Test Bank for Principles Of Environmental Science 8th Us Edition by Cunningham by 6alsm

1.Systemsfunctionincyclesandconsistof_________thatincreaseaprocessorcomponent,and__________ thatdiminishaprocessorcomponent.

A.positivefeedback;negativefeedback

B.opensystem;closedsystem

C.throughput;threshold

D.positivefeedback;opensystem

E.balance;inbalance

Accessibility:KeyboardNavigation

Bloom'sLevel:2.Understand Chapter:02

Section:02.01

Topic:Science

2.A/An_________isallformsofasingleelementthatdiffersinatomicmass.

A.Isotope

B.Atom

C.Molecule

D.Element

Accessibility:KeyboardNavigation Bloom'sLevel:2.Understand Chapter:02

Section:02.02

Topic:Chemistry

3.Asthehydrogenion[H + ]concentrationinasolutiondecreases,thehydroxideion[OH]concentration

A.increasesandthepHincreases. B.increasesandthepHdecreases. C.decreasesandthepHincreases. D.decreasesandthepHdecreases. E.decreasesandthepHstaysthesame.

Accessibility:KeyboardNavigation Bloom'sLevel:2.Understand Chapter:02 Section:02.02

Topic:Chemistry

4.Addinganacidtoasolution_________thepH,whileaddingabase_________thepH.

A.decreaseandneutralize. B.increasesanddecreases. C.neutralizeandincreases. D.decreasesandincrease. E.decreasesandneutralize.

Accessibility:KeyboardNavigation

Bloom'sLevel:2.Understand Chapter:02

Section:02.02

Topic:Chemistry

5._________isanexampleofsomethingthathasabasicpH.

A.TomatoJuice

B.Ammonia

C.Milk

D.Saliva

E.Coffee

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Bloom'sLevel:2.Understand Chapter:02

Section:02.02

Topic:Chemistry

6.Thedamagetoanecosystemcausedbyahurricaneorfloodcanbereferredtoas

A.Anopensystem

B.Anemergentproperty

C.Equilibriuminnature

D.Adisturbance

E.Negativefeedbackloop

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Bloom'sLevel:1.Remember Chapter:02 Section:02.02

Topic:Science

7.Therelationshipamongatoms,elements,andcompoundsismostliketherelationshipamongwhichofthe followinggroupings

A.bricks,brickhouses,andlargebrickbuildings.

B.grainsofsand,rocks,andcontinents.

C.bricks,sidewalks,andpavedroads.

D.ponds,lakes,andoceans.

E.grainsofsugar,sugar,andsweetenedicedtea.

Accessibility:KeyboardNavigation Bloom'sLevel:3.Apply Chapter:02 Section:02.02

Topic:Chemistry

8.Whichofthefollowingisnotamolecule?

A.O3

B.O2

C.C

D.DNA

E.H2O

Accessibility:KeyboardNavigation Bloom'sLevel:2.Understand Chapter:02 Section:02.02

Topic:Chemistry

9.Whichofthefollowingstatementswouldchangethisintoatruestatement:"Most,butnotall,livingorganismsaremade upoforganiccompounds"?

A.Alllivingorganismsaremadeupoforganiccompounds.

B.Alllivingorganismsaremadeupofinorganiccompounds.

C.Most,butnotall,livingorganismsaremadeupofinorganiccompounds.

D.Most,butnotall,livingorganismsaremadeupoforganicelements.

E.Most,butnotall,livingorganismsaremadeupofinorganicelements.

Accessibility:KeyboardNavigation Bloom'sLevel:2.Understand Chapter:02 Section:02.02 Topic:Chemistry

10.Energyistheabilityto

A.moveobjects.

B.becomeheated.

C.transferheatfromoneobjecttoanother.

D.Allofthesearetrue.

E.Bothmoveobjectsandtransferheatfromoneobjecttoanotheraretrue.

Accessibility:KeyboardNavigation Bloom'sLevel:1.Remember Chapter:02 Section:02.03 Topic:Energy

11.Potentialenergyis_______energy.

A.electrical

B.motion

C.stored

D.heat

E.latent

Accessibility:KeyboardNavigation Bloom'sLevel:1.Remember Chapter:02 Section:02.03 Topic:Energy

A.kinetic

B.latent

C.potential

D.electrical

E.mechanical

Accessibility:KeyboardNavigation

Bloom'sLevel:1.Remember Chapter:02

Section:02.03

Topic:Energy

13.Metabolismcanbeseenastheprocessofconverting

A.energyintomatter.

B.potentialenergyintokineticenergy.

C.kineticenergyintopotentialenergy.

D.atomsintocompounds.

E.matterintopotentialenergy.

Accessibility:KeyboardNavigation Bloom'sLevel:3.Apply Chapter:02 Section:02.03 Topic:Energy

14.Thelawofconservationofmattertellsusthatmatter

A.canneverbereused.

B.needstobeconservedoritwillnotbeavailableforfuturegenerations.

C.canbedestroyed.

D.canbeconservedbysomeadaptivestrategies.

E.isusedrepeatedly.

Accessibility:KeyboardNavigation Bloom'sLevel:2.Understand Chapter:02

Section:02.02

Topic:Chemistry

15.Whatimplication(s)doesthelawofconservationofmatterhaveforhumans?

A.Wecannotcreateenergybecauseitisneithercreatednordestroyed.

B.Asmatterisrecycleditlosessomeofitsintegritysoweneedtobecarefulwhenwedisposeofgoods.

C.Naturalresourcesareunlimitedbecausetheyareusedandreusedbylivingorganisms.

D.Disposablegoodsarenotgoing"away"whenwethrowthemout.

E.Alloftheseareimplicationsofthelawofconservationofmatter.

Accessibility:KeyboardNavigation Bloom'sLevel:2.Understand Chapter:02 Section:02.02

Topic:Chemistry

16.Thefirstlawofthermodynamicsandthelawofconservationofmatteraresimilarinthat

A.undernormalcircumstancesneitherenergynormatteriscreatednordestroyed.

B.bothenergyandmatterarerecycledthroughbiologicalsystems.

C.bothenergyandmatterflowinaone-waypaththroughbiologicalsystems.

D.undernormalcircumstancesenergyandmatteraredestroyedastheypassthroughbiologicalsystems.

E.Thefirstlawofthermodynamicsandthelawofconservationofmatterarenotsimilar.

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Bloom'sLevel:1.Remember Chapter:02

Section:02.03

Topic:Energy

17.Whatimplication(s)doesthesecondlawofthermodynamicshaveforbiologicalsystems?

A.Systemscannotcreateenergybecauseenergyisneithercreatednordestroyed.

B.Witheachtransformation,lessavailableenergyisavailabletodoworksooldersystemshavelessenergy.

C.Aconstantsupplyofenergyisnecessaryformaintenanceofbiologicalsystems.

D.Energyisunlimitedbecauseitisusedandreusedbylivingorganisms.

E.Noneoftheseisanimplicationofthesecondlawofthermodynamics.

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Bloom'sLevel:1.Remember Chapter:02

Section:02.03 Topic:Energy

18.Photosynthesisistheprocessofconverting__________into__________energy.

A.chemicalbondenergy;kinetic

B.solarenergy;chemicalbond

C.solarenergy;kinetic

D.solarelectricalenergy;heat

E.chemicalbondenergy;potential

Accessibility:KeyboardNavigation Bloom'sLevel:1.Remember Chapter:02 Section:02.04 Topic:Photosynthesis

19.Photosynthesisproducessugarsfrom

A.water,carbondioxide,andenergy. B.water,othersugars,andoxygen. C.oxygen,carbondioxide,andwater. D.carbondioxide,enzymes,andenergy. E.oxygen,water,andenergy.

Accessibility:KeyboardNavigation Bloom'sLevel:1.Remember Chapter:02

Section:02.04

Topic:Photosynthesis

20.Theprocessofphotosynthesisandcellularrespirationaresimilarinthattheyboth

A.captureenergyintheformofsugar. B.occurinalllivingorganisms.

C.temporarilystoreenergyinchemicalbonds. D.captureenergyfromthesun. E.noneofthesearecorrect.

Accessibility:KeyboardNavigation

Bloom'sLevel:2.Understand Chapter:02

Section:02.04

Topic:Photosynthesis

21.Theprocessofcellularrespiration

A.helpsprimaryproducersstoreenergyaccumulatedbychloroplasts.

B.releasesenergyfromchemicalbondsofmoleculessuchasglucose. C.eliminatestheneedforenzymesinmetabolism. D.doesnotoccurinprimaryproducers. E.doesnotoccurindetritivores.

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Bloom'sLevel:1.Remember Chapter:02

Section:02.04

Topic:CellularRespiration

22.Allmembersofaspeciesthatliveinthesameareaatthesametimemakeupa(an)

A.species. B.ecosystem.

C.community. D.population. E.biome.

Accessibility:KeyboardNavigation Bloom'sLevel:1.Remember Chapter:02

Section:02.05

Topic:Populations

23.Abiologicalcommunityconsistsofall

A.populationslivingandinteractinginanarea. B.membersofaspecieslivinginthesamearea. C.livingthingsonEarth. D.populationsofagivenspecies. E.membersofaspecieslivinginthesamebiome.

Accessibility:KeyboardNavigation Bloom'sLevel:1.Remember Chapter:02

Section:02.05

Topic:Communities

A.aphysicalenvironmentwithinwhichabiologicalcommunitylives.

B.thespecieswithwhichabiologicalcommunityinteracts.

C.abiologicalcommunityanditsphysicalenvironment.

D.theprimaryproducerswithinabiologicalcommunity.

E.allthespeciesinabiologicalcommunity.

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Bloom'sLevel:1.Remember Chapter:02

Section:02.05

Topic:Ecosystems

25.ThelengthandcomplexityofafoodwebintheArcticwouldbe____________whencomparedtooneinthetropical rainforest.

A.shortandlesscomplex

B.shortandmorecomplex

C.longandlesscomplex

D.longandmorecomplex

E.aboutthesame

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Bloom'sLevel:3.Apply Chapter:02 Section:02.05

Topic:TrophicLevels

26.Producersrelyontheprocessof____________toreleasechemicalenergyandconsumersrelyontheprocessof ____________toreleasechemicalenergy.

A.cellularrespiration;photosynthesis

B.cellularrespiration;cellularrespiration

C.photosynthesis;cellularrespiration

D.photosynthesis;photosynthesis

E.thesun;thesun

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Bloom'sLevel:2.Understand Chapter:02

Section:02.05

Topic:TrophicLevels

27.Primaryconsumersarealsoknownas

A.carnivores.

B.scavengers.

C.decomposers.

D.herbivores.

E.topcarnivores

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Bloom'sLevel:1.Remember Chapter:02

Section:02.05

Topic:TrophicLevels

28.Energyentersasystemassunlightandaproducerisabletoproduce10kilogramsoftissue.Ifeaten,the producerwouldproduceabout______kilogramsofconsumertissuethatwouldprovideabout__________ kilogramsoftissueforasecondaryconsumer.

A.100;10

B.10;1

C.100;1

D.1;0.1

E.10;0.1

Accessibility:KeyboardNavigation Bloom'sLevel:3.Apply Chapter:02 Section:02.05

Topic:TrophicLevels

29.Livingplantsandtheoceanareknownas"carbonsinks"because

A.theyaremadeofcarbon.

B.theycreatecarbon.

C.theydestroycarbon.

D.theystorecarbon.

E.duetogravity,carbonisfoundclosertotheground.

Accessibility:KeyboardNavigation Bloom'sLevel:2.Understand Chapter:02 Section:02.06

Topic:BiogeochemicalCycles

30._______________________arecharacteristicsofanentiresystemthataregreaterthanthesumofitsparts.

A.Opensystems

B.Closedsystems

C.Disturbances

D.Emergentproperties

E.Feedbackloops

Accessibility:KeyboardNavigation Bloom'sLevel:1.Remember Chapter:02 Section:02.01 Topic:Ecosystems

31.Whichisthebestexampleofaclosedsystem?

A.aspacestation

B.aforest

C.ahotel

D.alake

E.ariver

Accessibility:KeyboardNavigation Bloom'sLevel:3.Apply Chapter:02 Section:02.01 Topic:Ecosystems

32.Whichisnotacharacteristicofacids?

A.theyreadilygiveuphydrogenions

B.theyhaveapHoflessthan7

C.theyreacteasilywithlivingtissue

D.theyreacteasilywithnonlivingminerals

E.allofthesearecharacteristicofacids

Accessibility:KeyboardNavigation

Bloom'sLevel:1.Remember Chapter:02

Section:02.02

Topic:Chemistry

33.HowdotheorganismslivingaroundYellowstone'shotspringsgetenergy?

A.byeatingalga

B.fromtheheatinthehotspring

C.fromphotosynthesis

D.fromchemosynthesis

E.noorganismscanliveatthedepthsofblacksmokers

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Bloom'sLevel:1.Remember Chapter:02

Section:02.04 Topic:Energy

34.Nitrogenisanessentialcomponentofaminoacidsandproteins.

TRUE

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Bloom'sLevel:1.Remember Chapter:02

Section:02.02 Topic:Chemistry

35.Photosynthesisisastepintheglobalnitrogencycle.

FALSE

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Bloom'sLevel:2.Understand Chapter:02

Section:02.04 Topic:Photosynthesis

36.Waterexpandswhenitcrystallizesandfreezes.

TRUE

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Bloom'sLevel:1.Remember Chapter:02

Section:AWaterPlanet Topic:PropertiesofWater

37.Basedonwhatyouknowofphotosynthesis,whateffectwouldclearcuttingoflargeforestshaveontheamountof carbondioxideintheatmosphere?

A.Itwouldincreasethelevelofcarbondioxidesincelessphotosynthesiswouldbetakingplace.

B.Theamountofcarbondioxidewouldbedecreasedsincethetreeswouldnolongerbeliving.

C.Therewouldbenochangeincarbondioxidelevelssincehumansputcarbondioxideintotheatmosphereby burningfossilfuels.

D.Theamountofcarbondioxidewouldbethesamesincethereactionratesofphotosynthesisandrespirationare equal.

Accessibility:KeyboardNavigation

Bloom'sLevel:5.Evaluate Chapter:02

Section:02.04

Topic:Photosynthesis

38.Ifyouweretoremovethetoppredatorinafoodweborfoodchain

A.therewouldbeanincreaseinthenumberofproducers.

B.theproducerpopulationwillbedepletedbecausetherearemoreprimaryconsumersorherbivores.

C.anotherpredatorwouldmoveinandtakeitsplaceastoppredator.

D.therewouldbenochangeintheexchangeofenergysincepredatorsgetverylittle(only10%)oftheenergyfromtheir foodsource.

Accessibility:KeyboardNavigation Bloom'sLevel:3.Apply Chapter:02 Section:02.05

Topic:TrophicLevels

39.Whichbiogeochemicalcyclelacksanatmosphericcomponent?

A.Thehydrologiccycle.

B.Thecarboncycle.

C.Thenitrogencycle.

D.Thephosphorouscycle.

Accessibility:KeyboardNavigation

Bloom'sLevel:2.Understand Chapter:02

Section:02.06

Topic:BiogeochemicalCycles

40.Watersuppliescontaminatedwithalgaethatproducetoxinsmakingthewaterunfittodrinkisaresultofthe humanimpacttothe

A.hydrologiccycle.

B.carboncycle.

C.nitrogencycle.

D.sulfurcycle.

Accessibility:KeyboardNavigation Bloom'sLevel:3.Apply Chapter:02

Section:02.06

Topic:BiogeochemicalCycles

41.Theamountofbiomassthatisproducedinanareaduringagiventimewouldbereferredtoas

A.production.

B.nutrientload.

C.chemosynthesis.

D.productivity.

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Bloom'sLevel:1.Remember Section:02.05

Topic:TrophicLevels

42.Organismsthatliveindeepseaoceanventsusechemicalsratherthansunlighttodrivetheenergyproducing reactions.Theseorganismsundergowhatprocess?

A.Photosynthesis

B.Biosynthesis

C.Accumulation

D.Chemosynthesis

Accessibility:KeyboardNavigation

Bloom'sLevel:2.Understand Section:02.04

Topic:Photosynthesis

43.Humansalterthesulfurcycleby

A.burningfossilfuels.

B.miningrock.

C.applyingtoomuchfertilizertocropfields. D.clearcuttingtropicalforests.

Accessibility:KeyboardNavigation

Bloom'sLevel:2.Understand Section:02.06

Topic:BiogeochemicalCycles