Test bank for human geography places and regions in global context updated 5th canadian edition paul

Test Bank for Human Geography: Places and Regions in Global Context, Updated 5th Canadian Ed

Test Bank for Human Geography: Places and Regions in Global Context, Updated 5th Canadian Edition, Paul L. Knox, Sallie A. Marston Michael Imort To download the complete and accurate content document, go to: https://testbankbell.com/download/test-bank-for-human-geography-places-and-region s-in-global-context-updated-5th-canadian-edition-paul-l-knox-sallie-a-marston-michael -imort/

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Human Geography: Places and Regions in Global Context, Cdn. 5e (Knox et al.)

Chapter 6 Interpreting Places and Landscapes 6.1 Minimal Choice 1) The study of the social and cultural meanings people give to personal space — like how far we stand from others when speaking to them — is known as A) proxemics.

B) ethology.

Answer: A Diff: 1 Bloom's: 1 Remembering Section Headings: Place-Making 2) Vulgaria is distinguished by landscapes of A) bigness and ostentation.

B) moral decay.

Answer: A Diff: 2 Bloom's: 2 Understanding Section Headings: Landscape as Human Systems 3) The tendency for people to have places to which they have a special attachment or sense of identity is known as A) topophilia.

B) proxemia.

Answer: A Diff: 1 Bloom's: 1 Remembering Section Headings: Place-Making 4) The humanistic approach in geography focuses on A) the perception of individuals.

B) factors that shape the views of society.

Answer: A Diff: 2 Bloom's: 1 Remembering Section Headings: Landscape as Human Systems 5) Slow food is devoted to a ________ pace of life and to the true tastes, aromas, and diversity of good food.

A) fast-hurried B) slow-hurried Answer: B Diff: 2 Bloom's: 2 Understanding Section Headings: Place and Space in Modern Society 1 Copyright © 2016 Pearson Canada Inc.

6) Signs and symbols embedded in the landscape that send messages about identity, beliefs, practices and values, and which we can learn to read and interpret, is an example of A) semiotics.

B) geographic literacy.

Answer: A Diff: 1 Bloom's: 1 Remembering Section Headings: Coded Spaces 7) The Cittaslow movement, related to the slow food movement, is an attempt by local communities to recover A) a sense of place.

B) derelict landscapes.

Answer: A Diff: 2 Bloom's: 1.5 Remembering/Understanding Section Headings: Place and Space in Modern Society 8) The slow city movement has emerged, and is growing, in the world's A) core countries.

B) peripheral countries.

Answer: A Diff: 2 Bloom's: 3 Applying Section Headings: Place and Space in Modern Society 9) ________ is based on the commercial exploitation of the histories of people and places.

A) The heritage industry B) Place consumption Answer: A Diff: 1 Bloom's: 1 Remembering Section Headings: Place and Space in Modern Society 10) Overwhelming ________ is one of the biggest dangers facing successful slow cities.

A) tourism B) urban sprawl Answer: A Diff: 2 Bloom's: 1.5 Remembering/Understanding Section Headings: Place and Space in Modern Society

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11) Varanasi — on the Ganges River — is an exceptionally sacred pilgrimage site to A) Hindus.

B) Muslims.

Answer: A Diff: 1 Bloom's: 1 Remembering Section Headings: Coded Spaces 12) Malls are complex A) derelict landscapes.

B) semiotic sites.

Answer: B Diff: 1 Bloom's: 1.5 Remembering/Understanding Section Headings: Coded Spaces 13) An ethologist would be more likely to study A) dialects.

B) proxemics.

Answer: B Diff: 1 Bloom's: 1.5 Remembering/Understanding Section Headings: Place-Making 14) Geographers using the humanistic approach share a great deal with other social sciences, but especially A) psychology & sociology.

B) political science & economics.

Answer: A Diff: 2 Bloom's: 1.5 Remembering/Understanding Section Headings: Landscape as Human Systems 15) Slow cities are urban settlements found in the A) fast world.

B) slow world.

Answer: A Diff: 2 Bloom's: 2 Understanding Section Headings: Place and Space in Modern Society

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16) India's holiest sites are grouped A) along its sacred rivers.

B) around its holy mountain tops.

Answer: A Diff: 1 Bloom's: 1 Remembering Section Headings: Coded Spaces 17) Advertising has become a key component of contemporary culture and even place-making because of its role in portraying A) the intrinsic utility of a product.

B) the lifestyle associated with a product.

Answer: A Diff: 2 Bloom's: 4 Analyzing Section Headings: Place and Space in Modern Society 18) More than ever before, contemporary place-making relies on A) visual consumption.

B) material consumption.

Answer: A Diff: 2 Bloom's: 1 Remembering Section Headings: Place and Space in Modern Society 19) Graffiti is usually an expression of A) territoriality.

B) topophilia.

Answer: A Diff: 2 Bloom's: 1.5 Remembering/Understanding Section Headings: Place-Making 20) Our textbook calls the shopping mall a "pseudoplace," a complex, ________ site.

A) semiotic B) sacred Answer: A Diff: 2 Bloom's: 1.5 Remembering/Understanding Section Headings: Coded Spaces

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21) Which is more likely to separate those on Facebook from those not on Facebook?

A) digital divide B) political divide Answer: A Diff: 2 Bloom's: 4 Analyzing Section Headings: Place and Space in Modern Society 6.2 Multiple Choice 1) In their studies of the formation and evolution of human customs and beliefs, ethologists study people's sense of A) ethics.

B) ethnicity.

C) territoriality.

D) space.

E) landscape.

Answer: C Diff: 1 Bloom's: 3 Applying Section Headings: Place-Making 2) Contemporary landscapes contain increasing numbers of inauthentic settings—what geographer David Harvey has called the _________ of global capitalism.

A) fake places B) bottom dwellers C) degenerative utopias D) urban wastelands E) seedy underbelly Answer: C Diff: 2 Bloom's: 2 Understanding Section Headings: Place and Space in Modern Society 3) The Muslim, Jewish, Christian, and Armenian quarters make up the city of A) Tehran.

B) Jerusalem.

C) France.

D) Abu Dhabi.

E) Beirut.

Answer: A Diff: 3 Bloom's: 3 Applying Section Headings: Coded Spaces

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4) To an ethologist, graffiti in a high-density urban area is likely to be explained as a(n) A) response to overcrowding.

B) act of vandalism.

C) expression of identity.

D) claim to territory.

E) call to organize labour.

Answer: D Diff: 2 Bloom's: 3 Applying Section Headings: Place-Making 5) The concept of territoriality helps to classify people and resources in terms of location in A) space.

B) society.

C) the economy.

D) history.

E) the political system.

Answer: A Diff: 2 Bloom's: 2 Understanding Section Headings: Place-Making 6) Territoriality helps us understand how rules, laws, and the exercise of power have become associated with A) spaces and places.

B) individuals and groups.

C) cultures and ethnicities.

D) political and economic systems.

E) tourist destinations.

Answer: A Diff: 2 Bloom's: 2 Understanding Section Headings: Place-Making 7) Social affairs involving property rights, political jurisdictions, market areas, ethnic claims to specific areas and efforts to protect traditional land uses all involve issues of A) proxemics.

B) territoriality.

C) sacred spaces.

D) cosmopolitanism.

E) race.

Answer: B Diff: 2 Bloom's: 1 Remembering Section Headings: Place-Making

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8) The images that come to mind when we think of a place, any place, like Montreal, Quebec or Damascus, Syria are known as our A) cognitive images.

B) stereotypical images.

C) territorial markers.

D) semiotic markers.

E) topophobic images.

Answer: A Diff: 1 Bloom's: 3 Applying Section Headings: Place-Making 9) Distortions in our cognitive images are the result of A) partial or incomplete information.

B) biased information.

C) our likes and dislikes.

D) the strength of our memories.

E) all of the above Answer: E Diff: 1 Bloom's: 2 Understanding Section Headings: Place-Making 10) Paths, edges, districts, nodes and landmarks are used to organize A) our cognitive images.

B) our landscapes.

C) our individual topophilias.

D) sacred space.

E) semiotic landscapes.

Answer: A Diff: 1 Bloom's: 2 Understanding Section Headings: Place-Making 11) In somebody's cognitive image of Canada, it is most likely that Niagara Falls is a(n) A) node.

B) path.

C) edge.

D) landmark.

E) district.

Answer: D Diff: 3 Bloom's: 3 Applying Section Headings: Place-Making

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12) Generally, the more experience and first-hand information we have of a place, the more our cognitive images A) reflect reality.

B) are simplified.

C) converge on topophilia.

D) are like derelict landscapes.

E) become territorial.

Answer: A Diff: 2 Bloom's: 2 Understanding Section Headings: Place-Making 13) The parking lot down the street would best be characterized as a A) landscape of despair.

B) derelict landscape.

C) sacred site.

D) symbolic landscape.

E) vernacular landscape.

Answer: E Diff: 2 Bloom's: 3 Applying Section Headings: Landscape as Human Systems 14) A study of the social and cultural meanings that people give to personal space — for example, how near or distant you like to sit near others in class — is known as A) semiotics.

B) proxemics.

C) territoriality.

D) sacred space.

E) sense of place.

Answer: B Diff: 1 Bloom's: 3 Applying Section Headings: Place-Making 15) The longing and ongoing attachments that a migrant may have to his or her homeland is an example of A) topophilia.

B) usufruct.

C) semiotics.

D) sacred space.

E) ethology.

Answer: A Diff: 1 Bloom's: 3 Applying Section Headings: Place-Making 8 Copyright © 2016 Pearson Canada Inc.

16) When we talk about landscapes as texts, we are referring to A) books on landscapes.

B) the categorization of landscapes based on their features.

C) landscapes as things of meaning, that can be written and read, like books.

D) the physical geography underlying cultural landscapes.

E) an encyclopedia of geographic terms.

Answer: C Diff: 2 Bloom's: 2 Understanding Section Headings: Coded Spaces 17) Recognizing that landscapes both produce and communicate meaning allows us to A) interpret local & national values, priorities, histories, cultural practices.

B) build a cultural landscape out of a natural landscape.

C) form cognitive images of places to which we have never been.

D) build cultural complexes.

E) dance the hokey pokey.

Answer: A Diff: 3 Bloom's: 2 Understanding Section Headings: Coded Spaces 18) The humanistic approach in geography emphasizes ________ values, meanings, intentions and behaviours.

A) an individual's B) humankind's C) a specific culture's D) cultural E) social Answer: A Diff: 1 Bloom's: 1.5 Remembering/Understanding Section Headings: Landscape as Human Systems 19) Reading, writing and recognizing signs and symbols (such as those that are written into landscapes) is known as A) semiotics.

B) proxemics.

C) eurhythmics.

D) semantics.

E) prosthetics.

Answer: A Diff: 1 Bloom's: 1 Remembering Section Headings: Coded Spaces

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20) Sacred spaces are sacred because A) of a miracle that occurred there.

B) God makes it so.

C) people make them so.

D) houses of worship (e.g., temples, mosques, churches, monasteries) are located there.

E) governments make them so.

Answer: C Diff: 2 Bloom's: 2 Understanding Section Headings: Coded Spaces 21) The hajj is among the world's very largest A) annual pilgrimages.

B) sacred spaces.

C) sacred sites.

D) mosques.

E) religious conflicts.

Answer: A Diff: 1 Bloom's: 1 Remembering Section Headings: Coded Spaces 22) To participate in the hajj is to be a Muslim and participate in commemorative & symbolic acts in A) Mecca.

B) Jerusalem.

C) Rome.

D) the Taj Mahal.

E) Constantinople.

Answer: A Diff: 1 Bloom's: 1.5 Remembering/Understanding Section Headings: Coded Spaces 23) A university or college is very concerned with how prospective students react when they are on campus for a visit. Thus, even if they do not fully recognize it, the school is very aware of the importance of A) derelict landscapes.

B) cosmopolitanism.

C) proxemics.

D) territoriality.

E) semiotics.

Answer: E Diff: 2 Bloom's: 3 Applying Section Headings: Coded Spaces 10 Copyright © 2016 Pearson Canada Inc.

24) Mecca, Jerusalem, the Ganges and Lourdes are among the world's most important A) religious hearths of monotheism.

B) pilgrimage sites.

C) districts, nodes and landmarks.

D) landscapes of despair.

E) landscapes-as-text.

Answer: B Diff: 1 Bloom's: 1 Remembering Section Headings: Coded Spaces 25) Landscapes and place-making in which economic and scientific reason and progress are emphasized, are characteristics of A) modernity.

B) postmodernity.

C) enlightenment.

D) fast cities.

E) cosmopolitanism.

Answer: A Diff: 2 Bloom's: 1.5 Remembering/Understanding Section Headings: Place and Space in Modern Society 26) As a view of the world that embraces and combines a range of perspectives, postmodernity focuses on A) environmentally and socially sustainable modernity.

B) a return to traditional approaches and religion.

C) material consumption and living for the moment.

D) dwelling on the past.

E) searching for grand universal truths.

Answer: C Diff: 2 Bloom's: 4 Analyzing Section Headings: Place and Space in Modern Society 27) Just as we can consume food and other material goods, contemporary culture encourages us to consume places, meaning, to A) purchase images, symbols and experiences of places.

B) deplete resource through destroying landscapes.

C) destroy unique places to build franchises.

D) travel to other places to learn about their geographies and histories.

E) eat out at restaurants.

Answer: A Diff: 2 Bloom's: 4 Analyzing Section Headings: Place and Space in Modern Society 11 Copyright © 2016 Pearson Canada Inc.

28) The "slow food" movement emerged in response to A) the speed of globalization.

B) mass production and cultural homogenization.

C) the diffusion of U.S.-based fast food franchises around the world.

D) the emergence of genetically engineered foods.

E) all of the above Answer: E Diff: 2 Bloom's: 1 Remembering Section Headings: Place and Space in Modern Society 29) According to geographers, the heritage industry is based on the commodification and commercial exploitation of A) history.

B) ideas.

C) ethnicities.

D) styles.

E) technologies.

Answer: A Diff: 1 Bloom's: 2 Understanding Section Headings: Place and Space in Modern Society 30) An important consequence of the heritage industry in urban areas is A) the loss of authentic histories and landscapes.

B) the spread of interest in geography and history.

C) a shift in place marketing from an emphasis on consumption to one on preservation.

D) the dissemination of people and their cultures, like the migration of Germans to Ontario or the British to Tokyo.

E) the inclusive sharing of histories of people and places worldwide.

Answer: A Diff: 2 Bloom's: 2 Understanding Section Headings: Place and Space in Modern Society 31) An SUV in a high-end suburban megachurch parking lot surrounded by box stores is a classic landscape most likely seen in A) Botoxia.

B) Inauthentica.

C) Privatopia.

D) Semiotica.

E) Vulgarian.

Answer: E Diff: 2 Bloom's: 3 Applying Section Headings: Landscape as Human Systems 12 Copyright © 2016 Pearson Canada Inc.

32) The study of embedding signs and symbols in the landscape that send messages about identity, beliefs, practices and values — and which we can learn to read and interpret, — is an example of A) semiotics.

B) geographic literacy.

C) topo-linguistics.

D) environmental perception.

E) semantics.

Answer: A Diff: 1 Bloom's: 3 Applying Section Headings: Coded Spaces 33) The cultural hearth of the slow cities movement is A) Italy.

B) Canada.

C) Texas.

D) Southern California.

E) Brazil.

Answer: A Diff: 3 Bloom's: 3 Applying Section Headings: Place and Space in Modern Society 34) Among the core principals of the slow cities movement is the concept of A) community life.

B) visualizing geography.

C) Disneyfication.

D) place commodification.

E) pseudoplace.

Answer: A Diff: 2 Bloom's: 2 Understanding Section Headings: Place and Space in Modern Society 35) One negative outgrowth of the heritage industry is the tendency toward "Disneyfication," whereby A) authentic histories and cultures are trivialized, sanitized, and glossed over.

B) images and symbols from movies, advertising, and popular culture become part of what we believe to be part of the authentic history and landscape of a place.

C) local identity is manufactured to aid marketing and attract tourists.

D) histories of peoples and their places are commercially exploited for widespread consumption.

E) all of the above Answer: E Diff: 2 Bloom's: 2 Understanding Section Headings: Place and Space in Modern Society 13 Copyright © 2016 Pearson Canada Inc.

36) In their study of environmental perception, geographers have the most in common with A) historians.

B) psychologists.

C) biologists.

D) geologists.

E) ecologists.

Answer: B Diff: 2 Bloom's: 2 Understanding Section Headings: Behaviour, Knowledge & Human Environments 37) A person's ________ significantly affects their environmental knowledge and relationship with the environment.

A) gender B) stage in the life cycle C) religious beliefs D) exposure to globalization E) all of the above Answer: E Diff: 1 Bloom's: 2 Understanding Section Headings: Behaviour, Knowledge & Human Environments 38) Globalization, in the form of the new production of irrigated cash crops, brought this change to the rural Sudanese village studied by geographer Cindi Katz.

A) Children were required to attend school.

B) Subsistence crops were no longer grown.

C) The traditional roles and activities of boys and girls changed.

D) Children were insulated from globalization.

E) Children's experience of their environment was broadened.

Answer: C Diff: 3 Bloom's: 1.5 Remembering/Understanding Section Headings: Behaviour, Knowledge & Human Environments 39) The trailer park and the suburb are examples of A) derelict landscapes.

B) ordinary landscapes.

C) symbolic landscapes.

D) gender-based landscapes.

E) sacred spaces.

Answer: B Diff: 1 Bloom's: 3 Applying Section Headings: Landscape as Human Systems 14 Copyright © 2016 Pearson Canada Inc.

40) The landscape-as-text concept A) holds that some people actively shape the landscape.

B) was developed by Carl Sauer and Michael Imort.

C) is dependent upon geographical publishers.

D) argues that landscapes can produce meaning, but cannot communicate meaning.

E) requires understanding the grammar of geography (place identification).

Answer: A Diff: 2 Bloom's: 3 Applying Section Headings: Coded Spaces 41) Territoriality A) regulates access to people.

B) regulates access to resources.

C) regulates social interaction.

D) provides a focus of group membership and identity.

E) all of the above Answer: E Diff: 2 Bloom's: 2 Understanding Section Headings: Place-Making 42) In terms of cognitive images, a street is most likely to be A) a district.

B) a path or an edge.

C) a node beside a landmark.

D) a landmark.

E) a landmark or a district.

Answer: B Diff: 2 Bloom's: 3 Applying Section Headings: Place-Making 43) In the process of forming cognitive images, ________ is (are) primarily involved in both perception and cognition.

A) senses B) culture C) brain and personality D) society and institutions E) transformed cognitive image Answer: C Diff: 2 Bloom's: 2 Understanding Section Headings: Place-Making

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44) Which of the following is usually the most important consideration for the heritage industry when it decides how to restore and develop a given landscape?

A) commercial considerations B) principles of preservation C) historical accuracy D) UNESCO guidelines E) the landscape needs to be at least 500 years old Answer: A Diff: 2 Bloom's: 4 Analyzing Section Headings: Place and Space in Modern Society 45) The practice of writing and reading signs is called A) esthetics.

B) semiotics.

C) image interpretation.

D) heuristics.

E) symbology.

Answer: B Diff: 1 Bloom's: 1 Remembering Section Headings: Coded Spaces 46) This signal is consistently transmitted by shopping malls to all, regardless of gender, age, class, or race.

A) appreciate architecture B) consume, consume C) observe social standards of behaviour D) buy low, sell high E) save your money Answer: B Diff: 2 Bloom's: 1.5 Remembering/Understanding Section Headings: Coded Spaces 47) If one were in Mecca during the hajj, one is least likely to encounter a pilgrim from A) China.

B) Pakistan.

C) Indonesia.

D) Egypt.

E) Turkey.

Answer: A Diff: 1 Bloom's: 1.5 Remembering/Understanding Section Headings: Coded Spaces

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48) Many of the sites that are sacred for India's Hindus are located A) near rivers.

B) in the southern part of the country.

C) on the border with Bangladesh.

D) near the centers of major cities.

E) in the highlands of Tibet.

Answer: A Diff: 2 Bloom's: 1 Remembering Section Headings: Coded Spaces 49) The hajj is the once-in-a-lifetime pilgrimage for practitioners of A) Hinduism.

B) Judaism.

C) Islam.

D) Jainism.

E) Buddhism.

Answer: C Diff: 1 Bloom's: 1 Remembering Section Headings: Coded Spaces 50) Islam requires Muslims to make a once-in- a-lifetime pilgrimage to A) Amman, Jordan.

B) Mecca, Saudi Arabia.

C) Marrakesh, Morocco.

D) Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

E) Damascus, Syria.

Answer: B Diff: 1 Bloom's: 1 Remembering Section Headings: Coded Spaces 51) For which of the following groups do the Holy Lands of Palestine/Israel not have significance?

A) Hindu nationalists B) Greek Orthodox C) Roman Catholics D) Christian Zionists E) Sunni Muslims Answer: A Diff: 2 Bloom's: 1 Remembering Section Headings: Coded Spaces

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52) Most observers of cultural change think that we now live in the age of A) modernity.

B) postmodernity.

C) classicism.

D) avant-gardism.

E) Aquarius.

Answer: B Diff: 1 Bloom's: 1 Remembering Section Headings: Place and Space in Modern Society 53) As presented in the text, cosmopolitanism is best characterized as A) material humanism.

B) the successor to postmodernism.

C) a divisive political ideology.

D) consumption from the global marketplace.

E) a syncretic belief system.

Answer: D Diff: 2 Bloom's: 4 Analyzing Section Headings: Future Geographies 54) The telegraph, the telephone, the X-ray, the motion picture, the radio, the bicycle, the internal combustion engine, the airplane, the skyscraper, relativity theory, and psychoanalysis are characteristic of A) humanism.

B) cosmopolitanism.

C) postmodernism.

D) modernism.

E) proxemics.

Answer: D Diff: 2 Bloom's: 1.5 Remembering/Understanding Section Headings: Place and Space in Modern Society 55) The majority of Internet communication is conducted in this language: A) English B) Chinese C) Spanish D) Japanese E) French Answer: A Diff: 1 Bloom's: 1.5 Remembering/Understanding Section Headings: Place and Space in Modern Society

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56) The Internet A) has users distributed fairly evenly around the globe.

B) increases the ability of states to control their citizens.

C) uses Esperanto as the main language of communication.

D) is difficult to censor & regulate.

E) is free for everyone to use.

Answer: D Diff: 2 Bloom's: 2 Understanding Section Headings: Place and Space in Modern Society 57) David Harvey calls inauthentic "historic" settings based on a mix of stereotypes and questionable historical realities — such as fake cowboy towns and recreations of old Venice — A) degenerative utopias.

B) sacred spaces.

C) derelict landscapes.

D) shamography.

E) fauxistential landscapes.

Answer: A Diff: 3 Bloom's: 3 Applying Section Headings: Place and Space in Modern Society 58) A company involved in which of the following is not generally considered to be among the "culture" industries?

A) a manufacturing company B) an advertising company C) a publishing company D) an entertainment company E) a communications media company Answer: A Diff: 2 Bloom's: 2 Understanding Section Headings: Place and Space in Modern Society 59) Muslims believe that Muhammad had a mystical experience in which he visited ________ and, from there, heaven. As a consequence, this city has been a holy city of Islam since A.D. 638, just a few years after Muhammad's death.

A) Jerusalem B) Istanbul C) Cairo D) Baghdad E) Damascus Answer: A Diff: 2 Bloom's: 1 Remembering Section Headings: Coded Spaces 19 Copyright © 2016 Pearson Canada Inc.

60) At the center of the Crusades between the 11th and 13th centuries was the attempt of European Christians to take control of Jerusalem from the A) Muslims.

B) Romans.

C) Ottomans.

D) Byzantine Christians.

E) Jews.

Answer: A Diff: 2 Bloom's: 1 Remembering Section Headings: Coded Spaces 61) The most visited sacred site in Europe is in A) France.

B) Spain.

C) Russia.

D) Finland.

E) Ireland Answer: A Diff: 1 Bloom's: 1 Remembering Section Headings: Coded Spaces 62) Gated communities are an example of A) landscapes of fear.

B) landscapes of power.

C) derelict landscapes.

D) symbolic landscapes.

E) landscapes of escape.

Answer: B Diff: 2 Bloom's: 2 Understanding Section Headings: Human Action and Recent Environmental Change 63) The Parliament Buildings in Ottawa represent an example of A) modern urban planning.

B) use of symbolic space.

C) nation-building.

D) architectural mimetism.

E) transfer of tradition.

Answer: B Diff: 1 Bloom's: 1.5 Remembering/Understanding Section Headings: Landscape as Human Systems

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64) The humanistic approach places this at the centre of analysis.

A) community B) God C) the State D) the individual E) the family Answer: D Diff: 2 Bloom's: 2 Understanding Section Headings: Landscape as Human Systems 65) Ethology A) is unrelated to the study of proxemics.

B) argues that humans have genetic traits borne from human territoriality.

C) holds that crowding people makes them less aggressive and more likely to conform to societal standards.

D) holds that human customs and beliefs are very similar in all societies.

E) is the science of reading and interpreting signs.

Answer: B Diff: 2 Bloom's: 2 Understanding Section Headings: Place-Making 66) In the process of formation of cognitive images, this is primarily involved in both perception and cognition.

A) senses B) culture C) brain and personality D) society and institutions E) transformed cognitive image Answer: C Diff: 2 Bloom's: 2 Understanding Section Headings: Place and Space in Modern Society 67) Niagara Falls' recent renaissance in tourism is owed to the opening of A) the Niagara Falls Cultural and Arts Centre.

B) the Niagara Falls Historical Museum.

C) the Peace Bridge.

D) Casino Niagara.

E) the Maid of the Mist hotel and shopping complex.

Answer: D Diff: 2 Bloom's: 2 Understanding Section Headings: Place and Space in Modern Society

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68) Arguably, shopping malls perform the trick of mystifying the true connection between the ideals and reality of consumption by A) aggressive marketing campaigns.

B) including extensive food courts.

C) including movie complexes.

D) creating a "sense of place."

E) targeting suburban locations.

Answer: D Diff: 1 Bloom's: 1.5 Remembering/Understanding Section Headings: Place-Making 69) Modernism surmised that places were heavily shaped by A) notions of rational behaviour and progress.

B) spontaneity and invention.

C) the trends of the time.

D) planned design.

E) public administrations.

Answer: A Diff: 2 Bloom's: 2 Understanding Section Headings: Place and Space in Modern Society 70) Postmodernism abandoned modernism's emphasis on A) environmental determinism.

B) urban planning.

C) cultural diversity.

D) scientific progress.

E) visual art.

Answer: D Diff: 2 Bloom's: 2 Understanding Section Headings: Place and Space in Modern Society 71) The following expression has been associated with postmodern society.

A) society of the spectacle B) less is more C) the Great Society D) social justice in the city E) the New Frontier Answer: A Diff: 2 Bloom's: 2 Understanding Section Headings: Place and Space in Modern Society

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72) Advertising and social media strategies present products as A) more efficient.

B) representative of a desirable lifestyle.

C) economical and practical.

D) newer and better.

E) better and cheap.

Answer: B Diff: 2 Bloom's: 2 Understanding Section Headings: Coded Spaces 73) In a postmodern society, contemporary cultures rely more than before on A) material consumption.

B) experiential consumption.

C) spiritual consumption.

D) conspicuous consumption.

E) cultural consumption.

Answer: B Diff: 2 Bloom's: 2 Understanding Section Headings: Place and Space in Modern Society 74) The stylistic emphasis of postmodernism includes A) visions of a harmonious society.

B) recycled materials.

C) broad open spaces.

D) linear rationality.

E) eclecticism, decoration, and parody.

Answer: E Diff: 2 Bloom's: 2 Understanding Section Headings: Place and Space in Modern Society 75) Which is an important geographic phenomenon which fosters curiosity about places, peoples, and cultures?

A) cosmopolitanism B) universalism C) environmentalism D) positivism E) exploration Answer: A Diff: 2 Bloom's: 1.5 Remembering/Understanding Section Headings: Future Geographies

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76) This Asian country has limited access to the Internet to be able to severe its national network in the event of political unrest.

A) China B) Singapore C) Indonesia D) Vietnam E) North Korea Answer: A Diff: 2 Bloom's: 1.5 Remembering/Understanding Section Headings: Place and Space in Modern Society 6.3 True or False 1) Promoting place identity is an important way of eliminating conflicts between places and stereotypes of other people.

Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Bloom's: 2 Understanding Section Headings: Place-Making 2) The connection between China and the global Internet is tightly controlled and can be severed at a moment's notice to prevent the spreading of unwelcome information.

Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Bloom's: 2 Understanding Section Headings: Place and Space in Modern Society 3) The meanings that people give to places are based only on our personalities and what we experience through our senses.

Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Bloom's: 2 Understanding Section Headings: Place-Making 4) The origins of modernity can be traced to the European Renaissance and the emergence of the world-system of competitive capitalism in the eleventh century.

Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Bloom's: 2 Understanding Section Headings: Place and Space in Modern Society

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5) The environment in which we are raised influences the cognitive images we have of other places.

Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Bloom's: 2 Understanding Section Headings: Place-Making 6) Among the great things about cognitive images is that they highlight the complexities and details of real-world environments.

Answer: FALSE Diff: 3 Bloom's: 2 Understanding Section Headings: Place-Making 7) You can have a cognitive image of a place to which you have never been.

Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Bloom's: 2 Understanding Section Headings: Place-Making 8) Our values and belief systems contribute to our distorted cognitive images.

Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Bloom's: 2 Understanding Section Headings: Place-Making 9) In one's cognitive image of Paris, the Eiffel Tower can be both a node and a landmark.

Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Bloom's: 3 Applying Section Headings: Place-Making 10) Our cognitive images affect our behaviour, and influence such things as how much we like a particular place, where we travel, and the foreign policies we encourage.

Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Bloom's: 3 Applying Section Headings: Place-Making 11) Topophilia occurs only at the local or neighbourhood scale.

Answer: FALSE Diff: 3 Bloom's: 2 Understanding Section Headings: Place-Making

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12) Buildings like the former World Trade Center in New York can simultaneously be part of a landscape of power and a symbolic landscape.

Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Bloom's: 3 Applying Section Headings: Landscape as Human Systems 13) The humanistic approach in geography recognizes that people tend to think and act similarly.

Answer: FALSE Diff: 3 Bloom's: 2 Understanding Section Headings: Landscape as Human Systems 14) Just as people read and interpret books differently, they can read and interpret landscapes differently.

Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Bloom's: 2 Understanding Section Headings: Coded Spaces 15) Semiotics refers to the signs and meanings that are intentionally embedded into landscapes.

Answer: FALSE Diff: 3 Bloom's: 2 Understanding Section Headings: Coded Spaces 16) Within one place, different spaces can send different messages to different people.

Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Bloom's: 2 Understanding Section Headings: Coded Spaces 17) Sacred spaces are not limited to houses of worship.

Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Bloom's: 2 Understanding Section Headings: Coded Spaces 18) Postmodernity is most evident on the landscape in core places.

Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Bloom's: 2 Understanding Section Headings: Place and Space in Modern Society

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19) Slow Cities refer to those underdeveloped cities of the world's periphery.

Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Bloom's: 1 Remembering Section Headings: Place and Space in Modern Society 20) As with material goods, places can be consumed.

Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Bloom's: 2 Understanding Section Headings: Place and Space in Modern Society 21) In general, people's perceptions of the environment capture the actual characteristics of the environment.

Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Bloom's: 2 Understanding Section Headings: Place-Making 22) Distortions in cognitive images can result from both individual biases or incomplete information.

Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Bloom's: 2 Understanding Section Headings: Place-Making 23) Behaviour influences the formation of cognitive images, and cognitive images influence behaviour.

Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Bloom's: 2 Understanding Section Headings: Place-Making 24) People with broader and more expansive images of place are less likely to travel far than those with narrower and more localized images of place.

Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Bloom's: 4 Analyzing Section Headings: Place-Making 25) Cognitive imagery influences our preferences for places, but has little affect on our attitudes toward risk and uncertainty.

Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Bloom's: 2 Understanding Section Headings: Place-Making 27 Copyright © 2016 Pearson Canada Inc.

26) Global metropolitanism is valued by anthropologists for its role in the preservation of cultural diversity.

Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Bloom's: 1.5 Remembering/Understanding Section Headings: Future Geographies 27) The heritage industry is regulated by the United Nations to ensure architectural, historical and geographical accuracy.

Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Bloom's: 1.5 Remembering/Understanding Section Headings: Place and Space in Modern Society 28) Semiotics brings together a sign "reader" and a sign "writer."

Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Bloom's: 2 Understanding Section Headings: Coded Spaces 29) Shopping malls are geared to lower-middle-class consumers.

Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Bloom's: 3 Applying Section Headings: Coded Spaces 30) Sacred spaces require the presence of a human-built temple or shrine.

Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Bloom's: 3 Applying Section Headings: Coded Spaces 31) The Tigris, Euphrates and Nile are Hinduism's holy rivers.

Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Bloom's: 3 Applying Section Headings: Coded Spaces 32) The most visited Christian sacred site in Europe is Temppeliaukion kirkko — "the Rock Church" — in Helsinki, Finland.

Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Bloom's: 3 Applying Section Headings: Coded Spaces

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33) Postmodernity focuses on developing the inner-self rather than on consumption and materialism.

Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Bloom's: 2 Understanding Section Headings: Place and Space in Modern Society 34) Cyberspace is a new kind of space created by the Internet.

Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Bloom's: 1 Remembering Section Headings: Place and Space in Modern Society 35) A geographer would not typically classify a metropolitan suburb as being part of an ordinary landscape.

Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Bloom's: 3 Applying Section Headings: Landscape as Human Systems 36) "Outsiders" and "insiders" will often have a different sense of place for the same place.

Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Bloom's: 2 Understanding Section Headings: Place-Making 37) Modernity rejects the use of rationality.

Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Bloom's: 1.5 Remembering/Understanding Section Headings: Place and Space in Modern Society 38) Cosmopolitanism stresses the importance of the cultural values of large core cities such as New York and Paris.

Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Bloom's: 3 Applying Section Headings: Future Geographies 39) Cyberspace is predominantly controlled by people in core countries.

Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Bloom's: 1.5 Remembering/Understanding Section Headings: Place and Space in Modern Society

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40) Las Vegas depends on the heritage industry to attract tourists.

Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Bloom's: 1.5 Remembering/Understanding Section Headings: Place and Space in Modern Society 41) The United Nations Center for Human Development supports the "Disneyfication" process as a way of promoting historical awareness.

Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Bloom's: 2 Understanding Section Headings: Place and Space in Modern Society 42) London's Big Ben and Houses of Parliament, Paris's Eiffel Tower, and Rome's Colosseum are symbolic structures that represent entire cities.

Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Bloom's: 3 Applying Section Headings: Landscape as Human Systems 43) Parliament Hill in Ottawa is an example of a vernacular landscape.

Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Bloom's: 1.5 Remembering/Understanding Section Headings: Landscape as Human Systems 44) Canadian suburbs are conservative utopias of seemingly casual displays of wealth, characterized by master-planned developments, simulated settings, and conspicuous consumption.

Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Bloom's: 2 Understanding Section Headings: Landscape as Human Systems 45) The humanistic approach takes a subjective stance in the study of the landscape.

Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Bloom's: 2 Understanding Section Headings: Landscape as Human Systems 46) It is widely accepted that the idea of territoriality is the product of culturally established meanings.

Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Bloom's: 2 Understanding Section Headings: Place and Space in Modern Society 30 Copyright © 2016 Pearson Canada Inc.

47) Cognitive images both simplify and distort real-world environments.

Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Bloom's: 2 Understanding Section Headings: Place-Making 48) The ubiquitous use of cell phones is destabilizing our ordered bubbles because a larger personal space is required to keep phone conversations private.

Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Bloom's: 1.5 Remembering/Understanding Section Headings: Place-Making 49) The emotional connection between the place where one grew up and her sense of self would be an example of topophilia.

Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Bloom's: 2 Understanding Section Headings: Place and Space in Modern Society 50) Topophilia is concerned with understanding the formation of bubbles, or areas of personal place.

Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Bloom's: 1.5 Remembering/Understanding Section Headings: Place-Making 51) Shopping malls are places that display a rich semiotic system.

Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Bloom's: 1.5 Remembering/Understanding Section Headings: Coded Spaces 52) Shopping malls are intended to unmask the true connection between the ideals and reality of consumption.

Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Bloom's: 2 Understanding Section Headings: Coded Spaces 53) Tunnels in Toronto's and Montreal's underground shopping networks are private property.

Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Bloom's: 2 Understanding Section Headings: Coded Spaces

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54) Montreal's underground city is more extensive than Toronto's.

Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Bloom's: 1.5 Remembering/Understanding Section Headings: Coded Spaces 55) Cosmopolitanism seeks to blend regional particularisms into one unified globalized culture.

Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Bloom's: 1.5 Remembering/Understanding Section Headings: Future Geographies 56) There is strict control of certain segments of the Internet in some parts of East and Southeast Asia.

Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Bloom's: 1.5 Remembering/Understanding Section Headings: Place and Space in Modern Society

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6.4 Matching PLACES & SPACES: Match the example to the term it best represents.

A) topophilia B) proxemics C) ethology D) semiotics 1) your annoyance when somebody sits in the seat you have been using all semester, even though there are no "assigned" seats.

Diff: 2 Bloom's: 3 Applying Section Headings: Place-Making 2) the discomfort you feel when somebody invades your personal space by standing very close to you when speaking Diff: 2 Bloom's: 3 Applying Section Headings: Place-Making 3) graffiti as a territorial marker and physical expression of one's identity Diff: 2 Bloom's: 3 Applying Section Headings: Place-Making 4) choosing to dress in a way that tells others that you're a fan of the Toronto Maple Leafs Diff: 2 Bloom's: 3 Applying Section Headings: Coded Spaces 5) the sense of longing or belonging that many people feel about places special to them, such as their home towns.

Diff: 2 Bloom's: 3 Applying Section Headings: Place-Making 6) the embedding of symbols in the landscape of St. Jacobs, Ontario letting visitors know that they have come to "Mennonite Country" Diff: 2 Bloom's: 3 Applying Section Headings: Coded Spaces Answers: 1) B 2) B 3) C 4) D 5) A 6) D

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LANDSCAPES: Match the term or phrase to the landscape.

A) palace of consumption B) derelict landscape C) Symbolic Landscape D) vernacular landscape E) landscape of power 7) the West Edmonton Mall Diff: 2 Bloom's: 3 Applying Section Headings: Place and Space in Modern Society 8) urban slums Diff: 2 Bloom's: 3 Applying Section Headings: Landscape as Human Systems 9) main street of a small, Ontario town Diff: 2 Bloom's: 3 Applying Section Headings: Landscape as Human Systems 10) shrines or memorials left at the sites of accidents Diff: 2 Bloom's: 3 Applying Section Headings: Landscape as Human Systems 11) clusters of corporate tower blocks Diff: 2 Bloom's: 3 Applying Section Headings: Landscape as Human Systems 12) neighbourhoods with high number of foreclosures and abandoned houses Diff: 2 Bloom's: 3 Applying Section Headings: Landscape as Human Systems Answers: 7) A 8) B 9) D 10) C 11) E 12) B

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SACRED PLACES: Match the place with the belief or believers that hold the place sacred.

A) Lakota Sioux B) Islam C) Buddhism D) Jews, Orthodox, Catholics, Protestants, Christian Zionists E) Hinduism F) Christianity 13) Mecca Diff: 1 Bloom's: 3 Applying Section Headings: Coded Spaces 14) Black Hills of South Dakota, USA Diff: 1 Bloom's: Section Headings: 3 Applying Coded Spaces 15) The Ganges, India's holiest river Diff: 1 Bloom's: 3 Applying Section Headings: Coded Spaces 16) Jerusalem and the Holy Land Diff: 2 Bloom's: 2 Understanding Section Headings: Coded Spaces 17) Sanctuary of Our Lady of Lourdes Diff: 1 Bloom's: 3 Applying Section Headings: Coded Spaces 18) Temples, pagodas and stupas Diff: 1 Bloom's: 3 Applying Section Headings: Coded Spaces Answers: 13) B 14) A 15) E 16) D 17) F 18) C

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6.5 Map Identification

World Map

1) Which of the following is the closest in distance to the United States?

A) Indonesia B) England C) Mali D) Venezuela E) Cuba Answer: E Diff: 1 Bloom's: 1 Remembering 2) Country #25 is A) Sudan.

B) Mali.

C) Angola.

D) Kenya.

E) Ghana.

Answer: B Diff: 1 Bloom's: 1 Remembering

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3) The country of Venezuela is identified by the number A) 27.

B) 30.

C) 54.

D) 58.

E) 64.

Answer: C Diff: 1 Bloom's: 1 Remembering 4) Bamako is the capital of A) Somalia.

B) Mali.

C) Malawi.

D) Venezuela.

E) Nigeria.

Answer: B Diff: 1 Bloom's: 1 Remembering 5) The capital of country #23 is A) Khartoum.

B) Djakarta.

C) Caracas.

D) Bamako.

E) Bucharest.

Answer: A Diff: 1 Bloom's: 1 Remembering 6) Havana is the capital of A) 16.

B) 30.

C) 42..

D) 55.

E) 67.

Answer: D Diff: 1 Bloom's: 1 Remembering

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7) Which pair of countries share a continent?

A) Mali & Sudan B) England & Cuba C) Romania & Indonesia D) Venezuela & England E) Cuba & Mali Answer: A Diff: 1 Bloom's: 1 Remembering 8) Which pair of countries share a continent?

A) Venezuela & Barbados B) England & Canada C) Indonesia & Venezuela D) Mali & Sudan E) Iran & Sydney Answer: D Diff: 1 Bloom's: 1 Remembering

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Europe

9) Bucharest is the capital of the country labeled with which number?

A) 2 B) 6 C) 13 D) 16 E) 34 Answer: D Diff: 1 Bloom's: 1 Remembering

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10) The capital of #31 is A) Berlin.

B) Paris.

C) London.

D) Madrid.

E) Moscow.

Answer: C Diff: 1 Bloom's: 1 Remembering 6.6 Question with Images

1) The above image best represents a A) government motorcade route.

B) cognitive image.

C) treasure map.

D) marathon running route.

E) shanty town.

Answer: A Diff: 2 Bloom's: 2 Understanding Section Headings: Place-Making

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2) In the above isoline map, the darkest shadings illustrate ________ for cities in the United States, as expressed by architecture students at Virginia Tech in 1996.

A) prime agricultural land B) collective preferences C) obesity rates D) green space E) areas of smart growth Answer: B Diff: 2 Bloom's: 2 Understanding Section Headings: Place-Making

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3) The above map best represents A) e-waste disposal sites.

B) current sites for outbreaks of Ebola.

C) source areas for pilgrims to Mecca.

D) UNESCO World Heritage sites.

E) origin sites of scientology.

Answer: C Diff: 2 Bloom's: 2 Understanding Section Headings: Coded Spaces 6.7 Short Answer 1) What are "ordinary landscapes"? Citing one example, how does it reflect a particular ideology?

Diff: 1 Bloom's: 1.5 Remembering/Understanding Section Headings: Landscape as Human Systems

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2) Explain the humanistic approach in geography, and briefly present its strengths and weaknesses.

Diff: 2 Bloom's: 2 Understanding Section Headings: Landscape as Human Systems 3) Identify and briefly explain the five most common elements that structure cognitive images.

Diff: 2 Bloom's: 2 Understanding Section Headings: Place-Making 4) Briefly explain three ways in which malls create a sense of place.

Diff: 1 Bloom's: 1.5 Remembering/Understanding Section Headings: Coded Spaces 5) Identify and describe a symbolic, an ordinary, and a derelict landscape and include a picture for each example from your surrounding area.

Diff: 2 Bloom's: 2 Understanding Section Headings: Landscape as Human Systems 6) What are derelict landscapes? Cite an example and explain how it reflects a particular ideology.

Diff: 2 Bloom's: 2 Understanding Section Headings: Landscape as Human Systems 7) Discuss why the Internet is likely to be highly uneven because of the digital divide.

Diff: 1 Bloom's: 1.5 Remembering/Understanding Section Headings: Place and Space in Modern Society 8) Describe the policies that have been put in place to commit to the Cittaslow philosophy in Waldkirch, Germany.

Diff: 2 Bloom's: 2 Understanding Section Headings: Place and Space in Modern Society 9) What is meant by the "cultural geography" of cyberspace and social media?

Diff: 1 Bloom's: 1.5 Remembering/Understanding Section Headings: Place and Space in Modern Society

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