Rosdahl’s Textbook of Basic Nursing 12th edition pdf
Detailed Contents
Table of Contents
Part A Foundations of Nursing
Unit 1 The Nature of Nursing
1 The Origins of Nursing
Nursing’s Heritage
Nursing in the United States
Nursing Insignia
2 Beginning Your Nursing Career
Healthcare: A Multidisciplinary Approach
Types of Nursing Programs
Approval and Accreditation of Nursing Programs
Licensure of Nurses
Theories of Nursing
Roles and Responsibilities of the Nurse
Nursing Organizations
3 The Healthcare Delivery System
Healthcare Trends in the 21st Century
Healthcare Settings and Services
Quality Assurance
Organization and Ownership of Healthcare Facilities
Financing Healthcare
Complementary Healthcare
Consumer Fraud
4 Legal and Ethical Aspects of Nursing
Legal Issues of Nursing Practice
Regulations of Nursing Practice
Advance Directives
Vulnerable Persons
Definitions of Death
Ethical Standards of Healthcare
Clients’ Rights and Responsibilities
Unit 2 Personal and Environmental Health
5 Basic Human Needs
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Human Needs
Nursing’s Relationship to Basic Needs
Overview of Individual Needs
Family and Community Needs
6 Health and Wellness
Health and Wellness
Inconsistencies in Healthcare
Morbidity and Mortality
Finances and Healthcare
Prevention and Healthcare
The Wellness–Illness Continuum
Lifestyle and Risk Factors
Education and Health Promotion
Age-Related Health Concerns
Categories of Disease and Disorders
7 Community Health
Healthcare Worldwide
Healthcare on the National Level
Healthcare at the State Level
Healthcare at the Local Level
The Environment
8 Transcultural Healthcare
Culture, Ethnicity, and Race
Cultural Sensitivity
Culturally Influenced Components
Religious/Spiritual Customs and Traditions
Implementing Culturally Competent Care
Unit 3 Development Throughout the Life Cycle
9 The Family Characteristics of the Family
Family Structure
Influence of Culture, Ethnicity, and Religion
Family Stages
Stress and Family Coping
10 Infancy and Childhood
Concepts of Growth and Development
Developmental Milestones and Developmental Delays
Growth and Development
The Newborn
Infancy:1–12 Months
Toddlerhood:1–3 Years
Preschool:3–6 Years
School Age:6–10 Years
11 Adolescence
Growth and Development Theories
Adolescent Growth and Development
In Practice
12 Early and Middle Adulthood
Erikson’s Adult Growth and Development Theory
Early Adulthood
Middle Adulthood
Transition From Middle Adult to Older Adult
13 Older Adulthood and Aging
Words Related to Aging
Erikson’s Adult Growth and Development Theory
Development in Older Adulthood
14 The End of Life: Death, Dying, Grief, and Loss
The Dying Process
Kübler-Ross Stages of Grief and Loss
Unit 4 Structure and Function
15 Organization of the Human Body
Chemistry and Life
Medical Terminology
Anatomy and Physiology
Body Directions, Areas, and Regions
Structural Levels in the Body
Cells
Tissues
Organs and Systems
16 The Integumentary System
Structure and Function
Skin
Accessory Structures
System Physiology
Protection
Thermoregulation
Vitamin D Production
Maintenance of Healthy Skin
17 Fluid and Electrolyte Balance
Homeostasis
Body Fluids
Fluid and Electrolyte Transport
Fluid and Electrolyte Balance
Acid–Base Balance
18 The Musculoskeletal System
The Skeleton
Vertebral Column
Thoracic (Rib) Cage
The Muscles
Formation Of Bone Tissue
Exercise
Mobility
19 The Nervous System
Structure and Function
Cells of the Nervous System
Divisions of the Nervous System
Transmission of Nerve Impulses
Reflexes
20 The Endocrine System
Structure and Function
System Physiology
21 The Sensory System
The Eye
The Ear
Vision
Hearing
Balance and Equilibrium
Smell
Touch/Tactile Sense
Other Sensations
22 The Cardiovascular System
Structure and Function
Heart
Systemic Blood Vessels
Cardiac Conduction
Cardiac Cycle
Cardiac Output
Blood Pressure
23 The Hematologic and Lymphatic Systems
Blood
Lymph
Blood Circulation
Lymphatic Circulation
24 The Immune System
Structure and Function
Bone Marrow and Lymphocyte Production
Lymphoid Organs
The Mononuclear Phagocyte System
Nonspecific Defense Mechanisms
Specific Defense Mechanisms
Antigen–Antibody Reaction
25 The Respiratory System
Structure and Function
Upper Respiratory Tract
Lower Respiratory Tract
Ventilation
External (Pulmonary) and Internal (Tissue) Respiration
Regulation of Acid–Base Balance
Respiratory Reflexes
Vocalization
26 The Digestive System
Structure and Function
Mouth
Pharynx
Esophagus
Stomach
Small Intestine
Duodenum
Jejunum and Ileum
Large Intestine
Cecum and Appendix
Colon
Rectum and Anus
Accessory Organs
System Physiology
Metabolism
Elimination
27 The Urinary System
Kidneys
Organs of Urine Storage and Elimination
Blood Pressure Regulation
Urine Formation
Characteristics and Composition of Urine
Micturition
28 The Male Reproductive System
Testes
The Ductal System
Scrotum
Penis
Accessory Glands
Hormonal Influences
Sperm Cells and Spermatogenesis
Copulation
29 The Female Reproductive System
Reproductive Organs
Breasts
Hormonal Influences
Egg Cells and Oogenesis
Menstrual Cycle
Female Sexual Response
Unit 5 Nutrition and Diet Therapy
30 Basic Nutrition
Nutrients
Creating the Healthy Diet
Nutrition Across the Lifespan
31 Transcultural and Social Aspects of Nutrition
Regional Preferences
Ethnic Heritage
Cultural Groups
Religious Beliefs and Practices
Vegetarian Diets
Sociocultural Factors
32 Diet Therapy and Special Diets
Helping the Client Meet Nutritional Needs
Serving Food
The Client Who Needs Assistance With Eating
Precautions
Medical Asepsis
Admission
Transfer to Another Unit
Discharge
Leaving the Healthcare Facility Against Medical Advice
Communications Among Healthcare Team Members
46 Vital Signs
The Graphic Record
Assessing Body Temperature
Determining Pulse
Assessing Respiration
Assessing Blood Pressure
Pulse Oximetry
47 Data Collection in Client Care
Medical and Nursing Diagnosis
Factors That Influence Data Collection
The Physical Examination
48 Moving and Positioning Clients
Body Mechanics
Positioning the Client
Joint Mobility and Range of Motion
Using Mobility Devices
Moving an Immobile Client
Using Client Safety Devices
49 Beds and Bed Making
Bed Making
Attachments and Accessories
Special Beds and Mattresses
50 Personal Hygiene
Mouth Care
Routine Eye Care
Ear Care
Care of Hands and Feet
Shaving
Hair Care
Skin Care
Skin Infestations
51 Elimination
Urinary Elimination
Bowel Elimination
Assisting With Toileting
Assisting With Urinary Elimination
Assisting With Bowel Elimination
Nausea and Vomiting
52 Specimen Collection
The Stool Specimen
The Sputum Specimen
Collecting Other Specimens
53 Bandages and Binders
55 Pain Management
Pain
Collection of Client Data About Pain
Pain Management
56 Preoperative and Postoperative Care
Perioperative Care
Preoperative Nursing Care
Intraoperative Nursing Care
Postoperative Nursing Care
57 Surgical Asepsis
Asepsis
Disinfection and Sterilization
Medical and Surgical Asepsis
Sterile Technique (Surgical Asepsis)
Procedures Requiring Sterile Technique
58 Special Skin and Wound Care
Wounds
Special Considerations
Wound Healing
59 End-of-Life Care
Stages of Dying
The Client’s Wishes
Basic Needs, as Related to the Death Experience
Nursing Care of the Dying Client’s Family
Signs of Approaching Death
Care Following the Death of a Client
Feelings of the Nurse
Unit 9 Pharmacology and Administration of Medications
60 Review of Mathematics
Systems of Measurement
The Metric System
Dosage Calculation
61 Introduction to Pharmacology
Legal Aspects
Medication Preparations and Actions
Prescribed Medications
62 Classification of Medications
Interactions Between Food and Medications
Interactions Between Drugs (Drug–Drug Interactions)
Introduction to Drug Classifications
Antibiotics and Other Anti-Infective Agents
Medications That Affect the Integumentary System
Medications That Affect the Nervous System
Medications That Affect the Endocrine System
Medications That Affect the Sensory System
Medications That Affect the Cardiovascular System
Medications That Affect the Blood
Antineoplastic Medications
Medications That Affect the Immune System
Medications That Affect the Respiratory System
Medications That Affect the Gastrointestinal System
Medications That Affect the Urinary Tract
Medications That Affect the Reproductive Systems
63 Administration of Noninjectable Medications
Preparation for Administration
Safety
General Principles of Medication Administration
Enteral Administration Methods
Parenteral Administration Methods
64 Administration of Injectable Medications
Syringes and Needles
Preparations
Intradermal Injections
Subcutaneous (SubQ) Injections
Intravenous Administration
Administration of Intravenous Medications
Venipuncture
Part C Nursing Throughout the Life Cycle
Unit 10 Maternal and Newborn Nursing
65 Normal Pregnancy
Defining Pregnancy as a Normal Process
Healthcare
During Pregnancy
Preparing to Be a Parent
66 Normal Labor, Delivery, and Postpartum Care
Labor and Birth as Normal Processes
Nursing Care During Labor
67 Care of the Normal Newborn
Important Concepts in Newborn Care
Care of the Newborn Immediately After Birth
Characteristics of the Normal Newborn
Care of the Newborn After Delivery
Daily Newborn Care
Nutrition
Discharge
68 High-Risk Pregnancy and Childbirth
Tests to Assess Fetal Status
Interrupted Pregnancy
Maternal Complications During Pregnancy
Existing Disorders Complicating Pregnancy
Disorders Affecting the Fetus
Placental and Amniotic Disorders
Other High-Risk Pregnancies
Complications of Labor and Delivery
Umbilical Cord Complications
Considerations Related to Delivery
Complications of the Postpartum Period
When a Newborn Dies
69 The High-Risk Newborn
Categories of High-Risk Newborns
Nursing Considerations for the High-Risk Newborn
Potential Complications in the High-Risk Newborn
Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn
Intrauterine Disorders: Congenital and Acquired
Infections
Congenital Musculoskeletal Disorders
Neural Tube Defects
Congenital Cardiovascular Disorders
Congenital Gastrointestinal Disorders
Congenital Genitourinary Disorders
Substance Misuse and the Newborn
70 Sexuality, Fertility, and Sexually Transmitted
Infections
Human Sexuality
Infertility
Contraception
Sexually Transmitted Infections
Unit 11 Pediatric Nursing
71 Fundamentals of Pediatric Nursing
Health Maintenance
The Hospital Experience
Basic Pediatric Care and Procedures
Intermediate Pediatric Care and Procedures
Advanced Pediatric Care and Procedures
The Child Having Surgery
72 Care of the Infant, Toddler, or Preschooler
Communicable Diseases
Parasitic Infestations
Trauma
Child Abuse
Skin Disorders
Musculoskeletal and Orthopedic Disorders
Neurologic Disorders
Metabolic and Nutritional Disorders
Disorders of the Eyes
Disorders of the Ears, Nose, Throat, and Mouth
Cardiovascular Disorders
Blood and Lymph Disorders
Respiratory Tract Disorders
Gastrointestinal Disorders
Urinary System Disorders
Reproductive System Disorders
Nutritional Considerations in Young Children
73 Care of the School-Age Child or Adolescent
Communicable Diseases
Skin Disorders
Musculoskeletal Disorders
Endocrine Disorders
Vision Disorders
Gastrointestinal Disorders
Reproductive System Disorders
Sleep Deprivation and Disorders
Eating Disorders
Nutritional Considerations
74 The Child or Adolescent With Special Needs
Disabilities and Disorders
Special Learning Disabilities
Etiology of Disabilities and Disorders
Common Disorders
Unit 12 Adult Care Nursing
75 Skin Disorders
Diagnostic Tests
Common Medical Treatments
Common Surgical Treatments
Acute and Chronic Skin Conditions
Infections
Parasitic Infestations
Sebaceous Gland Disorders
Burns Neoplasms
76 Disorders in Fluid and Electrolyte Balance
Diagnostic Tests
Common Medical Treatments
Maintenance of Fluid Balance
Maintenance of Electrolyte Balance
Maintenance of Acid–Base Balance
77 Musculoskeletal Disorders
Diagnostic Tests
Common Medical Treatments
Common Surgical Treatments
Common Musculoskeletal Disorders
Systemic Disorders With Musculoskeletal
Manifestations
Traumatic Injuries
Trauma Care and Management
Complications of Fractures or Bone Surgery
Neoplasms
78 Nervous System Disorders
Diagnostic Tests
Craniocerebral Disorders
Nerve Disorders
Spinal Cord Disorders
Degenerative Disorders
Inflammatory Disorders
Head Trauma
Neoplasms
79 Endocrine Disorders
Diagnostic Tests
Common Medical and Surgical Treatments
Pituitary Gland Disorders
Thyroid Gland Disorders
Parathyroid Gland Disorders
Adrenal Gland Disorders
Pancreatic Endocrine Disorders
80 Sensory System Disorders
Diagnostic Tests
Common Medical Treatments
Common Surgical Treatments
The Eye and Vision Disorders
Trauma to the Eye
The Ear and Hearing Disorders
Disorders of Other Special Senses
81 Cardiovascular Disorders
Diagnostic Tests
Common Medical Treatments
Common Surgical Treatments
Abnormal Conditions That May Cause Cardiovascular
Disease
Heart Disorders
Blood Vessel Disorders
82 Blood and Lymph Disorders
Diagnostic Tests
Common Treatments
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
Hematologic System Disorders
83 Cancer
Cancer Development
Diagnostic Tests
Treatment Modalities for Cancer
Nursing Considerations for Clients With Cancer
84 Allergic, Immune, and Autoimmune Disorders
Diagnostic Tests
Allergies
Immune Disorders
Autoimmune Disorders
85 HIV and AIDS
History of HIV/AIDS
Transmission
Signs and Symptoms of HIV Infection
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
HIV Exposure Guidelines
86 Respiratory Disorders
Diagnostic Tests
Common Medical Treatments
Common Surgical Treatments
Infectious Respiratory Disorders
Chronic Respiratory Disorders
Trauma
Neoplasms
Disorders of the Nose
Disorders of the Throat
87 Oxygen Therapy and Respiratory Care
Oxygen Provision
The Client Who Is Having Difficulty Breathing
The Client Who Is Unable to Breathe
88 Digestive Disorders
Diagnostic Tests
Common Medical and Surgical Treatments
Disorders of the Mouth
Disorders of the Esophagus
Disorders of the Stomach
Disorders of the Small or Large Bowel
Peritonitis
Disorders of the Sigmoid Colon and Rectum
Disorders of the Liver
Disorders of the Gallbladder
Disorders of the Pancreas
Conditions of Overnutrition and Undernutrition
89 Urinary Disorders
Diagnostic Tests
Urinary Incontinence
Urinary Tract Infections
Inflammatory Disorders
Obstructive Disorders
Urinary Tract Tumors
Urinary Tract Trauma
Renal Failure
90 Male Reproductive Disorders
Diagnostic Tests
Common Medical Treatments
Erectile Disorders
Structural Disorders
Inflammatory Disorders
Neoplasms
91 Female Reproductive Disorders
Diagnostic Tests
Common Surgical Treatments
Disorders Related to the Menstrual Cycle
Structural Disorders
Inflammatory Disorders
Cervicitis
Neoplasms
Unit 13 Gerontologic Nursing
92 Gerontology: The Aging Adult
Geriatric Care Settings
Helping the Older Adult Meet Basic Needs
Helping the Older Adult Meet Emotional Needs
Special Concerns of the Adult Related to Increasing Age
Elder Abuse
93 Cognitive Impairment in the Aging Adult
Cognitive Impairment
Aspects of Dementia
Unit 14 Mental Health Nursing
94 Psychiatric Nursing
Mental Health
Mental Illness
The Mental Healthcare Team
Methods of Psychiatric Therapy
The Client in an Inpatient Setting
Mental Health Nursing Skills
95 Substance Use Disorders
Nursing Care Measures
Detoxification and Recovery
Alcohol Use Disorder
Other Substance Use Disorders
Special Populations
Unit 15 Nursing in a Variety of Settings
96 Extended Care
Extended-Care Options
The Concept of Transitional Care
97 Rehabilitation Nursing
Definitions of Rehabilitation
Rehabilitation and Maslow Hierarchy of Needs
Stages of Adjustment to a Disability
The Rehabilitation Team
Nursing Considerations in Rehabilitation
Activities of Daily Living
The Scope of Rehabilitative Services
Community Resources
Barriers to Rehabilitation
98 Home Care Nursing
Reasons for Home Care
Types of Agencies and Services
Telehealth
Self-Management of Chronic Conditions
Payment for Home Care
Members of the Home Care Team
Nursing Duties in Home Care
Safety for the Home Care Team
Suggestions for Primary Caregivers
99 Ambulatory Nursing
The Role of the Nurse
Types of Ambulatory Facilities
Use of the Electronic Health Record
100 Hospice Nursing
Evolution of the Hospice Movement
The Hospice Concept
Assisting the Hospice Client to Meet Basic Needs
Pain Management
Children in Hospice Programs
When the Client Dies
Part D Your Career
Unit 16 The Transition to Practicing Nurse
101 From Student to Graduate Nurse
Nursing Licensure
Role Transition
Personal Life
102 Career Opportunities and Job-Seeking Skills
Employment Opportunities
Obtaining Employment Information
Job-Seeking Skills
103 Advancement and Leadership in Nursing
Advancement in Nursing
Leadership
Index
UNIT 1 The Nature of Nursing
Learning Objectives
1. Explain how certain events in ancient and medieval times influenced the development of contemporary nursing.
2. Discuss Florence Nightingale’s influence on modern nursing practice.
3. List at least 10 of Florence Nightingale’s nursing principles that are still practiced today.
4. Identify important individuals who contributed to the development of nursing in the United
States.
5. Name some pioneer nursing schools in the United States.
6. List important milestones in the history of practical nursing education.
7. Explain war-related developments in nursing.
8. Discuss current trends that are expected to influence the nursing profession in the 21st century.
9. Describe the importance of nursing insignia, uniforms, and the nursing school pin.
Introduction
ou have chosen to become a nurse. The word nurse derives from the Latin word meaning to nourish. You are embarking on a career that combines scientific principles, technical skills, and personal compassion. Although people have been performing many nursing skills for centuries, nursing in its present form began to emerge only in the 19th - century. Contemporary
nursing continues to evolve as society and its healthcare needs and expectations change. Nursing must continue to adapt to meet society’s goals and to provide needed services in the changing world.
Nursing is a practical and noble profession. It provides a stable career in the ever-changing world of healthcare, with plenty of career options. Individual attributes required to be a nurse include a strong sense of responsibility and the highest standards of integrity. Personal conviction and flexibility are necessary foundations of a nurse. A nurse must be well educated and integrate the art and the science of working with people. Nurses interact with a vast assortment of individuals, including numerous and varied healthcare personnel who have their own fields of expertise. Many of these healthcare fields were originally included in the broader roles and responsibilities of nursing. For example, the nurse was originally responsible for nutrition and diets. Nurses were also responsible for rehabilitative needs of the persons under their care. The role of the nurse became so important to the healthcare system that
the functions of the nurse had to become diverse and specialized to meet fast-growing needs. Many of these duties were broken into specialties that are seen today, such as nutritionist, dietitian, physical therapist, or occupational therapist. As the role of the nurse has evolved, so has the role of the person receiving care. When the physician was the primary manager or leader of health issues, the individual receiving care was typically called a client. During the 20th century, the client became more aware of his or her own health issues. Instead of being a passive participant, the client became a more knowledgeable consumer of healthcare and, as in other service industries, the consumer became a client of the primary care provider, nurse, and healthcare system. In the 21st century, all of these terms are currently used to describe the individual who receives healthcare. This textbook uses the term client because the term client reflects the roles of the nurse who actively interacts with individuals, families, and the healthcare system. In everyday conversations, the terms patient, client, and/or consumer may be heard.
Find the Full Original Textbook (PDF) in the link below: CLICK HERE
