Adaptive Re-use Project - A Maker Space

CPU | Ai PS2

Aifa Muthuraman | Jin Yu Liu | Tere Sagay | Seenam Bhagat

THE MAKER’S JOURNEY

Adaptive Reuse Project

THE MAKER’S JOURNEY Adaptive Reuse Project of The Righton Building (Manchester Metropolitan University)

Table of Content PROJECT INTRODUCTION Project Information Historical Timeline Site Context + Critical Proximities Site + Social Opportunities

pg 3 pg 4 pg 5 pg 6

OUR APPROACH Our Narrative Adaptive Reuse Strategy

pg 7 pg 8

EXISITING BUILDING + CONTEXT ANALYSIS Building + Context Materiality Existing Structure Existing MEP Asbestos Issue Site Environmental Analysis Building Elements Analysis Building Regulation Compliance

pg 9 pg 10 pg 11 pg 12 pg 13 pg 14 pg 15

DESIGN IMPLEMENTATION Precedent Study Narrative’s Programmatic Influences Architectural Features of Journey Spaces Journey Spaces Visuals Construction Sequence Plan of Work Floor Plans Building Section Zoning Section Building Environmental Analysis Building Fire Strategy Building Visuals Reflection

pg 16 pg 17 pg 18 pg 19-20 pg 21 pg 22 pg 23-27 pg 28 pg 29 pg 30 pg 31 pg 32-35 pg 36

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“Maker culture matters because it teaches and promotes CREATIVE LITERACY. Creative literacy is knowledge that gives individuals the power to transform their ideas into reality and this is makerism at its core.”

-Ginsberg, S.

PROJECT INFORMATION The Team Brief Create a Makerspace in a Grade II listed building, using Adaptive Reuse strategies which best demonstrate our design ideas for the makerspace and respect the heritage building

Intended Users of Proposed Project

11%

>700 students

Schools of Art, Architecture + Fashion

55%

3700 students

34%

2263 students

Site + Building Information Location: Righton Building, Cavendish Street, MMU

Campus, Manchester, UK Current Use: Part of the Arts + Humanities Faculty for

Postgraduate Students (PhD) Building Utilization: The University measures the utilisation of its centrally booked teaching rooms in terms of frequency of use and levels of occupancy.

80

People

11am 4pm

7am 9pm

High Traffic

Period of High Traffic

Building Opening Hours 3

1905

1900

Occupied by ‘’Till & Kennedy’’, an ironmongery suplier with storage and showrooms located inside

1955

1960

2002

Present

1991 1993 The Righton Building was first listed on the 11’” June 1991 as Grade II, and it has an English Heritage Building ID: 387974.

Notice of intention to build Righton Building was submitted to the city council. Designed as a draper’s shop by W and G Higginbottom Architects for William Righton.

Larger Skylight Wooden Staircase

Art Deco Balustrade Steel Columns

Use of former showrooms, warehouse and offices as temporary MMU student union

NON-LISTED ELEMENTS IN RIGHTON (built in 1960s)

LISTED ELEMENTS IN RIGHTON (all built in 1905)

Building used for office spaces in MMU Arts and Humanities department

1970

1904

Art Deco Steel Brackets

The building is used as the MMU Disco

Glass Partitions

Smaller Skylight

4 https://pa.manchester.gov.uk/online-applications/applicationDetails.do?activeTab=documents&keyVal=MAY3IEBC6K000 ; https://www.flickr.com/photos/mmuvisualresources/24371477549/in/photostream/

Project Introduction

Last known instance of Righton Building which housed the original draper shop

THE MAKER’S JOURNEY

HISTORICAL TIMELINE

CRITICAL PROXIMITIES: Art, Architecture, Fashion Institute Buildings

The Site: Righton Building

Public Scape 5

MMU Main Campus Estate Boundary

All Saints Park

Righton Building

Benzie Building (Fashion Institute)

Grosvenor Building (School of Art)

Chatham Building (School of Architecture)

Chatham Building (Digital Arts + Other Art Workshops)

Site Context + Critical Proximities Site + Social Opportunities

Project Introduction

THE MAKER’S JOURNEY

SITE CONTEXT , CRITICAL PROXIMITIES + SOCIAL OPPORTUNITIES

Our response to the brief is to explore the idea of enhancing the user’s (which we refer to for the purpose of this project as the Maker) ability to create. We are pursing the creation of a space which will enable efficiency in the Makers’ individual and collective creative process.

Thus, we have broken the creative process down into 4 main steps: Brainstorming, Prototyping, Finishing, Display.

The project hopes to elevate the “Display” step of the creative process because it is the end of the journey which the Makers work towards; everything is done in order to enhance the displayed work at the end of the creative process.

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Our Approach

THE MAKER’S JOURNEY

OUR NARRATIVE

TRANSFORMATION

The transformation strategy adopted in the project will be that of INTERVENTION The exisiting structure will be majorly transformed and unable to exist independently.

Openings: Split to Create Continuous Opening

STRATEGY

TACTIC

Light: Skylit Central Atrium

Movement: Central Stairs Journey through Space

Display/Exhibition Spaces Central Staircase 7

TRANSFORMATION

TYPE

Our Approach

TRANSFORMATION

THE MAKER’S JOURNEY

ADAPTIVE REUSE STRATEGIES

15700mm

rainscreen cladding

22300mm

Black Cladding, Glass

16000mm

8200mm

White Glazed Tile, Buff Terracota, Glass Curtain Wall

8

5900mm

Existing Building + Context Analysis

17000mm

THE MAKER’S JOURNEY

BUILDING + CONTEXT MATERIALITY

Structural System Load-Bearing Walls Partition Walls

9

Existing Building + Context Analysis

THE MAKER’S JOURNEY

EXSITING STRUCTURE

Radiators

Electrical Trunking

Fire System

Boiler Room 10

Existing Building + Context Analysis

THE MAKER’S JOURNEY

EXISITING MEP

Chrystolite Asbestos

Found on the Roof in the Putty

Amosite Asbestos

Found on the First Floor in the Insulation board partitions.

** The other highlighted locations of Asbestos are presumed

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Existing Building + Context Analysis

THE MAKER’S JOURNEY

ASBESTOS ISSUE

EXISTING BUILDING

SHADOW ANALYSIS GENERAL ANALYSIS: The site is in shadow during the winter and receives little sunlight in spring and summer months.

RADIATION ANALYSIS

BUILDING SUNLIGHT ANALYSIS: Most of the sunlight is accessed from the two skylights on the roof.

RESOLUTIONS: -Proposed design may consider maintaining or creating larger skylight

March 21st

BUILDING SUNLIGHT ANALYSIS: Facade facing the courtyard is dark with no windows.

RESOLUTIONS: -Proposed design may consider fenestration on the courtyard facing facade, to utilize the views

July 21st

BUILDING SUNLIGHT ANALYSIS: Atrium and open floor spaces are well lit.

RESOLUTIONS: -Maintain existing naturally lit ambience within the building , however, carry ambience through all the floors, not just the topmost level.

December 21st 12

Existing Site Environmental Analysis

SITE

THE MAKER’S JOURNEY

SITE ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS

03

02

04

THE MAKER’S JOURNEY

01

02

Exterior Elements

01

Victorian Steel Skylight

05

Arched Banner

06

Oriel Windows

07

Stained Glass Windows

08

A B

Storefront Curtain Wall C

Oval Windows

B

A

Basement Clerestory

C

Oriel Entrance

D

Interior Elements

03 04

D E 08 07

Cast Iron Columns + Brackets E

06 05 Metal-Clad Meeting Room

13

Glass Partitions

Art Noveau Style Balustrade

Jacobian Staircase

Existing Building + Context Analysis

BUILDING ELEMENTS

4m

11m (max travel distance) (min travel distance)

22m

10m

(Distance between two stairs)

occupant numberfloor area/area of a room or storey by appropriate floor space factor total floor area: 810sqm rough estimation for occupant number - 810/6; 135; less then 600, preferably minimum 2 escape routes/exit.

14

Existing Building + Context Analysis

accesibility to basement

27m

THE MAKER’S JOURNEY

BUILDING REGULATION COMPLIANCE

Bangkok Commons

• Adaptive Reuse • Isolation of Facade • “lifting” of facade

Central Stair creates a social space as focal point of the building

Department of Architecture

Department of Architecture

https://www.archdaily.com/800497/the-commons-department-of-architecture?ad_medium=gallery 15

Design Implementation

Caixa Forum - Madrid

THE MAKER’S JOURNEY

PRECEDENT STUDIES

SCHOOL OF ART

SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE

PROTOTYPING

FINISHING

DISPLAY

• Design of Fabric patterns on laptops; • Testing out garment design with calico fabric;

• Use of fabric machinery to create fabric; • Sewing fabric together; • creating finishing pieces with laser cutter

• works displayed by the Fashion + Art Direction students;

Spaces Needed: Studio space with large tables in proximity to machines

Spaces Needed: Open Spaces in proximity to sewing machines and mannequins

• Visual + Textual research; • Site Analysis; • Sketching intial ideas

• Digitizating intervention • Creating sketch models/ massing models to test out spatial ideas

• Mount modelled output on plinths/ racks/shelves • Mount printed output on walls;

Spaces Needed: Discussion Space with Screens for visualizing data and existing site information; individual cubicles for personal study and research

• Building final models; • Rendering digital model; • collating graphics for research done

Spaces Needed: Studio space with large tables in proximity to 3D printers ; VR cubicles

Spaces Needed: fitted out wood / metal / plastic workshops ; tables to model; computer working spaces

Spaces Needed: Pinup spaces; open spaces for mounted models; screens for digital presentations

• Creation of moodboards; • Visual discussion of ideas with Fashion and Art Direction Students; • Sketching Spaces Needed: Discussion Space with Screens for Visualizing

• Textual Research; • Digital Sketching; • Sketching Spaces Needed: Personal cubicles for self exploration; pin up space for intial thoughts

PROTOTYPING + FINISHING STAGES ARE BLENDED TOGETHER IN THE ART MAKER PROCESS Spaces Needed: Studio/ wall space with individual niches for each student

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Spaces Needed: Studio/ wall space with individual niches for each student

Spaces Needed: Promenade space, to enable viewers walk through a line of garments; pinup space to display sample fabric

• Mount finish art work on wall for viewing • Cleanout wall space for finished art piece Spaces Needed: Large wall space for display; adequate standing distance from art works

Design Implementation

FASHION INSTITUTE

BRAINSTORMING

THE MAKER’S JOURNEY

NARRATIVE’S PROGRAMMATIC INFLUENCE (DATA FROM STUDENT INTERVIEWS)

Fashion Students

BRNST

FNSG

Noise Level

Direct Sunlight Ceiling Work Desk Lighting Indirect Lights Sunlight Group Group Machinery Discussions Discussions Noise

Architectural Planes

Empty Wall Space

Empty Wall Space

Single Volume

Single Volume

Daylighting

Parameters

PRTYP

(Ceiling Work Lights Assumed)

Artificial Lighting

Volume Of Space Critical Proximities

Not Required

Indirect Sunlight

NONE

DSPY Indirect Sunlight Spotlights Group Discussions

Tool Storing Not Required Wall Space Single Volume

Single Volume

Machinery Room 17

02 Arch Students

03 Art Students

Architectural Features of Journey Spaces

01

THE MAKER’S JOURNEY

ARCHITECTURAL FEATURES OF JOURNEY SPACES FASHION STUDENTS’ CREATIVE PROCESS

Brainstorming Space (Architecture Students)

*works sited appropriately on page 36

18

PRTP

FNSH

Design Implementation

BRNS

THE MAKER’S JOURNEY

JOURNEY SPACES VISUALS

The building has been laid out with the stairs landing on each level into display spaces on both sides. This move highlights the emphasis our narrative places on the importance of displaying makers’ work. Work produced through the journeys on each level, will be displayed to the public at the entrance of level

19

Design Implementation

THE MAKER’S JOURNEY

JOURNEY SPACES VISUALS: DISPLAY

Step 1: Demolish Curtain Front Step 2: Needle Through The Facade Step 3: Micropile + Frame Bracing

Step 4: Lift Facade with Hydraulic Jacks Step 5: Steel Columns + Truss

Step 6: Structural System Built Step 7: Interior Walls Added Step 8: Roof Truss System Added

The existing curtain front wall will be removed and replaced with plain glass front to open up the exhibition space on the lower level

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Design Implementation

01. DEMOLISH CURTAIN FRONT

THE MAKER’S JOURNEY

CONSTRUCTION SEQUENCE

TECHNICAL DESIGN

- Identify Adaptive reuse opportunities which support a conservation of Righton Building’s key features as a grade 2 listed building

- Further consultation with MEP and Structural engineer to inquire the building needs as expansion of 2 to 4 floors demands an amplification of interior systems and services as number of users increases. Specialised rooms such as technical workshops and virtual rooms drive the design of the mechanical system of the building.

- Meetings with structural and MEP Engineers to discuss design viability.

- Ratify option that best delivers client brief and user needs

- Consider existing context of building such as Asbestos issues and historical elements for reuse, repurpose or removal

PREPARATION AND BRIEFING - Source site information and surveys from MMU Estates (Client) and building professionals such as Asbestos Consultants.

- Consultation with structural engineer to understand how the building facade could be split and moved by 4-5m for facade retention. Discussions of how the load could be distributed on existing and new columns.

- Interview of MMU Benzie and Chatham students as potential users.

- Consider and amend design based on professional input

- Identify project outcomes and group skills

- Preparation of construction sequence and construction strategies that consider existing site boundaries, transportation and logistics

- Prepare Project Execution Plan

MANUFACTURING AND CONSTRUCTION

CONCEPT DESIGN

- Propose a project narrative driven by design concepts. Ensure the design of the proposed makerspace is in line with the MMU key development strategy for 2017-2027: “to create facilities that encourage [research collaboration]... and enables students to explore their potential and connect to the city and public as a whole.” (MMU Estates Strategy)

- Specify construction sequence, primarily structural methods and timescale for construction processes in meeting with engineers, subcontractors and key players of construction process.

- Propose massing study influenced by site analysis. Make site planning decisions informed by the historical context and existing developments which limit proposal boundaries.

- Monitor the retention of historical elements of Righton Building during construction. Removal and encapsulating asbestos elements may take 3-4 weeks.

- Propose adaptive reuse strategies based on existing elements that could be reused, repurpose, removed or enhanced.

- Finalize site logistics and ensure right materials and operatives are in place.

Liaise with suppliers to ensure materials arrive as per request and ensure supply of material does not run out to avoid project delays due to damaged or unavailable resources.

- Massing ideas fully developed by the project narrative which will have programmatic influence on the proposed design - Develop several massing options by modeling in Revit and choosing the best fit for design intention and strategy.

SPATIAL COORDINATION

- Perform off-site and onsite construction in line with construction programme.

- Usage of digital technologies to update + track each step of manufacture, packaging, logistic and delivery of work. This is best done by sharing the coordinated BIM Model (Building Information Modelling) to engineers, project managers and contractors to ensure up to date modelling and seamless coordination.

- Undertaking Design Study and research and identifying relevant information for spatial strategies. Team members take part in analysing certain elements of Righton Building and discuss about the potential and making detailed model of the exsiting Righton Building to further understand the site context and the potential elements to adapt to the new design proposal.

HANDOVER

- Identify engineering structural and undertake engineering analysis, to test architectural concepts are spatially coordinated and align to project strategies, outline specification, regulations and procedures. .

Then Test initial massing ideas against project narrative and concepts.

- Rectify any defects and undertake seasonal Commissioning; complete initial aftercare tasks, and attach to Post Occupancy Evaluation

- Building the Revit BIM Model (Building Information Modelling) to detail of existing Righton building and a version with changes and adapted reuse to see how the spatial quality, coordination of spaces and the areas that would require further discussion with structural engineers and MEP could be discussed in further detail. Making a model is key in ensuring that ideas can be shared clearly across platforms online as Covid-19 Pandemic has limited face to face meetings

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- Ensure relevant information related to building is compiled and handed over to client together with BIM model files - Provide review of Project Performance to suppliers, contractors and subcontractors of capability and performance

USE - Implementation of Facilities Management and Asset Management to ensure maintenance work and any additional work takes place when necessary - Undertake Post Occupancy Evaluation of Building performance in use.

- Verify Project Outcome and include Sustainability outcomes

Design Implementation

STRATEGIC DEFINITION

THE MAKER’S JOURNEY

PLAN OF WORK (RIBA 2020)

COURTYARD

CAVENDISH BUILDING

CAVENDISH BUILDING

BASEMENT SKYLIGHT

W/C

Mech ELEC.

W/C STAFF OFFICE

OFFICE

SERVICE ENTRANCE ENCLOSED EXHIBITION SPACE 2

ENCLOSED EXHIBITION SPACE 3

Mech STORE

ENCLOSED EXHIBITION SPACE 1

FLEXIBLE EXHIBITION SPACE

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RECEPTION

ENTRANCE

Design Implementation

THE MAKER’S JOURNEY

GROUND FLOOR PLAN

TECHNICIAN

MALE + FEMALE W/C

SKILL SHARE AUDITORIUM

EXHIBTION 1

FABRIC PRINT

BRAINSTORMING AREA

MACHINERY

WORKSPACE

WORKSPACES EXHIBTION 1

FACADE DISPLAY

23

Design Implementation

THE MAKER’S JOURNEY

FIRST FLOOR PLAN

EXHIBITON 2

3D PRINTING LAB

SKILL SHARING

VR LAB ENCLOSED EXHIBITION

WORKSPACE

FACADE DISPLAY

24

BRAINSTORMING SPACE

Design Implementation

THE MAKER’S JOURNEY

SECOND FLOOR PLAN

PRINT LAB

DIGITAL ART LAB TECHNICIAN OFFICES

EXHIBITION 3

PARTIONABLE WORKSPACE

25

BRAINSTORMING AREA

Design Implementation

THE MAKER’S JOURNEY

THIRD FLOOR PLAN

PLANT ROOM

BOILER ROOM

CAFE KITCHENETTE

CAFE

STORE TUTORIAL STUDIO

PANTRY WOOD WORKSHOP

PLANT ROOM

STORE

OFFICES

LIBRARY OF THINGS MEETING ROOM

STORE EVACUATOR

26

Design Implementation

THE MAKER’S JOURNEY

BASEMENT PLAN

18891

Transverse Section Scale: 1:200

6482

7850

3557

13203

8810

3330

3803

7858

A

5800 3091

B 17912

4820

C

6246

D

2099

7522

1794

7956

23756

6049

6077

55791

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

27

Design Implementation

Longitudinal Section Scale: 1:200

THE MAKER’S JOURNEY

BUILDING SECTIONS

28

NEW COLUMN CONNECTION TO EXISTING VICTORIAN COLUMN

Design Implementation

DOUBLE PANE GLASS IN VIERENDEEL TRUSS

THE MAKER’S JOURNEY

DETAILED SECTIONS

6482

7850

3557

13203

8810

3330

3803

7858

A

5800 3091

B 17912

4820

3rd Floor: Art Students

C

6246

D

2099

7522

1794

7956

23756

6049

6077

55791

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

Basement: Workshops + Cafe

2nd Floor: Architecture Students 1st Floor: Fashion Students Ground Floor: Main Exhibition

29

Design Implementation

18891

THE MAKER’S JOURNEY

ZONING SECTION

BUILDING SUNLIGHT ANALYSIS: -Topmost building level remains the level with the most access to daylighting.

-Atrium and new skylight brightens in central area of the building -Ground floor receives more sunlight due to added exterior glazing

Top Facade Cut Through for the Purpose of Highlighting the Interior Radiation Analysis 30

Design Implementation

THE MAKER’S JOURNEY

BUILDING ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS

OCCUPANT NUMBERofOF ESCAPE ROUTES TRAVEL DISTANCE OCCUPANT NUMBER NUMBER // NUMBER ESCAPE ROUTES and EXITS TRAVEL DISTANCE

Approved document B

BS 9999 Approved document B

BS 9999

Occupant number

Occupant number

NOTE The occupant capacity of a room, storey, building o r part o f a building is either: a) the maximum number of persons it is designed to hold; or b) the number calculated by dividing the area of room or storey(s) (m 2 ) by the appropriate floor space factor (m 2 per person) such as those given in Table 9.

Travel distance is measured the shortest route.

Both of the isfollowing NOTE The occupant capacity of a room, as storey, building or part of a building either: should be observed.number of persons it is designed to hold; or a) the maximum a. If there is fixedbyseating orthe other obstructions, the route is along b) the number calculated dividing areafixed of room or storey(s) (mshortest 2 ) by the the centre line of the (m seatways and gangways. appropriate floor space factor 2 per person) such as those given in Table 9. b. If the route includes a stair, the shortest route is along the pitch line on the centre line of travel.

The travel distance should generally not exceed the value given in Table 11 for the appropriate risk profile; however, if additional fire protection measures are provided the travel distance may be increased subject to certain limitations (see Clause 18).

NOTE 1 The travel distances recommended in this subclause are based on the time available to travel safely to an exit (see Clause 11).

NOTE 2 These distances have been determined according to the risk profile (see Clause 6), taking into account the following issues.

Number of escape routes and exits The building design should be based on the number of occupants.

Table 2.2 gives the minimum number of escape routes and exits from a room or storey for different numbers of occupants. This number is likely to be increased by the need to observe travel distances and other practical considerations.

Number of escape routes and exits The number of escape routes and exits from any room, tier or storey should be not less than the minimum recommended in Table 10 for the intended number of occupants.

Ground Floor First Floor

Second Floor Fire Strategy Circulation

Third Floor

Basement

Fire Escape Fireman Hatch

31

Design Implementation

**CLICK ON THE BUBBLES TO SEE THE DIFFERENT FLOOR PLANS

THE MAKER’S JOURNEY

BUILDING FIRE STRATEGY

Display Landing

Atrium View

Draper’s courtyard

*Artworks sited appropriately on page 36

32

Design Implementation

Entrance View

THE MAKER’S JOURNEY

BUILDING VISUALS: ENTRANCE VIEW

East Elevation Scale 1:200

North + South Elevation Scale 1:200

West Elevation Scale 1:200

33

Design Implementation

THE MAKER’S JOURNEY

BUILDING ELEVATIONS

34 Design Implementation

THE MAKER’S JOURNEY

BUILDING VISUALS: REAR VIEW

As a group,we realize that reusing a listed building is a way of contributing to the school’s (and city’s) historical legacy. Throughout the project we tried to maintain the original architectural essence of the Righton Building by re-using some building elements, and creating architetcural features which nod to the aesthetic of the building.

BUILDING REGULATION COMPLIANCE We understand that with a proposed re-use that adds some levels, building occupancy increases and thus fire strategy and escape distance measures must be taken to ensure that building occupants are safe in relation to the building regulations.

COMPARING THE OLD TO THE NEW A structural comparison of the old re-used elements and the newly built elements will help us understand the impact of the new build with the heritage context.

GROUP VISION FOR RIGHTON ON MMU CAMPUS Raising the facade of the building is proposed with the hope that students will use the opened facade as a means to showcase their work not only to the building occupants, but to those on the street and in adjacent buildings.

OTHER SOURCES

1.

Cover Image Base, Google Maps: https://www.google. c o m /m a p s / @ 5 3 . 4 6 9 7 3 9 1 , - 2 . 2 3 8 7 5 6 9 , 3 a , 2 2 . 7 y, 1 8 5 . 1 4 h , 1 0 7. 8 8 t / data=!3m6!1e1!3m4!1siCR-X3e1VD5i3TfKSriFLQ!2e0!7i16384!8i8192 pg 1, 2, 36 2. Digimap Ordinance Survey. Accessed 29 March 2020. 22:54. pg 2 3. Art work pg 19 by Yoco Nagamiya https://shu84.blogspot.com/2012/05/ yoco-nagamiya-fashion-illustrations.html#more 4. Art work pg 19 by Jessica Durant https://www.etsy.com/uk/ listing/663161138/a-little-bit-coco-print-f rom-original?ref=shop_home_ active_40 5. Art work pg 34 by Magdiel Lopez https://elumina.me/blog/ designer-creates-a-poster-a-day-for-each-day-of-the-year/?utm_ content=buffer5799e&utm_medium=social&utm_source=pinterest. com&utm_campaign=buffer 6. Rendering pg 34 by H Architecture - 2 https://www.archdaily.com/390904/ redesigning-detroit-a-new-vision-for-an-iconic-site-competition-entryh-architecture/51c10ce0b3fc4b934900008f-redesigning-detroit-a-newvision-for-an-iconic-site-competition-entry-h-architecture-image

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Conclusion

THE MAKER’S JOURNEY

REFLECTION