merkel / staff

Setter makes the most of challenging season

“I have worked hard since day one [with] the Bisons and have not stopped since. This is extremely important to me because I always want to improve.”

However, the women’s volleyball team did not have the season it was hoping for. The team finished with a 6-10 record, placing second last in the east division, and had an early exit out of the Canada West playoffs after going without a win in its three games. Even though the Bisons did not have the finish it wanted, Bentley is still proud of all the work she and her teammates have put in so far.

“Overall the season was not exactly what we were looking for,” Bentley said.

“Our regular season was not bad, but we were not happy with the playoffs.

We are a good team and did not

perform to the standards that we set for ourselves. I am still very proud of all the girls.”

Already looking ahead to next season, Bentley says she expects her group to have a drastically better performance in the playoffs. She estimates her team’s hard work over the off-season will compliment its experience.

better season. We are going to work hard, [practice] and play like I know we can. The Bisons are going to have a great next season.”

“I am looking forward to doing well in the playoffs next year,” Bentley said.

“We will have a more experienced team and should be able to have a

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April 6, 2022

Bisons track and field wins 7 medals at nationals SPORTS

Matthew Merkel, staff The Bisons put on an impressive performance in the U Sports national championships in Saint John, N.B. this past weekend, bringing home seven medals over three days of the competition.

Nearly two weeks prior to nationals, the herd was dominant at the Canada West championships, winning 13 medals in total on its home turf.

Bison middle-distance runner Calvin Reimer was ecstatic after his performance. In only his second year of eligibility, Reimer was able to capture bronze in the 1,000 metre and contribute to his 4x800 relay team’s third-place finish. Riding high off a couple of successful performances, Reimer was excited to compete on a national stage.

“It was great to finally put some results down to show how hard we have all been working,” said Reimer.

“Medalling in an individual event wasn’t even a real goal of mine until after the first meet of the year back in January! It was definitely something I have been thinking about since I started my university running career, but just didn’t think it would happen this soon. Just shows how far my teammates and coaches have pushed me!

“Our 4x800m relay team […] as a collective, I think we were happy with medalling, but definitely not satisfied.

We went into this meet thinking we could win and I still stand by it. I think this is only going to light the fire when we do it again in two weeks at the U Sports championships.”

Driven to outpace the competition, Reimer and his teammates hold themselves to the highest standard. He said no matter who they are running against, the Bisons squad expects to win whenever it competes. Reimer said his goal-oriented mindset would be deployed at the nationals, and he expected it to produce medals for the brown and gold.

“My mindset has been the same all year. Whenever I toe the line, I want to try to win,” said Reimer.

“No matter what times my other competitors may have run, I am still going to try and win. With our 4x800 relay team, I think we all are going in with a little chip on our shoulders. We are a good team and deserve to be mixing it up with Canada’s best. I think we need to re-establish and prove that.”

At the nationals, Reimer’s mental prowess and speed were put on display in the 4x800 relay. Alongside Justin Kroeker, Michael Wood and Tristan Allen, Reimer and his teammates won bronze, finishing with a time of 7:39.04.

The Bisons finished third in a few

“My mindset has been the same all year.

Whenever I toe the line, I want to try to win”

photos / Matthew Merkel / staff

McConnell wins gold, Speiser takes home silver

— Calvin Reimer, Bisons track and field team member

other events as well.

In the women’s long jump, Kirsten Hurdal won bronze. Having a breakout year, the third-year Bison flew 5.98 metres to take home her first U Sports medal.

Sprinter Jordan Soufi also capped off an impressive indoor season with a third-place finish. Running the 60-metre in only 6.77 seconds, Soufi added his bronze medal to the two silvers he won at the conference championships.

Daxx Turner had an outstanding performance at this year’s nationals. The Canada West men’s rookie of the year won bronze in both the men’s triple jump and high jump.

In the men’s heptathlon, Max Speiser secured the Bisons’ only silver medal. His second-place finish in the multi-discipline event was bolstered by strong showings in high jump and the 60-metre sprint, where he ranked second and fourth.

Anna McConnell was the herd’s most impressive athlete at nationals this past weekend. In shot put, she threw for 14.39 metres to take home her first U Sports gold medal, the Bisons’ only gold of the competition.

In overall team standings, the Bisons men finished fifth, while the women placed tenth. The University of Guelph Gryphons were the big winners of the weekend, finishing first in both standings to sweep nationals for the third straight season.

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From our archives 100 years ago

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J. G. Francis. 1892. A books of cheerful cats. New York: The Century Co.

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