Tejaswi Dasamantharao I PID22369 Project Title : Retrofitting for Cyclone and Flood Resilient Fisherman’s Home City Name : Visakhapatnam
Typology : Retrofitting Resilience in the Fisherman’s existing housing units to recover from Cyclone and Flooding. Site Area : House 1 - 9.5 sq.m , House 2 - 56sq.m
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CITY BACKGROUND
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JALARIPETA POPULATION
GEOGRAPHICAL CONDITION Flood Prone Area
Cyclone prone Area
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1G (1990 to 2000): Fisherman’s Residence
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2G (2000 to 2010): Fisherman’s Residence
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3G (2010 to 2020): Fisherman’s Residence
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Understanding Community
OCCUPATION IN DIFFERENT MONTHS
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ANALYSIS THROUGH CASE STUDIES Why LIG Housing Fails? • Imposing new Lifestyle • Initial costs • Change in location • Lack of communal spaces • Change in Daily activities. • Accessibility • Cultural Mismatch • Lack of Pooja rooms/Vastu
Tsunami Housing CASE STUDY
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4G
4G TYPOLOGY
Retrofitting for Cyclone and Flood - Resilient Fisherman’s Home 4G Project Description The project aims to design cyclone-resilient home in existing residential units for fisherman in Jaalaripeta, Visakhapatnam by the coast, accommodating a family of 2-4 and providing a multi-functional living space with interior system that can recover from cyclones and floods. The home aims to have easy reparability and affordable post-cyclone reconstruction involving efficient space utilization. 13
Site Selection
7 houses - 3 Major Types • Thatched Roof Houses • Asbestos Roof house • Brick and Concrete house
Reason - The external factors like wind load, flooding affect will be similar in 1cluster understanding the issues at neighborhood level and solving the issues of the homes which has greater impact.
Jaalaripeta map locating the Cluster
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Cluster in Jalaripeta - Location and Sorroundings
Before Cyclone and Flooding
Rise in sea level effecting Jalaripeta 15
Cluster scenario during flooding
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THATCH ROOF HOUSE - EXISTING SCENARIO A
TYPE 1
LIVING/BEDROOM 3.6X2.6
KITCHEN
Key plan
FLOOR PLAN
CURRENT SCENARIO A
SCALE - 1:50 Area - 9.5m2
WOODEN STRUCTURAL MEMBERS
3.4
MUD WALL
SECTION AT AA
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Before flooding
After flooding
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During cyclone and flooding
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ASBESTOS ROOF HOUSE - EXISTING SCENARIO TYPE 2
A
LIVING/BEDROOM/KITCHEN 4.2X3.0
STORE 2.0X3.0
LIVING/BEDROOM 4.2X3.0
VERANDAH
KITCHEN 2.0X3.0
EXISTING FLOOR PLAN
SCALE - 1:50
A
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3.5
ASBESTOS ROOF
LIVING/BEDROOM
KITCHEN
METAL RODS 0.23MM THICK BRICK WALL
GL
SECTION AT AA
CURRENT SENARIO
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Before flooding
After flooding
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VULNERABLE HOUSE CONDITION
During cyclone and flooding
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RETROFITTING RESILIENCE DESIGN STRATEGY
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Interior System Iterations
Metal pipes and bars suspended system
Metal pipes free standing system
Peg board interior system
Metal pipes free standing system
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Metal bracket interior system
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Roof Stabilising Iterations
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THATCH ROOF HOUSE - TYPE 1 Proposed
Alleviate
Securing the existing STRUCTURE through retrofitting ROOF -
Leakage + Roof Lift
(Issues)
Leakage
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ROOF LIFT Roof structural members are tied down to the proposed structural members.
PROPOSED SPATIAL FRAME Material - GI Pipe sections
Spatial frames help in securing the roof better with smaller section pipes.
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DETAIL AT B Welded
50mm dia GI Pipe
50mm dia GI Pipe
FFL
6mm thick Base plate M6 Anchor bolt
20mm dia GI Pipe
SCALE - 1:2
SCALE - 1:10
DETAIL AT A 2.4m
0.2m
50mm dia GI Pipe 20mm dia GI Pipe
0.2
0.23m
3m
0.2
3m
2.4m
0.23m
PROPOSED SPATIAL FRAME DETAIL
SCALE - 1:10
WALLS + FLOOR - DAMPNESS + MOLD(Issues) Welded 50mm dia GI Pipe 20mm dia GI Pipe
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Realign
Reorganising Space
Entrance wall Isometric view
Flood level Introduction in Interior spaces
Reorganise Crates vertically - GI Pipes
Elevated Fridge - Brick and mortar (plinth)
Less affected wall LOFT + waterproof metal Safe + Emergency Battery Light 31
Create
Affordable and Easily Constructed Interior System 50mm dia GI Pipe
0.45 24mm dia GI Pipe
18mm HDF Board
GI U FITTING
GI PIPES GI pipes are extensively used in the community and the material is easily available and accessible for the local people. The material is familiar to the fisherman.
FLOOD BARRIER Flood barrier is used to stop the waste from entering into the house and also prevent loss of objects during receding of water after flooding.
GI TEE FITTING
GI Pipe storage system
FLOOD BARRIER
Section Detail
Flood Barrier frame 24mm
EXISTING DOOR TRESHOLD M8 SKREW
A 45mm
DETAIL AT A
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A
ORTHOGRAPHIC DRAWINGS
LIVING/BEDROOM 3.6X2.6
B
VERANDAH
KITCHEN
B
FLOOR PLAN
A
SCALE - 1:50 Area - 9.5m2
Existing WOODEN STRUCTURAL MEMBERS
3.4
Proposed SPATIAL FRAME Proposed SUSPENDED STORAGE
FLOOD LEVEL +0.75 Brick and Mortar Plinth FFL +0.15M
GL +0M
SECTION AA 33
Existing WOODEN STRUCTURAL MEMBERS
3.4
Proposed SPATIAL FRAME MUD WALL SUSPENDED STORAGE FLOOD LEVEL +0.75 Proposed broken tiles skirting FFL +0.15M GL +0M
SECTION BB
ESTIMATIONS The Home can be made Resilient incrementally by Fisherman’s with the help of government funding after the cyclone impact along with the subsidy. To reduce the Financial burden the materials like GI Pipes are extensively used which can be easily replaced and also can be re used.
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SECTIONAL ELEVATION
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Before flooding
EASY RECOVERY After flooding
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RESILIENT HOUSE CONDITION
During cyclone and flooding
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CORRUGATED ROOF HOUSE - TYPE 2 Proposed
Alleviate
Securing the existing STRUCTURE through retrofitting ROOF -
Roof Lift
(Issues)
CORRUGATED ROOFING The existing Asbestos roof is replaced with corrugated roofing. To solve the heating issue inside the house due to this roof PU Foam panels are installed which are retrieved from the freezers and then either stuck to the existing frame. To cover PU foam one more layer of polyester fabric can be installed.
EXPLODED ISOMETRIC VIEW
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Roof Drop to reduce Roof lift - in Verandah Existing verandah roof can pull the whole roof resulting in total roof damage. If there is roof drop in only verandah area the push will be less and In case of roof failure only Verandah roof can be replaced or rebuilt easily.
0.2m
2.4m
EXISTING
ROOF DROP
2.4m
0.23m
Rain water Gutter Protecting the Roof Overhang The failure of the roof is due to the push from the windward side. So the Roof over hang is reduced from existing 0.75m to now 0.45.Rainwater gutter pipe if fixed to the wall protect the roof from lifting up due to the decrease in direct wind contact. In case wind is extremely strong the Gutter pipe might get damaged but the roof will be more secured.
CORRUGATED ROOF 50MM GI PIPE 50MM X 25MM HOLLOW BOX GI SECTION
A
GUTTER PIPE FIXED TO THE WALL
SCALE - 1:10
Detail at AA
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WALLS + FLOOR + OPENINGS - Securing structure + DAMPNESS + MOLD
0.45 24mm dia GI Pipe
0.6M
50mm dia GI Pipe
18mm HDF Board
BAHAMA SHUTTER
SHUTTER DETAIL
GI U FITTING GI TEE FITTING
Cross Ventilation in Warm and humid climate is necessary and also corrugated roofing contributes to the heat gain inside the house.
The kitchen opening if shifted to verandah the overhang of the overall roof can be reduced and also the openings will be covered by the verandah roof.
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Spatial frame proposed to hold the structure together
Detail at A
C
24mm
50mm dia GI Pipe FFL
6mm thick Base plate 45mm
M6 Anchor bolt
Detail at B
B
A Crossover 50mm Pipe clamp
Securing wall by BRACING WITH TRUSSES Detail at C
50mm dia Metal Pipe 20mm dia Metal Pipe
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Create
Affordable and Easily Constructed Interior System
BRACING WALL WITH STORAGE UNITS
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ORTHOGRAPHIC DRAWINGS
B
C
A
LIVING/BEDROOM 4.3X3.0
LIVING/BEDROOM 4.2X3.0
KITCHEN 2.0X3.0
FLOOR PLAN
VERANDAH
A
KITCHEN 2.0X3.0
SCALE - 1:50
C
B
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CORRUGATED ROOF GI 50MMX25MM HOLLOW BOX SECTIONS (RAFTORS) GI 50MM PIPE SECTION (PURLINS) PROPOSED SPATIAL FRAME 0.23M THICK BRICK WALL
2.4
LIVING/BEDROOM
LIVING/BEDROOM
PROPOSED SUSPENDED STORAGE
FLOOD LVL +0.75M FFL +0.15M GL
SECTION AT AA
CORRUGATED ROOF GI 50MM PIPE SECTION (PURLINS) GI 50MMX25MM HOLLOW BOX SECTIONS (RAFTORS)
3.6
PROPOSED SPATIAL FRAME
KITCHEN
LIVING/BEDROOM
PROPOSED RAINWATER DRAIN PIPE BAHAMA SHUTTERS PROPOSED SUSPENDED STORAGE FLOOD LVL +0.75M
0.23M THICK BRICK WALL
FFL +0.15M GL
SECTION AT BB
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CORRUGATED ROOF GI 50MM PIPE SECTION (PURLINS)
3.6
GI 50MMX25MM HOLLOW BOX SECTIONS (RAFTORS) 0.23M THICK BRICK WALL ROOF DROP IN VERANDAH
LIVING/BEDROOM
PROPOSED SPATIAL FRAME
FLOOD LVL +0.75M FFL +0.15M GL
SECTION AT CC
ESTIMATIONS
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Before flooding
After flooding 46
RESILIENT HOUSE CONDITION
During cyclone and flooding
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Interior view
Interior view During flooding
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Project Brief: Retrofitting for Cyclone and Flood-Resilient Fisherman’s Home Project Overview: The project aims to design a cyclone and flood-resilient home within existing residential units for fishermen in Jaalaripeta, Visakhapatnam, located by the coast. The proposed design targets homes accommodating families of 2-4 individuals and focuses on creating a multi-functional living space with an interior system capable of recovering efficiently from cyclones and floods. The primary objectives include easy reparability and affordable post-cyclone reconstruction through efficient space utilization. Design Strategy: Alleviate, Realign, and Create The design strategy revolves around three key principles: Alleviate, Realign, and Create. Alleviate involves reducing severity by securing existing structural components such as roofs, walls, and floors through the addition of supplementary structural members. These act as inserts, fortifying the home. Realign entails reorganizing space based on flood levels and interior conditions by strategically placing essential items in safer areas. Create focuses on innovation, introducing shelving systems that fishermen can easily construct with minimal effort, contributing to the resilience of the home. Project Description: The chosen site is at the forefront of Jalaripeta, closest to the beach, making it highly susceptible to cyclones and flooding due to rising sea levels. Vulnerable homes, particularly one with a thatch roof and another with corrugated roofing, were selected for redesign through retrofitting. A comprehensive study was conducted to identify existing issues and propose solutions that enhance the resilience of fishermen’s homes. The goal is to minimize disruptions, aid a faster recovery post-cyclone, and facilitate a quicker resumption of daily life. Design Decisions and Implementation: The thatch roof house primarily addresses roof security. Introducing trusses provides additional protection and reinforces the structure against cyclones. For the corrugated roof house, the emphasis is on bracing the walls. Introducing trusses into existing homes enhances protection and stability. Incremental Intervention: Due to budget constraints, incremental implementation of interventions is crucial. The project employs easily available, affordable, and familiar materials to simplify the lives of fishermen. Emergency Kits and Flood Barriers: Considering the need for evacuation, emergency kits and flood barriers are introduced to protect essential objects and facilitate a safer environment during disasters. Before, After, During Flooding Analysis: A comprehensive study of vulnerable houses before, after, and during flooding informs the retrofitting process. This analysis aids in proposing resilient home designs tailored to the specific needs of fishermen in Jaalaripeta. Conclusion: The Retrofitting for Cyclone and Flood-Resilient Fisherman’s Home project prioritizes the well-being and safety of the Jaalaripeta community. By strategically implementing design interventions, the project aims to fortify homes against the impacts of cyclones and floods while ensuring cost-effectiveness and ease of implementation. The focus on incremental changes and the use of locally available materials contribute to the project’s sustainability and adaptability to the unique needs of the community.
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