Matter and the Characteristics of Matter? - NCERT/CBSE/ICSE

What is Matter? What are the Characteristics of Matter?

Matter Definition: Matter is any material with mass and volume that occupies space. Therefore, practically all objects around us consist of matter. For example, an automobile consists of matter due to its mass and volume. Matter consists of tiny particles that are not visible to the human eye. There are different forms of matter, namely, Solids, Liquids, Gases, and Plasma. Apart from these four major states, there is the Quark-Gluon Plasma, Bose-Einstein Condensate, and Neutron-Degenerate Matter.

In this blog, we will talk about the properties of matter in detail.

What are the characteristics of matter – Tabulate the differences in the characteristics of matter Matter: Characteristics We are aware that everything around us consists of tiny particles known as matter. These particles have some prominent features which we will talk about.

These features can get categorised into two sections – physical and chemical.

For a simple distinction between the two categories, we suggest that you go over the differences between physical and chemical changes first. You can check out our blog to brush up on your concept.

Now similar to the concept of physical and chemical changes, the physical and chemical properties of matter also depend on how the properties of the substance change.

In order to identify the physical properties of matter, it does not need to undergo any changes or transformations. However, in the case of the chemical properties of matter, substances need to get transformed into other forms of matter.

Matter: Physical Properties The physical properties of matter are independent of its chemical properties.

Now let’s look at some of them – 

As mentioned earlier, the matter is made up of really tiny particles. Such particles are called atoms. Due to atoms, matter takes up space meaning that it gets a certain volume.

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Physical properties include density, colour, hardness, melting and boiling points and conductivity.

Physical Properties of Matter

We understand that everything we see around us is made of matter. However, it is critical to remember that all kinds of matter do not have the same physical characteristics. One common example of this is that salt particles are soluble in water while sand particles are not. Therefore, these variables are called the different physical properties of matter.

Matter: Chemical Properties The chemical properties of matter are properties that can only get traced when matter changes into another substance. Let’s look at some of such properties – 

Reactivity – Reactivity is the tendency of matter to combine chemically with other substances. Reactivity of all materials differs based on their composition – some are highly reactive while some aren’t.

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Flammability – Flammability is the tendency of matter to burn. As a material gets burnt, it further reacts with the oxygen around us and transforms into other substances.

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Toxicity – The degree to which a chemical element or a combination of chemicals can harm an organism is toxicity.

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Acidity – The ability of a substance to react with an acid is a chemical property.

When certain metals react with different acids, they form compounds. Acids and bases combine to form water, which neutralises the acid.

Chemical Properties of Matter

FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions) What are the different states of matter?

Liquids, gases, and solids are matter’s three states. For instance, ice is a solid, water is a liquid, and steam is water in its gaseous state. Therefore, matter exists

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in all three states. Plasma, fermionic condensates, quark-gluon plasma, and other states in which matter exists.

What is the distinction between matter and mass?

Matter Mass Matter is any physical substance that we Mass is a quantifiable attribute of matter, observe around us. not a substance.

Anti-matter is the polar opposite of There is no such thing as mass’s inverse. matter.

Briefly explain “matter particle characteristics”.

We are aware that everything around us is made up of small particles known as matter. As such, these particles have certain characteristics that have been mentioned below – 

Tiny particles make up matter.

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Matter particles are drawn to one another.

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Spaces exist between matter particles.

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Matter particles are always in motion.

State one example of how to determine the particles of matter.

To discover the physical qualities of matter, we can do the following experiment: 

To begin, collect four to five crystals of potassium permanganate. Now dissolve them in 300 mL of water.

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Pour 20ml of the solution into 100 ml of clean water in a separate beaker.

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Repeat the preceding procedure with 20 ml of the solution in the same 100 ml of clean water.

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Continue diluting the solution and repeating the process 8 to 10 times, observing the change in colour of the final solution.

You will notice that as you keep mixing the potassium solution with new beakers of water, the colour of the potassium solution keeps getting lighter until it almost reaches a very light pink in the final solution. Thus, even a small quantity of potassium permanganate can affect the colour of the solution. Therefore, we can conclude from this experiment that matter can get broken down into millions of tiny particles. www.takshilalearning.com

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