FRENCH FANDAGANI GABRIEL ABECIA
Description status of Cagayan
The biography Charles R. Boxer: An Unusual Life covers his life from the 1930s through the 1980s as a historian, soldier, teacher, collector, and traveler. It includes a library of rare books, 355 books and articles, as well as hundreds of correspondence. In 1989, the Orient Foundation started issuing them in Portuguese.
Customs and rites of the Bisanyans
Account of the native of Zambales
ANGELO EIMAN
CAGAYANES
PHILIPPINE NATIVES
TAGALOGS
BISAYANS
NEGRILLOS
ZAMBALES
MOROS
GOLDEN BANGLES
PURONG
PENIS RING
PRE COLONIAL PRE COLONIAL PRE COLONIAL
WOOD
BARARAO
ARTIFACTS ARTIFACTS ARTIFACTS
GOLDEN NECKLACES
IRON
BRASS RODS
BOW AND ARROWS
THE BOXER CODEX AT THIS MOMENT
While most of the centuries-old customs and imagery in the Boxer Codex have faded along with the time, there are still some practices that manage to survive up until now. One of the practices that are still adapted until now is being superstitious that is undeniably the most common practices especially to the elders. Almost anything that they encounter in their daily life are connected with these beliefs. Although, in these present times, these practices are not really exercise by the people especially the millennials because they are already influenced by some cultures from other countries that is more dominating than the cultures of early Filipinos.
With these we can say that Filipinos are very rich in cultures and traditions long before the colonizers came to the Philippines.
Aside from this, there is also another practice that even the millennials are fond of – body art or Tattoo. Even today in the Visayas, an annual feast called Pintados Festival is celebrated in Tacloban to pay tribute to the ancient tattooing tradition. In the mountainous part of northern Luzon, tattooing traditions are still preserved today within certain tribes.
One example of this is the world famous over-ninety-year-old old Whang-Od, one of the last remaining traditional Kalinga tattooists in Luzon. Apo Whang-Od became famous in traditional way of tattooing using indigenous materials like mixture of charcoal and water and needle which is made from a thorn from a calamansi tree.
REFERENCES
Primary Sources:
Boxer, C. (2018). Boxer Codex: A Modern Spanish Transcription and English
Translation of the 16th- Century Explorations Accounts of East and Southeast Asia and the Pacific. (M. L. Garcia, C. Quirino, & M. Garcia, Trans., I. Donoso, Ed.) (2nd Edition). Vibal Foundation, Inc.
Secondary Sources:
Blair, E. H. (2005, August 9). The Philippine Islands, 1493–1803 of Loarca, Miguel. (1582). Relacion de las Yslas Filipinas. Madrid. Project Gutenberg. Retrieved February 16, 2023, from https://www.gutenberg.org/files/16501/16501-h/16501-h.htm
Blair, E. H. (2004, October 11). The Philippine Islands, 1493–1898 of Plasencia, Juan de. (1589) Customs of the Tagalogs. Manila. Project Gutenberg. Retrieved February 15, 2023, from https://www.gutenberg.org/files/13701/13701-h/13701-h.htm
Crossley, J. (2013, September 04). The early history of the boxer codex: Journal of the royal asiatic society. Retrieved February 1, 2023, from https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-the-royal-asiatic society/article/early-history-of-the-boxer-codex/535166D8433B65E22B6B10116D2097C6
Margaux Camaya, T. (2020, September 20). Boxer Codex: This is what 16th CENTURY Filipinos looked like. Retrieved February 2, 2023, from https://www.thevisualtraveler.net/2018/05/boxer-codex-this-is-what-16th-century.html
Ocampo, A. (2012, April 18). The boxer codex. Retrieved February 2, 2023, from https://opinion.inquirer.net/27029/the-boxer- codex? fbclid=IwAR24qb2mhSAwyc9ZYd33mSrck3cK4VY2znh0joIcEDMNwOWn5LZ W3g8NcfI
Plasencia, Juan de. (1589) Customs of the Tagalogs. Manila. B & R Vol. 7, pp. 173-198.
Scott, WH. (1994). Barangay. Sixteenth-Century Philippine Culture and Society. Ateneo de Manila University Press.
