Reality Through the Arts, 8E Dennis J. Sporre Test Bank

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Test Bank

Resource:

Reality Through the Arts

Edition:

8

Author(s):

Dennis Sporre

Test Item File

For

Reality Through the Arts Eighth Edition

By Dennis Sporre

Created by Nancy Blair

Reality Through the Arts Chapter ONE: TWO-DIMENSIONAL ART Multiple Choice Questions 1) Which of the following is considered the foundation of two-dimensional art? a) drawing b) painting c) sculpture d) printmaking Answer: a Page reference: Page 39 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 2) Chalk, charcoal, pastel, and graphite are what kind of materials? a) wet media b) soft media c) dry media d) hard media Answer: c Page reference: Page 39 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 3) Pen and ink, and wash and brush are what kind of materials? a) dry media b) wet media c) soft media d) hard media Answer: b Page reference: Page 39 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 4) The popularity of oil paintings stems from what fact? a) are inexpensive and can be easily purchased b) have a long lifespan c) are fast-drying d) offer a wide range of color possibilities and can be reworked Answer: d Page reference: Page 42 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 5) What painting media traditionally refers to a transparent paint usually applied to paper? a) watercolor b) acrylic c) tempera

d) fresco Answer: a Page reference: Page 42 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 6) Michelangelo’s Sistine Chapel is an example of what kind of painting media? a) tempera b) oil c) fresco d) mixed media Answer: c Page reference: Page 43 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 7) What printing technique includes etching, drypoint and aquatint? a) intaglio b) relief c) lithography d) planography Answer: a Page reference: Page 44 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 8) Albrecht Durer’s Lamentation, 1497-1500 is an example of what kind of printmaking technique? a) lithography b) woodcut c) silkscreen d) intaglio Answer: b Page reference: Page 44 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 9) Which of the following is the most common stencil processes? a) monotype b) aquatint c) silkscreen d) etching Answer: c Page reference: Page 47 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 10) Which artist is considered the driving force behind recognition of photography as a fine art? a) Ansel Adams b) Man Ray c) Dorothea Lange

d) Alfred Stieglitz Answer: d Page reference: Page 49 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 11) Dorothea Lange’s Dust Bowl Farm in Texas, 1936 is an example of what kind of photography? a) straight b) photogram c) documentary d) camera obscura Answer: c Page reference: Page 49 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 12) To copy nature accurately, artists of the sixteenth century used what photographic technique: a) daguerreotype b) camera obscura c) photogenesis d) calotype Answer: b Page reference: Page 50 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 13) What photographic technology has rendered film obsolete? a) digital b) photogenesis c) calotype d) wet-plate collodion Answer: a Page reference: 51 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 14) What is the basic building block of any design? a) shape b) space c) color d) line Answer: d Page reference: Page 51 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities

15) Hung Liu utilizes what kinds of lines in her painting 2005 painting, Relic 12? (Hung Liu is a female artist. There is a typo in the text.) a) expressive and straight

b) contour and dominant c) classical and curved d) implied and outline Answer: d Page reference: Page 53 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 16) What term denotes the measurable wavelength of a specific color? a) tint b) shade c) hue d) value Answer: c Page reference: Page 55 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 17) Adding white to any color is called a a) shade b) tint c) value d) hue Answer: b Page reference: Page 55 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 18) The hues red, yellow and blue are what kinds of colors? a) secondary b) primary c) tertiary d) complementary Answer: b Page reference: Page 55 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 19) What is the result when complementary colors are mixed together in equal proportions? a) gray b) black c) white d) brown Answer: a Page reference: Page 55 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 20) What is the relationship of blacks to whites and gray? a) complementary b) tertiary

c) shade d) value Answer: d Page reference: Page 55 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 21) What term describes not only surface reflectance but also characteristics synonymous with value? a) intensity b) chroma c) brilliance d) saturation Answer: c Page reference: Page 56 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 22) What term describes the application of thick paint with a palette knife? a) impasto b) mass c) palette d) intensity Answer: a Page reference: Page 56 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 23) What design principle constitutes rhythm, harmony and variation? a) repetition b) pattern c) texture d) unity Answer: a Page reference: Page 56 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 24) What are the four basic Principles of Design? a) unity, harmony, texture, perspective b) repetition, line, value, illusion c) balance, line, shape, perspective d) repetition, unity, balance, focal areas Answer: d Page reference: Page 58 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 25) Linear, atmosphere, and shifting are examples of? a) elements of design b) perspective

c) principles of design d) verisimilitude Answer: b Page reference: Page 59 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 26) Which term refers to the suggestion of three-dimensional forms via “light and shade?” a) chiaroscuro b) shifting perspective c) atmospheric perspective d) verisimilitude Answer: a Page reference: Page 60 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 27) What term refers to the balancing of like forms and colors on opposite sides of the vertical axis of a composition? a) asymmetry b) radial symmetry c) psychological balance d) symmetry Answer: d Page reference: Page 58 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 28) Which of the following techniques constitutes a form of illusionistic painting? a) verisimilitude b) trompe l’oeil c) juxtaposition d) perspective Answer: b Page reference: Page 64 A-Head: Sense Stimuli

Essay Questions 29) Explain the differences between the following printmaking processes: intaglio, relief, and planography. Include specific artworks for each technique.

30) Compare and contrast the use of line in Joan Miro’s Composition, 1933 and Van Gogh’s The Starry Night Starry, 1899. Describe the physical characteristics utilized in each painting.

31) Explain linear perspective, atmospheric perspective and shifting perspective.

32) Describe the arrangements of colors on the color wheel. Explain primary, secondary, and tertiary colors.

33) How do artists use focus to control our physical attention and sense response?

Reality Through the Arts Chapter TWO: SCULPTURE Multiple Choice Questions 1) When a sculpture is freestanding and can be viewed from any angle it is a) relief b) linear c) full round d) panoramic Answer: c Page reference: Page 68 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 2) August Rodin’s The Burghers of Calais, 1866 is an example of what kind of sculpture? a) full round b) relief c) bas-relief d) haut-relief Answer: a Page reference: Page 68 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 3) Sculptures that project by at least half their depth from their base are called a) bas-relief b) low relief c) haut relief d) mid-relief Answer: c Page reference: Page 69 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 4) Which of the following is a carver’s ideal kind of rock because of durability, ease of carving and a wide range of colors? a) igneous b) sedimentary c) metamorphic d) terracotta Answer: a Page reference: Page 70 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 5) The method of execution in sculpture in which works are carved. a) construction b) manipulation

c) substitution d) subtractive Answer: d Page reference: Page 70 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 6) The creation of a cast sculpture always involves the use of a) a model b) a mold c) metal d) polishing Answer: b Page reference: Page 71 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 7) Giovanni Bologna’s Mercury, c. 1567 is an example of what kind of sculpture method? a) construction b) subtractive c) built d) substitution Answer: d Page reference: Page 71 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 8) The ancient sculpture technique of lost-wax casting is an example of a) substitution b) manipulation c) construction d) subtraction Answer: a Page reference: Page 72 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 9) When a sculpture directs the eye continually back into the form, it is called a) closed b) open c) linear d) formal Answer: a Page reference: Page 73 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 10) The relationship of shapes is called a) mass b) form c) proportion

d) unity Answer: c Page reference: Page 74 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 11) Michelangelo’s David, 1501-1504, is made of marble and is therefore an example of what method of sculpting? a) substitution b) subtraction c) manipulation d) construction Answer: b Page reference: Page 70 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 12) The open spaces in sculpture are called a) negative b) positive c) linear d) literal Answer: a Page reference: Page 73 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 13) When an artist indicates the movement where one part starts and another part begins it is called a) articulation b) proportion c) repetition d) variation Answer: a Page reference: Page 74 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 14) When a sculpture places a moving object in a work the object immediately becomes a a) reference point b) convergent point c) focal point d) transition point Answer: c Page reference: Page 76 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 15) Robert Smithson’s sculpture Spiral Jetty, 1969-70 is an example of what kind of sculpture? a) environmental b) found

c) mixed media d) full round Answer: a Page reference: Page 77 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 16) When sculpture de-emphasizes lifelikeness in order to draw attention to the materials from which it is made, it is called a) exaggerated b) trompe l’oeil c) manipulation d) glyptic Answer: d Page reference: Page 80 A-Head: Sense Stimuli 17) The maori sculptures located on Easter Island effect our senses due to a) open composition b) light and environment c) mass and size d) texture and pattern Answer: c Page reference: Page 79 A-Head: Sense Stimuli 18) The colors red, yellow and orange stimulate sensations of a) warmth b) coolness c) value d) neutrality Answer: a Page reference: Page 78 A-Head: Sense Stimuli 19) Michelangelo’s tendency to create awe-inspiring characters is called a) verisimilitude b) terribilita c) articulation d) high relief Answer: b Page reference: Page 75 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 20) The sculptural technique of manipulation is also called a) construction b) articulation

c) substitution d) modeling Answer: d Page reference: Page72 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 21) Alexander Calder’s Eleven Polychrome, 1961, is an example of what kind of sculpture? a) construction b) linear c) manipulation d) substitution Answer: b Page reference: Page 70 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 22) In sculpture mass is literal and consists of actual a) form b) line c) volume d) texture Answer: c Page reference: Page 73 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 23) Line is revealed in sculpture by what other element? a) texture b) form c) balance d) unity Answer: b Page reference: Page 72 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 24) The technique of manipulation involves which of the following materials a) marble b) bronze c) clay d) wood Answer: c Page reference: Page 72 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 25) The life-like sculptures of Duane Hansen depend on which of the following elements of art? a) color b) mass c) form

d) texture Answer: a Page reference: Page 73 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities Essay Questions 26) Compare and contrast Duane Hanson’s Tourists, 1970 to the East frieze, from Halicarnassus.

Include the following in your analysis: materials, subject matter and dimensionality.

27) Explain why sculptures in the round have certain constraints. Be specific.

28) Describe low relief and high relief sculptures? Include an example of each.

29) Explain why Maya Lin’s Vietnam Veteran’s Memorial evokes tremendous emotional and sense response. Discuss form, materials, and environment.

30) Evaluate how the following elements and principles of art are integrated into Michelangelo’s David, 1502-1504: mass, texture, unity.

Reality Through the Arts Chapter THREE: ARCHITECTURE Multiple Choice Questions 1) What is the principal concern of architecture? a) aesthetics b) form c) function d) design Answer: c Page reference: Page 83 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 2) Architecture is often described as a) the art of sheltering b) dynamic structures c) aesthetic principles of design d) engineering and art Answer: a Page reference: Page 84 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 3) Stonehenge is an early example of what kind of architectural structure? a) cantilever b) bearing wall c) post and lintel d) skeleton frame Answer: c Page reference: Page 84 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 4) The Parthenon, Acropolis, Athens, is an example of what kind of architectural structure? a) cantilever b) post and lintel c) bearing wall d) skeleton frame Answer: b Page reference: Page 84 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 5) Vertical ridges cut into the sides of columns is called a) fluting b) jambs c) keystone

d) piers Answer: a Page reference: 83 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 6) Tensile strength is the ability of a material to withstand a) compression b) weight c) crushing d) bending Answer: d Page reference: Page 84 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 7) What do Doric, Ionic and Corinthian describe? a) Greek style of columns and capitals b) Greek style of arches c) Greek style vaults d) Greek style of cathedrals Answer: a Page reference: Page 84 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 8) The arch can define large spaces because a) it can only be made of stone b) it does not depend solely on the tensile strength of its materials c) it acts as a bridge d) it can carry heavy loads Answer: b Page reference: Page 85 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 9) The outward thrust of an arch can be stabilized by a a) column b) vault c) buttress d) capital Answer: c Page reference: Page 87 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities

10) Several arches placed side by side form a) a tunnel vault b) a groin vault c) an arcade

d) a flying buttress Answer: c Page reference: Page 87 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities

11) When two tunnel vaults intersect at right angles, they form a a) buttress b) groin vault c) tunnel vault d) rib vault Answer: b Page reference: Page 87 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities

12) What results when arches join at the top and their legs forming a circle? a) dome b) barrel c) vault d) tunnel Answer: a Page reference: Page 88 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities

13) The Canterbury Cathedral Choir, England is an example of a) rib vaulting b) groin vaulting c) tunnel vaulting d) arcade vaulting Answer: a Page reference: Page 88 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities

14) An overhanging beam supported at one end is called a a) post and lintel b) cantilever c) flying buttress d) pendentive Answer: b Page reference: Page 91 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities

15) The Cathedral of St. Peter in York Minster, England used what architectural structure to achieve a sense of lightness? a) post and lintel b) flying buttresses c) cantilever d) bearing wall Answer: b Page reference: Page 91 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 16) Frank Lloyd Wright’s Falling Water and Eduardo Torroja’s Zarzuela Race Track Grandstand have this architectural structure in common: a) cantilever b) bearing wall c) skeletal frame d) dome Answer: a Page reference: Page 91 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 17) The introduction of this material into the nineteenth-century industrial age forever changed architectural style and scale. a) precast concrete b) mortar c) steel d) hexagonal plates Answer: c Page reference: page 94 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 18) Architect Richard Buckminster Fuller invented what important architectural structure? a) geodesic dome b) cantilever technique c) monolithic structure d) bearing wall Answer: a Page reference: Page 92 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 19) In architecture a building’s size and the relationship of the building and its decorative elements to the human form is called a) balance b) proportion c) scale d) repetition

Answer: c Page reference: Page 97 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 20) In architecture the relationship of individual elements to each other is called a) scale b) proportion c) unity d) juxtaposition Answer: b Page reference: Page 97 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 21) This architect defined a home as a “machine for living.” a) Le Corbusier b) Buckminster Fuller c) Frank Gehry d) Eero Saarinen Answer: a Page reference: Page 100 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 22) Notre Dame Cathedral, Paris, is an example of what style of architecture? a) Gothic b) Romanesque c) Neoclassical d) Victorian Answer: a Page reference: Page 102 A-Head: Sense Stimuli 23) What architect is credited with the concept of “form follows function?” a) Frank Lloyd Wright b) Frank Gehry c) Louis Sullivan d) Zaha Hadid Answer: c Page reference: Page 105 A-Head: Sense Stimuli 24) The United State Capitol Building in Washington, D.C. is based on a) Chartres Cathedral, Paris b) St. Peter’s Basilica, Rome c) The Pantheon, Rome d) St. Paul’s Cathedral, London Answer: b

Page reference: Page 105 A-Head: Sense Stimuli 25) What architect creates functional works of sculpture? a) Frank Gehry b) Zaha Hadid c) Le Corbusier d) Frederick Law Olmsted Answer: a Page reference: Page 107 A-Head: Sense Stimuli Essay Questions 26) Compare and contrast the architectural styles of Frank Lloyd Wright’s Guggenheim Museum, New York, to that of Frank Gehry’s Walter Disney Concert Hall, Los Angeles.

Include the terms: dynamics and interactivity, scale, and context in your analysis.

27) Explain why the Gothic Cathedral has been described as the perfect synthesis of intellect, spirituality, and engineering.

28) Discuss the term “context” as it relates to Frank Lloyd Wright’s design of Fallingwater, in Pennsylvania.

29) How are line, repetition and balance integrated in Christopher Wren’s St. Pauls’ Cathedral, London?

30) Compare the following two philosophies as they relate to architectural design: form follows function and “arts for art sake.”

Reality Through the Arts Chapter FOUR: MUSIC AND OPERA Multiple Choice Questions 1) Music is often described as the purest of the artforms because a) it is free from physical restrictions of space b) it places significant responsibility on the listener c) it plays a natural and ever-present role in our lives d) it constantly changes Answer: a Page reference: Page 112 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 2) What form of music is a sacred choral composition consisting of five sections? a) cantata b) mass c) oratorio d) art song Answer: b Page reference: Page 113 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 3) George Frederick Handel’s “Hallelujah Chorus” from Messiah is what form of music? a) art song b) mass c) oratorio d) cantata Answer: c Page reference: Page 113 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 4) What classical form of music uses chorus, vocal soloists and orchestra in a large scale setting a narrative text? a) oratorio b) cantata c) art song d) mass Answer: a Page reference: Page 113 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 5) This form of music was typified by the Lutheran Church of the Baroque period, often including chorales and organ accompaniment, exemplified by Johann Sebastian Bach.. a) oratorio

b) mass c) symphony d) cantata Answer: d Page reference: Page 113 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 6) The requiem mass is a special mass often comprising a musical program for a) a baptism b) a wedding ceremony c) the theater Answer: a Page reference: Page 113 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 7) This form of classical music grew out of the Romantic style of the nineteenth century having an emotional tendency. a) art song b) fugue c) cantata d) concerto Answer: a Page reference: Page 113 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 8) Franz Schubert’s “The Erlking” is an excellent example of this form of music. a) concerto b) symphony c) art song d) oratorio Answer: c Page reference: Page 114 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 9) In this form of music it is the listener’s task to remember the beginning theme and to follow it through the various manipulations that follow. a) fugue b) concerto c) symphony d) mass Answer: a Page reference: page 114 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 10) Bessie Smith (1894-1937) was a vocalist of this kind of music. a) blues

b) jazz c) fusion d) ragtime Answer: a Page reference: Page 115 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 11) In this form of classical music (from the Greek word for “a sounding together”) the composer explores the full dynamic and tonal range of the orchestral ensemble in a lengthy composition usually in four movements. a) concerto b) symphony c) fugue d) mass Answer: b Page reference: Page 114 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 12) This form of music blends elements from diverse musical cultures including West Africa, America and Europe. a) jazz b) blues c) fusion d) groove Answer: a Page reference: Page 115 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 13) New Orleans style music with a variety of substyles including swing, Dixieland and bebop is a form of a) blues b) groove c) jazz d) rock and roll Answer: c Page reference: Page 115 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 14) This form of music developed out of a variety of venues, including street, bars, brothels and dancehalls. a) jazz b) blues c) ragtime d) rap Answer: b Page reference: Page 115

A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities

15) African American pianist Scott Joplin (1868-1917) played this form of music. a) ragtime b) blues c) free jazz d) Response Answer: a Page reference: Page 115 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 16) This form of popular music grew out of a dramatic confrontation to the smooth character of music dating back the mid-nineteenth century. a) jazz b) rap c) groove d) rock and roll Answer: d Page reference: Page 116 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 17) This form of popular music grew from an increased impatience with progress toward equality among black Americans in the 1990’s. a) rap b) rock and roll c) blues d) jazz Answer: a Page reference: Page 116 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 18) In a musical composition a notation of pianissimo indicates what kind of dynamic level? a) loud b) very soft c) very loud d) moderately soft Answer: b Page reference: Page 117 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 19) The well-known song “Do-Re-Mi” is an arrangement of pitches defined as a) tone b) timbre c) scale d) rhythm

Answer: c Page reference: Page 117 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 20) The MIDI (musical instrument digital interface) became an important development in what kind of music? a) electronic b) orchestral c) rock and roll d) rap Answer: a Page reference: Page 119 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 21) This musical element consists of beat, meter and tempo. a) melody b) harmony c) rhythm d) texture Answer: c Page reference: Page119 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 22) What element of music is defined when two or more tones sound at the same time? a) harmony b) melody c) rhythm d) beat Answer: a Page reference: Page 120 A-Head: 23) Monophony, polyphony, and homophony describe what musical element? a) harmony b) rhythm c) tone d) texture Answer: d Page reference: Page 122 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 24) This style of opera treated theme, characters, and events from life in a down-to-earth fashion. a) verismo b) buffa c) comique d) operetta

Answer: a Page reference: Page 124 A-Head: Sense Stimuli 25) Mozart’s The Marriage of Figaro is an example of what type of opera? a) comique b) buffa c) grand d) seria Answer: b Page reference: Page 125 A-Head: Sense Stimuli

Essay Questions 26) Explain the elements of rhythm.

27) Compare the different treatment of dynamics in “Han Ya Xi Shui” with that of Claude Debussy’s “Clair de Lune.” How are they different?

28) Describe tone color (timbre) in music. Identify three instruments and the tone colors they produce.

29) Describe the four basic types of opera. Give an example of each.

30) Explain how Hildegard of Bingen’s “O Viridissima Virga” illustrates freedom from strict metrical development.

Reality Through the Arts Chapter FIVE: LITERATURE Multiple Choice Questions 1) Traditionally, literature falls into which of the following two categories? a) poetry and prose b) fiction and nonfiction c) historical and sentimental d) utilitarian and creative Answer: d Page reference: Page 129 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 2) What form of literature emanates from the author’s imagination? a) nonfiction b) drama c) comedy d) fiction Answer: d Page reference: page 130 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 3) What form of fiction is best described as evoking an atmosphere of mystery and terror? a) Gothic b) Picaresque c) Psychological d) Sentimental Answer: a Page reference: Page 130 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 4) Jane Austen’s novel Pride and Prejudice (1813) is what classification of fiction? a) picaresque b) manners c) historical d) psychological Answer: b Page reference: Page 130 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 5) A fable differs from a folktale due to what element? a) morality b) sexuality c) psychology

d) epistolary Answer: a Page reference: Page 131 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 6) Greek poet, Aesop, is best known for writing what kind of short stories? a) folklore b) prose c) fables d) manners Answer: c Page reference: a A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 7) What literature form is divided into three major types: narrative, dramatic and lyric? a) poetry b) prose c) nonfiction d) sonnet Answer: a Page reference: Page 132 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 8) A ballad is different from an epic poem in that it is a) longer b) dramatic c) sung d) romantic Answer: c Page reference: Page 132 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 9) Chaucer’s Canterbury tales is what form of poetry? a) epic b) narrative c) lyric d) dramatic Answer: b Page reference: Page 132 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 10) What form of poetry was originally meant to be sung, creating an intense impression of the personal emotion of the poet? a) lyric b) dramatic c) sonnet

d) narrative Answer: a Page reference: page 132 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 11) Petrarchan and Shakespearean literature represent what form of poetry? a) narrative b) dramatic c) monologue d) sonnet Answer: d Page reference: Page 134 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 12) What form of literature is based on fact rather than imagination? a) nonfiction b) fiction c) poetry d) manners Answer: a Page reference: Page 134 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 13) Sacred scriptures are what form of literature? a) fiction b) biography c) poetry d) nonfiction Answer: d Page reference: Page 135 A-Head: a 14) This form of literature includes accounts of the lives of saints and other religious figure. a) sonnet b) hagiography c) biography d) nonfiction novel Answer: b Page reference: Page 135 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities

15) From The Vedas, Hymn 1: Agni, is an example of what form of literature? a) sacred scriptures b) essay c) biography

d) hagiography Answer: a Page reference: page 137 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 16) First person singular, third person singular and third person omniscient describe what technical device used in fiction? a) character b) theme c) point of view d) plot Answer: c Page reference: Page 137 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 17) In literature, what term is used to define the structure of work and also creates unity? a) theme b) denouement c) tone d) plot Answer: d Page reference: Page 138 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 18) In literature, what term is used to describe the overriding idea of a work that also shapes the other elements? a) theme b) character c) plot d) symbol Answer: a Page reference: Page 138 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 19) In poetry, this term refers to the flow of sounds through accents and syllables. a) imagery b) rhythm c) metaphor d) hyperbole Answer: b Page reference: Page 140 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 20) The use of language to take words beyond their literal meaning? a) figures b) imagery

c) rhythm d) symbol Answer: a Page reference: Page 141 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 21) Frequently occurring in love poetry, this literary device refers to intentional exaggeration for emphasis or comic effect. a) hyperbole b) personification c) allegory d) metaphor Answer: a Page reference: Page 141 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 22) What form of nonfiction takes basic stories and expands them for illustrative purposes and to create interest? a) speech b) drama c) biography d) anecdote Answer: d Page reference: Page 143 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 23) In poetry, when a word is used without change or extension of meaning. a) literal b) figurative c) metaphor d) accentual Answer: a Page reference: Page 140 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 24) Typically this form of nonfiction tells a story usually involving conflicts and emotions through action and dialogue. a) biography b) drama c) character essay d) familiar essay Answer: b Page reference: Page 137 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 25) In poetry, a form of sound structure that repeats an initial sound for effect.

a) alliteration b) assonance c) consonance d) rhyme Answer: a Page reference: Page 142 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities

26) In poetry, a form of sound structure that uses a similarity among vowels but not consonants. a) assonance b) consonance c) rhyme d) alliteration Answer: a Page reference: Page 142 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities

Essay Questions 27) Compare dramatic poetry to narrative poetry. Include an example of each.

28) Explain the difference between Petrachan (Italian) and Shakespearean (English) lyric poetry.

Provide an example of each type.

29) List the varieties of meter in poetic rhythm. Include a poem that exemplifies one of the types of meter.

30) Discuss the theme and imagery of Phillis Wheatley’s poem On Virtue.

31) Explain the use of allegory in Christina Rosetti’s poem, Uphill (1858).

32) Discuss Alice Walker’s contribution to American literature? What novel best supports her contribution?

Reality Through the Arts Chapter SIX: THEATRE Multiple Choice Questions 1) Oedipus the King by Sophocles is a well-known example of what genre of theatre? a) comedy b) tragedy c) melodrama d) tragicomedy Answer: b Page reference: page 148 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 2) In Greek Classical theatre what is the term for the character defect that causes classical heroes to contribute to their own downfall. a) tragic flaw b) self-realization c) denouement d) discovery Answer: a Page reference: Page 148 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 3) This genre of theatre generates amusement and excitement through an intricate plot of reversals with artificial, contrived situation. a) tragicomedy b) romantic comedy c) comedy of intrigue d) melodrama Answer: c Page reference: Page 149 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 4) This kind of theatrical production first appeared in the late eighteenth century when dialogue took place against a musical background. a) melodrama b) tragicomedy c) Performance Art d) comedy of manners Answer: a Page reference: page 149 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 5) The theatrical production of Harriet Beecher Stowe’s Uncle Tom’s Cabin is an example of

a) tragicomedy b) romantic comedy c) melodrama d) tragedy Answer: c Page reference: Page 149 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 6) Designed as critiques of consumerist culture, these Performance Art pieces grew out of the Pop Art movement of the 1960’s. a) happenings b) sentimental comedy c) comedy of manners d) reversals Answer: a Page reference: Page 149 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 7) The written document which contains the dialogue used by the actors. a) plot b) script c) exposition d) discovery Answer: b Page reference: Page 150 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 8) The language device used by playwrights to convey a character’s inner thoughts. a) diaries b) scripts c) monologues d) exposition Answer: c Page reference: Page 150 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 9) The ultimate crisis in a play. a) climax b) denouement c) resolution d) plot Answer: a Page reference: Page 150 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 10) The theatrical element that provides necessary background information.

a) plot b) exposition c) script d) foreshadowing Answer: b Page reference: Page 151 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 11) This theatrical element is the middle part of the play and consists of a series of conflicts and decisions. a) denouement b) foreshadowing c) complication d) discovery Answer: c Page reference: Page 151 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 12) This theatrical element moves the play forward by pointing toward events that will occur later. a) inciting incident b) discovery c) point of attack d) foreshadowing Answer: d Page reference: Page 151 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 13) The central personage in a play. a) antagonist b) foil c) protagonist d) playwright Answer: c Page reference: Page152 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 14) This type of theatre arrangement puts the audience around the playing area on all sides. a) arena b) mise-en-scene c) thrust d) island Answer: a Page reference: Page 153 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities

15) The mental and physical separation of the audience from the acting area. a) arena b) island stage c) aesthetic distance d) organic theory Answer: c Page reference: Page 153 A-Head: A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities

16) Theatrical arrangement most widely used in contemporary productions that places the audience on only one side, viewing the action through a frame. a) proscenium b) arena c) theatre-in-the-round d) thrust Answer: a Page reference: Page 153 A-Head: A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities

17) The single, basic motivation of a character in a play from which all decisions arise. a) objective b) spine c) lifelikeness d) theatricality Answer: b Page reference: Page 158 A-Head: A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities

18) According to Aristotle, this is one of the attributes of tragedy. a) resolution b) catharsis c) empathy d) stimulation Answer: b Page reference: Page 160 A-Head: Sense Stimuli 19) The term used to describe our reaction to and involvement with what we experience in a theatrical production. a) resolution b) aural stimuli c) empathy

d) catharsis Answer: c Page reference: Page 160 A-Head: Sense Stimuli 20) Poetic language in a theatrical production indicates a) the plot b) less realism c) complication d) the context Answer: b Page reference: Page 150 A-Head: Sense Stimuli 21) What production element reveals information about characters, their personalities, relationships and feelings? a) exposition b) plot c) discovery d) script Answer: c Page reference: Page 151 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 22) That element of a theatrical production that is the final resolution. a) discovery b) denouement c) exposition d) plot Answer: b Page reference: Page 151 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 23) The main channel of communication between the playwright and the audience. a) actors b) script c) dialogue d) soliloquy Answer: a Page reference: Page 158 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 24) By creating sunlight, moonlight to help the audience experience time and place, lighting design creates one of the following: a) selective visibility b) rhythm

c) illusion and motivation d) structure Answer: c Page reference: Page 155 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 25) The actors’ voices, background music, and other production sounds are called a) dynamics b) aural elements c) scene design d) lifelikeness Answer: b Page reference: Page 155 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities Essay Questions 26) Describe the three types of theatre arrangements.

27) Explain the importance of lighting design in theatrical performance.

28) What are the three functions of costume design?

29) Describe the hypothetical dynamic and structural development of a three-act play.

30) In what ways does a director control the dynamics of a play?

Reality Through the Arts Chapter SEVEN: CINEMA Multiple Choice Questions 1) What art form is described as aesthetic communication through the design of time and threedimensional space compressed into a two-dimensional image? a) theatre b) painting c) cinema d) literature Answer: c Page reference: Page 165 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 2) A classification of film that attempts to record actuality using primarily either a sociological or a journalistic approach. a) avant-garde b) documentary c) narrative d) biography Answer: b Page reference: Page 166 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 3) Film that tells no story but exists solely as movement or form and rarely exceeds twelve minutes in length. a) documentary b) narrative c) persistence of vision d) avant-garde Answer: d Page reference: page 166 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 4) In film, this person serves the function of converting the mise-en-scene from threedimensional to two-dimensional space. a) director b) actor c) lighting designer d) set designer Answer: a Page reference: Page 167 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities

5) According to this theory, whoever controls the mise-en-scene is the true author of the film. a) absolute b) aesthetics c) auteur d) avant garde Answer: c Page reference: page 167 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 6) A technique of editing that breaks the continuity of time by moving forward from one part of the action to another. a) jump cut b) montage c) synthesize d) viewpoint Answer: a Page reference: Page 167 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 7) An editing technique in cinema that includes a rapid succession of images or a compression or elongation of time. a) jump cut b) form cut c) montage d) juxtaposition Answer: c Page reference: Page 167 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 8) The basic unit of filmmaking that the camera records over time. a) montage b) shot c) frame d) bridging Answer: b Page reference: Page 168 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 9) In cinema, this camera viewpoint is roughly analogous to the third-person narrative in literature. a) subjective b) long shot c) objective d) establishing shot Answer: c Page reference: Page 168

A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 10) In filmmaking, a transition device where a scene fades out into black and the next scene fades in. a) dissolve b) jump cut c) wipe d) cut Answer: a Page reference: Page 170 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 11) In filmmaking, a form of optical transition in which an invisible line moves across the screen, eliminating one shot and revealing the next. a) wipe b) lap dissolve c) fade d) jump cut Answer: a Page reference: Page 170 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 12) In filmmaking, the camera rotates horizontally while keeping it fixed vertically. a) tilt b) track c) zoom d) pan Answer: d Page reference: Page 170 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 13) A filmmaking technique in which natural or outdoor lighting is used and the camera is handheld, while the film appears unsteady. a) cinema-verite b) visual variety c) framing d) jump cut Answer: a Page reference: Page 170 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 14) In filmmaking when the main object of interest stays clear while the remainder of the scene blurs of focus. a) rack b) track c) zoom

d) crosscutting Answer: a Page reference: Page 170 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 15) A filmmaking technique that alters between two separate actions related by theme, mood, or plot to create suspense. a) jump cut b) juxtaposition c) crosscutting d) dolly shot Answer: c Page reference: Page 172 A-Head: Sense Stimuli 16) A filmmaking method to draw attention in which the actors look or talk into the camera. a) crosscut b) direct address c) jump cut d) camera look Answer: b Page reference: Page 172 A-Head: Sense Stimuli 17) In filmmaking a nonsynchronous spoken commentary often used to convey a character’s thoughts. a) voiceover b) soundtrack c) monologue d) direct address Answer: a Page reference: Page 176 A-Head: Sense Stimuli 18) In filmmaking, a single shot of an entire piece of action, taken to facilitate the assembly of the film in the editing process. a) viewpoint b) master shot c) establishing shot d) long shot Answer: b Page reference: Page 168 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 19) Fictional film that tells a story.

a) narrative b) documentary c) absolute d) avant garde Answer: a Page reference: Page 166 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 20) Sergei M. Eisenstein’s film Battleship Potemkin is one of the most influential films ever made due in part because it added this new dimension to film language: a) camera angle b) long shots c) montage editing d) bridging shot Answer: c Page reference: Page 169 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 21) The viewpoint in filmmaking in which the scene unfolds as if the audience were actually participating in it. a) objective b) subjective c) long range d) short range Answer: b Page reference: Page 169 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 22) In film, this term refers to how the visual materials are staged, framed, and photographed. a) juxtaposition b) objective c) mise-en-scene d) subjective Answer: c Page reference: page 167 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 23) The quality of a film that enables it to be cut, spliced, and ordered according to the desires of the filmmaker. a) plasticity b) depth of perception c) complexity d) practicable Answer: a Page reference: Page 167 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities

24) According to Louis Giannetti, this term refers to the voyeuristic aspect of cinema. a) the gaze b) viewpoint c) angle d) zoom Answer: a Page reference: Page 171 A-Head: Sense Stimuli 25) A transitional device in filmmaking created by closing or opening the aperture of the camera lens. a) zoom b) iris in/iris out c) lap dissolve d) differential focus Answer: b Page reference: Page 170 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities Essay Questions 26) What is persistence of vision?

27) How does the filmmaker address tension build up and release in the film Jaws?

28) Explain the use of structural rhythm in filmmaking. Include a specific example.

29) Discuss “the gaze” as it relates to viewpoint in film.

30) Explain the filmmaking technique of crosscutting.

Reality Through the Arts Chapter EIGHT: DANCE Multiple Choice Questions 1) Classical or formal dance. a) ballet b) folk c) jazz d) modern Answer: a Page reference: Page 179 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 2) This form of dance began as a revolt against the stylized and tradition-bound elements of ballet. a) jazz b) ritual c) modern d) world Answer: c Page reference: Page 179 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 3) What is the basic principle of modern dance? a) conventionalized and specified movement b) natural and uninhibited movement c) ceremonial functions d) cultural communication Answer: b Page reference: Page 179 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 4) World dance typically centers on what topics. a) twentieth-century ideals b) human gesture heightened into meaningful patterns c) enjoyment and entertainment d) religion, moral values and historical information Answer: d Page reference: Page 179 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 5) What dance form is performed to traditional music, prescribed movements, and traditional costume? a) folk

b) jazz c) world/ritual d) ballet Answer: a Page reference: Page 180 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 6) From where does jazz dance trace its origins? a) Cuba b) Guyana c) Africa d) Sao Paolo Answer: c Page reference: Page 180 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 7) Jazz dance relies heavily on a) patterned rhythms b) improvisation and syncopation c) prescribed movements and actions d) formalized, narrative elements Answer: b Page reference: Page 180 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 8) The “acting out” of dramatic action without words. a) pantomime b) thematic c) rhythmic d) emotional Answer: a Page reference: Page 185 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 9) The artist who creates a dance and plans the movements of the dancer. a) director b) choreographer c) producer d) auteur Answer: b Page reference: Page 183 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 10) The choreography of Akram Khan bridges the techniques of Western Modern dance and what other culture? a) Bali

b) Bangladesh c) Kathak d) Islam Answer: c Page reference: Page 185 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 11) Modern ballet—twentieth century ballet—has dealt increasingly with what kinds of ideas? a) abstract b) narrative c) mimetic d) rhythmic Answer: a Page reference: page 185 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 12) When a dance is absent of any narrative or abstract communication, what is it called? a) informal b) historical c) mimetic d) divertissement Answer: d Page reference: Page 186 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 13) What kinds of patterns are formed when the action of a dancer’s body has some relationship in time to every other movement? a) tonal b) formal c) linear d) rhythmic Answer: d Page reference: 186 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 14) One of the principal differences between forma ballet and modern dances lies in the use of the a) costumes b) props c) dance floor d) foot gear Answer: c Page reference: Page 186 15) In dance, horizontal lines stimulate a sense of a) calm

b) anxiety c) remorse d) movement Answer: a Page reference: Page 189 A-Head: Sense Stimuli 16) The visual elements supporting a dance work, including settings, lighting, and costumes. a) choreography b) mise-en-scene c) principles d) dynamic structure Answer: b Page reference: Page 186 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities 17) In ballet all movements evolve from this basic “open” position. a) first b) on point c) ronds de jambe d) demi-hauteur Answer: a Page reference: Page 181 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities

18) Modern dance pioneer. a) George Balanchine b) Martha Graham c) Merce Cunningham d) Akram Khan Answer: b Page reference: page 188 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities

19) In dance, how is the principal means of the expression of mood communicated? a) costume b) color c) symbols d) sets Answer: b Page reference: Page 189 A-Head: Sense Stimuli

20) In dance, the human body acts as a) series of repetitive movements b) patterns and symbols of meaning c) sculptural, three-dimensional form d) mimetic movement Answer: c Page reference: Page 182 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities

21) What is the primary goal of the lighting designer for dance? a) creating maximum three-dimensionality in the dancers b) putting strong emphasis on the sets c) illuminating the dancers’ faces d) creating saturated colors Answer: a Page reference: Page 187 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities

22) Dance appeals to our senses through what compositional qualities? a) balance and unity b) repetition and rhythm c) line and form d) pattern and symbols Answer: c Page reference: Page 189 A-Head: Sense Stimuli 23) It is impossible to have dance without what element of music? a) melody b) rhythm c) harmony d) repetition Answer: b Page reference: Page 186 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities

24) What dance form is based having ceremonial functions, formal characteristics, and that may never be performed in public? a) sacred b) traditional c) ritual d) folk Answer: c

Page reference: Page 179 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities

25) One of the most significant elements of the dance costume. a) tights b) footgear c) tutu d) hats Answer: b Page reference: Page 186 A-Head: Formal and Technical Qualities

Essay Questions 26) Compare ballet to ritual dance. What are the basic differences? Are there any similarities?

27) Explain why the work of the light designer is critical in dance.

28) Discuss why Martha Graham’s Appalachian Spring has become the most admired of her works.

29) What role does color play in dance?

30) What role does the choreographer play in dance.

Reality Through the Arts Chapter NINE: ANCIENT APPROACHES Multiple Choice Questions 1) When did humans begin to use symbols? a) one million years ago b) 50,000 B.C.E c) 100,000 B.C.E. d) 6,000 B.C.E. Answer: b Page reference: Page 192 A-Head: The Context 2) What was the earliest recognizable culture to emerge from the Middle East around 6000 B.C.E.? a) Sumer b) Hittite c) Assyrian d) Egyptian Answer: a Page reference: Page 193 A-Head: The Context 3) The Woman of Willendorf, (30,000-25,000 B.C.E.), the best-known female sculpture of this age, is from what period? a) Stone Age b) Paleolithic c) Old Testament d) Hellenic Answer: a Page reference: Page 194 A-Head: The Arts 4) What is the significance of the Lascaux cave paintings? a) lively color b) three-dimensionality c) quantity and quality d) highly detailed Answer: c Page reference: Page 195 A-Head: The Arts 5) The majority of surviving artworks from Mesopotamia prior to 3000 B.C.E. include which of the following?

a) cave paintings b) handheld sculpture c) bronze statues d) painted pots and stamp seals Answer: d Page reference: Page 196 A-Head: The Arts 6) This motif appears repeatedly in Sumerian art. a) scenes of sacrifice b) hunting c) the lioness and intertwined snakes d) battle Answer: c Page reference: Page 197 A-Head: The Arts 7) The term used to describe Sumerian writing. a) hieroglyphic b) cuneiform c) pictographs d) alphabetic Answer: b Page reference: Page 198 A-Head: The Arts 8) What is the oldest known story in the world dating from the seventh century B.C.E.? a) Code of Hammurabi b) Book of the Dead c) Gilgamesh d) Genesis Answer: c Page reference: Page 198 A-Head: The Arts 9) What provided the focus of much of Egyptian art? a) power of the pharaohs b) everlasting life in the hereafter c) seasons and cycles of nature d) vivacity and humor of daily life Answer: b Page reference: Page 203 A-Head: The Arts 10) The most remarkable edifices of Egyptian culture around 2700 B.C.E. a) pyramids of Giza

b) Great Sphinx c) temple at Luxor d) Theban rock tombs Answer: a Page reference: Page 204 A-Head: The Arts 11) What vital function did the ancient Egyptian pyramids serve? a) religious ceremonies b) luxurious palaces c) places of worship d) a tomb for pharaohs Answer: d Page reference: Page 204 A-Head: The Arts 12) What style of painting adorns the walls of the tomb of Nefertari-mi-en-Mat (c. 1290-1229)? a) haut relief b) low relief c) fresco d) three-dimensional Answer: b Page reference: Page 206 A-Head: The Arts 13) What Egyptian literature contains spells or magic formulas to protect the deceased in afterlife? a) The Papyrus Of Ani b) Hymn to the Aton c) Book of Going Forth by Day d) The Psalter Answer: c Page reference: Page 207 A-Head: The Arts 14) The Temple of Solomon primarily served this function. a) house of God b) place for worship c) tomb d) ceremonial rites Answer: a Page reference: The Arts 15) The word “bible” takes its name from which city that exported papyrus reed used in the ancient world for making books? a) Athens

b) Troy c) Byblos d) Sparta Answer: c Page reference: Page 209 A-Head: The Arts 16) This text forms the hymnal of ancient Israel. a) Psalter b) Holy Bible c) Torah d) Masoretic Answer: a Page reference: Page 210 A-Head: The Arts 17) What two types of bronzes were created by China’s earliest dynasty? a) portraits of rulers b) tools c) weapons and ceremonial vessels d) animal forms Answer: c Page reference: Page 211 A-Head: The Arts 18) An artistic innovation of the Chinese Shang dynasty a) stone sculpture in high relief b) weaving c) architecture d) pottery Answer: a Page reference: Page 212 A-Head: The Arts 19) The earliest identifiable art in Mexico comes from what culture? a) Olmec b) Mayan c) Aztec d) Incan Answer: a Page reference: Page 213 A-Head: The Arts 20) The period in Ancient Greece from approximately 800 to 480 B.C.E. a) Classical b) Archaic

c) Hellenistic d) Dynastic Answer: b Page reference: Page 215 A-Head: The Arts 21) Ancient Greek sculpture of the Archaic style that focus on physicality and athleticism of youth. a) torso b) kouros c) attic d) colossal Answer: b Page reference: Page 215 A-Head: The Arts 22) Ancient Greek philosophy that music had ethical powers and could affect character. a) doctrine of ethos b) golden mean c) Stoicism d) Sophistry Answer: a Page reference: Page 216 A-Head: The Arts 23) The Hebrew book of law. a) Psalter b) Genesis c) Leviticus d) Torah Answer: d Page reference: Page 210 A-Head: The Arts 24) What did Homer’s Iliad and Odyssey create for the Greeks? a) hero worship b) historic heritage c) folklore d) battlefield strategy Answer: b Page reference: Page 217 A-Head: The Arts 25) Greek writer, Aesop, marks the onset of what Western tradition? a) folktales b) epic poems

c) fables d) drama Answer: c Page reference: Page 217 A-Head: The Arts Essay Questions 26) Why is Sumerian writing different from other early cultures?

27) Compare the Assyrian ziggurat with the Egyptian pyramid. What is the basic difference?

28) What do the mask of Tutankhamen and the bust of Nefertiti have in common?

29) What is the doctrine of ethos?

30) Discuss the importance of the Homer’s epic poems, Iliad and Odyssey as they relate to Greek history.

Reality Through the Arts Chapter TEN: ARTISTIC REFLECTIONS IN THE PRE-MODERN WORLD Multiple Choice Questions 1) Where did Roman culture turn to for inspiration in art? a) Greek Classicism b) Greek Hellenism c) Greek Stoicism d) Greek Sophistry Answer: a Page reference: Page 220 A-Head: The Context 2) The fall of Rome moved Europe into what period in history? a) Romanesque b) Medieval c) Gothic d) Carolingian Answer: b Page reference: Page 220 A-Head: The Context 3) When Rome fell to the Goths in 476 C.E. the arts and learning of the classical world were preserved and nurtured in this Middle East city. a) Constantinople b) Baghdad c) Mecca d) Jerusalem Answer: a Page reference: Page 220 A-Head: The Context 4) During the period of the Middle Ages, who assumed the responsibility for transmitting much of the classical knowledge of the ancient world? a) Christians b) Muslims c) Buddhists d) Romans Answer: b Page reference: Page 221 A-Head: The Context 5) The first and greatest professional teacher and philosopher in China living almost 1,000 years before Muhammad 500 years before Christ.

a) Buddha b) Brahman c) Confucius d) Allah Answer: c Page reference: Page 221 A-Head: The Context 6) An artistic style dating to the fifth-century B.C.E. Greece and exhibiting simplicity, clarity of structure, and appeal to the intellect. a) Romanticism b) Hellenism c) Classicism d) Humanism Answer: c Page reference: Page 223 A-Head: The Arts 7) What artistic style and cultural perspective represents idealized perfection rather than real life? a) Baroque b) Classical c) Romantic d) Buddhist Answer: b Page reference: Page 223 A-Head: The Arts 8) In this characteristic style of Greek Classical sculpture, the body’s weight rests on one leg thereby shifting the hip/shoulder axis and resulting in a subtle play of curves. a) hieratic b) canon c) golden proportion d) contrapposto Answer: d Page reference: Page 224 A-Head: The Arts 9) A distinctive feature of Greek dramas, portraying the dual function in the same play as narrator and character, responding to the actors. a) orchestra b) protagonist c) antagonist d) chorus Answer: d Page reference: Page 226

A-Head: The Arts 10) The greatest temple built by the Greeks and the prototype for all Classical buildings. a) Parthenon b) Acropolis c) Pantheon d) Olympian Answer: a Page reference: Page 228 A-Head: The Arts 11) Greek lyric poet, Pindar, is known for writing what form of poetry? a) drama b) tragedy c) choral ode d) comedy Answer: c Page reference: Page 228 A-Head: The Arts 12) What Greek style is typified by characteristics that are less formal, more realistic and more emotional than the Classical style? a) Hellenistic b) Archaic c) Olympian d) Idealism Answer: a Page reference: Page 230 A-Head: The Arts 13) Roman sculpture is largely influenced by what culture? a) Sumerian b) Mesopotamian c) Egyptian d) Greek Answer: d Page reference: Page 230 A-Head: The Arts 14) What epic poem tells the story of the founding of Rome? a) Isthmian Odes b) Agamemnon c) Aeneid d) Iliad Answer: c Page reference: Page 232

A-Head: The Arts

15) In this literary form the correspondent raises a series of questions and then answers them. a) diatribe b) satire c) ode d) poem Answer: a Page reference: Page 233 A-Head: The Arts 16) The use of this material by Roman architects made possible aesthetical and practical applications impossible for the Greeks. a) bronze b) concrete c) iron d) tile Answer: b Page reference: Page 233 A-Head: The Arts 17) The most significant characteristic of typical Roman architectural style. a) dome b) arch c) post and lintel d) columns Answer: b Page reference: Page 234 A-Head: The Arts 18) Medieval music that consists of Gregorian chant and an additional melodic line. a) organum b) polyphony c) mass ordinary d) plainchant Answer: a Page reference: Page 237 A-Head: The Arts 19) From the eleventh to the end of the thirteenth century a class of lyric-poet-musicians chiefly in southern France, northern Italy, and northern Spain. a) monks b) troubadours c) knights d) romantics

Answer: b Page reference: Page 237 A-Head: The Arts 20) Medieval vaulted architecture that preceded the Gothic pointed arch. a) Romanesque b) Hellenistic c) Imperial d) Classical Answer: a Page reference: Page 237 A-Head: The Arts 21) Chinese secular painting emphasized what specific themes? a) human events b) historic events c) landscapes d) gods and goddesses Answer: c Page reference: Page 257 A-Head: The Arts 22) The Song of Roland from France is a major literary accomplishment from what era? a) Middle Ages b) Renaissance c) Hellenism d) Romantic Answer: a Page reference: Page 239 A-Head: The Arts 23) The earliest extant poem in a modern European language. a) The Song of Roland b) The Divine Comedy c) Beowulf d) The Mirror of Simple Souls Answer: c Page reference: Page 239 A-Head: The Arts 24) Gothic poet whose poems of courtly love and female heroism championed women. a) Geoffrey Chaucer b) Hildegard of Bingen c) Bernat de Ventadorn d) Christine de Pisan Answer: d

Page reference: Page 240 A-Head: The Arts 25) The Gothic style of two-dimensional art found magnificent expression in what form? a) fresco paintings b) altar panels c) manuscript illuminations d) stained glass Answer: c Page reference: Page 241 A-Head: The Arts 26) This architectural style was a physical extension of a philosophy of Light Divine by Abbot Suger. a) Romanesque b) Gothic c) Renaissance d) High Gothic Answer: b Page reference: Page 241 A-Head: The Arts

27) Unlike Western buildings the stupa does not include this element. a) interior b) gateway c) dome d) carved figures Answer: a Page reference: Page 258 A-Head: The Arts

28) During the first millennium B.C.E. the Nok style in Nigeria first appeared in what form? a) clay pottery b) iron weapons c) carved tools d) terracotta sculpture Answer: d Page reference: Page 263 A-Head: The Arts

29) The intent of this artistic style is to create social and spiritual distinction and some distance between the viewer and the image, dealing with proportions. a) hieratic

b) hierarchical c) totemic d) stoic Answer: a Page reference: Page 248 A-Head: The Arts 30) The highest form of all art in Islamic society. a) calligraphy b) architecture c) mosaics d) sacred scripture Answer: a Page reference: Page 251 A-Head: The Arts Essay Questions 31) Explain contrapposto.

32) Compare Polyclitus, Doryphorus (Lance Bearer) to Praxiteles, Cnidian Aphrodite. What are the most significance differences?

33) Explain why the sculpture Nike of Samothrace is considered Hellenistic style.

34) How do the sculptures of Imperial Roman Classicism differ from Greek Classicism?

35) What is a stupa and how does it compare to Western architecture?

36) How do the plays of Euripides differ from those of Sophocles or Aeschylus?

37) Explain the meaning of the Surah 4 (“The Women”) from the Qur’an.

Reality Through the Arts Chapter ELEVEN: ARTISTIC STYLES IN THE EMERGING MODERN WORLD Multiple Choice Questions 1) In Europe the period from around 1400 to 1550 seen explicitly as a rebirth in the arts and an imitation of the classics. a) Renaissance b) Idealism c) Humanism d) Enlightenment Answer: a Page reference: Page 268 A-Head: 2) The concept that supplanted the medieval view of life as a vale of tears, with no purpose other than preparing for salvation and the afterlife, with a more liberating ideal of people playing important roles in this world. a) absolutism b) Protestantism c) humanism d) Reformation Answer: c Page reference: 268 A-Head: The Context 3) The early Renaissance found its beginning in this wealthy city-state a) Rome b) Florence c) Athens d) Paris Answer: b Page reference: Page 270 A-Head: The Arts 4) Botticelli’s painting, La Primavera, uses this form of symbolism to equate Venus with the Virgin Mary. a) metaphor b) allegory c) hyperbole d) personification Answer: b Page reference: Page 272 A-Head: The Arts

5) The universal literary guide of am artistically ordered society in which cultivated Italians regard social living as fine art providing a model of Renaissance society. a) Orlando Furioso b) Sonnet XVI c) The Book of the Courtier d) A Modest Proposal Answer: c Page reference: Page 273 A-Head: The Arts 6) The Last Supper by Leonardo da Vinci is an example of what technique? a) sfumato b) realism c) fresco d) formalism Answer: a Page reference: Page 277 A-Head: The Arts 7) Perhaps the most dominant artist of the High Renaissance. a) Raphael b) Leonardo da Vinci c) Michelangelo d) Botticelli Answer: c Page reference: Page 278 A-Head: The Arts 8) What style of art from the sixteenth century is characterized by odd proportioned forms, icy stares, and a subjective viewpoint? a) High Renaissance b) Mannerism c) Flemish d) Northern Renaissance Answer: b Page reference: Page 282 A-Head: The Arts 9) The development of this media gave Flemish painters new opportunities to vary surface texture, blend colors, and create brilliance. a) egg tempera b) oil paint c) acrylic d) gouache Answer: b Page reference: Page 283

A-Head: The Arts 10) This work of art demonstrates a medieval preoccupation with superstition, famine, fear and death that typify German art of this period. a) The Tempest b) The Calling of Saint Matthew c) The Night Watch d) The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse Answer: d Page reference: Page 285 A-Head: The Arts 11) William Shakespeare, Christopher Marlowe and Ben Jonson are playwrights of what English period? a) Renaissance b) Gothic c) Baroque d) Enlightenment Answer: a Page reference: Page 286 A-Head: The Arts 12) This style of art emphasizes color and grandeur with dramatic use of lights and darks that carries the viewer’s eye off the canvas. a) Mannerism b) Renaissance c) Baroque d) Impressionism Answer: c Page reference: Page 289 A-Head: The Arts 13) The most significant of the Roman Baroque painters. a) Michelangelo b) Caravaggio c) Raphael d) Rubens Answer: b Page reference: Page 289 A-Head: The Arts 14) The painting, Henry IV Receiving the Portrait of Maria de’Medici, by Peter Paul Rubens exemplifies what style of painting. a) Romanticism b) Realism c) Baroque

d) Impressionism Answer: c Page reference: Page 291 A-Head: The Arts 15) Rembrandt’s Night Watch focuses on a) implication and emotion b) odd proportions c) subjective viewpoints d) psychological expressions Answer: a Page reference: Page 292 A-Head: The Arts 16) The long tradition of Dutch flower painting reached its apex in the career of this artist. a) Albrecht Durer b) Rembrandt c) Rachel Ruysch d) Sophonisba Anguissola Answer: c Page reference: Page 293 A-Head: The Arts 17) Love, sentiment, pleasure and sincerity are predominant themes in this style of the eighteenth century. a) Baroque b) Rococo c) Romanticism d) Neoclassicism Answer: b Page reference: Page 298 A-Head: The Arts 18) What style of painting sought to inspire patriotism and democracy illustrating the newly perceived grandeur of antiquity? a) Neoclassicism b) Realism c) Classicism d) Baroque Answer: a Page reference: Page 300 A-Head: The Arts 19) Thomas Jefferson built Monticello influenced by what architectural structure? a) Greek temple b) Roman temple

c) Gothic cathedral d) Islamic mosque Answer: b Page reference: Page 302 A-Head: The Arts 20) The most famous of all Indian architectural accomplishments. a) Taj Mahal b) Pampati Temple c) Machu Picchu d) Great Stupa Answer: a Page reference: Page 310 A-Head: The Arts 21) Japanese theatre of the seventeenth century that focuses on a climactic moment. a) Noh b) Imari c) Kabuki d) Zen Answer: c Page reference: Page 313 A-Head: The Arts 22) Incan architecture exhibited strong engineering techniques and fine masonry exemplified by this city. a) Agra b) Tenochtitlan c) Machu Picchu d) Cuzco Answer: c Page reference: Page 316 A-Head: The Arts 23) Satirical essay by Jonathan Swift which mocks pomposity. a) Gulliver’s Travels b) A Modest Proposal c) Death Be Not Proud d) Robinson Crusoe Answer: b Page reference: Page 305 A-Head: The Arts 24) Cervantes’s classic literary work of the fifteenth century is one of the most widely read classics in Western literature. a) Don Quixote

b) Doctor Faustus c) Inferno d) Much Ado About Nothing Answer: a Page reference: Page 297 A-Head: The Arts 25) The magnificence, grandeur and absolutism of Baroque architecture are exemplified in this building. a) Taj Mahal b) Monticello c) Pantheon d) Palace of Versailles Answer: d Page reference: Page 294 A-Head: The Arts Essay Questions 26) Explain how the rebirth of arts in the fifteenth century is linked with world exploration at the same time.

27) What is linear perspective? Provide an example in your explanation.

28) Compare the architecture of the Pantheon with that of the Florence dome.

29) Explain Rajput style painting.

30) What are the stylistic differences between Michelangelo’s David, Raphael’s David, and Bernini’s David? Include personal responses to each.

Reality Through the Arts Chapter TWELVE: ARTISTRY IN AN AGE OF INDUSTRY Multiple Choice Questions 1) Eighteenth century philosophy that emphasized imagination, free expression, feeling, communion with nature, and the idea of the creative artist as visionary genius. a) Romanticism b) Realism c) Neoclassicism d) Impressionism Answer: a Page reference: Page 321 A-Head: The Context 2) One of the most significant and prominent women artists of the Romantic period who painted Plowing in the Ninervais. a) Berthe Morisot b) Mary Cassatt c) Rosa Bonheur d) Susan Rothenberg Answer: c Page reference: Page 322 A-Head: The Arts 3) English Romantic author of Frankenstein. a) John Keats b) Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley c) Percy Bysshe Shelley d) Lord Byron Answer: b Page reference: Page 324 A-Head: The Arts 4) The earliest and perhaps the most important musical composer of Leider. a) Richard Wagner b) Frederic Chopin c) Franz Schubert d) Franz Liszt Answer: c Page reference: Page 326 A-Head: The Arts 5) Popular Romantic composer with his 1812 Overture. a) Franz Liszt

b) Johannes Brahms c) Peter Tchaikovsky d) Richard Wagner Answer: c Page reference: Page 329 A-Head: The Arts 6) A musical theme that is tied to an idea, a person, or an object as typified by the works of Richard Wagner. a) bel canto b) Leitmotif c) choral d) symphonic poem Answer: b Page reference: Page 330 A-Head: The Arts 7) The most famous of all Romantic ballets in which a mortal falls in love with a supernatural being. a) The Daughter of Pharoah b) The Revolt in the Harem c) La Sylphide d) Swan Lake Answer: c Page reference: Page 332 A-Head: The Arts 8) Eastern influence and whimsy abound in this Romantic architectural design by John Nash. a) Crystal Palace b) Falling Water c) Pompidou Center d) Royal Pavilion Answer: d Page reference: Page 334 A-Head: The Arts 9) Gustave Courbet, the central figure of this style, sought to make a record of the customs, ideas and appearances of contemporary French society. a) Romanticism b) Impressionism c) Realism d) Expressionism Answer: c Page reference: Page 335 A-Head: The Arts

10) Norwegian master of Realist drama. a) Henrik Ibsen b) Anton Chekhov c) George Bernard Shaw d) Feodor Dostoyevski Answer: a Page reference: Page 337 A-Head: The Arts 11) Considered the father of the modern novel and author of Crime and Punishment. a) Feodor Dostoyevski b) Anton Chekhov c) Oscar Wilde d) George Bernard Shaw Answer: Page reference: A-Head: 12) In France, this style of art created a new way of expressing reality emerging in competition with the camera. a) Realism b) Expressionism c) Impressionism d) Post Impressionism Answer: c Page reference: Page 339 A-Head: The Arts 13) Central figures in the development of Impressionist painting. a) Monet, Manet, Courbet b) Monet, Rodin, Seurat c) Renoir, Monet, Morisot d) Monet, Cassatt, Manet Answer: c Page reference: Page 341 A-Head: The Arts 14) This author’s works, including A Room of One’s Own reflect the use of the impressionistic device of stream of consciousness. a) Virginia Wolf b) James Joyce c) Stephane Mallarme d) William Blake Answer: a Page reference: Page 342 A-Head: The Arts

15) Interested in the painting as a flat surface, artists of this period include Paul Gauguin’s The Vision after the Sermon, 1888. a) Expressionism b) Post-Impressionism c) Realism d) Art Nouveau Answer: b Page reference: Page 344 A-Head: The Arts

16) This art phenomenon occurred in Europe and grew out of the English Arts and Crafts Movement. a) Art Deco b) Post Impressionism c) Art Nouveau d) Expressionism Answer: c Page reference: Page 346 A-Head: The Arts

17) The best known work of Art Nouveau created for the Paris Universal Exposition a) Casa Botlo b) Crystal Palace c) Eiffel Tower d) Royal Pavilion Answer: c Page reference: Page 346 A-Head: The Arts

18) Hokusai manipulates the scale in these boldly colored impressionistic renderings. a) Maple Leaves at the Tekona Shrine, Mamma b) Thirty-six Views of Mount Fuji c) The Zen Priest Choka d) Harvest at La Crau Answer: b Page reference: Page 349 A-Head: The Arts

19) The belief that a spirit exists in every living thing. a) animism

b) ancestor worship c) abstraction d) magic Answer: a Page reference: Page 351 A-Head: The Arts

20) One of the dominant characteristics of Inuit art. a) realism b) fishing c) romance d) humor Answer: d Page reference: Page 353 A-Head: The Arts 21) Much like the coats of arms of European aristocracy, these Northwest coast works of art proclaim prestige and family pride thorough genealogy. a) masks b) portraits c) totem poles d) baskets Answer: c Page reference: Page 354 A-Head: The Arts 22) African American artistic heritage emerged after the Civil War and is felt most strongly in what medium? a) dance b) theatre c) music d) painting Answer: c Page reference: Page 355 A-Head: The Arts 23) “The Old Ship of Zion” is an example of one of these. a) folk songs b) slave songs c) camp meeting songs d) spirituals Answer: b Page reference: Page 356 A-Head: The Arts

24) The artistic style of Ife probably gave birth to the artistry of this African city-state. a) Benin b) Mali c) Nigeria d) Nok Answer: a Page reference: Page 313 A-Head: The Arts 25) A style of architecture characterized by the lively, serpentine curve and a fascination with plant and animal life. a) Modernism b) Impressionism c) Art Deco d) Art Nouveau Answer: d Page reference: Page 346 A-Head: The Arts Essay Questions 26) Why is Goya’s painting, Execution of the Citizens of Madrid, May 3 categorized as a Romantic painting?

27) How did the Industrial Revolution impact the development of the arts and the role of the artist?

28) What is bel canto? Include an example.

29) Discuss both an Impressionist work of music and painting. How are they similar?

30) Explain Wagner’s philosophy of Gesamtkunstwerk. Provide an example.

Reality Through the Arts Chapter 13: THE ARTS IN A MODERN, POSTMODERN, AND PLURALISTIC WORLD. Multiple Choice Questions 1) In Western culture, which one of the following describes the tendencies of Modernism? a) rejection of innovation b) rejection of experimentation c) rejection of traditional conventions d) rejection of the new Answer: c Page reference: 358 A-Head: The Context 2) What art movement denied the notion that Western culture reached its peak in ancient Greece and Rome? a) Modernism b) Futurism c) Cubism d) Postmodernism Answer: a Page reference: 359 A-Head: The Context 3) Postmodernism disdained: a) a skeptical viewpoint b) concern with purity of form c) a variety of perspectives d) aesthetic and artistic styles Answer: b Page reference: 359 A-Head: The Context 4) Postmodernism embraces: a) Marxism b) meta-narratives c) a variety of perspectives d) Freudian psychology Answer: c Page reference: 359 A-Head: The Context 5) Pluralism brought new emphasis on: a) ethnocentrism b) progress and nationalism

c) art works from ethnic minorities d) the social sciences Answer: c Page reference: 359 A-Head: The Context 6) Cultural relativism arose out of a reaction to: a) absolutism b) ethnocentrism c) pluralism d) multiculturalism Answer: b Page reference: 360 A-Head: The Context 7) The art movement that aimed at eliciting in the viewer the same feelings the artist felt in creating the work is called: a) Futurism b) Impressionism c) Expressionism d) Fauvism Answer: c Page reference: 361 A-Head: The Arts 8) In Expressionist films the sets reflected: a) masterful designs b) realistic backdrops c) contrast and drama d) a state of mind rather than a place Answer: d Page reference: 362 A-Head: The Arts 9) In visual art, theatre, cinema and literature, The Expressionists turned to non-naturalistic techniques to express: a) societal conventions b) moralistic viewpoints c) subconscious thoughts and emotions d) dream-like impressions Answer: c Page reference: 362 A-Head: The Arts 10) Violent distortion and outrageous coloring marked the work of: a) Fauvism

b) Mechanism c) Futurism d) Cubism Answer: a Page reference: 362 A-Head: The Arts 11) The best-known artist of Fauvism was: a) Pablo Picasso b) Henri Matisse c) Georges Braque d) Max Beckmann Answer: b Page reference: 362 A-Head: The Arts 12) Artists of this movement considered the area around an object an extension of the object itself. a) Cubism b) Impressionism c) Realism d) Surrealism Answer: a Page reference: 363 A-Head: The Arts 13) Artists Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque brought about a new approach to: a) form and content b) subject matter c) linear perspective d) pictorial space Answer: d Page reference: 363 A-Head: The Arts 14) Which artist influenced the visual arts of the twentieth century more than any other individual? a) Henri Matisse b) Marcel Duchamp c) Pablo Picasso d) Jackson Pollock Answer: c Page reference: 363 A-Head: The Arts

15) Pablo Picasso’s painting, Les Demoiselle d’Avignon breaks with traditions of Western illusionist art because it: a) denies Classical proportions and the organic integrity of the human body b) proposes new dynamic sensations c) juxtaposes unrelated items to produce unexplainable phenomena d) concentrates on impersonal geometric shapes and forms Answer: a Page reference: 364 A-Head: The Arts 16) Umberto Boccioni’s sculpture, Unique Forms of Continuity in Space, 1913, is first and foremost an exercise in: a) exploration of space b) mythological representation c) composition of forms d) technological developments Answer: c Page reference: 365 A-Head: The Arts 17) Dadaism emerged as a result of: a) the horrors and disillusionment of World War I b) themes dealing with speed and power c) aesthetic theories of energy and dynamism d) psychological conflicts Answer: a Page reference: 366 A-Head: The Arts 18) Langston Hughes’s poems and his novel Not Without Laughter, create brilliant portrayals of: a) the politics of the Civil War b) negative stereotypes of African Americans c) the African American experience d) traditions of African folklore Answer: c Page reference: 394 A-Head: The Arts 19) Alvin Ailey and Bill T. Jones draw upon their African American heritage in what art form? a) theatre b) literature c) dance d) music Answer: c Page reference: 396 A-Head: The Arts

20) Judy Chicago’s, The Dinner Party, provides a good example of a) feminist art b) ephemeral art c) pop art d) environmental art Answer: a Page reference: 385 A-Head: The Arts 21) The artist collective, Los Carpinteros (The Carpenters) of Havana, Cuba, adopted their name to renounce the idea of individual authorship of art in favor of: a) multicultural viewpoints b) the inclusion of diverse perspectives c) older guild traditions of artisans and skilled laborers d) a political impetus for revolution Answer: c Page reference: 402 A-Head: The Arts 22) Frank Gehry’s approach to architecture centers on artistry because his structures: a) are ornamental b) are based on traditional functionalism c) adhere to strict principles of design d) stand like immense organic sculptures Answer: d Page reference: 388 A-Head: The Arts 23) In the 1990’s, improvised music or musique actuelle freely draws on: a) jazz and rock b) rock and blues c) traditional Sicilian music d) opera and rock Answer: a Page reference: 389 A-Head: The Arts 24) “New media” art focuses on society’s involvement with: a) globalization b) political ideology c) technology d) psychological drama Answer: c Page reference: 383 A-Head: The Arts

25) Postmodern music challenges the concept of: a) chance music b) traditional Western concert music c) dissonant harmonies d) rhythmic complexity Answer: b Page reference: 388 A-Head: The Arts Essay Questions 26) Explain the terms ethnocentrism and cultural relativism as they relate to pluralism in the arts.

27) Discuss the Harlem Renaissance and its impact on African American arts.

28) What are the dominant principles and elements of art in Picasso’s Les Demoiselles of d’Avignon, 1907?

29) How does “new” media art reflect contemporary culture? Include a work of art by Michael Lew in your explanation.

30) Compare the aesthetics of Walter Gropius and the Bauhaus School of Art to that of architect Frank Lloyd Wright. Include an example of each style.