What is a neutralization reaction - definition & examples

What is a neutralization reaction? Explain with an example Neutralization Reaction Definition A neutralization reaction is a reaction that takes place between an acid and a base. As acids and bases react, they produce salt and water as byproducts.

During the process, energy also gets created.

The neutralization reaction’s general equation is as follows: Acid + Base → Salt + Water

Neutralization Reaction Examples Below are the examples of neutralization reactions: 1. A mixture of sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid create sodium chloride and water.

NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H2O

2. In the case of indigestion, milk of magnesia, a base, is administered as an antacid to neutralize the excess acid created in the stomach.

Mg(OH)2 + 2HCl → MgCl2 + 2H2O

Acids, Bases, and Ions When an acid dissolves in water, it creates positive hydrogen ions (H+) and negative nonmetal ions. (Ions get charged atoms that have lost or gained electrons.) An example of an acid is hydrochloric acid (HCl). HCl creates positive hydrogen ions and negative chloride ions when it gets dissolved in water (Cl-).

The following chemical equation can be used to represent this:

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When a substance dissolves in water, it emits -ive hydroxide ions (OH-) and +ive metal ions. When the base sodium hydroxide (NaOH) dissolves in water, it creates -ive hydroxide and +ive sodium ions (Na+).

It can get represented by the chemical equation:

Reactions of Acids and Bases

A neutralisation reaction is an acid-base reaction. That is because it yields neutral products. Water is always one of the byproducts, and salt also forms. Salt is an ionic substance that is neutral.

Now let us at how a neutralisation reaction creates both water and salt. We will consider the reaction between hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide as an example.

The overall equation for this reaction is:

NaOH + HCl → H2O + NaCl Let us now divide this reaction into two portions to examine how each product gets formed. 

Positive hydrogen ions (H+) from HCl and negative hydroxide ions (OH-) from NaOH combine to form water. The reaction below depicts this part of the equation:

H+ + OH– → H2O

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

Positive sodium ions (Na+) from NaOH, and negative chloride ions (Cl –) from HCl combine to form the salt sodium chloride (NaCl), commonly called table salt. The reaction below depicts this part of the equation:

Na+ + Cl– → NaCl

Important points to remember 

An acid is a chemical that raises the quantity of H+ in an aqueous solution.



A base is a chemical that increases the quantity of OH in an aqueous solution.

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Neutralization is the interaction of an acid and a base that results in the formation of water and salt.

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Solid acids, solid bases, solid salts, and water may get included in net ionic equations for neutralization processes.

FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions) What do you mean by neutralization reaction?

It is a chemical process that results in salt and water from an acid and a base.

However, salt and water cannot get transformed back into their reactants. Due to this, a neutralisation reaction is irreversible.

Salt loses its uniqueness when acid and bases react since the reactants have extremely different qualities. Therefore, salt possesses characteristics that are not identical to either acid or base.

Give an equation for the neutralization reaction of potassium hydroxide and sulphuric acid.

The neutralization reaction is as follows:

Write the neutralization reaction between H2SO4(aq) and Sr(OH)2(aq).

The neutralization reaction is as follows:

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Write the net ionic equation between HNO3(aq) and Ti(OH)4(s).

The net ionic equation is as follows:

List some examples of neutralization reactions. 

When a person is stung by a bee, formic acid enters the skin and produces pain. A massage by slaked lime or baking soda can help relax this pain because both these substances are bases.



Ammonia solution can neutralise the acids that accidentally stain our clothes.



If the soil is somewhat acidic, making certain crops unsuitable for growth, slake lime is applied to neutralise the excess acid.

What exactly is a salt?

A salt gets generated when a base’s cation (+ive ion) reacts with an acid’s anion (-ive ion). The neutralisation of a strong acid and a strong base yields a pH of 7 (i.e. neutral pH).

PH Scale

List some strong acids and bases.

The table below contains a list of common strong acids and strong bases: Strong Bases NaOH KOH LiOH CsOH Ba(OH)2

Strong Acids HCl Hl HBr HClO4 H2SO4

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What products do you believe might result from the combination of acid and basic solutions?

When acid and base solutions are combined, they yield water and a neutral ionic substance.

When antacid tablets react with HCl in the stomach, what products are produced?

Water and salt calcium chloride are the end products (CaCl2). CO2 (carbon dioxide) is also created.

The reaction is represented by the chemical equation:

What function does hydrochloric acid play in our stomach?

An acid and a base have extremely different qualities, but when they react to make a salt, the salt loses its uniqueness. The salt as a whole possesses properties that are not identical to either acid or base.

Give an equation for the neutralization reaction of Sodium hydroxide with Hydrochloric acid.

The neutralization reaction is as follows:

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