The Harvard Crimson - Volume CXLVII, No. 12

The Harvard Crimson THE UNIVERSITY DAILY, EST. 1873 | VOLUME CXLVII NO. 12 | CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS | FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 7, 2020

EDITORIAL PAGE 4

NEWS PAGE 4

SPORTS PAGE 4

Harvard’s rent increases in the 2020-21 academic year must be put in context

‘Allston Yards’ Development Project will move forward

Wrestling team faces uncertainty after recent defeats

Dershowitz, Tribe Spar Over Impeachment House Asks for “A bit of a publicity hog and a celebrity seeking fellow.”

Gearans “A zealot and a partisan.” “A danger to democracy.” to Stay “Narcissist.” “Crud. C-R-U-D.” “Bonkers.” “Juvenile.”

By KELSEY J. GRIFFIN CRIMSON STAFF WRITER

When Harvard faculty members disagree, they often do so in polite speeches at faculty meetings and formal letters to deans.

Harvard Law School professors Laurence H. Tribe ’62 and Alan M. Dershowitz argue differently, though.The pair of legal scholars has spent the past several weeks engaging in a public, personal feud unlike perhaps any other at the University, sparked by Dershowitz’s decision to defend President Donald J. Trump in his Senate impeachment trial.

“I thought that he had become a bit of a publicity hog and a celebrity seeking fellow who cared less about justice than about fame and fortune,” Tribe said in an interview about Dershowitz.

“He is a zealot and a partisan,” Dershowitz said about Tribe.

Dershowitz formally joined Trump’s defense team on Jan. 17, announcing on Twitter he would deliver oral statements to the Senate to explain the constitutional arguments against impeachment. ­

“A bit of a publicity hog and a celebrity seeking fellow.”

“A zealot and a partisan.” “A danger to democracy.”

“Narcissist.” “Crud. C-R-U-D.” “Bonkers.” “Juvenile.”

“A bit of a publicity hog and a celebrity seeking fellow.”

“A zealot and a partisan.” “A danger to democracy.”

“Narcissist.” “Crud. C-R-U-D.” “Bonkers.” “Juvenile.”

“A bit of a publicity hog and a celebrity seeking fellow.”

“A zealot and a partisan.” “A danger to democracy.”

CAMILLE G. CALDERA—CRIMSON DESIGNER

The trial, which concluded Wednesday, cleared Trump of both charges against him — abuse of power and obstruction of Congress.

Soon after Dershowitz’s announcement, Tribe joined a chorus of legal scholars questioning his arguments.

Still, Tribe was one of few critics who could claim personal ties to Dershowitz spanning decades.

“Although I am hesitant to call out a friend and former colleague as being a danger to democracy, I finally decided that Alan Dershowitz because of his – at least, former – credibility had become such a danger that I could no longer hold back, and I, therefore, began to feel quite free to say what an idiotic argument I thought he was making,” Tribe said in an interview last Tuesday.

Dershowitz, for his part, said Tribe has unfairly attempted to silence him.

“The critical senators seem to accept my argument, or at least to take it seriously. And I would expect that fellow academics would do the same,” he said.

SEE FEUD PAGE 4

Harvard Forward Echoes History

By MICHELLE G. KURILLA and RUOQI ZHANG CRIMSON STAFF WRITERS

In Harvard’s annual Board of Overseers elections, political campaigns advocating for divestment from controversial industries, eliminating tuition cost, and admissions changes date back over 40 years.

Harvard degree holders are elected to the Board of Overseers — the University’s second highest governing body — through an election scheduled every spring. To be listed on the ballot, candidates can either be selected by a Harvard Alumni Association nomination committee or secure sufficient petition signatures from eligible voters. Members of the Board serve six-year terms.

Overseers can influence Harvard’s strategic decisions, review University schools and programs through a periodic visitation process, and approve the election of members of the Harvard Corporation — Har­

vard’s highest governing board.

This year’s election for the Board of Overseers presented a slate of young alumni, backed by student and alumni group Harvard Forward, who are campaigning for fossil fuel divestment and increased recent alumni representation on the governing board.

Though the group’s five candidates were not selected by Harvard’s nomination committee, Harvard Forward later collected more than 4,500 petition signatures for each of its candidates. Roughly 3,000 signatures were required to nominate a Board of Overseers candidate by petition this year.

Harvard Forward is not the only advocacy organization that has strategized within the annual Board of Overseers election to advocate for its causes. Advocacy groups including the Harvard-Radcliffe Alumni Against Apartheid and “Free Harvard, Fair Harvard” backed

SEE BOARD PAGE 7

The Board of Overseers often meets at Loeb House, which is located 17 Quincy Street. JENNY M. LU—CRIMSON PHOTOGRAPHER

By AMANDA Y. SU CRIMSON STAFF WRITER

­ oughly 30 Winthrop House afR filiates called on College administrators to keep interim faculty deans Mark D. Gearan ’78 and Mary Herlihy-Gearan in their roles at a house forum Thursday.

Former Dean of Freshmen Thomas A. Dingman ’67 and College Dean for Administration Sheila C. Thimba hosted Thursday’s event to hear student feedback about factors the College should consider when conducting its faculty dean search. The event came after Dean of the College Rakesh Khurana announced that his office would soon begin accepting nominations for faculty dean candidates in an email to Winthrop residents Tuesday.

Gearan and Herlihy-Gearan have led the House since August, after the College decided not to renew former Winthrop faculty deans Ronald S. Sullivan, Jr. and Stephanie R. Robinson’s contract in May. The decision came amid a semester-long controversy over Sullivan’s decision to represent Hollywood producer and accused sexual abuser Harvey Weinstein.

During the event, students shared some of their positive experiences with Gearan and Herlihy-Gearan. They recalled that, during their time helming Winthrop, Gearan and Herlihy-Gearan hosted Winthrop residents who could not go home during Thanksgiving break, attended students’ performing arts or intramural sports events, and watered a student’s hanging ivy plants.

Nicholas C. Fahy ’22 said Herlihy-Gearan often folded large piles of abandoned laundry during the summer for students to pick up.

Julie R. Hartman ’22 described the relationship between Gearan and Herlihy-Gearan and Winthrop as a “match made in heaven.”

“I can tell so many stories about how they have completely made my year and how they’ve enriched my life forever,” she said. “It is not an understatement to say that nothing I say is

SEE WINTHROP PAGE 3

Harvard Classroom to Table Is Cash Haul On Temporary Hiatus Second in Country

By JOSHUA C. FANG CRIMSON STAFF WRITER

By ELLEN M. BURSTEIN and CAMILLE G. CALDERA CRIMSON STAFF WRITERS

A fter raising $1.4 billion, Harvard came in second among American universities in total funds raised in the last academic fiscal year, Bloomberg News reported Wednesday.

Harvard had topped the list of academic fundraisers since 2016. Johns Hopkins University claimed the top spot this year after it brought in $2.7 billion between July 1, 2018 and June 30, 2019, according to a report from the Council for Advancement and Support of Education released Wednesday.

The majority of Johns ­

SEE CAMPAIGN PAGE 5 INSIDE THIS ISSUE

Harvard Today 2

Classroom to Table — a popular program that subsidizes meals for College undergraduates and their professors in Harvard Square — is “on hiatus” for the entire spring semester after running out of funding for the rest of the year, Dean of Undergraduate Education Amanda Claybaugh announced in an email to colleagues on Jan. 27.

“We are taking a break this semester and using the opportunity to gather a group of faculty, students, and administrators to think about how to best organize the program going forward,” College spokesperson Rachael Dane wrote in an emailed statement.

The most recent iteration of the initiative allowed groups of three to five students to accompany a faculty member to dine at one of five partner restaurants: Grafton Street, Park Restaurant, Russell House Tavern,

News 3

Editorial 6

The Hourly Oyster House, and Temple Bar. The College funded up to $30 per person to cover the cost of the meal, not including alcoholic beverages.

The program hosted 644 gatherings in the fall, during which 2329 students dined with faculty members, according to Claybaugh. This marks an increase from fall 2018 — when administrators halted the outings after 406 meals — but still less than two years ago, when there were a total of 894 gatherings in one semester.

Government preceptor David D. Kane wrote in an email that the program was “one of the best uses of Harvard’s resources” geared toward engaging students with their professors. He wrote that he plans to continue connecting with students over meals, albeit funding them out of his own pocket.

“There is nothing better than breaking bread with someone

SEE CLASSROOM PAGE 3

Sports 8

The Hourly Oyster House was one of the five partner restaurants in Harvard Square set up to receive payment directly from the College as part of the Classroom to Table program. JENNY M. LU—CRIMSON PHOTOGRAPHER

TODAY’S FORECAST

RAINY High: 54 Low: 23

VISIT THECRIMSON.COM. FOLLOW @THECRIMSON ON TWITTER.

ON OFF

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PROFESSORS CLASH OVER IMPEACHMENT

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THE HARVARD CRIMSON |

FEBRUARY 7, 2020

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HARVARD TODAY

For Lunch Basil Chicken Pizza Red’s Best Fresh Catch Grilled Chickpeas with Pineapple

For Dinner Cheese Tortellini with Sausage Turkey Meatballs Marsala Sauce Corn and Black Bean Griddle Cake

TODAY’S EVENTS Spring 2020 Term-Time Job Fair 2:30-4:30 p.m.

IN THE REAL WORLD

Looking for a term-time job to make a few extra bucks? Head over to the Smith Campus Center to learn about the different term-time job opportunities available. This will be the perfect chance to chat with over 20 employers.

Who Won and Who Lost the Iowa Caucus?

New Hampshire Debate Watch Event 7-10 p.m.

The Chinese Government Tightens Measures During Coronavirus Outbreak

The Institute of Politics is hosting a live screening of the final Democratic Debate before the New Hampshire primary at HKS. Doors open at 6:30 p.m., so be sure to get there early to watch the candidates live from the New Hampshire Institute of Politics at St. Anselm College!

Die Zauberflöte (The Magic Flute) at the Agassiz Theatre 7:30-10 p.m.

Head over to the Agassiz Theatre to watch The Magic Flute, presented by the Harvard College Opera. This production will be sung in German with English supertitles. Don’t miss this transcendental opera experience.

As the candidates have moved on to New Hampshire without all of the Iowa caucus results yet, some candidates, including United States Senator Bernie Sanders (I-Vt.) and former South Bend, Ind. Mayor Pete Buttigieg ’04, may be in a better position than others.

The John Harvard Statue dons a face mask Thursday morning. JENNY M. LU—CRIMSON PHOTOGRAPHER

Chinas has implemented house searches to collect individuals sick with coronavirus in an attempt to stem the spread of the disease. More than 31,000 people around the world, including China and more than 20 other countries have been infected with coronavirus.

Eight-Year-Old Girl Takes a Stand on Climate Change

DAILY BRIEFING Harvard Law School professors Laurence H. Tribe ’62 and Alan M. Dershowitz have spent the past several weeks engaging in a public, personal feud unlike perhaps any other at the University, sparked by Dershowitz’s decision to defend President Donald J. Trump in his Senate impeachment trial.

Dershowitz formally joined Trump’s defense team on Jan. 17. In other news, roughly 30 Winthrop House affiliates called on College administrators to keep interim faculty deans Mark D. Gearan ’78 and Mary Herlihy-Gearan in their roles at a house forum Thursday.

Eight-year-old Licypriya Kangujam has been campaigning to take on climate change in India for the past two years. She has been pushing for new laws to decrease India’s high pollution and said she is motivated by the horrible events she has witnessed around the world, such as the loss of homes due to climate disasters.

AROUND THE IVIES COLUMBIA An anti-Chinese message was found on a blackboard in Columbia University’s Butler Library, the Columbia Daily Spectator reported Thursday. The message comes in the wake of growing concerns about the coronavirus and rising numbers of racist incidents nationwide. Images of the blackboard, which read “Wuhan virus isolation area” in Chinese, were shared across Columbia students’ social media accounts. After the discovery of the blackboard message, Columbia and Barnard sent messages to their student bodies condemning anti-Chinese sentiments and providing medical contact information.

YALE

According to the Yale Daily News, the District Court of Connecticut dismissed eight of nine counts involving alleged gender discrimination against the University and nine on-campus fraternities. Engender, an equality and social inclusion student group, brought the suit. The dismissal comes after Engender failed to prove the University willfully ignored cases of alleged harassment by members of the fraternities. The singular count that was not dismissed involves a female student who reported an alleged assault to a Yale counselor who may have been indifferent to her allegation.

CORNELL

The Cornell Daily Sun reported that Cornell’s Student Activities Funding Commission is attempting to “boost club funding” following a 40 percent increase in the student activity fee. The fee — which is paid by undergraduates to support campus student groups — was raised from $234 to $321 in December. According to the Sun, clubs are having difficulty with the SAFC’s “strict rules when receiving funding from the organization.” The majority of the fee increase is intended to address a mismatch between club funding requests and the commission’s ability to fulfill them.

THE UNIVERSITY DAILY, EST. 1873

The Harvard Crimson Aidan F. Ryan President Shera S. Avi-Yonah Managing Editor Emily M. Lu Business Manager

Associate Managing Editors Alexandra A. Chaidez ’21 Molly C. McCafferty ’21 Associate Business Managers Jonathon V. Garzon ’21 Andrea M. Lamas-Nino ’21 Editorial Chairs Ari E. Benkler ’21 Isaac O. Longobardi ’21

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Copyright 2019, The Harvard Crimson (USPS 236-560). No articles, editorials, cartoons or any part thereof appearing in The Crimson may be reproduced in any form without the express written permission of the President. The Associated Press holds the right to reprint any materials published in The Crimson. The Crimson is a non-profit, independent corporation, founded in 1873 and incorporated in 1967. Second-class postage paid in Boston, Massachusetts. Published Monday through Friday except holidays and during vacations, three times weekly during reading and exam periods by The Harvard Crimson Inc., 14 Plympton St., Cambridge, Mass. 02138 Weather icons made by Freepik, Yannick, Situ Herrera, OCHA, SimpleIcon, Catalin Fertu from flaticon.com is licensed by CC BY 3.0.

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CORRECTIONS The Harvard Crimson is committed to accuracy in its reporting. Factual errors are corrected promptly on this page. Readers with information about errors are asked to e-mail the managing editor at managingeditor@thecrimson.com.

PAGE 3

THE HARVARD CRIMSON | FEBRUARY 7, 2020

CLASSROOM FROM PAGE 1

Out of Funds, Classroom to Table Suspended to get to know them,” Kane wrote.

“I hope they bring the program back. In the meantime, I am still inviting students to lunch but, sad to say, on a Preceptor’s salary, it is not easy,” he added.

Dane wrote in an email that Classroom to Table is a “valuable program” and added that the College sees “high participation rates” as indicative of student and faculty interest.

Melody Wang ’22 wrote in an email that she was “disappointed” to hear about the program’s hiatus.

“For me, that was one of the few opportunities to closely interact with professors who taught massive lecture classes, and it was such a meaningful experience to connect with these professors on a personal level,” she said.

“I hope it will be able to make its return as swiftly as possible,” Wang said.

This fall marked the first semester in several years when the program ran the entire term without stopping.

The program has skyrocketed in popularity since its pilot in 2015, driving administrators to implement increasingly stringent usage restrictions to allow more students to participate.

Starting in spring 2017, the Office of Undergraduate Education set a cap of four meals per student for each semester.

In spring 2018, the cap was reduced to the current limit of two meals per student.

But funding issues persisted, leading the College to suspend the program mid-semester for another three straight terms.

Classroom to Table has allotted increasing sums of money for outings over the past several years. At the program’s inception, the College subsidized $20 per student per meal, which increased to $25 in 2016 and $30 in 2017.

In the past, the College has repeatedly declined to disclose funding sources for the program.

Senior Gift — an initiative encouraging graduates from each class to donate to financial aid in addition to an “unrestricted fund” — has contributed to the program’s funding in the past.

An Office of Undergraduate Education website notice invites Harvard affiliates to share suggestions with the review committee via email. joshua.fang@thecrimson.com

WINTHROP FROM PAGE 1

Winthrop Town Hall Students Call to Keep Interim Deans unimportant to them. I really feel that they listen.”

Outside the town hall, some Winthrop students have turned to other forums to advocate for Gearan and Herlihy-Gearan’s selection.

A group of Winthrop residents circulated a petition urging the administration to permanently install the pair as permanent faculty deans.

In response to student questions about Gearan and Herlihy-Gearan’s eligibility for the permanent position, Dingman pointed to a College requirement that faculty deans hold a tenured professorship, preferably in the Faculty of Arts and Sciences.

“It’s been an understanding that the stronger, more permanent faculty we can attract, then we can have this five-year initial term renewable for another five years. With tenure,

you’re sure of a role for life,” he said.

“Also, it says something about living and learning in that these houses are not retreats from the academic life of institutions but are led by senior faculty members.”

Hartman said the College should prioritize a faculty dean’s ability to make a house feel like “home” over “academic prestige.”

She also argued that Gearan’s role as the director of the Institute of Politics — which primarily engages with undergraduates — equips him to connect with Winthrop residents intellectually.

Winthrop tutor Benny Goldman said Gearan and Herlihy-Gearan’s attentiveness to student interests is reflected in the number and diversity of faculty members they have invited to speak with students in the

house.

“Mark and Mary have fostered an incredible environment that students who have a variety of interests can thrive in,” Goldman said.

“Even though they’re not tenured faculty, they still know what’s going on broadly and what the students are interested in and they’ve done a fabulous job facilitating events around that.”

College spokesperson Rachael Dane wrote in an emailed statement that Gearan and Herlihy-Gearan were announced as interim deans who would serve only for the year, referring to an announcement made in the fall about the impending search for new deans.

The College will soon convene a search advisory committee for new deans. Thimba said during the discussion that the College hopes to conclude

Winthrop House affiliates gather for a town hall on faculty dean search in the Winthrop Junior Common Room on Wednesday. AMANDA Y. SU—CRIMSON PHOTOGRAPHER

its search by the end of April and announce the new faculty deans before the summer. In ad-

dition to Winthrop, the College will also fill faculty dean posts in Quincy, Kirkland, Cabot, and

The T closes. We don’t.

Breaking news, 24/7.

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Eliot before the year is out. amanda.su@thecrimson.com

THE HARVARD CRIMSON |

FEBRUARY 7, 2020

PAGE 4

‘Allston Yards’ Development Project To Move Forward

By ARVIN HARIRI and TAYLOR C. PETERMAN CRIMSON STAFF WRITERS

Boston city planners are moving forward with the development of “Allston Yards,” a sprawling building complex located in the Allston-Brighton area, after approving the project Dec. 12.

Located at 60 Everett Street, the complex includes four buildings, scaling at a gross floor area of 1.2 million square feet.

The space will encompass 868 housing units — 148 of which are low-income units — as well as a supermarket, office spaces, and retail stores.

The Boston Planning and Development Agency, the zoning authority in the Boston area, cast the vote to approve the project.

Critics of the plan urged BPDA to delay the vote so that parties involved could further negotiate over the number of affordable housing units, homeownership opportunities, and community benefits associated with the complex.

Still, the vote was passed unanimously on the original date.

Boston City Councilor Elizabeth Breadon, who was among those who advocated for a delay, said she is nonetheless optimistic about the project’s potential benefits for residents — including Harvard affiliates.

“We want projects to be affordable, be energy efficient, and offer opportunities for lo­

cal small businesses,” she wrote in an emailed statement to The Crimson.

“We need these projects to have well-thought-out access to public transit so that we can lower our dependence on cars.

We are hopeful residents of Allston, including Harvard students, benefit from additional businesses and an improved public transit system.”

Some residents said they had hoped the project would include more affordable housing.

“They’re only sitting at 13 to 17 percent margin of affordability,” Allston resident Timothy F. McHale said. “We’d like the city to do better.”

“Twenty percent for all developers, so that’s kind of our mantra,” he added.

McHale also said he wished the development would bring more community benefits.

“Our dear University has negotiated with the city and the neighborhood a factor of about $40 to $50 per square foot of community benefits. That is what I’d like to see all projects,” he said. “By our reckoning, the Allston Yards project is coming in at about half that.”

Anthony P. D’Isidoro, who serves as president of the Allston Civic Association, said he views the development as a “missed opportunity” for a “real win-win situation” between residents and the developer.

“We were hoping to have 20 percent of the units affordable,” he said. “They started off with

The Allston Yards redevelopment will create a new neighborhood in the Allston-Brighton area in place of the current shopping complex. JENNY M. LU— CRIMSON PHOTOGRAPHER

the minimum 13 percent and then, through the long community review process, they eventually revised it up to 17 percent, but never got quite to the 20 percent.”

D’Isidoro also said he wished the project would provide more opportunities for homeownership.

“We kind of feel like the homeownership rate is so low and we try to encourage devel-

opers to do more homeownership opportunities,” he said.

“We were hoping that half would be rental and half would be condo.”

BPDA spokesperson Molly McGlynn wrote in an emailed statement that the proponent had decided to increase its contribution to the Allston Brighton Homeowner Fund to $4 million “in response to community feedback.”

“This fund will help to fund down payment assistance, homeownership programs with affordability components, home repair loans and/or Homebuyer 101 classes for income qualified individuals and families to support ownership housing availability, affordability and stability,” she wrote.

D’Isidoro said he and other Allston residents plan to continue to voice their concerns as

further developments enter the neighborhood.

“The community continues to fight for more homeownership opportunities, for greater affordability than the minimum that the city requires, for deeper affordability where we can get homeownership,” D’Isidoro said. arvin.hariri@thecrimson.com taylor.peterman@thecrimson.com

FEUD FROM PAGE 1

Dershowitz and Tribe Publicly Spar Over Impeachment ‘ELECTRIC AND BRILLIANT’ ­

While Dershowitz and Tribe may disagree about the merits of impeaching Trump, they share at least one thing: a resume littered with prestigious accomplishments.

A Brooklyn, N.Y. native, Dershowitz graduated from Brooklyn College and Yale Law School before joining the Harvard Law School faculty at age 25.

Touted as “the best-known criminal lawyer in the world” and “America’s most public Jewish defender” in his Law School biography, he has defended high-profile and controversial clients such as billionaire and accused sex offender Jeffrey Epstein and football star O.J. Simpson.

Law School professor Charles Fried said in an interview Wednesday that he considers Dershowitz an intelligent scholar.

“He was always considered an electric and brilliant teacher of criminal law just right from the very start,” he said.

Tribe, a graduate of both the College and the Law School, began teaching at Harvard in 1968. He helped write the constitutions of South Africa, the Czech Republic, and the Marshall Islands, and holds the title University Professor — considered Harvard’s highest academic honor for faculty.

Though the two professors never worked together direct-

ly on campus, both described their relationship prior to Dershowitz’s retirement as professional and good-natured.

“I wouldn’t say we were close friends, but we were certainly friends,” Tribe said.

“I proposed him to President Clinton for Solicitor General of the United States,” Dershowitz said. “I’ve always had respect for his ideas.”

Before recent events, Tribe said he and Dershowitz had just one prior dust-up. While both teaching at the Law School in 1992, the two professors disagreed about the appropriateness of a Harvard Law Review “parody” of a colleague’s deceased wife. Tribe said he wanted the Law School to note the incident on the transcripts of the students who wrote the article; Dershowitz argued against censuring them.

“Ever since then, we’ve been a little distant because he thought he is the only pure civil libertarian around and that I was one of the compromised ones, and one of the things that is most kind of difficult to deal with about Alan is how he thinks that he’s the only principled person around,” he said.

The 1992 argument, however, was just a preview of events to come.

‘FUNDAMENTAL DISAGREEMENT’

Though Tribe said he and Dershowitz have had some pre-

vious differences of opinion, their arguments have become increasingly public amid the impeachment debate.

In both his formal defense of Trump and online, Dershowitz claimed that the charges brought by the U.S. House of Representatives against Trump are not impeachable offenses according to the Constitution.

He said the Constitution does not explicitly include the terms used to describe the charges and that its authors would not approve of them.

“My views are that impeachment cannot be based on vague, open-ended terms like ‘abuse of power’ and ‘obstruction of Congress,’” Dershowitz said.

“Those terms can be applied to almost any president, and they’re dangerous.”

Tribe said that — even if the House’s language contains ambiguities — the impeachment trial should rest upon Trump’s actions rather than linguistic questions.

“Obviously, that phrase in itself has a degree of vagueness and ambiguity, but that’s only the label of the impeachment charge,” Tribe said.

“In order to determine whether someone has been charged properly with impeachable offenses, one has to look at the specific conduct that is claimed.”

“It seems that my former colleague has this view that ‘abuse of power’ is not a permissible

category of impeachable offense, which couldn’t be farther from the truth,” he added.

“Abuse of power is the characteristic impeachable offense.”

Following Dershowitz’s testimony before the Senate, several legal experts joined Tribe in countering his arguments.

Renato Mariotti, a former federal prosecutor and CNN legal analyst, compared Dershowitz to opponents of the climate change movement.

“Dershowitz’s view of what constitutes an impeachable offense is as indefensible and rejected by scholars as climate deniers,” Mariotto wrote in a tweet on Wednesday. “Not a single constitutional scholar agrees with his view.”

Michael J. Gerhardt, a law professor at the University of North Carolina who specializes in conflicts between Congress and the President, disputed another aspect of Dershowitz’s claim.

“Professor Dershowitz made what I think was a very bizarre argument about if a president believes something’s in his purse — if he believes that what he’s doing is in the nation’s best interest — he apparently can do anything he wants, and that strikes me as completely wrong,” Gerhardt said.

But Tribe said his concerns about Dershowitz’s arguments stretch beyond impeachment.

“My fundamental disagreement with Professor Dershow-

itz is that if his view were to prevail, the country would be fundamentally at the mercy of future presidents who want to use their official powers in order to benefit themselves and corrupt our elections and ensure their reelection,” he said.

‘SCHOOLYARD EPITHETS’

Dershowitz and Tribe have disagreed about Law School issues and constitutional questions. But the duo have also criticized one another personally in tweets and interviews.

“Tribe so afraid of the Senate hearing my constitutional arguments that he actually says, I ‘should not be allowed’ to make them. Is that the American way?” Dershowitz wrote on Twitter on Jan. 20.

“The @AlanDersh Narcissist defense puts even the Twinkie defense to shame,” Tribe wrote on Jan. 30, referencing a controversial legal argument made while Dan White faced trial for the murder of former San Francisco mayor Harvey Milk.

Dershowitz claimed the dispute has been largely one-sided, charging that Tribe made legal arguments personal.

“Tribe decided to engage in personal ad hominem attacks on me and my ideas,” Dershowitz said. “He characterized my legal conclusions as ‘bonkers’ and ‘crud, C-R-U-D’ despite the fact that they are supported by 19th-century scholars, justices, former justices, and lawyers.”

Tribe countered that claim: he alleged Dershowitz has told multiple reporters that Tribe is jealous of him.

“Nothing could be further from the truth,” Tribe said.

“The person I would least like to be on our faculty is Alan Dershowitz.”

In a bid to move their arguments from Twitter, Dershowitz said he hoped to engage Tribe in an in-person debate over the law.

“I challenge my friend and former colleague, Larry Tribe, to an academic serious debate about these issues — about what the constitutional grounds for impeachment are, what the framers intended — and I hope you will accept my challenge instead of, you know, juvenile name-calling and schoolyard epithets,” Dershowitz said.

At least one student who knew both Tribe and Dershowitz said comparing the pair’s arguments is fruitless.Political commentator Elie Y. Mystal ’00, a graduate of the Law School, wrote in an email that the two professors engage in entirely different lines of work.

“It’s like comparing an astrophysicist to a zoologist,” he wrote. “They’re both technically scientists, but if you just go to random office hours in the Science Center asking “when will we die” you’re going to get very different answers.” kelsey.griffin@thecrimson.com

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THE HARVARD CRIMSON | FEBRUARY 7, 2020

HKS Student Introduces Harvard Places Second in Gender Pronoun Stickers Total Annual Fundraising CAMPAIGN FROM PAGE 1

By SIXIAO YU

CRIMSON STAFF WRITER

Diego A. Garcia Blum, vice president of diversity in the Harvard Kennedy School student government, introduced the optional use of gender pronoun stickers on nametags and placards as “a welcome signal” for transgender and nonbinary students at HKS. Garcia Blum explained the decision to introduce the pronoun stickers in a Jan. 31 email he sent to HKS faculty and staff.

“Often people assume what pronouns other people use by how a person looks like, but this can lead to mistakes that can hurt and exclude people,” he wrote.

“The use of visible pronoun stickers is a welcome signal to our trans and gender nonconforming students to be their full selves in any space in our school,” he added.

Garcia Blum said in an interview that he believes the stickers can serve to educate HKS students, faculty, and staff on pronoun usage.

“There are a lot of people here from the Kennedy School who — this is something completely new to them,” he said.

“If you’re unsure about the pronouns somebody may use, it’s

okay to ask. And if you see somebody that has something like gender nonbinary pronouns, you know, it’s something that you understand, and you can address them correctly.”

Garcia Blum further talked about how gender identity issues are “something that Harvard, overall, needs to do

If you see somebody that has something like gender nonbinary pronouns, you know, it’s something that you understand, and you can address them correctly.

Diego A. Garcia Blum HKS Student Government Vice President of Diversity

better at.”

“I don’t see any other place that has pronoun stickers or pronoun markers on the placards,” he said.

Morgan R. Pratt, a student at HKS, wrote in an email that, al-

though they do not personally use the stickers, they appreciate the significance of the gesture.

“I identify as non-binary because gender is not important to me--putting a sticker right next to my name ironically feels like it would make gender a disproportionately prominent part of my identity,” they wrote. “That being said, I was very proud to see the activism around pronouns here at HKS. It makes me feel more respected in a sea of people otherwise ignoring or opposing the issue.”

HKS Dean Douglas W. Elmendorf wrote an email to The Crimson noting the school administration’s support for the stickers.

“We thought that our students’ idea to introduce these stickers was a great way to help make every student feel fully welcome at the Kennedy School, so we ensured that the message announcing the stickers went to all of our faculty and staff as well as all of our students,” he wrote.

The small stickers — with phrases like “My Pronouns Are: He/Him” — are located in bins in a student lounge near room 309 in the Kennedy School’s Ofer building.

sixiao.yu@thecrimson.com

Hopkins’s funds came from former New York City mayor and current Democratic presidential candidate Michael R. Bloomberg, an alumnus of the school.

In Nov. 2018, Bloomberg pledged $1.8 billion to Johns Hopkins to help fund scholarships for low- and middle-income students.

The donation enabled the school to adopt need-blind admissions practices and remove loans from financial aid packages.

The gift is the single largest donation on record to an American academic institution.

Even excluding the gift from Bloomberg, Johns Hopkins raised $900 million, a figure that would have placed it just behind Harvard and Stanford, which raised $1.4 billion and $1.1 billion, respectively.

Thomas D. Parker ’64 — a senior associate at the Institute for Higher Education Policy — said he was impressed with the amount that Johns Hopkins raised, given its number of graduates.

“In that top ten, most — not all, but most — of the institutions have very large numbers

of graduates, and you have to have very large numbers of graduates to generate very large amounts of money,” Parker said.

“Hopkins deserves a lot of credit. They’ve done a great fundraising job.”

Despite its ten-figure fundraising totals, Parker said that Harvard’s fundraising intake still falls short of ideal, given its annual budget.

Operating expenses at the University totaled $5.2 billion in fiscal year 2019, per its yearend financial report.

“They’re not even raising their annual budget, and if you look at it that way, it’s not a very big number,” Parker said. “You sort of wish that number were larger.”

University spokesperson Christopher M. Hennessy did not immediately respond to a request for comment.

Donald M. Fellows, a senior fundraising consultant at Marts & Lundy, emphasized that all donation numbers are relative.

“It’s all relative to the type of institution, the size,” Fellows said. “The budget for a massive research university like Harvard, Stanford, MIT, they’re huge, compared to a lot of other

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institutions or organizations.”

He cited costs ranging from financial aid, recruitment of high-caliber faculty, and facilities maintenance and upgrades.

“It’s relative to the nature of these institutions. They are very, very expensive,” Fellows said. “The cost factors are huge. That’s what tends to drive the larger gifts, and the greater need of those institutions to raise more money.”

Overall, colleges and universities raised nearly $50 billion in the last academic fiscal year — the highest level ever reported. This marks the tenth consecutive year that total academic fundraising has grown, per the council’s report.

Still, Parker said he believes the fundraising levels are concerning.

“None of the major fundraising universities in the country are doing enough. All of them are still kind of running scared,” Parker said.

“I know that seems counterintuitive because those numbers look so big, but the costs are big as well.” ellen.burstein@thecrimson.com camille.caldera@thecrimson.com

THE HARVARD CRIMSON | FEBRUARY 7, 2020

PAGE 6

EDITORIAL THE CRIMSON EDITORIAL BOARD

COLUMN

Putting Harvard’s Rent Increase in Context

Education or Indigenous Erasure?

L

ast week, Harvard University Housing announced rent increases for University-owned apartments in the 2020-21 academic year averaging one percent but up to two percent in some cases, on a unit-by-unit basis.

The University reached this conclusion after a private consultant revised “market rents” for a number of apartments in Cambridge and surrounding areas.

We are conflicted about this increase.

The move has drawn criticism from some graduate students who feel that the increased price tag will put University-owned housing out of reach. We empathize deeply with the students who feel that the institution they give so much of their time and effort to, at very low wages, is exploiting them for a free-market price.

All of their voices matter to us. And we continue to believe that graduate student stipends should be indexed to the

All of their voices matter to us. And we continue to believe that graduate student stipends should be indexed to the cost of living. cost of living.

We must, however, simultaneously recognize that Harvard can only provide 50 percent of graduate students with housing.

Not sticking to a market price would force the University to decide which half of the students should receive housing that is below market price and which half should not. Such a conundrum would be an equally, if not more troubling, ethical strain.

Still, further context is necessary.

Harvard’s student housing does not operate in a vacuum. And though Harvard may seek to peg its rent rates to market prices, it is critical to note that Harvard’s expansive housing system has an outsized impact on the market itself. We should not forget that Harvard continues to have a direct impact on the ability of Cambridge residents to access affordable housing themselves, a problem that has preoccupied the city of Cambridge in the past year.

In an enlightening 2018 report, the Harvard College Open Data Project shows the extent to which the expansion of Harvard in recent years has gone hand in hand with the marginalization and reduction of local communities and in particular communities of color. Harvard, which owned nearly 10 percent of the land in Cambridge and nearly six percent of the land in Allston as of 2018, has seen its landholdings grow by over two and a half times since 2000. At the same time, in the ten years prior to 2018, Cambridge had one of the highest rates of home appreciation in the country, growing at an annual rate of 4.98 percent.

Still more startling, however, is that, controlling for relevant externalities, as Harvard’s endowment and landholdings

have grown, the population of black and low-income residents of Cambridge has declined.

While Harvard last year pledged $20 million to support affordable housing

Harvard’s student housing does not operate in a vacuum. in the Greater Boston area, its gentrifying influence on Cambridge continues to concern us and, no doubt, the community bearing the brunt of the effects.

None of our concerns about Harvard’s adverse effects on its neighbors is meant to downplay the challenges that graduate students face or the extent to which the University’s financial prerogatives seem to be pitted against its oft-overlapping student and labor bodies.

Still, we hope that our internal debates at Harvard — especially those that deal with issues of equity, land use, community impact, diversity and inclusion, and livelihood — are thoroughly contextualized within the broader issues that affect Cambridge and all its inhabitants.

This staff editorial solely represents the majority view of The Crimson Editorial Board. It is the product of discussions at regular Editorial Board meetings. In order to ensure the impartiality of our journalism, Crimson editors who choose to opine and vote at these meetings are not involved in the reporting of articles on similar topics.

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Update Available: Rethink Tech in Class

By KAIVAN K. SHROFF

T

he email from former U.N. Ambassador Samantha Power came into my inbox at 8:09 p.m. “Hi Kaivan - please don’t be on your phone in class - it is super distracting to your classmates, your profs, and — above all — to you! really important. Thanks!” I was in DPI 535: “Making Change When Change is Hard,” a Harvard Kennedy School course the Ambassador was teaching with her husband, famed legal scholar Cass R. Sunstein ’75. I was embarrassed, as the class had a no technology policy. I responded immediately, apologizing, assuring Ambassador Power that it wouldn’t happen again, and noting that just five minutes before class, then-Attorney General Jeff Sessions had resigned — a significant moment for anyone focused on change-making and the fight for justice.

Last week I was reminded of that email, in the first session of my Constitutional Law course, when our professor noted that she bans the use of electronics in class, citing “the pedagogy.”

The professor told us how exciting the course would be this semester given the relevance of the ongoing impeachment hearings — and encouraged us to keep up with the news. Ironically, impeachment proceedings were literally ongoing this week, including during our 1-3 p.m. class timeslot.

As an online influencer in the progressive political space, I volunteer my time to help the Democratic National Convention, leading presidential candi-

It’s not just a huge disadvantage for someone with illegible handwriting.

It’s infantilizing and counterproductive. dates, and others amplify key messages surrounding the Trump administration in real-time. Harvard Law professors, politicians, journalists, and celebrities engage with my content directly.

As a student at the Kennedy School and the Law School, experiencing the first impeachment of my adult life in this participatory way is a rare and educa-

tional opportunity. While it’s important to pay attention in class, spending five minutes of a two-hour-long session reviewing and responding to highlights of the hearings not only allows me to make important connections that will serve me in my legal career (something the Law School should support), but it also allows me to consider the ideas we are learning in a course such as Constitutional Law against an urgent real-world backdrop.

These anti-technology classroom policies are not unique cases. At my MBA program at the Yale School of Management, at the Harvard Kennedy School, and now at Harvard Law School, I’ve been banned from using any technology in many classes, even to take notes. It’s not just a huge disadvantage for someone with illegible handwriting. It’s infantilizing and counterproductive.

It’s true — I made a choice to be a student, and some could argue if I wanted to keep pace with the real world, I should have chosen to work instead. However, this logic is flawed because it undervalues the powerful potential of digital access in the classroom. The first, which I described above, is the discretion that technology affords ambitious, busy multi-taskers to attend to occasional external urgent matters — personal or professional — while still being present and learning in class.

There are also ways technology amplifies even the internal procedures and substance of classes. Allowing students to use technology in the classroom as they would in reality not only creates more time for critical discussion, but greatly expands the level of information and accuracy that can be brought into those discussions.

Students and professors won’t spend five minutes searching page by page for that specific Justice Elena Kagan reference in a 100-page Supreme Court opinion — someone will ⌘F the key phrase and the class will move on with the conversation.

A loosely remembered relevant source no longer stays on the tip of the tongue, but is confirmed with quick research and shared to enrich the class discussion. Foolish questions neither go unanswered, nor do they waste valuable class time — a win-win for everyone paying thousands of dollars for a single

course.

Perhaps a more widely accepted argument is that banning technology forces students to learn in an antediluvian way.

This outdated learning mode will never mirror the practice mode of the digital age. We won’t memorize the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure — we’ll Google them. We won’t write out Bayes’ Theorem from memory and “plug and chug”

This outdated learning mode will never mirror the practice mode of the digital age.

— the process will be automated.

I’ve already experienced this generational shift. When I was in elementary school, cursive was being phased out.

In undergrad, I took notes exclusively on my laptop.

I’m used to a multi-sensory learning environment of PowerPoint slides and online in-class polls that enhance discussions. That’s the future of education.

In a world where all information is at our fingertips, application beats memorization every time.

I’m not necessarily surprised that graduate schools are slow to adjust to this tech-friendly future, but I was shocked that many of my peers are too.

In my MBA program, many of my classmates, roughly 28 years old on average, were supportive of laptops being banned.

They cited the same reasons as Ambassador Power — they were “distracted.” Having come of age in an era of immersive tech, I couldn’t imagine people with the lofty goals of my business school peers succeeding if they were so readily thrown off by a dimly lit screen and some low-decibel typing in the row in front of them.

We are adults, in our twenties, at an elite graduate school program, paying for education — it’s our time. To be regulated on our access to technology, including to the outside world, is reductive and juvenile. At the risk of sounding crass, I was responsible and focused enough to get into Harvard — trust me to make the right choices for my own education.

—Kaivan K. Shroff is a second-year joint-degree student at the Harvard Kennedy School and Harvard Law School.

Gabrielle T. Langkilde PASEFIKA PRESENCE

I

come from a lineage of geniuses.

My Samoan ancestors were so intelligent that they figured out how to sail across the Pacific using only the stars as their guide. Can you imagine that? People nowadays can barely get from point A to point B without Google Maps dictating each and every step that they’re supposed to take.

The genius of my Samoan ancestors is still evident in the elders and the youth of my Samoan community.

My cousins and I sit on the floor of the faleo’o and absorb the wisdom passed onto us by our grandfather, as he practices the sacred tradition of oral history and storytelling — tracing our family tree generations back and recounting memories that are not even his own.

When it comes time to practice and perform the traditional dances of the siva, sasa, and

My Samoan ancestors were so intelligent that they figured out how to sail across the Pacific using only the stars as their guide. Can you imagine that? fa’ataupati, the village youth perfect each careful movement with ease, naturally remaining in sync with each other to every beat of the pate. Though I come from a lineage and community of geniuses, this secret was kept from me.

In school, they did not teach me about the ingenuity of my Polynesian ancestors and their ancient art of navigation. Instead, they taught about great explorers like Christopher Columbus who sailed to what is now the Americas but initially thought he was in the East Indies.

Oral history and storytelling was merely a fun hobby because my school taught me that in order to be considered valid and sophisticated storytelling had to follow a rigid five-paragraph structure with advanced English vocabulary.

And with all of the stereotypes about our people as nothing more than “dumb jocks” because of our statistically low SAT/ACT scores but statistically high probability of making it into the NFL, I never considered the physically instinctive synchronization with my peers in our traditional dances as a form of intelligence.

The American school system, curriculum, and methodologies for measuring intelligence do not capture the genius of my community. Instead, they completely erase it and brainwash us into thinking that there exists only one way of knowing. American primary, secondary, and higher education systems are some of the strongest instruments of colonial domination to suppress indigenous ways of knowing.

American-style schools distort or more often than not completely refuse to teach our histories.

This is evident in that history textbooks mention indigenous people as being “discovered” or that elite universities such as Harvard refuse to institute ethnic studies departments.

Additionally, the American education system’s measurements for intelligence rely on so-called “objective” tests that disadvantage students whose first language is not English and whose imaginations cannot be contained by rigid pro-

Instead, they completely erase it and brainwash us into thinking that there exists only one way of knowing.

American primary, secondary, and higher education systems are some of the strongest instruments of colonial domination to suppress indigenous ways of knowing. cesses taught in the classroom. I realize the privilege and hypocrisy from which I speak, being a student at Harvard — the ivory tower of prestige and white-washed education.

Every time I go home, it saddens me to see my own community put me on a pedestal because of my acceptance into this institution. The romanticization of Western education only further devalues our own ways of knowing and reifies whitewashed education systems.

As my senior year approaches and I start thinking about my senior thesis, I continue to struggle with the idea that I must follow specific, concentration-approved methodologies and processes in order to produce valid knowledge about my own community.

Is this not the ultimate betrayal of my community and my ingenious ancestors that came before me? Some say that my presence at an institution such as this is a positive sign of progress and increase of Pacific Islander representation on campus. But if that is the case, why do I feel like my presence here only reaffirms the erasure of my people?

I understand that sometimes an education is the best route, both for personal upward mobility and for greater representation and visibility of a community. But the best option for my community, as well as other indigenous communities, should not be something that simultaneously erases it.

—Gabrielle T. Langkilde ’21, a Crimson Editorial editor, is a joint concentrator in Sociology and Studies of Women, Gender, and Sexuality in Eliot House.

Her column appears on alternate Fridays.

PAGE 7

THE HARVARD CRIMSON | FEBRUARY 7, 2020

Datamatch Growing, Now Matchmakes at 26 Schools

By FIONA K. BRENNAN CRIMSON STAFF WRITER

Datamatch — a free matchmaking service run by Harvard students — doubled in size this year, and is scheduled to open at 12:01 a.m. on Friday morning at colleges across the United States and Canada.

Datamatch participants answer an online survey, and a “top secret” algorithm provides them with matches on the morning of Valentine’s Day. Unique to Harvard’s Datamatch is an option for paired students to get free food from a local restaurant. This year, several restaurants in Harvard Square — including BerryLine, Black Sheep Bagel, Amorino, and the recently opened Kung Fu Tea — have partnered with Datamatch to offer free food to paired students.

The matchmaking service was started by Harvard students in 1994 and — except for a pause in 1997 — has served Harvard students every year since then.

In 2018, Datamatch expanded to three additional schools, and in 2019, Datamatch became available at 13 schools.

This year, the service will be offered at 26 schools — and make its international debut at McGill University.

According to Theodore T. Liu ’20, one of the presidents — or “Supreme Cupids” — of Datamatch, other schools assemble their own small Datamatch teams so they can tailor the survey toward their colleges.

“We usually have around two to five people at each school that’s helping out both with writing questions that are kind of specific to the school and the inside jokes — they know the culture of the school — as well as kind of being that publicity person over there,” Liu, a former Crimson Technology chair, said.

Madison I. Richmond, a sophomore at New York University, said in an interview that she saw Datamatch on a friend’s social media, and discovered — a mere four days before this year’s launch — that NYU was not one of the schools that offered the matching survey.

“I went on the website, and I found the emails, and I just kind of typed in all caps: WE WANT DATAMATCH AT NYU,” Richmond said.

In just three days, she and one other student put together NYU-specific survey questions just in time for this year’s launch.

“For me it was really about the fun of it, kind of the jokes, the buzz, bringing something

MADISON A. SHIRAZI—CRIMSON DESIGNER

new,” Richmond said. “I think it’s really awesome the way that technology can connect people on our campus, especially because NYU is so big and it doesn’t really have a campus.”

Though NYU only joined Datamatch a few days ago, Liu and the other “Supreme Cupid,”

Ryan Y. Lee ’20, said that the Harvard team has been meeting since October.

“It’s always a full school year process. Even in September we’re already trying to form teams and get the word out about Datamatch,” Lee said.

The five Datamatch teams

— web, algorithm, design, stats, and business — each focus on a different component of the project. On Valentine’s Day, when Datamatch participants are given their results, this year’s Cupids conclude months of work on the project — which saw its biggest expansion to date.

“Across other schools, we do want to provide that same excitement and joy that we’ve been able to capture here for the past 25 plus years,” Lee said.

“Just kind of get them in on the fun.” fiona.brennan@thecrimson.com

BOARD FROM PAGE 1

A Look Back at Previous Board of Overseers Campaigns their own Board of Overseers tickets in the 1980s and 2016, respectively.

Organizers for these groups, however, faced difficulties getting their candidates on the ballot — a challenge that members of Harvard Forward said they are facing today.

STRATEGIC CAMPAIGN

Beginning in 1986, the Harvard-Radcliffe Alumni Against Apartheid group, or the HRAAA, nominated candidates for the Board of Overseers with the goal of electing overseers who would encourage the University to end South African-related investments. Their campaign endorsed candidates for more than five different election cycles. The group succeeded in electing four of its candidates to the Board of Overseers: former Crimson president and current professor of sociology at the University of Wisconsin Gay W. Seidman ’78, current Duke University professor emiritus Peter H. Wood ’64, former legal counsel to the House Energy and Commerce Committee Consuela M. Washington, and then-South African Archbishop Desmond M. Tutu.

Donald M. Solomon, the former executive director of HRAAA, said that the nominating policy changed after the first election the group participated in.

“After the first election — which we ran petition candidates — I do remember Har-

vard changed the requirements and made it more difficult to get candidates on the ballot,” Solomon said.

He said that though he could not recall the exact changes, HRAAA had to work harder to get people on the ballot.

“At that time, we didn’t have online organizing opportunities,” Solomon said. “Whatever we did was mostly through direct mail and that made it expensive to run any sort of petitioning campaign.”

In 1989, Tutu won a seat on the Board of Overseers after petitioning for his nomination. Tutu was a longtime critic of the University’s investment policies in South Africa, and in 1984, he urged Harvard to divest from South Africa-related investments.

In 1991, to make its slate of candidates more competitive and condense its pool of endorsements, the HRAAA only nominated three candidates for the election. Among the candidates HRAA nominated in 1991 was former U.S. President Barack Obama, a fourth-year Harvard Law School student at the time.

“Desmond Tutu was — I think — the most successful [election],” Solomon said. “I think our feeling was that we probably couldn’t duplicate that in terms of having a recognizable big name. Obviously, we knew Barack Obama was a talented person but we didn’t anticipate that he’d become Pres-

ident.”

GOING DIGITAL

2016 brought a controversial campaign and further changes to the eligibility requirements of candidates running for the Board of Overseers.

That spring, a contentious ticket called “Free Harvard, Fair Harvard” – which included former U.S. presidential candidate Ralph Nader – ran for the Board on two central platforms: terminate undergraduate tuition, and scrutinize Harvard’s admissions policy, which the group contended was discriminatory to Asian Americans and antithetical to diversity.

The group also called on Harvard to make more data public about the processes by which the College admits students.

A group of nearly 500 alumni formed to oppose “Free Harvard, Fair Harvard.” The group, called “Coalition for a Diverse Harvard,” denounced the proposals by the campaign.

Former University President Drew G. Faust criticized “Free Harvard, Fair Harvard’s” platform in a 2016 interview with The Crimson, during which she denounced the idea that eliminating the University’s tuition would make Harvard more accessible to students.

After the controversial ticket in 2016, the University increased the number of signatures required to qualify a petition candidate by more than

tenfold. The policies increased the number of requisite signatures from 201 to nearly 3,000 — approximately one percent of the eligible voting population.

The increase was adopted because the necessary number of signatures required to nominate candidates had not changed significantly in over a century, according to a 2016 statement from the University.

“This increase was adopted in view of such factors as the magnitude of alumni support considered appropriate to qualify for the ballot; the fact that in recent years the number of required signatures—just over 200–has been barely more than what was required a century ago, when there were around 20,000 alumni eligible to vote,” the announcement reads.

With the increase in the required number of signatures, the University changed the voting process itself by transitioning to a secure online system to vote for candidates instead of having alumni submit official watermarked forms.

Kenji Yoshino ’91, who served as the president of the Board of Overseers for 2016-2017, said in an announcement at the time that the Board was pleased to move its voting process online.

“We’re pleased to move to online voting, which alumni around the world have asked us to adopt,” Yoshino said in the announcement. “We will make this change as soon as we can put a secure and reliable system

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in place.”

University spokesperson Christopher M. Hennessy wrote in an email Thursday that the school started online voting “to provide greater and easier access for more alumni around the world to participate in the process.”

LOOKING FORWARD

After past insurgent Board of Overseers campaigns drove up nominating thresholds, Harvard Forward faced its own challenges to get its candidates on the ballot.

Each of Harvard Forward’s candidates received more one thousand signatures above the requisite number, according to a press release from the group last week.

“The final signature count, pending verification from the Office of the Governing Boards, consists of nearly 1,400 online signers and more than 3,400 unique in-person signers,” the press release stated. “As each candidate must be nominated individually, the campaign ultimately collected over 20,000 separate signatures.”

Harvard Forward’s Campaign Manager Danielle O. Strasburger ’18 wrote in a press release that the milestone was reached despite alumni difficulty with the online nomination process.

“We reached this milestone despite hundreds of alumni encountering real difficulties with Harvard’s complex online nom-

ination process,” Strasburger wrote in the press release. “By our estimates, almost 1,000 additional alumni were unable to submit their nominations because of the poor design of the system.”

The University is dedicated to assisting the school’s alumni network, Hennessy wrote in an email Thursday.

Eligible voters could submit their signatures either through the online form or a paper document. Strasburger wrote in a press release that Harvard Forward organizers directed their efforts to acquire more paper petitions from alumni.

“Of course, switching our focus toward using paper petitions required that we build and mobilize a large network of volunteers and supporters around the world,” Strasburger wrote.

“They will continue to be the driving force of this campaign as we prepare for the coming election.”

Harvard has received the nomination forms, Hennessy confirmed Saturday. The University will now verify and validate petition submissions over the next two weeks. While waiting for the official confirmation for the group’s petition, Harvard Forward scheduled strategy calls to discuss election and publicity strategies, according to a Thursday email sent to supporters. michelle.kurilla@thecrimson.com ruoqi.zhang@thecrimson.com

SPORTS

WEEKEND EVENT

SCHEDULE

FRIDAY ______________________________________

SATURDAY ______________________________________

SUNDAY ______________________________________

Women’s Ice Hockey vs. No. 2/4 Cornell 5:00pm, Bright-Landry Hockey Center

Men’s Volleyball vs. Mount Olive 2:00pm, Malkin Athletic Center

Women’s Water Polo vs. St. Francis 9:15 am, Blodgett Pool

Men’s Basketball @ Yale 5:00pm, Payne Whitney Gymnasium

Women’s Basketball vs. Brown 4:00pm, Lavietes Pavilion

Men’s and Women’s Squash @ Yale 1:00 pm, Brady Squash Center

MEN’S WRESTLING

Suspense Reigns as Harvard Falls to Princeton, Penn

By NICHOLAS DALEY CRIMSON STAFF WRITER

In front of passionate home crowds in the Malkin Athletic Center, Harvard wrestling (18, 1-5 EIWA) dropped two difficult matches against league rivals Princeton and Penn.

Up against the 16th-ranked Tigers on Friday night, the Crimson was energized and showed no signs of backing down. Although Harvard found itself down early after a clinical performance from Princeton’s Pat Glory, number three in the nation at 125 pounds, who started off the evening with a pin, the competition was far from over.

In the third match, junior Lukus Stricker came up with a major victory, coming from behind in the final period to beat Princeton’s Marshall Keller 8-6.

Senior Aaron Kruk followed him up by holding on for a tight 3-1 victory at 149 to bring the match to 9-6.

With a chance to even the match, senior captain Hunter Ladnier took the mat to face Quincy Monday, the fourthranked 157-pounder in the nation.

“That was a big match,” Harvard coach Jay Weiss said. “It didn’t start out great - Hunter got down, but he just kept at it.

That was one of the best matches I’ve seen Hunter wrestle.”

Late in the third period, with Monday barely clinging to a lead and appearing fatigued, Princeton challenged a takedown near the edge of the mat, giving Monday an extra two points, and — more importantly — a chance to rest.

Ladnier scored a late takedown to bring the score within one, but ran out of time, los­

ing 9-8. Tempers flared, with one Crimson coach yelling and shoving his finger in the direction of the Princeton bench, but the Tigers had already secured a six point cushion, a lead they wouldn’t give up for the rest of the match.

Harvard’s pair of Freshman phenoms, No. 17 165 Phil Conigliaro — a Massachusetts native wrestling in front of a number of his high school coaches and teammates — and No. 10 Heavyweight Yaraslau Slavikowsi, took care of business as usual, each securing comfortable decisions. Princeton nonetheless pulled away for a 27-12 victory.

The next night against Penn, Stricker almost secured another big win for the Crimson to start things off, but the Quakers’ 19th-ranked 141 Doug Zapf stole a 3-2 win in the final seconds.

Penn secured a major decision in the 149 bout, but a strong 14-1 major from Ladnier followed by a comfortable 11-4 victory for Conigliaro tied the match at an even 7-7.

The Crimson continued to stay within arms length thanks to wins by Mike Doggett and Slavikowski. But with Harvard down by six and needing wins in its final two bouts to avoid the loss, Penn’s national No. 8 125 Michael Colaiocco proved to be too much, earning a major decision that put the Crimson away for good.

It has been a season of ups and downs so far for the Crimson. The team has racked up three individual tournament wins (two from Conigliaro and one from Ladnier) and 17 topeight finishes overall, and posted an impressive team showing at the prestigious Midlands Tournament, finishing 15th in a

PINNED DOWN Harvard’s wrestling team fell to Princeton and Penn this past weekend. Despite a lack of success in dual meets, the Crimson has amassed impressive performances at tournaments, including three individual wins and 17 top-eight finishes. ZING GEE—CRIMSON PHOTOGRAPHER

field of 35 that included five of the top ten teams in the nation and ten of the top 25.

But Harvard has also found wins hard to come by in dual meets, hobbled by injuries and unable to compete with the deep lineups of some of the best teams in the nation, like No. 4 Arizona State and No. 11 Iowa State. Despite its losing record,

the Crimson have reason to feel optimistic about their year thanks to the starpower of a team built for postseason tournaments.

“Our young guys are competing hard and at a high level, obviously with two guys ranked in the top 15, but I think there’s more to it,” Weiss said. We’re obviously a better tournament

team, just with our lineup the way it is right now… I like where we’re at.”

With a weekend off from competition coming up, Harvard is in the midst of their most difficult week of training as they look forward to finishing the dual season strong and delivering at EIWAs. But their season likely won’t

end there; in Conigliaro and Slavikowski, they have a chance to make a splash on college wrestling’s biggest stage.

“The goal is obviously to win a title, to place in the NCAA tournament, to be an All-American,” Weiss said. “That’s on their mind for sure.” nicholas.daley@thecrimson.com

TENNIS

Harvard Captures Commanding Wins on Home Courts

By DAVID ALEY CRIMSON STAFF WRITER

On Super Bowl Sunday, the Harvard men’s and women’s tennis teams were far from focused on the primetime event later in the day. On their minds was the goal to rattle off more victories and keep the momentum going into later crucial matchups. And the focus paid off, as the Crimson teams dominated their competition in quick fashion. ­

Harvard’s women tennis team (3-1, 0-0 Ivy League) faced off against UMass-Amherst in a Sunday morning contest and earned a clean 4-0 sweep. The match started off with two wins on the doubles court, with a duo of senior captain Natasha Gonzalez and sophomore Rachel Lim winning their matchup 6-4, and the pairing of two firstyears, Kayla Leschly and Mihaela Marculescu, also defeating another UMass duo 6-0.

“We’ve been trying out some new teams and we put in some first-years which is exciting,” said Gonzalez of the doubles pairings. “Definitely going to keep working on [our doubles play], but it’s really exciting to see all of the success.”

The success kept coming on the singles court, where senior captain Lexi Milunovich rapidly took down her opponent in straight sets, 6-0, 6-0. Gonzalez followed up with a victory, but

it was freshman Sophia Ho who eventually secured the Crimson triumph, winning against her opponent, 6-2, 6-0.

“Our team is very young, so it’s nice to see everyone stepping up. It obviously bodes well for future years as well,” Gonzalez said.

The captain also noted that, because of the experience gained from the fall matches and the time the team has spent together off the court since the

PERFECT SEASON The men’s tennis team remained undefeated after victories against both Rice and Bryant. Harvard swept Rice 7-0 before blanking Bryant 4-0. The Crimson’s 6-0 record marks the first time it has achieved such a start since 1931. ZING GEE—CRIMSON PHOTOGRAPHER

start of the school year, the squad has grown very close, making it much easier to stay focused and keep rattling off victories.

“We’re still taking everything match-by-match, and everyone has certain little things in their game that they’re working on improving,” Gonzalez said.

Next up for the Harvard women is the ECAC tournament in New York City, where they look to continue their hot streak coming in as the number one seed.

The Crimson men (6-0, 0-0 Ivy League) entered Sunday with an abundance of momentum but faced one of their biggest threats yet to their undefeated streak with a home double-header. But even with the extended playing time, Harvard refused to slow down.

Earlier Sunday afternoon, the Crimson men faced off against the Rice University Owls. After dropping doubles in the previous two matches against BYU and Minnesota, Harvard was keen on securing the early point against the Owls.

The duo of first-years Henry von der Schulenberg and junior Robert Wrzesinski defeated a Rice duo in a decisive 6-4 win, and first-year Ronan Jachuck and sophomore Brian Shi helped to secure the point on the first court with a 6-2 win.

“We’ve been trying to be more aggressive at the net and take more chances,” said freshman Alan Yim in regards to doubles play. “I think we’ve also been getting more comfortable with our partners. We’ve been rusty on a few skills, but after this week of practice, our work is starting to show on the court.

Seeing anyone up on a court, especially after winning the doubles point, is a huge confidence booster and takes a lot of pressure off guys.”

The Harvard men continued their dominance through singles play, sweeping every single

matchup en route to a 7-0 win, after Jachucks 6-3, 6-2 win to clinch the match.

“The older guys have been really good mentors to us freshmen. They’ve brought a really high level of energy to practice so that when we go into matches, we’re ready,” Yim said.

Later on in the day, the Crimson faced off against Bryant University. Even with only a modest amount of time between the matches, the Harvard men came out firing.

“We only had an hour break [in between matches], so we just relaxed, had some food, laughed a bit and then went back out on the court to warm-up again,” von der Schulenberg said. “It’s a short break, but it helps to stay focused. Having too long a break can put you off.”

Once again, the Crimson secured the doubles point, this time with a duo of von der Schulenberg and senior captain Logan Weber winning by a score of 6-0, and another pairing of sophomore Steven Sun and sophomore Harris Walker securing the point with a win by a score of 6-2.

Starting off singles play, von der Schulenberg scored the second point for Harvard, finishing with a statement 6-0, 6-1 win, followed by Walker and Jachuck shortly shutting the door on the match with resounding 6-2, 6-0 and 6-2, 6-1 wins, respectively.

“At the start of the season, we wanted to take things matchby-match,” von der Schulenberg said. “But now we’re more motivated and ready to go to Nashville [for the next match] and then the week after we have our ECACs, which has been one of our season goals to win.”

The Crimson look to keep it rolling in the coming weeks, and if the future matches are anything like the past few matches, it is hard to imagine the team slowing down anytime soon. david.aley@thecrimson.com