Filling The Void: Hybrid Program Building

FILLING THE VOID...

PARTIALLY MADRID, SPAIN THOMAS BARKER

FILLING THE VOID Madrid, Spain

Arch 513.02 Comprehensive Design Studio RWU SAAHP Fall 2015 Roberto Viola Ochoa | Professor Thomas Barker | Student

CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION CONTEXT SITE ANALYSIS CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS APPENDIX

INTRODUCTION EUROPE

SPAIN

MADRID

Located in Madrid, Spain Lavapies is a working class, cosmopolitan neighborhood which has seen a resurgence in popularity in recent years. A mixture of immigrants from around the eastern hemisphere has given this neighborhood a character unlike any other. This project aims to serve these people through a hybrid program containing a variety of interior and exterior amenities

CONTEXT LOCATION

HISTORY

CLIMATE

CONTEXT

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CONTEXT The Area of Roman and Islamic Settlement The area of Madrid has been occupied since prehistoric times. It was known as a Roman settlement until the 9th century when it became an Arab Fortress Town, occupied by Islamic people known as the Moors.

The settlement was located along the Manzanares River, which they called al-Majrit, meaning “source of water”. From this word, Majrit, the name Madrid was latter derived. Along the river the Islamic Palace, the Royal Alcazar, was built. This would be the future site of Madrid’s Royal Palace. Islamic architectural influences are still present throughout Madrid today.

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Residential and Commercial Buildings outside of the Royal Palace, Present Day

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Plaza outside of the Royal Palace, Present Day

The Royal Palace of Madrid, Present Day 15

CONTEXT Christian Expansion The area of Madrid saw a shift in power in the early 1300s, when King Ferdinand IV of Castile conquered and assembled the Cortes Generales in Madrid. This was the beginning of the modern day Madrid monarchy. Despite the fact that Ferdinand IV was a Christian king, he allowed the Muslims to remain and practice their faith.

King John I of Castile, Ferdinand IV’s successor, named Leo IV, of Armenia, the Lord of Madrid in 1383. At the time of his appointment, Leo IV was sick and poor. His rule over Madrid lasted only a few years; however, during that time he rebuilt the towers of the Royal Alcazar, the Islamic Palace.

Following Leo IV’s death, King Henry III of Castile gained control over Madrid. King Henry III worked to rebuild the city following a devastating fire in the late 1300s. As the city was rebuilt, the population grew and expanded outside of the original Islamic Settlement. Characteristics of the area of expansion included dense neighborhoods with narrow winding streets. There is little sense of a grid, since the growth happened as needed. The built portions of the city appear more like puzzle pieces than blocks of a city.

Buildings in this area typically included a commercial zone at the street level and residential zones above.

King Henry III remained in power until 1406. With the death of King Henry VI of England, King Henry III’s control over Madrid was disputed by the Aragon empire. The dispute came to an end with the marriage of King Ferdinand II of Aragon and Queen Isabella I of Castile in 1469 which united the two empires, forming the Austrian Hapsburg Empire.

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Residential and Commercial of Puerta del Sol, Present Day

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Comunidad de Madrid in Puerta del Sol, Present Day

Residential and Commercial of Plaza Mayor, Present Day 17

CONTEXT Austrian Hapsburg Empire Madrid underwent major change during the mid 1500s when King Felipe II named Madrid the la Villa y Corte, the capital of the empire by royal decree. At the time, the city consisted of a population of just under 20,000 people. History shows that Felipe II decided to move the royal court of the Austrian Hapsburg Empire to Madrid due to its lack of relevance in history. The city had no notable sites, architecture, or historical events; therefore, Felipe II saw Madrid as a blank slate and an opportunity to leave his mark on history.

Over the next thirty years Madrid grew both in population and city size. By 1598, the end of Felipe II’s reign, the population of Madrid had increase four-fold to approximately 80,000 people. Many of these people migrated to the city from surrounding provinces in search of work and a better life. Within Madrid a majority of the new population worked for the court as military, servants, bureaucratic staff, religious staff, or artisans of luxury products.

The city flourished with the establishment of the court. Visual improvement of the city were apparent, mainly with decorative architectural elements. A major architectural overhaul occurred in Plaza Mayor, where state ceremonies including fiestas, bullfights, and public executions were held. Urban renewal also occurred in Puerta del Sol, developing it into the social centre of the city.

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Painting of Madrid during the 1600s

Plaza de la Cortes, Present Day

Calle del Huertas, Present Day

Restaurant near Plaza del Angel, Present Day

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CONTEXT Creation of “El Centro” The city continued to flourish throughout the 1500s with the Spanish Golden Age, which was a period of growth in arts and literature. In 1625 city walls were built, and remained the boundary of the center of the Madrid until the late 1800s.

With the death of King Charles II in 1700, the Bourbons ascend to the thrown, with the arrival of Philip V in 1714. Bourbon control led to serious economic and urban reform. As the grandson of King Louis XIV of France, Philip V developed an intense love for Italian architecture. He felt the architecture of Madrid, prior to his reign, was heavy and sombre. When the Royal Alcazar was destroyed in a fire, Philip V commissioned Italian architects to design the Palacio Real, the Royal Palace of Madrid in 1738.

Over the next several decades, Madrid continued to grow and evolve into a city worthy of the title of European Capital. Much of this growth is a result of Philip V’s son, Charles III. Charles III appointed Italian architect Francesco Sabatini as the city engineer, who brought sanitation reform in the city. Charles III banned the dumping of waste in the streets, improved sewage collection, paved streets, and safely lit streets for safe travel after dark. Unfortunately, these reforms failed to keep up with the ever growing population of the city.

In 1808 Napoleon gained control over Madrid during the War of Independence, by invading the city. He then appointed his brother, Joseph Bonaparte, as King. While his reign was short, Bonaparte made rational urban improvements to the city. He ordered the relocation of the burial grounds, from the center of the city to outside the city walls. Bonaparte also created a number of public squares, earning him the nickname of “the King of Square”. Because of the Peninsular War, power returned to the Bourbons in 1813.

In 1831 Ramon Mesonero Romano published “The Madrid Manual, a Description of the Town and Court” which reinvigorated the city’s interest in urban renewal. The city was still contained within its 1625 walls even though the city’s population was continuously rising. The health of citizens was brought into questions after the 1834 cholera epidemic swept through the city killing thousands. This further encouraged the need for urban growth.

Mesonero was charged with the job of reform and embellishment of the city. Over the next several years improvements were made to Plaza Mayor, Calle de Sevilla, Puerta del Sol, and an effort was made to clean up the slum areas.

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Map of Madrid, 1831

Puerta del Sol, early 1800s

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Calle Sagasta, Trafalgar Madrid, Present Day

Calle de Conde Duque, Present Day 21

CONTEXT Proposed Expansion Urban and economic growth were further encouraged in the second half of the 1800s by the extension of the rail system throughout Spain and into France. Madrid quickly became a new cultural center of middle class urbanity. Health conscious urban planners developed the greenscape of the city, adding tree-lined roads and improving public gardens.

In 1860 Castro proposed an expansion of the city to the north, northeast, and south respectively.

This plan would increase the population of Madrid three-fold. He also proposed widening Paseo de la Castellana in order to make it easier to reach the center of the city from the expanded regions.

One major problem that Castro faced with his expansion was that people were unwilling to invest and move out of the crammed center city. By 1911, only 700 properties had been completed, with a population of 4,000 people living in the expansion areas, while the population of Madrid reached 600,000 people.

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Streets of Tetuan, Early 1900s

Calle de Tetuan, Tetuan Madrid, Early 2000s

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Aerial View of Tetuan Madrid, Present Day

Green Scape in the Tetuan District of Madrid, Present Day 23

CONTEXT Final Expansion Madrid fell to Franco’s control in 1939 which brought economic and urban growth to a halt, including the expansion plan developed by Castro. Following the death of Franco in 1975, democracy was established in Madrid with the Spanish Constitution of 1798.

Growth was further encouraged by the connection made between Spain and the rest of Europe when Spain joined the European Union in 1982.

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All of these events marked major changes in Madrid. Development quickly began again. Castro’s expansion plan was resumed following the democratic establishment of 1978. These areas are characterized by gridded urban layout, with wider roads designed for cars and pedestrians.

2

3

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Train Station of Atoch Madrid (section 3), Present Day

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Calle de Ibiza, Ibiza Madrid (section 2), Early 2000s

Green-way in Usera Madrid (section 3), Present Day 25

CONTEXT

GREEN SYSTEMS Madrid is the European city with the highest number of trees and green surface per inhabitant and it has the second highest number of aligned trees in the world. Within the city of Madrid there are a number of public green spaces, the largest being el Parque de El Retiro located in the south east side of the city.

1. Jardines del Campo del Moro

The major green spaces of the city are linked by treelined street. The most prominent of this green belt are the Paseo del Prado and Paseo de Recletos. The minor streets of the city are also lined with small trees, carrying the green belt through the majority of the city. The trees serve a variety of purposes such as shading, noise control, promoting a healthy environm ent, and for aesthetics.

2. El Parque de El Retiro

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1

2

3 7

Legend

4 5

6

1. Parque del Oeste 2. Casa del Campo a. Parque de Atracciones Madrid b. Parque Reunidos c. Zoo Aquarium de Madrid 3. Jardines del Campo del Moro 4. Parque de Cuna Verde 5. Parque Madrid Rio 6. Parque Enrique Tierno Galvan 7. Parque de El Retiro

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CONTEXT

European Radiation TOPOGRAPHY + CLIMATE The temperature is hottest in July and August with a mean of about 78 째F and records reaching about 100 째F. It is coldest in December and January with mean temperatures around 36 째F and record lows reaching 25 째F .

The topography in Madrid varies by 310 feet, from the Northeast corner of Parque de El Retiro to the South end of the Rio Manzanares. The Rio Manzanares lies just outside of Madrid, but contributes greatly to its topography.

Spain Radiation Average Annual Sum (4/2004-3/2010)*

1200

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1350

1500

1650

1800

1950kWh/m2

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Low: 38 °F Average: 42.13 °F High: 50 °F

Low: 55 °F Average: 69.5 °F High: 82 °F

*Solar GIS (http://solargis.info)

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CONTEXT

Green roofs are a commonly used design tool in Madrid. They greatly reduce the amount of heat that is transferred into the interior and reduce the amount of runoff water on the site.

A multilayered facade or roof structure can reduce heat gain by allowing air to travel and escape in between the layers. Overhangs can also allow for passive solar control by regulating Department of Economics, Madrid the amount of sunlight that enters the building.

Many European cities, including Madrid, do not utilize air conditioning, but instead focus on cooling the building using natural means. Successful natural ventilation can reduce or eliminate air conditioning in warm weather, if windows are oriented to prevailing breezes. A whole house fan or natural ventilation can store cool nighttime temperature in high mass interior surfaces to reduce or eliminate air conditioning.

Royal Palace of Madrid, Thermal Mass Example 30

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Housing in Madrid | Foreign Office Architects 2007

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In hot climates direct sunlight is the largest contributor to building cooling loads. Because a roof receives the most direct sunlight over a day, It is the most important surface when considering passive cooling strategies. In areas with hot climates such as Madrid, a light colored roof reflects sunlight, remains cooler, and reduces the amount of heat transferred to the interior of a building. The two surface properties that determine a roof’s temperature are solar reflectance and thermal emittance, which range on a scale from 0 to 1. The larger the two values are, the cooler the roof with be. Make the roof surface a light color and choose a roofing material that has a surface: • Solar reflectance (SR) of > 0.7 • Thermal Emittance (TE) of > 0.75

Social Housing Units, Madrid | Guillermo Vasquez Consuegra 31

SITE ANALYSIS HISTORY

TYPOLOGY

PEOPLE

SITE

SITE ANALYSIS

LAVAPIES Central Madrid is comprised of over fifteen districts, each with their own building typology, environmental and topographical characteristics, and varying population diversity. Our site for this projected is located in Lavapies, highlighted in yellow in the adjacent map.

Lavapies is one of the oldest neighborhoods in Madrid.

Its architectural typology dates back for centuries.

“Lavapies” roughly translates to “wash feet”. The origin of the neighborhood’s name comes from the Jewish ritual of washing your feet before entering a Synagogue. The current church of San Lorenzo is said to have been built on the site of Lavapies’s main synagogue, located in the Plaza de Lavapies.

People were said to have washed their feet in the fountain in the plaza before entering the synagogue.

Lavapies is located in the southern end of central Madrid. It is one of the largest original neighborhoods of Central Madrid. During the 14th century, Lavapies was known as the Jewish quarter of Madrid. The community of Lavapies saw a drastic change after the 15th century, when King Ferdinand expelled people of Jewish descent from the kingdom.

Lavapies has always been known as a working class neighborhood, with salt mines located in the district during the 17th century. The neighborhood has evolved over time, but still remains a community of hard working people who are full of pride of their heritage and their surroundings. The current population of Lavapies is comprised of about 60% immigrants from many different regions, including but not limited to, the Middle East, Northern Africa, Asia, and Europe.

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Our site, locate in yellow in the map below, is one of many abandoned lots in the district. The lot sat vacant for over thirty years before a community group in Lavapies fought to use the lot as a public green space.

It took several years for the community group to gain full access to the site, but since then they have turned the vacant lot into an urban oasis full of life and community activity. Part of the site is utilized for agricultural purposes, turning this once lifeless site into a inviting urban green space.

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SITE ANALYSIS

LAVAPIES HISTORY During the 16th and 17th century, the area of Lavapies became a place for Spanish immigrants from outside of Madrid to settle in search for work and a new life in the city due to its affordable living. During the 1800s the neighborhood quickly fell into decay due to its working class status. The second wave of immigration came during an economic boom in Spain during the late nineties and early twenty first century.

People moving to Lavapies this time were from outside Spain, predominately from Asia, the Middle East or North Africa, with the largest groups hailing Historic Lavapies from Morocco. For a long time this area was known as a dangerous, sketchy neighborhood. Entire blocks were left vacant and empty, encouraging squatting.

1844 Map of Madrid, Lavapies located in red

Urban renewal of the area began in the late 1900s.

Buildings were renovated, torn down and rebuilt, and new buildings expanded the Lavapies neighborhood.

Greenery was integrated into the area with tree lined streets. As the building environment improved over time, much of the existing population that inhabited the Lavapies neighborhood could no longer afford the rent and moved out of the area.

Lavapies Today 36

Plaza Lavapies 1950

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Lavapies Today 37

SITE ANALYSIS

LAVAPIES BUILDING TYPOLOGY Lavapiés, like other neighborhoods in the center of Madrid, has a variety of architectural typologies.

The most frequent building typology is the patio.

Almost every city block in the neighborhood contains either a patios or a narrow light well. La corrala is a housing typology that was common in Lavapies during the early 1800s. It consists of a rectangular central patio around which apartments are oriented.

The facades of the buildings have little level of variation. Most predominant is the use of balconies. Even on the narrowest of streets, most buildings will either have a shared balcony or a balconet. The elevations of a typical building in Lavapiés contains a commercial ground floor with residences above. It is often common to have a roof terrace, completing a vertical three part facade.

The street typology differs throughout the neighborhood, with street widths varying from 14’ to larger than 64’ wide. Section 1 is taken near our site, and shows the proportional relationship of the street and buildings.

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SITE ANALYSIS Lavapies is a neighborhood with large topography changes.

Compared to the rest of Madrid, it is a very hilly area, which has become a major characteristic of the neighborhood.

This affects the character of the streets and the interactions between the buildings and the landscape.

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SITE ANALYSIS

IMPORTANT PUBLIC SPACES AND INSTITUTIONS Highlighted in [red] are the major roads of the neighborhood. As shown in the map on the left from 1831, many of the roads that exist today have Map of Lavapies, 1831 carved their way through the city for centuries.

Ronda de Toledo, the major road that encompasses the neighborhood at the base of the map, was originally the path of the 1625 city walls. While the neighborhood has become more dense since 1831, the major roads of 1831 are still the major roads of today.

Map of Lavapies, Present Day 42

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PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION The site is located in a dense residential area on Calle del Dr. Pourguet, within five minutes walk to the historical center of the neighborhood, Plaza de Lavapies. The site is well located for transit travel, with two metro stations and the main train station of Madrid all within a 5 minute walk. This makes the site easily accessible to people throughout the neighborhood, and across the city.

Lavapies Metro Entrance

3 minutes

4 minutes

5 minutes

Lavapies Metro Entrance, early 1900’s 43

SITE ANALYSIS

LAVAPIES DEMOGRAPHICS Lavapies is statistically the most diverse neighborhood in the city of Madrid. This diversity has affected the commercial characteristics of the area, with shops and cuisine of many countries invigorating the streets.

The 21st century Lavapies looks very different from the early 1900s. The population consists of about 60% immigrants, bringing different cultures, world views, foods, and religions into one place. The neighborhood is known for being very politically active regarding what is happening in their area as well as around the world.

Of the people in Lavapies born outside Spain, most are first-generation immigrants. This fact has led many to draw comparisons with England, France, and Germany where problems have arisen with secondgeneration immigrants. The age of the immigrants is younger than the local residents, resulting in school populations consisting of nearly 70% immigrants.

Lavapies is generally safe and without crime, but in those other countries, it is the children of the The graphic above shows the birth origin of the people of Lavapies. 1/3 of the people were born in Madrid, while the immigrants who have caused issues as they expect remaining people were born outside the city. 1/3 of the total population of the neighborhood was born outside of Spain. more from society in terms of integration of culture.

This, combined with a lack of parks and sports facilities in the area have many worried about youths joining gangs and causing trouble. This issue can be addressed in part by our Esta es una Plaza intervention.

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Paining of Plaza Lavapies, by Jorge Dolรง, 2012 The painting shows Plaza Lavapies and its cosmopolitan inhabitants 45

SITE ANALYSIS

GREEN SPACES WITHIN LAVAPIES This map of Lavapies highlights the open public outdoors paces [dark green] and private outdoor spaces [light green]. Given the density of the community, it is clear that there are not enough open spaces for the public. As seen in the adjacent map, our site [highlighted in yellow], is surrounded by buildings with private green spaces, but no public green spaces within a short walk.

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1. Escuelas Pias

1 4

CULTURAL INSTITUTIONS

3 Map of Site Neighborhood, Present Day

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2. Teatro Circo Price

Highlighted in [green] are all of the public outdoor spaces in the neighborhood. These include parks, paved plazas and tree lined avenues with spaces for gathering. In [blue] are important buildings ranging from the main church, San Lorenzo, to schools, to the Reina Sofia Museum. [yellow} identifies the site.

3. Teatro Valle Inclan

Map of Lavapies, Present Day

4. Reina Sofia Museum 47

SITE ANALYSIS

VACANT LOTS Lavapies has a large population of abandoned lots.

The adjacent map highlights these sites, including our site, which is number five. When you look at the lack of public green spaces in comparison to the number of vacant lots, there is a very large amount of the neighborhood that is being under utilized.

The neighborhood would greatly benefit from reclaiming and revitalizing vacant lots in the neighborhood into public spaces. The main issue that the community faces is gaining public access to these spaces.

4.

3.

1.

2.

5.

Highlighted in [pink] are the cultural institutions that directly influence the site. The sites included are: 1. Escuelas Pias 2. Teatro Circo Price 3. Teatro Valle Inclan 4. Reina Sofia Museum Abandoned Site 5: Our Site 48

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Abandoned Site 1

Abandoned Site 2

Abandoned Site 3

Abandoned Site 4

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SITE ANALYSIS

SITE HISTORY The site is located in a dense residential area on Calle del Dr. Fourquet, within a five minutes walk to the historical center of the neighborhood, Plaza de Lavapies. For over thirty years, the site has sat abandoned, full of trash and rubble. The site is approximately 20,000sf of abandoned green space.

South-West Side of the Site, Pre-Revitalization

South Side of the Site, Pre-Revitalization 50

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South-West Side of the Site, Mid Revitalization

North-East Side of the Site, Mid Revitalization 51

SITE ANALYSIS ESTA ES UNA PLAZA [THE CLIENT] Un Jardin Compartido obtained our site from the Municipal District in 2008 as a social intervention for the neighborhood. The site became known as Esta es una Plaza, meaning “this is a place�. The idea behind Esta es una Plaza is to encourage people of all generations, ethnicities, and religions to come together in a common community space, strengthening the bond of the community. This not only creates a sense of place for the community, but also weaves the lives of community members together, dramatically improving social growth of the neighborhood.

Un Jardin Compartido have had struggles in the past with the government of Lavapies allowing them to use the space. They began their intervention in 2009, planting agriculture, creating a place for soccer, and a hammock sleeping area nestled in the trees of the site. They came back the next day to the doors welded shut. A bulldozer had come through the site without notice and left the space in ruins, crushing everything in its path.

South Side of the Site, Pre 2008

Currently the group has a better connection with the government than they had in the past and the site is now open every Sunday.

The site has been manipulated in modest ways to be used as a place for agriculture, sports, outdoor markets, an outdoor theatre, and outdoor festivals.

The group reuses items found on the streets and in the site to create the amenities that they need. All structures on the site are removable, allowing users to easily manipulate the site to their needs. The main elements that define the space are agricultural interventions on the site.

Graffiti and street art adorn the worn walls of the plaza, which is populated by garden plots and makeshift structures for cooking, shelter, gathering, and bike storage.

South-West Side of the Site, Pre 2008 52

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South-West Side of the Site, Pre 2008

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South-West Side of the Site, Pre 2008

West Side of the Site, Pre 2008 53

SITE ANALYSIS

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APPROACHING THE SITE APPROACHING THE SITE APPROACHING THE SITE APPROACHING THE SITE APPROACHING THE SITE SITE ANALYSIS

APPROACH FROM NORTHEAST ON CALLE SOMBRERE APPROACH FROM NORTHEAST ON CALLE SOMBRERERIA

2.

APPROACHFROM FROM NORTHEAST NORTHEAST ON SOMBRERERIA APPROACH ONCALLE CALLE SOMBRERERIA Approach from Northeast on Calle APPROACH FROM NORTHEAST ONSombrereria CALLE SOMBRERERIA

1.

APPROACH NORTHWEST ON CALLE SOMBRERE APPROACH FROMFROM NORTHWEST ON CALLE SOMBRERERIA

APPROACH FROM NORTHWEST ON CALLE SOMBRERERIA

Approach from Northwest on Calle Sombrereria APPROACH FROM NORTHWEST ON CALLE SOMBRERERIA

APPROACH FROM NORTHWEST ON CALLE SOMBRERERIA

SOUTHWEST ON CALLE DEL DR FOURQUET Approach from APPROACH SouthwestFROM on Calle del Dr Fourquet

56 APPROACH FROM SOUTHWEST ON CALLE DEL DR FOURQUET APPROACH FROM SOUTHWEST ON CALLE DEL DR FOURQUET

APPROACH FROM Calle SOUTHMallorca CALLE MALLORCA Approach from South

APPROACH FROM SOUTH CALLE MALLORCA APPROACH FROM SOUTH CALLE MALLORCA

APPROACH FROM SOUTEAST ON CALLE DELdel DRDr FOURQUET Approach from Southeast on Calle Fourquet

APPROACH FROM SOUTEAST ON CALLE DEL DR FOURQUET APPROACH FROM SOUTEAST ON CALLE DEL DR FOURQUET

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APPROACH

Approach from Southeast on Calle del Dr Fourquet

The streetscapes of the neighborhood range from a narrow sidewalk with a one lane road to large tree-line avenues with enough space to accommodate cafe seating. Often, trees are present in between series of parallel parking spaces, allowing for there to be enough space on the narrowest of sidewalks while not blocking traffic. This is the case along both Calle de la SombrererĂ­a and Calle del Dr. Fourquet, which define the north and south edges of the site.

Approach from Southwest on Calle del Dr Fourquet 57

SITE ANALYSIS

Site View 1

Site View 2 58

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SITE VEGETATION

ADD SITE TREE DIAGRAM 1.

2.

As seen in the adjacent site plan, the site has a number of existing trees. It should be noted that there are several Ash trees that populate the boundaries. Ash is a very tolerant tree to high pollution and can grow in less than ideal conditions. Other species that scatter the site include Cypress and Yew. A vegetable garden exists in the south-west corner of the site. The community has worked to grow plants on the site that can benefit the community and these plants have successfully grown on the site.

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SITE ANALYSIS

Winter: December 21st Wind Diagram

Spring: March 20th Wind Diagram

Summer: April 21st W

Winter: December 21st Sun Diagram

Spring: March 20th Sun Diagram

Summer: April 21st S

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Wind Diagram

Sun Diagram

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Wind Studies Wind in Madrid predominately comes from the north at 10 to 20 mph. It also comes from the west, but less frequently. Wind on the site primarily comes from the north, east, and the west.

Fall: September 22nd Wind Diagram

Sun Studies The site experiences sunlight during the spring, fall, and summer months, but is submerged in shadows during the winter. With taller buildings across the street to the southeast, there is a large amount of shade cast on the eastern corner of the site.

Fall: September 22nd Sun Diagram 61

SITE ANALYSIS

SITE TOPOGRAPHY The elevation difference of the site is 9 feet. The lowest point lies adjacent to Calle de Dr. Fourquet. The highest point lies within the middle of the site. There is a moderate slope from north to the south, and from east to west. Section AA, which runs from West to East is relatively flat, with the steepest slope at 2.7%. However, section BB, which runs from North to South the greatest grade change. At the center of the site, the slope is 10.4%, running South. This slope occurs where the housing block was demolished, and continues south.

Winter: December 21st Sun Diagram

Section Reference Plan 62

Site Section AA

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Winter: December 21st Sun Diagram

Site Section BB 63

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK CONCEPT

COLLAGES

DESIGN

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

PORTMANTEAU The neighborhood of Lavapiés has created one of the most unique atmospheres in the city of Madrid.

The vast array of culture, history, and people are what lends Lavapiés the vibrance it has today.

Although still up and coming, the most idiosyncratic aspect about Lavapiés is the ability of its inhabitants to meld the existing old world charm of Madrid with the contemporary cultures of today. The undulating streetscapes of Lavapiés are home to a diverse range of smells, sights, faces, and tongues that while varied, create a homogenous place.

The question for this site becomes this: How does one create an intervention that accommodates the diverse cultural and programmatic needs of the neighborhood while still speaking to its deep historical roots? The answer to this question best lies within the community itself. Esta es una Plaza is one of Lavapiés’ prime examples of a successful intervention. Here, a once abandoned site has been rejuvenated with life. Currently, the site is a modest, sheltered, and multi programmatic space that has an immense amount of potential to create a project that strengthens and continues to unite the community.

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The energy that these events provide to the site is one that this project hopes to embrace and enhance upon within its design. There are a number of abandoned sites that spot the neighborhood, and this project looks to help spark an interest in renewing these areas into public amenities.

Despite the variety of cultures within Lavapies, the core needs of the people remain the same. The program is not specific to any one culture; it allows each member of the community to come in as equals and enables the flow and exchange of ideas and experiences between users. This combination is what has created such a dynamic quality in Lavapies which will hopefully carry through into this project.

What defines the concept of this project is the idea of portmanteau, or the combining of two separable aspects or qualities. In the case of Esta es Una Plaza, the combination of ideas from the vast history of the place, and the influence of a growing multicultural population have the ability to fuse into a project that embodies Lavapies to its fullest.

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CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

LOOKING TO THE PAST The design of this project for the Esta es Una Plaza group uses its form to manifest a relationship with the past through a reinterpretation the patio typology.

Las Corralas are a housing typology developed in the early 1800’s as a functional and cost effective answer to post-conflict times. This building type serves as inspiration for a variety of reasons. Foremost, the void serves as a planning device for the building, in which circulation and residences are located around it. The void becomes a place of formal and informal social interactions that brings the building inhabitants together,creating a sense of identity.

Along with establishing formal relationships, the corrala allows for passive climate control that is effective in the moderate environment of Madrid.

Ventilation and sunlight are captured within the patio creating a healthy, sustainable environment.

These ideas were employed in much of the project’s early envisioning. The space defining properties of the corrala was seen as a way to help define zones within the project, and begin to establish connections between the interior and exterior programs. The use of ventilation was also an important consideration when developing sustainable strategies for the project.

Conceptual Model 68

FILLING THE VOID

MADRID, SPAIN

Preliminary Collage 1 | Indoor Outdoor Relationship 69

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

Typical Program on Street Edge

This project also looked at relationships between the different programs, and if there were ways in which programs could enhance or detract from others due to proximity. There was a clear relationship from the beginning that the cafe, education, and library wanted to be integrated with each other. As public amenities, these sets of program were to be the most accessible to the public. Program such as the day care and fitness center ended up being more separated from the most public realm because of issues such as security for the children, and keeping post workout visitors from directly interacting with visitors to the most public services.

Iesu Church + Supermarket | Rafael Moneo

70

QUANTITY

TOTAL (sf)

500 250 1500 1500 3000 400 300

1 1 1 1 1 1 1

500 250 1500 1500 3000 400 300

EDUCATION/LEISURE

Lecture Room

Projection Room Workshop

Computer Lab

1750 300 500 500

1 1 3 2

1750 300 1500 1000

DAY CARE Playroom

Children’s Reading Room

Toy Storage Cubbies

Staff Room Kitchenette

2400 500 200 200 150 150

1 1 1 1 1 1

2400 500 200 200 150 150

FITNESS

Group Exercise Storage

Fitness Room

Locker Room

Staff Office Reception

1000 200 2500 900 500 500

2 2 1 2 1 1

2000 400 2500 1800 500 500

LIBRARY Lobby/Entrance

Locker/Coat Area

Computer Zone

Magazines/ Journals

Main Collection

Administration/ Help Desk

Photocopy/ Printing Room

HYBRID PROGRAM When the program was first revealed, a key decision to make was how to handle a hybrid program in this context. Around Madrid and Spain, it is not uncommon to find atypical program combinations.

It was key to look to the neighborhood for inspiration. Madrid, like most cities around the world have an abundance of simple hybrid buildings that are commonly found along a typical street. These hybrid buildings consist of program such as shops and cafes along the street level with the remaining levels being occupied by residential, office, and other private services. More complex programmatic relations are also not uncommon, such as the Iesu Church + Supermarket. These buildings have the ability to create dynamic building qualities.

AREA (net)

CAFE 2000 1 2000

Dining Area 600 1 600 Kitchen TOTAL (net) 26,200

FILLING THE VOID

DAY CARE FITNESS LIBRARY EDUCATION CAFE Programmatic Relationships

MADRID, SPAIN

EXTERIOR

Programmatic Relationships 71

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

SITE STRATEGY The exterior program which requires 60% of the site to be free of building, was a major factor to consider when developing the site plan. The building, which utilizes the corrala typology, has a tendency to look in on its self, with a major focus towards the patio and ignoring much of the exterior space. This was resolved by establishing a connection to the exterior by removing much of the ground floor of the building. This allowed for a permeability throughout the site for pedestrians.

A desire for a strong tie between the streets to the north and south of the site was also taken into consideration. The building was situated so that the patio and building floated above this passageway.

This forced passing pedestrians to interact with the building in a way which allowed it to be constantly alive.

Although the exterior space is public, much of the corresponding program for Esta es Una Plaza needed to remain out of the active pedestrian street. Activities such as gardening, group dinners, and siestas required a space that had a slight sense of seclusion. For this reason, part of the exterior space is sunken. In turn this allowed a grand stair which is able to be used for large gatherings such as political meetings and music performances.

Informal sports games are often played on the existing site, and it was important to leave an open area for those types of activities. Passersby can watch over the railing at many of the activities going on, and are welcomed in joining along.

72

Parti | Patio + Exterior Relationship

Pedestrian Street

1 SITE STRATEGY 1. Pedestrian Street 2. Public Piazza + Stairs 3. Semi Public Sunken Garden

2 3

LAVAP

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ARCH 513.02 CO ROGER WILLIAM SAAHP FALL 201 ARCH 513_02_1 PROFESSOR: RO

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73 VALENCIA

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

Mid Review Model 74

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View from Ramp in Garden

75

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

GROUND LEVEL 1. EXTERIOR AUDITORIUM 2. COMMUNITY GARDEN 3. MULTI USE FIELD 4. RECEPTION 5. REST ROOMS 4.

5.

76

2.

1.

3.

FILLING THE VOID

MADRID, SPAIN

View from Entry Underneath Patio

77

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK LONGITUDINAL SECTION 1. LOBBY 2. CAFE 3. LECTURE HALL 4. LIBRARY 5. FITNESS 6. DAY CARE 7. SERVICES 6.

5.

4.

7.

3.

2.

1.

78

Visual + Audio Patio Connections

FILLING THE VOID

7.

4.

6.

6.

5.

4.

2.

2.

3.

2.

1.

MADRID, SPAIN

LONGITUDINAL SECTION 1. MAGAZINES 2. WORKSHOP 3. COMPUTER LAB 4. OFFICE 5. EXTERIOR FITNESS 6. GROUP FITNESS 7. DAY CARE

1.

79

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

LEVEL 2 1. CAFE 2. KITCHEN 3. MAGAZINES 4. REST ROOMS

3.

2.

1.

4.

3.

Circulation

80

FILLING THE VOID

MADRID, SPAIN

View from Cafe

81

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

LEVEL 3 1. LECTURE HALL 2. COMPUTER LAB 3. WORKSHOP 4. REST ROOMS

2.

1.

4.

3.

82

2.

FILLING THE VOID

MADRID, SPAIN

LEVEL 4 1. LIBRARY STACKS 2. WORKSHOP 3. LIBRARY RECEPTION 4. COPY ROOM 5. COAT ROOM 6. TERRACE

2.

3.

6.

1.

6.

4.

5.

2.

83

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

5TH FLOOR 2.

1.

4.

5.

3.

84

1. MAIN FITNESS 2. EXTERIOR FITNESS 3. OFFICE 4. RECEPTION 5. MENS LOCKER ROOM

FILLING THE VOID

1.

MADRID, SPAIN

6TH FLOOR 1. GROUP FITNESS 2. WOMENS LOCKER ROOM

2.

1.

85

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

LEVEL 7

4.

2.

7.

6.

3.

86

5.

1.

1. EXTERIOR PLAY 2.DAYCARE 3. OFFICE 4. READING ROOM 5. CUBBIES 6. REST ROOMS 7. KITCHENETTE

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87

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK FACADE In designing the envelope, there were several important factors to take into consideration. The first was to allow a visual permeability both into and out of the building to connect the people within to the people on the street. Next, the envelope needed to control both solar heat gain as well as natural ventilation. Finally, the building wanted to visually meld with the fabric of the neighborhood and therefore needed a facade that would do so.

Inspiration for the facade was drawn directly from the neighborhood. To keep with the concept of combining the historic neighborhood with contemporary ideologies, materials from the surrounding context are used throughout the project.

To aid in reducing the solar gain, a second skin was needed. Several 2D and 3D iterations were studied using a variety of materials and patterns ranging from perforated metal panels, terra cotta rods, or a combination of materials. What was chosen as the best fit is a combined metal and terracotta screen that wraps the building .

1.

2.

The addition of round corners in the building create softer edges while also nodding to several rounded and chamfered corners in the neighborhood (1).

Wood accents on ceilings, signage, and door frames in the project took inspiration from the ornately carved doors around the neighborhood (2).

Terracotta is the main element of the building’s facade.

Inspired by the roofs and brick of the neighborhood, the facade reinterprets the material with slender rods which act as a sunshading device. The material was inspired by one that was developed by the company GKD in which bamboo was alternated in with slim metal rods (3).

Facade Coloration + Color Density

The terra cotta rods are colored in pastels, evoking the colors found throughout Lavapies (4). Much like the neighborhood its self, the facade appears homogenous whole from a distance, but is vibrant and varied when upon approach.

3.

88

4.

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0.

0.

0.

2.

1.

1.

1.

3.

2.

2.

4.

5.

3.

3.

MADRID, SPAIN

4.

4.

5.

5.

Preliminary Facade Studies 89

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

Preliminary Facade Studies 90

FILLING THE VOID

MADRID, SPAIN

Early conceptual ideas were brought into play when studying the exterior envelope. The small balconies that line the streets of Madrid serve as a threshold between the public and private realm, what inspired this project was the idea that because of these, activity no longer takes place solely on the ground. The building’s envelope incorporates these small balconies in an attempt to allow for this dynamic quality of activity to occur.

Facade Study with Accessible Balcony Preliminary Collage 2 | Public Private Relationship 91

APPENDIX

South Elevation 92

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93

TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS ENVELOPE

STRUCTURE

MECHANICAL

SUSTAINABILITY

TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS HEATING + COOLING Madrid is situated in a temperate, dry climate within the Mediterranean. On average, temperatures in Madrid range from 90 degrees Fahrenheit in the summer to 40 degrees in the winter. The human comfort zone lies between 68 and 78 degrees. From this we can conclude that the cooling requirements for the building will be significantly more than the heating requirements. Another factor to take into consideration is the humidity. During the summer months, humidity hits its lowest average of 50%, and throughout the winter, the humidity levels can average as high as 80%. The humidity in this area works to Madrid’s advantage, and helps keep Madrid in the comfort zone for much of the year.

The use of passive ventilation strategies will play a key role in both regulating the climate and reducing cooling costs. The central patio in this building offers an opportunity to have cross ventilation throughout the building via the addition of operable windows within the building envelope.

Since a majority of the site remains unbuilt, this presents an opportunity to harness the benefits of geothermal energy. Although it cannot account for all of the heating and cooling requirements of the building, a closed loop vertical solution would work well in this situation and can greatly add to the sustainability of the project.

As a hybrid building containing a variety of programs, it is natural to have several different heating, cooling, and ventilation requirements within the building shell.

With ranges from high occupancy active program, to low occupancy program. The ventilation and cooling need to be addressed. To do so, this project will combine the geothermal with a VAV Multi zone System which will allow the appropriate heating and cooling needs.

The spatial intention that was considered while designing the mechanical systems was to keep it as discrete as possible. Due to the large expanses of glass on the facade, the system needs to be free from the walls and remain in the floor or ceiling.

96

FILLING THE VOID

SIZING SPACES FOR MAJOR HEATING + COOLING EQUIPMENT

MADRID, SPAIN

SIZING SPACES FOR AIR HANDLING

97

TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS

Individual Zones Cooling air volume in CFM

Main Supply

Branch Supply

Fan Rooms

Fresh Air Louvers

Exhaust Air Louvers

14,000 CFM

8 sqft

13 sqft

560 sqft

30 sqft

27 sqft

9,000 CFM

5 sqft

5.5 sqft

310 sqft

22.5 sqft

19 sqft

15,000 CFM

8 sqft

15 sqft

570 sqft

32 sqft

28 sqft

8,000 CFM

5 sqft

7.5 sqft

295 sqft

17.5 sqft

15 sqft

5,000 CFM

3 sqft

5 sqft

250 sqft

12.5 sqft

10 sqft

Cooling Capacity

Boiler Room and Chilled Water Plant

Cooling Towers

110 tons

725 sqft

110 sqft

Library

Education

Fitness

Kids Area

Café

Whole Building

98

FILLING THE VOID 1. Region 1 | Low occupancy, service -Circulation -Bathrooms -Reception 2. Region 2 | Low occupancy + activity, South facing -Library -Education

-Day care 3. Region 3 | Low occupancy + activity, North facing -Library -Education

-Day care 4. Region 4 | High occupancy + activity -Fitness -Cafe

-Lecture hall

3.

1.

4.

2.

= 20 Occupants

LIBRARY EDUCATION/LEISURE

153 156

DAY CARE

96

FITNESS

227

CAFE

138

TOTAL

757

MADRID, SPAIN

BUILDING ZONING From the information presented in the info graphic, it is clear that all of the programs have a relatively high occupancy load. From this chart, we can begin to break down relationships in occupancy and activity to aid in zoning out the building for HVAC. Areas such as the fitness and cafe, although drastically different occupancy loads will require more cooling and ventilation.

The library and education requirements are nearly identical, so it makes sense that their HVAC requirements would be similar or combined.

Additional fin tube radiators were added around the patio curtain wall on each floor to help reduce the condensation that could develop on the glass due to the temperature difference from inside and outside of the building.

99

GENERAL NOTES

TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS AHU 3 SUPPLY FEED

AHU 4 SUPPLY FEED HEAT PUMP

HEAT PUMP

1993.5'

KEY PLAN KEY PLAN

STORAGE A101

AHU 3 SUPPLY FEED RETURN AHU 1 SUPPLY AHU 1

AHU 3 SUPPLY FEED

HEAT PUMP

36" x 48"

12" x 14"

36" x 48"

12" x 14"

RETURN AHU 1

VAV BOX

1983.5

36" x 48"

SUPPLY AHU 1

36" x 48"

12" x 14" RECEPTION A101

VAV BOX

VENTILATION DUCT

MENS WC A101

ESTA ES UNA PLAZA COMMUNITY CENTER

PROJECT D

LAVAPIES, MADRID, SPAIN

PROJECT DATA

1981.5

ARCH 513.02 COMPREHENSIVE STUDIO ROGER WILLIAMS UNIVERSITY WOMENS WC SAAHP FALL 2015 A101 ARCH 513_01_15FA

ARCH 513.02 CO ROGER WILLIAM SAAHP FALL 20 ARCH 513_02_1 PROFESSOR: RO

GENERAL NOTES

HEAT PUMP

GE

LEVEL -1 MECHANICAL

PROJECT NUMBER DATE

AHU 2 SUPPLY FEED

PROJECT NUM

XXX

DATE

11/7/2015

DRAWN BY

DRAWN BY

THOMAS BARKER

CHECKED BY

XX

CHECKED BY

Basement Mechanical Plan

GRO MEC

Ground Floor Mechanical Plan

M1-01

M

SCALE 3/16"=1'

SCALE 3/16"=1

AHU 3 SUPPLY FEED

AHU 3 SUPPLY FEED

SUPPLY AHU 3 RETURN AHU 3

41" x 30"

RETURN AHU 4 SUPPLY AHU 4

VAV BOX

18" x 30"

SUPPLY AHU 3 18"x10"

RETURN AHU 3 VAV BOX

41" x 30"

41" x 30"

41" x 30"

RETURN AHU 4

33" x 30"

SUPPLY AHU 4

33" x 30"

AHU 4 SUPPLY FEED

33" x 30"

18" x 20" VAV BOX

12" x 14"

33" x 30"

AHU 4 SUPPLY FEED

KEY PLAN

KEY AHU 3 SUPPLY FEED RETURN AHU 1 SUPPLY AHU 1

18"x10" 36" x 48"

36" x 48"

RETURN AHU 1

12" x 14"

12" x 14"

AHU 3 SUPPLY FEED

SUPPLY AHU 1

VAV BOX

36" x 48"

12" x 14"

36" x 48"

12" x 14"

VAV BOX

FIN TUBE RADIATOR

FIN TUBE RADIATOR

18"x10"

PROJECT DATA

SUPPLY AHU 4 RETURN AHU 4 RETURN AHU 2

ARCH 513.02 COMPREHENSIVE STUDIO ROGER WILLIAMS UNIVERSITY SAAHP FALL 2015 ARCH 513_02_15FA PROFESSOR: ROBERTO VIOLA OCHOA

33" x 30"

SUPPLY AHU 2

18"x10"

RETURN AHU 4

33" x 30"

41" x 30"

41" x 30"

AHU 2 SUPPLY FEED

RETURN AHU 2

VAV BOX 18"x30"

18"x20"

VAV BOX

100

33" x 30"

33" x 30"

VAV BOX

12" x 14"

ARC ROG SAA ARC PRO

41" x 30"

41" x 30"

18"x10"

LEVEL 4 MECHANICAL

PROJECT NUMBER

Level 4 Mechanical Plan

PRO SUPPLY AHU 4

DATE

SUPPLY AHU 2 AHU 2 SUPPLY FEED

XXX

12/20/2015

Level 5 Mechanical Plan THOMAS BARKER DRAWN BY

PRO

XX

DRA

CHECKED BY

DAT

CHE

FILLING THE VOID

AHU 3 SUPPLY FEED

AHU 3 SUPPLY FEED

SUPPLY AHU 3 RETURN AHU 3

MADRID, SPAIN

VAV BOX

41" x 30"

SUPPLY AHU 3

12" x 14"

RETURN AHU 3

41" x 30"

12" x 9" 41" x 30"

41" x 30"

RETURN AHU 4 SUPPLY AHU 4

33" x 30"

VAV BOX

12" x 18"

RETURN AHU 4

12" x 9"

33" x 30"

SUPPLY AHU 4

VAV BOX 33" x 30"

33" x 30"

12" x 18"

12" x 9" VAV BOX

AHU 4 SUPPLY FEED

VAV BOX

AHU 4 SUPPLY FEED

KEY PLAN AHU 3 SUPPLY FEED RETURN AHU 1 SUPPLY AHU 1

12" x 9" 36" x 48"

36" x 48"

AHU 3 SUPPLY FEED

12" x 14"

RETURN AHU 1 VAV BOX

12" x 14"

SUPPLY AHU 1

FIN TUBE RADIATOR

36" x 48"

12" x 14"

36" x 48"

12" x 14"

VAV BOX

VENTILATION DUCT

FIN TUBE RADIATOR

12" x 9"

12" x 9"

PROJECT DATA SUPPLY AHU 4 RETURN AHU 4 RETURN AHU 2

33" x 30"

12" x 18"

33" x 30"

18" x 24"

ARCH 513.02 COMPREHENSIVE STUDIO ROGER WILLIAMS UNIVERSITY SAAHP FALL 2015 ARCH 513_02_15FA PROFESSOR: ROBERTO VIOLA OCHOA

ESTA ES UNA PLAZA COMMUNITY CENTER

VAV BOX

LAVAPIES, MADRID, SPAIN

41" x 30"

41" x 30"

SUPPLY AHU 4

RETURN AHU 4 RETURN AHU 2

VAV BOX

GENERAL NOTES

LEVEL 2 MECHANICAL

PROJECT NUMBER

Level 2 Mechanical Plan

Level 3 Mechanical Plan DATE

DRAWN BY

AHU 3 SUPPLY FEED SUPPLY AHU 3 18" x 12"

41" x 30"

41" x 30"

18" x 24"

VAV BOX

12" x 14"

12" x 9"

SUPPLY AHU 2 AHU 2 SUPPLY FEED

XXX

XX

AHU 3 SUPPLY FEED SUPPLY AHU 3 RETURN AHU 3

41" x 30"

VAV BOX

41" x 30"

SCALE 3/16"=1'

33" x 30"

VAV BOX

41" x 30"

THOMAS BARKER

M1-03

OPERABLE WINDOWS (TYP.)

33" x 30"

VAV BOX

12/20/2015

CHECKED BY

SUPPLY AHU 4

18" x 24"

41" x 30"

SUPPLY AHU 2

RETURN AHU 4

12" x 18"

33" x 30"

12" x 9"

12" x 14"

AHU 2 SUPPLY FEED

RETURN AHU 3

33" x 30"

RETURN AHU 4

GROUP CLASS A601

SUPPLY AHU 4

AHU 4 SUPPLY FEED

33" x 30"

33" x 30"

AHU 4 SUPPLY FEED

STORAGE A601

AHU 3 SUPPLY FEED RETURN AHU 1 SUPPLY AHU 1

AHU 3 SUPPLY FEED 36" x 48"

36" x 48"

12" x 14"

RETURN AHU 1

LOW -E TEMPERED GLASS (TYP.)

WOMENS LOCKER ROOM A601 VAV 12" x 14"

SUPPLY AHU 1

BOX

36" x 48"

36" x 48"

12" x 14"

KEY PLAN

12" x 14"

VAV BOX

FIN TUBE RADIATOR

FIN TUBE RADIATOR

OPERABLE WINDOWS (TYP.)

SUPPLY AHU 4 RETURN AHU 4 RETURN AHU 2

33" x 30"

VAV BOX

18" x 24"

SUPPLY AHU 4

GROUP CLASS A601

PROJECT DATA

33" x 30"

41" x 30"

41" x 30"

18" x 12"

33" x 30"

33" x 30"

RETURN

AHU 2 ARCH 513.02 COMPREHENSIVE STUDIO ROGER WILLIAMS UNIVERSITY SAAHP FALL 2015 ARCH 513_02_15FA PROFESSOR: ROBERTO VIOLA OCHOA

41" x 30"

41" x 30"

VAV BOX

12" x 14"

SUPPLY AHU 2

SUPPLY AHU 2

AHU 2 SUPPLY FEED

AHU 2 SUPPLY FEED

Level 6 Mechanical Plan

RETURN AHU 4

LEVEL 6

Level 7 Framing Plan MECHANICAL PROJECT NUMBER DATE DRAWN BY

XXX

12/20/2015 THOMAS BARKER

101

TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS 1.

3.

4.

1. AHU Zone 1 2. AHU Zone 2 3. AHU Zone 3 4. AHU Zone 4 5. Heating Pumps 6. AHU Supply from Geothermal 7. Bathroom Exhaust

2.

7.

6.

5.

Mechanical Axon

102

FILLING THE VOID

MADRID, SPAIN

103

TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS SUSTAINABLE STRATEGIES 1. Passive Ventilation 2. Sunshading 3. Evaporative Cooling 4. Geothermal (Vertical Closed Loop)

3

1

2

2

4

104

FILLING THE VOID

MADRID, SPAIN

PREVAILING NORTHERN WINDS

PASSIVE VENTILATION

Keeping the northern sliver of the site free from obstruction allows prevailing winds to flow throughout the site and into the building. The central patio creates a natural stack effect that will move hot air up and away from the building, helping to naturally regulate the temperature.

Site Ventilation

With the addition of the central patio, the dimensions of the building became narrower which allows breezes to easily pass through the building, thereby enhancing the natural cooling effects.

Wind Rose

Cross Ventilation

105

TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS

1. Misting apparatus’ 2. Native plantings

EVAPORATIVE COOLING The building uses evaporative cooling in two ways as another passive method to cool the environment.

The first is through the introduction of a misting system that occurs on the ground floor. In the ceiling of the ground floor is a system that sprays water into the air, cooling it down.

The second method of evaporative cooling comes by the way of native planting. Around the site, trees are added as a way of enhancing the public experience by both softening the landscape, providing shade, and adding moisture into the air.

1.

2.

On floors 2-7, gum rockrose and rosemary are added outside of operable windows as a way of adding moisture to the air as well as offering refreshing colors and smells.

Ash

Strawberry Tree

Gum Rockrose

European Beech

Blackwood Acacia

Rosemary

Mill Owners Association Building | Le Corbusier Evaporative cooling from vegetation

106

FILLING THE VOID

MADRID, SPAIN

Southern Facade Sun Study

SUN SHADING

The majority of the building’s facade faces the southern sun, which meant that a means of sun shading had to be implemented to reduce the solar gain. After several studies to the facade, a terracotta and metal screen was chosen. The screen limited the amount of light into the building, but still allowed for views in and out of the building. The building envelope allows for most direct sunlight to be blocked in the summer, yet lets the sun in during the winter months.

Winter Solstice 10:00 am

Winter Solstice 12:00 pm

Winter Solstice 03:00 pm

Summer Solstice 10:00 am

Summer Solstice 12:00 pm

Summer Solstice 03:00 pm

107

TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS

4 1. Geothermal Loops 2. Heat Pumps 3. AHU Supply 4. AHUs

3 GEOTHERMAL ENERGY One of the client’s requirements for the project was that 60% of the site remained open for exterior program. Because of this, it opened the opportunity to add a geothermal system into the project. Because of the large heating + cooling requirement of the building (110 tons Mcal/sec) a vertical closed loop system was chosen.

At 21ft apart, there are 28 loops in the system, and each is 600ft deep. Since each loop offsets the load of 4 tons of cooling, there will be enough geothermal to heat and cool the entire building with minimal additional energy used.

2 1

108

FILLING THE VOID

MADRID, SPAIN

109

TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS Floor 7

Floor 5/6 & Frame

1

Floor 4

2

STRUCTURE

The goal in designing the structure of this building is to create a clear organization of spaces around the central patio, and to utilize structure to help define these spaces. Steel was chosen for two reasons: first, it is a sustainable solution in that it can be recycled, and two, its light weight appearance over other conventional structural materials does not detract from the project.

Floor 3

Floor 2

The biggest design obstacle was a desire to create a dramatic and open exterior ground floor, specifically within the large exterior staircase. To do so, four columns needed to be eliminated on that ground floor. Doing this allowed a greater sense of lightness to the building, and created unobstructed views to the garden space. This was resolved by introducing two virendeel frames in the 5th/6th floor, and suspending the subsequent floors below.

The middle loads for a portion of the second, third, and fourth floors would be transferred up to the virendeel frame, and then down through the exterior walls (1).

1. Diagram of Virendeel Frame with Suspended Floors

Frames

Tension Rods

2. Diagram Through Section 110

FILLING THE VOID

MADRID, SPAIN

MULTIFRAME ANALYSIS Max Deflection: 1.24 in

Max Moment: 106 kips

Max Axial Stress: 87.24 kips

Multiframe 4D was used as a preliminary structural analysis to determine the stresses and deflections within the structure. After initial studies, additional cross bracing and beam re sizing helped the structural system to become more efficient and stable. As expected, the maximum stresses are within the area of the virendeel frame and the floors that it is supporting.

Max Shear Stress: 16.59 kips

111

COMMUNITY CE

LAVAPIES, MADRID

GENERAL NOTES

TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS

GENERAL NOTES

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W8

W 12

W8

W 12

W 14

W 16

KEY PLAN

W 16

W 21

TYP. 48"x48" CONCRETE FOOTING

ELEVATOR CORE 6"C.I.P. CONCRETE

W 21

W8

W 14

KEY PLAN

W8

W 18

W 18

W 18

W 14

W8

W 21

PROJECT DATA

ARCH 513.02 COMPREHENSIVE ST ROGER WILLIAMS UNIVERSITY SAAHP FALL 2015 ARCH 513_02_15FA PROFESSOR: ROBERTO VIOLA OC

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W8

W 12

W 18 W 12

W8

W 12

ARCH 513.02 COMPREHENSIVE STUDIO ROGER WILLIAMS UNIVERSITY SAAHP FALL 2015 ARCH 513_02_15FA PROFESSOR: ROBERTO VIOLA OCHOA

W 21

W 12

W 14

PROJECT DATA

W 18

W8

W 18

W8

W 16

W 16 TYP. FOUNDATION WALL 24" C.I.P. CONCRETE 36" CONCRETE FOOTING

W 14

W 16

SLAB EDGE

6" CONCRETE SLAB

W 18

ESTA ES UNA PLAZA COMMUNITY CENTER

GROUND L FRAMING P

ESTA ES UNA PLAZA COMMUNITY CENTER

LAVAPIES, MADRID, SPAIN

LAVAPIES, MADRID, SPAIN

FOOTING PLAN

Foundation Plan

GENERAL NOTES

Ground Floor Framing Plan XXX

W 31

W 12

W 31

W 12

W 18

W 12

W 06

W 31 W 18

W 12

W 06

W 18

W 12

W 12

W8 W 21

PROJECT DATA

W8

W 18

W 12

LEVEL 4 FRAMING PLAN

XXX

PROJECT NUMBER DATE

12/20/2015

DRAWN BY

THOMAS BARKER

CHECKED BY

XX Level 5 Framing Plan

S1-05

SCALE 3/16"=1'

W 31 W 12

W 21

W 31

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 06 W 12

W 12

W 14

W8

W 06

ARCH 513.02 COMPREHENSIVE STUDIO ROGER WILLIAMS UNIVERSITY SAAHP FALL 2015 ARCH 513_02_15FA PROFESSOR: ROBERTO VIOLA OCHOA

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 06

KEY PLAN

W 31

W 16

W 16

W 12

PROJECT DATA W 12

W8

W 06

W 18

W 18X

W 18X

W 12

W 06

W8

W8

W 16

W 12

W 16

W 18

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W8

W8

W 12

W 12

W 06

W 14

Level 4 Framing Plan

W8

W 14

W 12

W8 W 12

W 14

W 18

W 21

KEY PLAN

W 16

W 18

W 21

W 21

W 06

W 18

W8

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 18

W 16

W8

W 18

W8

W 16

W 14

W 14

W 06

W 12

W 18

W 14

W 12

W 12

W 18

W 06

W8

SCALE 3/16"=1'

W 14

W 18

W 16

W 16

W 21

SCALE 81"=1'

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 18

W 12

W 12

W8

W 12

W 14

W 12

W8

W8

W 12

W 21

XX

W 12

S1-01

W 14

S1-0

THOMAS BARKER

CHECKED BY

T

CHECKED BY

12/20/2015

DRAWN BY

112

DRAWN BY

PROJECT NUMBER DATE

W 16

PROJECT NUMBER

GENERALDATE NOTES

W8

W 21

W 18

W 06

ARCH 513.02 COMPREHENSIVE STUDIO ROGER WILLIAMS UNIVERSITY SAAHP FALL 2015 ARCH 513_02_15FA PROFESSOR: ROBERTO VIOLA OCHOA

W 12

LEVEL 5 FRAMING PLAN

PROJECT NUMBER DATE

12/20/2

DRAWN BY

THOMAS BARK

CHECKED BY

S1-06

COM

COMMUNITY CENTER

LAV

LAVAPIES, MADRID, SPAIN

FILLING THE VOID

GENERAL NOTES

W 14

W 21

W 18

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 06

W 14

W 14

W8

W 21

W 18

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 18

W 12

W 06

KEY PLAN

W 18

W 18

W 18

W 18

W 12

W 06

W 18

W 12

W 12

PROJECT

ARCH 513.02 ROGER WILL SAAHP FALL ARCH 513_02 PROFESSOR:

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 06

W8

ARCH 513.02 COMPREHENSIVE STUDIO ROGER WILLIAMS UNIVERSITY SAAHP FALL 2015 ARCH 513_02_15FA PROFESSOR: ROBERTO VIOLA OCHOA

W 12

W8 W 12

W 14

PROJECT DATA W 06

W 21

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 18

W 18

W8

W 16

W 06 W 16

W 12

W 16

W 18

W8 W 12

W8

W 18

W 18

W 18

W 14

W 12

W 06

W 12

W 12

W 18

W 18

KEY PLAN

W8 W 21

W 06

W8

W 16

W 12

W 16

W 12

W8

W 12

W 14

W 18

W 12

W 16

W 16

W8

W 06

W 06

W8

W 18

W 16

W 16 W 16

W 14

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W8

W 12

W 14

W 12

W8

W8

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 06

W 21

W 21

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 18

W 12

W 12

W8

W 12

W 14

W 12

W 21

W8

W8

W 12

W 14

GENERAL

MADRID, SPAIN

W8

W 21

W 18

W 06

W 12

W 12

FRA

LEVEL 2 FRAMING PLAN

ESTA ES U COMMUNIT

ESTA ES UNA PLAZA COMMUNITY CENTER

LAVAPIES, PROJECTMA NU

LAVAPIES, MADRID, SPAIN DATE

DRAWN BY

12/20/2015

GENERAL NOTES

Level 2 Framing Plan

DATE

XXX

PROJECT NUMBER DRAWN BY

GENERALCHECKED NOTES B

Level 3 Framing Plan XX THOMAS BARKER

CHECKED BY

S

S1-03

SCALE 3/16"

SCALE 3/16"=1'

W 31

W 31

W 12

W 06

W 12

W 12

W 18

W 12

W 06

KEY PLAN

W 31

W 31 W 18

W 12

W 06

W 18

W 12

W 12

W8 W 21

PROJECT DATA

W8

ARCH 513.02 COMPREHEN ROGER WILLIAMS UNIVERS SAAHP FALL 2015 ARCH 513_02_15FA PROFESSOR: ROBERTO VIO

W 21

W 18

W 31

W 12

W 31

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 06 W 12

W 12

W8

W8 W 14

W 18

W 06

W 18

W 18X

W 18X

W 16 W 16

W 16

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W8

W 18

W8

W8

W 14

ARCH 513.02 COMPREHENSIVE STUDIO ROGER WILLIAMS UNIVERSITY SAAHP FALL 2015 ARCH 513_02_15FA PROFESSOR: ROBERTO VIOLA OCHOA

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W8

W 12 W 16 W 16

PROJECT DATA

W 21

W8

W 18

W8

W8

W 14

W 14

W 18

W 18

W 21

W 12 W 14

KEY PLAN

W8

W8

W 12

W 14

W 18

W8

W 16

W 16

W 16

W 14

W 21

W 21

W 18

W8

W 18

W 16

W 16

W 21

W 14

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 18

W 12

W 12

W8

W 12

W 14

W 12

W 21

W8

W8

W 12

W 14

W 06

W 12

LEVE FRAMIN

LEVEL 6 FRAMING PLAN

DATE

Level 6 Framing Plan

PROJECT NUMBER

XXX

PROJECT NUMBER

DATE

12/20/2015

DRAWN BY

DRAWN BY

THOMAS BARKER

CHECKED BY

S1-07

SCALE 3/16"=1'

CHECKED BY

Level 7 Framing Plan XX

113

S1-

SCALE 3/16"=1'

TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS

1. Retaining Wall & Footings

2. Basement Structure

3. Ground Floor Framing

8. Sixth Floor

9. Seventh Floor (Completed)

VIRENDEEL FRAMES

SUSPENDED STRUCTURE

7. Fifth Floor with Virendeel Frame & Suspended Elements

114

FILLING THE VOID

4. Second Floor Framing

5. Third Floor Framing

MADRID, SPAIN

6. Fourth Floor Framing

Structural & Mechanical Axon 115

TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS

2.

EXTERIOR ENVELOPE

The two biggest technical considerations when designing the exterior envelope were to attach the screen to the building, and create portions of accessible ‘balcony’ space that would reflect those found around the neighborhood.

4.

1.

These two considerations were resolved by developing a bracket system (3) that would support both the grates, as well as an angle for the screen. These brackets would run through the spandrel glass of the curtain wall, and attach to the building’s structure. The whole system lends the facade a material lightness.

5.

6.

7.

1. Typical Floor Assembly 2. Curtain Wall 3. Brackets for Grate 4. Accessible Steel Grate 5. Steel Angles 6. Terra cotta + Metal screen 7. Mullion Attachment 116

3.

FILLING THE VOID

MADRID, SPAIN

117

TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS

South Elevation (Calle de Doctor Fourquet)

118

FILLING THE VOID

MADRID, SPAIN

East Elevation 119

TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS

ACCESSIBILITY

The topography that is found around Lavapies is one of the neighborhood’s most unique and defining characteristics. However, it is not an ideal situation for many people who are either physically disabled or elderly.

Fortunately, the streets around the site (Calle de Doctor Forquet + Calle de Sombreria) do not exceed a slope of 5% (1:20) so they are accessible to the building. Since the main entrance to the building is from the south (Calle de Doctor Forquet), it was vital that this remained accessible to all. Therefore, the piazza space on the ground floor of the building aligns with the street, and has a slope of 0%.

Throughout the remainder of the building, it is accessible by either the exterior ramp in the garden space (1:21) or by elevators within the building.

Typical Lavapies Street

120

Calle de Doctor Forquet

Calle de Sombreria

FILLING THE VOID

CALLE

DE

SOMBRERIA

MADRID, SPAIN

1: 33 (3%)

0: 16 (6%)

1: 21 (5%) ELEVATOR 0: 0 (0%)

MAIN ENTRANCE

1: 25 (6%)

121

TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS

CHILDRENS WC A701

PLUMBING

KEY PLAN

PROJECT DATA

ARCH 513.02 COMPREHENSIVE STUDIO ROGER WILLIAMS UNIVERSITY SAAHP FALL 2015 ARCH 513_02_15F PROFESSOR: ROBERTO VIOLA OCHOA

MENS WC A200

PLUMBING XXX

PROJECT NUMBER DATE

12/20/2015

DRAWN BY

THOMAS BARKER

CHECKED BY WOMENS WC A201

CHILDRENS WC A701

A0-03

XX

SCALE 1/16"=1'

Second Floor (Typical) Bathroom Layout

122

Day care Bathroom Layout

FILLING THE VOID

MADRID, SPAIN

EXIT 1 4 DOORS @ 32"EA 10'-8" TOTAL EGRESS

EXIT 1 4 DOORS @ 32"EA 10'-8" TOTAL EGRESS

48'-10" TOTAL

48'-10" TOTAL

EXIT 2 8 DOORS @ 32"EA 21'-4" TOTAL EGRESS

EXIT 2 8 DOORS @ 32"EA 21'-4" TOTAL EGRESS

EXIT 1 4 DOORS @ 32"EA 10'-8" TOTAL EGRESS

EXIT 1 4 DOORS @ 32"EA 10'-8" TOTAL EGRESS

FIRE SAFETY The maximum travel distance (sprinkled) for fire safety precautions ranged from 200’ (day care & fitness) to 250’ (cafe, education, library). After going through each of the building’s floors and mapping out the maximum distance to the fire stairs, the maximum travel distance is 136’-9” on the second floor.

Ground Floor Egress Route

Both fire stairs exit into the lobby which then feeds directly outside through several doors, creating a safe exit.

136'-8" TOTAL

136'-8" TOTAL

133'-2" TOTAL

133'-2" TOTAL

Second Floor Egress Route (Max)

123

APPENDIX EUROPE

SPAIN

MADRID

APPENDIX

ESTA ES UNA PLAZA COMMUNITY CENTER LAVAPIES, MADRID, SPAIN

ESTA ES UNA PLAZA COMMUNITY CENTER LAVAPIES, MADRID, SPAIN

GENERAL NOTES

SCHEMATIC DESIGN SET

DRAWING LIST SHEET NUMBER

SHEET NAME

A0-00

COVER SHEET

A0-01

OCCUPANCY/EGRESS

A0-02

EGRESS ROUTES

A0-03

PLUMBING

A0-04

BUILDING RENDERINGS

A1-00

SITE PLAN

A1-01

BASEMENT PLAN

A1-02

GROUND FLOOR PLAN

A1-03

SECOND FLOOR PLAN

A1-04

THIRD FLOOR PLAN

A1-05

FOURTH FLOOR PLAN

A1-06

FIFTH FLOOR PLAN

A1-07

SIXTH FLOOR PLAN

A1-08

SEVENTH FLOOR PLAN

A1-09

ROOF PLAN

A2-00

BUILDING SECTION

A2-01

BUILDING SECTION

A2-02

ELEVATIONS

A2-03

ELEVATIONS

A3-00

WALL SECTION

A3-01

ASSEMBLY AXONOMETRIC

M1-01

BASEMENT MECHANICAL PLAN

M1-02

GROUND FLOOR MECHANICAL PLAN

M1-03

SECOND FLOOR MECHANICAL PLAN

M1-04

THIRD FLOOR MECHANICAL PLAN

M1-05

FOURTH FLOOR MECHANICAL PLAN

M1-06

FIFTH FLOOR MECHANICAL PLAN

M1-07

SIXTH FLOOR MECHANICAL PLAN

M1-08

SEVENTH FLOOR MECHANICAL PLAN

M1-09

MECHANICAL AXONOMETRIC

S1-01

FOUNDATION PLAN

S1-02

GROUND FLOOR FRAMING PLAN

S1-03

SECOND FLOOR FRAMING PLAN

S1-04

THIRD FLOOR FRAMING PLAN

S1-05

FOURTH FLOOR FRAMING PLAN

S1-06

FIFTH FLOOR FRAMING PLAN

S1-07

SIXTH FLOOR FRAMING PLAN

S1-08

SEVENTH FLOOR FRAMING PLAN

S1-09

ROOF FRAMING PLAN

S1-10

STRUCTURAL AXONOMETRIC

S2-00

INTEGRATED STRUCTURAL & MECH

KEY PLAN

PROJECT DATA

ARCH 513.02 COMPREHENSIVE STUDIO ROGER WILLIAMS UNIVERSITY SAAHP FALL 2015 ARCH513_02_15FA PROFESSOR: ROBERTO VIOLA OCHOA

DATE

12/20/2015

DRAWN BY

THOMAS BARKER

CHECKED BY

A0-00

SCALE: AS NOTED

126

XXX

PROJECT NUMBER

XX

FILLING THE VOID

MADRID, SPAIN

ESTA ES UNA PLAZA COMMUNITY CENTER LAVAPIES, MADRID, SPAIN

GENERAL NOTES

KEY PLAN

PROJECT DATA

ARCH 513.02 COMPREHENSIVE STUDIO ROGER WILLIAMS UNIVERSITY SAAHP FALL 2015 ARCH 513_02_15FA PROFESSOR: ROBERTO VIOLA OCHOA

OCCUPANCY + EGRESS

PROJECT NUMBER DATE

XXX

12/20/2015

DRAWN BY

THOMAS BARKER

CHECKED BY

A0-02

XX

SCALE

127

APPENDIX ESTA ES UNA PLAZA COMMUNITY CENTER LAVAPIES, MADRID, SPAIN

138'-9" TOTAL

GENERAL NOTES

135'-2" TOTAL 1

A3-00

EXIT 1 4 DOORS @ 32"EA 10'-8" TOTAL EGRESS

131'-9" TOTAL

48'-10" TOTAL

EXIT 2 8 DOORS @ 32"EA 21'-4" TOTAL EGRESS

EXIT 1 4 DOORS @ 32"EA 10'-8" TOTAL EGRESS

128'-2" TOTAL

KEY PLAN

136'-8" TOTAL

91'-6" TOTAL

PROJECT DATA 133'-2" TOTAL

87'-11" TOTAL

ARCH 513.02 COMPREHENSIVE STUDIO ROGER WILLIAMS UNIVERSITY SAAHP FALL 2015 ARCH 513_02_15FA PROFESSOR: ROBERTO VIOLA OCHOA

EGRESS ROUTES 133'-9" TOTAL 133'-9" TOTAL

XXX

PROJECT NUMBER DATE

12/20/2015

DRAWN BY

THOMAS BARKER

CHECKED BY 130'-2" TOTAL 130'-2" TOTAL

A0-02

SCALE 1/16"=1'

128

XX

FILLING THE VOID

MADRID, SPAIN

ESTA ES UNA PLAZA COMMUNITY CENTER LAVAPIES, MADRID, SPAIN

GENERAL NOTES

MENS WC A200

CHILDRENS WC A701

KEY PLAN

WOMENS WC A201

PROJECT DATA

ARCH 513.02 COMPREHENSIVE STUDIO ROGER WILLIAMS UNIVERSITY SAAHP FALL 2015 ARCH 513_02_15F PROFESSOR: ROBERTO VIOLA OCHOA

PLUMBING XXX

PROJECT NUMBER DATE

12/20/2015

DRAWN BY

THOMAS BARKER

CHECKED BY

A0-03

XX

SCALE 1/16"=1'

129

APPENDIX ESTA ES UNA PLAZA COMMUNITY CENTER LAVAPIES, MADRID, SPAIN

GENERAL NOTES

KEY PLAN

PROJECT DATA

ARCH 513.02 COMPREHENSIVE STUDIO ROGER WILLIAMS UNIVERSITY SAAHP FALL 2015 ARCH 513_02_15F PROFESSOR: ROBERTO VIOLA OCHOA

BUILDING RENDERINGS

PROJECT NUMBER DATE DRAWN BY

THOMAS BARKER

CHECKED BY

A0-04

SCALE

130

XXX

12/20/2015 XX

FILLING THE VOID

MADRID, SPAIN

ESTA ES UNA PLAZA COMMUNITY CENTER LAVAPIES, MADRID, SPAIN

CA

LL

GENERAL NOTES

E

LL

E CA LL E

CA

L DE

DE

GU

O CT DO

CALLE

AR

MO

LL

E

DE

L

SA

LI

TR

E

R

SA

CA

ET

RV

SE

CA

DE

E

GA

CALLE

PI

LL

SOMBRERIA

KEY PLAN

DE

AR DE

GU

CALLE

DEL

DOCTOR

MO

SA

FOURQUET

PROJECT DATA

MA

LLO

RC A

ARCH 513.02 COMPREHENSIVE STUDIO ROGER WILLIAMS UNIVERSITY SAAHP FALL 2015 ARCH 513_02_15FA PROFESSOR: ROBERTO VIOLA OCHOA

DE

SITE PLAN

VALENCIA

XXX

PROJECT NUMBER DATE

12/20/2015

CA

LLE

DRAWN BY

THOMAS BARKER

CHECKED BY VALENCIA

A1-00

XX

SCALE 321 "=1'

131

APPENDIX ESTA ES UNA PLAZA COMMUNITY CENTER LAVAPIES, MADRID, SPAIN

GENERAL NOTES

HEAT PUMP

HEAT PUMP

STORAGE A-101

KEY PLAN

HEAT PUMP

CUSTODIAL A-101

STORAGE A-101

MECHANICAL A-101 MENS WC A-101

WOMENS WC A-101

1

A3-00

HEAT PUMP

STORAGE A-101

PROJECT DATA

ARCH 513.02 COMPREHENSIVE STUDIO ROGER WILLIAMS UNIVERSITY SAAHP FALL 2015 ARCH 513_02_15FA PROFESSOR: ROBERTO VIOLA OCHOA

LEVEL -1 XXX

PROJECT NUMBER DATE

12/20/2015

DRAWN BY

THOMAS BARKER

CHECKED BY

A1-01

SCALE 81"=1'

132

XX

FILLING THE VOID

MADRID, SPAIN

ESTA ES UNA PLAZA COMMUNITY CENTER 1

SOMBRERIA

GENERAL NOTES 1998.5'

KEY PLAN

1993.5'

STORAGE A101

1983.5

RECEPTION A101

A2-01

1 MENS WC A101

1981.5

PROJECT DATA

ARCH 513.02 COMPREHENSIVE STUDIO ROGER WILLIAMS UNIVERSITY SAAHP FALL 2015 ARCH 513_02_15FA PROFESSOR: ROBERTO VIOLA OCHOA

WOMENS WC A101

1

A3-00

1

LEVEL 1 A2-01

DE

A2-01

LAVAPIES, MADRID, SPAIN

CALLE

DEL

DOCTOR

FOURQUET

XXX

PROJECT NUMBER DATE

12/20/2015

DRAWN BY

THOMAS BARKER

CHECKED BY

A1-02

XX

SCALE 81"=1'

133

APPENDIX ESTA ES UNA PLAZA COMMUNITY CENTER LAVAPIES, MADRID, SPAIN

1

A2-01

GENERAL NOTES

OPERABLE WINDOWS (TYP.)

MAGAZINES A101

KEY PLAN

KITCHEN A101

MECHANICAL A201

LOW -E TEMPERED GLASS (TYP.)

CUSTODIAL A201

STORAGE A201

A2-01

CAFE A101

A2-01

FIN TUBE RADIATOR

1

1 MENS WC A201 SUPPLY 4"

OPERABLE WINDOWS (TYP.)

GREY WATER 4" BLACK WATER 6" VENTILATION 4"

PROJECT DATA

WOMENS WC A201

1

A3-00

ARCH 513.02 COMPREHENSIVE STUDIO ROGER WILLIAMS UNIVERSITY SAAHP FALL 2015 ARCH 513_02_15FA PROFESSOR: ROBERTO VIOLA OCHOA

1

A2-01

MAGAZINES A101

CALLE

DEL

DOCTOR

LEVEL 2

FOURQUET

XXX

PROJECT NUMBER DATE

11/7/2015

DRAWN BY

THOMAS BARKER

CHECKED BY

A1-03

SCALE 81"=1'

134

XX

FILLING THE VOID

MADRID, SPAIN

ESTA ES UNA PLAZA COMMUNITY CENTER LAVAPIES, MADRID, SPAIN

DE

SOMBRERIA

1

A2-01

GENERAL NOTES

KEY PLAN OPERABLE WINDOWS (TYP.)

90.0000

90.0000

123.2400

COMPUTER LAB A301

MECHANICAL A301

LOW -E TEMPERED GLASS (TYP.)

CUSTODIAL A301

STORAGE A301

A2-01

PROJECTION ROOM A301

FIN TUBE RADIATOR

LECTURE HALL A301

1

A2-01

1

PROJECT DATA

ARCH 513.02 COMPREHENSIVE STUDIO ROGER WILLIAMS UNIVERSITY SAAHP FALL 2015 ARCH 513_02_15FA PROFESSOR: ROBERTO VIOLA OCHOA

MENS WC A301 OPERABLE WINDOWS (TYP.)

WOMENS WC A301

1

A3-00

WORKSHOP A301

COMPUTER LAB A301

123.0000

90.0000

LEVEL 3

90.0000

1

122.9881

A2-01

CALLE

CALLE

DEL

DOCTOR

FOURQUET

XXX

PROJECT NUMBER DATE

11/7/2015

DRAWN BY

THOMAS BARKER

CHECKED BY

A1-04

XX

SCALE 81"=1'

135

APPENDIX ESTA ES UNA PLAZA COMMUNITY CENTER DE

LAVAPIES, MADRID, SPAIN

SOMBRERIA

1

A2-01

GENERAL NOTES

KEY PLAN

OPERABLE WINDOWS (TYP.)

WORKSHOP A401

STACKS A401 MECHANICAL A201

LOW -E TEMPERED GLASS (TYP.)

CUSTODIAL A401

STORAGE A401

A2-01

LIBRARY ASSISTANCE A401

1

PRINTING ROOM A401

A2-01

FIN TUBE RADIATOR

1

PROJECT DATA

OPERABLE WINDOWS (TYP.)

ARCH 513.02 COMPREHENSIVE STUDIO ROGER WILLIAMS UNIVERSITY SAAHP FALL 2015 ARCH 513_02_15FA PROFESSOR: ROBERTO VIOLA OCHOA

LIBRARY LOCKERS A401

1

A3-00

WORKSHOP A401

1

A2-01

LEVEL 4 CALLE

DEL

DOCTOR

FOURQUET

XXX

PROJECT NUMBER DATE

11/7/2015

DRAWN BY

THOMAS BARKER

CHECKED BY

A1-05

SCALE 81"=1'

136

XX

FILLING THE VOID

MADRID, SPAIN

ESTA ES UNA PLAZA COMMUNITY CENTER LAVAPIES, MADRID, SPAIN

DE

SOMBRERIA

1

A2-01

GENERAL NOTES

KEY PLAN OPERABLE WINDOWS (TYP.)

EXTERIOR FITNESS A501

STORAGE A501

FITNESS RECEPTION A501

LOW -E TEMPERED GLASS (TYP.)

MENS LOCKER ROOM A501

A2-01

A2-01

FIN TUBE RADIATOR

1

1

PROJECT DATA

ARCH 513.02 COMPREHENSIVE STUDIO ROGER WILLIAMS UNIVERSITY SAAHP FALL 2015 ARCH 513_02_15FA PROFESSOR: ROBERTO VIOLA OCHOA

OPERABLE WINDOWS (TYP.)

FITNESS A501

OFFICE A501

1

A3-00

1

LEVEL 5 A2-01

CALLE

CALLE

DEL

DOCTOR

FOURQUET

XXX

PROJECT NUMBER DATE

11/7/2015

DRAWN BY

THOMAS BARKER

CHECKED BY

A1-06

XX

SCALE 81"=1'

137

APPENDIX ESTA ES UNA PLAZA COMMUNITY CENTER LAVAPIES, MADRID, SPAIN

GENERAL NOTES

1

SOMBRERIA

A2-01

DE

KEY PLAN OPERABLE WINDOWS (TYP.)

GROUP CLASS A601

STORAGE A601

PROJECT DATA

LOW -E TEMPERED GLASS (TYP.)

WOMENS LOCKER ROOM A601

A2-01

A2-01

FIN TUBE RADIATOR

1

1

OPERABLE WINDOWS (TYP.)

ARCH 513.02 COMPREHENSIVE STUDIO ROGER WILLIAMS UNIVERSITY SAAHP FALL 2015 ARCH 513_02_15FA PROFESSOR: ROBERTO VIOLA OCHOA

GROUP CLASS A601

1

A3-00

LEVEL 6 XXX

PROJECT NUMBER 1

A2-01

DATE CALLE

DEL

DOCTOR

FOURQUET

11/7/2015

DRAWN BY

THOMAS BARKER

CHECKED BY

A1-07

SCALE 81"=1'

138

XX

FILLING THE VOID

MADRID, SPAIN

ESTA ES UNA PLAZA COMMUNITY CENTER LAVAPIES, MADRID, SPAIN

DE

GENERAL NOTES

SOMBRERIA

KEY PLAN OPERABLE WINDOWS (TYP.)

AHU 3 SUPPLY FEED SUPPLY AHU 3 RETURN AHU 3

41" x 30"

41" x 30"

RETURN AHU 4 SUPPLY AHU 4

READING ROOM A701

33" x 30"

33" x 30"

AHU 4 SUPPLY FEED

MECHANICAL A701

AHU 3 SUPPLY FEED RETURN AHU 1 SUPPLY AHU 1

36" x 48"

36" x 48"

PROJECT DATA

LOW -E TEMPERED GLASS (TYP.)

CUSTODIAL A201

STORAGE A201

ARCH 513.02 COMPREHENSIVE STUDIO ROGER WILLIAMS UNIVERSITY SAAHP FALL 2015 ARCH 513_02_15FA PROFESSOR: ROBERTO VIOLA OCHOA

DAYCARE A701

FIN TUBE RADIATOR

KITCHENETTE A701 OPERABLE WINDOWS (TYP.)

CHILDRENS WC A701 SUPPLY AHU 4 RETURN AHU 4 RETURN AHU 2

33" x 30"

33" x 30"

OFFICE A701

LEVEL 7

CUBBIES A701

41" x 30"

41" x 30"

SUPPLY AHU 2 AHU 2 SUPPLY FEED

XXX

PROJECT NUMBER DATE CALLE

DEL

DOCTOR

FOURQUET

12/20/2015

DRAWN BY

THOMAS BARKER

CHECKED BY

A1-08

XX

SCALE 81"=1'

139

APPENDIX ESTA ES UNA PLAZA COMMUNITY CENTER LAVAPIES, MADRID, SPAIN

CALLE

DE

GENERAL NOTES

SOMBRERIA

KEY PLAN

AHU 3

AHU 3 SUPPLY FEED

AHU 4 SUPPLY FEED

AHU 3

PROJECT DATA

AHU 3 SUPPLY FEED

ARCH 513.02 COMPREHENSIVE STUDIO ROGER WILLIAMS UNIVERSITY SAAHP FALL 2015 ARCH 513_02_15FA PROFESSOR: ROBERTO VIOLA OCHOA

AHU 4

BATHROOM VENTILATION

ROOF PLAN

1

A3-00

AHU 2

AHU 2 SUPPLY FEED

XXX

PROJECT NUMBER DATE CALLE

DEL

DOCTOR

FOURQUET

12/20/2015

DRAWN BY

THOMAS BARKER

CHECKED BY

A1-09

SCALE 81"=1'

140

XX

FILLING THE VOID

MADRID, SPAIN

ESTA ES UNA PLAZA COMMUNITY CENTER LAVAPIES, MADRID, SPAIN

1

A2-01

GENERAL NOTES

DAYCARE A701

CHILDRENS WC A701

WOMENS LOCKER ROOM A601

FITNESS A501 MENS LOCKER ROOM A501

WC A401

FITNESS RECEPTION A501

LIBRARY RECEPTION A401

LIBRARY STACKS A401

WC A301

PROJECTION A301

LECTURE HALL A301

KEY PLAN

CAFE A201

WC A201

RECEPTION A101

PROJECT DATA

1

A2-01

ARCH 513.02 COMPREHENSIVE STUDIO ROGER WILLIAMS UNIVERSITY SAAHP FALL 2015 ARCH 513_02_15FA PROFESSOR: ROBERTO VIOLA OCHOA

BUILDING SECTION

PROJECT NUMBER DATE

XXX

12/20/2015

DRAWN BY

THOMAS BARKER

CHECKED BY

A2-00

XX

SCALE 81"=1'

141

APPENDIX ESTA ES UNA PLAZA COMMUNITY CENTER LAVAPIES, MADRID, SPAIN

1

A2-00

GENERAL NOTES

READING ROOM A701

DAYCARE OFFICE A701

GROUP EXERCISE A601

GROUP EXERCISE A601

EXTERIOR FITNESS A501

FITNESS OFFICE A501

WORKSHOP A401

WORKSHOP A401

COMPUTER LAB A301

WORKSHOP A301

KEY PLAN

MAGAZINES A201

MAGAZINES A201

5.0%

PROJECT DATA

1

A2-00

ARCH 513.02 COMPREHENSIVE STUDIO ROGER WILLIAMS UNIVERSITY SAAHP FALL 2015 ARCH 513_02_15FA PROFESSOR: ROBERTO VIOLA OCHOA

BUILDING SECTION

PROJECT NUMBER DATE DRAWN BY

THOMAS BARKER

CHECKED BY

A2-01

SCALE 81"=1'

142

XXX

12/20/2015 XX

FILLING THE VOID

MADRID, SPAIN

ESTA ES UNA PLAZA COMMUNITY CENTER LAVAPIES, MADRID, SPAIN

GENERAL NOTES

KEY PLAN

PROJECT DATA

ARCH 513.02 COMPREHENSIVE STUDIO ROGER WILLIAMS UNIVERSITY SAAHP FALL 2015 ARCH 513_01_15FA

SOUTH ELEVATION

PROJECT NUMBER DATE

XXX

12/20/2015

DRAWN BY

THOMAS BARKER

CHECKED BY

A2-02

XX

SCALE 3/32 "=1'

143

APPENDIX ESTA ES UNA PLAZA COMMUNITY CENTER LAVAPIES, MADRID, SPAIN

GENERAL NOTES

KEY PLAN

PROJECT DATA

ARCH 513.02 COMPREHENSIVE STUDIO ROGER WILLIAMS UNIVERSITY SAAHP FALL 2015 ARCH 513_01_15FA PROFESSOR: ROBERTO VIOLA OCHOA

ASSEMBLY AXONOMETRIC

XXX

PROJECT NUMBER DATE

12/20/2015

DRAWN BY

THOMAS BARKER

CHECKED BY

A3-01

SCALE

144

XX

FILLING THE VOID

MADRID, SPAIN

ESTA ES UNA PLAZA COMMUNITY CENTER LAVAPIES, MADRID, SPAIN

GENERAL NOTES

TYP. 48"x48" CONCRETE FOOTING

ELEVATOR CORE 6"C.I.P. CONCRETE

KEY PLAN SLAB EDGE

6" CONCRETE SLAB

TYP. FOUNDATION WALL 24" C.I.P. CONCRETE 36" CONCRETE FOOTING

PROJECT DATA

ARCH 513.02 COMPREHENSIVE STUDIO ROGER WILLIAMS UNIVERSITY SAAHP FALL 2015 ARCH 513_02_15FA PROFESSOR: ROBERTO VIOLA OCHOA

FOOTING PLAN XXX

PROJECT NUMBER DATE

12/20/2015

DRAWN BY

THOMAS BARKER

CHECKED BY

S1-01

XX

SCALE 81"=1'

145

APPENDIX ESTA ES UNA PLAZA COMMUNITY CENTER LAVAPIES, MADRID, SPAIN

GENERAL NOTES

W 12

W 12

W 12

W8

W 12

W 14

W 12

W 21

W8

W8

W 12

W 14

W8

W 21

W 18

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 18 W 12

W8 W 12

W 14

W 18

W 18 W 21

W8

W 12

W 18

W8

W 14

KEY PLAN

W 18

W 16

W8

W 16

W 14

W 16

W 16

W 16

W 21 W8

PROJECT DATA

ARCH 513.02 COMPREHENSIVE STUDIO ROGER WILLIAMS UNIVERSITY SAAHP FALL 2015 ARCH 513_02_15FA PROFESSOR: ROBERTO VIOLA OCHOA

W 18

GROUND LEVEL FRAMING PLAN

XXX

PROJECT NUMBER DATE

12/20/2015

DRAWN BY

THOMAS BARKER

CHECKED BY

S1-02

SCALE 3/16"=1'

146

XX

FILLING THE VOID

MADRID, SPAIN

ESTA ES UNA PLAZA COMMUNITY CENTER LAVAPIES, MADRID, SPAIN

GENERAL NOTES

W 12

W 18

W 12

W 06 W 18

W 18

KEY PLAN

W 18

W 12

W 06

W 18

W 12

W 12

W8 W 21

PROJECT DATA

W8

W8

W 21

W 18

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 06 W 12

W 12 W 14

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W8

W 12

W 14

W 06

W 18

W 18

W8

W 16

W 16

W 16

W 14

W 06

W8

W 18

W 16

W 16

W 21

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 18

W 12

W 12

W8

W 12

W 14

W 12

W 21

W8

W8

W 12

W 14

W 06

ARCH 513.02 COMPREHENSIVE STUDIO ROGER WILLIAMS UNIVERSITY SAAHP FALL 2015 ARCH 513_02_15FA PROFESSOR: ROBERTO VIOLA OCHOA

W 12

LEVEL 2 FRAMING PLAN

XXX

PROJECT NUMBER DATE

12/20/2015

DRAWN BY

THOMAS BARKER

CHECKED BY

S1-03

XX

SCALE 3/16"=1'

147

APPENDIX ESTA ES UNA PLAZA COMMUNITY CENTER LAVAPIES, MADRID, SPAIN

GENERAL NOTES

W 12

W 18

W 12

W 06 W 18

W 18

KEY PLAN

W 18

W 12

W 06

W 18

W 12

W 12

W8 W 21

PROJECT DATA

W8

W8

W 21

W 18

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 06 W 12

W 12 W 14

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W8

W 12

W 14

W 06

W 18

W 18

W8

W 16

W 16

W 16

W 14

W 06

W8

W 18

W 16

W 16

W 21

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 18

W 12

W 12

W8

W 12

W 14

W 12

W 21

W8

W8

W 12

W 14

W 06

ARCH 513.02 COMPREHENSIVE STUDIO ROGER WILLIAMS UNIVERSITY SAAHP FALL 2015 ARCH 513_02_15FA PROFESSOR: ROBERTO VIOLA OCHOA

W 12

LEVEL 3 FRAMING PLAN

XXX

PROJECT NUMBER DATE

12/20/2015

DRAWN BY

THOMAS BARKER

CHECKED BY

S1-04

SCALE 3/16"=1'

148

XX

FILLING THE VOID

MADRID, SPAIN

ESTA ES UNA PLAZA COMMUNITY CENTER LAVAPIES, MADRID, SPAIN

GENERAL NOTES

W 12

W 18

W 12

W 06 W 18

W 18

KEY PLAN

W 18

W 12

W 06

W 18

W 12

W 12

W8 W 21

PROJECT DATA

W8

W8

W 21

W 18

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 06 W 12

W 12 W 14

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W8

W 12

W 14

W 06

W 18

W 18

W8

W 16

W 16

W 16

W 14

W 06

W8

W 18

W 16

W 16

W 21

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 18

W 12

W 12

W8

W 12

W 14

W 12

W 21

W8

W8

W 12

W 14

W 06

ARCH 513.02 COMPREHENSIVE STUDIO ROGER WILLIAMS UNIVERSITY SAAHP FALL 2015 ARCH 513_02_15FA PROFESSOR: ROBERTO VIOLA OCHOA

W 12

LEVEL 4 FRAMING PLAN

XXX

PROJECT NUMBER DATE

12/20/2015

DRAWN BY

THOMAS BARKER

CHECKED BY

S1-05

XX

SCALE 3/16"=1'

149

APPENDIX ESTA ES UNA PLAZA COMMUNITY CENTER LAVAPIES, MADRID, SPAIN

GENERAL NOTES

W 31

W 12

W 12

W 18

W 12

W 06 W 31

W 31

KEY PLAN

W 18

W 12

W 06

W 18

W 12

W 12

W8 W 21

PROJECT DATA

W8 W 31 W 12

W 31

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 06 W 12

W 12 W 14

W 31

W 12

W8

W 12

W 14

W 06

W 18

W 18X

W8

W 16

W 16

W 16

W 14

W 06

W8

W 18X

W 16

W 16

W 21

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 18

W 12

W 12

W8

W 12

W 14

W 12

W 21

W8

W8

W 12

W 14

W8

W 21

W 18

W 06

ARCH 513.02 COMPREHENSIVE STUDIO ROGER WILLIAMS UNIVERSITY SAAHP FALL 2015 ARCH 513_02_15FA PROFESSOR: ROBERTO VIOLA OCHOA

W 12

LEVEL 5 FRAMING PLAN

XXX

PROJECT NUMBER DATE

12/20/2015

DRAWN BY

THOMAS BARKER

CHECKED BY

S1-06

SCALE 3/16"=1'

150

XX

FILLING THE VOID

MADRID, SPAIN

ESTA ES UNA PLAZA COMMUNITY CENTER LAVAPIES, MADRID, SPAIN

GENERAL NOTES

W 18

PROJECT DATA W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W8 W 12

W 14

KEY PLAN

W 18

W 18

W 21

W8

W 12

W 18

W8

W 18

W 16

W8

W 16

W 14

W 14

W 18

W8

W 16

W 16

W 16

W 21

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 18

W 12

W 12

W8

W 12

W 14

W 12

W 21

W8

W8

W 12

W 14

W8

W 21

ARCH 513.02 COMPREHENSIVE STUDIO ROGER WILLIAMS UNIVERSITY SAAHP FALL 2015 ARCH 513_02_15FA PROFESSOR: ROBERTO VIOLA OCHOA

W 18

LEVEL 6 FRAMING PLAN

XXX

PROJECT NUMBER DATE

12/20/2015

DRAWN BY

THOMAS BARKER

CHECKED BY

S1-07

XX

SCALE 3/16"=1'

151

APPENDIX ESTA ES UNA PLAZA COMMUNITY CENTER LAVAPIES, MADRID, SPAIN

GENERAL NOTES

W 12

W 18

W 12

W 06 W 31

W 31

KEY PLAN

W 18

W 12

W 06

W 18

W 12

W 12

W8 W 21

PROJECT DATA

W8

W8

W 21

W 18

W 31

W 12

W 31

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 06 W 12

W 12 W 14

W 31

W 12

W 31

W 12

W8

W 12

W 14

W 06

W 18

W 18X

W8

W 16

W 16

W 16

W 14

W 06

W8

W 18X

W 16

W 16

W 21

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 18

W 12

W 12

W8

W 12

W 14

W 12

W 21

W8

W8

W 12

W 14

W 06

ARCH 513.02 COMPREHENSIVE STUDIO ROGER WILLIAMS UNIVERSITY SAAHP FALL 2015 ARCH 513_02_15FA PROFESSOR: ROBERTO VIOLA OCHOA

W 12

LEVEL 7 FRAMING PLAN

XXX

PROJECT NUMBER DATE

12/20/2015

DRAWN BY

THOMAS BARKER

CHECKED BY

S1-08

SCALE 3/16"=1'

152

XX

FILLING THE VOID

MADRID, SPAIN

ESTA ES UNA PLAZA COMMUNITY CENTER LAVAPIES, MADRID, SPAIN

GENERAL NOTES

W 16

W 16

W 21

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 18

W 12

W8

W 12

W8

W 12

W 14

W 12

W8

W8

W 21

W 16

W 12

W 14

W 18

KEY PLAN

W 18X

W8

W 18X

W 14

W 18X

W 18

W 16

W 21

W 18

PROJECT DATA

W 14

W8

W 21

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W 12

W8

W8

W 12

W 14

W8

W 12

W 16

W 16

W 18

ARCH 513.02 COMPREHENSIVE STUDIO ROGER WILLIAMS UNIVERSITY SAAHP FALL 2015 ARCH 513_02_15FA PROFESSOR: ROBERTO VIOLA OCHOA

W 18

ROOF FRAMING XXX

PROJECT NUMBER DATE

12/20/2015

DRAWN BY

THOMAS BARKER

CHECKED BY

S1-09

XX

SCALE 3/16"=1'

153

APPENDIX

ESTA ES UNA PLAZA COMMUNITY CENTER LAVAPIES, MADRID, SPAIN

GENERAL NOTES

KEY PLAN

PROJECT DATA

ARCH 513.02 COMPREHENSIVE STUDIO ROGER WILLIAMS UNIVERSITY SAAHP FALL 2015 ARCH 513_02_15FA PROFESSOR: ROBERTO VIOLA OCHOA

STRUCTURAL AXONOMETRIC

XXX

PROJECT NUMBER DATE

12/20/2015

DRAWN BY

THOMAS BARKER

CHECKED BY

S1-09

SCALE

154

XX

FILLING THE VOID

MADRID, SPAIN

ESTA ES UNA PLAZA COMMUNITY CENTER LAVAPIES, MADRID, SPAIN

GENERAL NOTES

KEY PLAN

PROJECT DATA

ARCH 513.02 COMPREHENSIVE STUDIO ROGER WILLIAMS UNIVERSITY SAAHP FALL 2015 ARCH 513_02_15FA PROFESSOR: ROBERTO VIOLA OCHOA

STRUCTURAL + MECH. AXON

PROJECT NUMBER DATE

XXX

12/20/2015

DRAWN BY

THOMAS BARKER

CHECKED BY

S2-00

XX

SCALE

155

APPENDIX ESTA ES UNA PLAZA COMMUNITY CENTER LAVAPIES, MADRID, SPAIN

GENERAL NOTES

HEAT PUMP

HEAT PUMP

KEY PLAN AHU 3 SUPPLY FEED RETURN AHU 1 SUPPLY AHU 1

36" x 48"

36" x 48"

HEAT PUMP 12" x 14"

12" x 14"

VAV BOX

PROJECT DATA

ARCH 513.02 COMPREHENSIVE STUDIO ROGER WILLIAMS UNIVERSITY SAAHP FALL 2015 ARCH 513_01_15FA

HEAT PUMP

LEVEL -1 MECHANICAL

PROJECT NUMBER DATE DRAWN BY CHECKED BY

THOMAS BARKER

M1-01

SCALE 3/16"=1'

156

XXX

11/7/2015 XX

FILLING THE VOID

MADRID, SPAIN

ESTA ES UNA PLAZA COMMUNITY CENTER LAVAPIES, MADRID, SPAIN

GENERAL NOTES

AHU 3 SUPPLY FEED

AHU 4 SUPPLY FEED

1993.5'

KEY PLAN STORAGE A101

AHU 3 SUPPLY FEED RETURN AHU 1 SUPPLY AHU 1

1983.5

36" x 48"

36" x 48"

12" x 14" RECEPTION A101

VAV BOX

VENTILATION DUCT

MENS WC A101

PROJECT DATA 1981.5

WOMENS WC A101

AHU 2 SUPPLY FEED

ARCH 513.02 COMPREHENSIVE STUDIO ROGER WILLIAMS UNIVERSITY SAAHP FALL 2015 ARCH 513_02_15FA PROFESSOR: ROBERTO VIOLA OCHOA

GROUND LEVEL MECHANICAL

XXX

PROJECT NUMBER DATE

12/20/2015

DRAWN BY CHECKED BY

THOMAS BARKER

M1-02

XX

SCALE 3/16"=1'

157

APPENDIX ESTA ES UNA PLAZA COMMUNITY CENTER LAVAPIES, MADRID, SPAIN

GENERAL NOTES

AHU 3 SUPPLY FEED SUPPLY AHU 3 RETURN AHU 3

41" x 30"

VAV BOX

12" x 14"

41" x 30"

RETURN AHU 4 SUPPLY AHU 4

33" x 30"

VAV BOX

12" x 18"

12" x 9"

33" x 30"

AHU 4 SUPPLY FEED

VAV BOX

KEY PLAN AHU 3 SUPPLY FEED RETURN AHU 1 SUPPLY AHU 1

12" x 9" 36" x 48"

36" x 48"

12" x 14"

12" x 14"

VAV BOX

FIN TUBE RADIATOR

VENTILATION DUCT

12" x 9"

PROJECT DATA SUPPLY AHU 4 RETURN AHU 4 RETURN AHU 2

33" x 30"

12" x 18"

33" x 30"

18" x 24"

ARCH 513.02 COMPREHENSIVE STUDIO ROGER WILLIAMS UNIVERSITY SAAHP FALL 2015 ARCH 513_02_15FA PROFESSOR: ROBERTO VIOLA OCHOA

VAV BOX

41" x 30"

41" x 30"

VAV BOX

12" x 14"

12" x 9"

SUPPLY AHU 2 AHU 2 SUPPLY FEED

LEVEL 2 MECHANICAL

PROJECT NUMBER DATE DRAWN BY CHECKED BY

THOMAS BARKER

M1-03

SCALE 3/16"=1'

158

XXX

12/20/2015 XX

FILLING THE VOID

MADRID, SPAIN

ESTA ES UNA PLAZA COMMUNITY CENTER LAVAPIES, MADRID, SPAIN

GENERAL NOTES

AHU 3 SUPPLY FEED SUPPLY AHU 3 RETURN AHU 3

12" x 9" 41" x 30"

41" x 30"

RETURN AHU 4 SUPPLY AHU 4

VAV BOX 33" x 30"

33" x 30"

12" x 18"

12" x 9" VAV BOX

AHU 4 SUPPLY FEED

KEY PLAN AHU 3 SUPPLY FEED RETURN AHU 1 SUPPLY AHU 1

36" x 48"

36" x 48"

12" x 14"

12" x 14"

VAV BOX

FIN TUBE RADIATOR

12" x 9"

PROJECT DATA SUPPLY AHU 4 RETURN AHU 4 RETURN AHU 2

33" x 30"

12" x 18"

33" x 30"

18" x 24"

ARCH 513.02 COMPREHENSIVE STUDIO ROGER WILLIAMS UNIVERSITY SAAHP FALL 2015 ARCH 513_02_15FA PROFESSOR: ROBERTO VIOLA OCHOA

VAV BOX

41" x 30"

41" x 30"

VAV BOX

12" x 14"

12" x 9"

SUPPLY AHU 2 AHU 2 SUPPLY FEED

LEVEL 3 MECHANICAL

PROJECT NUMBER DATE

XXX

12/20/2015

DRAWN BY CHECKED BY

THOMAS BARKER

M1-04

XX

SCALE 3/16"=1'

159

APPENDIX ESTA ES UNA PLAZA COMMUNITY CENTER LAVAPIES, MADRID, SPAIN

GENERAL NOTES

AHU 3 SUPPLY FEED SUPPLY AHU 3 RETURN AHU 3

41" x 30"

RETURN AHU 4 SUPPLY AHU 4

VAV BOX

18" x 30"

18"x10"

VAV BOX

41" x 30"

33" x 30"

33" x 30"

AHU 4 SUPPLY FEED

KEY PLAN

AHU 3 SUPPLY FEED RETURN AHU 1 SUPPLY AHU 1

18"x10" 36" x 48"

36" x 48"

12" x 14"

12" x 14"

VAV BOX

FIN TUBE RADIATOR

18"x10"

PROJECT DATA

SUPPLY AHU 4 RETURN AHU 4 RETURN AHU 2

ARCH 513.02 COMPREHENSIVE STUDIO ROGER WILLIAMS UNIVERSITY SAAHP FALL 2015 ARCH 513_02_15FA PROFESSOR: ROBERTO VIOLA OCHOA

33" x 30"

41" x 30"

41" x 30"

SUPPLY AHU 2 AHU 2 SUPPLY FEED

18"x10"

33" x 30"

VAV BOX 18"x30"

18"x20"

VAV BOX

18"x10"

LEVEL 4 MECHANICAL

PROJECT NUMBER DATE DRAWN BY CHECKED BY

THOMAS BARKER

M1-05

SCALE 3/16"=1'

160

XXX

12/20/2015 XX

FILLING THE VOID

MADRID, SPAIN

ESTA ES UNA PLAZA COMMUNITY CENTER LAVAPIES, MADRID, SPAIN

GENERAL NOTES

AHU 3 SUPPLY FEED SUPPLY AHU 3 RETURN AHU 3

41" x 30"

41" x 30"

RETURN AHU 4 SUPPLY AHU 4

33" x 30"

18" x 20" VAV BOX

12" x 14"

33" x 30"

AHU 4 SUPPLY FEED

KEY PLAN AHU 3 SUPPLY FEED RETURN AHU 1 SUPPLY AHU 1

36" x 48"

36" x 48"

12" x 14"

12" x 14"

VAV BOX

FIN TUBE RADIATOR

PROJECT DATA SUPPLY AHU 4 RETURN AHU 4 RETURN AHU 2

33" x 30"

33" x 30"

VAV BOX

12" x 14"

ARCH 513.02 COMPREHENSIVE STUDIO ROGER WILLIAMS UNIVERSITY SAAHP FALL 2015 ARCH 513_02_15FA PROFESSOR: ROBERTO VIOLA OCHOA

41" x 30"

41" x 30"

SUPPLY AHU 2 AHU 2 SUPPLY FEED

LEVEL 5 MECHANICAL

PROJECT NUMBER DATE

XXX

12/20/2015

DRAWN BY CHECKED BY

THOMAS BARKER

M1-06

XX

SCALE 3/16"=1'

161

APPENDIX ESTA ES UNA PLAZA COMMUNITY CENTER LAVAPIES, MADRID, SPAIN

GENERAL NOTES

OPERABLE WINDOWS (TYP.)

AHU 3 SUPPLY FEED SUPPLY AHU 3 RETURN AHU 3

18" x 12"

41" x 30"

41" x 30"

RETURN AHU 4 SUPPLY AHU 4

33" x 30"

33" x 30"

VAV BOX

18" x 24"

GROUP CLASS A601

AHU 4 SUPPLY FEED

STORAGE A601

AHU 3 SUPPLY FEED RETURN AHU 1 SUPPLY AHU 1

36" x 48"

36" x 48"

12" x 14"

LOW -E TEMPERED GLASS (TYP.)

KEY PLAN

WOMENS LOCKER ROOM A601 VAV 12" x 14"

BOX

FIN TUBE RADIATOR

OPERABLE WINDOWS (TYP.)

SUPPLY AHU 4 RETURN AHU 4 RETURN AHU 2

33" x 30"

VAV BOX

18" x 24"

GROUP CLASS A601

PROJECT DATA

33" x 30"

41" x 30"

41" x 30"

18" x 12"

ARCH 513.02 COMPREHENSIVE STUDIO ROGER WILLIAMS UNIVERSITY SAAHP FALL 2015 ARCH 513_02_15FA PROFESSOR: ROBERTO VIOLA OCHOA

SUPPLY AHU 2 AHU 2 SUPPLY FEED

LEVEL 6 MECHANICAL

PROJECT NUMBER DATE DRAWN BY CHECKED BY

THOMAS BARKER

M1-07

SCALE 3/16"=1'

162

XXX

12/20/2015 XX

FILLING THE VOID

MADRID, SPAIN

ESTA ES UNA PLAZA COMMUNITY CENTER LAVAPIES, MADRID, SPAIN

GENERAL NOTES

AHU 3 SUPPLY FEED SUPPLY AHU 3 RETURN AHU 3

41" x 30"

VAV BOX

41" x 30"

RETURN AHU 4 SUPPLY AHU 4

33" x 30"

33" x 30"

AHU 4 SUPPLY FEED

AHU 3 SUPPLY FEED RETURN AHU 1 SUPPLY AHU 1

36" x 48"

36" x 48"

12" x 14"

12" x 14"

KEY PLAN

VAV BOX

FIN TUBE RADIATOR

SUPPLY AHU 4 RETURN AHU 4 RETURN AHU 2

33" x 30"

PROJECT DATA

33" x 30"

41" x 30"

41" x 30"

VAV BOX

12" x 14"

ARCH 513.02 COMPREHENSIVE STUDIO ROGER WILLIAMS UNIVERSITY SAAHP FALL 2015 ARCH 513_02_15FA PROFESSOR: ROBERTO VIOLA OCHOA

SUPPLY AHU 2 AHU 2 SUPPLY FEED

LEVEL 7 MECHANICAL

PROJECT NUMBER DATE

XXX

12/20/2015

DRAWN BY CHECKED BY

THOMAS BARKER

M1-08

XX

SCALE 3/16"=1'

163

APPENDIX ESTA ES UNA PLAZA COMMUNITY CENTER

AHU 2 AHU 3

REST ROOM EXHAUST AHU 1

LAVAPIES, MADRID, SPAIN

AHU 4 AHU SUPPLY PIPING RETURN DUCTS (GREEN) SUPPLY DUCTS (BLUE)

GENERAL NOTES

KEY PLAN

HEAT PUMPS

PROJECT DATA

ARCH 513.02 COMPREHENSIVE STUDIO ROGER WILLIAMS UNIVERSITY SAAHP FALL 2015 ARCH 513_01_15FA PROFESSOR: ROBERTO VIOLA OCHOA

MECHANICAL AXONOMETRIC

XXX

PROJECT NUMBER DATE

12/20/2015

DRAWN BY CHECKED BY

THOMAS BARKER

M1-09

SCALE

164

XX

FILLING THE VOID

MADRID, SPAIN

165

APPENDIX

RESEARCH Historic Plants of Madrid Clavel [Carnation]

The carnation is Spain’s national flower, and is associated with love, passion, and folklore. Like roses in many cultures, the colors of the carnation are carry different meanings such as red for love, pink for gratitude or mothers’ love, and white for luck. The climate in much of Spain, including Madrid is favorable for growing carnations.

Secondary Plants/Trees 1. Alder Tree

2. Holm Oak

3. Scots Pine

4. Black Poplar 5. Cork Oak

1

6. Aleppo Pine 7. Yew Tree

8. Aspen Poplar 9. English Elm

10. Strawberry Tree

11. European Beech 12. Cyprus Tree

13. White Willow

2

14. Common Ash

Madrono [Strawberry Tree] The Strawberry Tree has importance to the city of Madrid because it appears on their coat of arms. The meaning behind this is unknown, but Strawberry Trees grow around the area and are harvested for their fruit.

15. Blackwood Acacia 16. Pomegranate Tree 17. Gum Rockrose

18. Juniper

19. Carnation

20. Spanish Bluebells

3

21. English Lavender 22. Rosemary

23. Lantana

24. Gazania

4 166

FILLING THE VOID

5

9

13

17

21

6

10

14

18

22

7

11

15

19

23

8

12

16

20

24

MADRID, SPAIN

167

APPENDIX

RESEARCH

Madrid Madrid

Group 1 - HISTORICAL AND GEOGRAPHIC BACKGROUND Chris Brown, Connor Byrne, Christian Johnson, Kristen Weigel

Los Mapas Históricos Historical Maps

La Ubicación Location: Castilla District of Spain

ElCity Crecimiento de la Ciudad Growth

Referred to as an “Arab Fortress Town”, Madrid remained a Roman and Islamic settlement until the 1300s when it became a part of the Castile Empire.

168

FILLING THE VOID

ElCity Crecimiento de la Ciudad Growth

United under Charles I of Spain, Madrid became a part of the Austrian-Hapsburg Empire. The architecture of the time has been described as heavy and sombre.

Population of under 20,000 people.

ElCity Crecimiento de la Ciudad Growth

The city walls were completed in 1625. Notable changes over the next decade: Paseo del Prado, Plaza Mayor renovations, cleaned up the slums, Plaza del Sol, and Teatro Espanol.

MADRID, SPAIN

ElCity Crecimiento de la Ciudad Growth

King Felipe II declares Madrid the center of his new court. Population increases to 80,000 people by 1598.

ElCity Crecimiento de la Ciudad Growth

Still encompassed by the 1625 city walls, Castro proposes a plan for expansion to the north, north-east, and south respectively. Hesitation by people to invest, only 700 suburban properties completed by 1911, population of 4,000.

169

APPENDIX

RESEARCH

ElCity Crecimiento de la Ciudad Growth

Las y Las Avenidas CityMurallas Walls/ Avenues

1

2

Final expansions by castro -early 1900s Developement haulted during Franco control. With the death of Caudillo in 1975, Madrid began developing into the modern city of today.

3

Los Puntos de Referencia Landmarks

Los Puntos de Referencia Landmarks Cuatro Torres Business Area

ChamartĂ­n Train Station

Gates of Europe Towers

Estadio Santiago BernabĂŠu

170

FILLING THE VOID

Los Puntos de Referencia Landmarks

MADRID, SPAIN

Los de la Ciudad CityDistritos Districts

Palacio Real

Puerta del Sol

Plaza Mayor

Museo del Prado

Caixa Forum

Museo Reina Sofía

Atocha Train Station

Esta es una Plaza Site

Estadio Vicente Calderón

Lavapiés Lavapies

La Historia History 14TH-15TH CENTURY: JEWS INHABIT LAVAPIES.

15TH CENTURY:

JEWS EXPELLED BY MONARCHY, NOT THE CHURCH.

1930S:

BECOMES PLACE FOR SPANISH

IMMIGRANTS LOOKING FOR A FRESH START.

EARLY-MID 1900S:

NEIGHBORHOOD FALLS INTO DECAY. IMMIGRANTS FROM NORTH AFRICA AND MIDDLE EAST.

LATE 1900S:

NEW BUILDING REINVIGORATES THE NEIGHBORHOOD.

21ST CENTURY:

WEALTHY AND WORKING CLASS LIVING TOGETHER. VERY DIVERSE POPULATION, NEW DYNAMIC.

171

APPENDIX

172

RESEARCH

La Figura-Fondo Figure/ Ground

La Geografía Geography

La Cultura Culture

Las Calles Streets

FILLING THE VOID

Las Plazas y Puntos de Referencia Plazas & Landmarks

ElTransportation Transporte

3 minutes

Las Instituciones Cultural Institutions Culturales

MADRID, SPAIN

4 minutes

5 minutes

Las Tipologías Arquitectónicas Architectural Typologies

RESIDENTIAL

COMMERCIAL

173

APPENDIX

RESEARCH

ElThe Sitio Site

174

FILLING THE VOID

RESEARCH

ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS MADRID + LAVA PIÉS

TYLER DAVENPORT, MICHAELLA FUSCO, LESLIE HULBERT, & CATHERINE SMEYKAL ARCH 513: FILLING THE VOID - PARTIALLY

MAP OF MADRID

MADRID, SPAIN

40.4000° N 3.7167° W

MAP OF SPAIN

MAP OF DOWNTOWN MADRID

175

APPENDIX

MONTHLY DIURNAL AVERAGES

MAP OF LAVA PIÉS

Temperature - Summer Solstice

Temperature (°F)

Temperature (°F)

Temperature - Spring Equinox 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0

0

4

8

Low: 40 °F Average: 50.71 °F High: 60 °F

12

16

20

24

100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0

Hours

0

176

Temperature (°F)

Temperature (°F)

The temperature is hottest in July and August with a mean of about 78 °F and records reaching about 100 °F. It is coldest in December and January with mean temperatures around 36 °F and record lows reaching 25 °F .

0

4

8

Low: 59 °F Average: 69.04 °F High: 78 °F

MONTHLY/ANNUAL TEMPERATURE

12

Hours

8

16

12

16

20

24

20

24

Hours

Temperature - Winter Solstice

Temperature - Fall Equinox 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0

4

Low: 55 °F Average: 69.5 °F High: 82 °F

20

24

100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0

0

4

8

Low: 38 °F Average: 42.13 °F High: 50 °F

12

16

Hours

DAILY TEMPERATURE

FILLING THE VOID

RESEARCH

Relative Humidity - Fall Equinox

90

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

High

July is relative highest with an

Jun

Jul

Low

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Temperature (°F)

Jul

Aug

20

Spring

Summer

Fall

Winter

The lowest relative humidity occurs in the summer, with an average of about 45%. This is followed by the spring at 59% and the Fall at 67%. The highest levels of humidity occur in the winter, with a seasonal average of approximately 75%.

Sep

Humidity (%)

12

16

20

24

Hours

0

4

8

12

16

20

24

20

24

Hours

Low:38% Average:57% High:79%

Relative Humidity - Winter Solstice

Relative Humidity - Summer Solstice

30 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0

0

4

Low:35% Average:51.75% High:75%

8

12

Hours

16

20

24

100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0

0

4

8

Low:72% Average:82% High:89%

In each season, the relative humidity follows a similar pattern throughout the day, which is inverse to the daily temperature pattern. The daily high occurs in the morning, typically between 4 a.m. and 8 a.m., while the daily low occurs in the afternoon, between 3 p.m. and 7 p.m. The Winter Solstice is a clear outlier, as its average humidity is much higher than the other times of year. The relative humidity also varies less throughout the day in the Winter.

12

16

Hours

DAILY HUMIDITY

Temperature + Humidity: Providence

Temperature + Humidity: Madrid

Jan

8

100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0

40

MONTHLY AND SEASONAL HUMIDITY

100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0

4

Low:43% Average:60.3% High:79%

50

0

Average

0

60

10

Dec

the month with the lowest average humidity, at approximately 40%. The relative humidity occurs in December, average of approximately 84%.

70

Relative Humidity (%)

Jan

80

Relative Humidity (%)

100

Relative Humidity (%)

100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0

Seasonal Relative Humidity

RElative Humidity (%)

Relative Humidity (%)

Monthly Relative Humidity

Relative Humidity (%)

Relative Humidity - Spring Equinox 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0

MADRID, SPAIN

Oct

Nov

Dec

100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Temperature (°F)

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Humidity (%)

The temperature in both Madrid and Providence follows a similar pattern throughout the year, with the lowest temperatures occuring in the winter and the highest temperatures occuring in the summer. However, the average temperatures are around 10°F higher in Madrid than Providence in any given month.

The Humidity in Madrid has an inverse pattern than the temperature, with the highest humidity occuring during the winter and the lowest humidity occuring in the summer. In Providence, the humidity is relatively constant throughout the year. Therefore, the average humidity in Madrid is higher than that in Providence during the winter and much lower than Providence during the summer. This allows the high temperature to feel more comfortable.

TEMPERATURE+HUMIDITY: MADRID VS. PROVIDENCE

Wind in Madrid predominately comes from the North and consistantly comes at 10 to 20 mph. It also comes from the west, but less frequently.

YEARLY WIND PATTERNS

177

January

February

March

60

12

50

10

40

8

30

6

20

4

10

2

0

April

Spring

Summer

Fall

Winter

Number of Wet Days

Average Percipitation Precipitation (mm)

APPENDIX

0

Season

May

June

July

August

September

October

November

December

October is when wind is at a low point and June and July is when it is at its highest. There is not much of a difference because wind is a year round condition.

80

10

60 40

5

20 0

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

0

20

120

15

100 80

10

60 40

5

20 0

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Average Number of Wet Days

0

Precipitation (mm)

Fall Equinox

Winter Solstice

Spring Equinox

Summer Solstice

Altitude: 50° Azimuth: 270°W, 90°E

Axis Title

Axis Title Precipitation (mm)

SEASONAL/MONTHLY RAIN FALL

Altitude: 25° Azimuth: 120°W, 240°E

Average Number of Wet Days

100

140 Precipitation (mm)

15

Average Number of Wet Days

Precipitation (mm)

20

120

MONTHLY WIND

Providence Rain Fall

Madrid Rain Fall 140

There is not much rainfall in Madrid, with the most amount occuring in the month of October, at 64.5 mm (2.5 in). October and December both have an average of 12 wet days. The lowest amount of rain fall occurs in August, with 8.5 mm (.33 in)of precipitation.

Overall, Fall is by far the wettest season, with an average of 49.27 mm (1.94 in) of rainfall per month, which is over four times the average rainfall of the Summer season, which is 11.23 mm (.44 in) per month.

Altitude: 50° Azimuth: 270°W, 90°E

Altitude: 70° Azimuth: 300°W, 60°E

Average Number of Wet Days

Providence and Madrid significantly differ when it comes to precipitation. Providence recieves much more precipitation than Madrid in any given season. In Providence, the highest precipitation falls in March with 125 mm (4.92 in), and the lowest is in July with 75 mm (2.95 in) of precipitation. In Madrid, the highest precipitation falls in October, with just over 60 mm (2.36 in), which is still less than the amount of precipitation Providence receives in its least rainy. The lowest amount of precipitation in Madrid falls in August, with less than 10 mm (.39 in).

PRECIPITATION: MADRID VS PROVIDENCE

178

SUN STUDIES

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RESEARCH

MADRID, SPAIN

Madrid

Spain has a very high level of radiation compared to the rest of Europe and within the country, the radiation level increases as you progress south. Madrid is in the mid-range of the radiation levels within the whole country.

SOLAR RADIATION EUROPE / SPAIN

More solar radiation occurs around noon, when the sun is at its highest. The most amount of radiation occurs around week 20 of the year (May).

ANNUAL SOLAR RADIATION

Providence follows the theoretical projections, just like Madrid, with only record highs reaching above that projection. Madrid falls out of the projections once, in the month of July. Both solar radiation charts are very similar, however the solar radiation of Madrid is generally higher than that of Providence in the summer months.

Solar radiation follows the theoretical projections with only record highs coming out of the theoretical range. Anything above 150 BTU/ sq ft per hour is considered uncomfortable, therefore the majority of the time in Madrid is uncomfortable in regards to radiation.

MONTHLY SOLAR RADIATION

RADIATION: MADRID VS PROVIDENCE

179

APPENDIX

Comfort levels year round: Dry Bulb Temperature is 67 to 75 degrees Humidity ratio is .003 to .013 Relative humidity is 30% to 90%

Fall

Winter

Spring

Summer

YEARLY PSYCHOMETRIC

SEASONAL PSYCHOMETRIC

Housing in Carabanchel, Madrid Amann-Canovas-Maruri 2009

Apartments in Madrid

High thermal mass uses materials that resist change in high temperatures. High thermal mass night flushed or night purge ventilation keeps windows and other passive ventilation openings closed during the day, but open at night, to flush warm air out of the building and cool thermal mass for the next day.

Cooling is the use of personal air conditioning to control the comfort level.

180

SUMMER PSYCHOMETRIC/ DESIGN SOLUTIONS

High thermal mass uses materials that resist change in high temperatures. High thermal mass night flushed or night purge ventilation keeps windows and other passive ventilation openings closed during the day, but open at night, to flush warm air out of the building and cool thermal mass for the next day.

Cooling is the use of personal air conditioning to control the comfort level.

SUMMER PSYCHOMETRIC/ DESIGN SOLUTIONS

FILLING THE VOID

RESEARCH

MADRID, SPAIN

Sources of internal heat gains include people, lights, and equipment. This provides a good balance for the fall and spring. It is also a major component of the total building cooling load. This is a major contributor to the cooling in the summer.

Heating is the use of a personal heater to control the comfort level. If the heat is too dry, add a humidifier to maintain the comfort level .

WINTER PSYCHOMETRIC/ DESIGN SOLUTIONS

FALL PSYCHOMETRIC/ DESIGN SOLUTIONS

Spanish "S" Tiles used to create air flow between tile and roof deck. Ideal Materials include, Slate, Terracotta, Clay, and Concrete

Housing in Carabanchel, Madrid dosmasuno arquitectos 2007

FALL PSYCHOMETRIC/ DESIGN SOLUTIONS

Natural ventilation, also called passive ventilation, uses natural outside air movement and pressure differences to both passively cool and ventilate a building. Natural ventilation is important because it can VXU\OJK°GTJ°SU\K°LXKYN°GOX°]OZNU[Z°LGTY °,UX°]GXS°GTJ°NUZ°IROSGZKY °OZ°IGT°NKRV°SKKZ°G°H[ORJOTM�OY°IUUROTM° load without using mechanical air conditioning systems.

SPRING PSYCHOMETRIC/ DESIGN SOLUTIONS

Mechanical, or forced, ventilation is used to control indoor air quality.

181

APPENDIX

Housing in Carabanchel, Madrid Foreign Office Architects (FOA) 2007

165 Social Housing Units in Vallecas, Madrid Guillermo Vasquez Consuegra TBD

FALL PSYCHOMETRIC/ DESIGN SOLUTIONS

The topography in Madrid varies by 310 feet, from the Northeast corner of Parque de El Retiro to the South end of the Rio Manzanares. The Rio Manzanares lies just outside of Madrid, but contributes greatly to its topography. Lavapies is located on the south side of Madrid, and is between both the high and low point of greater Madrid.

TOPOGRAPHY OF MADRID

Section AA

Section BB

The difference in elevation of the adjacent land to the side in Lavapies, is 81 feet above sealevel. The elevation difference of the actual site is 9 feet. The lowest point lies adjacent to Calle de Dr. Fourquet.

The highest point lies on the south end of the housing block that was demolished on the north end of the site.

182

TOPOGRAPHY OF LAVA PIÉS

Since the site varies by 9 feet, there is a large variation is slope. Section AA, which runs from West to East is relatively flat, with the steepest slope at 2.7%. However, section BB, which runs from North to South the greatest grade change. At the center of the site, the slope is 10.4%, running South. This slope occurs where the housing block was demolished, and continues south.

SITE SLOPE DIAGRAMS

FILLING THE VOID

RESEARCH ARCH 513 | VEGETATION

BIOMES OF EUROPE

ARCH 513 | VEGETATION

MADRID, SPAIN

LAND BREAKDOWN

Lavapies

SPAIN

The country of Spain occupies two of the world’s fourteen Biomes. Northern Spain is composed of Temperate Broadleaf, Mixed Forest. The remainder of the country, including Madrid, occupies the Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands zone.

Dry Spain: The central (Lavapiés) and southern regions of Spain foster two types of vegetation in the Mesa plateau/Iberian Depression and along the Mediterranean. In the driest of areas, steppe flora is common, including thorny scrub, plants and woodlands able to retain moisture in the dry, salty environment. The Meseta sprouts holm oaks to the west and cork trees to the east. (Lipscomb, Kelly. Madrid & Its Surroundings)

Barker | Jean-Baptiste | Panzarino | Ray

ARCH 513 | VEGETATION

LAND UTILIZATION

Geonova. Natural Vegetation of Spain. (2014)

Barker | Jean-Baptiste | Panzarino | Ray

ARCH 513 | VEGETATION

GEOLOGICAL ZONES

Lavapies

Since the 1970’s, the interest in Spain’s ecological concerns and awareness has increased. Although harmful industrial and agricultural practices in Spain still exist (dumping waste haphazardly, over-using pesticides and artificial fertilizers and water, deforesting) measures have been enacted to counter the side effects of these activities. Nevertheless, Spain still maintains more wild spaces, mountains, forests, and arguably more bio-diversity than anywhere else in Europe.

(Lipscomb, Kelly. Madrid & Its Surroundings)

Barker | Jean-Baptiste | Panzarino | Ray

This map shows how Lavapies is situated within the continental region of Spain that makes up most of the country. A major mountain range, the Sistema Central is located to the north.

Barker | Jean-Baptiste | Panzarino | Ray

183

APPENDIX ARCH 513 | VEGETATION

NOTABLE FLORA TO MADRID

Clavel [Carnation] The carnation is Spain’s national flower, and is associated with love, passion, and folklore. Like roses in many cultures, the colors of the carnation are carry different meanings such as red for love, pink for gratitude or mothers’ love, and white for luck. The climate in much of Spain, including Madrid is favorable for growing carnations.

ARCH 513 | VEGETATION

Madrono [Strawberry Tree]

MADRID GREEN SPACE

Regional Scale

The Strawberry Tree has importance to the city of Madrid because it appears on their coat of arms. The meaning behind this is unknown, but Strawberry Trees grow around the area and are harvested for their fruit.

OPEN SPACE

Site

Park

Forest

Water bodies

Castile and León Castilla-La Manchav

Madrid

CASTILLA-LA MANCHA

Barker | Jean-Baptiste | Panzarino | Ray

ARCH 513 | VEGETATION

MADRID GREEN SPACES CHAMBERI

ARCH 513 | VEGETATION

GREENERY WITHIN LAVAPIES

Neighborhood Scale SALAMANCA

MONCLOA ARAVACA

Barker | Jean-Baptiste | Panzarino | Ray

OPEN SPACE WITHIN BARRIO DE EMBAJADORES

Private Space Public Space

Abandoned lots

CENTRO

RETIRO

LATINA

ARGANZUELA

CARABANCHEL

USERA PUENTE DE VALLECAS

Open space

VILLAVERDE

Barker | Jean-Baptiste | Panzarino | Ray

184

Barker | Jean-Baptiste | Panzarino | Ray

FILLING THE VOID

RESEARCH ARCH 513 | VEGETATION

VEGETATION WITHIN LAVAPIÉS

ARCH 513 | VEGETATION

MADRID, SPAIN

VEGETATION WITHIN THE SITE

Diverse vegetation within the site is hardly prevelant, however it should be noted that there are several Ash trees that populate the boundaries. Ash is a very tolerant tree to high pollution and can grow in less than ideal conditions.

Other species that scatter the site include Cypress and Yew.

Madrid is the European city with the highest number of trees and green surface per inhabitant and it has the second highest number of aligned trees in the world. The streets in the Lavapiés neighborhood are heavily lined with trees, and balconies are frequently decorated with various flora. The trees serve a variety of purposes such as shading, noise control, promoting a healthy environment, and for aesthetics.

wikipedia.com

Barker | Jean-Baptiste | Panzarino | Ray

ARCH 513 | VEGETATION

XXXX

Barker | Jean-Baptiste | Panzarino | Ray

ARCH 513 | VEGETATION

120’

120’

110’

110’

100’

100’

90’

90’

80’

80’

70’

70’

60’

60’

50’

50’

40’

40’

30’

0’ 30’

20’

0’ 20’

10’

0’ 10’

0’

0’

10’

10’

20’

20’

30’

30’

40’

40’

50’

50’

60’

Scot’s Pine

Blackwood Acacia

Cork Oak

Common Ash

Barker | Jean-Baptiste | Panzarino | Ray

60’

Cyprus

White Willow

XXXX

Yew

Alder

Beech

Black Poplar

Barker | Jean-Baptiste | Panzarino | Ray

185

APPENDIX ARCH 513 | VEGETATION

XXXX

ARCH 513 | VEGETATION Alder Tree

Dimensions: 82’ High, 20-30’ Spread The Alder Tree naturalized in Spain, and is often planted as a windbreaker. It is planted in full sun to part shade and does best in medium to wet soil. However, it can grow in unfavorable conditions such as dry soil.

Typical uses for Alder wood is for domestic woodware and woodcarving.

120’ 110’ 100’ 90’ 80’ 70’

Holm Oak

60’

Dimensions: 82’ High, 65’ Spread The Holm Oak grows in moist soil and requires part shade to full sun. This evergreen is a very slow grower.

50’ 40’ 30’ 20’

Scots Pine

10’

Dimensions: 82’ High, 32’ Spread The Scots Pine is a fast growing tree that prefers dry-wet soils. It requires semi shade to full sun. Quality grades are used for furniture, joinery, and turnery.

0’ 10’ 20’ 30’

60’

Strawberry Tree

Pomegranate Tree

Aleppo Pine

Aspen Poplar

English Elm

Dimensions: 98’ High, 65’ Spread The Black Poplar requires full sun and regular water. The roots of the poplar run deep, and the tree blooms between April and May. The tree has a short life span. It has a variety of uses such as veneer, joinery, light structural work, and food containers.

Barker | Jean-Baptiste | Panzarino | Ray

ARCH 513 | VEGETATION English Elm

TREE INFORMATION White Willow

Dimensions: 114’ High, 49’ Spread The English Elm, a fast growing tree, thrives in moist soil, and prefers semi to full shade.

The elm wood is used for cabinetmaking, chairs, flooring, bent components, and decorative veneer.

Dimensions: 82’ High, 32’ Spread The Willow tree is a fast growing tree that flowers in April to May. It is found near streams, rivers, and rich soils. The wood of the Willow is used for cabinetmaking and decorative veneer, as well as fencing, gates, and stakes.

Strawberry Tree

Common Ash

Dimensions: 25’ High, 26’ Spread This tree, which is featured on Madrid’s coat of arms, prefers dry to moist soil. It can also accommodate being in semi shade to full sun. The fruits of this tree are edible.

European Beech

Dimensions: 98’ High, 49’ Spread The Beech tree grows in a variety of soil conditions, from dry to moist, and can tolerate shade to full sun. It has a medium growth rate, and is used as desks, benches, and chairs as well as domestic flooring and decorative veneer.

Cyprus

Dimensions: 29’ High, 19’ Spread The Cypress, which requires full sun and dry-moist soil is a slow growing tree. It has uses that range from flooring, shutters, shingles, and fence posts, to cooperage and food containers.

Dimensions: 98’ High, 65’ Spread The Ash tree grows in moist to wet soil, and needs full sun. It is a fast growing tree that can tolerate high pollution. It is an attractor of wildlife and has uses that include cabinetmaking, panelling and decorative veneers, we well as handles for sports equipment.

Blackwood Acacia

Dimensions: 60-100’ High, 98’ Spread The Blackwood Acacia is a fast growing tree which flowers in April. The wood can be used for doors and paneling (veneer) as well as decorative items and cabinetmaking. It is very tolerant of poor conditions.

Pomegranate

Dimensions: 25’ High, ’ Spread The Pomegranate Tree is an important icon to southern Spain and prefer part to full sunlight and regular water. They can withstand periods of flooding and produce edible fruit.

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Dimensions: 65’ High, 40-70’ Spread The Cork Oak is a slow growing, long lasting tree that thrives in habitats with cold winters and hot summers. The oak requires full sun and dry to medium wet soil conditions.

Aleppo Pine

Dimensions: 49’ High, 23’ Spread The Aleppo Pine is a medium growing tree that prefers well drained soils and can grow in poor conditions. It requires full sun, and dry to moist soil.

Yew Dimensions: 49’ High, 32’ Spread The Yew is an evergreen which is highly attractive to wildlife. It requires semi moist soil and sunlight can range from shade to full. The fruit on this tree is highly poisonous. The tree is slow growing. Uses for the wood include furniture, and veneer for cabinetwork, marquetry, and paneling.

Black Poplar

40’ 50’

TREE INFORMATION Cork Oak

Aspen Poplar

Dimensions: 50-100’ High, 32’ Spread The Aspen Poplar requires dry to wet soil, and semi shade to full sun. This tree is a fast grower, and can also grow in poor soil. It is known to have medicinal purposes, and uses similar to the Black Poplar.

Barker | Jean-Baptiste | Panzarino | Ray

ARCH 513 | VEGETATION Gum Rockrose

Dimensions: 3’3” High, 3’3” Spread The Gum Rockrose prefers open, sunny places with well drained soils, but can also live in poor soil. With evergreen leaves, it blossoms white flowers in the spring that only live one day.

Juniper

Dimensions: 29’ High, 13’ Spread The Juniper shrub is a slow growing evergreen that thrives in a variety of conditions including dry to wet soil, and part to full sun.

Carnation

FLOWER + SHRUB INFORMATION English Lavender

Dimensions: 4’ High,3’3”’ Spread The Lavender plant flowers from July to September, and has a large amount of small purple blooms. It is very fragrant, and lives in dry-moist soil and needs full sun.

Rosemary

Dimensions: 5’ High, 5’ Spread Rosemary is a fragrant flower, also used as an herb, has blue blooms from March to October. It likes dry to moist soil and full sun.

Lantana

Dimensions: 18-24” High, 12’ Spread The Carnation thrives in full sun, but does not require much water. They have a long flowering span and can last well into the Autumn months.

Dimensions: 1-4’ High The Lantana is a flowering shrub that blooms from late spring to early autumn.

The flowers change color as they mature, and this plant is often referred to as the Spanish flag. It prefers acidic soil and is very drought tolerant

Spanish Bluebells

Gazania

Dimensions: 9-18” High, 9-12’ Spread As the name implies, the Bluebell has blue, bell shaped blossoms. It can grow in many different types of soil and blooms in April and May. The bulb is planted 3-4” deep.

Dimensions: 8-10” High, 6-8” Spread The Daybreak Red Stripe Gazania thrives in full sun and well drained soil.

It is a yellow and red annual that flowers from June to September

Barker | Jean-Baptiste | Panzarino | Ray

FILLING THE VOID

RESEARCH ARCH 513 | VEGETATION

FLOWER + SHRUB INFORMATION

Geraniums

Lesser Butterfly Orchid

Ornamental Onion

Bee Orchid

Lacey Self-Heal

Grey Leaved Cistus

Dimensions: 6” High, 12’ Spread Typically grown in hanging baskets or as vines, the Geranium flowers range from deep reds, scarlets, pinks, whites, purples, and salmon. They prefer part shade to full sun and moist soil.

Dimensions: 2’ High, The Ornamental Onion is a bulb-grown plant that has large violet-pink flowers which grow on singular stems from mid summer to early fall. They live in part shade to full sun and in moist soil.

Dimensions: 18” High This herbaceous perennial forms pink or white flowers from spring to mid summer. It lives in part shade to full sun and grows well in moist soil.

MADRID, SPAIN

Dimensions: 22” High The Butterfly Orchid thrives in full sun and moist soil. It blooms from mid spring to mid summer.

Dimensions: 1’ High The Bee Orchid is a perennial which blooms in mid-summer. It prefers full sun and moist soil.

Dimensions: 3’ High The Grey Leaved Cistus is a flowering evergreen that produces one day pink, lilac, or purple flowers. This plant lives in moist soil with access to full sunlight.

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FILLING THE VOID Madrid, Spain

Arch 513.02 Comprehensive Design Studio RWU SAAHP Fall 2015 Roberto Viola Ochoa | Professor Thomas Barker | Student