Life of san sochea by Te Vicheth

-1-

CÍvRbvtþi én

PikçúvCírb,eBaØa san suCa esckþIbBa¢ak; Cabzm ´sUmCRmabBuT§bris½Tfa CÍvRbvtþienH suCa´ erobcMsresreLIgedaypÞal;édxøÜnÉg . CaFmµta CÍvRbvtþién buKÁlmñak; ² EtgRtÚv)ansresrerobrab;edaybuKÁldéT CMnYs samICÍvít

GñksresreRcInEtniyaysresIr

b¤GYtCMnYs

m©as;CÍvít . karenH eRBaHehtuGVI? eRBaHGñksresr BuM)andåg citþ

b¤bMNgrbs;samICÍvítc,as;las;pg

cg;elIktemáIgnUv

témøénCÍvítrbs;buKÁlEdlxøÜnsresrpg . mUlehtuenHehIy EdlnaM[CÍvRbvtþi xusXøatcakesckþIBity:ageRcIn . suCa´

minEmnCaGñkR)aCJ

EdleKminGacbMePøc)an

nigminEmnCamnusSGs©arü

eRkayeBlEdllacakelakenaHeT

b:uEnþedaymincg;[CÍvRbvtþirbs;xøÜn

eBareBjedayPaBGMnYt

-2b¤minRtwmRtÚvtamesckþIBit CÍvítenAeLIy

eTIbeqøót»kasEdlxøÜnkMBugman

sresrCÍvRbvtþienHeLIg

karsresrenH

BuMEmnmann½yfa suCa´cg; a´ GYtBICÍvítxøÜnÉgeT KWmann½yfa ´ eKarBsc©Fm’ nigeKarBKN³sisSRKb;Kña . niyayEbbenH hak;dUcCa´)andågc,as;fa tamBit´mindågeT

xøÜnÉgRtÚvsøab;eBlNaG‘Ícwg

RKan;EtdågtamRBHBuT§dÍkafa

{CÍvítmineTog

EtesckþIsøab;eTog} . suCa´ Føab;manGaBaFF¶n;esÞIrEtdac; CÍvíteRcInelIkeRcInRKamkehIy BitCahYseBl/

ebIminsresrTuk[ehIy

edÍm,IkuM[eKykerOgminBiteTAsUFüPUtPrenA

muxQabndæaneRcIneBk . eRkayeBlEdlsresrrYc rs;)aneRcInqñaMteTAeTot

ebIbuNüGnueRKaH[CÍvít´

´k¾mincaM)ac;cMNayeBlevlaeqøIy

tbsMnYrrbs;BuT§bris½TedayeRcIn

EdlEtgEtcg;dågBIRbvtþi

rbs;´Edr ehIyRbvtþiEdl)ancarTukkñúgsMenrenH manesckþI BisþarCagkarEdl´eqøIypÞal;mat; sUmmitþGñkGanRCab .

esckþIdUc)anbMPøWmkenH

-3-

éf¶kMeNIt ´ san suCa ekItenAéf¶GgÁar 7 erac Ex miKsir qñaM mSaj; B>s> 2520

cug K>s> 1976 enATYltaGuk

XuMkMBg;eyal RsukRTaMg extþtaEkv kñúgrbbkm<úCaRbCaFibetyürbs;elak b:ul Bt/ Bt CakUnrbs;elak«Buk Twm Tuy

nigGñkmþay

XuMeKakeBaF×

eGog

Ecm

RsukbUrIClsa

sBVéf¶TIenaHsßitenAkñúg

extþdEdl

sm½yenaH

RKÜsarenHsßitenAkñúgBYkGñkeRtóm nigBYkGñkepJÍ ehAfa 17 edayminmansmaCíkNamñak;énRKÜsarenH siTi§eT

)anCaGñkeBj

ehIymankarTTYlrgTukçminxusBIRbCaCnTUeTA

Edr . suCa´ )anekItenAkñúgsgÁmmYyd¾exµAggåt \tman mnÞIreBTü \tmanfñaMsgáÚvRtwmRtÚveLIy . )anB¤mkfa kñúgsm½yenaH edayxøacRbCaCncUléd CamYyBYkyYn

kmµaPi)albu:l

{BYkyYneLIgmkvHeBaHjat;esµA

GñkRtÚvEtrt;eTAxagelI>>>}

RbCaCnk¾)anePosxøÜnecjBIPUmiGs; bMNgrt;eTAnwgeKEdr

)anbMP½yRbCaCnfa .

RKÜsarenHk¾man

éf¶enaHGñkmþaycab;epþÍmQWépÞ

elak«Buk)anRKah_GñkmþayeLIgelIreTH

brecjBIPUmi

-4Gñktat,al; kan;EtxøaMg

)ancm¶ayCagmYyKILÚEm:Rt minGaceFVIdMeNIreTAeTot)an

GñkmþayQWeBaH k¾cUleTAsRmak

kñúgxÞmkmSt;mYy enAÉkardæanTYltaGuk . PøamenaH suCa´ k¾)anRbsUtcaképÞmþay enAevlaem:ag 12 éf¶Rtg; . elak «Buk)anykkg;CíHy:agelOneTAGgVrelakyayFY FYk

Caqµb

Edl)anePosxøÜneTAq¶ayehIy elak«BukeTATan;yayhµb enAxaglicvtþeKakeBaF× . eBlenaH elakyayFY FYkRbEkk minh‘anRtLb;mkCYyeT

eRBaHxøacyYnvHeBaHjat;esµA

elak«BukcuHkan;kg;beNþIrGgVrelakyayhµb edayBakü CaedÍmfa {[EtelakyayeTACYykat;Tgp©ítkUn´rYc ´nwg DubelakyayRtLb;mk[Tan;eKvíj>>>>>} RbEhlCítknøHKILÚEm:Rt

eTIbelakyayhµbRBm

TRmaMEtelak«BukDubqµbmkdl; rnabbJsSI

ÉxøÜnk¾s¶ÜtGs;

edaykkitnwgrnabbJsSI

suCa´)anedkyM enAelI a´

Gs;ry³eBlCítBIrem:ageTAehIy

rhUtdl;yMElgB¤ Qam

Gs;ry³cm¶ay

taMgBIyMB¤

sac;k,alrlat;ecj nigk,alEdkeKal

elakyayhµb)ancat;kartamvíFIqµbbUraN

rYceRsckal

Na elak«Bukk¾DubyayhµbRtLb;eTAkEnøgedÍm .

-5ÉdMNwgfa

yYneLIgmkvHeBaHenaH

Gs;ry³eBl

BIrbIéf¶

CadMNwgEkøgkøay

RbCaCnk¾)anRtLb;mkvíj

ehIyeFVIkargartamkarbBa¢arbs;kmµaPi)al dUcedÍmvíj erobrab;eT

cMeBaHesckþITukçénRKÜsarenH

eRBaHRbCaCnesÞIrEtTaMgGs;

b:ul

´mincaM)ac;

eRkABIkmµaPi)al

b:ul Bt suT§EtCYbRbTHdUcKña .

RKÜsarsuCaeRkayéf¶rMedaH eRkayéf¶rMedaH RKÜsarenH )anRtLb;eTAsageKhdæan enAPUmiGñktat,al;víj nigcab;epþÍmeFVIksikmµ nigensaTkmµdUc RKÜsardéTEdr b:uEnþCÍvPaBRKÜsarminrIkceRmIneT . ´caM)anfa Føab;)anbriePaK)aydaMlayCamYynwgeBatRkhm

Edlelak

«BukyksáreTAdUrenAÉRsukekaHFM extþkNþal .

erOgr:avCÍvítminBitR)akd RKb;KñasuT§Etcg;rugerOgfáan CYnlicCYneLIgtamEtvasna RtÚvEtTTYleKcminrYceLIy ebIcg;EkERbExSerOgCÍvít RtÚvxMsURteronsagkmµklüaN

minGackMNt;edayxøÜnÉg)an EtminGac)antamR)afñaeLIy . Edlkmµ)ancarrYceRscmkehIy Etdl;eBlehIyKµanGñkCYy)an . RtÚvmanKMnitkuMPøwkePøcR)aN R)akdCa)anGnaKtrugerOg .

-6-

-7-

karsikSaBIkumarv½y suCa´ Gayu 7 qñaM)ancUleronfñak;dMbUgenAsalabzmsikSavtþeBaFim®nþI EdlenACítPUmi . mYyqñaMbnÞab; suCa´RtÚ a´ v )anGñkRKÚeRCÍs[eLIgeTAfñak;TI 1 ehIyelakRKÚnayk nigRKÚ RbcaMfñak;RsLaj;rab;GanNas; eRBaHéron)anBinÞúl¥ cat;Tuk faCasisSqøatRKan;ebI b:uEnþ)anBak;kNþalqñaM sßanPaBRKÜsar eFVI[karsikSarbs;´minrIkceRmInesaH . ćaM)anfa kalenaH suCaénAsl; EteKamYyk,alKt; RKÜsarsu a´

elak«Bukk¾seRmc

citþlk;eKaenaH eTATijkUnTacMnYnR)aMryk,almkciBa©wm taMgBI eBlenaHmk

suCa´k¾ a´ køayCamnusSskmµmñak;kñúgRKÜsar

køayCaGñkXValTa edayeRkakeLIgtaMgBIem:ag 4 RBwkeTAGUs kMBwsnigkUnRtI[TasuI sUm,IEtExrgaj½rfÁamk¾RtÚvEteFVIEdr luH em:agRbEhl cMNI

RBwk

k¾beNþIrkUnTakat;tamvalERs[cab;

eRkayrdUvRcÚtkat;

suCa´Bu Ca´ MsUv)anedkenApÞHeT Ca´

elak«Buk)anykRTúgTa eTAeFVIenAkEnøgNaEdleKeTIbEtRcÚt rYcedÍm,I´beNþIrTa[erIsRKab;RsUvEdlFøak;kñúgERssIu eBlyb;RtÚvedkkñúgeragTaenaHÉg

ehIy

ÉeragTaRtÚvpøas;BIkEnøg

-8mYyeTAkEnøgmYyCajwkjab;>>>>>>>>>>

emø:aHehIykarsikSarbs;´

kan;EtFøak;eTA ² eRBaHkñúgmYyqñaM ² ´cUleron)anEtBIr b¤ bIEx b:ueNÑaH KWeBlcUlkg)anRbEhlCagmYyEx nigmuneLIgfñak; RbEhlCagmYyEx b:uEnþedayeXIjfasu suCa´ fVÍd,itEtminQñH eKkñúgcMeNamsisSBUEk mFüm

em:øaHehIy

Etk¾GaceronRbhak;RbEhlnwgGñk elakRKÚGñkRKÚenAEt[´eLIgfñak;rhUt

EfmTaMg[´eLIgepøaHBIfñak;TI3 eTAfñak;TI5 edaymin)aneronfñak; TI 4 eT . karEdl´Qb;eRcInenAEteronTan;eK eRBaHeBlyb; ´xMeronedayxøÜnÉg Rtg;NaEdlminyl;´EtgeTAsaksYrGñk CítxagEdleKeron)aneRcIn . eBlEdl´min)aneTAeronGs; kalyUréf¶

´EtgEt)anTTYlsMbuRtBIRKÚRbcaMfñak;

sresrmklYgelam[´RtLb;eTAeronvíj

Edl

suCa´ CYnkalsu

GansMbuRtTaMgRsk;TwkEPñk edayGrKuNelakRKÚGñkRKÚNas; EdlminbBaÄb;karsikSarbs;´

ehIyEtgEtelIkTwkcitþCanic©

EtmindågeqøIytbeTAvíjedayrebobNa

nwkkmSt;Etmñak;Ég

cg;eTAeronvíj EtélminekIt eRBaHKµanGñkCMnYs mü:ageTotelak «BukCab;rvl;eFVIensaTkmµnigksikmµ

bgRbúsRtÚveTAeronenA

-9GnuvíTüal½y Éb¥Ún ² suT§EtRsI . edaysarkareronrMlg fñak;pg

edaykarQb;eRcIneBkpg

y:agNa

k¾´dågxøÜnÉgfa

eTaHbI´xMeronxøÜnÉg

´eronminTan;eKeT

kalenaH´)an

cMNat;fñak;elx 17 kñúgcMeNamsisSRbEhl 18 nak; . luHcugqñaM

“

Føak;”

´k¾)ancuHeQµaHRblgcUlGnuvíTüal½y .

kñúgqñaMenaHEdr

lT§plKW

rdæ)anbBa¢Únelak«BukeTA

ÉGñkmþayk¾lk;Taecal rYcTijeKavíj . cab;BIeBlenaHmk suCa´maneBl a´

evlaRKb;RKan;edÍm,IsikSa

´Føab;snüa

nwgb¥ÚnRsI´fa {ebIeronmin)anelx 1 nwgkat;Rmaméd[EqásIu} dUcbMNgEmn qmasTI 1 )anelx 2 qmasTI 2 )anelx 1 eBleTARblgcUlGnuvíTüal½yk¾Cab;eTot

GVI

mindUc

bMNgeT )anmü:agxVHmü:ag suCa´fV a´ Íd,itEtGayu 14 qñaMehIy EtmaDl¥itd,itQWeRcIn Fak;kg;eTAeronminrYc eRBaHpøÚvq¶aykat; valERs rIÉExTwkCn;k¾lM)akqøg emø:aHehIyelak«BukGñkmþay )an[´eTAsñak;enA CamYyG‘uMRsICÍdUnmYyeQµaH eGog supl ehA

G‘ab

enAPUmi

Ggáaj;

BIsalaGnuvíTüal½ydUgx<s;

EdlmanTItaMgminq¶ayb:unµan .

´sñak;enATIenaHRbEhl

- 10 BIbIeTAbYnEx

dl;rdUvsRmkk¾laG‘uMRsIeTApÞHvíj

RTaMCíHkg;

eTAeronTaMgRtdabRtdYs .

vis½ysil,³ GMeNayBIFmµCati GaceRcógbMeBrcas;

suCa´mansemø gBIeraHRKan;ebIEdr a´ kñúgPUmi[RtCak;citþ)an

b:uEnþkarenH

Tal;EtmanrgVan;eTIbeRcóg minecHEteRcóg[sþab;edayTeT ² b¤eRcógrLÚrLaedÍm,Isb,ayeLIy minTan;ecHesøókexaemø:H

suCa´ecHeRcógtaM gBI a´

eRkaymk´eroneRcógtamelak

Ekv

sar:at; GñkRsuksþab;ehIyeBalsresIrfa dUc Ekv sar:at; ebHbiT taMgBIeBlenaHmk GñkRsukehAsu suCa´fa sar:at;ekµg a´ ehIykøayCaGñkceRmógRbcaMsalataMgBIbzmsikSamkemø:H eRkABIeRcóg

´GachYc)anRKb;bT

ehIykarhYceTotesat

´hYcmin[dac;semøgeT KWhYcTal;Etcb;bTmYy ² eTIbQb; edayeRbITaMgxül;ecjnigxül;cUl hak;dUcCa´mindkdegðÍmG‘Icwg

GñkRsuksþab;eTA

elIsBIenH

B¤

´GachYceFVICa

semøgxøúy)an eRBaHehtuenaH cas; ² ehA´fa kumarxøúyTiBV .

- 11 EpñkbTePøgvíj

suCa´mi a´ nFøab;)aneronBIRKÚNaeT

man»kaskan;]bkrN_ePøg)anRbEhlmYyem:ag

b:uEnþebI´ ´Gacedj

RtÚv)anmYybTb¤BIrbTPøam eRBaH´ecHeFVIbTePøgtammat; ehIy ravrksemøgePøgtamsUrmat;´enaHÉg . Epñkcmøak;nigKMnUr ´ minCaecHNas;NaeT

b:uEnþebIkñúgcMeNamenaH

minmanGñkecH

´k¾GaceFVI)an tYy:agdUcCabTumectiyEdlkMBugksag suCa´ CaGñkKUr[ecjCarUbragdMbUg . mü:ageTot kñúgnam´CakUnGñk ERs sil,³eFVIERscmáardUcCa P¢Ür ras; sabeRBaH dksÞÚg agsÞat; nigFøab;RbRBwtþeFVI RcÚtkat; e)akEbnCaedÍm suCa´ecHy: a´ y:agskmµ .

EpñksuxPaB suCa´

ebIniyayBIsuxPaB

hak;bIdUcCacEmøkNas;

ebIeRbóbeTAnwgmnusSFmµta eRBaHGñkmþaydMNalR)ab;fa kal ´Gayu)an 6 Ex manerOgGs©arümYyekIteLIg erOgenaHKW {éf¶ mYy evlaem:ag 12 éf¶Rtg; enAÉeragkardæan mþaymIg´eQµaH eGog em:A )aneXIjBs;éRBmYyk,alenAkñúgRbmUrkenÞl Kat;k¾

- 12 vaysmøab;Bs;éRBenaH rYcykeTAe)aHecalenAxagt,Úgerag . luHGñkmþaymkBIeFVIkar GñkmIg)annaMGñkmþayeTAemIlBs;Edl gab;ehIy eXIjfaBs;enaHelonGNþatecjmkeRkA nigman QamhUrecjtamRcmuHnigmat;CaeRcIn cab;epþÍmtwgeBaH

Rbkac;snøb;Qwg

QamhUrecjtamRcmuHnigmat;

yb;enaH

elotGNþat

suCa´ nigman

manGakardUcCaBs;EdlGñk

rebobenH 3 dg mþay)aneXIjBIéf¶ . yb;enaH suCa´Rbkac; a´ elak«BukGñkmþaymin)ansRmanþeT} . cab;BIeBlenaHmk ´ manCm¶WEbbenHCaerogrhUt CYnkalmYyéf¶

RKan;EtmankarregVÍlCagmun mYyéf¶mþg

BIréf¶mþg

bIéf¶mþg

mYyGaTitümþg knøHExmþg KWfyCalMdab; rhUtdl;Gayu 12 qñaMeTIbCm¶WenaH)anCasHes,Iy ehAsYr

{GaGUneGðIy¡

suCa´Føab;B¤cas;

etI)aneyIg

b¤)aneK

ecA?

² }

BaküenH KWeKeRbIsRmab;GñkQWeRcIn GñkRsukxøHfa´CamnusS qáÜtRCÚk xøHKitfa suCa´RbEhlCakø ayCamnusSl¶Iel¶ImindågGI a´ eRBaHeBlenaH BUEk

´snøb;jwkjab;eBk

KWEtgEtePøcPøaMgedayeRcIn

eFVI[karcgcaMmin

CYnkalBaküxøHkMBugEt

- 13 niyaynwgmat;k¾ePøc)at;Edr . kalBImun suCa´ maneQµaHfa san sarI CYnnwgbgRbús´ san sarun b:uEnþedayQWeRcIn EbbenH eTIbERbkøayeQµaHfa san suxCa . eRkayeBlbYs elakRKÚ´)anEkfa san suCa dUecñHvíj .

EpñkrbYssñam suCa´

maneRKaHfñak;Epñkk,albIdg

mat;nigeFµjmþg

eBaHmþg . Epñkk,alenaHKW ³ elIkTI 1 kalminTan;dågkþI rt;RbNaMgCamYybgRbús eTArkGñkmþayenAÉc®gáan

dYle)aknwgRCúj

EbkRtg;regVl

k,alcMBIxagelI/ erOgenH´mincaMeT . elIkTI 2 GayuRbEhl 7 qñaM enAcaM)anfa resoléf¶ mYy ´)anhUb)aykkenAÉc®gáan BagelIpÞHGs;Twk ´k¾cuHeTA påkTwkkñúgBagxagmuxpÞH . RKan;Etdak;eCÍgcuHRsab;EtrbUtédFøak; k,aleTAmune)aknwgRCújRTab;eCÍgTMhMRbEhlBIrcMGam 4 RCúg RtÚvcMk,alxagsþaM

EdlemIleXIjsñamrhUtsBVéf¶enH

edayRtÚvxøaMgeBk minQWeT eTACas<wkGs; ´xMeRkakQreLIg

- 14 Rsab;EtmanGarmµN_famanTwkekþA ² hUreRsacelIxøÜn tamBit TwkenaHKWCaQamEdlhUrecjBIk,alxøÜnÉg . edayxøacelak «BukbenÞas nigPaBl¶g;exøA ´k¾Rbjab;dYsTwkgUtCRmHQam enaHecj EtTwkenaHERbBN’eTACaRkhmTaMgGs; . emIleTA eXIjfaQamrwtEteRcIn

ÉkmøaMgrwtEtfy

tamCeNþIrpÞHxagmuxeTArkelak«Buk elIpÞH

suCa´k¾ a xMvareLIg

EdlGgÁúyevjExSenA

elak«BukRKan;EteXIj´RbLak;edayQam

taMgBI

k,aldl;eCÍg enAelITIbMputénmat;CeNþIr k¾sÞúHmkcab;´eday Rbjab; . ´mankartk;søútCaxøaMg edayxøacelak«Bukcab;´ vay eRBaHminecHRby½tñ .

karP½yenH

´esÞIrEtrbUtédFøak;

mþgeTot . elak«Bukcab;´bBa¢iHelIsµart;eTAy:agelOn sMedA eTApÞHCÍdUn . kalenaHminmaneBTüeT elak«BuknigGñkPUmi)an ykké®nþmkkat;sk;ecj mkedrTaMgRss;Etmþg

nigykm¢úlecssRmab;edrexaGav

rYcTMBaresµAcieBa©ónbiTeFVICafñaM

Éecs

EdledrenaH min)anhUtecjeT RbEhlCarlayGs;ehIy .

- 15 elIkTI 3 suCa´FM a´ bnþicehIy rt;elg)al;CamYyekµg GñkRsuk k¾dYle)aknwgfµ EbkecjQamEpñkxageRkay Etmin xøaMgdUcelIkTI 2 eT ehIyfñaMBüal)al KWesµAcieBa©óndEdl . EpñkRtg;mat;nigeFµj edaysarPaBrBwsrbs;ekµg ´)an elatcUlkñúgFugsaMgFMmYy

Edlmankm<s;esµIk,al

eBl

elat edaylMnwgminl¥ k¾)ane)akRtÚvcMmat;FugenaH mat;Fug rwgCagmat;´ bbUrmat;k¾Ebk eFµjxagmuxregÁÍTaMgGs; QamhUr rham Gñkmþay)an[´ebomRsaedÍm,I[s<wk . eFµjEdlFøab; Etl¥dUceFµjkNþúr k¾køayCaeFµjdUcsBVéf¶enH . enHkal´ enACakumarmunbYs . EpñkeBaH Føab;vHkat;ExñgeBaHevonmþg . CaFmµta kar vHkat;Exñg

eKcat;TukfaCaerOgtUctacb:ueNÑaH

ERbkøayeTACaerOgFM

KWmuxrbYsmingayCa

ruHerIefñredreLIgvíjdl;eTABIrelIk

EtcMeBaH´

ecHEtmanxÞúH

RtÚv

srubeTAbIelIkTaMgeBl

vHkat;pg . eBlvHkat; suCa´ sßitenAkñúgePTCaPikçúPav³ .

- 16 -

karcUlsagpñÜs suCa´ minEdlnwkRsémfacg;ecjbYseT eKalKMnit cg;eFVICaRKÚbeRgón bc©úb,nñ

CaGñkceRmóg

nigCavíciRtkr

b:uEnþExSCÍvít

minXøatq¶ayBIRsemalGtIt³EdlCa]bnisS½yFøab;

snSMmkeLIy . l¶acéf¶mYy kñúgkalEdl´manGayu 15 qñaM CaeBlvísSmkal bnÞab;BIeronenAGnuvíTüal½y)anmYyqñaM ´enA xageRkampÞH elak«BukGgÁúyenAelIpÞH)ay Bisar)aybeNþIr niyaynwg´beNþIrfa { >>>>>>>>>>> CakUn¡ «eXIjkUnÉgKµankmøaMg kMEhgdUceKeT ehIyQWeRcIneTot ebIrksIuciBa©wmCÍvíteTAeday kmøaMg)ayminekIteT «manpøÚvBIr[ÉgeRCÍserIs TImYyKWRtÚvxM eron

y:agehack¾[)aneFVICaRKÚbeRgónEdr

«nwgxMts‘Urkluy

[kUneron TIBIrKWeTAbYs Etmin[bYsRKan;EtcaMvtþeT KWRtÚveTA EsVgeronsURt[)anecHdågdUcetCKuN

sug

etCKuN

qun

G‘Ícwg >>>>>} kalenaH RBHsgÇBIrGgÁenH maneQµaHl,Ifa CaGñk ecHdågenAkñúgRsukenaH . B¤dUecñaH ´k¾mancMNg;xøHkñúgkarecj sagpñÜs ehIyk¾niyaytbelak«Bukfa {>>>>>>>>>>> caM´eTAsYr elakyaysin ebIKat;eBjcitþ l¶acenH eBlmkBIERsvíj

- 17 ´minmkpÞHeT ´nwgeTAeronFm’enAÉvtþEtmþg >>>>>>>>>} l¶acenaH ´yk)ayeTACUnbgRbúsenAÉERs

)aneQogcUleTAsYrCÍdUn

rbs;´fa { >>>>>>>>>>> elakyay¡ ebI´bYs etIelakyayKit y:agNaEdr? } elakyaytbfa { >>>>> )anecAÉgbYs yay eRtkGrNas; >>>} B¤dUecñaH ´k¾seRmccitþfa RtÚvEtbYs . bnÞab;BIyk)ayCUnbgRbúsehIy ´k¾rt;eTAeronFm’enAÉvtþTaMg yb;Etmþg . bnÞab;BIeronFm’)anRbEhlknøHEx éf¶bBVC¢ak¾cUlmkdl; KWenAéf¶ suRk 14 ekIt ExecRt B>s>2537 RtÚvnwgéf¶TI 22 Exemsa qñaM 1992 ´k¾)anERbkøayBIkumara san suCa mkCa sameNr

san

suCa

edaymanRBHPikçú

Ej:m

v:an;

CaRBH]bCÄay_ . kalenaH

mankulbutþ

rUbepSgeTot)anbYs

rYmKñaCamYynwg´ dUecñHsrubTaMg´pgRtÚvCa 6 rUb . b:uEnþKYr[ Gnic©a

smNmitþrbs;´

rUbenaH

RBmTaMgmanRbBn§kUnGs;eTAehIy

)anlacaksikçabT

suCa´bu enAsl;Etsu a´ :eNÑaH

ehIysuCa´k¾ a´ mindågfa GactsU‘)anyUrb:uNÑaeToteT . eNðIy¡ eRscEtelIehtubc©½yeTAcuH .

- 18 -

vsSaTI 1

(edÍmqñaM 1992)

bUraNEtg)aneBalfa { enApÞHmþayTIéT eTAéRBmþay EtmYy } BitdUecñaHEmn eBlenaH suCa´mi a´ nEmnCamnusSman esckþIkøahanb:unµaneT fVÍd,itEtbMNgénkarbYs KWedÍm,IecjeTA sikSaEmn eLIy

b:uEnþmindågfaRtÚvsikSaGVI

NamYyminsÁal;eKÉg

minh‘anedÍrpøÚvq¶ay

b¤RtÚveTAsikSaenATINa

minsÁal;TIkEnøg

eRBaHkalenaH

nigP½yxøac

RsukExµreyIgminTan;cb;

s®gÁamenAeLIyeT . dUecñHCÍvíteyIgmñak; ² munnwg)anseRmc eKaledAGVImYy minEmn)anedayécdnü b¤)anedayÉg ² eT KWRtÚvEtmancMNuccab;epþÍm RtÚvEtmanGñkbgðajpøÚv . ÉcMNuc suCa´ mandUcteTA . cab;epþÍménkarsikSakñúgPaBCaGñkbYsénsu bnÞab;BIbYs)anRbEhl eXIjfa

raRtIéf¶mYy

´subin

)anCíHelIdMbUlLand¾FMmYyCamYyRBHPikçúmYyGgÁ

RBHnam su‘n supn¬1¦

ecjBIvtþEdl´Kg;enAeq<aHeTAkan;Tis

1>RBHPikçú s‘un supn edaysarelakCakUneBAkñúgRKÚsar minFøab;manb¥Ún kal´eTIbEtbYs elak)ansuM´eFVICab¥Ún ehIy)ansnüanwg´fa eTaHbImanehtuy:agNak¾eday elakenAEt RsLaj;rab;Gan´[dUcCab¥ÚnbegáÍtrhUtdl;cas;søab;erogxøÜn . elak)anlacaksikçabT eTAehIy sBVéf¶rs;enAshrdæGaemrik .

- 19 xageCÍg . lMdab;enaH edayLanep¥óg ´k¾Føak;eTAkñúgRbLay EdlmanTwkl¥k;eLIgRkhmdUcBN’dÍs¥it enARbbpøÚvxaglic . RBHPikçú s‘un supn ERskR)ab;´fa { enn¡ qab;eLIgmk¡>>>} ´xMRsvaeLIgy:agNak¾eLIgminrYcEdr

rMeBcenaH

manPikçú

mYyGgÁ ragsÁmx<s; sm,úrminsUvCasb:unµan ykCeNþIreQI mkdak;nwgmat;RbLay

ehIyR)ab;´fa

{

ennÉgeLIgtam

enHmk¡ } ´k¾)aneLIgrYc . RBwkeLIg eBleRkakBIswg ´)anniyayerOgsubinenaH R)ab;smNmitþTaMgLayrbs;´taMgBIedÍmdl;cb;

RKan;Et

em:agRbEhl 10 knøHRBwk RBHPikçúEdl´)aneXIjkñúgsubin enaHk¾nimnþmkdl; . ´)anniyayR)ab;smNmitþrbs;´fa Pikçú GgÁenHehIy

Edl)anykCeNþIr[´RBHkruNakñúgyl;sbþi

kalBIyb;mij . karelIkeLIgy:agenH KWcg;bBa¢ak;fa ´)an sÁal;elakkñúgsubin muneBl)anCYbRBHP®½kþelakEmnETn . RbEhlmYys)þah_eRkaymk elakk¾cab;epþÍm beRgón Pasa)alIdl;´RBHkruNa nigsmNmitþTaMgLay . elak manRBHnamfa RBHPikçú Lay y:ul . elakminRtwmEtbeRgón

- 20 b:ueNÑaHeT

sUm,IEtbc½©ybYn

nigsuxTukçrbs;sisS

k¾EtgEt

KitKUr dUc«BuknigkUnG‘Ícwg . Ésu suCa´ k¾)antaMgenAkñúg»vaT rbs;elak nigeKarBRbtibtþielakfaCaRKÚTImYyrbs;´ taMgBI eBlenaHmk . enHKWCacMNuccab;epþÍménkarsikSarbs;´ kñúg ePTCabBVCít . qñaMTImYyenaH ´)anTenÞjcaMsÞat;rt;mat;nUv)alI evyüakrN_ 5 nieTÞs kñúgbNþaevyüakrN_TaMg 7 nieTÞs KW GkçrvíFInieTÞsTI

namnieTÞsTI

GaxüatnieTÞsTI

kitknieTÞsTI 6 nig]NaTnieTÞsTI 7 edayrMlgsmasnieTÞs TI 3 nigtT§itnieTÞsTI 4 . eBlCítv:akg

elakRKÚR)ab;fa

elakbeRgónenATIenaH

EtmYyvsSahñwgeT ´k¾suMBwgRBHPikçú s‘un supn [CUneTArk kEnøgsikSaCabnþenATIRkúgPñMeBj vtþNak¾minTTYl´eLIy edayesckþIGs;sgÇwm .

b:uEnþedaybuNüminRKb;RKan;

suCa´RtÚ a´ vRtLb;eTARsukkMeNItvíj

- 21 -

- 22 -

vsSaTI 2

(qñaM 1993)

edÍmqñaM 1993 suCa´kan;EtmankarGs;sgÇwm eRBaH smNsisSfñak;TI 2 nigfñak;TI 3 RtÚvRbLgcUleTAvíTüal½y RBHsuraRmwt ÉsmNsisSEdlRblgFøak;nigelakRKÚrbs;´ RtÚvmand¿eNIreTAq¶ay . minyUrb:unµanelakk¾)anecjeTAEmn Etelak)anpþaMfa {>>> ennÉgRTaMenAsincuH kuMeTANamkNaGI ehIykuMswkNa mun´kUNaecjeTAq¶ay ´kUNanwgeqøótTak;Tg TIkEnøg[ >>>} rYcelakk¾naMKñaecjeTA . Ésu suCa´ k¾manesckþI sgÇwmtic ² eLIgvíj . muncUlvsSaTI

elakk¾)anRtLb;mknaM

suCa´

RBmTaMgsmNmitþ 5 rUbeTot [eTAeronenAvtþBénø XuMBénø RsukbribUN’ extþkMBg;qñaMg edaymanRBHPikçú Ekv Rbús CaGñk beRgón

kñúgvsSaenaH

nigeronevyüakrN_)alI

´cab;epþÍmERbKm<IrRBHFmµbTPaKTI1 GMBIsmasnieTÞs

muxvíC¢aepSg² eTot manKNitvíTüaCaedÍm .

rYmCamYy

- 23 -

- 24 eBlecjvsSa edaynwkrlwkdl;RKÚedÍm ´k¾suMecjBI vtþBénøeTAsñak;eronCamYyelakCabnþ Rsuk)akan RbmaNCag

extþeBaF×sat; 70

rUb

enAvtþsVaydUnEkv edaymansmNsisS

eBlenaH´Kµanfñak;

BitR)akdeT

KWeBlyb;ERbKm<IrFmµbTPaKTI 7 nigTI 8 CamYyelakRKÚ´ dl;eBléf¶)anBwgBak;RBHefr³cas;

[elakCYyERbKm<Ir

FmµbTBIPaKeRkam ² eTAedÍm,Iqab;cb; . ´sñak;eron enATIenaH )anRbEhl 2 Ex eXIjfaPasa)alIrbs;´hak;dUcCaRKan;ebI CagmuneRcIn EtmuxvíC¢aepSg ² sRmab;C¿nYydl;karRblgcUl eTAvíTüal½yRBHsuraRmwt nigedayB¤d¿Nwgfa

dUcCaKNitvíTüaCaedÍmminTan;BUEk

enAÉvtþR)asaT

XuMtanI

RsukGgÁrC½y

extþkMBt manRBHPikçúmYyGgÁRBHnam nYn Føab;eron)anfñak;x<s; kalenACaRKhsß elakGacCYybeRgónmuxvíC¢aepSg ² )an . ´k¾eFVId¿eNIreTAvtþenaHCamYynwgRBHPikçú b:uk Ca CasisSc,g rbs;´ nigsameNr Ess sUda CamitþrYmfñak;rbs;´ . kñúg kalenaH´k¾)aneronmuxvíC¢aepSg ² manKNitvíTüaCaedÍm nig ERbKm<IrCabnþ edaymanRBHPikçú bu:k Ca CaGñkCYybkERb .

- 25 -

eRkayeBlEdl´cakecjeTA)anRbEhlknøHEx eday xVHxatcgðan;xøaMgeBk

RKÚrbs;´nigsmNsisSTaMgGs; )an

- 26 cakecjBIvtþsVaydUnEkv edayEckCaBIrRkúmKW ³ mYyRkúmeTA sñak;enAvtþBalEjk

XuMpÞHéRB

edayelakRKÚrbs;´CaGñk

beRgón mYyRkúmeTot eTAsñak;enAvtþERBksþI XuMrlks eday manRBHPikçúFmµ)al sux rwub CaGñkbeRgón ehIyvtþTaMgBIrenH sißtenAkñúgRsuksMeBAmas extþeBaF×sat; . ´sñak;eronenAvtþ R)asaT)anRbEhlmYyEx

k¾RtLb;mkextþeBaF×sat;mþgeTot

edaysñak;enAvtþBalEjk

sikSakñúgsMNak;RKÚrbs;´Cabnþ

eTot rhUtdl;eBlRbLgEtmþg . ak; manGñkxøHyl;RcLMfa kñúgkaleNaH suCa´)ansñ a´ enAkñúgvtþERBksþI b:uEnþkarBitmindUecñaHeT ´sUmCRmabfa ´min Føab;)ansñak;enAvtþERBksþIeT

RKan;EtFøab;eTAelgsmNmitþ

rbs;´ 2 b¤ 3 dg Etb:ueNÑaH . enAéf¶TI 5 Ex mina qñaM1994 ´)anRblgCab; víBaØabnb½RténsalaBuTi§kbzmsikSa enAmNÐlRblgPñMeBj .

- 27 -

kñúgqñaMenaHdEdl rYcehIy

eRkayeBl)anTTYlvíBaØabnb½Rtrg

´k¾)anRblgcUlsikSaenAvíTüal½yRBHsuraRmwt

- 28 raCFanIPñMeBj

CasisSCMnan;TI

eBlenaHehIy

EdlkñúgCÍvíttRmÚv[su suCa´ manesckþItsU‘kan;EtxøaMgeLIg . mkdl;PñMeBjdMbUg minTan;mankudísñak;enARtwmRtÚveT . edaysÁal;smNsisSCMnan;TI 1

EdlCasisSc,grbs;´

Kg;enAkudíelx 11 énvtþ]NÑaelam ´k¾ykGIv:an;eTAepJIenAkudí enaH

ehIysuMswgenArebogkudíxageRkA

b:uEnþeRkaymk

edayFøab;rab;GanRBHPikçúmYyGgÁRBHnam su‘n supn ral;eBl raRtI elak)anehA´eTAswgelIERKCamYyelak luHdl;eBléf¶ ´enAEtminmanTIkEnøgBitR)akddEdl

´rs;enAkñúgsPaB

EbbenHGs;ry³eBlCaeRcInEx . eRkaymk edayRTaMnwgCÍvPaBEbbenHmin)an RKÚrbs;´ rYmnwgsmNmitþTaMgLay

)aneTAerobrab;BITukçlM)akrbs;xøÜn

cMeBaHRBHemKNextþtaEkv . RBHemKNk¾manRBHT½yGaNit ehIyelakk¾)aneFVIc,ab;esñIsuMKN³RKb;RKgvtþ]NÑaelam [ RbKl;kudíelx

mksmNsisSextþtaEkvsñak;enA

KN³RKb;RKgvtþ]NÑaelam

k¾)anRbKl;[tamsMeNIr

. b:uEnþ

minTan;)aneTAenAkudíenaHPøam ² eT eRBaHeRkayéf¶rMedaH RksYg

- 29 Gb;rMminmansalaRKb;RKan; kñúgvtþ]NÑaelam

)anykkudíRBHsgÇedayeRcIn

eFVICasalabeRgónekµgCabeNþaHGasnñ

dUecñH RtÚvrg;caMeKpøas;bþÚrsalarYcsin eTIbeTAenA)an . eBl evlaénkarrg;caMkan;EtyUreTA ² sßanPaBrs;enAk¾kan;EtlM)ak TaMgGs;Kñak¾eFVIc,ab;suMmþgeTot . eRkayeBl)anTTYlsMeNIr fñak;elIk¾)ancuHmkedaHRsay[

b:uEnþmin)anTaMgRsugeT

)an

RbEhlRtwmmYyPaKbYnénkudíbu:eNÑaH . eBl)anmkenAkudíelx Cagmun

nwksµanfa)anFUrRsal

b:uEnþlT§plKWkan;EtlM)akBN’na

smNsisS

EdlCaPikçú)anKg;enACan;xagelI ´nigsmNmitþ 2 GgÁeTot EdlCasameNrsñak;enAxageRkam

¬Can;pÞal;nwgdÍ¦

CakEnøg

EdleKcak;sMramecal edayminmanTVarbg¥Üc minmanTwk ePøIg nigbgÁn;eT .

Twk

nigbgÁn;

RtÚveTAsuMeRbIR)as;enAkudídéT .

kalenaH KW >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> .

- 30 RbEhlmYyqñaMeRkay

eTIbeKRbKl;kudielx

[

TaMgRsug . cab;BIeBlenaHmk kEnøgsñak;enAk¾)anRbesIrCag mun b:uEnþCÍvPaBenAEtlM)akdEdl eRBaHminFøab;)aneKnimnþeTA sURtmnþ b¤eTsnatambuNüepSg ² eLIy . ral;éf¶ 7-8 nig 14-15 renac-exñIt edaysRmakBIkarsikSa ´)anCíHm:UtUDub eTAbiNÐ)atenAÉCayRkúg eRBaH´minh‘anedÍrbiNÐenAkñúgRkúgeT KWedaysarEtPaBeGonxµas; . ral;eBleTAbiNÐenaH minEmn )anRtwmEtcgðan;b:ueNÑaHeT

EfmTaMg)anR)ak;xøH

sRmab;

edaHRsayCÍvPaBrYc 5 éf¶éns)þah_ . smNmitþrbs;´Føab; ehA´fa CamnusSGacm_kþab; . RbEhlCaRtÚveTdåg eRBaH´ minEdlcMNayR)ak;eTAelIGIVeRkABICÍvPaBRbcaMéf¶ nigsRmab; TijesovePAsikSaeLIy

edayehaceTA

sUm,IEtTwkGMeBA

mYyfg;témømYyryerol k¾minh‘anTijqan;Edr . dl;eBlvísSmkal ´)aneTAtamCnbTepSg ² edÍm,I EsVgrkGgár nigbc©½ybYnxøHsRmab;eRbIR)as;kñúgkarsikSaCabnþ kñúgbevsnkalfµÍ .

- 31 -

- 32 -

- 33 -

- 34 PaBlM)akenAPñMeBj RbsinebIminmankareRCamERCgGMBI RKÚrbs;´eT

´k¾minGacts‘U)anEdr

minTan;Gs;erOgEdlRtÚvniyayeT

karerobrab;mkenH

b:uEnþcMNucxøHEføgminrYc

eTIb´sUmminniyay . tamBit kñúgCÍvítrbs;smN³ minKYrt¥ÚjEt¥reRcIneBkeT eRBaHehtudUecñH

´sUmminniyayGMBIbBaðalM)akteTAeToteT

edÍm,IkuM[CÍvRbvtþienHmanesckþIEvgeBk . ry³eBl 4 qñaMeRkaymk ´)anRblgCab;víBaØabnb½Rt mFümsikSabzmPUmi énsalaBuT§ikvíTüal½yRBHsuraRmwt . eRkayeBlRblgecjehIy ´min)ansikSabnþeTAfñak; elIeT

eRBaHeBlenaH

KWCaeBlEdl´cab;epþÍmraErkpøÚvcitþ

minGackMNt;pøÚvénCÍvítsRmab;edÍredayxøÜnÉg)an mü:agcg;eron Cabnþ

mü:agcg;edÍrtammaK’aRBHFm’

kalenaH´caM)anfa

´Føab;eTAsUmGnuBaØatGMBIejamRbúsRsIrbs;´ edÍm,IeTAeFVIFutgÁ enAkñúgéRBrhUtGs;mYyCÍvít b:uEnþejamTaMgBIrminGnuBaØat . ´ k¾sñak;enAPñMeBjCabnþ edÍm,IsikSaPasabreTs dUcCaGg;eKøs nigPasaéfCaedIm .

- 35 -

- 36 eRkABIkarsikSaenABuT§ik³ ´k¾)anyl;dågxøH ² GMBIsgÁm dUcCasiT§imnusSCaedÍm .

- 37 -

- 38 -

- 39 -

- 40 kRmiténkarsikSarbs;´

manRtwmb:ueNÑHÉg

ebIeRbób

eTAnwgsm½yeCOnelOn minKYrebInwgelIkmkniyayeLIy .

karecjbeRgón enAéf¶ 14 erac ExecRt nBVs½k B>s>2541 RtÚvnwg éf¶TI 21 Exemsa qñaM 1997 ´)an]bsm,TaCaPikçúPav³kñúg sMNak;RBH]bCÄay_rbs;´dEdl . eRkayeBl]bsm,Ta)an 2 vsSa KWenAedÍmqñaM 1999 ¬mincaMéf¶Exc,as;las;¦

RKÚrbs;´)ancat;[´eTAbeRgón

smNsisSenAvtþeBaFim®nþI

XuMeKakeBaF×

extþtaEkv

EdlCaRsukkMeNItrbs;´

RsukbUrIClsa CamYynwgRBHPikçú

Fmµsgáetßera Pum suvNÑ elakCaGñkbeRgónRBHvín½y ´CaGñk beRgónPasa)alI

nigKNitvíTüa

kñúgkalenaHman

smNsisSRbmaNCag 50 GgÁ . kalBImun vtþenaHmanPikçúsameNrEt 5 GgÁ ehIy minmancgðan;bribUN’eLIy b:uEnþeBl´ebIkbeRgón RBmTaMgman smNsisSdl;eTACag 50 GgÁ EbrCacgðan;bribUN’eTAvíj .

- 41 minRtwmEtBuT§bris½TeCIgvtþeT sUm,IBuT§bris½TenATIq¶ay ² k¾ RCHføa naMKñaCYy]btßmÖsmNsisS elIsBIkarsµanrbs;´ . kñúgqñaMenaHdEdl RksYgFmµkarnigsasna )anRbkas RbLgeRCÍserIsRKÚ bzmPUmi

edayykRtwmsBaØab½RtBuT§ikmFümsikSa

B¤dUecñaH

´k¾)aneFVIdMeNIreTARbLgenAraCFanI

PñMeBj ehIyk¾)anCab;dUcesckþIR)afña . eRkayeBlRbLgCab;

RksYgtRmÚv[eTAeronEpñk

KruekaslübEnßmcMnYn 1 Ex b:uEnþ´minTan;e)aHbg;ecalnUvkar beRgónenAÉextþtaEkveT . cugqñaM 1999 eRkayeBleronKruekaslücb; RksYg )ancat;[RKÚTaMg

rUbeTAbeRgónenAtambNþaextþnana

edayextþmYyRKÚmYy sl;b:unµanTuk[eFVIkarenARksYg . kñúgkalenaH

RksYg)anebIk»kas[RKÚTaMgGs;

eRCÍserIsykextþEdlxøÜncg;eTA sRmbsRmÜlKña)an

b:uEnþkareRCÍserIsminGac

k¾eFVIBiFIcab;eqñat

ehIy´cab;)aneQµaH

extþeBaF×sat; CaextþEdl´minFøab;manbMNgcg;eTA . eTaHCa

- 42 y:agNa

´minGacRbEkk)aneLIy

cab;eqñat dUcBakücas;eBalfa edÍmqñaM

2000

eRBaHCalT§plénkar

“s¥b;CMBb;elI”

enaHÉg .

´)aneTAbeRgónenAsalaBuT§ikbzm-

sikSavtþBalEjk XuMpÞHéRB RsuksMeBAmas extþeBaF×sat; . kñúgeBlTMenr

´)anebIkbeRgónPasaGg;eKøsdl;yuvsisS

TaMgLayEdlmkBIGnuvíTüal½yeBaF×sat;

edaybBa©Úlkar

Gb;rMsIlFm’pgEdr . edÍmqñaM

2001

´)aneTAbeRgónenAsalaBuT§ikbzm-

sikSavtþEkvsuvNÑ XuMbnÞaydÍ RsukkeNþóg extþeBaF×sat; .

- 43 -

- 44 -

karERbkøayCaRKÚbeRgónFm’ edÍmqñaM 2001 enaH ´)ancab;epþÍmbeRgónsmNsisS enAvtþEkvsuvNÑ . edÍm,IsRmÜlkargarenaH ´)annimnþRBHPikçú suvNÑbeBaØa bu:k Ca¬1¦ CasisSc,grbs;´ [mkCYy . eRkABIkarbeRgónenAsalaBuT§ik³ tamkmµvíFIbuNüCaeRcInkEnøg

´)anTTYlsEmþgFm’

BuT§bris½T)ansresIrfa

´BUEkBnül;RKan;ebI . ´caM)anfa resoléf¶mYy man])asikaBIrrUb cUlmk suM[´beRgónFm’dl;BuT§bris½T . ´RbEkkfa Kat;bnþfa

“´RBHkruNaeXIjfaekIteTIbnimnþ

´eqøIytbfa

“caMGatµaKitemIlsin”

“minekIteTdåg¡”

>>>>>>>>” . TIbBa©b; cab;BIeBlenaHmk

eTaHsßitkñúg\riyabfNak¾´ykbBaðaenaHmkKitfa minekIt”

“ekIt

eRBaHCMnajrbs;´minEmnCaGñkbeRgónFm’eT

b¤ KWCa

GñkbeRgónEpñkBuT§ik³ manPasa)alICaedÍm .

1-edÍmeLIyelakmaneQµaHfa bu:k Ca b:uEnþedÍm,IkuM[RcLMeQµaHKña ´k¾sUm[elakbþÚr eQµaHfa bu:k swum dUecñHvíj .

- 45 RbEhlmYys)þah_eRkay TaMgBIrrUbfa

´)aneqøIytbnwg])asika

“Gatµanwgsakl,gemIl

BiPakSaKñarYcehIy

enAéf¶TI

>>>>>>>>>” . eRkayBIkar

Exemsa

rYmCamYynwgKN³kmµkarvtþ)aneFVIsMeNIr sikSamYymaneQµaHfa

qñaM

2001

suMc,ab;begáÍtkEnøg

mCÄmNÐlsikSaGb;rMBuT§sasna

(Buddhist Education Center)

EdlmanTItaMgenAkñúg

vtþEkvsuvNÑenaHÉg . mYyExeRkaymk ´k¾cab;epþÍmbeRgón BuT§bris½TGMBIkgFm’epSg ² edaymYys)þah_bgðat; 3 éf¶ KW suRk esAr_ nigGaTitü . kalebIebIkbeRgónRBHFm’)andUecñH ´k¾kan;Etmankarrvl;eRcIn

minGacbeRgónenAsalaBuT§ik³)an

dítdl;eT . edÍm,IsRmÜlkargarenH ´)anRbKl;kargarbeRgón Pasa)alI[RBHPikçú

suvNÑbeBaØa b:uk swum CaGñkeFIVCMnYs

É´enACYybgðat;muxvíC¢aepSg ² dUcCaKNitvíTüa nig RBHvín½y CaedÍm

cab;BIeBlenaHmk

karbeRgónRBHFm’mankar

lUtlas;KYrCaTIkt;smÁal; . kñúgkarbeRgónenaH

´k¾)anftsemøgTukpgEdr

b:uEnþ

minmanbMNgfa ykeTApSBVpSayeT RKan;Etcg;dågfa etIkar

- 46 sEmþgrbs;xøÜnmankRmitb:unNa

ehIyebImankarxusqÁg

xitxMEktRmÚveLIgvíjEtb:ueNÑaH

kareFVIrebobenH

nwg

naM[´

TTYl)annUvbTBiesaFn_kñúgkarsEmþgkan;EtRbesIreLIg . RbEhlBIrExeRkaymk

edÍm,I[ExSRBHFm’manlMdab;

lMeday ´)anelIkykmgÁl 38 RbkarmkbeRgón . kargar rbs;´enAeBlenaH

RbRBwtþeTAy:agRsYl

karRsavRCavb:unµaneLIy

eRBaHCaFm’Edl´Føab;)ansikSa

kalEdl´eronenAvíTüal½yRBHsuraRmwt ´suxRsYl)anyUreLIy

KWminlM)akkñúg

kñúg

b:uEnþjatiejammin[

RbEhlCagBIrExeRkaymk

BYkKat;)ancUlmksuM[beRgónRBHGPiFmµ . eBlenaH ´hak; dUcCaRsLaMgkaMg

eRBaH´minsUvecHRBHGPiFmµeT

ehIyk¾min

Føab;)ansikSaBIRKÚNaEdr . ´eqøIyR)ab;jatiejamedayRtg;fa

“GatµaGt;ecHeT

b:uEnþGatµanwgKitemIlsin faetIGaceTArYc b¤

minrYc >>>” . kalenaH´)aneTAPñMeBj EsVgrkKm<IrdÍkaepSg ² EdlTak;TgnwgRBHGPiFmµ

nigsuMftcmøgyksemøgemeron

RBHGPiFmµGMBIRBHPikçúFmµ)al sux rwub EdlbeRgónedayelak GKÁbNÐit bu‘t savgS )ancMnYn 20 kaEst . ´xMsþab;beNþIr

- 47 RsavRCavtamKm<IrdÍkabeNþIr )anRsavRCav

eXIjfa

suT§EtCaFm’Gacyl;

RbEhlknøHExeRkay

GVIEdl)ansþab;

nig

nigbeRgóneK)an

´k¾)anebIkbeRgónRBHGPiFmµEfmeTot

edaybeRgónmgÁlsURt 2 éf¶ nigRBHGPiFmµ 1 éf¶ . karEdl´h‘anebIkbeRgónRBHGPiFmµ minFøab;)aneronGMBIsMNak;RKÚNaenH RKÚrbs;´EdlelakmanefrdÍka >>>´RBHkruNaEdlCaGñkbgðat;enH

TaMgEdlxøÜnÉg

eRBaH´cgcaMBaküsMdÍ eBlkMBugbeRgónsisSfa

RKan;EtCaRKÚTI

b:ueNÑaH

ÉesovePAeTIbCaRKÚTI 1 >>>> . dUecñH´)antaMgcitþy:agmutmaMfa

“GjnwgxMsþab;

nigxMRsavRCavedayxøÜnÉg RbsinebIminyl;

Rtg;cMNucNa

nwgeTAsaksYrelakGñkEdlecHdåg”

cab;epþÍmbeRgónelaPmUlcitþdYgTI 1 TaMgEdlxøÜnÉgminTan;ecH elaPmUlcitþRKb;TaMg 8 dYgpg b:uEnþecHEtdas;etOnxøÜnÉg[ manesckþÍkøahanfa

“eFVIngÁ½lRtÚvEtseRmckic©kargarmunrnas;

Canic©” . cab;BIeBlenaHmk ´)anRbKl;kargarbeRgónEpñk BuT§ik³[RBHPikçúsuvNÑbeBaØa b:uk swum TMagRsugEtmþg cMENk´ beRgónRBHFm’beNþIr BüayamsikSaRsavRCavGPiFmµbeNþIr .

- 48 kargarrbs;´)anRbRBwtþeTAy:agrlUn [kargarenHmanvísalPaB EdlmanTIFøaRsLHl¥

b:uEnþedÍm,I

´cg;EsVgrkTIkEnøgNamYy

nigminCítPUmiGñkRsukeBk

Kab;CYn

eBlenaH elak Cukmiul snþiPaB nig])asika Ca EkvmunI man esckþIRCHføa s<anfµ

XuMrlab

)anRbeKndÍmYykEnøgEdlmanTItaMgenAkñúgPUmi RsuksMeBAmas

extþeBaF×sat;

´)an

eFVIdMeNIreTARtÜtBinitüemIl eXIjfa TIkEnøgenaH manlkçN³ l¥RbesIrsRmab;BRgÍkkarsikSa . enAéf¶TI 01 Extula qñaM 2001 ´)anR)ab;[KN³kmµkarmCÄmNÐlGb;rMBuT§sasna

vtþEkvsuvNÑ

Edlman

])asika Ca G‘Uk CaRbFan ])asika éf sarin CaGnuRbFan eFVIsMeNIrsuMc,ab;bþÚrTItaMgmCÄmNÐl BIvtþEkvsuvNÑ eTAsag sg;enAelITwkdÍfµÍEdleTIbTTYl)an BuT§sasnmNÐlmNIrtñ

RBHsgÇraCmhasuemFaFibtI

edaydak;eQµaHCafµÍfa eRkaymkeTot

)ansuM[bþÚreQµaHfa

semþc mNÐl

sikSaRBHBuT§sasnamNIrtñ dUecñHvíj . cMeBaHRbvtþiénkarksag

mNÐlsikSaRBHBuT§sasna

- 49 mNIrtñ

´min)anerobrab;kñúgesovePAenHeT

smKYr Bisþar

ebImaneBlevla

´nwgeroberogCaesovePAmYydac;edayELk[)an .

eBlenH´niyayEtcMNucxøH

EdlBak;B½n§nwg

CÍvRbvtþirbs;´Etb:ueNÑaH . eRkayeBlsuMc,ab;)anehIy

enAéf¶cnÞ

ekIt

ExGsSúC qñaMmSaj; B>s>2546 RtÚvnwgéf¶TI 17 ExFñÚ qñaM 2001

KN³kmµkarmNÐl

)ancab;epþÍmdåkdÍmkcak;[x<s;

eLIg eRBaHTIkEnøgfµÍenH GacRtÚvTwkCn;licenAral;rdUvvsSa . bnÞab;BIcak;dÍ)anTMhMRbEhl

Em:Rt

RCúg

KN³kmµkar)ansagsg;salabeNþaHGasnñmYy nigkudítUc ² cMnYn 3 . enAéf¶GgÁar 1 ekIt ExplÁún qñaMmSaj; B>s>2546 RtÚvnwgéf¶TI 12 ExkumÖ³ qñaM 2002 ´)anmksñak;enAkñúgmNÐl sikSaRBHBuT§sasnamNIrtñrYmCamYynwgPikçúsameNr rUbeTot

b:uEnþPikçúsameNr

Gs;eTAehIy

rUbenaH)ancakecjBImNÐl

edayGgÁxøH)anlacaksikçabT

xøHeTotk¾

eTAbnþrkcMeNHdågepSg ² enAsl;Et´mñak;Égb:ueNÑaH rIÉPikçú

- 50 sameNrCag 40 rUb EdlKg;enAkñúgmNÐlsBVéf¶ suT§Et CaGñkmkeBleRkayTaMgGs; . eNðIy¡ karCYb KWCaKUnwgkar RBat;G‘IcwgehIy¡ GñkEdlkMBugEtCYbKñasBVéf¶ Kg;EtnwgEbkKña eTotminxan

dUecñH

munnwgEbkKña

mnusSeyIg

KYrEteFVI

nUvGMeBIl¥dl;KñanigKña edÍm,ITukCakarnwkrlwk eRkayeBlEdl EbkKña . eRkayBI)anmksñak;enAkñúgTIlMenAfµÍ rbs;´

´)anbnþkargar

dUcRKacugeRkayenAvtþEkvsuvNÑdEdl

mankarmmarjwkCagmun

b:uEnþkargar

eday´xMdåknaMPikçúsameNrkñúg

mNÐl[sikSaRBHvín½y tamKm<IrRBHéRtbidk . karsikSatam RBHéRtbidkenHminEmnGacyl;edaygay ² eT eRBaHmankic© nigBakümYycMnYnbgáb;edayGtßn½yd¾eRCA

dUecñHRtÚvRsavRCav

tamKm<IrepSg ² eTot dUcCaKm<IrRBHGdækfa dÍka nigeyaCna CaedÍm

b:uEnþKm<IrTaMgenaH

Pasaéf

ExµreyIgminTan;maneT

manEt

´)anEsVgrkRKÚGñkbeRgónPasaéfedayeRcIn

[mkbeRgónGMBIvíFIbkERbRBHFm’GMBIPasaéfdl;´ sameNrkñúgmNÐl

b:uEnþRKÚTaMgenaHsuT§EtRbEkk

nigPikçú eRBaHeK

- 51 minecHPasaFm’eT ecHEtPasasamBaØFmµta . kalebIdUecñaH ´k¾riHKitsarCafµÍfa

“kalenAPñMeBj

GatµaGjFøab;eronPasaéf

xøHEdr Gjnwgsakl,gERbedayxøÜnÉg >>>>” . ´)an[eKTij vcnanuRkméf-Exµr)anBIrk,al

ykmkRsavRCavedayxøÜnÉg

Emn . bnÞab;BI)anRsavRCavRbEhlmYys)þah_ GacERbrYcedayxøÜnÉg

eRBaHGtßn½yEdlBak;B½n§nwgRBHFm’

minxusGMBIPasa)alIExµreyIgb:unµaneT beRgónPikçúsameNrkñúgmNÐl minyUrb:unµan

eXIjfa´

RKaenaH

´cab;epþÍm

GMBIvíFIbkERbPasaéf

PikçúsameNrkñúgmNÐlesÞIrEtTaMgGs;suT§Et

GacbkERbedayxøÜnÉg)any:agl¥elIsBIkarsµan . nwkeLIgKYr[sb,aycitþNas; minFøab;ecH

eRBaHGVIEdlGñkdéT

´)aneFVI[eKecH

sUm,IxøÜn´pÞal;k¾)anrIkceRmIn

´Føab;)anpþl;[GñkdéT

nUvGVIEdleKminFøab;mankñúgxøÜn

pgEdr .

man 3 cMNucKW ³

- 52 1>

Pasa)alI

¬enHkal´cab;epþÍmbeRgónenAvtþ

eBaFim®nþI extþtaEkv nigvtþBalEjk extþeBaF×sat; . eRBaHEt karcab;epþÍmenH

kúñgbNþasisSTaMgLayrbs;´

mansisSxøH

)anvívDÆn_xøÜnrbs;eK[køayCaGñkecHdågelIs´eTAeTot¦ . 2> RBHGPiFmµ

RBHGPiFmµ

¬kñúgbNþasisSrbs;´PaKeRcIn

dMNalKñanwgkarbeRgónrbs;´

ecH

b:uEnþxøHeTotFøab;

)anecHBImunxøHehIy RKan;EtmkeronbEnßmb:ueNÑaH¦ . 3>

Pasaéf

¬enAmNÐlsikSaRBHBuT§sasnamNIrtñ

RKadMbUg¦ . karelIkeLIgenH

elakGñkGacKitfa

´GYtGagGMBI

KuNsm,tþixøÜnÉg b:uEnþebIeTaHCacUlkñúglkçN³enHxøH k¾´RtÚv EtelIkeLIgEdr

eRBaHKµanGñkNadågerOgenHCag´eLIy

evorElgEtGñkmanKuNFm’x<s; Gbrabrectna[ceRmIneLIg

mü:ageTotedÍm,IjúaMgnUv

´RtÚvEtrMlwkxøÜnÉgCaerOy

eFVI[xøÜnÉgmanesckþIeBjcitþ sgÁm nigRBHsasnateTAeTot .

kñúgkarbMeBjRbeyaCn_dl;

- 53 -

PaBrIkceRmInEpñkkarsEmþgnigkarbeRgónRBHFm’ ´Føab;eTAsEmþgRBHFm’enARbeTsGU®sþalIcMnYn 3 dg KW elIkTI

enAéf¶esAr_

ekIt

ExBisax

qñaMc

B>s>2549 RtÚvnwgéf¶TI 28 Exemsa qñaM 2006 ry³eBl 28 éf¶ . kalenaH´beRgónBuT§bris½T GMBIcitþbrmtß . elIkTI 2 enAéf¶ 3 erac ExecRt cugqñaMc edÍmqñaMkur Gdæs½k B>s>2550 RtÚvnwgéf¶TI 05 Exemsa qñaM 2007 ry³eBlCagmYyEx

kñúgkalenaH

´)anbeRgónrUbbrmtß

enATIRkúgEm:lb‘n nigkmµkfaenATIRkúgsIudnI . elIkTI

enAéf¶BuF

ekIt

ExecRt

cugqñaMCUt

edÍmqñaMqøÚv sMrwT§is½k B>s>2552 RtÚvnwgéf¶TI 01 Exemsa qñaM 2009 ry³eBlCagmYyEx . kñúgkalenaH ´)anbeRgón GMBIGkçrvíFI nigsigÁalksURt . kñúgdMeNIreTAkan;RbeTsGU®sþalITaMg 3 elIk eRkABI karbeRgón ral;éf¶ .

´)anTTYlsEmþgRBHFm’tameKhdæan

esÞIrEt

- 54 enAéf¶suRk

ekIt

ExeCsæ

qñaMkur

B>s>2551

RtÚvnwgéf¶TI 02 Exmifuna qñaM 2006 ´)aneTAebIkvKÁbeRgón enAsalasikSaRBHFm’RBHsmNeKatm

RsukesÞag

extþ

kMBg;FM . vKÁsikSadMbUgenH manry³eBlCagmYyEx eday elIkykRBHFmµbT

RBHKafamkbeRgón

[RsbeTAnwg

Edlmanry³eBl

Gacél)an

eRkaycUlqñaMExµr

BImYyExeTABIrEx

nigkñúgRBHvsSamYys)þah_

tamkarEdl

CYnkalmunkan;biNÐ

CYnkaleRkayP¢MbiNÐ . kargarenH ´)anRbRBwtþeFVICab;Canic© Gs;ry³eBl 4 qñaMehIy . kñúgkarbeRgón 4 qñaMknøgmk sRmab;vKÁEvgKW qñaMTI 1 beRgónRBHFmµbT 30 Kafa qñaMTI 2 beRgónRBHFmµbT 31 Kafa

qñaMTI

beRgónRBHFmµbT

Kafanigemeron

RBHGPiFmµsþIGMBIcitþbrmtß qñaMTI 4 beRgón RBHFmµbT 33 Kafa nigemeronRBHGPiFmµsþIGMBIcitþbrmtß ´ykRBHsURtepSg

rIÉvKÁxøI

CYnkal

dUcCaGaLvksURtCaedÍmmkbeRgón

- 55 CYnkalk¾bnþemeronRBHGPiFmµ .

- 56 enAéf¶TI 12 ExsIha qñaM 2007 ´)aneTAbeRgónRBHFm’ sþIGMBIGkuslFm’

enAvtþexmv½n

RkúgkMBg;cam

extþkMBg;cam tamkaresñIsuMrbs;GtItRBHemKNextþ RBHnam y:g;

sux

nigKN³kmµkarvtþexmv½n

vKÁsikSaenH

KN³kmµkarvtþ)an

ehIysuM[´eTAbeRgón

´k¾)anTTYltamsMNUmBr

kñúgmYyqñaMeTAbeRgónBIrvKÁ

vKÁTI

eday

munbuNücUlqñaMExµr

nigvKÁTI 2 muneBlcUlRBHvsSa . karsikSaenaH dUecñHKW ³ enAéf¶TI 12 Exemsa qñaM 2008 )aneTAbeRgónGMBI kmµkfa ry³eBl 41 éf¶ . rIÉvKÁbnþbnÞab;mk KWbeRgón emeronRBHGPiFmµrhUt

Edlcab;epþÍmGMBIcitþbrmtß

RbRBwtþeFVInUvkargarenH rhUtmkdl;sBVéf¶ .

´)an

- 57 -

- 58 -

kargarRbcaMqñaM enAvtþmNIrtñ

sgáat;rlab

RkúgeBaF×sat;

extþ

eBaF×sat; kñúgmYyqñaM´ebIkbeRgónRBHFm’ 2 elIk KW elIkTI 1 enAxagkñúgRBHvsSa ry³eBlBIrEx nigelIkTI 2 eRkayrdUv kzín ry³eBlmYyEx . enAsalasikSaRBHFm’RBHsmNeKatm

RsukesÞag

extþkMBg;FM kñúgmYyqñaM´ebIkbeRgónRBHFm’ 2 elIk KW elIkTI 1 eRkaybuNücUlqñaMExµr ry³eBlRbEhlmYyEx b¤BIrEx nig elIkTI 2 munbuNükan;biNÐ b¤eRkayP¢úMbiNÐ ry³eBlmYy s)þah_ . enAvtþexmv½n

RkúgkMBg;cam

extþkMBg;cam

kñúgmYyqñaM

´ebIkbeRgón 2 elIk KW elIkTI 1 enAmunbuNücUlqñaMExµr ry³eBlBImYyExeTAmYyExknøH

elIkTI

muneBlcUl

nigRKÚsURteqVg

CaGñkemIl

- 59 -

etIsuCa´CasisSrbs;GñkNa ? GñkNaCaRKÚrbs;´ ?

karEdl´elIkeLIgenH

KWedÍm,IrMlwkeLIgvíjnUvKuNU-

bkar³rbs;RKÚTaMgLayEdlFøab;manmkelI´

eRBaHGVIRKb;y:ag

RKÚpÞal;

-RBHPikçú Ej:m v:an; CaRBH]bCÄay_rbs;´ . elak

manKuNdUcmþay eRBaH)anbegáÍtnUvkMeNItbBVCit[´ nigFøab; [»vaTl¥ ² CaeRcIn . elak)anlacakelakenHeTAehIy .

-RBHPikçú Lay y:ul CaGacarürbs;´ . elakman

KuNdUc«Buk

eRBaHCaGñkbgðat;beRgónPasa)alIdl;´

munRKÚ

NaTaMgGs; . minRtwmEtb:ueNÑaH eRkABIkarbeRgón elakEtg EtCYy]btßmÖ´ TaMgEpñksmÖar³ TaMgEpñksµartI . elakEtg ENnaM´[sÁal;xusRtÚv

karBar´min[eFøayxøÜneFVIGMeBImin

smrmü . ´taMgenAkñúg»vaTrbs;elak Gs;ry³kal 7 qñaM . sBVéf¶elak)anlacaksikçabTeTAehIy Kat;faCaRKÚTImYyrbs;´rhUt .

b:uEnþ´enAEtcat;Tuk

- 60 -

- 61 -RBHPikçú Ekv Rbús CaRKÚbeRgónPasa)alI . elak

Føab;beRgón´Gs;ry³eBl 3 Ex .

-RBHPikçú s‘un supn . elak)anrab;Gan´faCab¥Ún .

elakFøab;CYybkERbKm<IrRBHFmµbTPaKTI 4 dl;´ .

-RBHPikçú b:uk Ca . elakFøab;)anCYybkERbKm<IrFmµbT

PaKTI 2 dl;´ .

-RBHPikçú nut sam:un . elakFøab;)anbeRgónRBHvín½y

dl;´Gs;ry³eBlRbEhlmYyEx nigFøab;)anbgðajGMBIrebob eTsnaxøH ² dl;´ . -elakRKÚd¾eRcInrUbenAvíTüal½yRBHsuraRmwt RkúgPñMeBj manelakRKÚ rs; saevn CaedÍm . ´Føab;sikSaenATIenaHGs;

ry³eBl 4 qñaM . ´mincaMeQµaHelakRKÚTaMgenaHGs;eT .

-])asika Guwg Kwmrs; . Kat;Føab;GeBa¢IjmkbeRgón

Km<Irmhabdæandl;´ sRmab;ry³eBlxøI .

RKÚTaMgGs;Edl´elIkeLIgenH cat;CaRKÚpÞal; eRBaHCa GñkcMNayTaMgkmøaMgkay

kmøaMgcitþ

bgðat;beRgón´edaypÞal;

nigEtgEtxVl;xVayfa

minyl; . eRBaHehtuenaH ´[eQµaHfa

nigkmøaMgR)aCJa

RKÚpÞal; .

kñúgkar

´yl;

b¤

- 62 -

RKÚRbeyal -elakta ERBk taETn

¬´minsÁal;eQµaHrbs;elak

BitR)akdeT¦ . ´Føab;sþab;elakeTsnatamry³kaEst Edl sEmþgtambuNünana

RbEhlBIr

b¤bIkaEst

ehIy´k¾eron

eTsnatamelak . -elakRKÚ ektuFemµa sM b‘uneFOn . ´Büayamsþab; elaksEmþgtamvíTüúGs;ry³kald¾yUr

rhUtekItesckþIRCHføa

)aneTAsuMGnuBaØatBIejamRbúsRsI edÍm,IlHbg;GVI ² RKb;y:ag cUleTAeFVIsmNFm’kñúgéRB b:uEnþejamTaMgBIrminRBm . -elakRKÚGKÁbNÐit

b‘ut

savgS

´Büayam

sþab;tamvíTüú nigkaEstCaeRcIn . -elakRKÚFmµacarü rs; supat . ´sþab;karbeRgón RBHGPiFmµrbs;Kat;tamkaEst . -elakRKÚFmµacarü KaM GIuv . ´sþab;karbeRgónRBHvín½y rbs;Kat;Gs;CaeRcInkaEst . -elakyay sucinþ CnCatiéf . ´)ansþab;karbeRgón emeronstib,dæanrbs;Kat;Gs;CaeRcInkaEst .

- 63 -semþcRBHsgÇraC eCatBaØaeNa CYn Nat . ´)an sþab;karsmÖasn_GkSrsa®sþrbs;elak kaEst

)anRbEhl

nig)ansikSatamvcnanuRkmrbs;elak

mYyGenøI

edayesovePAFm’epSg ² Edlelak)aneroberog . -semþcRBHsgÇraC vCírb,eBaØa hYt tat . ´)an sikSaPasasM®sáwt tamesovePArbs;elak nigesovePA epSg eTot dUcCa CÍvítmnusS nigmhavNÑkmµExµrCaedÍm . -bUraNbNÐitExµrCaeRcIn

Edl´min)ancaMeQµaHGs;

dUcCa RBHFmµ)al exov CMu/ RBH]tþmmunI G‘uM sU‘/ RBHGacarü Qwm su‘m/ RBHGaca RBHGacarü cab Bin/ RBHGacarü sUr hay GñkGacarü

G‘uc

rs;/

RBHsmuh_

lixitvgS

nigRBHRKÚsirIesaP½N kim tU t CaedÍm

sYg

ENm/

. ´)ansikSatamry³

esovePACaeRcIn EdlelakGñkR)aCJTaMgenH)aneroberog . )anCacat;TukelakTaMgenHfaCa

RKÚRbeyal

eRBaH´

min)aneTAeronpÞal;GMBIsMNak;elakhñwgÉg . ´)anebIkbgðajGs;ehIy mnusSEbbNak¾)an

Gacfa

elakGñkcat;Tukfa´Ca ´CasisSrbs;RKÚNa

b¤fa

- 64 GñkNaCaRKÚrbs;´

k¾eRscEtkaryl;eXIjeTAcuH

b:uEnþ

sRmab;´ GñkNak¾eday CaGñkmankitþiyskþI b¤KµankitþiyskþI [EtFøab;pþl;nUvcMeNHdåg

nigbTBiesaFn_l¥

dl;´

minTan;cb;sBVRKb;eT

eRBaH

suT§EtCaRKÚrbs;´TaMgGs; . karerobrab;mkb:ueNÑH samICÍvítminTan;søab; .

ebIsamICÍvítminTan;søab;

CÍvRbvtþi

eRkayeBlEdl´søab;ehIy

sUm

- 65 -

BuT§Pasit eya c bueBV bmC¢ítVa bcäa esa nb,mC¢ti esa mM elakM bPaesti GBÖa muetþav cnÞima . buKÁlNamYykalBImunRbmaTehIy luHkalCaxageRkay eKminRbmaTvíj buKÁlenaH eQµaHfa júaMgxn§aTielakenH[PøWc,as; dUcRBHc®nÞrHputcakBBk . buKÁlNa Føab;RbmaT RKaknøg Føab;qÁaMqÁg RbRBwtþxus cakFmµa luHeBleRkay mansµartI dågGatµa manR)aCJa sarRtLb; RbRBwtþl¥ . buKÁlenaH Bitl,IeQµaH BIeraHfa jauMgelaka [PøWføa éføbvr dUcRBHc®nÞ eBlraRtI rHecjcr BnøWl¥ putRsLH cakBBk .

edayPikçúvCírb,eBaØa san suCa