The Harvard Crimson - Volume CXLVI, No. 50

The Harvard Crimson THE UNIVERSITY DAILY, EST. 1873 | VOLUME CXLVI, NO. 50 | CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS | THURSDAY APRIL 11, 2019

EDITORIAL PAGE 6

NEWS PAGE 4

SPORTS PAGE 8

Harvard Business School must reform capitalism to stay relevant.

Harvard Engineering Dean Francis J. Doyle III is the dean who does it all.

Harvard men’s and women’s tennis start Ivy weekends.

Letter Calls for Tenure Review

By JONAH S. BERGER and MOLLY M. MCCAFFERTY CRIMSON STAFF WRITERS

Hundreds of Harvard students and alumni have signed a letter criticizing Harvard Divinity School’s decision not to grant tenure to Ahmed Ragab, who they say is the first Muslim faculty member at the school to come up for tenure.

The letter — addressed to University President Lawrence S. Bacow, Provost Alan M. Garber ’76, Senior Vice Provost Judith D. Singer, and Faculty of Arts and Sciences Dean Claudine Gay — alleges Ragab is the first scholar at the Divinity School in a decade to be denied a full professorship without receiving a review from an ad hoc tenure committee.

Divinity School spokesperson Michael P. Naughton declined to comment on why Ragab did not receive tenure.

“The School doesn’t comment on individual tenure cases,” Naughton wrote in an emailed statement.

The letter alludes to the findings of the recently completed Presidential Task Force for Inclusion and Belonging that called for a more diverse faculty, arguing that the University ­

Virtual Content Lawsuit Proceeds

has failed to follow through on those findings in denying Ragab tenure.

“The significance of his efforts only become more relevant as the undergraduate population continues to diversify, urging the College to live up to its values of diversity, equity, and inclusion,” the letter reads.

Ragab did not respond to multiple requests for comment.

The letter also highlights accounts of several students who cited Ragab’s ability to connect with minority students through his teaching and mentorship.

“The decision to deny tenure to Professor Ragab thus carries a symbolic weight that will surely affect the aspirations and confidence of undergraduates from marginalized backgrounds for years to come,” the letter states.

The students and alumni specifically cited Ragab’s research in the field of Muslim studies, which they argue is under-represented at the University, writing that he fills a “crucial gap” in scholarship.

They also contend that he is the “most published” of any tenure ­applicant at the

SEE TENURE PAGE 3

AEI Pres. Encourages ‘Love’ at IOP

American Enterprise Institute President Arthur C. Brooks spoke with University Professor Danielle S. Allen at the IOP on Wednesday evening.. MARIAH DIMALALUAN —CRIMSON PHOTOGRAPHER

By JAMES S. BIKALES CRIMSON STAFF WRITER

­ resident of the American EnP terprise Institute and recently appointed Harvard professor of practice Arthur C. Brooks called love the solution to the problem of contempt in American government at an Institute of Politics event Wednesday.

More than 60 people attended the event, which was named after Brooks’s new book “Love

By MOLLY C. MCCAFFERTY CRIMSON STAFF WRITER

CRIMSON STAFF WRITERS

SEE VIRTUAL PAGE 3

Kennedy School posted a video on its Facebook page of Brooks describing the Dalai Lama’s advice to show warm-heartedness even in the face of contempt.

The video garnered more than 11 million views.

“It’s a middle-aged think tank president talking about love that got 11 million views,” he said. “That is absurd. And I thought to myself, there’s a book in this.”

Following the video, Brooks

SEE BROOKS PAGE 4

Bacow Discusses Need for ‘Open Dialogue’ at Council Meeting

SEE PAGE 7

By ALEXANDRA A. CHAIDEZ and LUCY LIU

­ fter years of motions and A hearings, a 2015 lawsuit against Harvard alleging the school failed to closed caption its public online content and provided inaccurate closed captions where they did exist will move forward in federal court.

In the February 2015 complaint, the National Association of the Deaf and four of the organization’s members filed suit in Massachusetts District court, naming the University as well as the College.

The plaintiffs claim that Harvard’s online platforms — including YouTube, iTunes U, Harvard@Home, and the Extension School — frequently fail to provide sufficient captioning for video and audio content in violation of federal law.

Your Enemies.” It began with remarks from Brooks, followed by a discussion moderated by University Professor Danielle S. Allen.

Brooks — who is set to leave AEI and become a professor of the practice of public leadership at the Kennedy School in July — said his book was partially inspired by a question and answer session he had on the same stage two years ago at the JFK Forum.

After the 2017 event, the

searched for solutions to what he calls America’s “love crisis,” which he describes as the growing partisanship and lack of respect among politicians. Advocating for love as the solution to the discord in Washington, Brooks introduced findings from his interdisciplinary study of neuroscience, philosophy, and politics.

“My whole life, I’ve been involved in institutional answers to big problems,” he said. “The revolution doesn’t lie with institutions. The revolution lies in each one of our hearts.”

Allen — who Brooks said he consulted while working on the book — challenged Brooks’s ideas during the discussion period.

“I think it’s too big an ask,” Allen said of Brooks’s suggestion to show love to all of one’s political adversaries. She cited Aristotle’s ideas of performing friendship regardless of how you feel about someone, which she called more “fair” to ask of people than love.

At one point during the event, Brooks used the term “Kumbaya” to show that current efforts to foster civility are lacking. Allen, however, challenged Brooks’s argument.

“Our everyday language is a carrier of contempt and my

One of AODS’s flyers is posted outside near Lamont Library regarding edibles. CHRISTIE HUNG—CONTRIBUTING PHOTOGRAPHER

University President Lawrence S. Bacow solicited the Faculty Council’s opinions on how to “foster more open dialogue” on campus at the Council’s bimonthly meeting Wednesday, Council member David L. Howell said.

According to Howell, Bacow told the Council — the Faculty of Arts and Sciences’s highest governing body — that a lack of respectful conversations on campus in recent months has become a major “campus climate” issue. Howell said Bacow cited an incident at the Harvard Kennedy School last week in which roughly 30 protestors interrupted an event featuring Bacow and Graduate School of Education Dean Bridget Terry Long.

At the event, students from two campaigns — Divest Harvard and the Harvard Prison Divestment Campaign — chanted and lofted signs in the John F. Kennedy, Jr. Forum, calling for Harvard to divest its nearly $40 billion endowment from

companies related to the fossil fuel industry and the United States prison system. Six of the students sat down on the stage.

After Bacow and Kennedy School Dean Douglas W. Elmendorf failed to convince the students to move to the back of the room so that Bacow and Long could continue their presentation, administrators and some audience members left the forum, continuing the event in a nearby classroom to a smaller audience.

Bacow told the Council that he was “concerned” and “disappointed” by the incident, Howell said.

“I think until now his sense was that, however much we may disagree with one another, that we gave each other the chance to speak,” Howell said.

“He wasn’t able to speak at all, even after the protestors were acknowledged, and their right to protest was acknowledged, and they were asked to then let him speak on the topic at hand at that meeting.”

Howell said the Council agreed that the incident was “not desirable,” though some

members noted a lack of trust between administrators and students may have led the protestors to “assume a kind of malice on the part of their interlocutors.”

“I don’t think we reached any solutions, but he expressed concern about finding ways of having dialogue and mutual trust, I guess that maybe has weakened, maybe not even particularly at Harvard but in our society in general,” Howell said.

Bacow also pointed the Council members towards his recent op-ed in The Crimson addressing the incident at the forum, in which he wrote the students’ protest was an effort to “obstruct the rights” of himself, Long, and audience members.

Ilana A. Cohen ’22, a member of Divest Harvard, previously said in an interview with The Crimson immediately after the Thursday event that an open dialogue between administrators and students calling for divestment is vital to upholding the University’s position as a

SEE MEETING PAGE 4

Scientists Capture First Image of Black Hole

By JULIET E. ISSELBACHER and ISABEL L. ISSELBACHER CRIMSON STAFF WRITERS

A research group led by a Harvard scientist unveiled the first-ever image of a black hole Wednesday morning, drawing praise from both the scientific community and the general public.

The Event Horizon Telescope group, led by Shep S. Doeleman, the assistant director for observation at Harvard’s Black Hole Institute, presented the historic picture at 9:07 am EST, along with scientists a various parallel press conferences around the world.

The image marked the culmination of years of work undertaken by a team of 200 sci­

GORDON HALL

INSIDE THIS ISSUE

HMS’s Gordon Hall sits across the HMS quadrangle.

JONATHAN YUAN—CONTRIBUTING PHOTOGRAPHER

Harvard Today 2

News 3

Editorial 6

Sports 8

entists in 59 institutes across 18 countries. The project, to which other scientists at Harvard’s Black Hole Institute also contributed, drew on data collected by eight telescopes whose locations range from Hawaii to the South Pole.

Scientists had long struggled to capture a photograph of a black hole — a region of space with a gravitational pull so strong that not even light can escape it. The image revealed Wednesday is comprised of a glowing orange ring on a black background.

“This particular galaxy has a jet that emanates from the vicinity of the black hole,” said Abraham “Avi” Loeb, the

TODAY’S FORECAST

SEE IMAGE PAGE 7

Scientists revealed the first-ever image of a black hole. PHOTO COURTESY OF EVENT HORIZON TELESCOPE COLLABORATION ET AL

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THE HARVARD CRIMSON |

APRIL 11, 2019

PAGE 2

HARVARD TODAY

For Lunch Ma Po Tofu w/ Beef Roasted Coconut Ginger and Red Curry Chicken Thighs Buttery Grilled Cheddar Sandwich

For Dinner Bourbon Chicken Multigrain Pizza with Mango Salsa Harissa Pork Ribs Ratatouille with Chickpeas

TODAY’S EVENTS Bike Stories!

Cambridge Queen’s Head 7-10 p.m.

IN THE REAL WORLD Disney to Create New Streaming Service

Head to Queen’s Head Pub from 7-10 p.m. today to hear stories about all the amazing (and maybe less amazing) things that can happen to you while travelling by bike. Refreshments will be provided!

Prepare for unlimited Disney movie nights.

Disney has announced that they will launch a new streaming platform called Disney+, which will offer their most beloved movies and franchises. A “Star Wars” spinoff that will go directly to Disney+ — bypassing TV and theaters — has already been approved.

Coversation with Michael Zeldin Institute of Politics 5:30-6:30 p.m.

Head down to the Harvard Undergraduate Legal Committee for a conversation with CNN Legal analyst and Institute of Politics fellow Michael Zeldin about impeachment and the presidency. There will be churros!

Treasury Dept. Cannot Meet House Dems’ Deadline to Release Trump’s Tax Returns

The John W. Weeks Footbridge overlooks the Charles River. QUINN G. PERINI—CONTRIBUTING PHOTOGRAPHER

Is the United States Immigration System Reaching Its Limit?

DAILY BRIEFING

Poker Night Lowell Upper Dining Hall 8-10 p.m.

Show up at Lowell Upper Dining Hall for food, poker, and the chance to win up to $75 of Amazon gift cards.

Absolutely no money is needed to enter, so it’s kind of a win-win situation. Head on over!

Treasury Secretary Steve Mnuchin announced on Wednesday that they will not meet the deadline set by House Democrats to release six years of President Donald Trump’s tax returns. Democrats are preparing for what is anticipated to be a long fight in order to obtain the documents.

Hundreds of students and alumni signed a letter denouncing the University’s decision to deny Harvard Divinity School Professor Ahmed Ragab tenure. The letter states Ragab is the first Muslim professor to be put up for tenure at the Divinity School and that he is the “most published” professor to come up for tenure at the Divinity School in the past two decades. In other news, a judge denied part of Harvard’s motion for judgement in a lawsuit that alleges the University discriminates against people who are deaf and hard of hearing by providing inadequate — and in some cases non-existent — closed captions on its online materials.

As the immigration crisis continues, the United States is beginning to struggle under the influx of refugees and inefficient policies for handling migrants. Officials warn that this might be a breaking point for United States immigration policy.

AROUND THE IVIES DARTMOUTH

The Dartmouth reported that Dartmouth’s Class of 2019 commencement speaker will be Yo-Yo Ma ’76. Throughout his career, he has released more than 90 albums and won 19 Grammy Awards, and since 2006, Yo-Yo Ma has served as a United Nations Messenger of Peace. Ma’s non-profit — Silkroad, which was founded in 1998 — aims to create increased cultural collaboration with musicians around the world by bringing them together. Ma was also a two-time Montgomery Fellow at Dartmouth in winter 2001 and spring 2018. His work earned him the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the National Medal of Arts, the Avery Fischer Prize, the Fred Rogers Legacy award, and honorary degrees from Princeton University and Harvard University.

PRINCETON

Two juveniles, aged 14 and 17, were arrested Tuesday after being spotted lighting a fire in a wooded area near the University, according to the Daily Princetonian. The juveniles were arrested for the four fires caused on campus and one additional fire at the Institute for Advanced study. The fires collectively caused an estimated $1 million in damage. Arson, burglary, and other related charges are pending against two juvenile suspects.

UPENN

Two more Penn students have been diagnosed with mumps, just two weeks after the University announced the first case of mumps on campus, according to the Daily Pennsylvanian. The cases follow an outbreak at nearby Temple University that has sickened at least 140 students. Isolated cases have also been reported at nearby Drexel University, West Chester University, and Penn State University.

THE UNIVERSITY DAILY, EST. 1873

The Harvard Crimson Kristine E. Guillaume President Angela N. Fu Managing Editor Charlie B. Zhu Business Manager

STAFF FOR THIS ISSUE

Associate Managing Editor Jamie D. Halper ’20

Arts Chairs Kaylee S. Kim ’20 Caroline A. Tsai ’20

Design Chairs Elena M. Ramos ’20 Akhil S. Waghmare ’20

Associate Business Manager Amy E. Zhou ’20

FM Chairs Norah M. Murphy ’20 Abigail L. Simon ’20

Multimedia Chairs Kathryn S. Kuhar ’20 Kai R. McNamee ’21

Editorial Chairs Jessenia N. Class ’20 Robert Miranda ’20

Blog Chairs Lorenzo F. Manuali ’21 Trula J. Rael ’21

Technology Chairs Nenya A. Edjah ’20 Theodore T. Liu ’20

Sports Chairs Joseph W. Minatel ’21 Henry Zhu ’20

Copyright 2019, The Harvard Crimson (USPS 236-560). No articles, editorials, cartoons or any part thereof appearing in The Crimson may be reproduced in any form without the express written permission of the President. The Associated Press holds the right to reprint any materials published in The Crimson. The Crimson is a non-profit, independent corporation, founded in 1873 and incorporated in 1967. Second-class postage paid in Boston, Massachusetts. Published Monday through Friday except holidays and during vacations, three times weekly during reading and exam periods by The Harvard Crimson Inc., 14 Plympton St., Cambridge, Mass. 02138 Weather icons made by Freepik, Yannick, Situ Herrera, OCHA, SimpleIcon, Catalin Fertu from flaticon.com is licensed by CC BY 3.0.

Night Editor Michael A. Xie ’20

Design Editors Margot E. Shang ’22

Assistant Night Editors Aidan B. Carey ’21 Michelle G. Kurilla ’22

Photo Editor Mariah Ellen D. Dimalaluan ’21

Story Editors Caroline S. Engelmayer ’20 Angela N. Fu ’20 Kristine E. Guillaume ’20 Jamie D. Halper ’20 Sonia Kim ’20 Luke W. Xu ’20

Editorial Editor Romy Dolgin ’20 Sports Editors Matthew Mu ’22

CORRECTIONS The Harvard Crimson is committed to accuracy in its reporting. Factual errors are corrected promptly on this page. Readers with information about errors are asked to e-mail the managing editor at managingeditor@thecrimson.com.

PAGE 3

THE HARVARD CRIMSON | APRIL 11, 2019

HUHS Director Clarifies Medical Record Policies

By SHERA S. AVI-YONAH and DELANO R. FRANKLIN CRIMSON STAFF WRITERS

­arvard University Health H Services shares undergraduates’ mental health evaluations with College administrators before students go on or return from leaves of absence with their permission, Paul J. Barreira, the outgoing director of HUHS, said in an interview April 1.

Barreira said HUHS provides the College with student health information that factors into administrators’ decisions about placing students on leaves of absence, but that HUHS does not play a “decision-making role.”

“If it is a clinical issue — they’re not always clinical — is to give our opinion about the student’s emotional well-being and ability to function from the clinical point of view,” he said.

Barreira also said HUHS takes into account student confidentiality and said medical staff will only provide student information to the College with students’ permission.

“We only share information if the student says yes or if there is already some agreed upon

communication,” he said.

College policy allows for students to petition for voluntary leaves of absence, though it occasionally requires students to go on involuntary leaves of absence in certain circumstances, including issues of medical safety.

HUHS input is listed as one of several factors in decisions on leaves of absence. Risk assessment, consideration of student conduct, potential for injury, and the feasibility of alternative solutions are also factors according to the College’s handbook.

When students return from a leave, they must petition the College and follow a checklist provided to them by the Administrative Board. When a student returns from medical leave, they must get HUHS approval.

In cases involving student mental health, CAMHS clinicians compile information — including from outside practitioners — about whether the student should return to Harvard. Clinicians also meet with students and evaluate their readiness to return. CAMHS Chief Barbara Lewis then signs off on a letter to the Ad Board summarizing her office’s findings.

After weighing the letter and other factors, the Ad Board then makes a decision about whether to approve the student’s petition to return.

The factors influencing students’ leaves of absence have come under increased scrutiny in recent months.

A December study assigned Harvard — along with every other Ivy League college — a failing grade for its leave of absence policies and concluded that the Ivies “fail students with mental illness.” In particular, the study criticized Harvard’s policies surrounding petitions to return to campus.

Harvard is also facing a complaint filed with the United States Department of Education alleging its decision to place former undergraduate Ty Pelton-Byce ’20 on mandatory leave constituted disability-based discrimination.

Alicia Pelton, Pelton-Byce’s mother, alleged in the complaint that Harvard administrators considered her son’s depression as a negative factor when deciding whether to put him on a leave of absence and during a review of his case. shera.avi-yonah@thecrimson.com delano.franklin@thecrimson.com

VIRTUAL FROM PAGE 1

Virtual Education Lawsuit To Continue in Fed. Court The initial complaint alleges that Harvard’s “denial” of its content “to deaf and hard of hearing persons” violates the 1973 U.S. Rehabilitation Act — a disability civil rights law prohibiting discrimination from institutions that receive federal financial assistance — and Title III of the Americans with Disabilities Act, a statute that prohibits disability discrimination in places of public accommodation.

After NAD requested that Harvard add captioning, Harvard did so for only “a fraction of such content, and even then inadequately,” the complaint stated. By failing to provide adequate captioning, Harvard “deprives” deaf and hard of hearing persons of benefits from its online content, according to the complaint. On March 28, Federal Judge Katherine A. Robertson denied part of a June 2018 motion from Harvard for judgement in the case.

The University had argued in a memorandum that the plaintiff’s argument was “overreaching” and based off a “broad” reading of federal disability laws. Harvard’s memorandum — among other legal arguments

College Sophomore Arrested for Assault

By DELANO R. FRANKLIN and EMA R. SCHUMER CRIMSON STAFF WRITERS

­ arvard University Police DeH partment officers arrested and charged a College sophomore with disorderly conduct, assault and battery, and assault and battery on a police officer after a violent altercation in and near Pforzheimer House late Saturday night.

The student, James L. Walkingstick ’21, was allegedly “highly intoxicated” when he knocked on the door of Pforzheimer resident tutor Erik C. Nook, according to the police report. Walkingstick then allegedly choked and punched Nook, who then called HUPD, the report states.

One of the responding officers, Mark J. Donahue, wrote in the report that Walkingstick attacked him and another HUPD officer, James Leahy, Jr., after they tried to speak with Walkingstick.

The officers arrested Walkingstick, who was subsequently transported to Mount Auburn Hospital to undergo evaluation, according to the report.

Walkingstick disputed some of the language and narrative in the report in an emailed statement to The Crimson, and wrote that he originally intended to seek help from Nook.

“My initial interactions with Mr. Nook were not malicious, but rather rooted in seeking help because of my intoxi-

cation. My intoxication blurred the situation when confrontation occurred,” Walkingstick wrote. “I did not initially provoke the officers, but they instead approached me to help based on what I have been told

by HUPD. Confrontation led to the struggle. I was intoxicated but did not have drugs in my system, affirmed by a toxicology report.”

Walkingstick wrote that the charges against him were “addressed and resolved” and that

My initial interactions with Mr. Nook were not malicious but rather rooted in seeking help because of my intoxication.

My intoxication blurred the situation when confrontation occured.

James L. Walkingstick ’21 College Student

he has been in communication with Harvard officials to determine the next steps.

Whether Walkingstick will face further disciplinary action remains unclear. Though Walkingstick wrote that the charges were resolved, a hear-

ing on the case is scheduled for May 8 at the Cambridge District Court.

College spokesperson Rachael Dane declined to comment on behalf of Harvard, Nook, and the College administrators who were first notified of the arrest. She cited the College’s policy of not commenting on individual students.

HUPD Spokesperson Steven G. Catalano also declined to comment, referring to the department’s policy not to comment on pending cases.

The police report states Nook told HUPD that Walkingstick banged on his door Saturday night. After he opened the door, Walkingstick “choked him around his neck and also punched him.” A recording of Nook’s call with a HUPD dispatcher includes clear audio of Nook yelling and violently struggling with Walkingstick, according to the police report.

Walkingstick wrote that he had “no relationship with Mr. Nook, rather than knowing him to be a tutor,” in his email to The Crimson.

Nook told HUPD officers that he was “familiar” with Walkingstick, according to the police report.

The report does not detail what happened immediately after the altercation in Pforzheimer. Donahue and Leahy received a report of a “male bleeding” near Pforzheimer and located Walkingstick on Linnaean Street with “fresh

red abrasions on the cheekbone and jaw of his face,” according to the report. Walkingstick walked toward the officers, who noted that he was intoxicated and tried to speak with him.

Walkingstick then immediately attacked the two officers, who wrestled him to the ground and contained him while he continued to fight, according to the report.

Moments later, HUPD Sergeant James Pignone arrived on the scene and helped handcuff Walkingstick, who was then arrested and medically transported.

Walkingstick wrote in his statement to The Crimson that he sustained the injuries on his face after falling while seeking help.

He also criticized the language of the police report, writing that the use of words such as “attacked” to characterize his behavior was inappropriate. He wrote that he was instead “distressed and seeking help.”

Leahy and Donahue filed additional reports stating they sustained minor injuries after falling to the ground in their altercation with Walkingstick.

Pignone verified Leahy’s injuries in a separate report and wrote that he believes the payment of worker’s compensation for the injuries would be appropriate if requested. delano.franklin@thecrimson.com ema.schumer@thecrimson.com

Harvard, from the Law School to Longwood.

The Crimson thecrimson.com

— claimed that the school’s online content should not be considered a “public accomodation” and that the plaintiffs did not establish that the online content was offered for the purposes of the Rehabilitation Act. Harvard also requested the Court rule that the laws do not apply to third party content posted on Harvard’s websites. Though the March ruling denied part of Harvard’s request, it ruled that University could not be held responsible for captions on third party content.

University spokesperson Nate Herpich declined to comment on the ongoing litigation but wrote in an emailed statement that Harvard is committed to making its online media more accessible.

“Expanding access to knowledge and making online content accessible is of vital importance to Harvard, and the University remains committed to advancing these efforts,” Herpich wrote.

The March ruling marks the second time Harvard has failed to convince a judge to bring the case to a close. After the case was first opened, the University filed a motion to dismiss or stay

in May 2015. In a memorandum written in support of the motion to dismiss, the University claimed that NAD “stretched” the statues of the Rehabilitation Act, as well as Title III of the Americans with Disabilities Act Harvard’s filings argued these statues did not necessarily require institutions which receive federal funding to locate and caption content, remove any content without captions, or refrain from publishing any content without captions. The filings also stressed what it stated were the logistical and academic consequences of NAD’s interpretation of the law.

“Far from making existing online content more accessible to all, this one-size-fits-all, ‘caption or remove’ approach threatens to degrade the quantity, quality, and ready availability of scholarly and other online content,” Harvard’s filings read.

A judge eventually denied Harvard’s motion to dismiss. A similar lawsuit was filed by the NAD against the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 2015, which is also ongoing.­ alexandra.chaidez@thecrimson.com lucy.liu@thecrimson.com

TENURE FROM PAGE 1

Letter Opposes Prof.

Tenure Rejection Divinity School in at least the past two decades.

“Denying him tenure reflects on the University’s tendency to resist supporting institutional access to resources for students to engage substantively with Muslim-American and Critical Muslim Studies,” they wrote.

We wonder if the need for faculty diversity will ever move beyond recognition and mainfest in real hiring practices Letter to President Bacow

Ragab and his wife, Kirkland House Resident Dean Soha Bayoumi, have not shied away from vocal advocacy during their time on campus. The duo was arrested in Boston in 2017 during a protest against President Donald Trump’s decision to end Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals, an Obamaera program that protects undocumented individuals who had been brought to the United States as children from deportation.

In the letter, students wrote

that FAS should review Ragab for tenure “to ensure a fair review.” Though Ragab is also an affiliate of the Department of History and Science, he does not hold a permanent appointment in FAS and is thus not eligible for its tenure-track process.

The outcry over Ragab’s tenure denial is the second time this year that activists have criticized the University’s decision-making in its tenure procedures.

In February, students and alumni sent multiple letters to Bacow after the loss of two tenure-track professors who specialize in Asian-American studies, Associate Professor of Education Natasha K. Warikoo and Assistant Professor of History Genevieve A. Clutario. Warikoo left the University after she was not put up for tenure, and Clutario accepted a position at Wellesley for the coming academic year.

The letter connects Ragab’s departure to those earlier departures.

“We wonder if the need for faculty diversity will ever move beyond recognition and manifest in real hiring practices,” the letter reads. jonah.berger@thecrimson.com molly.mccafferty@thecrimson.com

THE HARVARD CRIMSON |

APRIL 11, 2019

PAGE 4

Francis J. Doyle III: The Dean Who Does It All

By RUTH A. HAILU and AMY L. JIA CRIMSON STAFF WRITERS

­ rancis J. Doyle III began his F tenure as dean of the School of Engineering and Applied Sciences with a lot on his plate.

It was 2015, and the school had only just announced that roughly two-thirds of SEAS faculty members — mostly from the Computer Science, Biomedical Engineering, and Mechanical Engineering departments — would relocate across the river to a soon-to-be-built campus in Allston.

But SEAS was expanding internally too. Harvard’s youngest school had ended the previous academic year with its highest number of concentrators to date — 832 undergraduates — and now had to contend with increased demands on faculty members and teaching staff.

Despite the formidable challenges that loomed before him, Doyle said he was excited to take the helm of SEAS at a time when the school was on a “dynamic.”

“To move to another place and hold an institution at steady state in some position — even if it’s a high position — is not nearly as exciting,” he said in a February interview. “Being part of change and the dynamic associated with program evolution is really exciting for me as an administrator.”

In the three years since Doyle assumed deanship at SEAS, he has overseen a number of projects and initiatives, including finalizing plans for the impending expansion into Allston, supporting efforts to promote diversity at SEAS, and strengthening the school’s industry ties and partnerships with local corporations.

From his time at University of California, Santa Barbara as

BROOKS FROM PAGE 1

Brooks Calls for ‘Love’ at IOP example is Kumbaya,” said Allen, who is African American.

“You used it just now contemptuously. When I hear that, I hear my culture being disrespected.”

“Well, I’m obviously not going to say that anymore,” Brooks responded.

Kennedy School student Janice S. Tolbert said the event offered “practical insight on engaging in civil disagreement.”

“I appreciated the point about finding moral consensus with those you disagree with,” she added. ­

james.bikales@thecrimson.com

COUNCIL FROM PAGE 1

Bacow Meets with Faculty “responsible institutional actor.”

“We think it’s essential that the administration is actually willing to engage with us in a dialogue,” Cohen said at the time. “It’s very different to simply put out positions, or make points in articles to The Crimson than it is to actually engage your students in conversation around an issue that is so pertinent.”

The Council also heard a proposal from the Systems Biology Ph.D. program to change its name to Systems, Synthetic, and Quantitative Biology.

The content of the program — which is run by the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences and draws faculty from FAS and Harvard Medical School — will not change. Rather, the program proposed the change to “better [reflect] the variety of fields in which faculty and students work,” according to Howell. molly.mccafferty@thecrimson.com

a professor, researcher, and director, to his time here at Harvard as dean, Doyle’s colleagues have consistently praised his ability to prioritize students and mentorship while also balancing administrative commitments.

John H. Abel, a postdoctoral fellow who was advised by Doyle at UCSB and Harvard, said in an interview December that Doyle’s mentorship has extended beyond the scientific aspects of his work.

“I feel like I got a lot out of his scientific training, but I also got a lot out of the kind of training that he gave me on not just how to conduct science, but how to be a conscientious member of the scientific community,” Abel said.

EMERGING AS A LEADER

Prior to his tenure as dean of SEAS, Doyle served as the associate dean for research at the UCSB’s College of Engineering and the chair of the school’s Chemical Engineering department.

Doyle said in an interview November that his training and teaching experiences over the course of his career have exposed him to an “interesting mix of styles and models for programs.”

Through these experiences, he observed firsthand “how leadership was more effective and less effective in various circumstances, how to balance faculty governance with central administration, and how to prioritize the needs of the students in the classroom” — lessons that, in turn, influenced his approach as dean of SEAS. In particular, Doyle said his time directing the Sansum Diabetes Research Institute in Santa Barbara, Calif., gave him the sense that facilitating the careers of younger faculty mem-

bers “was where my passion or my energy would lie.”

“I truly derive more pleasure in seeing that I can help direct resources for younger faculty who are in startup mode to get their program launched than any of the excitement associated with getting a grant in my lab,” Doyle said.

Bioengineering Professor Samir Mitragotri, who worked with Doyle at UCSB, said in a December interview that he has witnessed Doyle grow into an effective leader over the 15 years he has known him.

“He emerged as a leader largely through his unique skills in coalescing people around teams that connect people,” Mitragotri said. “What he was really good at is talking to people who are doing different things, their own work, but identifying a common theme that connects all of them.”

BALANCING RESEARCH AND DEANSHIP

Often, when transitioning from professorship to deanship, professors give up their research activities. Doyle, however, still actively conducts research in his lab on campus to generate an “artificial pancreas,” which is currently in clinical trials.

“In some regards, that couldn’t be put on hold,” Doyle said, regarding his decision to maintain his lab. “There’s a medical need, there’s a human need, and we had to go full steam ahead to continue to do that.”

Doyle’s prowess as a leader also manifests in his management of his lab, according to two former lab members.

Abel, who began working under Doyle at UCSB in January 2014 and followed him to Harvard in 2015, said one of his main reasons for choosing Doyle’s lab was that it seemed

“exceptionally well-run.” He added that many former lab members shared very positive stories about working with Doyle.

“All of them had remarkably kind things to say — not just about Frank, the scientist, but also about Frank, the person, and especially Frank, the leader of the group,” he said.

Eyal Dassau, a senior research fellow in Biomedical Engineering who trained under Doyle as a postdoctoral fellow at UCSB and followed Doyle to Harvard, echoed Abel’s assessment of Doyle as an effective leader in an email.

“His ability to quickly zoom and identify the engineering challenges always impressed me,” he wrote.

Abel said the way Doyle runs SEAS parallels the way he runs his lab. Central to both is Doyle’s idea that “many different people with different perspectives, different backgrounds can come together and approach the same problems from different angles” to yield the best solution.

He added that Doyle was incredibly supportive as a mentor and never pressured him to immediately have results or come up with some idea.

“I would say that the degree to which he supports or that he gives you the space to try new things and fail is pretty remarkable,” Abel said. “He really doesn’t add a lot of pressure and lets you have the freedom to make the progress that you make in whatever you’re excited about.”

INTERACTING WITH STUDENTS

Doyle said in a February interview that maintaining a close connection to the student body at SEAS is one of his foremost priorities.

“Twenty-seven years ago, I became a professor because I love teaching,” he said. “Pulling myself out of the classroom was a sacrifice I made to take this job, but I try to replace that with lots of contact with our students.”

In addition to meeting regularly with student leaders of engineering-related organizations at SEAS and the College, Doyle also serves as a concentration advisor for 15 to 20 undergraduates studying Bioengineering. He said this role has allowed him to “keep a finger on the pulse of what’s happening in the program.”

Several of Doyle’s student advisees praised his commitment to ensuring that the student experience at SEAS is as rewarding as it can be.

“Dean Doyle really tries to get to know each student, which is quite ambitious considering his multitude of responsibilities,” Shelby C. Yuan ’19 wrote in an email.

Yuan wrote that Doyle was always willing to chat with students about their personal interests, with many meetings ending up as an “animated discussion about soccer or running” — two of Doyle’s hobbies.

She added that Doyle often gave students advice about internships, labwork, and post-graduation options, and encouraged them to take advantage of his connections at Harvard and beyond.

“Overall, I think his efforts at maintaining strong advising relationships with students are remarkable, and I hope it’ll stay this way as SEAS grows,” she wrote.

Augusta C. UwamanzuNna ’20 wrote in an email that Doyle once lent her a laptop for three weeks after hers abruptly stopped working. This was especially important, accord-

ing to Uwamanzu-Nna, since “many of my assignments in multiple classes involved coding and the need to collaborate with peers.”

She added that, as a founding board member of the National Society of Black Engineers, she also meets regularly with Doyle to discuss SEAS’s commitment to promoting diversity, inclusion, and belonging at the school.

“Navigating SEAS as a black woman in engineering is definitely not trivial, but being able to be supported through organizations like NSBE and fundamentally by individuals like Dean Doyle has been great,” Uwamanzu-Nna wrote.

Uwamanzu-Nna wrote that she has appreciated Doyle’s receptiveness to constructive feedback, especially in regards to supporting underrepresented communities. She cited an instance in which she told Doyle she had concerns that none of the five panelists at her SEAS Sophomore Convocation last year was a person of color.

This year’s panel reflected her feedback — one of the two panelists, Jeffrey M. Allen ’06, is a black engineer.

Uwamanzu-Nna wrote that Doyle has greatly contributed to her experience at SEAS over the past two years.

“The nature of some of my SEAS courses and the overall SEAS atmosphere has sometimes made me feel robotic and forced to push my emotions and humanity to the background,” she wrote. “However, all of my interactions with Dean Doyle have been the exact opposite, as I feel my voice, emotions, and humanity as a person have been heard, recognized and acknowledged.” ruth.hailu@thecrimson.com amy.jia@thecrimson.com

Harvard Ph.D. Students Share Research at Symposium

By ANISSA R. MEDINA CRIMSON STAFF WRITER

­ ight Ph.D. candidates presentE ed their research at the Harvard Horizons Symposium held Wednesday evening in Sanders Theatre.

Launched in 2013, the program seeks to recognize and celebrate the ideas of Ph.D. students at Harvard. Eight students are selected each fall to spend 10 weeks working together with the Derek Bok Center for Teaching and Learning as they improve their communication and presentation skills.

Each of the eight scholars delivered brief presentations about their research topic, methods, and implications of the study.

Jess K. Kanwal, a graduate student in neuroscience, said she was excited about sharing research with people outside of her discipline. She said the Derek Bok Center provided an “incredible amount of help in training and mentoring.”

Dean of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Emma Dench – who also sits on the Harvard Horizons committee that reviewed and selected the

cohort of scholars – said the program focuses on the importance of “understanding deeply” and “explaining simply.”

“I think it’s a very important showcase for what the GSAS does because our students are doing graduate degrees, and often it’s not easy to understand what they’re really doing, so being able to see that cutting edge research is also extremely interesting, and even fun,” Dench said. Mateo C. Jarquín, a student in history and one of this year’s scholars, said the program helped him to polish his public speaking skills and bet-

ter explain his research findings with others.

“The process forces you to ask yourself what is actually the basic and most important aspects of my research that are important to people outside of my tiny subfield,” Jarquín said.

Applied Physics Ph.D. candidate Victoria Hwang said she appreciated having the opportunity to build relationships with the other eight presenters.

“The thing that I value the most is the cohort and the relationships that we built,” Hwang said. “It really is an intense experience. It’s eight of us and

we are going through the same thing over 10 weeks and we got to know each other pretty well under situations of stress.”

Dench said the Harvard Horizons program equips students with many transferable skills.

“I think what a lot of the Horizon Scholars find is that this whole process that they go through enables them to write more crisply, even to finish their dissertations more quickly, to be sharper in their presentations,” Dench added. anissa.medina@thecrimson.com

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PAGE 5

THE HARVARD CRIMSON | APRIL 11, 2019

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THE HARVARD CRIMSON | APRIL 11, 2019

PAGE 6

EDITORIAL THE CRIMSON EDITORIAL BOARD

COLUMN

A New Hope for the Business School

Harvard Without The Extra

H

arvard Business School Dean Nitin Nohria in a recent interview spoke to the growing mistrust in capitalism, particularly among young people. His comments addressed the Business School’s role in restoring that confidence and working to support developments in the curriculum like the popular course, “Reimagining Capitalism.” Nohria went on to highlight other areas of change, such as directing more research to issues affecting economically-marginalized communities and improving delivery of social and public goods like healthcare and education.

The interview also touched on ongoing efforts at the Business School to foster better racial and gender diversity at the school.

As the leader of a premier global institution of capitalism, Nohria’s comments underscore the extent to which capitalism as a totalizing economic system is facing a crisis of political sustainability. Far-right movements in the U.S. and around the world, worsening inequality, and rampant economic exploitation — not to mention a sense that young Americans are getting the short end of the stick — only serve to underline this trend. As dean of the Business School, Nohria is in a unique position to set a vision and agenda for the school that seek to consciously and systematically reform capitalism and educate its newest leaders to combat

these systemic issues.

We are fully cognizant of the conflicts and difficulties inherent in this kind of deliberate self-transformation — especially for an institution like the Business School, whose existence is tied so inextricably to the perpetuation of often-pernicious market forces and the empowerment of a moneyed upper class. In particular, Nohria’s statements that focused on restoring society’s trust in capitalism seemed to suggest that the primary problem with capitalism is its image.

We disagree with that assessment.

A broader view of the challenges to the modern economic system demands a

We are at a moment in history marked by political instability and dissatisfaction with capitalism more systemic rethink of the Business School’s role in the business community and the economic system it champions more broadly.

That rethink requires change far beyond the work already being done at the school, not least in terms of directing research dollars and devising a new curriculum. Efforts at improving diversity and inclusion at the school, though admira-

ble, do not go nearly far enough in laying out a way forward. Rather, the Business School can and should reorient itself to searching for systemic reforms and researching them to address the above matters.Whether or not Nohria expands on the spirit of his comments to grapple with the enormity of the problem facing capitalism, we as a Board feel it is important to emphasize the opportunity that stands before him and the Business School.

We are at a moment in history marked by political instability and dissatisfaction with capitalism, as Nohria acknowledges. If the school wishes to stay relevant, it seems to have two choices. It can seek to perpetuate capitalism in its current form and benefit from its position as an important educational center in that system, accepting the inequalities that go with that choice. Or it can stake a claim to leading a vital new project, reimagining the shape and role of capitalism in our society and world.

This staff editorial solely represents the majority view of The Crimson Editorial Board. It is the product of discussions at regular Editorial Board meetings. In order to ensure the impartiality of our journalism, Crimson editors who choose to opine and vote at these meetings are not involved in the reporting of articles on similar topics.

The Crimson

op-eds@thecrimson.com

OP-ED

Humanizing Palestinians Should Not Be Controversial

“P

art of the challenge is just trying to be morally consistent — to have some sense of integrity, and to fundamentally acknowledge the way in which a precious Palestinian baby has exactly the same value as a precious Jewish baby.” African American Studies professor Cornel West’s words reverberated across a packed auditorium last week. While his words seem commonsensical, the reality is that the basic humanity of Palestinians is denied every day.

In Gaza, one of the most densely populated places on Earth, 1.9 million Palestinians — almost three-quarters of whom are refugees — are locked in an open-air prison, unable to leave the strip.

Many of these refugees still have keys to their homes inside present-day Israel.

However, to this day, Israel’s laws forbid them from returning, ever since 750,000 Palestinians were exiled in 1948. Repeated Israeli aerial bombings have killed thousands of innocent people and attacked schools, hospitals, and homes. In 2018 alone, Israeli Defense Forces killed almost 200 Palestinians peacefully protesting to demand their right of return. A recent UN report called this massacre a potential war crime.

In Israel, there are 66 laws that discriminate against Palestinians, reducing them to second-class citizenship. Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu recently stated that “Israel is not a state of all its citizens” and that “Israel is the nation state of the Jewish people – and only it.”

In the West Bank, occupied by Israel in 1967, over 600,000 Israeli settlers live in illegal Jewish-only settlements. Hundreds of Israeli military checkpoints impede the mobility of the Palestinians living there. While Israeli living in settlements, illegal under international law, are governed by Israeli civil law, Palestinians as young as 12 are tried in Israeli military courts, which have a conviction rate of more than 99.7 percent for Palestinians. Two sets of laws for two peoples living on the same land.

Apartheid, as defined by the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, consists of inhumane acts committed in an institutionalized regime of oppression and domination by one racial group over another, with the intention

of maintaining that regime. Israeli policy makes clear that Israel fulfills the conditions of the crime of apartheid as defined by the ICC. Israel is an apartheid state, and we must recognize it as such.

It is only by recognizing this fact of the situation that we can productively move forward.

Through Israeli Apartheid Week, the Palestine Solidarity Committee aims to raise the suppressed voice of Palestinians, share their pain, and connect it to other struggles against injustice. This is why we stand with Act on a Dream, Harvard Prison Divestment Campaign, the Student Labor Action Movement, and many others fighting injustice. This solidarity was beautifully exemplified by the Wall of Resistance, which we proudly displayed alongside 14 other organizations.This is also why we stand unwaveringly in solidarity with our Jewish brothers and sisters in the face of anti-Semitism. We condemn anti-Semitism with the same conviction and moral clarity with which we condemn Israeli oppression. If it were our Jewish brothers and sisters oppressed by Palestinians, we would be the first to hold a Palestinian Apartheid Week. This conviction was exemplified at our Black-Palestinian Solidarity panel. When an individual unaffiliated with the PSC made anti-Semitic statements during the Q&A session, he was immediately shut down by the panelists, PSC organizers, and the audience.

The room refused to tolerate anti-Semitism with the same vigor with which it engaged the content of the panel. Our vision for a more just world, just as it includes safety and security for our Jewish peers, must also include justice and freedom for all Palestinians.

This moral imperative, however, means that fighting for Palestinian freedom should not be any more controversial than fighting racism, sexism, homophobia, and other forms of discrimination. All that Palestinians are asking for is to have the same rights that all people should have — simply to be treated as human beings.

This cannot be treated as ‘controversial’ any longer. Equal access to water should not be controversial. Safety from snipers during peaceful protests should not be controversial. The humanity of Palestinians should not be controversial.

Everyone who believes in human rights should stand with the Palestinian people in their struggle for liberation.

I

n my junior year, I found myself deeply jaded in a way I never expected to be at Harvard.

The feeling crept up on me starting in the trainwreck that was my sophomore year season, inadequately termed “sophomore slump.” Yet, I didn’t know how entrenched it was with bitterness and anger until a specific, surprising instance happened junior fall.

I was chilling with my best friend who was scrolling on Facebook, when she came across a post that elicited a reaction of utter disbelief.

Some poor girl, who unbeknownst to her quickly became the target of our private ire, had posted a picture of a memorable moment with her smiling radiantly and in her caption had likened Harvard to “heaven on earth.” Our honest confusion at why anyone would consider Harvard to be heaven on earth morphed into annoyance and then finally anger as we discussed her post.

First of all, was she sure she was referring to Harvard College? She couldn’t have been describing the same college I had been attending for the past two and a half years. Second of all, how dare she have such a positive otherworldly experience here?

Why are we almost compelled to be extra? The serious truth is that many of us take the path of most resistance just to say that we did.

Submit an Op-Ed Today!

By MIRIAM ALPHONSUS, KATIE M. FARKOUH, and CHRISTIAN B. TABASH

Ifeoluwa T. Obayan REMNANT OF TRUTH

The time for silence is over. Systematic defamation, intimidation, and suppression of Palestinian voices have created a climate in which silence is the default. Even PSC members fear putting their names on articles like this. We fear blacklisting by anonymously-run websites like Canary Mission, which can stand in the way of our careers and graduate school plans, and pose an extreme risk for students with homes and families in Palestine or Israel.

Perhaps the most heartbreaking example we have seen was when one Palestinian student backed out from speaking at a panel discussion during IAW, fearing the threat their statements could pose to themselves and their loved ones.

Instead, they submitted somber words describing how in their time outside of Palestine, they have realized that much of what to them had seemed normal as a Palestinian — tear gas, the sound of military aircrafts, being held at gunpoint, and countless other staples of life under occupation — is, in fact, not normal. Even as a Harvard student in the 21st century, we saw firsthand how their freedom of expression and freedom of movement remain so vulnerable and easy to lose. We saw and heard how they felt suffocated, as they sat in silence while others read their story — at the very event, moreover, meant to amplify their voice and others like it.

Our silence will not protect families that have suffered under military occupation for three generations. As we speak out against mass incarceration or mass deportation, we also face a moral imperative to raise our voices for equal rights for Palestinian people.

Will Harvard once again fail to be on the right side of history, as it did with South African apartheid? Or will it be the force of change it has tremendous potential to be? We have been heartened by the support we received during Israeli Apartheid Week, and have hope that Harvard will choose change.

—Miriam Alphonsus ’21 is a History concentrator in Lowell House. Katie M. Farkouh ’21 is a Human and Evolutionary Biology concentrator in Adams House.

Christian B. Tabash ’21 is a Government concentrator in Lowell House. Alphonsus and Farkouh are members of the Palestine Solidarity Committee. Tabash is the co-president of the Palestine Solidarity Committee at Harvard.

At this point, I was relying on the grace of God to carry me throughout each and every day as I struggled to survive the year. The strength of my feelings of offense were so surprising that I had to ask myself how I had arrived at this state.

For all I knew this random girl could be lying and putting up a front for her friends and family like most people do on their social media — only showing their highlight reel. But witnessing her supposed joy in the midst of my despair forced me to take a serious look at my disillusionment with my Harvard experience and come to the conclusion that I had no one but myself to blame.

While there are most definitely external forces that contribute to the toxicity in our culture as well as real-life issues and inequities that affect our experiences, as students here, we must admit that sometimes our own hands build the very cages that trap us.

I chose my concentration. I chose the organizations that I participated in. I chose the people I surrounded myself with in my various social circles.

Though I fully take responsibility for my actions, I had to further question why I did — and continue to do — things that inevitably put me in such a dark headspace that someone else’s happiness triggers a concoction of bitterness in me. It definitely took some mental and emotional work to interrogate my influences and deeply rooted impulses, but I was better for it.

I realized that under the influence of societal pressures I was forcing myself to live up to unrealistic internal expectations when outside factors will always affect the expected outcome of my decisions. I ignored warning signs (emotional and physical health concerns) and sometimes even advice from others, refusing to really learn from past experiences, with the belief that I could conquer and overcome even the most difficult situations.

Though there is something to be said for experimentation as we go through college and the failures that may result from our decisions, continually choosing more than we can handle is as detrimental as it is unnecessarily “extra.”

I know I’m not alone in this either. I often joke around with my friends about how they are gluttons for punishment when they decide to take an additional class that is notoriously hard or once again involve themselves in multiple extracurricular activities knowing they have trouble balancing their commitments.

Why are we almost compelled to be extra? The serious truth is that many of us take the path of most resistance just to say that we did. Because if we didn’t struggle, did we really earn it?

Regardless of how hard we worked to get here and instead of just accepting the blessing of admission, we somehow now feel that we have to prove that our Harvard degrees didn’t just fall into our laps.

The irony is that real struggle — that we never planned for — will come: No life journey is without its challenges, even when we are doing everything right. So instead of inventing issues, maybe we should give ourselves a little grace when possible, fortifying ourselves for those inevitable moments of hardship. This simply means avoiding the unnecessary stress that come with overloading on obligations when our mental, physical, and emotional energy — not to mention time — is limited.

What would our Harvard experience be like without the extra? If we studied something we really loved? If we always took four classes? If we did one extracurricular activity we actually cared about? If we only became friends with people we genuinely have a connection with? Maybe we would actually fully enjoy our time here rather than fondly remember a few highs engulfed in a vastness of lows. To me, that version of Harvard sounds like heaven on earth.

—Ifeoluwa T. Obayan ’19, a former Crimson Editorial Comp Director, is a Biomedical Engineering and Social Anthropology joint concentrator in Leverett House. Her column appears on alternate Thursdays.

PAGE 7

THE HARVARD CRIMSON | APRIL 11, 2019

Phi Beta Kappa Inducts 24 Harvard Juniors

By MEENA VENKATARAMANAN CRIMSON STAFF WRITER

T wenty-four College juniors learned Wednesday afternoon of their selection as inductees into the Alpha Iota chapter of Phi Beta Kappa, the nation’s oldest academic honor society.

The chapter elects new members to its cohort three times annually—24 juniors in the spring, 48 seniors in the fall, and a final group of seniors shortly before Commencement to “bring the total membership to no more than 10 percent of the graduating class,” according to the chapter’s website.

Wednesday’s inductees were chosen from a pool of 75 juniors who were nominated to apply last month based on their grade-point averages, according to Logan S. McCarty ’96, ­

I thought to myself ‘I just can’t believe this.’ You never think this kind of stuff will happen to you, you know?

Alex S. Cohen ’20 College Student

the Harvard Phi Beta Kappa chapter secretary. After being notified they are up for consideration, students can accept the nomination by submitting their transcripts and two letters of recommendation, which are then reviewed by faculty and current members of the College’s chapter.

“The committees look for depth of achievement within the concentration, and also breadth across the liberal arts and sciences,” McCarty wrote in an email. “This is strictly an academic honor—we don’t look at all at extracurricular activities or other accomplishments.”

Several Junior 24 members, including Comparative Literature concentrator Alex S. Cohen ’20 and Applied Mathe-

matics concentrator Nicolas H. Christianson ’20, said they were eating lunch when they received the acceptance email.

“I thought to myself ‘I just can’t believe this,’” Cohen said.

“You never think this kind of stuff will happen to you, you know?”

Anthropology concentrator Julie S. Chung ’20, a former Crimson Editorial editor, wrote in an email that she had been discussing her interest in academia with a mentor when she learned of her selection.

“We had just been talking about the difficulties of moving through [an] institution not made for women, women of color, and other marginalized groups,” she wrote. “So when I got this email, I was completely shocked.”

Chung wrote she has taken “wildly different courses” across disciplines ranging from chemistry to anthropology throughout her academic career.

“I feel like I had developed a core community in these classes that enabled me to thrive,” she wrote.

Jonathan W. Perez-Reyzin ’20, another Junior 24 member and Philosophy concentrator, who learned of his selection in the middle of class, said the news made him feel “some sense of personal achievement.”

“It was really nice to know that pursuing my academic passions had paid off in this tangential way,” he said.

Perez-Reyzin said he solicited recommendation letters from the professors in his department after being nominated.

“I had no idea what Phi Beta Kappa was until a week before I was informed that I was in the running,” he added.

Isabelle K.M. DeSisto ’20, a Government concentrator, wrote in an email that she called her parents immediately after learning the news.

“This is an honor, and it felt very validating, because I’ve worked really hard the past few

years,” DeSisto said. “But at the same time I think it’s important to recognize that it’s not the be-all-end-all, because there are a lot of amazing people here who deserve recognition just as much as I do.”

A complete list of the members of the Class of 2020 elected to the “Junior 24” is below: Maria Jose Acosta Robayo ’20, Sociology (Lowell) Taimur Aziz ’20, History (Cabot)* Anna B. Biggs ’20, Mathematics (Mather) Michael L. Chen ’20, Applied Mathematics (Adams) Nicolas S. Christianson ’20, Applied Mathematics (Adams) Julie S. Chung ’20, Anthropology (Adams)* Alex S. Cohen ’20, Comparative Literature (Dunster) Michael J. Colavita ’20, Computer Science (Currier) Isabelle K.M. DeSisto ’20, Government (Mather) Caroline S. Engelmayer ’20, Classics (Currier)* Dan Stefan Eniceicu ’20, Physics (Leverett) Katherine Hung ’20, Economics (Kirkland) Jasper Johnston ’20, Special Concentration (Eliot) Jeane Khang ’20, Psychology (Quincy) Abijith Krishnan ’20, Physics (Leverett) Julia B. Lauer ’20, Government (Adams) Luke G. Melas-Kyriazi ’20, Mathematics (Leverett) Maya D. Miklos ’20, Physics (Pforzheimer) Jonathan W. Perez-Reyzin ’20, Philosophy (Dudley) Emile Radyte ’20, Neuroscience (Eliot) Isaac S. Sebenius ’20, Molecular & Cellular Biology (Quincy) Kai R. Trepka ’20, Chemistry & Physics (Mather) Jordan M. Villegas ’20, Women, Gender & Sexuality (Adams) Kristine A. Zhang ’20, Computer Science (Cabot) *denote Crimson editors meena.venkataramanan@thecrimson.com

IMAGE FROM PAGE 1

Scientists Capture Black Hole Image f­ounding director of the Black Hole Initiative and the chair of Harvard’s Astronomy Department, of the galaxy in which the black hole was found. “What you’re seeing is the shadow of the black hole on the background of the emission from the hot gas at the base of the jet.”

In order to construct this image digitally, the team of astronomers at EHT created the equivalent of a lens the size of planet Earth by integrating data from all the telescopes that were part of the project.

“Getting this system of at least eight to ten different telescopes, all entirely different, all working together with receivers and data recording systems, and particularly the clocks — the atomic clocks—to be all, if you want to think of it, in synchrony was an amazing technical achievement,” Harvard astronomy professor Jonathon E. Grindlay said.

He said he does not think it would have been possible to generate this image even a decade ago given the sophisticated technology needed to handle the five petabytes of data – the equivalent of 5 million gigabytes — involved in creating the picture.

According to physics, philosophy, and history of science professor Peter L. Galison ’77, a collaborator on EHT, scientists proposed theoretical arguments for black holes as early as 1916. It was not until the 1970s, however, that researchers substantiated the theory by observing extremely dense areas of matter.

Scientists announced in 2016 that, for the first time, they had detected gravitational waves — which many argued were produced by black holes merging, and therefore were evidence that black holes exist.

Galison said he thinks the image unveiled Wednesday will be more compelling evidence of the existence of black holes to the public than some of the

more technical data.

“It’s amazing to be able to say, here’s the black hole, the size of our solar system, and bigger, and it has the mass of six and a half billion suns,” he said.

Andrew E. Strominger ’77, a professor of physics and the Assistant Director of Theory at the Black Hole Institute, said he views Wednesday’s image as the culmination of decades of research. “[The black hole] was an object that was predicted to exist 100 years ago,” he said. “And the fact that it’s taken us hundred years to get a clear picture of them is not a measure of how lazy and slow scientists are. It’s a measure of how huge the problem is, and with what precision and depth we’re understanding the universe around us.”

“It’s something I’ve been thinking about my entire scientific life, and now I’ve seen it,” he added.

Though Loeb said the image is certainly historic, he said the picture largely corroborated his team’s prior predictions of what a black hole would look like if digitally rendered.

“So the surprising result is that there is nothing surprising,” Loeb said.

This first-ever image prompted such excitement in the public because black holes are a cultural phenomenon imbued with metaphor and mythology, according to Galison.

“There’s something paradoxical, intriguing, frightening, and imagination-provoking about black holes,” he said.

Scientists say they think new discoveries are still on the horizon.

“There are some real questions about destruction, what’s inside a black hole, and so on, that we might get to the very edge of — or even probe — with this Event Horizon Telescope,” Strominger said. juliet.isselbacher@thecrimson.com isabel.isselbacher@thecrimson.com

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AODS Launches New Campaign

By MICHELLE G. KURILLA CRIMSON STAFF WRITER

Administrators from the Office of Alcohol and Other Drug Services have launched a campaign to raise awareness around drugs and alcohol on Harvard’s campus through Instagram and Facebook posts and signs around campus.

The Substance Literacy Project — rolled out in early March — aims to educate students about possible risks associated with drug and alcohol use, as well as resources available at the University.

“We’re really looking as an office to increase and enhance our engagement with students on campus,” AODS Health Educator and Prevention Specialist Olivia A. T. Sevey said.

“And so one goal being to kind of enhance students’ understanding of the services that we offer and the other kind of being creating a process where we’re intentionally communicating information about substances, risks associated with them, ways to reduce risk intentionally, creating a process where we’re giving that information out right regularly to students,” Sevey added.

In particular, the campaign will focus on students’ awareness of different substances, effects of each substance, risks associated with drugs and alcohol, and the impact substances have on various groups on campus.

The Substance Literacy Project will also inform students about how AODS can meet students’ needs, according to

We’re really looking as an office to increase and enhance our engagement with students on campus...

It’s important to have the voices reflected in the content.

Olivia A. T. Sevey AODS Health Educator and Prevention Specialist

Sevey.

“We’ll have different content,” Sevey said.

“It might be about a different substance. It might be about how we support students, but all of those are within our objectives of the project.”

The Substance Literacy Project — designed as a mass media campaign — constitutes part of what Sevey and Director of AODS Garrett O. Fitzgerald said they hope will be a multi-year effort to increase the impact that AODS has on Harvard’s campus.

“I think it is looking upstream a little bit and kind of creating a baseline of information for that engagement where if you see something and you have questions about the information that we put out or it sparks more questions that you have about a substance, to engage and contact us with questions about it or do your own research,” Fitzgerald said.

As part of the campaign, AODS administrators have circulated data to students about the potential impact of drugs and alcohol. Fitzgerald said they have cited statistics from nationally recognized organizations including the National Institutes of Health and National Institute of Drug Abuse.

“One of the things that has been really important to this too is trying to make sure that we’re putting out information that we’ve vetted by trying to find, like, good research on it and engaging in that way,” Fitzgerald said.

Sevey said she is particularly excited to receive student feedback about the initiative.

“We just launched it,” Sevey said.

“So it’s very much the intention that we’ll be assessing it along the way — hoping for feedback engagement with students.

If there’s a piece of content or a drug that people want to hear more about, that’s definitely something we’re here for.”

“It is important to have the voices reflected in the content we’re giving out.” michelle.kurilla@thecrimson.com

SPORTS

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SCORES

MEN’S BASKETBALL VS. BU W, 18-17 ___________________________________________________________

WOMEN’S SWIMMING IVY LEAGUE CHAMPIONSHP 2ND ___________________________________________________________

WOMEN’S HEAVYWEIGHT CREW VS. YALE L ___________________________________________________________

GOLF VS. PRINCETON W ___________________________________________________________

FOOTBALL VS. UNIVERSITY OF VERMONT L, 42, 36 ___________________________________________________________

MEN’S WRESTLING VS. PENN STATE L, 42, 36 ___________________________________________________________

FENCING NEW ENGLAND CHAMPIONSHIP 15TH ___________________________________________________________

WOMEN’S TENNIS

Harvard Tennis Starts Ivy Play 2-0 Mens, 1-1 Womens

By EAMON J. MCLOUGHLIN CRIMSON STAFF WRITER

Both the Men’s and Women’s Tennis teams entered their first full weekend of Ivy League play with some momentum.

The men’s team had won their last three, while the women’s team boasted a whopping five straight victories. After the weekend’s matches versus Penn and Princeton, the men’s team matched their counterparts’ five wins in a row, going 2-0, while the women’s team picked up their sixth consecutive win before dropping Sunday’s match versus Princeton.

Men’s Harvard (15-5, 2-0 Ivy) opened its Ivy League play against Penn on Saturday with a dominant 6-1 performance in Philadelphia. The matchup was a rematch of February’s ECAC Finals, in which the Crimson fell 4-3 to the Quakers away. The victory was Harvard’s fourth in a row, getting them off to a perfect start in Ivy play. The Crimson was quick to pick up the doubles point, going 2-0, and didn’t slow down on its way to victory.

“We came out strong for the doubles point. The guys at number two and three doubles did a really good job of securing the point, and that was good for carrying the momentum into singles.” senior Michael Peters said. “A bunch of the guys made quick work of their matches in singles which was really good.”

In singles play, senior Andy Zhou was first to get Harvard on the board, winning in straight sets in the number two slot. His teammates followed suit, with the Crimson picking up all but one of the singles points. Freshman Steven Sun’s 2-6, 6-0, 6-2 win at number five improved

him to a team-best 14-2 in singles on the season.

Harvard kept the momentum going on Sunday with another convincing victory versus Princeton, finishing with a 5-2 victory. This was the third meeting between the two teams this season, with the Crimson winning all three, including one at ECAC championships.

Harvard again took the doubles point with back to back wins, with freshmen duo Harris Walker and Steven Sun clinching the point for the Crimson.

Harvard’s young team continued to impress in singles, as both Sun and Walker picked up victories, 6-0, 6-3 and 1-6, 7-5, 10-4 respectively. Fellow freshman Brian Shi added a 6-2, 6-1 in the three spot before sophomore Lane Leschly won in straight sets 6-2, 6-3 at number six to clinch the win for the Crimson.

“It was a great weekend overall, we’re really excited to start off 2-0 in Ivy play,” Peters added. We’re really hoping to carry that momentum into this next weekend when we play Yale on Friday and Brown on Sunday.”

Women’s Harvard (14-6, 2-1 Ivy) extended their win streak to six matches with its home victory over Penn on Saturday. The Crimson dropped the doubles point, 2-1, before coming back with four consecutive points in singles play. The win improved Harvard to an impressive 11-2 record in front of their home crowd.

Junior Jenna Friedel and freshman Rachel Lim won 7-5 in doubles, before going on to win their singles points as well, winning 6-2, 6-4 and 6-3, 6-4 in the second and third spots respectively. The win was Friedel’s eighth singles victory in a

SERVING OUT STRONG Both Harvard Men’s and Women’s Tennis dominated the weekend, only dropping one collective loss to the Princeton Tigers.

TIMOTHY R. O’MEARA—CRIMSON PHOTOGRAPHER

row, and improved her record in the number two slot to 11-1.

“We started off with Penn and it was really quick actually, our team just came out ready to fire.” junior Lexi Milunovich said. “Everyone was fighting in their matches, but we ended up beating them.”

Harvard wasn’t able to keep

their streak alive the following day, as they fell to Princeton for their first Ivy League loss of the season. The pairing of senior Erica Oosterhout and junior Natasha Gonzalez continued their strong doubles play as they picked up their team best ninth doubles win, 6-2 while the Crimson ended up dropping the

doubles point. Oosterhout kept her momentum as she sailed to a 6-2, 6-0 win in the top spot for Harvard.

Friedel improved to nine straight singles wins, winning 6-1, 6-2 in the second slot for the Crimson. Junior Irene Lu grabbed another point for Harvard, 6-0, 6-2, in the sixth spot,

but this wasn’t enough to secure the victory, as the Crimson dropped the remaining three singles matches. The 3-4 loss puts a dent in Harvard’s Ivy League aspirations, but with four conference games remaining, anything can happen. eamon.mcloughlin@thecrimson.com

TRACK AND FIELD

Harvard Prepares to Face Yale After Two Week Break

By MAHTAB SHIHAB CRIMSON STAFF WRITER

After two weeks of not competing, Harvard track and field looks to continue its promising season as it prepares to take on Yale in a dual meet at the Bulldogs’ track. As with any competition against its arch nemesis, the stakes will be high and there will be history on the line.

This meet will not only provide the victor with a competi-

tive edge at Ivy Heps, but it also serves as an HYOC qualification meet.

Athletes who can hit the standard times and marks will be able to go to England and compete against the Oxford and Cambridge teams this summer.

“It’s awesome that we have the opportunity to compete in the oldest track meet in the country, making our rivalry against Yale one of the longest standing rivalries” said fresh-

man thrower Sam Welsh. “We are all very excited to give our best showing and hopefully bring back another win for America in late June.”

Last year, the men’s team eked out a tight 83-78 victory over the Bulldogs while the women’s team had a dominating performance and came out with a 98-61 win. Both the men and women will want a repeat of last year’s result and continue the momentum they’ve gained

from their earlier meets this season.

“The HY meet will give us good experience facing other athletes in the Ivy League and prepare us for outdoor heps” said Welsh. “If we can do well this weekend, we can do well at heps and have a chance of winning the title.”

A key to a victory on Saturday will be the strength of the team’s relay performances. Coming down to Texas two

PREPARING FOR THE RUN In looking forward to the dual meet with their historic rival Yale, Harvard prepares to present a strong outing after not competing in two weeks. QUINN PERINI—CRIMSON PHOTOGRAPHER

weeks ago, both the men’s and women’s relay teams had stellar performances, exceeding expectations for the Crimson.

The men’s team consisted of the same group that brought home the Ivy Heps title in the 4x400 during the indoor season.

The relay consisting of sophomore sprinters Rodney Agyare-May, Jovahn Williamson, and Kahlil Wassell along with senior middle distance runner Myles Marshall qualified for the finals and ran the second-fastest time in Harvard history with its mark of 3:10.05.

On the women’s side, the 4x400 team showed their versatility as athletes by compromising a group that consisted of both sprinters and hurdlers.

Sophomore sprinter Olivia Okoli ran with freshman hurdler Sharelle Samuel and junior hurdlers Karina Joiner and Maya Miklos to qualify for the finals with a time of 3:43.31. Miklos ran one of the fastest splits with a 53.64 400.

The Yale team does not boast the depth of 400m runners that Harvard has, but does have the advantage in the 4x100 relay.

At the Sam Howell Invitational this past weekend, the 4x100 relay squad of Ekrem Ayhan, Kyle Macauley, Juma Sei and Vincent Vaughns posted a time of 40.95. Their time is now ranked second in the Ivy League, right behind Princeton’s mark of 40.80.

Another factor that will be integral to a Crimson win will be the performance of their throwers, especially that of freshman Sam Welsh. Welsh has already competed against some of the best throwers in the nation and has already posted a season best of 56.57m in the discus, far exceeding the mark of 46.28m that won the Harvard-Yale meet last season. Despite the increased stakes of this meet, Welsh hopes to treat it like any other.

“I try to treat every competition the same way” said Welsh.

“It is best not to focus on the competition but rather on preparing to do the best you can.

Leading up to the meet, I will be doing a lot of visualization and

It is best not to focus on the competition but rather on preparing to do the best you can.

Sam Welsh Thrower

meet simulation throws.”

Finally, what will be critical for Harvard will be their performance in field events such as jumps and hurdles. At the UMass Lowell Invitational, the Crimson had strong showings from their field athletes.

Sophomore jumper Iza Sabharwal had a second place finish in the long jump (5.29m) and a first place finish in the triple jump (10.71m). On the men’s side, senior pole vaulter Ian West built off his fourth place finish at Indoor Ivy Heps and placed second with a mark of 4.60m.

The Bulldogs likewise had a impressive showing in the jumps last weekend. In the high jump, Spencer O’Neill had a leap of 1.93m, his best mark of 2019 while Austin Laut jumped to a mark of 4.86m in the pole vault. For the horizontal jumps, Darius Jing placed sixth in the long jump with a mark of 6.63m, while Jimmy Shih placed fifth in the triple jump with a mark of 14.20m.

A Harvard win will hinge on a performance where they showcase their depth and versatility over a Yale team that has been on the rise. mahtab.shihab@thecrimson.com