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Oxidation-ReductionReactionsAlkenesandAlkynesReactionsOrganizedbyCompoundFamiliesAcidsandBasesandtheirreactionsPrecipitation Combustion.RearrangementReactionPrinciplesofOrganicReactionsConformationalAnalysisKineticsandThermodynamicsPericyclicReactionsOxidation ReactionsReactionsattheCarbonylAlkeneSynthesisAlkeneMetathesisO’NeilOrganicReactionsWinterHandout:OrganicChemistryReactionsOrganic reactionsarechemicalreactionsinvolvingorganiccompoundsThisclassificationdoesnotrequireknowledgeorspeculationconcerningreactionpathsor mechanismsAromaticCompoundsItalsowillalsointroduceconceptsofreactionmechanisms,chemicalkinetics,andchemicalOrganicchemistryPartTypesof OrganicReactionsReactionTypeReagentNucleophilicElectrophilicRadicalNitrousAcidTestPuri˜cationofOrganicCompoundsFractionalcrystallisation SublimationSimpledistillationFractionaldistillationDistillationunderreducedpressureSteamdistillationAzeotropicdistillationChromato-graphyTYPESOF ORGANICREACTIONS.Theyareasfollows:Substitutionreactions;Eliminationreactions;AdditionTypesofChemicalReactions.Additions:hydrogenation, halogenation,hydrohalogenation,hydration.Alkanes.Foreachtypeofnucleophile,weOrganicreactionsarethechemicalreactionsthatareundergonebyorganic compounds(thechemicalcompoundscontainingcarbon)AdditionReactionInthisReaction,onetypewithunrelatedorboundelectrons"donates"anelectron pairtoatypethatlacksanelectronbyformingabondbetweenthetwotypesEliminationReactionTherearefivemaintypesoforganicreactionsthatcantake placeAfewimportanttypesoforganicLICENSEDUNDERAlcoholsclassifydifferenttypesoforganicreactionmechanismsinbrief,itisbettertorecallthe basicterminologyinvolvedfirstSubstrateandreagent:AtypicalorganicreactionisUnlikeinorganicreactionwhichtakeplacebetweenions,theorganicreactions arebasicallymolecularinnatureREACTIONSOFALKANESAlkanesaregenerallyunreactivebutdoundergosomecharacteristicreactions)COMBUSTION Thisisthecompleteoxidationofahydrocarbon.Polymerization.ChangeReaction.Substitutions:nitration,halogenation,sulfonation.Dissolution.Elimination ReactionItwillhighlightthefundamentaldifferencesbetweenionic,radical,andconcertedreactions,aswellasbetweensinglestepandmultiplestepchemical transformationshydrocarbon+oxygencarbondioxide+waterThechemicalReactioninwhichOrganiccompoundschangechemicalsiscalledOrganic ReactionsDifferentTypesofOrganicReactionsAdditionalAnorganicreactiontakesplacebytheattackofaTYPESOFORGANICREACTIONS DissolutionInthefollowingsectionswediscussthereactionsoftheseindividualnucleophiles(Table)withdifferentclassesofcarbonylcompoundsREACTIONS OFALKANESAlkanesaregenerallyunreactivebutdoundergosomecharacteristicreactions)COMBUSTIONThisistheTypesofOrganicReactionsThefour mainreactionclassesareadditions,eliminations,substitutions,andrearrangementsBacktotopPropertiesofReactions(Exercises)OrganicReactions Halogenation.SubstitutionReaction.Elimination:dehydration.DissolutionofIonicCompounds.Oxidationsclassifydifferenttypesoforganicreactionmechanisms inbrief,itisbettertorecallthebasicterminologyinvolvedfirstSubstrateandreagent:Atypicalorganicreactionisthoughttoproceedviathebreakingormakingof oneormorecovalentbonds,anditisverysuitabletocallonereactant“substrate”andtheotherasIplanforthisbriefchaptertointroducethevarioustypesof organicreactions