MyIEM Jurutera E-Bulletin - December 2019

Working Towards the Future with I oT

JURUTER A

Circulation and Readership Profile

JURUTERA has an estimated readership of 198,000 professionals. Our esteemed readership consists of certified engineers, decision making corporate leaders, CEOs, government officials, project directors, entrepreneurs, project consultants, engineering consulting firms and companies involved with engineering products and services.

Advertising Benefits

Our business partners can be assured that their products and services will be given the circulation and exposure they deserve, thus maintaining a sustained advertising presence to our core readers of decision-making engineers and technical experts. Our website offers an even wider market reach, with added international presence, aided by our international affiliation with official engineering bodies all over the world. Our online and offline advertising features such as banner advertising, article sponsorship and direct e-mail announcements have proven to be successful marketing strategies that will set the businesses of our partners apart from their competition.

For advertising enquiries, please contact:

ADVERTISING RATES

JURUTERA

Number 12, DECEMBER 2019 IEM Registered on 1 May 1959

MAJLIS BAGI SESI 2019/2020 (IEM COUNCIL SESSION 2019/2020)

YANG DIPERTUA / PRESIDENT

Ir. David Lai Kong Phooi

TIMBALAN YANG DIPERTUA / DEPUTY PRESIDENT

Ir. Ong Ching Loon

NAIB YANG DIPERTUA / VICE PRESIDENTS

Ir. Prof. Dr Norlida bt Buniyamin, Ir. Prof. Dr Jeffrey Chiang Choong Luin, Ir. Ellias bin Saidin, Y.Bhg. First Admiral Dato’ Ir. Ahmad Murad bin Omar, Ir. Dr Tan Chee Fai, Ir. Hj. Mohd

Aman bin Hj. Idris, Ir. Dr Wang Hong Kok

SETIAUSAHA KEHORMAT / HONORARY SECRETARY

Ir. Mohd Khir bin Muhammad

BENDAHARI KEHORMAT / HONORARY TREASURER

Ir. Chen Harn Shean

BEKAS YANG DIPERTUA TERAKHIR / IMMEDIATE PAST PRESIDENT

Ir. Dr Tan Yean Chin

BEKAS YANG DIPERTUA / PAST PRESIDENTS

Y.Bhg. Academician Tan Sri Datuk Ir. (Dr) Hj. Ahmad Zaidee bin Laidin, Y.Bhg. Dato’ Ir. Dr

Gue See Sew, Y.Bhg. Datuk Paduka Ir. (Dr) Hj. Keizrul bin Abdullah, Y.Bhg. Academician Tan Sri Dato’ Ir. Emeritus Prof. Dr Chuah Hean Teik, Ir. Choo Kok Beng, Y.Bhg. Dato’ Ir. Lim Chow Hock

WAKIL AWAM / CIVIL REPRESENTATIVE

Ir. Dr Lee Yun Fook

WAKIL MEKANIKAL / MECHANICAL REPRESENTATIVE

Ir. Fam Yew Hin

WAKIL ELEKTRIK / ELECTRICAL REPRESENTATIVE

Ir. Lim Kim Ten

WAKIL STRUKTUR / STRUCTURAL REPRESENTATIVE

Ir. Dr Ng Soon Ching

WAKIL KIMIA / CHEMICAL REPRESENTATIVE

Ir. Prof. Dr Lee Tin Sin

WAKIL LAIN-LAIN DISPLIN / REPRESENTATIVE TO OTHER DISCIPLINES

Ir. Dr Bhuvendhraa Rudrusamy

WAKIL MULTIMEDIA DAN ICT / ICT AND MULTIMEDIA REPRESENTATIVE

Ir. Dr David Chuah Joon Huang

WAKIL JURUTERA WANITA / WOMAN ENGINEERS REPRESENTATIVE

Ir. Rusnida bt Talib

AHLI MAJLIS / COUNCIL MEMBERS

Ir. Dr Leong Wai Yie, Ir. Razmahwata Mohd Razalli, Ir. Abdul Razak Yakob, Ir. Yau Chau Fong, Y.Bhg. Dato’ Ir. Foong Choy Chye, Y.Bhg. Dato’ Ir. Kisai bin Rahmat, Y.Bhg. Dato’ Ir. Nor Hisham Mohd Ghazali, Ir. Toh Chin Kok, Ir. Dr Jeyanthi Ramasamy, Ir. Yim Hon Wa, Ir. Yam Teong Sian, Y.Bhg. Dato’ Ir. Fakharazi bin Wahijan, Ir. Yasotha Ramachandran Chetty, Ir. Mohmad Asari bin Daud, Ir. Ng Beng Hooi, Ir. Dr Lai Khin Wee, Ir. Prof. Dr Ruslan bin Hassan, Ir. Mah Siew Kien, Y.Bhg. Dato’ Ir. Mohd Azmi bin Ismail, Ir. Ng Yong Kong, Ir. Dr Mui Kai Yin, Y.Bhg. Dato’ Ir. Noor Azmi bin Jaafar, Ir. Ting Chek Choon, Ir. Sukhairul Nizam bin Abd Razak, Ir. Lai Sze Ching, Y.Bhg. Dato’ Ir. Dr Ahmad Anuar bin Othman, Y.Bhg. Dato’ Ir. (Dr) Andy Seo Kian Haw, Y.Bhg. Dato’ Seri Ir. Dr Zaini bin Ujang, Ir. Omar bin Mat Piah WAKIL BAHAGIAN JURUTERA SISWAZAH / YOUNG ENGINEERS SECTION

REPRESENTATIVES

Dr Yew Weng Kean, Mr. Kuugan Thangarajoo, Ms. Tiang Kor Lin, Mr. Tan Teck Ying, Mr. Lim Yiren

PENGERUSI CAWANGAN / BRANCH CHAIRMAN

1. Pulau Pinang: Ir. Yau Ann Nian

2. Selatan: Ir. Teo Ki Yuee

3. Perak: Ir. Simon Yeong Chin Chow

4. Kedah-Perlis: Ir. Haji Abdullah bin Othman

5. Negeri Sembilan: Ir. Dr Oh Seong Por

6. Kelantan: Ir. Abrizan bin Abdul Kadir

7. Terengganu: Ir. Abdullah Zawawi bin Haji Mohamad Noor

8. Melaka: Ir. Sreedaran a/l Raman

9. Sarawak: Ir. Haidel Heli

10. Sabah: Ir. James Yong Hon Min

11. Miri: Ir. Dr Lau Hieng Ho

12. Pahang: Y.Bhg. Dato’ Ir. Sharuddin bin Mohd Simin

AHLI JAWATANKUASA INFORMASI DAN PENERBITAN/ STANDING COMMITTEE ON INFORMATION AND PUBLICATIONS 2019/2020

Pengerusi/Chairman: Ir. Dr Wang Hong Kok Naib Pengerusi/Vice Chairman: Ir. Dr David Chuah Joon Huang Setiausaha/Secretary: Ir. Lau Tai Onn Ketua Pengarang/Chief Editor: Ir. Dr Wang Hong Kok Pengarang Bulletin/Bulletin Editor: Ir. Abdul Razak Yakob

Pengarang Prinsipal Jurnal/Principal Journal Editor: Ir. Dr David Chuah Joon Huang Pengerusi Perpustakaan/Library Chairman: Ir. C.M.M. Aboobucker

Ahli-Ahli/Committee Members: Ir. Ong Guan Hock, Ir. Yee Thien Seng, Ir. Chin Mee Poon, Ir. Dr Oh Seong Por, Ms. Michelle Lau Chui Chui, Ir. Prof. Dr Abdul Aziz bin Abdul Samad, Ir. Razmahwata bin Mohd Razalli, Y.Bhg. Dato’ Ir. Nor Hisham Mohd Ghazali, Ir. Yasotha Ramachandran Chetty, Dr Sudharshan N. Raman, Ir. Dr Bhuvendhraa Rudrusamy, Ir. Hasril bin Hasini

LEMBAGA PENGARANG/EDITORIAL BOARD 2019/2020

Ketua Pengarang/Chief Editor: Ir. Dr Wang Hong Kok Pengarang Bulletin/Bulletin Editor: Ir. Abdul Razak Yakob Pengarang Prinsipal Jurnal/Principal Journal Editor: Ir. Dr David Chuah Joon Huang Ahli-ahli/Committee Members: Ir. Lau Tai Onn, Ir. Ong Guan Hock, Ir. Yee Thien Seng, Ms. Michelle Lau Chui Chui, Ir. Dr Oh Seong Por, Ir. Yasotha Ramachandran Chetty, Dr Sudharshan N. Raman, Ir. Dr Bhuvendhraa Rudrusamy, Ir. Razmahwata bin Mohd Razalli, Ir. Hasril bin Hasini

Secretariat: Janet Lim, May Lee

THE INSTITUTION OF ENGINEERS, MALAYSIA

Bangunan Ingenieur, Lots 60 & 62, Jalan 52/4, P.O. Box 223, (Jalan Sultan), 46720 Petaling Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan. Tel: 603-7968 4001/4002 Fax: 603-7957 7678 E-mail: sec@iem.org.my Homepage: http://www.myiem.org.my

ARTICLES Intelligent Transportation Systems with Network Monitoring and Passenger Recognition ...............13

Automated Irrigation System Using IoT ................19 Advent of 5G Era: Promises & Challenges ...........22 5G: Enabling Technologies & Applications .............25

PINK PAGE

Professional Interview

DIMENSION PUBLISHING SDN. BHD. (449732-T)

Level 18-01-02, PJX-HM Shah Tower, No. 16A, Persiaran Barat, 46050 Petaling Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia. Tel: +(603) 7493 1049 Fax: +(603) 7493 1047

E-mail: info@dimensionpublishing.com Website: www.dimensionpublishing.com

ROBERT MEBRUER

CEO/Publisher

PATRICK LEUNG

SHIRLEY THAM shirley@dimensionpublishing.com

JOSEPH HOW joseph@dimensionpublishing.com

TAN BEE HONG bee@dimensionpublishing.com

PUTRI ZANINA & LAURA LEE putri@dimensionpublishing.com laura@dimensionpublishing.com

SUMATHI MANOKARAN sumathi@dimensionpublishing.com

NABEELA AHMAD beela@dimensionpublishing.com

THAM CHOON KIT ckit@dimensionpublishing.com

YEN YIN yenyin@dimensionpublishing.com

For advertisement placements and subscriptions, please contact: DIMENSION PUBLISHING SDN. BHD. (449732-T)

Level 18-01-02, PJX-HM Shah Tower, No.16A, Persiaran Barat, 46050 Petaling Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia. Tel: +(603) 7493 1049 Fax: +(603) 7493 1047

E-mail: info@dimensionpublishing.com

Subscription Department E-mail: info@dimensionpublishing.com

Printed by

PERCETAKAN SKYLINE SDN. BHD. (135134-V) No. 35 - 37, Jalan 12/32B, TSI Business Industrial Park, Off Jalan Kepong, 52100 Kuala Lumpur. Mailer

SM UNIQUE MAILING SERVICES SDN. BHD. (44277-W) 80, Jalan Nadchatiram Satu, Taman Taynton View, Cheras, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Tel: +(603) 9132 9192

JURUTERA MONTHLY CIRCULATION: 22,500 COPIES

Submission or placement of articles in JURUTERA could be made to the:Chief Editor THE INSTITUTION OF ENGINEERS, MALAYSIA (IEM) Bangunan Ingenieur, Lots 60 & 62, Jalan 52/4, P.O. Box 223 (Jalan Sultan), 46720 Petaling Jaya, Selangor. Tel: +(603) 7968 4001/4002 Fax: +(603) 7957 7678 E-mail: pub@iem.org.my or sec@iem.org.my IEM Website: http://www.myiem.org.my

© 2019, The Institution of Engineers, Malaysia (IEM) and Dimension Publishing Sdn. Bhd.

PUBLICATION DISCLAIMER

The publication has been compiled by both IEM and Dimension with great care and they disclaim any duty to investigate any products, process, services, designs and the like which may be described in this publication. The appearance of any information in this publication does not necessarily constitute endorsement by IEM and Dimension. There is no guarantee that the information in this publication is free from errors. IEM and Dimension do not necessarily agree with the statement or the opinion expresssed in this publication.

COPYRIGHT

JURUTERA Bulletin of IEM is the official magazine of The Institution of Engineers, Malaysia (IEM) and is published by Dimension Publishing Sdn. Bhd. The Institution and the Publisher retain the copyright over all materials published in the magazine.

No part of this magazine may be reproduced and transmitted in any form or stored in any retrieval system of any nature without the prior written permission of IEM and the Publisher.

Tcover no t e

TOWARDS THE FUTURE WITH THE INTERNET OF THINGS

by Ir. Yasser Asrul

Ahmad Chairman, Information and Communications Technology Special Interest Group

he Internet of Things (IoT) can be defined as extending the connectivity of devices or things to the internet.This is becoming feasible due to easy access to the internet. IoT has potential applications in many areas, including agriculture, medical & healthcare, consumer products, industries and smart cities. Soon, we will see IoT integration in almost every aspect of our daily lives.

The huge amount of data generated by IoT sensors will see a convergence with big data platforms. Data analytics will become essential for extracting information in the form of trends, patterns or statistics to help individuals, professionals and organisations make effective and informed decisions. Big data, artificial intelligence and IoT may work together to make “things” autonomous, such as the self-driving cars.

IoT can be implemented via existing wireless networks such as WiFi, LoRa, Long-Term Evolution (LTE) and 4G but its full potential is expected to be unleashed with 5G mobile services which will offer faster data rates, lower latency and bigger bandwidth. The challenge is to provide full-scale 5G deployments and overcome propagation effects.

The vast potential of IoT has prompted IEM to forge a digital partnership with Malaysia Digital Economy Corporation (MDEC) and establish IEM Makerspace, a digital maker hub at Wisma IEM for engineers, educators and students to work on common digital interest. It will also promote awareness in engineering to school children using STEM activities focusing on physical computing, software development, creative media and engineering & design.

editor’s note

by

As I sat in the KLIA waiting area, surrounded by technology advancement, I reflected on our progress and on how much Malaysia had developed over the years. There is so much sophistication in our lives now.The application of IoT and the whole realm of 4IR have contributed tremendously to our development as a society, gathering and learning the pattern of our lives and presenting it in a form that makes our lives more connected. At times, I feel more connected with people thousands of miles away than the ones right in front of me.

Jurutera will have surprises in the January 2020 issue. Wait for it!

Mark your calendar for the entire day and night of 18 April 2020 for the AGM and annual dinner. Don’t miss the annual dinner because I hear there will be lots of surprises and hopefully, our guest of honour will turn up. We will have a great time anyway as we will be getting together with people we can relate to… engineers!

An early alert to mentees in the Engineering Competency Development programme: The IEM Top Mentors 2019 Awards is back. Now is the time to show your appreciation for your mentor!

On behalf of the Editorial Board, we wish everyone a Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year 2020.

Let’s continue to engineer our country to greater heights!

bin

Ir. Razak Yakob Bulletin Editor

TOWARDS THE FUTURE WITH OF THINGS INTERNET

Ir. Dr Hafizal Mohamad, a senior staff researcher (Wireless Innovation) at MIMOS Berhad, speaks about the importance of the Internet of Things and what it will take for Malaysia to get ready for this new technology.

"IoT is akin to a gigantic network of connected things, from lighting, mobile phones, washing machines and air-conditioners to drones, jet engines and machine components. The huge connectivity is not only between people and things but also between things and things.

"

The Internet of Things (IoT is a new emerging technology under the 4th Industrial Revolution (4IR). It is the basic concept of connecting any device to the Internet. It enables inter-connection and integration of the physical world and the cyber space. In laymen terms, IoT has the capability to connect physical objects to the Internet remotely.

IoT is akin to a gigantic network of connected things, from lighting, mobile phones, washing machines and air-conditioners to drones, jet engines and machine components. The huge connectivity is not only between people and things but also between things and things.

Leading the third wave of the IT industry revolution, IoT sets the trend of future networking. According to USbased research/analyst firm Gartner, there will be over 26 billion connected devices by next year or more than thrice the current global human population of some seven point seven billion.

Malaysia has also jumped on the IoT bandwagon. Five years ago in 2014, the Government, through Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MOSTI), produced the National IoT Strategic Roadmap which would serve as the blueprint for creating a national eco-system to enable the proliferation of use and industrialisation of IoT as a new source of economic growth. MIMOS Berhad, the National Applied Research & Development Centre, has also involved in this initiate.

According to Ir. Dr Hafizal Mohamad, a senior staff researcher (Wireless Innovation) at MIMOS, there is a need to review our readiness and progress in IoT. He says: “In order for IoT to succeed, we still need to strengthen the eco-system covering the three crucial elements of deployment of sensors, as well as the expansion of connectivity and development of platforms.”

He explains that IoT has three major components. The first are sensors and actuators for detection and collection of data, such as temperature, humidity, light and air

COVER STORY

flow. The second is connectivity via communication network such as WiFi, 3G, 4G, cellular and LoRa. Platforms such as Cloud services and the Internet, is the third component that enables application, as well as the use and storage of database, and analytics for the monitoring and control of operations via visualisation dashboard, alerts and notifications and mobile apps.

“For example, room lighting and indoor thermometers can be connected to the Internet to enable remote operation, control and data collection as well as analysis,” says Ir. Dr Hafizal, adding that IoT has many benefits, including allowing us to be aware of data and information that may not be visible.

“Take for example, a transport company with a large fleet of buses. Its management can make use of IoT to collect and analyse data about the utilisation of the buses, including whether any of them has to be taken off the road for maintenance.”

FOCUS ON NEW TECHNOLOGIES

IoT is important for companies to know certain factors such as how to save on energy cost, how to reduce the cost of running and maintaining buildings, how to increase utilisation of assets, how much revenue can be generated from assets, how best to support environmental sustainability objectives, how to deploy assets which require a repair process and many other concerns.

“Currently the focus at MIMOS is on new technologies under 4IR, with several technology pillars, one of which is IoT. It is an important R&D focus because we want to create new technology and solution for the benefit of the country and the people,” says Ir. Dr Hafizal.

An agency under the Ministry of International Trade & Industry (MITI), MIMOS undertakes research and development specifically in the sectors of Information & Communication Technology (ICT) and Electrical & Electronics (E&E).

“Our main stakeholders are MITI and the Ministry of Finance who want

to see tangible results which can be applied,” says Ir. Dr Hafizal, adding that the results can be used for several industries, such as agriculture and to assist in the development of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs).

IoT technology is used primarily to increase productivity and to reduce the cost of operations for industrial application. It can also be applied to drive engagement and customer experiences, create new products and business models and advance environmental initiatives. However, MITI’s current IoT emphasis is on improving the operational efficiency of SMEs and, at the same time, focusing on IoT related to the manufacturing and services sectors which are the highest contributors to our economy. According to the Department of Statistics, Malaysia’s gross domestic product (GDP) in 2018 stood at RM1.36 trillion, of which 62.4% and 20.1% were contributed by the services sector and the manufacturing sector, respectively.

HOW MIMOS CAN HELP

Ir. Dr Hafizal says most local companies in Malaysia do not have the capability to conduct their own R&D. “This is where MIMOS comes in to help. First, we carry out work under the MITI programme where the Ministry assists companies which require development and deployment of R&D work to meet national objectives of improving performance and

Various IoT devices used for R&D work are displayed at the MIMOS IoT laboratory showcase.

enhancing the competitiveness of industries. We begin projects by having proof of concepts whereby the companies state their problems and then we discuss solutions. From there, we will embark on full-blown projects” he says.

In addition, MIMOS makes technology previews and presentations to the various ministries, government departments and agencies. MIMOS also collaborates on projects with specific requirements or problems that these organisations want to address.

POTENTIAL & CHALLENGES

The key infrastructural component for IoT to work is Internet connection. While Malaysia already has good “human-to-human” Internet network provided by the various telecommunication companies, Ir. Dr Hafizal feels that better convergence of networks is required to connect things, particularly in remote and less populated areas which are not covered by cellular networks. He says the requirement to connect things are different from those for connecting humans, such as the data connection rate.

“The data transmission rate is lower for IoT which makes it doable to connect a huge number of things. The potential to connect things is tremendous and I believe local telcos are aware of and prepared for this,” he says.

Expanding further, Ir. Dr Hafizal identifies agriculture as a potentially huge area for greater deployment of IoT and says that this goes in tandem with Malaysia’s aim to further modernise agriculture.

“The application of IoT can expedite the modernisation of agriculture. But there are challenges such as the cost of deploying sensors in the fields. This is not low enough to make it costefficient. Big conglomerates like Felda may be able to bear the high cost of deploying sensors but it is tough for small players,” he says.

Another issue is the longer time for the agriculture sector to see returns

on investments in IoT as opposed to faster gains in the manufacturing sector. Manufacturers are already using IoT to improve productivity and lower operational costs though they may not publicise it. Through smart manufacturing with the use of IoT, they have benefitted from cost reduction and greater operational efficiency.

Another large area for IoT applications is the Smart Home for consumer market. IoT addresses modern needs such as for home camera surveillance, alert system, energy management, temperature control, health and wellness, elderly care, home maintenance and smart entertainment. Already well established are remotely operated smart TVs and speakers, robotic vacuum cleaners and other E&E equipment and gadgets, many with the use of AI and commands using voice recognition. However, MIMOS does not focus on the consumer market. Instead its emphasis is on industrial and enterprise applications of IoT.

ENGINEERING SECTOR

IoT is also widely used in the engineering sector, with crossdisciplinary applications, such as between mechanical and electronics and other engineering fields. It is particularly useful in areas which require predictive maintenance that can facilitate proactive maintenance. Predictive maintenance is more operationally efficient than reactive maintenance.

“Predictive maintenance can be ascertained through the collection of data that show the use and behaviours of things. For example, if a piece of equipment vibrates at certain level or after a period of use, it is time for to do maintenance rather than wait to do repairs only when it breaks down (reactive maintenance),” says Ir. Dr Hafizal.

In engineering, there are already IoT applications, such as those involving utility companies, such as Tenaga Nasional, which applies smart

grid for power distribution network, as well as water distribution companies or agencies that use IoT to obtain water flow and pressure data or to detect leakage for early mitigation.

Another area in which IoT is essential is smart building management, such as those involving hospitals, airports and shopping malls where power consumption is huge. IoT can be applied to help reduce the cost of power usage in such buildings.

“These are but just a few examples of IoT applications. In future, more things will be connected and there will be an increasing trend for IoT deployment in the country. People want more connectivity. Improving the quality of life is a major consideration for the consumer market while for business markets and enterprises, it is how to increase efficiency and productivity as well as to lower costs. Businesses will be more competitive than ever in future, so even a small reduction in costs will be of benefit,” says Ir. Dr Hafizal.

IMPLEMENTATION OF 5G

Ir. Dr Hafizal is a member of the Malaysian Communications & Multimedia Commission (MCMC) task force committee for 5G implementation in the country. He says 5G can help provide connectivity to IoT sensors and that Malaysia has taken steps towards implementation. According to him, 5G has three focus areas. The first is the Enhanced Mobile Broadband which can send data at a rate of 10 times higher

"IoT technology is used primarily to increase productivity and to reduce the cost of operation for industrial application. It can also be applied to drive engagement and customer experience, create new products and business models and advance environmental initiatives.

SIKA SOLUTIONS FOR THE OIL & GAS INDUSTRY

Sika offers a diverse range of services and state-of-the-art technological solutions to leading companies operating in the Oil & Gas Industry. Our focus remains on technological advancements in the fields of roofing, flooring, tank lining, sealing & bonding, machinery grouting, concrete repair, pipes protection with strengthening and marine repair and protection.

than the current 4G rate. The second focus is Ultra Reliable Low Latency Communications, such as for remote surgery which cannot afford any delay in transmission. The network for such a requirement involves transmission in milliseconds. The third area is Massive Machine Type Communication (MMTC) which allows telcos to embark on providing connectivity to support various IoT applications.

“Telcos must cater for future MMTC to avoid network congestion.This is not only for connecting humans but also things and services,” says Ir. Dr Hafizal, adding that it is good for the whole country to embark on 5G to enable more applications and deployment of IoT for huge economic benefits.

“On a scale of 1 to 5 (five being the full IoT deployment), I would say Malaysia is at stage 2 or 3. The use of IoT is not as widespread here as in China, Japan and South Korea where applications, especially in the development of smart cities and modernisation of network connectivity, are already advanced.”

In terms of developing connectivity, Malaysia had already taken the right direction in embarking on 4G. We are now moving towards 5G, while in platform development, more needs to be done although there are already companies which focus on this area. Other issues to be addressed are the lack of the economies of scale to produce the country’s own sensors and time-consuming factor in sensor hardware development work.

BIG CHALLENGES

Ir. Dr Hafizal says the biggest challenges in the development of IoT are the aspects of technical, social, business and security. Technical challenges encompass IoT devices. Key considerations are how to make devices at low cost, how to make them robust (so that when they are deployed, they can be used for a long time), how to make them connected anywhere, anytime and how to link the platform to the intelligence network, such as algorithm for data analysis

COVER STORY

and implementations based on data collected.

In terms of security, user concerns about security must be addressed while, from the technical aspect, endto-end security must be in place. Data sent via network from the sensors must be encrypted before reaching storage platforms such as Cloud services, which complete the IoT endto-end eco-system. Data stored in Cloud can be retrieved at any time and from anywhere for the purpose of implementing data intelligence and analytics in order to assess operational efficiency and plan mitigation measures.

IoT applications are supported by Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Augmented Reality (AR) technology. AI helps in understanding more about data and deriving meaningful conclusions which are useful for implementation, while AR provides more dimensions for the collected data which involve complex operations.

“In Malaysia, we will see more connected machines in factories and inside buildings such as hospitals and airports, in the immediate future. Indoor connections are already

happening in the first IoT wave,” says Ir. Dr Hafizal who predicts that the second wave will be in the utilities sector. As there will be a higher demand for electricity and water, IoT will enable the country to meet this demand efficiently. The third wave will occur outdoors, especially in the agriculture sector, in efforts to achieve widespread mechanisation.

As for the consumers market, he says the future will certainly see more and more things connected to the Internet, from TVs, mobile phones, vacuum cleaners and air-conditioners to washing machines and remote water meter readers.

Reading of meters for water usage in homes will no longer be done manually in future as remote reading will be possible with the use of IoT technology, such as LORA (long range low power wireless communications technology), Sigfox (wireless networks to connect low-power objects over long range with low data rate) and NB-IOT (NarrowBand-Internet of Things), which includes 5G for massive connectivity.

CAPACITY BUILDING

Since IoT is an emerging technology,

COVER STORY

graduates in engineering and information technology (IT) are the ones who can fill positions in this area. However, Ir. Dr Hafizal says they will need to get updated on the new technology as things are happening very fast. “Though we have a good supply of engineers and IT personnel currently, there is a major concern for the long term as there is a decrease in the number of students taking Science, Technology, Engineering & Mathematics (STEM) subjects in schools and universities.”

From tertiary education level to the stage of supply to the industry, university students and graduates can still learn new knowledge and acquire IoT skills. He says the entire education process must be updated to meet new as well as future requirements and for the divergence of knowledge and skills.

While it is critical for Malaysia to set in place the crucial IoT elements of sensors and actuators, network, connectivity and application enablement platforms to make IoT deployment successful, it is also equally important to develop people with the knowledge and skills to drive it. It is the people who can identify the processes to define and improve

"IoT is also widely used in the engineering sector, with crossdisciplinary applications, such as between mechanical and electronics,and other engineering fields. IoT is particularly useful in areas which require predictive maintenance that can facilitate proactive maintenance.

"success metrics and to establish embedded sensors in order to capture information as well as to install IoT devices and ensure that these are appropriately linked to analytics tools. It is also the people who can conduct analysis to uncover performances and trends as well as recommend actions to optimise performance. After all, what really matters is not the mere action of collecting or analysing data, but what to do with it. This is where capacity planning initiatives come in and it is especially crucial for Malaysia, more so if we want to gain a lot more from the socio-economic perspective. The emergence of IoT is spawning new forms of businesses which can help our economy to become robust,

while the deployment of IoT will not only gain traction in industries such as engineering, transportation and logistics but also in consumer sectors such as home automation and connected homes which can further enhance the people’s lifestyle and to be in tune with the progress in more advanced nations.

Ir. Dr Hafizal Mohamad, received the B.Eng. with First Class Honours and Ph.D. in Electronic Engineering from University of Southampton, UK in 1998 and 2003, respectively. He was a faculty member at the Multimedia University, Malaysia from 1998. Since 2007, he is a senior staff researcher at MIMOS Berhad, working on IoT, sensors and cognitive radio network. He received the ASEAN Outstanding Scientist & Technologist Award in 2017. He has published over 100 articles in high impact journals and conference proceedings. He has 7 patents granted and 41 patents filed.

Ir. Dr Hafizal Mohamad (right) with Ir. Tan Seng Khoon, committee member of IEM Information & Communications Technology Special Interest Group, in the IoT laboratory showcase at MIMOS office Technology Park Malaysia.

Smart Home

FEATURE

INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS WITH NETWORK MONITORING AND PASSENGER RECOGNITION

The expansion of Internet of Things (IoT) networks and the evolution of machine learning technologies have resulted in overall smart city frameworks, including intelligent transport systems with network monitoring and passenger recognition.

Recent years have seen the growing popularity of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) owing to the evolution of wireless communications and machine learning. 5G technology has also pushed the boundaries of achievable transmission rates.

According to International Telecommunication Union (ITU) [1], 5G capabilities can reach up to 20 Gbps for peak data rate and machines can learn and subsequently execute human tasks, such as speech translation and object recognition, in real time. For instance, the average time per inference of image classification is less than one second.

Transportation systems equipped with machine learning and networking, fall into the scope of IoT. The role of IoT is to connect all things together and allow the sharing of data. For example, with IoT, transportation authorities will be able to track the GPS coordinates of each vehicle and monitor its movements.

Bus service is likely to be main bottleneck of the entire public transportation system since it serves as the bridge to the first and last-mile connectivity. Excellent bus service quality can enhance commuter experience and subsequently boost overall public transport ridership. This motivates us to consider IoT bus systems with two features: Network monitoring and passenger recognition.

Network monitoring enables bus operators to identify possible network blind spots which can pose a significant challenge to bus fleet management system in terms of capturing accurate real-time bus GPS data. In turn, this may affect user experience as passengers rely on the estimated time arrival calculated from unreliable GPS data.

Apart from that, passenger recognition is also vital for urban mobility planning as gender and age are some of the

decisive variables which will influence travel patterns and transit ridership. To this end, we have developed a prototype which monitors the mobile signal strength, measures GPS data, counts the on-board passengers and predicts their age and gender. Collected data is uploaded to backend and visualised on a smart dashboard for further analysis.

METHODS

Figure 1 depicts the embedded system, which consists of Raspberry Pi 3 as the host, with Movidius Neural Compute Sticks (NCSs), USB webcam and GPS sensor as peripherals. Passenger Counting with Gender & Age Recognition: We leveraged on deep learning approach to realise passenger counting with gender and age recognition. We employed 3 pre-trained models – MobileNet-SSD [3], AgeNet and GenderNet [4] – all of which were converted into graph file for Movidius NCS compatibility using Neural Compute Software Development Kit (NCSDK) [5] with Caffe framework [6].

The graph conversion enables inference acceleration of these three deep learning models. MobileNet-SSD can

Chew Vee Jeng

Tham Mau-Luen

Chang Yoong Choon

Figure 1: Developed prototype

FEATURE

detect person accurately, but it cannot discern between individual passengers. To circumvent this issue, we implemented centroid tracking algorithm as in [7] to track the same person. Once the same person was detected, the passenger count would be incremented. The image was then fed into AgeNet and GenderNet for age and gender analysis. The process was repeated for every single person boarding the bus and the collected data uploaded to a backend server. Figure 2 shows the test-bed setup where we placed the prototype inside a bus.

Network Monitoring: Download speed, upload speed and ping were measured periodically as the bus travelled across the Bandar Sungai Long area (Figure 3). Corresponding GPS coordinates were recorded in order to discover potential network blind spots. Similar to Section IIA, the collected data was uploaded to the same backend server.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

For the performance of deep learning models, we adopted the commonly used precision and recall as evaluation metrics. Precision means how much of the output predicted as positive, is correct. Recall indicates that among all of the actual positive results, how many are predicted as positive. Mathematically, precision and recall can be expressed

Precision = True Positive

True Positive+False Positive

Recall = True Positive

True Positive+False Negative

(1)

(2)

as respectively. The reason why we leveraged the offline dataset for performance evaluation was that the sample size of the collected data inside bus was too small to obtain statistically meaningful results. The actual test is visualised in Figure 4.

Passenger Counting: The test images, extracting from INRIA Person Dataset [8], consisted of 1,391 images with 1,129 human (positive) and 262 non-human (negative) images. Figure 5 shows the tradeoff between precision and recall for different thresholds. It can be observed that the solution yields high precision and high recall, with almost all results labelled correctly.

Gender Prediction: The test images, extracting “Looking at People Workshop” [9], consisted of 703 images (471 male, 232 female). Different from Section III-A, we employed confusion matrix as the evaluation metric as gender prediction belonged to the multi-class classifier. Table 1 displays the computed value. The precision-recall pairs (in unit of %) for MALE and FEMALE are (86.28, 78.77) and (63.37, 74.57), respectively.

Table 1: Confusion matrix of gender prediction on test images

n = 703

Predicted: MALE Predicted: FEMALE

Actual: MALE 371 (True Male) 100 (False Female)

Actual: FEMALE 59 (False Male) 173 (True Female)

Age Prediction: The test images, extracting from LFW datasets [10], consisted of 566 images with 1 (age 8-12), 15 (age 15-20), 154 (age 25-32), 123 (age 38-43), 211 (age 48-53) and 62 (age 60-100) images. Table 2 displays the computed value. The precision-recall pairs (in unit of %) for each age category are (0, 100), (0, 0), (33.49, 50.34), (27.78, 0.04), (36.36, 0.02), and (28.57, 9.67), respectively. It can be observed that the age prediction performs poorer than gender prediction in terms of both precision and recall.

Figure 2: Test-bed setup

Figure 4: Passenger detection

Figure 3: UTAR bus route

FEATURE

2019 11.43 AM 6 3 2 0 0 0 4 2 1 0

One possible reason is that the neural network model is using large-scale nonAsian face dataset during training phase.

Inference Time: Short inference time is another important metric that demonstrates whether the low-power embedded system can be deployed in practical scenarios. Figure 6 shows the inference time needed for MobilenetSSD, AgeNet and GenderNet. It can be seen that Mobilenet-SSD performs 9 times faster than the other two models. This is because its neural network structure is lightweight, so it can be comfortably run in real time on resource-constrained devices. Note that we adopted Movidius NCS to amplify the concept of edge computing, where each bus was expected to handle the real-time passenger counting. Nevertheless, some decisions will require peripheral, cloud-based information. For example, real-time seating capacity within each bus can be shared to cloud systems for navigation decisions and route-planning. As a benchmark, Mobilenet-SSD without Movidius NCS is 38 times slower than Mobilenet-SSD with Movidius NCS.

Smart Dashboard: After the local data collection and analysis, the number of passengers as well as their age and gender, were displayed on a dashboard. Operators could access the information through an Internet browser from their mobile devices (Figure 7).

Figure 5: Precision vs. Recall for passenger detection

Figure 6: Inference time of 3 deep learning models

Figure 7: Dashboard on internet browser

Male Passenger Female Passenger

FEATURE

8: Network and GPS measurements

Network Monitoring: Figure 8 displays the network and GPS measurement results. The average values of ping, download and upload were 55.6 ms, 6.218 Mbps and 3.179 Mbps. Mobile connectivity dropped significantly when the bus was approaching the GPS coordinate of (3.04624, 101.8051). It recorded the values of 143.566 ms, 3.46 Mbps and 0.28 Mbps. One possible reason was that the bus was in the vicinity of high rise building which might have triggered fading.

CONCLUSION

A prototype has been developed to achieve intelligent transport solutions. The IoT solution counts passengers who board the bus and predicts their age and gender. The demographic data is visualised and transmitted to a remote server for future transportation planning. Concurrently, the device is able to perform drive testing automatically. By logging each GPS location, the device can discover network blind spots and inform transportation authorities. Ultimately, the data will offer new insights for the nation’s long-term economic, social and environmental sustainability.

In future, we plan to use LoRa for more precise GPS coordinates of a vehicle. Besides that, the accuracy of age classification can be enhanced with more relevant training dataset.

REFERENCES

[1] Series, M., 2015. IMT Vision–Framework and overall objectives of the future development of IMT for 2020 and beyond. Recommendation ITU, pp.2083-0.

[2] Pena, D., Forembski, A., Xu, X. and Moloney, D., 2017. Benchmarking of CNNs for low-cost, low-power robotics applications. In RSS 2017 Workshop: New Frontier for Deep Learning in Robotics.

[3] Howard, A.G., Zhu, M., Chen, B., Kalenichenko, D., Wang, W., Weyand, T., Andreetto, M. and Adam, H., 2017. Mobilenets: Efficient convolutional neural networks for mobile vision applications. arXiv preprint arXiv:1704.04863

[4] Levi, G. and Hassner, T., 2015. Age and gender classification using convolutional neural networks. In Proceedings of the IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition workshops (pp. 34-42).

[5] Intel. Deploying Your Customized Caffe Models on Intel® Movidius™ Neural Compute Stick. Retrieved April 6, 2019, from https://movidius. github.io/blog/deploying-custom-caffe-models/

[6] Jia, Y., Shelhamer, E., Donahue, J., Karayev, S., Long, J., Girshick, R., Guadarrama, S. and Darrell, T., 2014, November. Caffe: Convolutional architecture for fast feature embedding. In Proceedings of the 22nd ACM international conference on Multimedia (pp. 675678). ACM.

[7] Adrian Rosebruck, 2018, Simple object tracking with OpenCV [Online]. Available at: https://www.pyimagesearch.com/2018/07/23/ simple-object-tracking-with-opencv/ [Accessed: 6 April 2019].

[8] Dalal, N. and Triggs, B., 2005, June. Histograms of oriented gradients for human detection. In international Conference on computer vision & Pattern Recognition (CVPR'05) (Vol. 1, pp. 886-893). IEEE Computer Society.

[9] Rothe, R., Timofte, R. and Van Gool, L., 2015. Dex: Deep expectation of apparent age from a single image. In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision Workshops (pp. 1015).

[10] Huang, G.B., Mattar, M., Berg, T. and Learned-Miller, E., 2008, October. Labeled faces in the wild: A database forstudying face recognition in unconstrained environments. In Workshop on faces in'Real-Life'Images: detection, alignment, and recognition.

Authors‘ Biodata

Chew Vee Jeng is a Business & Integration arch analyst in a global IT and management consulting firm and a student at the Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman.

Tham Mau-Luen is assistant professor in the Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman.

Chang Yoong Choon is associate professor at the Lee Kong Chian Faculty of Engineering & Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman.

CONGRATULATIONS

Congratulations to Tan Sri Dato’ Dr Francis Yeoh Sock Ping for his conferment of the honorary British award of Knight Commander of The Most Excellent Order of the British Empire (KBE) by Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II for services to UK - Malaysian bilateral relations at Clarence House, London, on 13 October 2019.

DECEMBER 2019

Approved CPD Hours : 12.5

2-Day Course on “Technical Writing for Engineers and Technical Personnels”

Date : 16 - 17 December 2019 (Monday - Tuesday) Time : 9.00 a.m. to 5.30 p.m.

Venue : Wisma IEM

Speaker : Ir. Danaraj A/L Chandrasegaran

Figure

rockfall protection systems and natural hazard mitigation to ensure security and safety of infrastructures, mine works, buildings as well as people. By under standing natural hazards that clients are facing in today’s world, Maccaferri is able to provide the most appropriate and cost bespoke software in the design process.

Maccaferri Rockfall and Landslide Mitigation System

FEATURE AUTOMATED IRRIGATION SYSTEM USING IoT

Water is vital to life and, with greater demand due to the increase in world population, the ground water level is decreasing day by day. Lack of rain and the scarcity of land water have also resulted in a decrease in the volume of water on the planet [2]. The decrease in water supply has resulted in food shortage and this is a major concern around the world.

Agriculture is one area where water is required continuously and in tremendous quantities. At the same time, agricultural land use must be improved to provide good harvest of crops in an efficient and fast way [3].

Agricultural productivity enhancement is advancing progressively through the use of more technological and innovative sensors and network technologies. These advancements, along with multichip networks which exploit the mesh network topology, can help monitor and control agriculture activities over the years.

Today irrigation is practised mainly using canal systems in which water is pumped into agricultural land without any feedback on the water level or moisture condition of the land [4]. This type of irrigation can affect crop health and produces a poor yield because some crops are extremely sensitive to water content of the soil [5].

To overcome these issues, it is necessary to implement automation for the irrigation of fields. It is necessary to develop an integrated system which can effectively and efficiently deliver water to crops.

This is where the Internet of Things (IoT) can play an important role. Drip irrigation, for instance, helps save water but when deployed on a large scale, there may be problems with manual control.

One common solution is to set up a Wireless Sensor and Actuator Network (WSAN) but the use of wireless technology in agriculture is not without technical challenges which include battery life and long-range capabilities [1].

Technologies such as ZigBee™ and Bluetooth have long been used to establish a low-power, short-range system [6]. Although these standards are considered low-cost systems, their limited coverage (~100 metres) is a major drawback that makes them difficult for deployment in large-scale irrigation systems.

On the other hand, cellular networks such as GSM or LTE can provide long-range transmission to form WSANs;

these have been successfully tested to control irrigation systems [7]. These systems require solar panels for each node to compensate for the higher power consumption of the cellular network. The dependence on the availability of mobile networks also makes them questionable for use in remote rural areas.

An alternative solution for establishing long-range, low power and low-cost is the Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) [8]. The main differences between LPWANs and the previous technologies are the use of long-range radio links, deployment of the star network topologies and low data transmissions rate.

Sigfox, Ingenu, NB-IoT, DASH7, and LoRaWAN are examples of LPWAN. These have a coverage distance of a few kilometres and have both advantages and disadvantageous in terms of cost, scalability, power consumption and data transmissions rate.

Since wireless technology controls drip irrigation, it requires minimal data exchange, so any of these network types can serve the purpose.

Among them, LoRa is a relatively new technology that operates on the LoRaWAN protocol. Among its competitors, it has the highest radio link budget and the best “cost vs range & power” tradeoff [9] and for this reason, the LoRa modem was chosen for a radio link in this project.

In this article, we look at how we can overcome these technical challenges using LoRa technology, a simple, yet cost-effective protocol designed specifically for the control of drip irrigation systems.

LoRa technology can cover distances of 15-20 km with minimal consumption of energy; this means batteries can operate for a much longer period of time. The system can detect soil moisture, ambient temperature and humidity via the wireless.

PROPOSED WORK

In the agricultural field section, sensors, such as those used to detect soil moisture levels, are deployed in the field. Figure 1 shows how data collected from these sensors are sent to the Gateway Point by LoRa, and then to the database by LoRaWN.

In the control section, the system is turned on using the on/off buttons; it can also be turned on automatically

Mohammad T. Hajibeigy

Mohammed Al Jabri

FEATURE

when the soil moisture level dips below the set point. Upon receiving a signal from the control, the unit pump will release water till the soil moisture level reaches the moisture set point. For manual mode, there is a manual switch in the field which ensures that should the system fail, the farmer can turn the water supply on and off.

DEVICES USED IN THE PROPOSED SYSTEM

1. At mega 329p Microcontroller own board

Figure 2 shows the microcontroller used to read the data and to control the whole system logic.

2. Soil Moisture Sensor

Figure 3 shows soil moisture sensors which measure the volumetric water content in the soil. This sensor has two probes through which current passes in soil and then read the resistance of soil moisture level.

3. Temperature & Humidity Sensor

Figure 4 shows a basic, ultra-low-cost digital temperature and humidity sensor. It uses a capacitive humidity sensor and a thermostat to measure the surrounding air and spits out a digital signal on the data pin.

4. LoRa Wireless Technology

Figure 5 shows LoRa technology which is used to transmit bi-directional information over a long distance without the need for a lot of electrical power. Typically, LoRa can achieve 15-20 km and can work on battery for years [9].

SUMMARY

An efficient and reliable irrigation system for agricultural land is vital for producing large quantities of healthy crops. LoRa is a reliable and efficient low power technology which is also long range at low costs. Compared to existing systems, this proposed system works well for large irrigation systems in a sustainable way.

REFERENCES

[1] Kavianand, G., Nivas, V.M., Kiruthika, R. and Lalitha, S., 2016, July. Smart drip irrigation system for sustainable agriculture. In 2016 IEEE Technological Innovations in ICT for Agriculture and Rural Development (TIAR) (pp. 19-22). IEEE.

[2] Famiglietti, J.S., 2014. The global groundwater crisis. Nature Climate Change, 4(11), p.945.

[3] Molden, D., 2013. Water for food water for life: A comprehensive assessment of water management in agriculture. Routledge.

[4] McKay, J. and Keremane, G.B., 2006. Farmers' perception on selfcreated water management rules in a pioneer scheme: The mula irrigation scheme, India. Irrigation and Drainage Systems, 20(2-3), pp.205-223.

[5] Kahlown, M.A. and Ashraf, M., 2005. Effect of shallow groundwater table on crop water requirements and crop yields. Agricultural Water Management, 76(1), pp.24-35.

[6] Satyanarayana, G.V. and Mazaruddin, S.D., 2013, April. Wireless sensor based remote monitoring system for agriculture using ZigBee and GPS. In Proceedings of the Conference on Advances in Communication and Control Systems-2013. Atlantis Press.

[7] Poursafar, N., Alahi, M.E.E. and Mukhopadhyay, S., 2017, December. Long-range wireless technologies for IoT applications: a review. In 2017 Eleventh International Conference on Sensing Technology (ICST) (pp. 1-6). IEEE.

[8] Nolan, K.E., Guibene, W. and Kelly, M.Y., 2016, September. An evaluation of low power wide area network technologies for the Internet of Things. In 2016 international wireless communications and mobile computing conference (IWCMC) (pp. 439-444). IEEE.

[9] Mikhaylov, K., Petaejaejaervi, J. and Haenninen, T., 2016, May. Analysis of capacity and scalability of the LoRa low power wide area network technology. In European Wireless 2016; 22th European Wireless Conference (pp. 1-6). VDE.

Authors‘ Biodata

Mohammad T. Hajibeigy is a senior lecturer at the Faculty of Innovation & Technology, Taylor’s University.

Mohammed Al Jabri is an electronics instructor in the department of electronics and telecommunication engineering, Global College for Engineering & Technology.

Figure 1: Proposed design using LoRa Technology

Figure 2: Mega-based Own microcontroller module

Figure 3: Soil moisture sensor

Figure 5: SX1278 LoRa module

Figure 4: Temperature and humidity sensor

ADVENT OF 5G ERA: PROMISES & CHALLENGES

Ir. Azizi bin A. Hadi

Fifth generation mobile network technology or 5G offers several improvements over existing 4G and the older 3G and 2G technology. With bold claims such as the ability to power self-driving cars and stream virtual reality, the promise of 5G in Malaysia has captured the imagination of both tech-geeks and casual internet surfers.

But even the basic promise of 5G being 20 times faster than 4G alone should be reason enough to get excited, which is why we welcome news that the Malaysian Government is committed to implementing 5G within the next 2-3 years.

2G network was designed and built mainly for voice and short messaging service (SMS). Then came 3G which primarily improved the web browsing experience introduced during the 2.5G enhancement. Both 2G and 3G were based on time division multiplex (TDM) and worked on 64kbps timeslots.

4G was a full internet protocol (IP) technology designed to improve video streaming experiences and for highspeed data applications. These 3 network configurations work on relatively low frequency spectrum at 700MHz to 2.5GHz, depending on the spectrum availability of individual countries.

The 5G wireless network promises 3 types of broad services: Enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), ultrareliable and low latency communications (URLLC) and massive machine type communications (mMTC).

The initial phase of 5G deployment focuses on eMBB which provides greater data-bandwidth complemented by moderate latency improvements. This is mainly achieved through deployment of 5G Non-Standalone (NSA) on 4G LTE and 5G NR (New Radio) network. As a result, service providers can develop existing mobile broadband use cases such as AR/VR (augmented reality/virtual reality) contents and applications, ultra HD (UHD) video streaming and many more which require large bandwidth transfer.

mMTC standard has been developed for low power wide area technology which include narrow-band Internet of Things (NB-IoT) which can be supported by 4G LTE network. Typical use cases are remote utility meters, remote generator set monitoring, smart traffic light and street light management and many more applications. Applications that require larger bandwidth or speed with ultra-reliable

low latency will require the 5G Core (5GC) deployment for full end-to-end latency improvement.

Mission critical applications which are latency-sensitive such as autonomous cars will also require wide and contiguous coverage which is highly unlikely to happen in early 5G deployment since it requires heavy investment by service providers.

Despite the promises of 5G network technology as described above, service providers are facing challenges and uncertainties in rolling it out. Some challenges which require much consideration are use cases and business case, spectrum availability, high capex investment and operating costs.

Lack of demand and a clear business case for 5G network rollout are likely to slow its adoption and deployment. Use cases that can be translated into new revenue for 5G investments, are limited for the time being. Most of the use cases for early 5G services are related to increasing the bandwidth and capacity of existing 4G networks of service providers.

Even though there are more bandwidth hunger applications such as AR/VR and UHD video streaming, there is no new money to be made since the new packages will either offer higher usage capping or even unlimited usage. Therefore, service providers will find it difficult to justify for capex and opex investments for 5G network rollout in the next 2-3 years.

Spectrum is key in rolling out a 5G network in any country.The 3 spectrum bands identified for this are divided into 3 broad categories: Low band of sub-1GHz, mid band 1 to 6 GHz and upper band of 6GHz and above.

Low band is suitable for IoT services deployment and to extend mobile broadband coverage to rural areas. This is because the propagation properties of the spectrum enable 5G to cover very wide areas and to penetrate deep inside buildings for better indoor reception.

The mid-band spectrum offers a good mix of coverage and capacity for a 5G network. There are a few spectrum slots available in many countries, typically 2.3GHz, 2.6GHz, with the most popular being 3.5GHz. Most of these spectrum slots in mid-band have been allocated to mobile service providers for 4G rollout and 3.5GHz is being used for VSAT service. There is a need to

FEATURE

review and potentially to re-farm these spectrums for 5G network.

Spectrum in the upper band offers significant throughput since there are very large spectrum bandwidths which can be allocated for mobile broadband. This band is also called millimeter wave band with much smaller cell size for every site and is subjected to blocking when there is wall at the user site.

There are a few sets of spectrums available for service operators to suit their use cases for 5G rollout. Their choice will depend on geographical location, use cases to be rolled out, spectrum band availability, inter-operability, availability of chipset as well as end users’ device availability and entry cost.

5G network operators are expected to incur significantly higher capital expenditure to rollout a similar network coverage of 4G because 5G is using far more small cells to cover the same area. This is expected if operators plan to achieve optimum throughput and low latency connectivity throughout the network. This higher number of cell sites translates to higher costs from site rental and backhauls to connect to the operators’ core network. Operators are also expected to invest heavily to get the

right spectrum band and bandwidth to support their business plan.

5G promises to improve user experience when compared to existing mobile services and the introduction of new use cases that can be enjoyed by the public. These promises come with a set of challenges that need to be addressed by service providers to ensure that whatever investments made will provide reasonable returns. It will be interesting to observe the announcement by the regulator and industry players in the next few months before we can really enjoy 5G services in Malaysia.

REFERENCES

[1] Road to 5G: Introduction and Migration, GSMA, 2018.

[2] The Push for 5G Shaking Up the Landscape, Sector Briefing number 35, DBS, January 2017.

[3] Moody’s Investors Service Sector In-Depth, 27 June 2019.

[4] Huawei’s 5G Presentation to Telekom Malaysia, 19 June 2019.

[5] ZTE’s 5G Presentation to Telekom Malaysia, 20 June 2019.

Author's Biodata

MEMBERSHIP RENEWAL 2019 (REMINDER)

Dear IEM members,

Members who have not paid their annual subscriptions for year 201 8/2019.

We would like to inform that the annual subscription may be paid using the following modes:

 Online via the MyIEM portal by M2u, RHB Now, Visa/Master Card (re fer attached for instructions)

 Cheque made payable to The Institution of Engineers, Malaysia

 Cash payment at our IEM counter

For your information, membership subscription is essential for IEM to sustain activities organised for the benefit of members and therefore highly essential to us to continue with our existence. As reported at the last AGM, IEM organises approximately 300 to 350 events annually for the benefit of members to improve/advance their knowledge or to keep abreast with the latest developme nts. We try to keep our registration fee low so that it is affordable to all members.

I personally appeal to you to demonstrate your commitment by immediately logging into the portal and making the small payment which is outstanding at present.

Please assist us at the IEM Council in our endeavour to grow and sustain our membership and our beloved Institution.

Thank you.

Ir. David Lai Kong Phooi President

Session 2019/2020

Ir. Azizi bin A. Hadi, the chief officer network of TM One, has over 20 years of experience in the telecommunications industry

FEATURE 5G: ENABLING TECHNOLOGIES & APPLICATIONS

Dr Yeo Kwok Shien

As a result of digitisation of organisational/personal information and the ever increasing popularity of smart devices and applications, the demand for high-speed data connectivity is putting great pressure on existing mobile networks.

According to white papers published by Cisco Visual Networking Index Forcast [1], the global mobile data traffic will increase manifold in the next few years, reaching 77.5 exabytes per month by year 2022, and there will be 12.3 billion mobile-connected devices (including machine-tomachine modules).

It is estimated that the average smartphone will be generating 11GB of traffic per month (as compared to 2GB per month in 2017), while nearly 80% of the world’s mobile data traffic will be videos by 2022. Countries like the United States, China, South Korea and Japan are in the race to develop, test and deploy 5G communication networks, not just because 5G technology will enable new types of services (such as autonomous vehicle system) and so gain great economical advantage, but it is also commonly agreed that 5G technology is a strategic resource for staying ahead, military-wise.

It is also generally believed that the 5G wireless system will eventually govern almost everything in a city or even a country, e.g. in critical areas such as traffic flow, utilities, lighting, healthcare, smart city applications and more.

FIVE TECHNOLOGIES TO PROPEL 5G & THE CHALLENGES

To achieve the KPIs of 5G (high download speed, low latency, ultra-reliable and provide massive connection capabilities), various technologies have been identified as the potential key to enable components to the 5G networks [2]:

1. Milimeter Wave: Higher data transmission rates require wider spectrum width allocations. In order to transmit at a data rate of several Gbps, a new, unused, high frequency band has to be exploited. The conventional mobile signal resides in the UHF range between 850MHz and 2.5GHz.

For the 5G network, the proposed allocated spectrum is the mm-wave band, which spans from 30GHz to 300GHz. By migrating mobile signal frequency band from MHz range to GHz, the available spectrum has to be increased by 3 order. However, unlike existing mobile signal frequencies which can travel reliably over several kilometres, mm-wave frequencies signals are easily blocked by buildings, rain or trees. So, mm-wave networks can only be deployed for short-range, densely populated areas such as urban cities. Alternatively, there are proposals to utilise the sub-6 GHz frequency band to trade for longer transmission length with decent transmission speed improvement.

2. Small cells: If the mm-wave spectrum is adopted for 5G network, an antenna with a much smaller dimension has to be used in the network infrastructure. Small cells are low-power, miniature base stations and are typically placed every 200-250m within an area, in contrast to traditional cell networks where the base stations can be kilometres apart. So the service provider of mm-wave networks will face greater infrastructure challenges as hundreds of thousands of small cells have to be placed in a given area to ensure service quality.

3. Massive MIMO: MIMO stands for Multiple-Input MultipleOutput. A MIMO system utilises a large number of antenna elements at the base stations. By doing so, these antenna arrays provide extra degree of freedom, in spatial aspects. Thus spatial multiplexing techniques

Figure 1: Global growth of smart mobile devices and connection [1]

FEATURE

can be adopted to substantially increase spectral efficiency per cell. However, signal interference is severe when many antenna arrays aggregate together.

4. Beam Forming: Beam forming is possible when the antenna arrays in a MIMO system are capable of autoaligning themselves in a particular pattern so that the signal beam emitted is efficiently transmitted to a nearby user. In other words, the antenna array is “smart” and able to focus a signal beam in a designated direction. This also reduces wastage of transmission power in other undesired directions and, at the same time, elongate the signal propagation length in the desired direction.The main challenge here is the highly complex algorithm computation to estimate the antenna pattern and it eventually leads to high power consumption for implementing the complex computation.

5. Full Duplex: Full duplex capability of the 5G antenna is crucial to ensure low latency of data transmission. In a full duplex system, the transceiver will be able to transmit and receive data at the same time, on the same frequency channel over the same antenna. Major advantages of the full duplex system are a shorter system response time as well as saving of physical resources. However, simultaneous uplink and downlink on the same resource block can cause self-interference.

EMERGING APPLICATIONS

5G is perceived as the fundamental platform for many new and high economic value applications. The following are some potential applications that can be made possible with 5G network [3]:

Automotive: With ultra-high reliability, ultra-high availability and ultra-low latency features offered by 5G connection, it will be possible for vehicles to connect with the surroundings at various travelling speeds, e.g. vehicles can be connected to other vehicles, pedestrians, roadside infrastructure etc. With this, several interesting applications will be feasible, such as vehicle platooning, where a group of self-driving cars can travel very closely together at high speed yet safely, to provide a smoother traffic flow.

Smart Cities: Urban populations have been increasing exponentially every year and this has been driving strong needs for better city resource conservation, efficient energy management and rapid emergency response etc. to attract investment and visitors.

5G networks offer massive connectivity feature and ultra-fast data transfer technology that a city will need, both for governance and use by residents. For example, smart grid and advanced electricity metering infrastructure, digitalised municipal services and city safety monitoring system are a few aspects that a smart city will want to adopt.

Health care: The health care sector will also benefit from 5G high bandwidth, low latency and high reliability, high availability and massive connectivity features. Wearables

(e.g. portable artificial heart) which provide mobility convenience to the user will require a reliable network connection for data collection. Another benefit is remote surgery as the physical location of the surgical team and the patient will not be a limitation since the virtual surgical equipment and the physical one are connected to the network.

CONCLUSION

5G mobile technology is viewed as the fundamental platform for futuristic, militarily strategic and high-economic value applications/systems that will greatly improve the way we live. The major key features that 5G can offer, besides high data transmission rate, are ultra-low latency (<1ms), ultra-high reliability and massive connectivity. The deployment work of the 5G network is expected to kick off in 2020, and the competition to get ahead of this 5G race is stiff. There are 5 key technologies that have been identified to the essentials components of 5G network: The mm-Wave Technology, Small Cells, MIMO system, Beam Forming and Full Duplex system. Finally, we also see several interesting applications that can be the result of a 5G network.

REFERENCES

[1] “Cisco Visual Networking Index: Global Mobile Data Traffic Forecast Update, 2017-2022 White Paper - Cisco.” [Online]. Available: https:// www.cisco.com/c/en/us/solutions/collateral/service-provider/visualnetworking-index-vni/white-paper-c11-738429.html. [Accessed: 30Jun-2019].

[2] P. 27 J. 2017 | 19:00 GMT, “Everything You Need To Know About 5g - IEEE Spectrum,” IEEE Spectrum: Technology, Engineering, and Science News. [Online]. Available: https://spectrum.ieee.org/ video/telecom/wireless/everything-you-need-to-know-about-5g. [Accessed: 09-Sep-2019].

[3] “Perspectives on 5G Applications and Services - IEEE Future Networks.” [Online]. Available: https://futurenetworks.ieee.org/ roadmap/perspectives-on-5g-applications-and-services. [Accessed: 11-Sep-2019].

CONGRATULATIONS

Congratulations to Y.Bhg. Tan Sri Dato’ Ir. Emeritus Prof. Dr Chuah Hean Teik who received the World Federation of Engineering Organisations (WFEO) Medal of Excellence in Engineering Education 2019 award at the World Engineers Convention & WFEO General Assembly in Melbourne on 23 November 2019.

Dr Yeo Kwok Shien is senior lecturer at the Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Technology, Tunku Abdul Rahman University College.

Author's Biodata

FEATURE

BELT ROAD INITIATIVE & MALAYSIAN

ENGINEERS: ORIGIN AND CONCERNS

Since the 2013 announcement of the Belt Road Initiative (BRI) by President Xi Ji-Ping, up till 2017, a total of 1,700 BRI projects had been led by 50 state-owned enterprises (Enderwick, 2018). By 2016, more than 100 countries expressed their support and 39 international organisations signed 46 agreements to take part in railway, energy pipeline and electricity projects (Fang, 2019; Wang, 2019).

The BRI involves two-thirds of the world’s population and contributes about US$21 trillion to the global GDP, making it the most ambitious geo-economic project ever in recent history (Ullah, 2019).

The BRI has received endorsement from global leaders as well as criticism as outlined below. At the BRI Forum in 2017, world leaders welcomed it but stressed that the “BRI should accommodate the interests and concerns of all

parties involved, and seeks a conjunction of interests and the biggest denominator for cooperation so as to give full play to the wisdom and creativity, strengths and potentials of all parties” (Lee, 2017).

Firstly, China approaches her role in the BRI in the following ways:

• China’s interest is high.

• China behaves like an investment partner, shifting risks to her partner countries.

• China has a no-strings approach to her partner governments.

• China’s authoritarian approach may encourage corruption and debt, which will push the voters in affected countries to demand for greater accountability (Balding, 2018).

Ir. Dr Wang Hong Kok Dr Chin Mui Yin

Mr. Kon Yee Qin

Figure 1: Mapping China’s Belt & Road Initiative. Source: Khan et al., (2018)

For enquiry please contact:

CRIB TECHNOLOGIES SDN BHD (564096-A), ARE WALL (M) SDN BHD (542608-W)

No. 28-2, Jalan Setia Utama AS U13/AS, Setia Alam, Sek U13, 40170 Shah Alam, Selangor Tel: +603-3359 1227 (Hunting Line) Fax: +603-3358 7392

Email: groadesb@yahoo.com Website: http://www.ctsbare.com

FEATURE

Secondly, and more recently, three BRI participating countries – Pakistan, Malaysia and Myanmar (Pantucci, 2018) – have asked that their contracts under the BRI be reviewed, downsized and renegotiated as they expressed their dissatisfactions.

Given the above-mentioned issues, the aim of this short paper is to explore the nature of the BRI and see how this promotes or otherwise, benefits for participating countries. Three questions are raised:

1. What is the origin and what are the motivations of the BRI?

2. Besides expecting economic growth, what are the concerns of the participating countries?

3. What is the real concern for Malaysian engineers?

We will discuss the origin and motivations of the BRI, followed by reflections on the BRI/FDI. The discussions and conclusion will round off this paper.

ORIGIN & MOTIVATIONS

The BRI is an evolving grand design calculated to allow China to reach greater heights, both economically and politically, on the world stage and this may well spell an end to the American-led unipolar civilisation. The BRI was made possible by a consistent and determined set of decision-makers in China, led by Deng Xiao-Ping when he took the helm in 1978. He opened up China to newlyfound trade opportunities and, in the process, made China the world’s “number one factory”.

In the view of Khan, Sandano, Pratt, and Farid (2018), “BRI has its roots in the ancient Chinese philosophy of Silk Road Spirit, which advocates promoting peace, cooperation, openness, inclusiveness, mutual learning and mutual benefit among all civilisations”.

The BRI is an evolving system of many clusters of Economic Corridors (ECs). Khan et al., (2018) listed six ECs under the BRI that enjoyed widespread attention (Figure 1): China-Pakistan EC, China-Indochina Peninsula EC, Bangladesh-ChinaIndia-Myanmar EC, China-Mongolia-Russia EC, China-Central and West Asia EC and New Eurasia Land Bridge.

There is a number of scholarly interpretations about the real motives of the BRI. The most comprehensive assessment, by Enderwick (2018), noted the following four economic considerations as motives for China to push the BRI.

• There is a need for China to secure new export routes. Relying only on the Straits of Malacca for export and import can pose risks in times of conflict.

• New routes open up the development potential of China’s western provinces where poverty level is higher than that of the eastern provinces. In other words, the BRI provides a new level playing field for these less developed provinces.

Figure 2: China’s inward and outward Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in Malaysia (US$, million).

Source: Yeoh et al., (2018)

FEATURE

• New routes address “imbalances within the China economy… any excess capacity from the industries can be exported”. For example, excess production of steel, cement and aluminum can be exported overseas.

• The BRI allows China to promote an alternative development model. By taking a leading role in the BRI, China places her interests first, rather than depend on international grant-funding agencies such as the World Bank.

BRI/FDI: STRATEGIC REFLECTIONS

The BRI, as a form of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), generally will drive human capital upgrading, increase productivity and boost economic growth. In this spirit, Yeoh, Chang & Zhang (2018) believed that the BRI and its associated projects should be welcomed into Malaysia.

See Table 1 for China’s outward FDI flows structure.

Figure 2 shows the rapid increase of China’s outward FDI into Malaysia, from US$1.97 million in 2003 to US$521.34 million in 2014. Malaysia enjoys 2 advantages over other ASEAN countries (Yeoh et al., 2018). First, Malaysian businessmen have a traditional linkage with China’s southeastern provinces. Second, Malaysia is, in fact, the holder of the Straits of Malacca and serves as China’s gateway to the ASEAN Economic Community.

Put differently, the BRI induces economic growth in participating countries for three reasons, according to Enderwick (2018):

• Expected upgrading of critical infrastructure will fill the gaps in trade and production networks.

• It reduces trade costs, especially for land-locked economies.

• In the long term, technology, information and practices arising from the BRI will bring higher sustainable growth rates to participating countries. However, the BRI is still in the infant stage as results may take 30-50 years to be appreciated. Decision-makers are being cautioned about the dangers of “quality failure” which may arise from a weak set of formal rules and informal constraints as evidenced from the dairy industry incident in China (Enderwick, 2009; Wang, 2019).

Liu, Tian and Liu (2018) also discussed the flipsides of the BRI: Diversity of aims, opportunistic behaviour of local

governments in China, BRI defined as not foreign aid and fear of China’s strategic motivations.

First, while the big goal of BRI is identified as a “going out” policy for China, there are at least 10 different ways to define its “aims”. The lack of a clearer policy may spell trouble under limited resources.

Second, many local governments in China capitalise on the BRI concept and try every means to bring the BRI to their doorsteps. In other words, the best projects may not be selected.

Third, the BRI is not considered a foreign aid project. Its success, by right, is linked to economic viability.

Fourth, China claims that the BRI is not another modern Marshall Plan. Unlike the United States, China has no grand plan other than the economic motives that strive for winwin situations. Is that so? This leads us to see, in the next section, the effect of China’s FDI in Malaysia in recent years.

EMPIRICAL RESULTS OF CHINA’S FDI IN MALAYSIA

Many empirical studies on the relationship of FDI and economic growth have been conducted in the past, yet the results shown in these studies are unclear when applied to China and “Belt and Road” ASEAN countries. Based on the endogenous growth theory (Iamsiraroj, 2016), empirical evidences support the idea that economic growth is due to FDI.

Chin et al., (2019) undertook a study on the impact of China’s FDI in Malaysia’s economic growth by using the ordinary least square-based Autoregressive Distributes Lag (ARDL) method over the period 2012(Q1)-2018(Q4).

This study also disaggregated Malaysia’s FDI into 9 categories: Agriculture, forestry and fishing, mining and quarrying, manufacturing, construction, services activities, wholesale and retail trade, information and communication, financial and insurance/Takaful activities and other services.

The empirical result suggests that China’s FDI in Malaysia contributes to a positive and significant impact on our economic growth, which is consistent with the endogenous growth theory. The result also indicates that trade between China and Malaysia will, in the long run, spur our country’s economic growth significantly.

However and interestingly, the result also shows negative

Table 1: Structure of China's outward FDI flows

Source: Yeoh et al., (2018)

Source: Chin et al., (2019)

correlational coefficients for the construction and wholesale sectors; engineers are categorised under the construction sector (Table 2).

DISCUSSION

In this section we return to the three questions raised earlier.

What is the origin and what are the motivations of the BRI? The origin of the BRI can be traced easily to an ancient land route that connected China to Central Asia and beyond, while the sea route connected China’s southern coastal provinces to South East Asian countries through the South China Sea, the Straits of Malacca and beyond.

While the BRI may seem to place China in the world spotlight, economically and politically, other researchers believe that the BRI focuses more on building mega infrastructures such as ports, highways and railways, since most participating countries need them for trade and economic growth. Therefore, the BRI would serve as a means to export surplus materials such as steel, cement, and aluminum from China to countries along the route.

Besides expecting economic growth, what are the concerns of participating countries? According to Pantucci (2018), 14% of the BRI-implemented projects are facing problems. The participating countries will rightfully worry about 3 issues: Reduced job opportunities for locals, being stuck in a debt trap due to their weaker economies and potentially incurring all BRI-associated risks instead of China (Lee, 2017; Greer, 2018; Liu et al., 2018). In addition, the lack of a comprehensive set of rules may compromise both project costs and quality (Wang, 2019; Enderwick, 2009).

What is the real concern for Malaysian engineers? The construction and wholesale sectors have negative correlational coefficients in terms of GDP (Chin et al., 2019). Indeed, the influx of workers from China may mean fewer work opportunities for Malaysian engineers in mega infrastructure projects such as ports, highways, railways, etc. This issue, however, may have been addressed since the revised East Coast Rail Link (ECRL) contract stipulates that 40% of the contract ought to be reserved for Malaysian companies.

CONCLUSION

While the BRI brings tremendous opportunities to the participating countries as sufficient infrastructure is a pre-requisite for economic growth, its success, or otherwise, remains to be seen as the BRI projects have yet to go through the full life-cycle.

For China to succeed in the BRI and produce win-win results for her country partners, the procurement method must be looked into, an open and transparent procurement method must be promoted and all BRI projects should stick to the best practice method. Future researchers may wish to examine further the long-term benefits of the BRI for participating countries.

Table 2: Disaggregated FDI correlational coefficients

Nehemiah

Prestress

Nehemiah-OVM provides the following products and services:

- Post-tensioning solution provider

- Carpark Flat Slab

- Transfer Plate

- Beams, Box Girders

- Alternative design solutions

- Cable systems (stay cable, main cable, hanger)

- Bridge bearing and expansion joint

- Construction solutions (heavy lifting, ILM, etc)

- Monitoring, repairing and strengthening for structures

Head Office

Nehemiah Prestress Sdn Bhd 1140945-A

No. 45-3, Jalan PJU 5/20

The Strand, Kota Damansara 47810 Petaling Jaya Selangor Darul Ehsan

Malaysia

Tel: (603) 6142 6638

Fax: (603) 6142 6693

Email: enquiry@nehemiahpt.com

Certified by the European Organization for Technical Approval

FEATURE

REFERENCES

[1] Balding, C. (2018). Why democracies are turning against Belt and Road: Corruption, debt, and backlash. Retrieved from https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/china/2018-10-24/whydemocracies-are-turning-against-belt-and-road.

[2] Chin, M.Y., Kon, Y.Q., & Wai, C.K. (2019). The impact of FDI from China on Malaysia’s economic growth, paper presented on 25 April 2019, TAR University College.

[3] Enderwick, P. (2009). Managing “quality failure” in China: Lessons from the dairy industry case. International Journal of Energy Markets, 4(3), 220-234.

[4] Enderwick, P. (2018). The economic growth and development effects of China’s One Belt, One Road initiative. Strategic Change, 27(5), 447-454.

[5] Fang, J. (2017). The Belt and Road initiative: Progress, problems, and prospects. In R. Daniel and Y. Ye (Ed.). Parallel perspectives on the global economic order: A U.S.-China Essay Collection (pp. 90-92). Retrieved from https://www.csis.org/belt-and-road-initiative-progress-problems-andprospects.

[6] Greer, T. (2018). One Belt, One Road, one big mistake. Retrieved from https://foreignpolicy. com/2018/12/06/bri-china-belt-road-initiative-blunder/.

[7] Huang, Y. (2016). Understanding China’s Belt and Road initiative: Motivation, framework and assessment. China Economic Review, 40, 314-321.

[8] Iamsiraroj, S. (2016). The foreign direct investment-economic growth nexus. International Review of Economics and Finance, 42, 116-133.

[9] Khan, M., Sandano, I., Pratt, C., & Farid, T. (2018). China’s Belt and Road initiative: A global model for an evolving approach to sustainable regional development. Sustainability, 10(11), 4234.

[10] Lee, Y.H. (2017). Xi’s One Belt One Road: A plan too big to fail? Retrieved from https://thediplomat. com/2017/12/xis-one-belt-one-road-a-plan-too-big-to-fail/.

[11] Liu, H.F., Tian, D.K., & Liu, Y. (2018). The Belt and Road initiative and reconstruction of the world order: Strategic reflections basing on a China-led new era. Journal of Applied Business and Economics, 20(5), 46-60.

[12] NDRC (2015). Vision and actions on jointly building Silk Road Economic Belt and 21stcentury Maritime Silk Road. Retrieved from http://en.ndrc.gov.cn/newsrelease/201503/ t20150330_669367.html.

[13] Pantucci, R. (2018). China’s Belt and Road hits problems but is still popular. Retrieved from https://www.ft.com/content/814b39ea-e8cd-11e8-a34c-663b3f553b35.

[14] Ullah, Z. (2019). Belt and Road initiative: Geopolitics, opportunities and challenges for regional integration. Retrieved from https://www.eurasiareview.com/09082019-belt-and-road-initiativegeopolitics-opportunities-and-challenges-for-regional-integration-oped/.

[15] Wang, G. (2019). Towards a rule-based Belt and Road initiative - Necessity and directions. Journal of International and Comparative Law, 6(1), 29-45.

[16] Yeoh, E.K.K., Chang, L., & Zhang, Y. (2018). China-Malaysia trade, tnvestment and cooperation in the contexts of China-Asian integration and the 21st century Maritime Silk Road construction. The Chinese Economy, 51(4), 298-317.

[17] Yu, H. (2016). China’s Belt and Road initiative and its implications for Southeast Asia. Asia Policy, 24(1), 117-122.

Authors' Biodata

College.

Dr Chin Mui Yin is deputy dean of TAR University College.

Mr. Kon Yee Qin is a lecturer at TAR University College.

DECEMBER 2019

Time : 9.00 a.m. to 5.30 p.m.

Venue : Wisma IEM

Approved CPD Hours : 14.0

2-Day Course on “Good Project Management Practices For Successful Project Delivery”

Date : 17 - 18 December 2019 (Monday - Tuesday)

Speaker : Dato' Ir. Dr Ahmad Anuar Othman

Ir. Dr Wang Hong Kok is Vice President, IEM (2019/2021) and principal lecturer at TAR University

Nehemiah A member of the Nehemiah Group

ENGINEER'S LENS

SI JAGUR, A HERITAGE CANNON

At Kota Tua in Jakarta is an antique cannon known as Si Jagur. Built by Manuel Tavares Bocarro in Macau, China, in the 16th century, this Portuguese 24-pounder was considered an arsenal engineering masterpiece at that time as its enormous firing power instilled great fear in the enemy.

Originally positioned in Fort St. Jago de Barra in Macau, Si Jagur was transferred to Malacca after it was captured by Governor Afonso de Albuquerque in 1511. However in 1641, when the Dutch defeated the Portuguese in Malacca, it became the property of the Kingdom of Holland and was brought to Kasteel Batavia (old name of Jakarta) to protect the city and port. There is an inscription on the cannon: EX ME IPSA RENATA

SUM which literally means “out of myself, I was reborn” and a cipher XVI which might describe the 16 smaller cannons which were recast to make Si Jagur. In 1809, when Kasteel Batavis was destroyed, it was relocated to Oud Batavia and later, transferred to its present location in Taman Fatahillah, Kota Tua.

Its body is made of iron metal weighing 3,500kg with a total length of 3.8m. It has a unique design of a clenched fist with thumb protruding between index and middle fingers. The fist symbolises Mano in Fica (representing sexual intercourse in Italian). Locals believe it is a gesture of fertility, so many married women come here, particularly on Thursday, to lay flowers and sit on the cannon, in the hope of conceiving.

Ir. Dr Oh Seong Por

FORUM

IEM-MDEC DIGITAL PARTNERSHIP

INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY SPECIAL INTEREST GROUP

reported by

On 31 January 2019, IEM President Ir. David Lai signed a partnership agreement with the Malaysia Digital Economy Corporation (MDEC) for the establishment of a digital maker hub in Wisma IEM. MDEC was represented by Ms. Sumitra Devi.

AIM & OBJECTIVE

Setting up a digital maker hub as a multipurpose resource room will enable digital activities to be conducted for the benefit of IEM members and the general public. The aim is to uplift digital knowledge and innovation for the development of the country. IEM members are encouraged to donate generously as well as to contribute to the digital maker hub to the best of their abilities.

The hub will also act as a collaboration platform for industries to develop digital solutions with IEM members and, more importantly, allow IEM members to exchange digital knowledge, ideas and solutions as well as to nurture entrepreneur spirits at the same time.

The digital maker hub will enable digital making activities such as computer program coding, apps development, 3D printing, robotics, embedded programming and data analytics. It will become a networking centre for the convergence of educators, students and industry experts.

It will also encourage the development of STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering & Mathematics) activities for school students.

ROLES & RESPONSIBILITIES OF IEM MAKER SPACE

Digital Making Activities/Classes: There will be digital making activities and workshop/classes for a minimum of 200 students on a yearly basis in areas such as physical computing (arduino, raspberry PI, robotics etc), software development (python programming, web development, app development etc), creative media (scratch programming, music/video/image editing, animation/ illustration/publication design) and engineering & design (3D modelling, sculpturing & printing etc).

Establishing a digital maker hub can help promote awareness activities and training courses for parents, teachers and students in the various states or regions. Students from the local communities who need help with their digital maker projects will be provided with mentoring and guidance. Activities or classes can be updated and featured on the #mydigitalmaker website.

Promotion & Awareness: The digital maker hub will allow the sharing of modules (computing, robotics, photography & videography) and digital maker champion module, the digital making resources co-developed by Ministry of Education (MoE) & MDEC to visiting schools for free. This includes #mydigitalmaker website branding logo in all physical & online activities, programmes and campaigns related to digital making. The hashtag #mydigitalmaker will be used in all relevant social media platforms whenever an organisation carries out digital maker activities and courses.

Sustainability: There are plans to put in a place a selffinancing model to ensure the long-term sustainability of the digital maker hub, including mobilising university volunteers as trainers/facilitators and running paid courses for target groups etc.

ROLES & RESPONSIBILITIES OF MDEC

MDEC will provide co-curricular modules (Computing, Robotics, Photography & Videography) of digital maker clubs, Digital Maker Champion modules and the Digital Maker Playbook, which offers guidance on establishing and operating a digital maker hub. MDEC will facilitate introductions and mutually beneficial partnerships with partners such as state education departments, ICT companies and crowd-funding platforms.

To promote the digital maker hub, MDEC will feature its location and activities on the #mydigitalmaker website and facebook page. It will also feature the brand name and/ or logo of partners on relevant platforms and promotional content, facilitate the promotion of #mydigitalmaker partner activities via Ministry of Education and provide a physical plaque for each digital maker hub.

Ir. Tan Seng Khoon

Group photograph

YOUNG ENGINEERS NATIONAL SUMMIT PENANG 2019

The IEM Young Engineers National Summit (NATSUM), an annual event for young engineers, was held in Penang this year.

NATSUM, a traditional annual event for young engineers, has a history dating back to over a decade. It is highly anticipated by young engineers who come together from all over Malaysia to network and exchange ideas, experience and knowledge as well as to discuss current issues encountered by graduate engineers and students in the university, workplace and society.

The host this year was Young Engineers Section (YES) of IEM (Penang Branch) which received the baton from YES (Pahang Branch) last year. NATSUM 2019 was held on 4 - 7 July 2019 in KOMTAR and M-Summit 191, bringing new conference experiences to 150 participants at the highest tower on Penang Island.

The guest of honour was Penang State Executive Councillor for public works, utilities and flood mitigation, Y.B. Zairil Khir Johari, who officiated at the opening ceremony in the KOMTAR Auditorium. In his speech, he expressed hope that more youths will be inspired to pursue engineering as a career.

Penang, being the Silicon Valley of the East, has a large number of global technology corporations located in Bayan Lepas Free Industrial Zone, Penang Science Park and Batu Kawan; these employ thousands of engineers. “We need more engineers, not only in Penang but also in the whole of Malaysia, to work together towards making us an advanced and developed country with highly skilled workers and professionals,” he said.

TECHNICAL VISITS

For NATSUM 2019, two technical visits were organised, to ViTrox Corporation Berhad and Penang Island City Council (MBPP) Smart City Surveillance Centre.

The first technical visit was to the ViTrox Campus 2.0 headquarters in the new Batu Kawan Industrial Park; ViTrox specialises in developing machine vision systems and automated optical inspection systems for applications in semiconductor and electronic packaging industries, such as printed circuit board assembly inspection and back-end integrated circuit assembly inspection.

The visit started with a plant tour to see operations of the various departments, including product assembly and testing, packaging, warehouse as well as R&D and administration. This was followed by a briefing on the company background.

The visit was a great learning experience, especially for young engineers and students who had never worked in a

Dr Tan Kim Seah Ir. Marcus Lim Eu Sheng Khaw Yao Shun

YOUNG ENGINEERS SECTION, PENANG BRANCH

Group photo at the opening ceremony of NATSUM 2019

IEM-YES (Penang Branch) bagged the award for Outstanding IEM-YES Branch Session 2018/2019

NEWS FROM BRANCH

factory. They were also given the chance to explore the working culture in high-tech industries which Penang is famous for.

The second technical visit was to MBPP Smart City Surveillance Centre (CCTV Operation Room) on the 4th floor of KOMTAR. Here, Penang launched its facial recognition system with a total of 767 CCTVs installed on the island, making it the first in the country to introduce the technology. The system uses Artificial Intelligence (AI) to recognise faces captured by CCTVs and it’s linked to the police operations room; this helps police to track wanted criminals and reduce crime rates in the state. This is an initiative by the Penang state government, MBPP and police to improve public safety in the state.

FUTURE ENGINEERS ENGAGEMENT SESSION

On the second day, the highlight was the Future Engineers Engagement Session (FEES). This marked the first time that participation in NATSUM was opened to secondary school (Forms 4 & 5) and pre-university students (Form 6). This was aimed at cultivating their interest in engineering.

In-line with the NATSUM theme, Connecting the Inspiration and Creating A Better Nation, an inspiring talk was delivered by Dato’ Ir. Lim Kok Khong who said the transformation to becoming a high income nation was bound closely with good working attitudes and positive mindsets. Good vs bad practices in construction sites and the drainage system comparison between Malaysia and Japan were used as examples to instill strong work ethics in young people and to emphasise why they should always work in a systematic and proper manner.

The secondary school and pre-university students also had the chance to attend the opening ceremony of NATSUM 2019 and to join in the technical visit to MBPP Smart City Surveillance Centre. FEES also exposed students to the challenges of being a young engineer in today’s fastpaced industry through listening to the presentation and experience sharing by the IEM-YES branch and university student section. FEES ended with evening with a tea break and interactive session with young engineers. Students took the opportunity to ask practising engineers more about engineering courses, engineer’s life-styles, working environment, remunerations etc.

INTERBRANCH YES & STUDENT SECTION MEETING

At every NATSUM, YES branches and Student Sections gather for a meeting among themselves. This year, the following were highlighted:

• NATSUM will be hosted by the Southern Branch in 2020 and by Sabah Branch in 2021.

• Discussions on several issues regarding the common NATSUM fund such as funding by branches and withdrawal by the host.

• Branches agreed on a common month every year for holding NATSUM.

• Number of membership drives by each branch were presented.

• A common YEAFEO fund to subsidise participation costs for each branch was set up.

• A previous proposal where council seats would be filled by representatives from other branches was scrapped due to by-law restrictions.

• Engineering Run by all branches proposed to be held on the same date with common suppliers.

• Standardised e-cards among all branches to continue.

• Branches raised the issue of low YES volunteer participation and discussed various methods to resolve this.

• Student sections brought up the yearly issue of IEM student membership cards. IEM YES HQ was advised to directly liaise with their committee.

DISCOVERY, DISCOVERY, DISCOVERY

NATSUM 2019 participants took part in the NATSUM Heritage Hunt, held in conjunction with Georgetown World Heritage Day. Participants had to search for stations all around Georgetown and to perform respective tasks to collect points.

These tasks included traditional activities such as playing gasing (top spinning) while others involved cultural and historical aspects like taking photographs at colonial buildings, searching for clues and answering questions. Apart from the rewards at the end, the event allowed participants to interact with the locals and to immerse themselves in a culture tinged with colonial influences.

CLOSING DINNER & AWARD CEREMONY

The closing dinner was held at the highest spot in the Georgetown Heritage Site, Top View Restaurant on levels 59/60 of KOMTAR Tower. There, guests enjoyed the international buffet while admiring the beautiful sunset and stunning panoramas of Penang at night.

The evening started with a speech by Mr. Loh Kwan Jou, organising chairman of NATSUM 2019. He thanked the sponsors for their invaluable contributions which helped make the event a success and presented them with tokens of appreciation.

An award presentation ceremony was the highlight of the closing dinner. Every year, awards are presented to YES branches and student sections in recognition of their outstanding efforts and hard work. See table for awards list.

NATSUM 2019 ended with the handing over of the host baton to IEM-YES Southern branch for NATSUM 2020. See you in Johor next year.

Subscribe to IEM’s Publications Now!

Yes! I would like to be a subscriber of The Institution of Engineers, Malaysia’s publications

Name: _________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Mailing Address: _________________________________________________________________________________________________

Country: ________________________

Company/Institution: ______________________________________________________________________________________________

Title: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________

Telephone No: _________________________ Fax: _________________________ Email: _________________________________

New Subscriber Renewal

Please commence my subscription from: _________________________(month/year) Signature: _______________________________

To start your subscription of IEM’s publications, complete this form and mail it back to the address below. For faster processing, fax it to: +603 7493 1047. Thank you.

What is your primary job title?

Corporate Management (including chairman, president, proprietor, partner, director, vice president, general manager, division manager, import/export manager, other corporate title)

Management (including project/contract/equipment/service/transport district manager, clerk of works, other technical or operating manager)

Engineering/Design (including chief engineer, chief designer, civil/ highway/mechanical/planning engineer, other engineering/design title)

Buying/Purchasing (including chief buyer, buyer, purchasing officer, other buying/purchasing title)

Titles allied to the field (architect, consultant, surveyor, research and development professor, lecturer, supervisor, superintendent, inspector or other allied title)

Others (please specify) ____________________________

What type of organisation do you work in? (Tick one box only)

Contractor

Sub-contractor specialist

Design and build contractor

Consulting engineering/architectural/quantity surveying practice

Mining/quarrying/aggregate production company

Petroleum producer

International/national authorities

National/regional/local government

Public utilities (electricity, gas, water, deck and harbour, other)

Manufacturer

Distributor/importer/agent

Construction department of large industrial/Commercial concern

Association/education establishment/research

Construction equipment hire/rental company

Project/construction management consultancy

Others (please specify) _______________________________

What are the main activities of your organisation? (Tick all that apply)

Constructions of:

Roads/bridges

Manufacturer of:

Construction equipment

Dams/reservoirs/irrigation Cement

Harbours/offshore structures Other construction materials

Foundations/tunnels Distribution Pipelines/refineries Construction equipment

Structures/steel work Construction materials

Building (commercial, industrial) Hire/rental of construction equipment

Housing Design

Construction management Earth-moving/open cast mining

Deep mining Aggregate production

Others (Please specify) _________________________________________

Rate (Please tick)

RM360.00 - 12 issues of JURUTERA

RM84.00 - 2 issues IEM Journal (Half-yearly)

Terms and Conditions:

1) The subscription is to be prepaid.

2) Please make cheque payable to Dimension Publishing Sdn. Bhd.

3) Subscriptions are not refundable.

4) Magazine/s will be sent to the mailing address given.

5) Students are entitled for a 20% discount from the above subscription rate.

6) Students must submit a photocopy of the student identification card together with the payment.

7) The above rate is inclusive of delivery charges and applicable in Malaysia only.

8) Additional delivery charges will apply to overseas subscribers.

For subscription enquiries, please contact +603-7493 1049 or email to info@dimensionpublishing.com

APPS-OLUTELY EASY IN BEIJING

Modern technology helped make my recent visit to the Beijing International Horticultural Exhibition 2019 a success. I did travel plans, insurance and hotel bookings online.

In Beijing, I visited the many places of interest in the outskirts with the help of apps such as Baidu map, Beijing Metro and Google Translate, using a China Telecom data plan. However, to use Baidu, users need to speak precise and clear Mandarin to XiaoDu, the AI voice assistant, which became my best friend in Beijing.

I had picked a hotel conveniently located in Dongsi area, which was within walking distance to the National Art Museum and the Metro. Even better, the Wu Supermarket and many lovely restaurants were in the vicinity.

On the sixth day, I made a day trip to the Beijing International Horticultural Exhibition 2019. The journey took a total of 2 hours, starting a 30-minute ride on Metro Line 5 to Tian Tong Yuan Zhan. There, I made my way to Line 3 Bus Stand and boarded a bus for the 90-minute ride to the Expo venue in north-west Beijing.

The expo site area was spread over 500 hectares. Some 40,000 visitors were expected daily but with six entrances to the expo grounds, it was a breeze to purchase tickets and get inside.

Once inside, I scanned QR code for the venue guide app. The first stop was China Pavilion, which had yellow solar panels on the roof for electricity generation and water harvesting with underground storage. There were underground channels used for cooling in the summer and heating in winter. Flowers and plants from all over China were displayed over three floors of the pavilion.

Next, I visited China Telecom’s 5G Pavilion which showcased 5G technology with VR, mixed reality, unmanned aerial vehicle and AI. The whole expo site had 12 outdoor 5G macro stations, 74 smartlight poles and 11 indoor distribution systems.

It would have taken more than a day trip to see more of the site, but it was really a worthwhile visit. For more information go to Beijing Expo 2019 website. http://www. horti-expo2019.org/.

Ir. Lee Mun Poh had previously served as past chairman for the session 2015/2016 in Information and Communications Technology Special Interest Group (ICTSIG).

Ir. Lee Mun Poh

At the 5G Pavilion

Inside the 5G Pavilion. The large LCD resolution is 8K

Flower terraces

Kepada Semua Ahli,

TEMUDUGA PROFESSIONAL

Tarikh: 11 November 2019

SENARAI CALON-CALON YANG LAYAK MENDUDUKI TEMUDUGA PROFESIONAL TAHUN 2019

Berikut adalah senarai calon yang layak untuk menduduki Temuduga Profesional bagi tahun 2019.

Mengikut Undang-Undang Kecil IEM, Seksyen 3.8, nama-nama seperti tersenarai berikut diterbitkan sebagai calon-calon yang layak untuk menjadi Ahli Institusi, dengan syarat bahawa mereka lulus Temuduga Profesional tahun 2019.

Sekiranya terdapat Ahli Korporat yang mempunyai bantahan terhadap mana-mana calon yang didapati tidak sesuai untuk menduduki Temuduga Profesional, surat bantahan boleh dikemukakan kepada Setiausaha Kehormat, IEM. Surat bantahan hendaklah dikemukakan sebulan dari tarikh penerbitan dikeluarkan.

Ir. Mohd Khir bin Muhammad FIEM, PEng Setiausaha Kehormat, IEM (Sessi 2019/2020)

PERMOHONAN BARU

Nama Kelayakan

KEJURUTERAAN BAHAN

JUYANA BINTI A WAHAB BE HONS (UniMAP) (MATERIAL, 2008) MSc (UniMAP) (MATERIAL, 2011) PhD (UKM) (MECHANICAL & MATERIALS, 2018)

KEJURUTERAAN ELEKTRIKAL

MOHD ROHAIZAN BIN SHAMSUDDIN @ SAMSUDIN BE HONS (UTM) (ELECTRICAL-ELECTRONICS, 2001)

NOOR FATIMAH BINTI ABDULLAH BE HONS (UTM) (ELECTRICAL, 2009)

KEJURUTERAAN MEKANIKAL

ELIZA BINTI HJ. M. YUSUP BE HONS (UNIMAS) (MECHANICAL & MANUFACTURING SYSTEMS, 2005) ME (UTM) (MECHANICAL, 2011) PhD (UTHM) (2016)

PERMOHONAN BARU / PERPINDAHAN

MENJADI AHLI KORPORAT

Nama Kelayakan

KEJURUTERAAN KIMIA

RAFIL BIN ELYAS BSc HONS (SYRACUSE) (CHEMICAL, 1988)

KEJURUTERAAN MEKANIKAL

ANUAR BIN MOHAMAD BSc (SALFORD) (MECHANICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE, 1980)

UDHAYAKUMAR POOVALINGAM BE HONS (MALAYA) (MECHANICAL, 1998)

PERPINDAHAN AHLI No. Ahli Nama Kelayakan

KEJURUTERAAN AWAM

29651 AHMAD SAYUFEI BIN ZAINUDDIN BE HONS (UTM) (CIVIL, 2007) MSc (UTM) (CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT, 2009)

32021 MUHD JOHAN ARIFF BIN MUHAMMAD FANI BE HONS (USM) (CIVIL, 2008)

KEJURUTERAAN ELEKTRIK

42166 LING SING KIENG, JARVIS BE HONS (SWINBURNE) (ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC, 2013)

51316 MUHAMMAD ZULKIFLI BIN ABD HAMID BE HONS (UiTM) (ELECTRICAL, 2009) ME (MALAYA) (POWER SYSTEM, 2018)

KEJURUTERAAN KIMIA

104313 MUHAMMAD FADLY BIN AHMAD USUL BE HONS (UiTM) (CHEMICAL, 2008)

39988 ZULAIKHA BINTI MOKHTAR BE HONS (UPM) (CHEMICAL, 2007)

KEJURUTERAAN MEKANIKAL

87110 MUHAMMAD AIZUDDIN BIN MUFID BE HONS (UPNM) (MECHANICAL, 2015)

50882 OOI TZE HOONG BE HONS (USM) (MECHANICAL, 2015)

KEJURUTERAAN STRUKTUR

53628 WONG LUNG FEI BSc (DUISBERG-ESSEN) (CIVIL, SEPT 2013) BE HONS (UKM) (CIVIL & STRUCTURAL, OCT 2013)

PERMOHONAN BARU / PERPINDAHAN MENJADI AHLI KORPORAT

No. Ahli Nama Kelayakan

KEJURUTERAAN ELEKTRIKAL

23786 TAN MEI LIN, NADIA BE HONS (ELECTRICAL, 2002) ME (UNITEN) (ELECTRICAL, 2007) PhD (TOKYO) (ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC, 2010)

KEJURUTERAAN ELEKTRONIK

38879 RANJIT SINGH SARBAN SINGH BE HONS (UTeM) (ELECTRONICSCOMPUTER ELECTRONICS, 2006) MESc (MMU) (2010) PhD (BRUNEL) (2017)

KEJURUTERAAN MEKANIKAL

72604 MUHAMMAD FAREEZ BIN FUAD ME HONS (SOUTHAMPTON) (MECHANICAL, 2013)

Pengumuman yang ke-134

SENARAI PENDERMA KEPADA WISMA DANA BANGUNAN IEM

Institusi mengucapkan terima kasih kepada semua yang telah memberikan sumbangan kepada tabung Bangunan Wisma IEM. Ahli-ahli IEM dan pembaca yang ingin memberikan sumbangan boleh berbuat demikian dengan memuat turun borang di laman web IEM http://www.iem.org.my atau menghubungi secretariat di +603-7968 4001 / 5518 untuk maklumat lanjut. Senarai penyumbang untuk bulan Oktober 2019 adalah seperti jadual di bawah: NO. NO. AHLI NAMA

DECEMBER 2019

Approved CPD Hours : 13.5

Venue : Wisma IEM

Half Day Seminar on “Applications and Benefits on Using High Strength Structural Steel”

Date : 18 - 19 December 2019 (Wednesday - Thursday)

Time : 9.00 a.m. to 5.30 p.m.

Speaker : Ir. Hj. Shahul Ikram bin Hj. Adnan, Ir. Ho Kin Wing & Ir. Gunasagaran Kristnan

2-Day Course on “Project Planning & SchedulingIncluding MS Project Software Practice”

Date : 8 - 9 January 2020 (Wednesday - Thursday)

Time : 9.00 a.m. to 5.30 p.m.

Venue : Wisma IEM

Approved CPD Hours : 13.0

Speaker : Ir. Frankie Chong

PERMOHONAN BARU / PEMINDAHAN AHLI

Persidangan Majlis IEM yang ke-416 pada 11 Mac 2019 telah meluluskan sebanyak 1855 ahli untuk permohonan baru dan permindahan ahli. Berikut adalah senarai ahli mengikut disiplin kejuruteraan:

Senarai nama ahli dan kelayakan adalah seperti di bawah. Institusi mengucapkan tahniah kepada ahli yang telah berjaya. Ir. Mohd Khir bin Muhammad FIEM, PEng Setiausaha Kehormat, Institusi Jurutera Malaysia, Sesi 2018/2019

PERMINDAHAN AHLI KEPADA AHLI FELLOW No. Ahli Nama Kelayakan

KEJURUTERAAN ELEKTRONIK

60691 LEONG WAI YIE BE HONS (QUEENSLAND) (ELECTRICAL, 2001) PhD (QUEENSLAND) (2006)

PERMINDAHAN AHLI KEPADA AHLI SENIOR No. Ahli Nama Kelayakan

KEJURUTERAAN ELEKTRIKAL

34041 MOHAMED ZAIMIR BIN MOHAMED SUFFIAN BE HONS (UMIST) (ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC, 1997)

PERMINDAHAN AHLI KEPADA AHLI KORPORAT No. Ahli Nama Kelayakan

KEJURUTERAAN AWAM

87151 BALYA MULKAN WIJAYA BIN MOHAMMAD YUSUF BE HONS (UTM) (CIVIL, 2012)

34159 CHAN KWOK KWANG BE HONS (UNIMAS) (CIVIL, 2009)

64761 CHANG TECK LEONG BE HONS (UTHM) (CIVIL, 2005) ME (UTHM) (CIVIL, 2013)

57071 CHAW SIEW HWA BE HONS (LEEDS) (CIVIL, 2001)

15322 CHEE SHAI CHOON BE HONS (UPM) (CIVIL, 1994)

46741 CHIA BAN CHING BE HONS (UTAR) (CIVIL, 2011)

29603 CHUA YOUNG YAU BE HONS (UTM) (CIVIL, 2006)

23641 ER CHIN NEE BE HONS (UTM) (CIVILCONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT, 2002)

59944 FADZLI BIN MOHAMED NAZRI BE HONS (USM) (CIVIL, 2005) MSc (USM) (CIVIL, 2008)

33633 FAUZANA BINTI ABDULLAH BE HONS (UiTM) (CIVIL, 2008)

37214 HAFEZAA DZULIEANAA BINTI MD PUZI BE HONS (UiTM) (CIVIL, 2006)

29533 HONG BOON KHANG BE HONS (UPM) (CIVIL, 2010)

45784 JUDITH JULIANUS BE HONS (UiTM) (CIVIL,2010)

85955 KOH JU ANN ME HONS (NOTTINGHAM) (CIVIL, 2014)

78461 LAW PUANG RONG, KELVIN BE HONS (SWINBURNE) (CIVIL, 2011)

76834 LEE JEY HWAN BE HONS (NOTTINGHAM) (CIVIL, 2010) MSc (NOTTINGHAM) (2011)

29364 LIANG YIT CHUNG BE HONS (UPM) (CIVIL, 2010)

81477 LIEW KAR HOE BE (QUEENSLAND) (CIVIL, 2011)

49620 LIM DIXON AMANDO ME HONS (SWANSEA) (CIVIL, 2010)

47845 LO SENG SIAN BE HONS (USM) (CIVIL, 2012)

25155 MOHAMAD HAFIEZ BIN HUSAIN BE HONS (UiTM) (CIVIL, 2005)

73022 MOHAMAD SAIFUL AZLIE BIN AHMAD BE HONS (UTM) (CIVIL, 2013)

80699 MOHD HAIZUL BIN OMAR BE HONS (UTM) (CIVIL, 2013)

95872 MOHD HASLIMI BIN RAMLI @ MOHD RAMLI BE HONS (UTM) (CIVIL, 2007)

36921 MOHD RAMLI BIN PARMAN BE HONS (UTM) (CIVIL, 2000)

45371 MOHD SHUKRI BIN ISMAIL BE HONS (UMS) (CIVIL, 2008)

48872 MUHAMAD AZHAR BIN RAMLEE BE HONS (UiTM) (CIVIL, 2006)

29823 NURUL HUDA BINTI MISLAN BE HONS (UPM) (CIVIL, 2000)

28332 SAFRINA BINTI MOHD AZIZ BE HONS (UiTM) (CIVIL, 2007)

43739 SUDIN BIN HASIM BE HONS (UTHM) (CIVIL, 2005) ME (UTHM) (CIVIL, 2013)

57075 TAN KOK FAN BE HONS (UNITEN) (CIVIL, 2007)

15096 WAN ABDULLAH BIN WAN OMAR BE HONS (UiTM) (CIVIL, 1992)

7154 WAN MOHAMED AZHARY BIN WAN MANSOR BE HONS (UTM) (CIVIL, 1984)

21249 WONG KANG CHEAN BE HONS (UTM) (CIVIL, 2003)

38069 WONG LEE JOHN BE HONS (UNITEN) (CIVIL, 2007)

51670 ZAKARIA BIN DAUD BE HONS (UTM) (CIVILENVIRONMENT, 2002)

KEJURUTERAAN BAHAN

43758 SOH WEI CHING BE HONS (USM) (MATERIALS, 2009)

KEJURUTERAAN BIOPERUBATAN

22700 BONG WEE THIAN PART II (EC) (ELECTRONIC, 1999)

KEJURUTERAAN ELEKTRIKAL

49622 AFFIEZAL BIN ADNAN BE HONS (UNIVERSITY OF LONDON) (ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS, 2001)

76192 ATIF BIN MOHAMAD JOHARI BE HONS (UNITEN) (ELECTRICAL POWER, 2013)

39143 AZLI HILMI BIN FAUZI @ MAT RAWI BE HONS (UKM) (ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC, 2005)

28011 CHAI CHEE HUI BE HONS (ADELAIDE) (ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC, 2005)

97306 FARAH BT ISKHAK BE HONS (RENSSELAER POLYTECHINC INSTITUTE) (ELECTRICAL, 2001)

48097 FAREEZAN SALHA BINTI MOHAMED AZAHAR BE HONS (UTeM) (INDUSTRIAL POWER, 2006) MSc (UiTM) (INTEGRATED CONSTRUCTION PROJECT MANAGEMENT, 2010)

64819 HANIF BIN BAKI BE HONS (UiTM) (ELECTRICAL, 2007)

52783 KHAIRUL NA'IM BIN ABDUL HALIM BE HONS (UMP) (ELECTRICALPOWER SYSTEM, 2012)

86173 MOHD AZROL BIN ABDUL AZIZ BE HONS (UNITEN) (ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS, 2004)

Note: Continuation of the Transfer Graduate, Graduate, Incorporated, Affiliate and Associate would be published in January 2020. For the list of approved “ADMISSION TO THE GRADE OF STUDENT”, please refer to IEM web portal at http://www.myiem.org.my.

Explore our full set of Professional and Integrated PUBLISHING MANAGEMENT SERVICES:

» Project Management

» Crea�ve Management

» Ad Space Management

» Mailing Management

» Print Management

• Annual Reports

• Booklets • Brochures

• Bun�ngs • Business Cards

• CD / DVD Replica�ons

• Calendars • Cards & Invita�ons

• Cer�ficates • Custom Prin�ngs

• Envelopes • Folders

• NCR Bill Books • Notepads

• Leaflets • Le�erheads

• Paper Bags • Posters

• S�ckers • Others

Authorised Publisher: The Institution of Engineers, Malaysia (IEM) - JURUTERA

JURUTER A

Circulation and Readership Profile

JURUTERA has an estimated readership of 198,000 professionals. Our esteemed readership consists of certified engineers, decision making corporate leaders, CEOs, government officials, project directors, entrepreneurs, project consultants, engineering consulting firms and companies involved with engineering products and services.

Advertising Benefits

Our business partners can be assured that their products and services will be given the circulation and exposure they deserve, thus maintaining a sustained advertising presence to our core readers of decision-making engineers and technical experts. Our website offers an even wider market reach, with added international presence, aided by our international affiliation with official engineering bodies all over the world. Our online and offline advertising features such as banner advertising, article sponsorship and direct e-mail announcements have proven to be successful marketing strategies that will set the businesses of our partners apart from their competition.

For advertising enquiries, please contact:

ADVERTISING RATES