2018 Global Legal Careers Guidebook - Global Law Students Association (GLSA)

GLOBAL LEGAL CAREERS GUIDEBOOK 2018

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

2017 Committee President: Yin Lim Executive Director: Claudia Martin Vice Presidents: Janey Nestadt and Georgia Steven Treasurer: Thomas Hampel Professional Development Directors: Saba Mollaian and Mazine Radwan Careers Directors: Sarah Waring and Maria Cananzi Marketing and Communications Directors: Ishita Mattoo and Benjamin Henry International Student Liaison: Anna Bohacova Co-Opts: Declan Harrington, Alexandra Cook, Mona Wu, Laura Shandley, Akshai Veer Singh, Benjamin Stern, Christie-Anna Ozorio, Mayeesha Mahrebin.

Acknowledgments Guidebook Co-Opts: Alexandra Cook, Mona Wu, Christie-Anna Ozorio Designer: Sarah Waring Editors: Maria Cananzi and Sarah Waring Sponsors: Ashurst Baker McKenzie Freshfields Bruckhaus Deringer Herbert Smith Freehills Latham & Watkins Skadden

DISCLAIMER

No person should rely on the contents of this publication without obtaining advice from a qualified professional person. This publication is produced on terms and understand that (1) the authors, consultants, and editors are not responsible for the results of any actions taken on the basis of information in this publication, nor for any error in or omission from this publication: and (2) the authors, consultants, and editors are not engaged in rendering professional advice or services. The publisher and authors, consultants, and editors, expressly disclaim all and any liability and responsibility to any person, whether a reader of this publication or not, in respect of anything, and of the consequences of anything, done or omitted to be done by any such person in reliance, whether wholly or partially upon the whole or any part of the contents of this publication.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

54

INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF HUMANITARIAN LAW

55

INTERNATIONAL SERVICE FOR HUMAN RIGHTS

55

LAWYERS WITHOUT BORDERS

56

LEGAL RESOURCES CENTRE (LRC)

56

LOWY INSTITUTE FOR INTERNATIONAL POLICY

57

MCCABE CENTRE FOR LAW AND CANCER

JURISDICTIONS

58

REPRIEVE AUSTRALIA

UNITED STATES

58

SAVE THE CHILDREN

10 CANADA

59

TRANSPARENCY INTERNATIONAL

11 BRAZIL

60

FOREIGN POLICY IN AUSTRALIA

12 ENGLAND

60

AUSTRALIAN SECURITY INTELLIGENCE ORGANISATION (ASIO)

15

NEW ZEALAND

61

AUSTRALIAN SECRET INTELLIGENCE SERVICE (ASIS)

16 SPAIN

61

DEPARTMENT OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS AND TRADE (DFAT)

63

THE UNITED NATIONS AND AFFILIATED ORGANISATIONS

22 GERMANY

64

OFFICE OF THE HIGH COMMISSIONER FOR HUMAN RIGHTS

23 NETHERLANDS

64

WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO)

24 JAPAN

64

TRANSPARENCY INTERNATIONAL

25 CHINA

65

UNESCO

26

INTERNATIONAL LABOUR ORGANIZATION (ILO)

8

17 SWITZERLAND 19 ITALY 20 FRANCE 21 BELGIUM

HONG KONG

67

27 SINGAPORE

68

UNITED NATIONS ENVIRONMENT PROGRAMME (UNEP)

28 MALAYSIA

69

WORLD INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY ORGANIZATION (WIP)

29 THAILAND

70

UNITED NATIONS OFFICE ON DRUGS AND CRIME (UNODC)

30 VIETNAM

70

UNITED NATIONS OFFICE OF LEGAL AFFAIRS (UNOLA)

31

SOUTH KOREA

71

EXTRAORDINARY CHAMBERS IN THE COURTS OF CAMBODIA

UNITED ARAB EMIRATES

72

INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE (ICJ)

33 QATAR

73

INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURT (ICC)

34

SAUDI ARABIA

73

ORGANIZATION FOR THE PROHIBITION OF CHEMICAL WEAPONS

35

SOUTH AFRICA

74

INTERNATIONAL TRIBUNAL FOR THE LAW OF THE SEA

74

BAHA’I INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY’S UNITED NATIONS OFFICE

76

AUSTRALIAN PERMANENT MISSION TO THE UNITED NATIONS

32

GLOBAL OPPORTUNITIES 38

SAHIL SONDHI ON HIS NON-LINEAR CAREER PATH

41

CONSULTING & INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY

82

INTERNATIONAL LAW &FINANCE, TRADE & ECONOMICS

42

BOSTON CONSULTING GROUP (BCG)

83

ASIAN INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT BANK (AIIB)

44

PRICEWATER COOPER (PWC)

84

ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK (ADB)

45

INTERNATIONAL INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY INSTITUTE

85

WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION

47

PUBLIC LAW & GOVERNANCE: NGO’S & NFP

48

ADVOCACY FORUM (NEPAL)

87

PRIVATE PRACTICE

48

AFRICA MIDDLE EAST REFUGEE ASSISTANCE (AMERA)

88

TIPS & DEADLINES

49

AMNESTY INTERNATIONAL

92

ALLEN & OVERY

49

CENTER FOR JUSTICE AND ACCOUNTABILITY

96

ALLENS LINKLATERS

50

EQUAL JUSTICE INITIATIVE (EJI)

98

ASHURST

50

GLOBAL POLICY FORUM (GPF)

100

BAKER MCKENZIE

51

GLOBAL PUBLIC POLICY INSTITUTE (GPPI)

102

FRESHFIELDS BRUCKHAUS DERINGER

52

HUMAN RIGHTS FIRST

106

HERBERT SMITH FREEHILLS

52

HUMAN RIGHTS WATCH

109

KING & WOOD MALLESONS

53

INTERNATIONAL COMMISSION OF JURISTS

112

LATHAM & WATKINS

53 INTERNATIONAL COMMISSION OF TRANSITIONAL JUSTICE

116

SKADDEN

54

120

SLAUGHTER & MAY

THE INTERNATIONAL JUSTICE PROJECT

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L E T TE R FRO M T H E E DI TORS Dear Readers, We are so happy to present to you the 2017/2018 Herbert Smith Freehills Global Careers Guidebook. This has been a labour of love over the past twelve months and could not have come together without an immensely talented and dedicated team behind us.

Firstly, we would like to thank Ali Cook for her dedication and innovative contributions. From her hard work, we have been able to incorporate new sections into the Guidebook dedicated to Intellectual Property and Management Consulting. We also thank her for her contributions to the international NGO section of the Guidebook. Secondly, we would like to thank Christie-Anna Orozio for her tireless research and contributions to the Guidebook. Thanks to her work, we have been able to compile a comprehensive section on UN bodies and affiliated associations, alongside sections on international governance and policy, and on international trade and economics. Thirdly, we would like to thank Mona Wu for her research and contributions to the Guidebook.

We would also like to thank the 2017 Committee for their support and for allowing us an open and productive forum to raise ideas and provide feedback. In particular, we would like to thank our past committee members, 2012 President Sahil Sodhi, and 2017 Professional Development Director Saba Mollaian. Finally, we would like to thank our incredible 2017 sponsors for their enduring support and ensuring that the GLSA is able to continuously able to provide this publication service to the MLS cohort.

At the GLSA, we’re for building Global Futures. We hope that this Guidebooks inspires you to think about where your endeavours in the law will take you.

Sarah Waring and Maria Cananzi Careers Directors Global Thinkers

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JURISDICTION

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U NI TED STAT ES Common law English Democracy State Bar Exam USD$ Washington D.C.

COUNTRY BACKGROUND

REQUIREMENTS TO PRACTICE

ECONOMY

Whilst it is more challenging to put your legal degree to use in the US as a foreign lawyer, it is not impossible.

The United States’ economy has the highest nominal GDP, with approximately 20% of total global output and the sixth highest per capita GDP. It is dominated by highly-developed and technologically advanced services sector, considerable natural resources and (aging) infrastructure, large workforce and US corporations that include more than one fifth of the Fortune Global 500 companies.

The US economy operates as a free-market, business-oriented private enterprise system, with limited government intervention. Distinctly, US corporations have considerable freedom of operation and little government control over issues such as employment and product development.

Despite this, the US economy has numerous problems, including recovery from the 2009 recession, the trade deficit and its two tier nature, with some Americans enjoying very high-income levels whilst others are in poverty.

QUALIFYING AS A US LAWYER The requirements for a foreign lawyer to be admitted to practice as a US lawyer are different for each state. Whilst 23 states have stringent requirements for all applicants, including that their legal degree is from a university accredited by the American Bar Association (ABA), in other states such as New York, California, New Hampshire, Alabama and Virginia, the process is easier, with the New York bar exam’s process for foreign lawyer the most straightforward – but not necessarily easy.

Therefore it is advisable to research the requirements for the state you’re hoping to practice in. The requirements for each state are listed on the state-specific bar exam website, and summarised by the National Conference of Bar Examiners ‘Bar Admission Guide’ (www. ncbex.org).

Here, California and New York will be discussed in depth, after short overview of the general requirements.

LEGAL SYSTEM The United States follows the common law legal system, with the Federal law derived from the US Constitution, enshrining the ‘Bill of Rights’ which protects many rights and freedoms enjoyed by Americans. The federal laws are then augmented by the State and local laws, which fragments the legal system. Each state possesses its own civil and criminal system, and is supported by their own laws, courts, bar associations, prisons and police. This vast variation between state and local laws means that lawyers cannot easily move practice between states and must satisfy each states individual admission requirements.

In the US, law is one of the most competitive professions, and is consequently tightly regulated and difficult to break into.

Litigation is not just a way of seeking justice in the US, it is also a tradition, a prominent focus of TV dramas, and notably a national sport.

In playing this sport, lawyers are permitted to work on a contingency basis, accepting cases on a ‘no-win, no-fee basis’, retaining large fees (sometimes up to 50% of any damages) if they win.

Also fuelling this heightened sense of competition is the fact that like Australia, the US is struggling from an over-saturation of law graduates competing for too few places. In 2016, there were 35,749 graduates of American Bar Association (ABA) accredited law schools, and only 23,928 managed to secure jobs after passing the Bar.

For all states you must be admitted to the bar association of the state where they wish to practice. This involves the following steps: ++ Step 1: Have your foreign legal credentials evaluated and certified by the American Bar Association (ABA) and/or relevant state Bar association, as equivalent US credentials.

This can take up to a year to assess. For New York see Rule 520.6 Rules of Court of Appeals for Admission of Attorneys. ++ Step 2: Undertake any further education at an ABA approved law school (if required) to ensure you have studied the Rules of Professional Conduct. This depends on the jurisdiction. ++ Step 3: Apply to take the bar exam ++ Step 4: Passing the notorious day-long bar-exam »» This is notoriously hard, especially for foreign educated candidates. The national average for US trained lawyers is approximately 58% passage rate on the first try, whilst for foreign-trained lawyers its around 30%. »» Therefore, it may be worthwhile to take one of the many bar review courses and consider exploring private bar tutoring options. These can be rather expensive (approximately US$1000-4000 for New York and California), and run in a variety of formats including (from fully-online to full-time 6 weeks of classes). ++ Step 5: Complete additional requirements for that jurisdiction. For example: »» Receive a positive ‘moral character’ determination »» Pass the Multistate Professional Responsibility Examination »» Possibly providing a Social Security number, or if you do not have one, requesting an exemption when registering with the State bar It is advisable to start this process and apply to sit the bar exam at least six months to a year before the date you intend to take it.

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New York is one of the most popular destinations for foreign trained attorneys to practice, and therefore to facilitate this process the state has less stringent requirements. The New York Board of Legal Examiners set specific requirements for foreign trained lawyers who wish to practice in New York in Rule 520.6 Rules of Court of Appeals for Admission of Attorneys. A foreign trained lawyer will fall into one of two categories: (1) their foreign education transfers to the US system; or (2) it does not. ++ (1) A foreign-trained lawyer’s education will usually transfer if their degree is at least 3 years long and focused on common law. They can then sit the bar exam after receiving permission from the Board of Law Examiners. Students with a JD from Melbourne Law School likely fall into this category. ++ (2) If it does not transfer, to sit the bar exam foreign-trained lawyers must complete an LLM program with certain qualifications.

For a more comprehensive guide, see: https://www.law.georgetown. edu/academics/academic-programs/graduate-programs/us-bar/ New-York-Bar-Examination.cfm

CALIFORNIA California is another popular option. Like New York, the California Board of Bar Examiners set relatively liberal admission requirements for foreign lawyers. If these are met, its typically easier to sit for the bar exam in California than it is in New York.

Foreign trained lawyers typically fall into two categories. ++ If you have been admitted into practice in a foreign jurisdiction, you are typically eligible to take the bar exam in California without needing to complete any additional requirements other than having their qualifications and experienced certified as being equivalent to that of an UStrained lawyer (see step 1 above). ++ If you have not been admitted to practice in a foreign jurisdiction, you can still be eligible to take the bar exam after completing an LLM that covers 4 subjects tested on the California Bar Exam. These must include courses that cover the California Business and Professions Code, the ABA Model Rules of Professional Conduct, and the leading relevant federal and state law.

See the California Bar Website for more information: (http://www. calbar.ca.gov/Admissions/Requirements/Education/Legal-Education/ Foreign-Education/Foreign-Law-Degree)

USING YOUR AUSTRALIAN JD IN THE US WITHOUT BEING A US LAWYER There are a number of ways that you can use your Australian JD without becoming a fully admitted state-bar member.

FOREIGN LEGAL CONSULTANT The most common is to become a foreign legal consultant (FLC) – essentially a foreign trained lawyer who has established a limited practice in the US to practice the law of their home jurisdiction. There are specific rules that govern FLC’s in 31 states and the District of Columbia and the US Virgin Islands, so you should research further before deciding to become a foreign legal consultant. For example, in California you must be registered with the State bar and submit a separate application to be registered as an FLC.

FLY-IN/FLY-OUT In some states, there are also opportunities for temporary transactional work, for pro hac vice admission to the state bar, and for foreign lawyers to serve as in-house counsel.

OPPORTUNITIES AVAILABLE ONCE YOU ARE EXPERIENCED Once you have obtained a few year’s experience at a major Australian law firm, such opportunities in the US may open up, particularly if you have corporate Mergers & Acquisitions, banking and finance or private equity experience. A significant number of Australian lawyers have moved to work in the US, particularly New York, to work as inhouse counsel for companies with global business.

No matter what you decide, be sure to do your research since each state has different requirements.

OPPORTUNITIES ASSOCIATE PROGRAMS Law is one of the most competitive professions in the US, and is consequently tightly regulated and difficult to break into for most.

The impact of the Global Financial Crisis was heavily felt by US corporate law firms. However, with the market recovering there is hope that this will see an increase in the number of law graduates.

For students with an Australian JD wishing to work in the US, the best path is to apply for summer associate programs run by law firms in the US run over the US summer (Australian winter). These are akin to clerkships in Australia. They offer associates a chance to see what life at a US law firm is really like, and the firms hire most if not all of their graduates from their summer associates.

A key distinction is that there is typically a greater workload during most US summer associate programs at corporate law firms due to the competitive nature of the US legal profession. It may also be challenging for MLS JD students to land these internships as many of them run for 8-12 weeks through the months of May, June and July.

LAW FIRMS ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++

Allen & Overy Freshfields Bruckhaus Deringer Skadden, White & Case Latham & Watkins Clifford Chance Baker & McKenzie Sullivan & Cromwell Davis Polk & Wardwell Cravath, Swaine & Moore Wachtell, Lipton, Rosen & Katz Simpson Thacher & Bartlett Kirkland & Ellis Jones Day Sidley Austin LLP

To be registered as an FLC you must have been admitted to practice and be in good standing as an attorney for at least four of the six years immediately preceding the application. FLC’s are also prohibited from practicing certain areas of law.

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JURISDICTION

NEW YORK

CAN ADA Civil law English & French Parliamentary Constitutional Monarchy Bar Exam Canadian dollar Ottawa

COUNTRY BACKGROUND

REQUIREMENTS TO PRACTICE

ECONOMY

REQUALIFYING AS A CANADIAN LAWYER

Famous for maple syrup and Prime Minister Justin Trudeau, Canada has one of the strongest economies, dominated largely by high-tech service industry and international trade. Canada is one of the world’s top trading nations with major exports of energy, food and mineral, and vast oil reserves that rank Canada as the world’s fifth largest oil producer.

Canadian economic system typically combines elements of both public and private enterprise, is open to free trade and has numerous free trade agreements, primarily with the US, which has since become Canada’s principal trading partner.

LEGAL SYSTEM The Canadian legal system typically operates under both the civil and common law traditions.

As a federation of former British colonies, Canada follows a system of parliamentary democracy similar to that in the US, UK and Australia, and with the UK Queen as the head of state. All provinces except Québec inherited the common law system from the British. Québec has a distinct hybrid legal system with private law based on the French civil code and its public law on the common law. Both of these legal systems are subject to the Canadian Constitution, from which all laws derive their power.

The highest court in Canada is the Supreme Court of Canada. Its nine judges represent Canada’s four major regions on final appeals from decisions in the Federal Court and the lower courts in the province and territories, as well as important questions about the Constitution and controversial or complex areas of law. Administrative tribunals and boards also play an essential role in resolving disputes Canada, dealing with issues over interpretation and application of laws and regulations such as entitlement to disability benefits, refugee claims and human rights.

Each province and territory has its own regulations for qualifying as a lawyer. The requirements for foreign lawyers to requalify are complex. In Canada’s common law provinces and territories this involves a two-stage process, followed by any additional requirements specific to the province or territory in which you want to work.

1. First, you must apply to the National Committee on Accreditation (NCA) for an NCA Certificate of Qualification. This involves an evaluation of your foreign legal qualifications, training experience to ensure this is equivalent to that of the Canadian common law LLB degree.

NCA may require you to undergo further legal education to meet this standard.

2. Once an NCA Certificate is obtained, applicants can proceed to a Bar Admission Course (BAC) on the same footing as graduates of Canadian common law schools. Whilst the content differs between provinces, it generally consists of a practical legal training course and a fixed term working period (typically 9-12 months) under a supervising lawyer (articling). For further information on the specific BAC requirements for a particular province, please visit http:// www.lawyeredu.org/canada.html.

You must meet any additional requirements for that province or territory. This may require becoming a permanent resident of Canada before undertaking articles.

FOREIGN LEGAL CONSULTANT Alternatively, foreign lawyers can practice in Canada via a Foreign Legal Consultant licence. This permits foreign lawyers restricted legal practice within the specific province or territory – but only regarding their home country qualifications and experience. To become licenced as a Foreign legal consultant you should communicate directly with the Law Society in which you wish to be licenced.

LAW FIRMS

CULTURE & PEOPLE Although Canada is geographically large, the population is comparatively small, with the highest populations in Ontario, Quebec and British Columbia respectively.

English and French are the two official languages, however the majority of Canadians typically speak English, except in Quebec where French is most commonly spoken. Legislation and decisions of the Supreme Court of Canada are usually published in English.

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++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++

Norton Rose Fulbright LLP White & Case Skadden (Toronto) DLA Piper Borden Ladner Gervais LLP Gowling Lafleur Henderson LLP Fasken Martineau LLP Blake, Cassels & Graydon Davies Ward Phillips & Vineberg LLP Goodmans LLP McCarthy Tetrault LLP Osler, Hoskin & Harcourt LLP Stikeman Elliot LLP Torys LLP Aird & Berlis Miller Thomson LLP Dentons Canada LLP Gowlings Bennet Jones

Civil law Portuguese Federal Presidential Representative Democratic Republic Order of Attorneys Bar Exam (OAB) Brazilian Real Brasilia

COUNTRY BACKGROUND

FIRMS/ORGANISATIONS

LEGAL SYSTEM & THE MARKET In Brazil, the legal system is closely related to a civil law tradition, based on statutes which have a mechanism similar to stare decisis following recent constitutional reform in 2004.

The Federal Supreme court is the highest court in Brazil, with original jurisdiction in Constitutional matters. The municipalities do not have their own justice system, and therefore resort to the state or federal systems depending on the case.

Brazil’s legal market is sophisticated and mature, with substantial legal activity in the increased number of mergers and acquisitions, increased investment in infrastructure and public works. Furthermore, Brazil is rapidly trying to align itself with global regulations to facilitate international transactions.

Major international law firms such as Clifford Chance, Linklaters, Mayer Brown LLP have partnered with local Brazilian firms in order to assist on matters within Brazil.

Furthermore, the following are elite Brazilian firms that are the leading full-service players in the market: ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++

BMA – BarbosaMüssnich Aragão Demarest Advogados Machado Meyer Sendacz e Opice Advogados Mattos Filho Veiga Filho Marrey Jr. e Quiroga Advogados Pinheiro Neto Advogados TozziniFreire Advogados Veirano Advogados

REQUIREMENTS TO PRACTICE REQUALIFYING AS A BRAZILIAN LAWYER For foreign lawyers to practice law in Brazil they must meet all the requirements prescribed to Brazilian lawyers and are also required to pass the Brazilian bar association exam, the ‘Order of Attorneys of Brazil’ (OAB).

To sit the OAB exam requires having your foreign degree validated by the Brazilian Bar Association Board.

Once you have passed the OAB exam, you are then qualified to practice law in Brazil, including drafting legal documents, giving written advice and appearing in court.

FOREIGN CONSULTANT If a foreign lawyer has not re-qualified, they can still work in Brazil – but only in a limited capacity as a ‘foreign law consultant’ (FLC).

FLC’s have limited powers, only entitled to consult on matters of law referring to their original jurisdiction.

To be a FLC, foreign lawyers must apply for authorisation to work as an FLC, which involves providing evidence of: ++ Admission to practice law in your home country; ++ Possessing a Brazilian resident visa; ++ No previous conviction for serious criminal offences or penalty from the respective bar association; and ++ Certification of your ‘good reputation’, issued by the respective bar association and signed by three Brazilian lawyers.

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BRAZIL

EN GLAN D Common law English Constitutional Monarchy & Queen Legal Practical Course (LPC) or Bar Professional Training course (BTP) Pounds sterling London

COUNTRY BACKGROUND ECONOMY The United Kingdom (UK), and more specifically London is central to global commerce and trade. Consequently, it is of primary importance for conducting high-end commercial law.

LEGAL SYSTEM The UK legal system is comprised of English law (based on common law and applicable to England and Wales), and Northern Irish law (based on common law and applicable only to Northern Ireland), and Scots law (based largely on civil law but influenced by common law, and applicable only in Scotland).

London is a very attractive place for Australian law graduates wishing to pursue a career in law, especially commercial law. This is for numerous reasons, including: ++ Australian law is derived from English common law, and therefore has many similar legal principles and rules; ++ English courts are the international forum of choice for commercial dispute resolution; ++ UK law is the basis for most of the worlds commercial agreements because English common law forms the basis for 27 % of legal jurisdictions in the world, therefore governing 30% of the global population. ++ London is the internationally preferred location for legal arbitration due to its clear legislative framework, judicial support for arbitration and high saturation of world-class advisors and arbitration organisations in London.

There is significant Australian legal presence in the UK, with a large number of Australian lawyers and firms with offices in both London and Australia (including Minter Ellison, Freehills via Herbert Smith, and Allens vial their alliance with Linklaters).

WHAT ABOUT BREXIT? The British Exit (‘Brexit’) has caused a lot of uncertainty and it is unclear precisely what will happen. Brexit is likely to change how immigration from the rest of Europe to the UK works. Furthermore, even if you qualify in an EU country, it is unclear what the immigration requirements will be. Some law firms have stipulated that Brexit could make it harder for lawyers from both other EU countries and those from non-EU countries (e.g. Australian) to work in the UK.

REQUIREMENTS TO PRACTICE REQUALIFYING AS A UK LAWYER There are two main ways of practicing law in the UK with an overseas law degree, which depends on whether or not you are qualified in your home jurisdiction.

AND ARE NOT QUALIFIED AS A LAWYER IN AUSTRALIA If you have completed a full-time degree in any subject from a nonUK university (e.g. the JD at Melbourne Law School), but are not a qualified lawyer in Australia, to qualify as a UK lawyer you must follow this process: 1. Undertake the Graduate Diploma in Law (GDL). This oneyear course is the same method domestic non-law students enter the legal profession. You may be able to apply to the SRA for a Certificate of Academic Standing to skip the GDL and qualify for direct entry into the LPC or BPTC 2. Complete the Legal Practice Course (LPC) if you want to become a solicitor, or the Bar Professional Training Course (BPTC) to become a barrister. This is typically one year long.

3. Complete a ‘training contract’, equivalent to the Australian ‘graduate contract’: two additional years of training in a law firm

AND ARE QUALIFIED AS A LAWYER IN AUSTRALIA If you are already qualified as a lawyer in your home jurisdiction, to practice in the UK you must undertake the Qualified Lawyers Transfer Scheme (QLTS). The QLTS involves two stages of assessment: The Multiple-Choice Test (MCT) which must be passed before sitting the Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE).

To take the QLTS, you must satisfy the following requirements: ++ You must prove you are qualified as a lawyer in an SRA recognised jurisdiction (such as Australia). This means you must undertake the Australian Practical Legal Training (PLT) and obtain a practicing certificate in Australia before going to the UK, but do not have to obtain any post-admission professional experience in Australia or the full suite of UK educational training requirements. ++ You must have no outstanding disciplinary matters on your record. ++ Pass the SRA’s assessment of your character and suitability ++ You must provide evidence of meeting the English language requirement (e.g. degree taught in English or passing an English language test). ++ Register with Kaplan QLTS to take the QLTS by the registration deadline, which is typically in early December.

Preparatory training for the assessment is offered by providers such as BPP, QLTS School and the City Law School.

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More information on the QLTS assessment content, rules and deadlines can be found on Kaplan’s website and SRA’s website. ++ https://qlts.kaplan.co.uk ++ http://www.sra.org.uk/ solicitors/qlts/apply.page

AND ARE NOT QUALIFIED AS A LAWYER IN AUSTRALIA From 2020 (possibly delayed to 2021), everyone who wants to qualify as a solicitor in England and Wales, including domestic UK candidates, overseas lawyers and overseas graduates from any degree, will be encouraged to take the new Solicitors Qualifying Examination (SQE).

This is a single exam and process that replaces the current GDL, LPC and training contract, and doesn’t even require a law degree!

Under the new system, to qualify you will need to do just four things to qualify: ++ Hold a degree (in any subject) ++ Pass stages 1 (legal knowledge) and 2 (practical legal skills) of the SQE. »» The SRA encourages completing a preparatory course for the SQE1, and will cover roughly the same content as the GDL or an undergraduate law degree, and the practical elements of the LPC. At the moment, it is unclear how long the SQE1 preparatory course is expected to take. ++ Complete 24 months of legal work experience (not necessarily with just one employer). ++ Meet the Solicitors Regulation Authority (SRA)’s character and suitability requirements.

If you are already undertaking the GDL, PC or are due to take any of those in 2019, you can still follow the old route to qualification.

The SRA expects to completely phase out the old route by 2031.

WITHOUT REQUALIFYING IN THE UK With your Australian law degree, you can practice in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland as a Foreign Legal Consultant (FLC) or on a ‘fly-in/fly-out’ basis without re-qualifying or completing further study.

FLY-IN/FLY-OUT For temporary ‘fly-in/fly-out’ practice, there are no explicit rules except that certain areas of law are reserved to those who hold registered UK legal titles. In England and Wales such restricted areas include: litigation, drafting and providing financial, immigration advice, and administering oaths. Throughout the UK, foreign lawyers can obtain visas to visit clients or special ‘permit paid employment’ visas valid for one month without obtaining a work permit.

FOREIGN LEGAL CONSULTANT (FLC) Foreign lawyers can also practice as a foreign legal consultant (FLC) on matters pertaining to the law of their home jurisdiction. For England and Wales, Non-European Economic Area (EEA) lawyers that wish to partner with English solicitors must register as a Registered Foreign Lawyer with the relevant law society. There is no such requirement in Northern Ireland, and in Scotland non-EEA foreign lawyers are only required to register with the Law society if they want to become partners in multi-national practices.

ADMISSION AS A BARRISTER To qualify for admission as a Barrister in the UK with a law degree from a foreign jurisdiction, you must: 1. Be a qualified foreign lawyer in your jurisdiction 2. Have a minimum of three years of post-admission experience (PAE) in your home jurisdiction 3. Obtain a certificate proving you haven’t been prohibited from practicing in your home jurisdiction 4. Complete the Bar Transfer Test For more information see: www.barstandardsboard. qualifying-as-a-barrister/transferring-lawyers/

org.uk/

REGULATORY BODIES The regulatory bodies are different in Northern Ireland and Scotland than they are in England and Wales. Students considering working in the UK should contact these bodies to discuss their individual circumstances. ++ In England and Wales, Solicitors are represented by the Law Society of England and Wales, and regulated by the Solicitors Regulation Authority (SRA), and Barristers are represented by the Bar Council. ++ Meanwhile, in Northern Ireland, Solicitors are represented and regulated by the Law Society of Northern Ireland, and Barristers are represented and regulated by the Bar of Northern Ireland which is governed by the Bar Council. ++ In Scotland, Solicitors are regulated and represented by the Law Society of Scotland and Advocates, the equivalent of Barristers, are regulated and represented by the Faculty of Advocates.

FIRMS/ORGANISATIONS The ‘Magic Circle’ firms are the UK’s five largest firms, all based in London, and include: ++ Allen & Overy* ++ Clifford Chance ++ Freshfields Bruckhaus Deringer ++ Linklaters* ++ Slaughter & May The ‘Silver Circle’ firms are the next largest UK firms. These include: ++ Ashurst* ++ Berwin ++ Leighton Paisner ++ Herbert Smith Freehills* ++ SJ Berwin *Australian offices/association There have been numerous mergers between Australian firms and top UK firms over the years. The most notable include: Herbert Smith and Freehills, Linklaters and Allens, Ashurst and Black Dawson, Norton Rose and Deacons.

Most other large Australian law firms either have offices in London (Baker & McKenzie and King & Wood Mallesons), or have partnerships or close relations with UK firms (Clayton Utz).

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The QLTS assessment is divided into two parts: 1. Part 1 is a multiple-choice test (MCT). This is divided into two 3 hour sessions, each consisting of 90 questions, covering 11 areas: English legal system and EU law; constitutional law and judicial review; professional conduct and solicitors’ accounts, regulatory and fiscal issues, contract law, torts, criminal law, land law, equitable rights, human rights, and business structures and legal personality. It is delivered online and can be taken in the UK and in major cities overseas. The exam fee is approximately £565 plus VAT. 2. Part 2 is the objective structured clinical examination (OSCE). You cannot take this unless you have passed the MCT. The OSCE runs across several days, and involves client interview, completing attendance notes, case analysis, advocacy, oral presentation, online legal research, legal writing and drafting. It follows the following practice areas: business law, civil and criminal litigation, property and probate law. It is offered only in the UK, and costs approximately £2,925 plus VAT

OPPORTUNITIES & VISAS

DEADLINES VACATION SCHEME DEADLINES

Students and graduates should contact firms individually and directly about internship opportunities available for Australian students, when trainee contracts are offered, and the requirements of each firm.

Deadline

Firms

3 January

VACATION SCHEMES

Clifford Chance (Summer) Latham & Watkins

4 January

Slaughter and May (Summer) Freshfields Bruckhaus Deringer

7 January

Ashurst LLP (Spring, Summer)

10 January

Jones Day (Summer)

12 January

Skadden (Spring, Summer)

15 January

Baker McKenzie (Summer) Simmons & Simmons (Spring: recruited on a first come first served basis from this date)

19 January

Cleary Gottlieb Steen & Hamilton (Spring, Summer)

31 January

K&L Gates LLP Norton Rose Fulbright (penultimate and final year) White & Case LLP (Spring, Summer)

15 February

Simmons & Simmons (Spring)

30 April

Linklaters

31 July

Ashurst

Due dates: Applications for vacation schemes typically open in September and are due in January or February.

1 October

Simmons & Simmons (Winter: recruited on first come first served basis from this date)

VISAS Some student visas (Tier 4) allow you to work up to 10 to 20 hours per week during term time.

15 October

Simmons & Simmons (Summer: recruited on first come first served basis from this date)

27 October

Jones Day (Winter)

29 October

Norton Rose Fulbright (Winter)

31 October

Allen & Overy (Winter)

5 November

Ashurst LLP (Winter) White & Case LLP (Winter)

30 November

Bakers McKenzie (Spring)

15 December

Jones Day (Spring) Slaughter and May (Easter)

29 December

King & Wood Mallesons

31 December

Allen & Overy (Summer)

UK ‘Vacation schemes’ are the equivalent of the Australian ‘clerkships’.

As with clerkships, most law firms see their vacation schemes as a ‘pipeline’ to recruit trainees, therefore a firm will want to recruit people in its vacation scheme who can and want to be a trainee there too. When applying for vacation schemes, sell yourself, and make your international experience and background shine.

Some firms have internationally focused vacation schemes, including the following (Baker McKenzie, Allen & Overy), or traineeships.

DEADLINES Deadlines for some of the schemes are listed on the right, however you should check the firms website and the following website with a list of deadlines for various UK firms for up-to-date information: http://www.chambersstudent.co.uk/law-firms/vacation-schemes/ vacation-scheme-deadlines

TRAINEESHIPS Traineeships are the UK equivalent of ‘graduate contracts’ and are usually dependent on whether graduates have undertaken any vacation schemes (equivalent to the Australian ‘clerkships’). These are also notoriously challenging to get, particularly for non-EU students as some firms do not offer positions to EU students.

However, some firms have internationally focused traineeships, which may be worth focusing on. These firms include: ++ Pinset Masons ++ Clyde & Co ++ Eversheds Sutherland ++ Freshfields ++ Linklaters

TRAINING CONTRACT DEADLINES

DEADLINES Applications for trainee contracts are typically due in June/July, but some are due as early as January.

Deadline

Firms

4 January

Freshfields Bruckhaus Deringer LLP (2021) Linklaters LLP (2021)

A comprehensive and up-to-date list of upcoming deadlines for training contracts can be found at this site: http://www.chambersstudent. co.uk/law-firms/training-contract-deadlines

7 January

Ashurst LLP (2021)

14 January

Davis Polk & Wardwell London LLP (2021)

15 January

Simmons & Simmons LLP (2021)

VISAS

27 January

PwC (2021)

Many large law firms, especially large international firms in London will offer international trainees visa sponsorship if you do a training contract with them.

30 April

Slaughter and May (Non-law 2020)

28 June

Linklaters LLP (2020)

29 June

Orrick, Herrington & Sutcliffe (UK) LLP (2020)

1 July

Latham & Watkins (2020)

15 July

Norton Rose Fulbright (2020)

17 July

Freshfields Bruckhaus Deringer LLP (2020)

31 July

Ashurst LLP (2020) Baker McKenzie (2020) K&L Gates LLP (2020) Skadden (2020) White & Case LLP (2020)

29 December

Herbert Smith Freehills LLP (2021)

Graduate recruiters have indicated that equal opportunity is given to international students including those who require visa support, as they ‘recruit purely on merit’. However, in practice, only a small proportion of the trainees recruited require visa support. In contrast, small and non-London firms are less likely to offer visa support.

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NEW ZEALAN D Common law English, Maori Parliamentary Constitutional monarchy New Zealand bar exam New Zealand Dollar Wellington

COUNTRY BACKGROUND ECONOMY New Zealand has a diverse economy with the country’s service sector consisting of over 60% of the nation’s GDP activity. Manufacturing and exports of aluminium, paper, wood, and fabricated metal also accounts for a sizeable portion of the country’s economy.

New Zealand’s biggest trading partners are Australia, China, the USA, Japan, and Singapore. The country also has a relationship with island nations in the Pacific region, which in total accounts as the country’s sixth largest trading partner.

PEOPLE, CULTURE, SOCIETY & ECONOMY New Zealand boasts a population of just over 4.68 million people, with the significant proportion of its population living in urbanised areas. Over half of the country’s population lives within one of the four largest cities; Auckland, Christchurch, Wellington and Hamilton.

Additionally, the country’s high fertility rate has resulted in over 20% of the population being under the age of fourteen.

The overwhelming majority of the country’s population identifies as ethnically European, while almost 15% identify as Māori. Around 12% identify as being Asian and just over 7% of people identify as being Pacific Islander. Māori is an officially recognised language.

New Zealand is led by Jacinda Arden who was sworn in as Prime Minister in October 2017, and the head of state, Queen Elizabeth II, represented by the governor-general.

LEGAL SYSTEM

New Zealand operates under a common law system that is largely similar to Australia. Law derives from both legislation and judicial precedents, with judgments from other common law jurisdictions often being quite influential.

New Zealanders are protected by a strong and independent system of justice. In 2015, the World Justice Project ranked it has having the sixth highest quality legal system – higher than Australia, Canada and the UK. Furthermore, in 2014, New Zealand was rated the Best Country for Business (behind Denmark and Hong Kong) due to personal freedom, investor protection, lack of red tape and low corruption.

New Zealand’s highest court is the Supreme Court of New Zealand, and consists of one Chief Justice, and up to five other Justices. Judges must retire from the bench at the age of seventy.

REQUIREMENTS TO PRACTICE Millennials are now the largest age demographic within the practicing profession. A significant portion of the country’s law firms are located in Auckland, with the city hosting almost half of the country’s active legal offices. Areas such as property and conveyancing are in high demand, with the two areas comprising of a high portion of the industry’s revenue.

BEFORE QUALIFIED IN AUSTRALIA Once you have graduated from an Australia Law School (including Melbourne Law School), you are automatically eligible to complete the Professional Legal Studies Course (equivalent to the Australian PLT) at an Institute of Professional Legal Studies or College of Law. The next steps to being a fully qualified New Zealand lawyer are mainly applying to the: ++ High Court of New Zealand for admission to the roll of barristers and solicitors of the High Court of New Zealand ++ Law Society of New Zealand for a practicing certificate.

ALREADY QUALIFIED IN AUSTRALIA If you are already admitted to practice in any Australian jurisdiction, you can apply to have a licence to practice in New Zealand, without re-training, by following a two-step process in s 14 New Zealand’s Trans-Tasman Mutual Recognition Act (TTMRA) 1997.

Step 1) You must get admitted as a barrister and solicitor in the High Court of New Zealand. This requires submitting your application for admission a High Court registry in New Zealand, with the following: ++ Notice in duplicate to the Registrar under s 19 of TTMRA; ++ Statutory declaration in terms of s 19 (3)(c) of the TTMRA; ++ Affidavit in support of notice; ++ Originating application for admission Form LA4; ++ Application fee of NZ$170; and ++ Order for admission Form LA5 Step 2): Apply to the New Zealand Law Society for a practicing certificate for an occupation ‘equivalent’ to that which you practiced in Australia, e.g. solicitor (see Schedule 3 of the TTMRA Regulations 2008). Your application to the Law Society must include: ++ Completed application for a practicing certificate; ++ Certified copy of your order for admission in New Zealand (above); ++ Certified copy of current Australian practicing certificate; ++ Original certificate of standing (under 3 months old) from the regulator (typically a law society or bar association) in the jurisdiction in which you are admitted; and ++ The relevant practicing fees (see the Law Society Registry for specifics).

After your application for a practicing certificate has been accepted by the Law Society and you have made the relevant payments, you are deemed to be registered and entitled to practice the ‘equivalent occupation’.

FIRMS/ORGANISATIONS Local ++ Bell Gully ++ Chapman Tripp ++ Russell McVeagh ++ Simpson Grierson ++ Buddle Findlay, ++ Rudd Watts International: ++ DLA Piper ++ Minter Ellison For more information see: ++ New Zealand Law Society: https://www.lawsociety.org.nz/ for-lawyers/joining-the-legal-profession/guidelines-foradmission-under-the-ttmra; ++ https://www.lawsociety.org.nz/for-lawyers/joining-thelegal-profession/admission

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S PAIN Civil law Spanish Constitutional/Parliamentary Monarchy with a King and President Spanish bar exam Euro Madrid

COUNTRY BACKGROUND PEOPLE, CULTURE, SOCIETY & ECONOMY The coastal country of Spain is exceptionally diverse culturally and geographically, with stone castles, snow-capped mountains, sophisticated cities, Catalonian mountains, as well as flamenco and tapas!

Whilst over 90% of the country is Roman Catholic, there are many, varied cultures and languages based on region, including Castalian Spanish, Catalan, Galician and Basque.

LEGAL SYSTEM In Spain, lawyers are referred to as ‘abogado’, and are regulated by the national bar association (Consejo General de la Abogacía Española (CGAE)) and the relevant local bar association (Colegios de Abogados).

Spain is a ‘parliamentary monarch’ with a King and President of the Government and follows the civil law system based on extensive laws codified in statute, customary laws rooted in Roman law and general legal principles. Although civil law is applied throughout Spain, there are autonomous communities with their own legal system applicable in relation to certain legal issues.

Unlike in Australia, the Spanish constitution protects human rights under the five-chapter section on ‘Fundamental rights and duties’.

The court system is adversarial, and divided by territory and jurisdiction (civil, criminal, administrative, labour/social, military).

Special courts also exist for various subject matters including violence against women, commercial courts, criminal sentencing, and juveniles.

Under the CE, certain courts (including the Constitutional court, jury courts, and Military court) are fully subject to the rule of law and enjoy full independence and impartiality.

As a European Union member, Spain is also subject to the relevant international conventions to which it is a signatory, and thus subject to the jurisdiction of the relevant supranational courts, including the European Court of Human Rights, the Court of Justice of the European Union and the International Criminal Court.

REQUALIFYING AS A SPANISH LAWYER In Spain, foreign lawyers from countries like Australia that are not European Union (EU) or European Economic Area( EEA) who want to be admitted to practice local Spanish law must fulfil three requirements: 1. Have your foreign legal qualification recognised as equivalent to that in Spain. This takes approximately six months and may require training (e.g. aptitude test, further study). You must submit the following documentation to the Ministry of Education: »» a) Authenticated copy of document certifying your identity and nationality »» b) Original certification of your foreign legal qualification sought to be validated and original certification of legal studies. »» c) Certification of payment of required feeds 2. Obtain legal exemption from requirement of Spanish citizenship. This can take up to three months. Family members of EU and EEA citizens accompanying you are exempt from fulfilling this step. You must write a letter to the Ministry of Justice and submit certified photocopies of the following: Application for legal citizenship exception; passport; Spanish residence permit; validation certificate for your legal degree.

3. Register with the Bar Association as a practicing or nonpracticing, lawyer (whether resident or non-resident). Once registered, non-EEA lawyers can be referred to by the Spanish professional title of ‘abogado’ and are bound by the standards and regulations governing Spanish lawyers. To register you must submit original copies of: »» a) Certificate of having no criminal record in your country of origin, and certificate that you have no criminal record in Spain »» b) Certificate of professional conduct, issued by the body overseeing bar associations in your country of origin 4. Once these are complete, you are considered a lawyer for all purposes and rank equally with lawyers practicing under Spanish qualifications, without any restrictions.

FIRMS/ORGANISATIONS Local

REQUIREMENTS TO PRACTICE FLY-IN/FLY-OUT PRACTICE Foreign lawyers can also practice the law of their home jurisdiction and international law in Spain without undergoing the above process.

Non-EEA nationals (including Australians) can apply for a visa to conduct business for a single 90-day visit, or for multiple visits over 180 days as long as no visit is longer than 90 days.

++ ++ ++ ++

Pinera del Olmo Canals Law Firm Giambrone Law Damiani & Damiani ACC Legal Lawyers (English speaking)

International: ++ Herbert Smith Freehills ++ Freshfields Bruckhaus Deringer ++ Allen & Overy ++ Ashurst ++ Baker & McKenzie ++ Davis Polk & Wardwell ++ Latham & Watkins ++ White & Case For more information see: ++ CGAE’s Practice of Profession of Lawyers in Spain by Foreigners ++ Spanish Ministry of Justice ++ General Council of the Spanish Bar ++ General Council of Court Officers Association ++ Law Council of Australia

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SW IT ZERLAN D Civil law English, German, French, Italian Federal Direct Democracy under Multi-party Parliamentary Republic Swiss bar exam Swiss Francs (CHF) Bern

COUNTRY BACKGROUND PEOPLE, CULTURE, SOCIETY & ECONOMY The small, landlocked and mountainous Switzerland, known for its cheese, chocolate, extensive rail network and famous snow slopes, is culturally and linguistically diverse. There are four official languages (German, French, Italian, and Romansh), and English is widely spoken.

Many factors make Switzerland an attractive location to live and do business.

Switzerland is one of the wealthiest countries, and has one of the highest standards of living in the world. It is ranked highly in its civil liberties, quality of life, low unemployment rate, government transparency, competitive and stable economy, business-friendly legal environment, efficient and reliable judicial systems, human developments.

Switzerland is an attractive hub for conducting international business, as indicated by the numerous international corporations in a diverse range of industries. These include major financial institutions such as Credit Suisse, Swiss Re and Zurich Financial Services, food and pharmaceutical firms like Nestle, Novartis and Roche, and mechanical and electrical engineering companies specialising in hightechnology knowledge-based production. It is not surprising then that Switzerland’s economic freedom is the top-ranked in Europe (fourth globally), due particularly due to its openness to global trade and investment.

Switzerland has a recognised historical status as a neutral state, and therefore it cannot participate in armed conflict (unless attacked) and avoids allegiance that might entail military, political or direct economic action. By virtue of this neutrality, Switzerland maintains diplomatic relations with most countries, serves as an intermediary and is frequently involved in peace-keeping processes around the world.

Although Switzerland only joined the UN in 2002, it houses the Palace of Nations in Geneva—the second largest United Nations (UN) office, is the birthplace of the Red Cross and the Geneva Conventions, hosts the United Nations Human Rights Council and meetings of the World Economic Forum, and is home to numerous (over 200) international institutions including: the World Health Organisation (WHO), the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), and the World Trade Organisation (WTO).

LEGAL SYSTEM GOVERNANCE The Swiss have a unique governance system. In addition to its unparalled system of direct democracy that provides the Swiss people with a direct say over their own affairs, Switzerland operates as a Federal republic with a collective head of state (the seven-member Federal Council), which also doubles as the country’s cabinet. Making up the federal republic are 26 cantons each bearing equal status under the Federal Constitution, their own constitution, parliament, government and courts, and a high degree of independence. However, the cantons vary considerably in terms of population, geography and language.

Switzerland follows a civil law legal system based on statute.

Swiss laws are hierarchically ordered: Federal law has priority over cantonal constitutions and law; Constitution prevails over statutes; legislative statutes are prioritised over regulations promulgated by the government or administrative authorities.

LEGAL MARKET Due to the multi-lingual nature of Switzerland, Swiss lawyers are referred to by a variety of titles to as ‘advokat’, ‘rechtsanwalt’, ‘anwalt’, ‘Fürsprecher’, ‘Fürsprech’, ‘avocat’, ‘avvocato’.

Renowned for its world-class banking, long-standing reputation of neutrality and ability to attract vast international investment and business, Switzerland is home to one of the most competitive legal markets in the world, predominantly operating in the two main financial business centres, Zurich and Geneva.

Despite the diversity of the Swiss market, it is relatively small compared to that in neighbouring France and Germany, and although numerous foreign firms have offices in Switzerland, national firms traditionally dominate the legal market.

Over the past few years, there has been an expansion in dispute resolution practices and arbitration as corporate and M&A work has slowed down.

Although Switzerland is neither a European Union (EU) or European Economic Area (EEA) member, Swiss law adjusts to conform with EU laws, through bilateral relationships with the EU, including membership to the European Free Trade Association (EFTA). This allows Switzerland to operate in a similar manner whilst retaining its independence.

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REQUIREMENTS TO PRACTICE In Switzerland (and Liechtenstein), nobody can practice as a lawyer without a proper licence.

Generally speaking, foreign lawyers from non-EU and non-EEA third countries (like Australia) are not granted such a licence and are not admitted to the Bar. However, they are free to provide legal advice as a ‘legal consultant’, as this requires no licence. In some cantons (e.g.

Geneva and Zurich) they can event register with local bar associations as foreign lawyers.

Furthermore, before acting in court, third country lawyers must obtain specific authorisation from the cantonal supervisory authority, and be assisted by a lawyer registered in that canton On the other hand, there is an exception for qualified lawyers from the EU and EEA. Under a special agreement between the Swiss Federation and the European Union, EU and EEA qualified lawyers can freely move in Switzerland. This includes the ability to freely do the following: ++ Provide services on a temporary basis (FIFO service) ++ Practice as a solicitor permanently ++ Give advice on the host state law (Switzerland), as well as English, EU and international laws ++ Appear in Swiss national (and European) courts, just like local lawyers ++ Requalify after a one-year apprenticeship and passing the Swiss bar exam; or without an equivalent examination after for three years of practicing the host Swiss state law ++ Establish a legal branch using the firms original title or set up a new entity.

Although membership with the federal bar (Swiss Bar Federation (SAV)) or local bar associations is encouraged, it is not mandatory.

OTHER REQUIREMENTS VISAS AND WORK PERMITS To enter Switzerland, you must have a valid travel documentation that is recognised by Switzerland.

Young professionals (trainees) If you are a student or recent gradaute under 30 years old, and wish to work in Switzerland in the field you studied (law), you will typically qualify as a ‘young professional’. For young professionals, Switzerland has an arrangement for indidvidualscan be granted work permits for a maximum of 18 months if you are a citizen of one of the following countries: Argentina, Australia, Canada, Chile, Japan, Monaco, New Zealand, Philippines, Russia, South Africa, Tunisia, Ukraine, USA For more information and the application form please see the Federal Office for Migration (FOM): https://www.sem.admin.ch/sem/en/ home/themen/arbeit/berufspraktikum.html

HEALTH INSURANCE Health Insurance is compulsory under Swiss law. However, interns can use international insurance if it covers at least the same benefits as the Swiss mandatory base insurance.

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FIRMS/ORGANISATIONS International law firms ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++

White & Case Baker & McKenzie Dentons King & Spalding Nishith Desai Associates Sidley Austin Orrick Herrington & Sutcliffe Quinn Emanuel Urquhart & Sullivan

International institutions: ++ Red Cross ++ World Health Organisation (WHO), ++ International Labour Organisation (ILO), ++ United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), ++ United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (UNHCHR), ++ World Trade Organisation (WTO), ++ Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS, ++ United Nations Office (Geneva), ++ World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), ++ International Commission of Jurists (ICJ)

JURISDICTION

ITALY Civil law Italian Democratic Parliamentary Republic with Multi-party system Italian bar exam Euro Rome

COUNTRY BACKGROUND As a member of the European Union (EU), Italy is party to many of the EU’s numerous bilateral agreements and offers special treatment to individuals and businesses from other European Economic Area (EEA) states.

Italy follows a complicated civil law system. Most lawyers (‘avvocato’) and Judges (‘Giudici’) must deal with the thousands of conflicting laws, many of which date back centuries and are further complicated

by EU directives.

REQUIREMENTS TO PRACTICE REQUALIFYING AS AN ITALIAN LAWYER To practice Italian law, foreign lawyers qualified in Non-European Union (EU) and non-European Economic Area (EEA) countries (like Australia) must undertake the full national process of qualification in Italy.

For lawyers with professional qualifications from non-EU or EEA countries, they must register with and be admitted to the Italian National Bar Council (Consiglio Nazionale Forense (CNF)). This is done by sitting the full bar exam, which may be reduced if you have passed exams in Italian universities or practiced in the legal profession in Italy for a significant period (approximately three years).

FIRMS/ORGANISATIONS International firms ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++

Allen & Overy (Milan, Rome) Ashurst (Milan) Baker & McKenzie (Milan, Rome) Bird &Bird (Milan, Rome) Clifford Chance (Milan, Rome) DLA Piper (Milan, Rome) Freshfields Bruckhaus Deringer (Milan, Rome) Jones Day (Milan) K&L Gates (Milan) Latham & Watkins (Milan) Linklaters (Milan, Rome) Norton Rose Fulbright (Milan, Rome) Orrick, Herrington & Sutcliffe (Milan, Rome) Simmons & Simmons (Milan, Rome) White & Case (Milan)

Italian organisations ++ International Organization for Migration (IOM) ++ World Food Program (WFP) ++ Food and Agricultural Organisation (FAO) ++ International Fund for Agriculture and Development (IFAD) ++ International Centre for Science and High Technology ++ United Nations Interregional Crime and Justice Research Institute ++ United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) ++ Save the Children ++ International Development Law Organization (IDLO)

WITHOUT REQUALIFYING As non-EEA lawyers, Australian lawyers who do not undergo the above process for admission in Italy, cannot practice the local Italian law or appear in court. They can however participate in arbitrations, and practice public international law or the law of their home jurisdiction (Australian law) in two ways: ++ On a fly-in/fly-out basis - if they apply to the Ministry of Justice, and for a business visa for either a 90-day visit, or multiple visits over 180 days. ++ As a Foreign Legal Consultant.

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FRAN CE Civil law French French Republic with a Prime Minister French bar exam Euro Paris

COUNTRY BACKGROUND In France they have a civil law legal system, and their laws are generally codified in Statute as part of the ‘Napoleonic Code’. This ‘code’, which was laid down by Napoleon and is regularly updated, governs all branches of French law, including the civil, fiscal and penal codes.

There are two judicial systems in France: judiciary and administrative.

The judiciary handles civil and criminal cases while the administrative system deals with disputes between government and individuals.

Despite these differences, the French legal system has a number of similarities to Australia: judges also have the duty to interpret the law; decisions of the higher courts have some influence on the inferior courts (however, unlike in Australia, this is non-binding).

As a member state to the European Union (EU), France is subject to EU legislation.

FOREIGN LAWYERS FROM NON -EUROPEAN JURISDICTIONS Foreign lawyers from Non-EU jurisdictions are exempt if they meet certain education and professional practice requirements, but must take an exam assessing their knowledge of French law. To sit this exam, you must apply to the President of the Conseil National des Barreaux, which involves a registration fee of approximately €900.

This examination is held in March/April at École de formation des barreaux, and in November at the Haute école des avocats conseils (‘HEDAC’). The exam includes: ++ Two three-hour long written tests on pleading in civil matters a legal consultation, ++ Two oral tests: a 20-minute report on randomly drawn subject on civil, crimina/ administrative procedures, and a 15-minute interview on regulations and ethics.

Upon request the CNDB may consider further exempt non-European nationals from taking such test on the basis of the applicants university studies (e.g. dissertations, these), or published articles or books.

FLY-IN/FLY-OUT PRACTICE

REQUIREMENTS TO PRACTICE REQUALIFY AS A FRENCH LAWYER To practice as a local lawyer in France you must be a member of one of the 181 ‘barreaux’ (local bar associations), who conduct the regulation and representation of the legal profession.

The overarching body for all national French bars is the Conseil National des Barreaux (National Council of Bars), which is responsible for representing ‘avocats’ (lawyers) in France and abroad; professional training; and maintaining harmony of the rules and regulations for the profession.

Foreign lawyers may be exempt from the practical training and Certificate of Aptitude for the Legal Profession (CAPA) examination that French law students must pass to be a qualified French lawyer, and the requirements to be a member of a ‘barreaux’ are different for foreign lawyers depending on whether they are European or NonEuropean nationals.

FOREIGN LAWYERS FROM EUROPEAN JURISDICTIONS Foreign lawyers from European jurisdictions are exempt if they meet certain conditions regarding education and professional practice if they can prove: ++ That they meet all the requirements to be a fully qualified lawyer in their home jurisdiction; and ++ If required, that they have completed a legal internship, beside university studies and professional qualification or competency examinations.

They may still be required to take aptitude tests (maximum of four), as determined by the Conseil national des barreaux (National Bar Council).

In France, temporary fly-in/fly-out practice is only permitted for lawyers of countries that have bilateral conventions with France permitting this form of practice. Currently, Australia does not have such an agreement, and therefore lawyers qualified in Australia cannot practice in France on a fly-in/fly-out basis.

FOREIGN LEGAL CONSULTANT There are no express rules in France governing foreign legal consultants. Foreign lawyers from non-European countries can provide legal advice regarding international law and the law of their home jurisdiction and can participate in arbitration and mediation.

However, they cannot appear in court. European nationals fully qualified in their own countries are permitted to practice as consultants in France under their original titles and represent their clients in court (under Directive 98/5/CE). After three years of regular practice in France, they can then apply to be a French ‘avocat’ and be registered in a French bar association.

Non-European Economic Area (‘EEA’) nationals may be eligible to get a visa conduct business for a single visit of 90 consecutive days, or for multiple visits over 180 days with no single visit exceeding 90 days.

FIRMS/ORGANISATIONS International law firms: ++ Allen & Overy ++ Baker McKenzie ++ Clifford Chance ++ Davis Polk & Wardwell ++ Freshfields Bruckhaus Deringer ++ Latham & Watkins ++ Linklaters ++ Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom & Affiliates ++ White & Case International organisations: ++ United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organizations (UNESCO) ++ World Health Organization (WHO)

FOR MORE INFORMATION

++ Conseil National des Barreaux (National Council of Bars) ++ French-Australian Law Society

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Civil law French, Dutch, English Federal Representative Democratic, Constitutional Monarchy Bar exam Euro Brussels

COUNTRY BACKGROUND Belgium is a federal state that follows a civil law legal system. Belgium enjoys a key position in the European and international economy, which allows it to make the most of its open, trade-driven economy.

Belgium is strongly integrated with the globalised world, with its central European location, and the capital city of Brussels serving as the headquarters of NATO, the European Union, and numerous headquarters of multinationals and major global players. Not only are more international organisations in Brussels than Washington DC, but there are over 120 international government organisations, 180 embassies, 5000 diplomats, and 1000 lobby groups.

Belgium offers one of the highest ‘quality of life’ standards in Europe according to the International Living Index, with long-standing cultural traditions and events, affordable real-estate prices, and highly competitive tax regime.

The Belgian legal profession is regulated by two federal bars and the relevant local bar association for the district.

REQUIREMENTS TO PRACTICE In Belgium, prospective lawyers (‘avocat’ in French, ‘advocaat’ in Flemish, or ‘rechtsanwalt’ in German), must meet the following requirements: ++ Have a masters or PhD in Law ++ Take a pledge in a court of appeal ++ Undergo a three-year apprenticeship. During this time, one is equivalent to a licensed lawyer and can issue legal opinions and directly represent clients in court (except for the Supreme Court). ++ Take the CAPA course of study (‘Certificat d’aptitude a la profession d’advocat’) ++ Pass the final Belgium bar exam Foreign lawyers who have a legal degree and qualifications from an EU member state and are citizens of that state may be considered as having a law degree fully equivalent to a Belgian law degree and can normally request to be registered at the Brussels Bar on the ‘EU list’.

Foreign lawyers who have a legal degree and qualification from nonEU member state and are a citizen of that state, are not so lucky. Their law degree is not fully recognised as fully equivalent to a Belgian law degree. However, they can advise on international law and the law of their home jurisdiction in Belgium on a permanent basis, and request registration to the Brussels Bar on the ‘B-list’. For non-EU candidates to register on the ‘B-list’ they must: ++ send proof of insurance, ++ complete a questionnaire regarding registration on the EU or B-list and send this to the Secretariat of the NOAB with a certificate of good standing issued by the bar association of your home country.

FIRMS/ORGANISATIONS International law firms: ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++

Allen & Overy Ashurst Baker & McKenzie Dentons Freshfields Bruckhaus Deringer K&L Gates Latham & Watkins Simmons & Simmons Slaughter and May White & Case

International Organisations ++ North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) ++ World Customs Organization (WCO) ++ Council of Europe – Belgian Liaison Bureau ++ International Organization for Migration (IOM) ++ United Nations – Regional Information Centre for Western Europe ++ United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) – Belgian National Commission ++ United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) – Regional Delegation for the Benelux Countries and the European Institutions ++ World Health Organisation (WHO) – Bureau for the European Union Office ++ International Labour Organization (ILO) – Offices for the European Union and Benelex countries ++ United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) – Belgian Committee ++ United Nations Development Program (UNDP) ++ World Bank – Office for Benelux and European Union

FOR MORE INFORMATION For more information see : ++ Vademecum for European and non-European lawyers on the establishment in Belgium: http://www.baliebrussel.be/fr/ foreign-lawyers/how-register-the-dutch-brussels-bar ++ Belgium Bar Association (‘Balie Brussel’): http://www. baliebrussel.be/fr/foreign-lawyers/how-register-the-dutchbrussels-bar

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JURISDICTION

BELGIUM

GERMAN Y Civil law German Federal Republic German bar exam Euro Berlin

COUNTRY BACKGROUND In Germany, they follow a parliamentary system of governance at both federal and state level, and the Federal Republic of Germany has a federal constitution known as ‘Grudgesetz’ which takes precedent over the constitutions of the individual federal states and provides a codified protection of fundamental human rights.

The German legal system is based on the Romano-Germanic civil law system. Germany is subject to international treaties transferred into national laws by the legislative authorities, and EU regulations even without being so transferred. Although there is some continuing influence of customary law, this is fading.

As a member state of the European Union (EU), Germany is subject to EU legislation.

REQUIREMENTS TO PRACTICE In Germany, lawyers are known as ‘Rechtsänwalt’, and are subject to the Lawyers Professional Code of Conduct (‘Berufsordnung der Rechtsanwälte’). To be admitted to practice as a German Lawyer, you are required to be a member of one of the 28 bar associations bar associations (Rechtsanwaltskammern).

REQUALIFYING AS A GERMAN LAWYER To practice German law, lawyers qualified in non-European Union or Non-European Area (EEA) countries (like Australia) must undertake the full national process of qualification in Germany. Since Germany is a federal state, the path of becoming a lawyer differs between states.

Typically, the steps to qualify as a lawyer in Germany are as follows: 1. Obtain a legal degree from a German university 2. Undergo clerkship with several stages in order to obtain the necessary practical skills to pass a set of written and oral exams 3. Pass the German Bar Exam (Zweites Staatsexamen). This qualifies candidates for becoming a lawyer and becoming a judge.

4. Register as a member of a bar association (‘Rechtsanwaltskammer’)

FLY-IN/FLY-OUT PRACTICE Non-EU lawyers cannot provide temporary services on a fly-in/flyout basis in Germany.

FIRMS/ORGANISATIONS International law firms: ++ Allen & Overy ++ Ashurst ++ Baker McKenzie ++ Clifford Chance ++ Dentons ++ DLA Piper ++ Freshfields Bruckhaus Deringer ++ Jones Day ++ Latham & Watkins ++ Linklaters ++ Norton Rose Fulbright ++ Shearman & Sterling ++ Simmons & Simmons ++ Skadden ++ Sullivan & Cromwell ++ White & Case International organisations: ++ International Labour Organization ++ United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees – Regional Representation for Austria, the Czech Republic and Germany (UNHCR) ++ World Food Programme (WFP) – Liaison Office; Innovation Accelerator ++ World Bank Liaison Office ++ International Finance Corporation (IFC) (The World Bank Group) ++ International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea (ITLOS) ++ UNESCO – Institute for Lifelong Learning (UIL)

FOREIGN LEGAL CONSULTANTS Australian Barristers, Solicitors or Legal Practitioners are approved as equivalent to the Germans legal profession, and therefore entitled to the right of establishment in Germany to give advice in international law and the law of their home country (by virtue of section 206 of the Legal Profession Act (‘undesrechtsanwaltsordnung – BRAO’).

To do so, they must be granted a licence to do so from the local German Bar Association. This is only available to lawyers that are qualified in countries that are signatories to the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) (like Australia). Membership to a local bar association requires that your education and qualification in a foreign country is comparable to what a German lawyer would receive.

Australian solicitors, barristers and legal practitioners admitted into practice have been approved by the Federal Ministry of Justice as meeting this requirement.

Foreign, non-EU lawyers are able to establish sole practices or partnerships, but they must obtain authority to do some from the local Bar Association, and the scope of practice for such commercial associations is limited to practicing international law and relevant foreign law.

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FOR MORE INFORMATION ++ ++ ++ ++

German Federal Bar Association (BRAK) German Bar Association (Deutscher Anwaitverein) (DAV) International Bar Association Law Council of Australia

JURISDICTION

NETHERLAN DS Civil law French, Dutch, English Constitutional Monarchy Euro Amsterdam

COUNTRY BACKGROUND

REQUIREMENTS TO PRACTICE

Although a geographically small and densely populated country, The Netherlands reputation belies its size. It is home to Amsterdam—the largest port in Europe and a key expanding commercial and economic centre, and The Hague—the administrative centre, home to the government, major regulatory bodies, Supreme Court and a plethora of International Courts and institutions.

In The Netherlands, the legal profession is self-regulated. To practice, lawyers (advocaten) must satisfy the following requirements, according to the Advocates Act which governs the legal profession: ++ have undergone a three-year legal degree, theoretical and practical training, ++ be admitted to the Netherlands Bar Association (‘Nederlandse Orde van Advocaten’), and ++ register with one of the local bar associations in one of the 19 districts. Both the national and local Bar associations are public-law professional bodies that oversee the quality of services by advocates.

Although salaries in The Netherlands are typically lower than for equivalent roles in London, the cost of living is comparatively low.

Therefore, lawyers can typically expect a correspondingly higher quality of life. Furthermore, whilst rental housing can be not dissimilar to London rates, there is generous tax relief for mortgages and a special dispensation for non-resident taxpayers to have 30% of wages tax-free.

EU/EER nationals can enter The Netherlands using their passport.

However, all other non-EU/EEA nationals must apply to a Dutch embassy or consulate in their country for a visa (‘machtiging tot voorlogpig verblijf’ (MVV)) before entering The Netherlands, or risk being refused entry. There is an accelerated procedure for those who qualify as highly skilled migrants.

To be considered fully qualified, they must then complete three years of supervision by an experienced advocate in a law firm, and undergo 20 hours per year of Continued Professional Development studies.

European Union (EU)-qualified lawyers practicing under their home EU-country professional qualification can pursue the same activities as lawyers practicing under the Dutch equivalent and may give advice on the law of their home state, Community law, international law, and notably also Dutch law, after successfully completing an aptitude test.

There is a plethora of things to do in The Netherlands, including world-renown museums, galleries and zoos, as well as an abundance of cafes along the idyllic canals where you can watch the boats and cyclists go by.

Lawyers qualified in non-European Union (EU) or European Economic Area (EEA) countries (like Australia), wishing to practice law in The Netherlands, must obtain a law degree (e.g. LLM) from a Dutch university. Otherwise they are limited to providing advice on the law of their home state and international law.

LEGAL SYSTEM & MARKET

FIRMS/ORGANISATIONS

The Netherlands operates under a civil law system, distinguished from most jurisdictions by the notably stronger relationship between international and domestic law in The Netherlands.

The Netherlands has a strong reputation for the quality and fairness of its legal system, continuously ranking amongst the top ten countries in the Rule of Law Index published by the World Justice Project.

This ranking is based on factors such as fundamental rights, open government and absence of corruption.

There are numerous protected and regulated legal and quasi-legal professions in the Netherlands. One could be a lawyer (‘advocaat’), notary (‘notaris’), legal advisor, patent lawyer, or join the civil service to become a government worker, judge or public prosecutor.

The Netherlands hosts the most influential international law courts, including the International Criminal Court (ICC), the International Court of Justice (ICJ) and the Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA).

For information on undertaking internships at these courts, see the relevant sections of this Guidebook and their respective websites.

Whilst a few UK Magic Circle and top-tier firms sit amongst preeminent local law firms, the commercial legal market is relatively small.

The lion’s share of international recruitment is by large UK players, and local firms often restrict their search to local (Dutch qualified) candidates.

International law firms: ++ Allen & Overy ++ Baker & McKenzie ++ Bird & Bird ++ Blenheim (offers trainee program to foreign law students and legal professionals) ++ Clifford chance ++ DLA Piper Nederland ++ Freshfields Bruckhaus Deringer ++ Jones Day ++ Linklaters ++ Norton Rose Fulbright ++ Simmons & Simmons International Organisations ++ International Court of Justice (ICJ) ++ International Criminal Court (ICC) ++ Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons

FOR MORE INFORMATION ++ ++ ++ ++

German Federal Bar Association (BRAK) German Bar Association (Deutscher Anwaitverein) (DAV) International Bar Association Law Council of Australia

Global Legal Careers Guidebook 23

JAPAN Civil law Japanese Parliamentary Constitutional Monarchy Japanese bar exam Japanese Yen Tokyo

COUNTRY BACKGROUND ECONOMY Japan is the third largest economy in the world by nominal GDP and has a strong presence in the electronics, technology and automobile manufacturing sectors. With a long history of deflation, Prime Minister Abe’s ‘Three Arrows’ economic agenda consisting of monetary easing, fiscal stimulus and structural reform has assisted in minimising deflation. However, tax hikes have mitigated the effects of this agenda. Additionally, Japan’s stagnating birth-rate and ageing population pose concerns for the sustainability of the country’s longterm economic performance.

LEGAL SYSTEM Japan has a civil law legal system that is dictated by the Constitution of Japan. While judicial precedent is non-binding and only acts as a guide on how laws should be interpreted, judges nonetheless accord serious consideration to past laws. Additionally, due to the trend of business lawyers completing their postgraduate legal studies overseas, legislation in the areas of commercial and taxation law are particularly influenced by common law. In addition to the Constitution, Japan has five major codes – civil, civil procedure, criminal, criminal procedure and commercial.

PEOPLE, CULTURE & SOCIETY Japan’s major ethnic group is Japanese, with Koreans, Chinese and other ethnicities in the minority. The population of Japan is also the fasting aging population in the world. It has been estimated that over 40% of the population will be over 65 years old by 2060.

REQUIREMENTS TO PRACTICE To become qualified as an attorney in Japan, a person must have completed a post-graduate law degree. They then must successfully pass the national bar examination, which consists of two stages – a short answer examination that takes place over the course of one day, and an essay examination which takes place over the course of three days. Once a person passes this stage, they must then complete a one-year traineeship at the Legal Training and Research Institute of the Supreme Court. It is also necessary to become a member of the bar association for the prefecture in which the law office is located.

Japanese citizenship is not required to qualify as an attorney. However, the scope of work for foreign attorneys is restricted to giving advice on the law of the foreign attorney’s home jurisdiction and the foreign attorney cannot draft documents and representing Japanese clients without the assistance of a Japanese attorney.

24 Global Legal Careers Guidebook

FIRMS/ORGANISATIONS International law firms: ++ Baker McKenzie ++ Morrison & Foerster ++ Binghman McCutchen ++ White & Case ++ Jones Day ++ Clifford Chance Major ++ ++ ++ ++ ++

local firms Anderson Mōri & Tomotsune Mori Hamada & Matsumoto Nagashima Ohno & Tsunematsu Nishimura & Asahi TMI Associates

JURISDICTION

CHIN A Civil law Mandarin Communist state PRC exam Chinese Yuan/Renminbi Beijing

COUNTRY BACKGROUND

PRACTICING IN CHINA

China’s economy has experienced significant growth and expansion in the late 20th and early 21st century. In 2010, the PRC became the world’s largest exporter and has maintained this status at the time of writing (December 2017). The PRC is the world’s second largest economy on the basis of nominal GDP and was the fastest-growing major economy until 2015. Despite this, the PRC’s large population is still a significant issue for the country’s economy, particularly due to the relatively small number of young people as a result of the nowphased-out one child policy.

Foreign lawyers cannot lawfully become licenced Chinese lawyers or practice PRC law. Only PRC nationals (or Hong Kong permanent residents who do not hold a foreign passport) can obtain PRC practicing certificates and be Chinese lawyers. This means foreign lawyers cannot issue formal legal opinions or appear in court for clients.

ECONOMY

At the time of publication, PRC is now in its third-year of the government’s thirteenth Five Year Plan. This plan focuses on innovation, bridging social gaps between rural and industrial areas, and developing the environmental technology industry.

LEGAL SYSTEM China’s legal system is based on the civil law systems of the Soviet Union and continental European, particularly Germany. The Supreme People’s Court is the highest court in the Chinese legal system. The Supreme People’s Court comprises of four sub-courts that conduct criminal, civil, economic and administrative trials. The PRC’s Supreme People’s Court also has the capacity to establish sub-courts according to needs. The court consists of over 340 judges, with one Chief Justice and fourteen Grand Justices.

PEOPLE CULTURE & SOCIETY The PRC boasts the largest population of any country in the world, with approximately 1.411 billion people as of September 2017.

Over 91% of the country’s population is Han Chinese, with Zhuang, Tibetan, Manchu and Hui ethnic groups (among others) forming a significant minority. The eastern and coastal provinces of China are highly populated, with the western interior provinces being far less so.

Some of China’s most populous cities include Guangzhou, Shanghai, Chongqing and Beijing.

However, foreigner lawyers are highly valued in international firms in mainland China, particularly lawyers: ++ From the US, UK and Australia; and ++ With high-level written and oral Chinese language skills.

Whilst they cannot be certified Chinese lawyers, people with foreign legal qualifications may register as ‘Foreign Representative Attorneys’.

To become a Foreign Representative Attorney, you must have at least 2 years work experience in another jurisdiction (e.g. Australia or Hong Kong) before you work in China.

Foreign lawyers working in China must register annually, and this can be a lengthy and bureaucratic process.

MAJOR FIRMS/ ORGANISATIONS Major local firms ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ Major ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++

Yingke Dentons DeHeng Law Offices AllBright Zhong Lun International firms King & Wood Mallesons Baker McKenzie Hogan Lovells DLA Piper Clifford Chance White & Case

LEGAL MARKET The PRC’s strong economic performance has continued to attract major law firms and organisations to the country, with the high number of mergers and acquisitions drawing many law firms to the country.

Additionally, the country’s energy and technology sector has created significant and engaging work for lawyers, China’s comprehensive local and foreign intellectual property protection framework.

Many foreign law firms maintain representative offices in PRC, and are permitted to provide the services permitted by the State Council.

This includes: ++ Advising clients on the law of the firms jurisdiction and on international conventions and practices, ++ Advising clients on the implications of the Chinese legal environment, ++ Forming long-term co-operation agreements with Chinese law firms.

Chinese clients tend to be more demanding and hands-on, particularly when you are dealing with state-owned enterprises (SOES) which entail further bureaucratic barriers due to the Chinese president Xi Jingping’s anti-corruption drive aimed at cracking down on government officials who accept bribes.

FOR MORE INFORMATION ++ https://www.lawgazette.co.uk/practice/how-to-work-inchina/5048883.article ++ For the role of foreign lawyers in CIETAC Arbitration Proceedings see: https://www.chinabusinessreview. com/the-role-of-foreign-lawyers-in-cietac-arbitrationproceedings/

Global Legal Careers Guidebook 25

HON G KON G Common law English, Cantonese Unicameral elected President Overseas lawyer qualification exam Hong Kong Dollar

COUNTRY BACKGROUND

GETTING ADMITTED AS A HONG KONG LAWYER

ECONOMY

For admission to practice as an overseas lawyer in Hong Kong: 1. Complete the Overseas Lawyers Qualification Exam (OLQE). To be eligible to take the OLQE you must: »» have studied in a common law jurisdiction outside Hong Kong (like Australia) »» have at least 2 years of post-admission experience in your home jurisdiction »» be in good standing in your home jurisdiction; »» meet residential requirements for Hong Kong »» NB. Preparatory courses for the Exam are available (see http://www.hklawsoc.org.hk/pub_e/faq/olqe. asp) 2. Make a motion to Hong Kong’s High Court for admission.

Hong Kong is one of the leading financial centres in the world, with its stock exchange ranked as the seventh largest in the world. Unlike mainland China, Hong Kong’s economy is primarily service based, with services comprising over 90% of Hong Kong’s GDP.

LEGAL SYSTEM In contrast with the civil law legal system in Mainland China, Hong Kong follows a common law legal system. The national laws of China do not generally apply to Hong Kong, as the territory’s laws are sourced from a parliamentary government and judicial precedent.

The Hong Kong Court of Final Appeal is the highest court in the jurisdiction. It comprises of one Chief Justice, three permanent judges and one non-permanent seat that is filled by judges from other common law jurisdictions (such as England, Australia and New Zealand) on a rotating basis.

LEGAL MARKET

Due to Hong Kong’s reputation as one of the world’s core financial centres, the legal market in Hong Kong has grown to accommodate the fast-paced commercial nature of business in the territory. In recent decades it has become the key hub for commercial arbitration in Asia, with the Hong Kong International Arbitration Centre taking on 460 cases in 2016. As such, numerous international law firms have a strong presence in Hong Kong, with many European and American law firms developing a significant base in Hong Kong. It is a key destination for Australian law students to undertake vacation schemes.

Approximately 750 Australian qualified lawyers are currently admitted to practice in Hong Kong, and a further 112 are practicing as foreign legal consultants.

REQUIREMENTS TO PRACTICE FLY-IN/FLY-OUT PRACTICE As a foreign lawyer, you can work on a fly-in/fly-out basis in Hong Kong if your presence in Hong Kong is limited in any 12-month period, to 90 days in total or 3 consecutive months.

A foreign lawyer operating in this manner can only provide services related to the practice of foreign or international law. If you wish to practice for a longer period of time, you must register as a ‘foreign legal consultant’.

VISAS AND IMMIGRATION Foreign lawyers with no right of abode in Hong Kong must obtain a work visa. This is generally sponsored by employers. All adults intending to reside in Hong Kong for over 6 months must also apply in person at the Immigration Department for a Hong Kong Identity Card.

FIRMS/ORGANISATIONS

International law firms: Local firms: ++ Mayer Brown JSM ++ Deacons ++ Baker McKenzie ++ Woo Kwan Lee & Lo ++ Clifford Chance ++ Li & Partners ++ Linklaters ++ Wilkinson & Grist ++ DLA Piper ++ Boughton Peterson ++ King & Wood Mallesons Yang Anderson

TRAINING CONTRACT & VACATION SCHEME DEADLINES Applications typically open in October/November, and close in January/April. Some firms have noted that you can still email your application to the relevant Graduate Recruitment manager after the application deadline, however this is not recommended.

15 January

Ashurst Freshfields

20 January

King & Wood Mallesons

31 January

Davis Polk Baker McKenzie Minter Ellison Clifford Chance Linklaters

1 February

Skadden Herbert Smith Freehills

28 February

White & Case

1 March

Latham & Watkins Allen & Overy

Throughout the year

Slaughter and May

FOREIGN LEGAL CONSULTANT As a foreign lawyer you can obtain a limited licence that entitles you to offer advisory services in foreign and international law as a ‘Foreign Legal Consultant’ (FLC). To qualify, you must show: ++ you are a person of good standing in the jurisdiction in which you are qualified to practise law (ie. Australia); and ++ you have satisfied the Law Society of Hong Kong that you are a fit and proper person to be registered; and ++ you are covered by professional indemnity insurance.

According to the Foreign Lawyer Registration Rules, FLC’s are prohibited from advising on Hong Kong law, and are limited to giving advice and handling matters which are: ++ subject to the law of a jurisdiction other than Hong Kong; or ++ about private or public international law or conflicts of law To offer advisory services in foreign and international law, FLC’s must enter commercial association with local lawyers.

26 Global Legal Careers Guidebook

FOR MORE INFORMATION

++ Overseas Lawyers (Qualifications for Admission) Rules, ++ Law Society of Hong Kong’s website (http://www.hklawsoc. org.hk/pub_e/faq/olqe.asp). ++ Law Council of Australia (http://lca.lawcouncil.asn.au/ lawcouncil/images/LCA-PDF/Country_Fact_Sheets/Asia/ PFL%20Hong%20Kong_map.pdf)

JURISDICTION

SIN GAPO RE Common law English, Malay, Mandarin, Tamil Parliamentary Republic Bar exam Singaporean dollar Singapore

COUNTRY BACKGROUND

REQUIREMENTS TO PRACTICE

ECONOMY A former English colony, Singapore is a global and regional hub for commerce, finance and transport. The World Economic Forum has determined Singapore to be the world’s most technology ready nation. The nation’s political stability and low tax rate have allowed it to remain as one of South East Asia’s key hubs for international corporations.

LEGAL SYSTEM Singapore’s legal system is based on the English common law tradition. While certain areas of the law are almost completely based in statute (such as criminal and family law), Singaporean courts have continued to look to English precedents to inform judicial decision making with an increasing trend of looking towards Australian and Canadian jurisprudence.

Singapore’s highest court is the Supreme Court, and consists of the Court of Appeal, and the High Court. The court comprises of a Chief Justice, Judges of Appeal, High Court Judges and Judicial Commissioners. Judges try all matters, with jury trials being abolished in 1969.

Additionally, Singapore’s Muslim population have had access to Sharia Courts since the late 1950s. These courts have been recognised and defined by law through the drafting and adoption of the Administration of the Muslim Law Act.

PEOPLE, SOCIETY AND CULTURE Singapore boasts a population of over five and a half million people, about 74.1% of which are of Chinese descent. An additional 13.4% of the population are of Malay descent, with another 9.2% having Indian descent. Furthermore, a significant portion of the country’s population is bilingual.

Lawyers with qualifications from other jurisdictions are able to practice law in Singapore as either qualified or unqualified practitioners.

To become a qualified practitioner and therefore be admitted to the Singapore Bar, you must meet the following criteria: 1. Be a citizen of Singapore or a permanent resident; and 2. Have a law degree from an institution listed in the Singaporean Ministry of Law website (NB that the MLS JD is recognised); and 3. Ranked in the top 70% of total graduates in your year; and 4. Pass Part A of the Singaporean Bar Exam (covering criminal, evidence, land, Singaporean Legal System and Constitutional and Company law) held in November each year; and 5. Complete Part B of the Singaporean Bar Exam comprising of a compulsory 5 month practical law course and exam covering civil and criminal procedure, conveyancing practice, professional responsibility and family law; and 6. Complete a 6 month traineeship at a Singapore law firm.

If you do not meet the above criteria, you also have the option to: 1. Practice as a foreign lawyer: if the candidate is admitted to practice in any jurisdiction they are allowed to practice foreign law in Singapore if they register as a ‘Foreign Lawyer’. Additional courses or examinations will not be required.

2. Practice as in-house counsel at an organisation based in Singapore (See http://www.scca.org.sg for more details) 3. Sit the Foreign Practitioner Exam: The Singapore Institute of Legal Education (SILE) conducts Foreign Practitioner Examinations (FPE). (See http://www.sile.edu.sg/foreignpractitioner-examination).

FIRMS/ORGANISATIONS Major local firms

LEGAL MARKET Singapore has been able to position itself as the main legal centre in the region for cross-border disputes and international arbitration. The Singapore International Mediation Centre (SIMC) and the Singapore International Commercial Court (SICC), both recently established, have attracted high value disputes and legal work to the country.

++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ Major ++ ++ ++ ++ ++

Allen & Gledhill LLP Drew & Napier LLC Raja & Tann LLP WongPartnership LLP Colin Ng & Partners LLP Shook Lin & Bok LLP TSMP Law Corporation International firms Baker McKenzie Clifford Chance Allen & Overy Norton Rose Fulbright Linklaters

FOR MORE INFORMATION ++ Ministry of Law Singapore (https://www.mlaw.gov.sg/content/ minlaw/en/practising-as-a-lawyer/alternatives-for-working-inthe-legal-field-in-singapore.html). ++ Singapore Attorney General’s Chambers (http:// www.ifaq.gov.sg/agc/apps/fcd_faqmain).

Global Legal Careers Guidebook 27

MALAYS IA Common law Malay Federal Constitutional Monarchy Malaysian Bar Exam Ringgit Kuala Lumpur

COUNTRY BACKGROUND ECONOMY Malaysia boasts the fourth largest economy in South-East Asia with a GDP of approximately $350,000. Its economy is newly industrialised and therefore open and highly state based. One of Malaysia’s largest sectors is industry, employing approximately 40% of the country’s labour force, particularly in the areas of electronics. Malaysia’s largest trading partner is China, with Malaysia being China’s third-largest trading partner in Asia.

PEOPLE, CULTURE AND SOCIETY Malaysia has a population of approximately 32 million people. The country’s population consists of various ethnic groups, with 137 living languages spoken. Remnants of British influence remain with English being a common second-language as it is compulsorily taught in all public schools.

LEGAL SYSTEM British influence as a result of colonisation has left Malaysia’s with a common law legal system. Malaysia’s constitution also creates a dual court system; a secular court system and a sharia court system that only applies to the country’s Muslim population.

The highest court in country is the Federal Court of Malaysia; it is the final court of appeal for civil matters and certain criminal matters. It currently consists of a Chief Justice, President of the Court of Appeal, Chief Judge of the High Court of Malaya, Chief Judge of the High Court of Sabah and Sarawak, and eleven judges.

LEGAL MARKET

FLY-IN/FLY-OUT PRACTICE Legislation recently passed by Malaysian Parliament permits foreign lawyers to practice on a fly-in/fly-out under limited terms: ++ You can only practice the law of your home country and international law. You cannot practice Malaysian law. ++ You must be in Malaysia for less than 60 days per calendar year.

Foreign lawyers operating on a fly-in/fly-out basis are subject to all the rules of the Malaysian Bar Council.

REGISTERING AS A FOREIGN LAWYER IN MALAYSIA (FOREIGN LEGAL CONSULTANT) A foreign lawyer may register as a foreign lawyer in Malaysia and practice in certain ‘permitted practice areas’ (below) if you are employed by an International Partnership, a Qualified Foreign Law Firms (QFLF), or Malaysian law firm. To work in this capacity, you must: ++ Register as a foreign lawyer by submitting an application to the Selection Committee Secretariat within the Malaysian Bar Council. Registrations may be subject to terms and conditions and will have to be renewed annually. ++ Reside in Malaysia for at least 182 days per calendar year. ++ Demonstrate that you have relevant legal expertise and experience in the permitted practice areas (above) Registered foreign lawyers employed by Malaysian firms are subject to annual performance reporting.

Permitted practice areas for foreign lawyers are transactions: ++ Regulated by Malaysian law and at least one other national law, ++ Regulated solely by any law other than Malaysian law

Malaysia’s legal market has historically been heavily restricted to local firms, with only two international firms being granted licences as qualified foreign law firms by the Malaysian Bar Council. The most recent grant was to Herbert Smith Freehills in the beginning of 2017.

Herbert Smith Freehills’ Kuala Lumpur office focuses primarily on transactions, disputes and Islamic finance.

Arbitration: In any arbitral proceedings (except court proceedings arising out of arbitral proceedings), foreign lawyers or persons representing or involved in supporting a party in the proceeding, is permitted to do so. Arbitral rules are updated by Kuala Lumpur Regional Centre for Arbitration (http://www.klrca.org.my/Scripts/ default.asp).

Some have speculated that this signifies Malaysia’s desire to liberalise the legal sector. This is consistent with the amendments to legislation that enables foreign lawyers to practice in Malaysia in specified manners.

Excluded areas of practice include (non-exhaustively): constitutional and administrative law; conveyancing; criminal law; family law; retail banking; registration of patents and trademarks; appearing or pleading in any court of justice in Malaysia; representing a client in proceedings in a court of justice in Malaysia, or giving advice.

REQUIREMENTS TO PRACTICE GETTING ADMITTED AS A MALAYSIAN LAWYER To practice as a Malaysian advocate or solicitor, you must be admitted to the Malaysian Bar. According to the Legal Profession Act, to be admitted to the Malaysian Bar, you must satisfy the following requirements: ++ Academic requirements. Law graduates from The University of Melbourne are recongised by the Malaysian Qualifying Board, and thus satisfy this requirement and are eligible for admission to practice as local Malaysian lawyers. ++ Practical requirements, and ++ Formal requirements (including citizenship requirements)

28 Global Legal Careers Guidebook

FIRMS/ORGANISATIONS Major local firms ++ Zaid Ibrahim & Co ++ Shearn Delamore & Co ++ Lee Hishammuddin Allen & Gledhill ++ Skrine ++ Zul Rafique & Partners ++ Shook Lin & Bok International law firms: ++ Herbert Smith Freehills ++ Trowers & Hamilton

FOR MORE INFORMATION ++ Malaysian Bar, foreign lawyers section: http://www. malaysianbar.org.my/foreign_lawyers/ ++ Law Council of Australia

JURISDICTION

T HAILAN D Civil law Thai Constitutional Monarchy Thai bar exam (Thai nationals only) Baht Bangkok

COUNTRY BACKGROUND ECONOMY

Despite its reputation as a holiday destination, Bangkok is also a growing hub of South East Asia’s expanding legal market. Thailand has the second largest economy in South East Asia on the basis of GDP. Thailand’s economy is highly dependent on exports, with exports consisting of over two-thirds of the country’s GDP. Thailand remains the world’s largest exporter of rice. Thailand also has South East Asia’s largest automotive industry.

PEOPLE, SOCIETY AND CULTURE Thailand’s boasts a population of almost sixty-seven million people, most of whom are concentrated in rural areas. The government officially recognises 62 ethnic communities, with several mountain dwelling tribes and a majority of 34.1% of the population claiming to be ethnically Thai.

LEGAL SYSTEM Thailand is a constitutional monarchy with a bicameral legislature.

The Prime Minister is the head of government, and the head of state is currently King Maha Vajiralongkorn. Thailand’s legal system is a civil law legal system bases on the Constitution, statute, and royal proclamations. Judicial precedent is not binding. However, judicial decisions by the Supreme Court of Thailand are published and are increasingly being used as secondary authorities.

Thailand’s highest court for criminal and civil matters is the Supreme Court of Thailand. The court’s composition consists of the President, six Vice Presidents, the Secretary and several Justices.

International Law in Thailand: ++ Joined the World Trade Organisation (WTO) in 1995, and made select commitments under GATS (General Agreement on Trade Services) - a multilateral agreement that provides legally enforceable rules covering all international trade services and investment in the service sector. For more information see: https://www.ibanet.org/PPID/Constituent/ Bar_Issues_Commission/ITILS_Thailand.aspx ++ Party to the ASEAN free trade agreement and regional trade agreement between ASEAN and Korea, Austrlaia, New Zealand, China, India and Japan. ++ Made bilaterial agreements with Japan, Laos, Australia and New Zealand

LEGAL MARKET Due to the recent political upheaval in 2014, criminal and civil proceedings pertaining to government corruption have been a strong source of work for law firms in Thailand. Similar to Australia, Thailand has also experienced a significant increase in the amount of lawyers due to the decreasing exclusivity of law schools, resulting in a highly competitive job market for lawyers.

REQUIREMENTS TO PRACTICE Only Thai nationals are able to obtain full practicing certificates (Lawyers Act VE 2528 (AD 1985), section 35). However, foreigners are still able to work for law firms in an advisory capacity as a ‘foreign legal consultant’ (FLC). This means that as a foreign lawyer, you cannot represent clients in court - however you can perform legal advisory services if you have obtained a work permit for advisory services as a FLC. Arbitration and mediation: Foreign lawyers can act as legal advisors in arbitration proceedings in Thailand only if: ++ The governing law is not Thai law; and ++ Thai Courts are not involved in enforcement

FLY-IN/FLY-OUT PRACTICE There are no express rules allowing foreign lawyers to practice temporarily on a fly-in/fly-out basis. A foreign lawyer can obtain a business visa to attend meetings etc but cannot earn income or market services directly to the public.

REGISTER AS A FOREIGN LEGAL CONSULTANT Foreign lawyers can obtain limited licence that entitles them to offer advisory services regarding: ++ The law of their home jurisdiction ++ International law It is also worth noting that in Thailand’s Free Trade Agreement with Australia, concession is made on the free movement of natural persons and permits up to 100% Australian ownership in management consultancy businesses - which could be used as a vehicle for foreign law firms

VISAS All non-transit visitors to Thailand require an entry visa. Foreigners wanting to work must also obtain a work permit from the Department of Employment and the Ministry of Labour and Public welfare

FIRMS/ORGANISATIONS Major local firms (where non-Thai nationals can work in advisory services with local lawyers) ++ Siam Premier International Law Office ++ TEAM Legal ++ Tilleke & Gibbins ++ Weerawong ++ Chinavat & Peangpanor ++ Chandler & Thong-ek Law Offices Major international firms: ++ Allen & Overy ++ Baker McKenzie ++ Herbert Smith Freehills ++ Clifford Chance ++ Allens Linklaters ++ DLA Piper ++ Norton Rose Fulbright

FOR MORE INFORMATION ++ Lawyers Council of Thailand (www.lawyerscouncil.or.th)

Global Legal Careers Guidebook 29

V IET N AM Civil law Vietnamese One party socialist republic Obtain practicing licence Dong Hanoi

COUNTRY BACKGROUND ECONOMY Vietnam has historically been an agricultural civilisation. Currently, the Vietnamese economy is primarily influenced by Five Year Plans created by the Vietnamese Communist Party. Growth has been slow but steady in recent years. Vietnam is South- East Asia’s fourth-largest oil producer. It is currently the world’s largest producer of black pepper, and the second-largest exporter of rice in the world.

PEOPLE, CULTURE AND SOCIETY Vietnam has a population of almost ninety-six million people. The Vietnamese government recognises 54 ethnic groups, with ethnic Vietnamese people accounting for 86% of the nation’s population.

LEGAL SYSTEM Vietnam’s legal system was highly influenced by the French civil law system and socialist legal theory. Vietnam has a civil law legal system and its government system is a one party socialist republic. As such, the judiciary is a part of the Communist Party of Vietnam with the party selecting and vetting judges.

The Highest Court in the Country is the Supreme People’s Court.

The Court consists of the Chief Justice, the Deputy Chief Justices and other Justices as appointed by the National Assembly on the recommendation of the President.

LEGAL MARKET Due to a stream of new investors in the market, M&A work is increasing in the Vietnamese legal sector. This is especially due to new investors in the market, in areas such as food and beverages, banking and consumer products.

Foreign lawyers practicing in Vietnam play an increasingly important role in improving the experience for Vietnamese lawyers in dealing with international commercial disputes.

Similar to many other Asian countries, Vietnam does not have a history of being a strongly litigious culture. Alternative dispute resolution is often emphasised in place of litigation.

The Vietnam Bar Federation is open for all lawyers working in Vietnam to join.

REQUIREMENTS TO PRACTICE ADMISSION AS A VIETNAMESE LAWYER Foreign lawyers are able obtain a full licence to practice in Vietnam if the Ministry of Justice grants a practicing license. To be eligible to be granted a practicing license, you must submit a written request to the Ministry of Justice, including proof of the following: ++ That you are qualified in a foreign jurisdiction, ++ That you belong to a foreign lawyer’s organisation aimed at practicing in Vietnam; or certification of recruitment by a Vietnamese foreign lawyer’s professional practising organisation.

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FLY-IN/FLY-OUT PRACTICE There is no express article relating to foreign lawyers practicing law on a temporary ‘fly-in/fly-out basis, and its unclear whether foreign lawyers may do so. However, it is unlikely fly-in/fly-out lawyers could meet the following obligations necessary to practice foreign law in Vietnam: ++ Be present regularly in Vietnam (Article 77.2.c) ++ Choose to practice in a Vietnamese branch or foreign law firm or work under a contract for a branch, foreign law firm or Vietnamese law firm (Article 75) ; and ++ Pay personal income tax (Article 77.2.a)

FOREIGN LEGAL CONSULTANT

As a foreign lawyer, you can obtain a limited licence to be a ‘Foreign Legal Consultant’ (FLC) (See Article 74 of the Law on Lawyers). Under Article 76, this his entitles you to: ++ Advise on the law of your home jurisdiction ++ Advise on International law ++ Provide other legal services related to foreign law; and ++ Advise on Vietnamese law (but only if you also hold a Vietnamese law degree and meet all requirements for a Vietnamese lawyer).

You cannot practice in legal proceedings as a defence counsel , a defender of parities, or represent clients before bodies conducting legal proceedings in Vietnam. However, under Article 75, you can practice: ++ individually for a Vietnam-based branch or foreign law firm; or ++ under contract for a branch, foreign law firm or Vietnamese law firm.

To qualify for a licence to be a FLC, you must meet all of the following conditions: 1. Possess a valid practising certificate issued by a foreign competent authority (ie. Victorian practicing certificate); 2. Respect constitution and law of the Socialist Republic of Have been nominated by a foreign law-practising organisation to practice law in Vietnam, or recruited by the Vietnam-based branch of a foreign law firm or Vietnamese law-practicing organisation.

FIRMS/ORGANISATIONS Major local firms ++ ++ ++ ++

Vision & Associates VILAF YKVN Phuoc & Partners

International law firms: ++ Allen & Overy ++ Baker McKenzie ++ Freshfields Bruckhaus Deringer ++ Allens (strong presence with offices in Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City)

FOR MORE INFORMATION ++ ++ ++ ++ ++

Vietnamese Law on Lawyers (English) Vietnamese Ministry of Justice (English) The Vietnamese National Lawyers Federation Vietnam Lawyers Association Law Council of Australia’s fact sheet on Vietnam (http://lca. lawcouncil.asn.au/lawcouncil/images/LCA-PDF/Country_ Fact_Sheets/Asia/PFL%20Vietnam_map.pdf)

JURISDICTION

SOUT H KO REA Civil law Korean Constitutional Republic Korean attorney exam South Korean won Seoul

COUNTRY BACKGROUND ECONOMY

South Korea boasts the fourth largest economy in eastern Asia and is considered one of the four ‘Asian Tigers’ alongside Hong Kong, Singapore and Taiwan. The country’s comprehensive education system has lead to a highly educated population that has spurred on innovation and growth, resulting in South Korea becoming a world leader in the development of consumer electronics and smartphones.

PEOPLE, SOCIETY AND CULTURE South Korea boasts a population of 51 million people. South Korea has a high level of ethnic homogeneity with more than 98% of the country’s population being ethnically Korean. However, similar to neighbouring Japan and Taiwan, South Korea’s birth rate has stalled in recent years. This has resulted in some concerns of the sustainability of the economy.

LEGAL SYSTEM South Korea’s legal system is a Civil Law system akin to that of the Japanese and German systems. Additionally, South Korea follows the Continental Inquisitorial system as opposed to the adversarial legal system. Moreover, South Korean legal proceedings do not involve the use of a jury. The highest court in the country is the Supreme Court of Korea which is the court of last resort in most non-constitutional legal proceedings. The court consists of a Chief Justice, and thirteen Justices whom serve until the mandatory retirement age of seventy.

LEGAL MARKET Due to South Korea’s large technology-based economy, the legal market has reflected the growing needs in this area with many large local and international firms in South Korea having large intellectual property and commercial arbitration practices. Additionally, due to the South Korea’s geographic position on the Korean peninsula, shipping and maritime law are also areas in which lawyers are in demand.

Although South Korea is an important jurisdiction, the south Korean legal service market was closed to foreign firms until the long-awaited EU-Korea Free Trade Agreement (FTA) was signed in 2010.

REQUIREMENTS TO PRACTICE Only graduates of South Korean law schools are eligible to sit the South Korean Attorney Examination and therefore practice South Korean law. Foreign lawyers are prohibited from providing advice on Korean law under the Attorney Act. However, you can still work for law firms in South Korea in an advisory capacity as a ‘Foreign Legal Consultant’ (FLC), or qualify as a local Korean lawyer.

REGISTER AS A LOCAL KOREAN LAWYER As there is no formal process for the recognition of foreign qualifications, to practice as a local lawyer, you must qualify as such.

To do so requires satisfying the following requirements: ++ Completing a graduate level legal program (3 years) at an approved university in Korea; and ++ Passing the Korean Bar Exam.

Once qualified to become a licensed lawyer and commence legal practice, you must then register with the Korean Bar Association (KBA) through the local bar association with which you intend to be affiliated.

FOREIGN LEGAL CONSULTANT As a foreign lawyer from Australia - a country that has signed a Free Trade Agreement with the Republic of Korea, you can register with the Korean Bar Association as a Foreign Legal Consultant (FLC), subject to the terms of the Foreign Legal Consultant Act (FLCA).

Once registered as an FLC, you can only provide legal services regarding: ++ Law of your home jurisdiction; ++ International customary law; and ++ International arbitration proceedings whose applicable law is the law of your home jurisdiction or international public law and the jurisdiction of the arbitration in the Republic of Korea.

The requirements to register as an FLC: ++ Practicing certificate in your home jurisdiction (and that this country is party to an FTA with the Republic of Korea, which Australia is) ++ Minimum of 3 years providing legal service in your home jurisdiction; and ++ Reside in Korea for at least 180 days per year This process can be lengthy (up to 3 months) and bureaucratic.

FIRMS/ORGANISATIONS Major local firms: ++ Kim and Chang ++ Bae Kim and Lee ++ Shin and Kim Major ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++

international firms Allen & Overy DLA Piper Clifford Chance Linklaters Herbert Smith Freehills Stephenson Harwood

International organisations ++ Seoul International Dispute Resolution Centre (SIDRC) - which contains offices for the London Court of International Arbitration (LCIA), Hong Kong International Arbitration Centre (HKIA) and Singapore International Arbitration Centre (SIAC)

FOR MORE INFORMATION For more information see: ++ Law Council of Australia Korea Fact Sheet ++ http://communities.lawsociety.org.uk/international/ regions/north-asia-and-the-pacific/south-korea/how-topractise-in-south-korea/5044557.fullarticle

Global Legal Careers Guidebook 31

UNI TED ARAB EMIRAT ES Civil law Arabic Federal Absolute Monarchy Licensed by the Emiri Diwan UAE Dirham Abu Dhabi

COUNTRY BACKGROUND

REQUIREMENTS TO PRACTICE

ECONOMY

PRACTICE AS A UAE ‘ADVOCATE’

The UAE is the second largest Arab economy in the world with a GDP of $348 billion. The economy is heavily reliant on petroleum exports, however has taken bold efforts in recent years to diversify their economy due to their smaller oil reserves in relation to other gulf nations. Such efforts include a boom in real estate development, construction and tourism.

Australian law degrees are recognised in the UAE, meaning foreign lawyers are eligible practice local law in UAE once you have registered with the Department of Legal Affairs and undergone compulsory training courses in Sharia and private law.

PEOPLE, SOCIETY AND CULTURE The UAE has an extremely diverse population of 9.27 million people.

In recent years, immigration has been the most significant contributor to the UAE’s population growth. Immigrants from India make up approximately 27% of the overall population, followed by immigrants from Pakistan whom make up 13% of the overall population. While Arabic is the official language, English is also widely used, alongside Hindi, Urdu and Persian.

LEGAL SYSTEM The legal system of the UAE has drawn on a unique blend of influences, including French, Roman, Egyptian, British and Islamic Sharia law. The UAE’s court system is complex, consisting of Sharia Courts that operate differently in each of the Emirates, Civil Courts, and Criminal Courts. Additionally, the Dubai International Financial Centre Judicial Authority is a common law judicial system within the financial districts that applies judicial precedent.

Generally speaking, only UAE nationals (and in certain circumstances Gulf Cooperation Council nationals) can appear in court as an advocates.

However, non-UAE advocates can register to practice law in court if they: ++ Have at least 15 years relevant advocacy experience ++ Work in a UAE licensed advocacy firm ++ Hold valid residency in the UAE and a labour card registered with the firm in which they practice ++ Are qualified in their foreign jurisdiction ++ Are of full legal capacity ++ Have not been convicted of an offence affecting their honour or trustworthiness.

Foreign lawyers can apply for right of audience before Dubai International Financial Centre (DIFC) courts by submitting: ++ A declaration that you have at least 5 years advocacy experience ++ Evidence that you have sufficient command of the English language

FIRMS/ORGANISATIONS LEGAL MARKET Legal work has been in demand in recent years, particularly due to the boom in real estate, construction, and energy projects. An understanding of Islamic finance is also highly in demand in the legal sector in the UAE. Additionally, local firms have rights of audience before UAE courts, an advantage that international firms do not have.

Major local firms: ++ ++ ++ ++ Major ++ ++ ++ ++ ++

Al Tamimi & Company Hadef & Partners Arfridi & Angell international firms Norton Rose Fulbright Allen & Overy Clifford Chance Clyde & Co LLP White & Case

FOR MORE INFORMATION ++ Government of Dubai Legal Affairs Department (http:// legal.dubai.gov.ae/en/Pages/default.aspx) ++ https://uk.practicallaw.thomsonreuters.com/w-0071695?transitionType=Default&contextData=(sc.

Default)&firstPage=true&bhcp=1

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JURISDICTION

QATAR Civil law Arabic Constitutional monarchy Admission to roll of practicing lawyers Riyal Doha

COUNTRY BACKGROUND

REQUIREMENTS TO PRACTICE

ECONOMY

ADMISSION AS A QATAR LAWYER

Qatar’s strong economy has been based on its vast oil and gas reserves, which were first discovered in the 1940s. As one of the only countries in the world that does not have income tax, citizens benefitted from the economy’s growth. Additionally, industry related to the maintenance and use of these resources has flourished in recent decades, particularly the petrochemical and steel industry.

However, concerns about eventual scarcity of oil and gas have caused Qatar to put renewable energy on the forefront of the country’s longterm agenda, with investment in renewable resources a key aspect of the Qatar National Vision 2030.

PEOPLE, CULTURE AND SOCIETY Qatar has a highly fluctuating population due to the high numbers of seasonal expatriate workers with local Qatari citizens make up roughly 12% of the country’s population. The majority of the country’s population consists of expat workers from India, Nepal, Bangladesh and the Philippines. Additionally, the high ratio of male workers emigrating to Qatar has affected the country’s sex ratio, particularly within the bracket of working age adults (25 - 54 years) with 4.61 males to 1 female.

LEGAL SYSTEM Similar to its neighbouring jurisdictions, Qatar is a predominantly a civil law jurisdiction, with codes and legislation often based on Sharia law. Qatar’s legal system is often described as being dualist in nature, with two branches of courts; the Sharia courts which are only accessible to Muslims and the Adlia courts. The highest court is the Qatar Court of Cassation.

LEGAL MARKET

To be admitted to the Roll of Practicing Lawyers in Qatar, one must generally be a Qatari citizen or a citizen of a Gulf Cooperation Council Country with a law degree from a recognised university.

However, foreign lawyers are able to practice in Qatar at both international and local Qatari firms and are also added to the Roll of Practicing Lawyers.

Foreign lawyers can appaer before Qatari judicial bodies if they are: ++ working at Qatari firms for more than three years and ++ admitted to practice in another jurisdiction Additionally, foreign lawyers not working for local firms may still appear before Qatari courts without being admitted to practice in Qatar, provided that they appear alongside a Qatari practicing lawyer and a permit has been obtained from the Minister of Justice.

FIRMS/ORGANISATIONS Major ++ ++ ++

local firms Hassan Al-Khater Law Offices Sultan Al-Abdulla & Partners Al Tamimi & Company

Major ++ ++ ++ ++

International law firms: Allen & Overy Simmons & Simmons White & Case Clyde & Cowith

The legal market in Qatar is heavily focused on energy and renewable projects. Similar to other Gulf jurisdictions, an understanding of Islamic finance and law is highly valued. Additionally, Qatar’s appeal to foreign companies and labour has caused international law firms to fortify operations in the country, particularly in relation to the growth in energy and renewable projects.

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SAUDI ARABIA Sharia law Arabic Islamic Monarchy Admission to table of practicing Advocates Saudi Riyal Riyadh

COUNTRY BACKGROUND

REQUIREMENTS TO PRACTICE

ECONOMY

ADMISSION AS A SAUDI LAWYER

Saudi Arabia’s economy is heavily based on its oil reserves with over 90% of export earnings deriving from petroleum and the oil industry comprising nearly half of the country’s GDP. Saudi Arabia’s private sector is heavily reliant on foreign workers with nearly 80% of people employed in the sector being non-Saudi. In recent decades there has been significant investment in the construction of new cities and in water supply and desalination.

PEOPLE, CULTURE AND SOCIETY Saudi Arabia boasts a population of over 32 million people, with a large youth population. Over half the country’s population is under the age of twenty-five. Foreign nationals residing in Saudi Arabia for work consist of roughly 33% of the overall population.

Saudi Arabia hosts one of the key sacred sites for the Islamic faith – Mecca – which witnesses millions of Muslims make the ‘Hajj’ or pilgrimage to the site annually.

Non-Saudi nationals are generally cannot be admitted to the Table of Practicing Advocates, and thus cannot practice as a Saudi Lawyer.

ADMISSION AS A SAUDI LAWYER However, once you are qualified to practice in your home jurisdiction (ie. admitted in Australia), you may work in Saudi Arabia as a licensed Foreign Legal Consultant (FLC).

As a FLC, whilst you are not allowed to appear in a Saudi courtroom or other judicial body, you can advise on: ++ The law of your home jurisdiction (Australian law); and ++ International customary law

FIRMS/ORGANISATIONS

LEGAL SYSTEM Saudi Arabia’s legal system is predominantly based on Sharia law.

Unlike other jurisdictions that have adopted Sharia law through codification of Sharia law principles (thus effectively following civil law models) Saudi Arabia adopted Sharia in uncodified form.

Additionally, Saudi Arabia does not follow a common law model of judicial precedent. There have been calls from government to codify Sharia law, however, this is yet to be implemented.

Major ++ ++ ++ ++ ++

In 2013, women were able to practice law for the first time in Saudi Arabia, with the country’s first all-female law firm established in 2014.

Major International law firms: ++ Allen & Overy (in association with Khoshaim & Associates) ++ Baker McKenzie (in affiliation with Abdulaziz Al-Ajlan & Partners) ++ Clifford Chance (in association with Abuhimed Alsheik Alhagbani Law Firm) ++ Latham & Watkins (in association with Law Office of Salman M. Al-Sudairi) ++ Freshfields Bruckhaus Deringer (in association with the Law Firm of Salah Al-Hejailan) ++ Clyde & Cowith

LEGAL MARKET Foreign law firms seeking to operate in Saudi Arabia must practice in association with local Saudi law firms. Like their other gulf neighbours, the significant proportion of commercial legal work in Saudi Arabia is focused on energy and construction.

As Sharia law forms the significant majority of Saudi Arabia’s legal system, a comprehensive understanding of Islamic law and its interpretation is highly valuable, not only for locally registered lawyers, but also foreign attorneys and firms.

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local firms Abdulaziz Al-Ajlan & Partners Abuhimed Alsheik Alhagbani Law Firm Khoshaim & Associates Law Firm of Salah Al-Hejailan Law Office of Salman M. Al-Sudairi

JURISDICTION

SOUT H AF RICA Common law English, Afrikaans, Zulu, Xhosa Constitutional republic Attorney’s Admission exam South African Rand Johannesburg

COUNTRY BACKGROUND

REQUIREMENTS TO PRACTICE

ECONOMY

REQUALIFYING AS A SOUTH AFRICAN LAWYER

South Africa’s economy is the second largest in Africa, with a GDP of $294.8 billion USD. While political instability and corruption is a major hindrance to the growth of business in the country, the country’s strong banking and finance sector has been a positive attraction for international firms and businesses. Tourism, mining, and vehicle manufacturing have also become significant sector’s of the country’s diverse economy.

Australian lawyers and graduates with Australian law degrees will not be able to practice local South African law unless they are admitted to practice in South Africa which involves satisfying several requirements under the Attorneys Act no 53:

PEOPLE, SOCIETY AND CULTURE South Africa boasts a population of over 56 million people. Just over 80% of the population identifies as Black African, almost 9% identify as coloured, and around 8.4% identify as white, with 2.5% identifying as Indian/Asian. The country has eleven official languages: Zulu, Xhosa, Afrikaans, English, Sepedi, Setswana, Sesotho, Xitsonga, Swati, Tshivenda, and Ndebele. Many South Africans speak more than one language, with many of the population speaking both official and nonofficial languages.

1. Recognised Academic Qualifications; »» Graduates of Australian Law Schools (including MLS) will need to apply to a local South African University to determine whether their JD (or any part of it) can be credited towards a South African academic qualification.

2. The completion of two-to-three years (depending on the circumstances) of a contract of articles (with a private firm or state attorney) or a service contract (with community legal centre); 3. Being a fit a proper person according to the South African Law Society and High Court; and 4. Successful completion of the Attorney’s Admission Examination

LEGAL SYSTEM

FOREIGN LEGAL CONSULTANT

South Africa’s mixed colonial history has had a significant impact on the country’s legal system. For the most part, South Africa follows in the English common law legal tradition, particularly in the areas of criminal procedure, civil procedure, company law, constitutional law, and evidence law. However, Roman-Dutch law applies in the areas of contract, tort, personhood and family law. There are also aspects of African customary law depending on tribal contexts and locations.

As a foreign lawyer you can also practice as a ‘Foreign Legal Consultant’, advising on: ++ Law of your home jurisdiction ++ International law ++ International finance ++ Project management ++ Arbitration

The Supreme Court of Appeal of South Africa is the country’s highest court of appeal for all matters other than constitutional law (which are heard in the Constitutional Court). The Supreme Court of Appeal currently consists of a President, Vice President, and twenty-one Judges of Appeal.

FIRMS/ORGANISATIONS

LEGAL MARKET The South African legal market has faced several changes in the last few years. One of the most notable being that ‘Big 4’ consulting and auditing firms and expanding their legal services by acquiring local South African law firms. In recent years, the most active areas have been banking, finance, and dispute resolution.

Major ++ ++ ++ ++

local firms: Bowmans Cliffe Dekker Hofmeyr ENSafrica Webber Wentzel (in alliance with Linklaters)

Major ++ ++ ++ ++

international firms Baker McKenzie Linklaters (in alliance with Webber Wentzel) Norton Rose Fulbright White & Case

Global Legal Careers Guidebook 35

36 Global Legal Careers Guidebook

GL PO O RT BA UN L IT IE S OP

Global Legal Careers Guidebook 37

A B IT O F IN SP IRATIO N :

SAHIL SONDHI O N H IS N O N L IN EAR CAREER PATH MLS ALUMNI & FORMER GLSA PRESIDENT LIFE AT MLS

++ Graduated the JD in 2013 ++ GLSA President 2012 ++ Research Assistant

POST-MLS LIFE: ++ Asian Development Bank ++ A.T. Kearney ++ Country Head in Indonesia for Right Cloud, a technology services firm in Singapore ++ Director at Axiom Advisory a New Zealand-based consultancy firm, assisting Waterbom Bali, Asia’s Number one Water Park, to expand its eco-friendly model to a new park in Colombia, Latin America

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Currently, I am leading international expansion efforts for a Singapore-based technology services firm called RightCloud, which focuses on cloud computing, application development and Big Data.

Simultaneously, I have partnered with Waterbom Bali (#1 waterpark in Asia, #2 in the world) to expand its boutique and eco-friendly business model to a new park in Latin America.

Prior to this, I also worked as a policy and regulatory consultant at the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and as a management consultant at A.T. Kearney. People sometimes ask me how I have navigated such different roles across diverse industries. What I found at law school was that law students develop an intellectual adaptability.

The law is not taught in a vacuum: one cannot divorce the law from the area of life that the law is intended to regulate. When studying international law of commerce and international capital markets law, for example, I obviously learned a great deal about international trade and about capital markets. So, by being exposed to so many different subject matters, law students learn how to learn. In an increasingly globalized and competitive world, continuous learning is the bedrock of professional life.

I had the good fortune of growing up across several countries and continents, ranging from international schools to public schools to private schools. I did my undergraduate studies in Economics and Political Science at McGill, and then worked in Indonesia, first on the development of a grassroots microfinance project and, second, at a high-level public policy consulting firm. I then applied to a number of JD programs and accepted an offer at Melbourne Law School (MLS).

I had known for many years prior that I would study law, having met lawyers across diverse industries and roles and often been struck by an intellectual rigor about them that seemed to traverse these industries and roles, as well as an adaptability that allowed them to flourish.

I knew that post-law school I wanted to work in Indonesia, either in public policy or entrepreneurship, given the emerging market’s vast and exciting opportunities for both. Given its quality of education and proximity to Indonesia, MLS was the perfect choice.

At MLS, it was the diversity and combination of my experiences that I enjoyed the most. Between studying a variety of legal subjects with a range of dynamic and passionate instructors, conducting paralegal/clerkship roles at four law firms in three countries (with each firm practicing the law of a different jurisdiction), engaging with a multitude of stakeholders through my student leadership roles, and attending speeches and seminars hosted by renowned thought leaders, my time at MLS was very rich indeed.

There are three subjects which stand out: (i) Principles of Public Law because I found its contents to be an optimal introduction to public law and its instructor, Matthew Albert, to be incredibly bright, humble and engaging; (ii) Criminal Law because Jeremy Gans’s passion for the subject and his innovative way of teaching it were a lot of fun; and, Advocacy because it provided an opportunity to synthesize much of the legal skills and knowledge that I had developed up until that point and apply them in a practical moot trial format.

When I first applied to the ADB and A.T. Kearney, I knew little or nothing about advising the Indonesian government on implementing its new universal social security programs in a fiscally sustainable way or about assisting large corporates with developing a new strategic roadmap, performing a market assessment or analysing a supply chain. But I adapted and learned quickly enough to pass the rigorous interviews and make my mark.

That being said, it has not always been an easy journey. My career path has been non-linear and non-traditional, and this poses obvious risks. One difficulty that I have faced is that not everyone will view my breadth and versatility that I have been developing in recent years with the same level of favorability. That being said, I have purposefully chosen to transition from one industry to a radically different one because I have found the challenge incredibly rewarding and the exposure invaluable.

For JD students at MLS interested in non-traditional career paths, my advice would be twofold. First, speak to as many people as possible who are in different roles and industries. I often found that JD students were siloed due to engaging almost exclusively to members of the legal profession. Second, for roles and industries of particular interest, try to map out (i) how your education and experiences so far, including the JD, have provided you with the skills required to excel (skills, not knowledge), and (ii) what you need to do in order to gain entry. This tends to involve being highly prepared for meetings and interviews to demonstrate that you have the interest and ability to learn enough about the new subject matter at hand as well as some considered ideas on how you would add value. Ultimately, it is a matter of persuading the right people to make the right introductions and decisions.

I cannot say for certain that my approach to career-building is a successful one – only time will tell. What I can say is that I have thoroughly enjoyed myself along the way and feel encouraged to continue on this path.

Global Legal Careers Guidebook 39

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CONSULTING

UP & COMING: CONSULTING & INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY

Global Legal Careers Guidebook 41

BO STO N CO N SULT I N G G R O UP (B CG ) Location: Over 90 countries Area: Consultancy Website: https://www.bcg.com

OVERVIEW

GRADUATE POSITIONS

BCG is a consulting firm with over 90 offices in 50 countries. BCG was founded in 1963 with a vision to someday change the world.

Through collaboration with clients, orchestration of strategy, and recognition of distinctive organizational dynamics, BCG consultants have guided industry leaders toward recognizing and responding to a changing world, helping them to capitalize on emerging opportunities and seizing the competitive advantage.

Whilst BCG does not offer a specific legal graduate program, BCG welcomes law graduates to apply for Associate roles in its three career paths.

BCG has positioned itself not just as another management consulting firm, but as a pioneer of bold new approaches to running a company.

BCG prides itself on: ++ International opportunities avaialble when you work at BCG ++ Social impact - BCG gives you the opportunity to make a difference ++ Women@BCG - BCG has a rich history of devleoping outstanding, influential female leaders by offering the best career development, mentorship and networking programs. ++ Global PTO (predictability, teaming and open communication) program ++ Flexibility ++ Learning and development programs to help you build your skills and expertise at every stage of your career ++ Diversity & inclusion ++ Named one of the Human Rights Campaign Foundations ‘Best Places to work for LGBT Equality’ for 9 years straight. ++ Alumni network.

INTERNSHIP Interning at BCG gives students from many disciplines and backgrounds an opportunity to apply what they’ve learned in school and through personal experience in a real client challenge and to experience the life of a consultant. Interns get the chance to work with and be mentored by BCG consultants and are given responsibility over specific components of real client projects.

If selected for the program, BCG will work with you to understand your interests and goals and assign you cases that align with these.

Internships are usually two to three months long, but can vary from a few weeks to a year depending on the role and location. There may also be the opportunity to travel interstate or overseas during your internship.

BCG runs orientation and training sessions to provide additional insight into the consulting profession and to give you a complete view of what it would be like to work as a BCG consultant after you graduate.

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CONSULTING Consultants are the heart of BCG’s business. They go deeper to solve clients challenges and make a positive, lasting impact on their businesses and the world. As a member of BCG’s consulting team you’ll work along side top minds on cases that reshape business, government and society. You’ll collaborate on challenging projects with a diverse team. Consulting work is varied and rigorous, often performed at BCG’s client sites. Projects can vary in length, size and location. As BCG’s clients operate all over the world, you may travel overseas.

If you’re joining BCG directly from University, from the start you will have the opportunity to work with a wide range of clients and projects - from helping to devise integration strategy for pharmaceutical mergers to developing sustainable farming practices in emerging countries.

Application Process: See the application requirements section.

KNOWLEDGE & ANALYTICS BCG’s Centre for Knowledge and Analytic is a global organisation is business and technical professionals that bring together leading topic and sector experts, scientists and research specialists who leverage their advanced tools and techniques to create insights for consultants.

Application Process: See BCG’s Job-search page for availabilities across the world: https:// sjobs.brassring.com/TGWebHost/home.aspx?partnerid=25811&site id=5185

BUSINESS SERVICES The Business Services Team at BCG is compromised of the various functions that together support and run the business, including finance, human resources, information technology, legal, marketing, operations, practice area management, and risk.

As a member of the legal team in the Business Services department, you’ll serve as both a trusted advisor to the business as well as an activist agent of change, managing a full spectrum of legal issues, including contracts, intellectual property, regulatory matters, corporate compliance and corporate governance.

Application Process: See BCG’s Job-search page for availabilities across the world: https:// sjobs.brassring.com/TGWebHost/home.aspx?partnerid=25811&site id=5185

OFFICE LOCATIONS

BCG accepts online applications from law students for internships and graduate ‘associate’ roles.

BCG provides numerous opportunities for consultants at various levels of seniority to work aborad on particular cases or to work in one of BCG’s foreign offices for an extended period. With 85 offices in 48 countries - there is a lot of choice!

You can find available opportunities and the respective deadlines at ++ BCG’s offices around the world by visiting the Job Search portal: https://sjobs.brassring.com/TGnewUI/Search/Home/ Home?partnerid=25811&siteid=5185#home ++ Australian offices by visiting BCG’s University of Melbournespecific page: https://www.bcg.com/en-au/careers/join/oncampus/university-melbourne.aspx.

The application process and requirements are the same for internships and graduate ‘associate consultant’ positions.

To apply you must create your portfolio and fill in the application form at: https://talent.bcg.com/apply. You will be required to submit the following: ++ a cover letter ++ resume (including ATAR score) ++ Academic transcripts ++ top three geographic preferences (in order)

INTERVIEW PROCESS & TIPS FOR THE CONSULTING Who they’re seeking: passionate, creative, open-minded, accomplished, driven people with collaborative personalities The application process varies by location, but typically includes two rounds of interviews each consisting of one or more interviews or assessments. These are commonly divided into 3 parts: ++ Knowing more about your background, experiences particularly of leading and making an impact in any field ++ Understanding how you solve problems by having you analyze a case study and develop solutions to a client challenge typically based on areal BCG project. There’s often no right or wrong answers. Rather, they’re evaluating your thinking process, strategic skills and ability to make a strong case for your recommendations ++ An opportunity for your to ask questions about working at BCG. Come prepared, but don’t sound mechanical they’ll evaluate your ability to listen and communicate effectively and whether you present yourself positively and persuasively, and are someone they will want to spend time with!

Asia Pacific: Australia (Sydney, Melbourne, Canberra, Perth) | New Zealand (Auckland) | India (Bengaluru, Chennai, Mumbai, New Delhi) | Vietnam (Ho Chi Minh City) | Thailand (Bangkok) | China (Beijing, Hong Kong, Shanghai) | Indonesia (Jakarta) | Malaysia (Kuala Lumpur) | Japan (Tokyo, Nagoya) | South Korea (Seoul) | Singapore | Taiwan (Taipei) Central & South America: Bogota | Buenos Aires | Lima | Rio De Janeiro | Santiago | Sao Paulo Europe & The Middle East: Abu Dhabi | Amsterdam | Athens | Barcelona | Berlin | Brussels | Budapest | Cologne | Copenhagen | Dubai | Dusseldorf | Frankfurt | Geneva | Hamburg | Helsinki | Istanbul | Lisbon | London | Madrid | Moscow | Munich | Oslo | Paris | Prague | Riyadh | Rome | Stockholm | Stuttgart | Tel Aviv | Vienna | Warsaw | Zurich North America: Atlanta | Boston | Chicago | Denver | Detroit | Houston | Los Angles | Mexico City | Miami | Montreal | New Jersey | New York | Philadelphia | San Francisco | Seattle | Toronto | Washington DC

MORE INFORMATION Visit the University of Melbourne page on the BCG website at https:// www.bcg.com/en-au/ for more information.

Profiles of legal counsels at BCG: ++ Prabhjot - Senior Legal Counsel, New Delhi (https://www. bcg.com/careers/meet-bcgers/prabhjotk.aspx) ++ Kai - Legal Counsel, London (https://www.bcg.com/careers/ meet-bcgers/kaic.aspx)

CASE INTERVIEW TIPS: ++ Listen to the interviewer and ask questions ++ Don’t rush into the analysis without developing an understanding of the problem ++ Structure the problem and develop a framework ++ Focus on high-impact issues ++ Think before speaking ++ Don’t stick to an artifical framework ++ Demonstrate business judgment ++ Make quick and accurate calculations ++ synthesize your thoughts and draw conclusions from your analysis ++ Don’t panic if the answer is not apparent ++ Don’t defend your solution at all costs ++ Be transparent about your thoguht process ++ Don’t circulate cases or use advance knoweldge ++ Engage your interviewer and be yourself Practice Case Study problems are avaialble on BCG’s website: https:// www.bcg.com/en-au/careers/path/consulting/practice-interviewcases.aspx

Global Legal Careers Guidebook 43

CONSULTING

APPLICATION REQUIREMENTS

P R IC EWAT E R CO O P E R (PWC ) Location: Over 158 countries Area: Consultancy Website: https://www.pwc.com.au/

OVERVIEW

GRADUATE OPPORTUNITY

PwC has offices across 158 countries with more than 236,000 people committed to delivering quality in assurance, advisory and tax services. PwC works across many industries, including energy, technology, government, entertainment, healthcare, defense and more. PwC is committed to being a part of building prosperity by helping solve Australia, and the world’s, most important large scale, societal problems. PwC strives to challenge the status quo, connect a diverse range of stakeholders and work alongside alliances new and old to drive innovation and disrupt the systems, processes and policies underpinning these agendas. Their goal is to create meaningful, genuine, positive change for the communities in which we live and work, and for their clients.

PwC also offers graduate opportunities in its legal and other departments. Applications for all areas including legal, consulting, technology, assurance and deals, operate through a general ‘graduate program’.

P wC’s Legal practice PwC’s Legal practice includes over 2,500 lawyers over 80 countries, giving them the broadest geographic coverage of any legal services network. PwC provides legal services to external clients independently and in conjunction with other teams in the firm (such as tax, consulting, assurance and deals). With such a large and globally connected practice, PwC provides unexpected opportunities and challenges that encourage growth.

PwC structures and manages transactions from start to finish with the aim of navigating todays complex legal requirements with a forwardlooking edge within broader business needs.

OPPORTUNITIES IN AUSTRALIA LEGAL CLERKSHIP PwC offers a legal clerkship program in Melbourne and Sydney during the summer tailored specifically to law students. The clerkships generally run for 6 weeks between November and January and are paid positions. Summer clerks support the team through legal research, document management, client and team liaison and maintenance of legal precedents. They are also assigned a buddy to help them settle into the firm, and a coach and partner who will support their career development.

Typical tasks for a clerks include: ++ Performing legal and factual research ++ Drafting and summarising legal documents with strong attention to detail ++ Checking legal forms and documents for accuracy ++ Preparing daily correspondence including drafting letters and various legal documents ++ Performing records research ++ Preparing written reports ++ Organising and tracking case files ++ Recording notes of client meetings and conferences Key Dates: Sydney - open 18 June 2018 and close 15 July 2018 Melbourne - open 9 July 2018 and close 12 August 2018 Perth - open 16 July 2018 and close 5 August 2018 Who is eligible: Open to Law students in their penultimate or final year. You must possess full-time working rights in Australia (this includes international students who fulfill the requirements noted under the graduate program).

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From your first day in the graduate program you’ll be challenged by the work you do and supported by an innovative environment where all ideas are welcomed and teamwork is paramount. You’ll address real-life challenges and opportunities that face the community and encouraged to bring your ideas to the table. Through this opportunity you’ll tackle challenges currently redefining the world as we know it.

The legal department is a rapidly expanding area that works to deliver a broad range of legal services.

As a graduate in the legal team, you’ll obtain invaluable exposure to the fundamentals of Corporate and Commercial law including M&A, private equity, equity capital markets, joint ventures, group restructures and corporate governance work. You’ll be involved in researching and drafting tasks, working alongside senior lawyers at PwC to engage with clients and deliver quality outcomes. You will also have the chance to experience work rotations between teams in the following areas, seeing first-hand what PwC achieves across them: ++ Corporate Advisory ++ Regulatory ++ Projects & Finance ++ Employment & Workplace Relations ++ Taxation Services As a graduate lawyer you’ll assist in delivering a broad range of legal services to external clients independently and working in conjunction with other teams in the firm.

Key Dates Graduate legal positions open alongside the NSW and Victorian Society timelines.

Melbourne - Open 10 August 2018, close 26 August 2018. Priority offers made 7-8 August and market offers made 8 October 2018 Sydney - Open 5 March 2018, close 15 April 2018. Offers made 8 June.

To be eligible for the Graduate program you’ll need to: ++ Be in your final year of the JD or have completed the JD. ++ Possess full-time working rights in Australia. International students will need to submit either one of the following: IELTS, OET, TOEFL, iBT, PTE or CAE. International Students will also need to submit their visa notice, and meet the minimum requirements as set out by the Australian Department of Immigration.

NON-LEGAL PATHWAYS PwC also offers a general vacation programme for those interested in non-legal pathways.

For more information on both programs, visit https://www.pwc.com. au/careers/student-careers.html.

Applications open in line with the NSW and Victoria Law Society time lines. The application process involves: 1. Applying online and completing the online form (you don’t need a CV) 2. Completing an online aptitude test 3. Recording a video interview 4. Attending an assessment centre (held alongside NSW and Victoria Law Society time lines) For graduate programs this is called the ‘Career Jam’.

5. Academic transcripts will be requested upon successfully

I N T E R N AT I O N A L I N T E L L ECT UA L P R O P E RT Y I N ST I T U T E Location: Washington DC Area: Intellectual property Website: http://iipi.org

reaching the final stage of assessment to verify your degree.

What does P wC look for in a candidate: PwC looks for interns that reflect the five attributes of the PwC Professional framework: ++ Whole leadership - the ability to lead, make a difference, and deliver results ++ Relationships - Ability to build genuine, trust-based relationships ++ Business acumen - the ability to bring business knowledge and awareness ++ Technical capabilities which create value for clients and PwC ++ Global acumen, transcending boundaries of geography, race, politics and culture

GLOBAL OPPORTUNITIES Working at PwC, you have the opportunity to undertake short or long term international assignments to PwC’s offices around the world, and travelling overseas to visit global clients.

Once you are an experienced professional, or already working in PwC’s global network, you have the opportunity to move to PwC offices around the world, provided you meet the requirements including having a valid visa and relevant working rights.

OFFICE LOCATIONS PwC is one of the leading professional services networks in the world, with offices in over 158 countries and more than 236,000 people. ++ Australia (Melbourne, Perth, Sydney, Adelaide, Canberra, Brisbane, Gold Coast) ++ Africa (Algeria, Angola, Botswana, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Chad, Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritius, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Rwanda, Senegal, South Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania, Tunisia, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe) ++ United States, Canada, Americas (Antigua, Argentina, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, Bermuda, BES Islands, Bolivia, Brazil, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Central America, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Dutch Caribbean, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Trinidad and Tobago, Uruguay, Venezuela) ++ Asia Pacific (Cambodia, China, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Laos, Macau, Malaysia, Maldives, Myanmar, New Caledonia, New Zealand, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam) ++ Eurasia (Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Mongolia) ++ Europe (Albania, Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Channel Islands, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Gibraltar, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Isle of Man, Italy, Kosovo, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Macedonia, Malta, Moldova, Monaco, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, Ukraine, United Kingdom) ++ Middle East (Bahrain, Egypt, Iraq, Israel, Jordon, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Middle East region, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, West Bank & Gaza)

BACKGROUND Since 1998, the International Intellectual Property Institute (IIPI) has been the foremost organization for providing education and guidance about intellectual property rights to leaders and innovators in developing countries.

The nonprofit organization has worked with nations to create jobs and increase competitiveness through the use of IP rights. IIPI has also helped stem the tide of counterfeit goods into the US and reduce patent infringement and unfair competition.

The IIPO works to cultivate innovation economies and reduce piracy and counterfeiting around the globe by conducting workshops, handson training programs, educational events, and in-depth research for public and private stakeholders. Their goal is to demystify IP rights, build markets for technology-intensive products and services, provide guidance on using IP rights effectively and create opportunities for the economically disadvantaged to harness their creativity and innovation.

OPPORTUNITIES The IIPI is continually seeking law students and graduates for internships and fellowships. Positions are available for the fall, spring and summer semesters (North American calendar) in their office in Washington, D.C. Fellows and interns gain experience in all aspects of our organization and have the opportunity to work closely with a variety of experts in intellectual property and international development. Internships are unpaid, but IIPI offers a flexible schedule and will work with institutions of higher education to provide course credit.

APPLICATION REQUIREMENTS Interested students should send the following to snilon@iipi.org: ++ cover letter including a preferred start date and weekly; availability, ++ resume; and ++ short writing sample.

Applications will be considered on a rolling basis.

For more information See: http://iipi.org/2010/07/fellowships-internships/

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CONSULTING

APPLICATION REQUIREMENTS

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Global Legal Careers Guidebook 47

PUBLIC

PUBLIC LAW & GOVERNANCE: NGO’S & NFP

ADVO CACY FO R U M ( N EPA L )

Location: Kathmandu Area: Advocacy Website: http:// advocacyforum.org/

A F R I CA M I D D L E E AST R E F UG E E AS S I STA N C E (A M E RA) I N T E R N AT I O N A L Location: United Kingdom Area: Refugee law Website: http://www. amerainternational.org/

BACKGROUND

BACKGROUND

Advocacy Forum (AF) is a lawyers forum for human rights and the rule of law. AF is a non-profit, non-governmental organization that works to promote the rule of law and uphold international human rights.

Since its establishment in 2001, AF has been on the forefront of human rights advocacy in Nepal. AF’s mission is to combat the culture of impunity by promoting the rule of law and promoting accountability for human rights violations. AF seeks to tackle these issues through a multitude of activities, including capacity development of the victims themselves, legal aid and high level policy advocacy.

AMERA is a UK charity formed in 2003 to help provide pro bono legal aid to refugees in countries where these services are non-existent or limited. In particular, it focuses on situations where adequate legal representation may assist refugees in actualizing their rights. AMERA seeks to achieve this by assisting and encouraging NGOs and law firms across the world to offer pro bono legal advice and services on asylum determination, settlement, family reunification and other legal issues commonly faced by refugees. AMERA also promotes and advances education for paralegals and lawyers on migration and refugee law.

INTERNSHIP

AMERA’s underlying goal is to improve legal services for refugees by promoting the use of technological tools. In particular, the charity employs the Refugee Information Processing System (RIPS) to standardise case management and create a secure repository of information to assist asylum seekers and legal teams.

AF offers the opportunity to international students to volunteer/ intern at their office in Kathmandu. They offer both paid and unpaid positions. Interns will work for 3 to 6 months in a designated department under the supervision of a staff member. They will undertake various tasks determined by the abilities of the intern and the needs of the organization.

APPLICATION REQUIREMENTS To apply for this opportunity, visit http://advocacyforum.org/workwith-us/internships.php. To apply you must submit the application form in one of four ways: ++ in person at the Kathmandu office, ++ mailing it to the Kathmandu office; ++ emailing it to info@advocacyforum.org.np; or ++ Filling in the Online Internship Form on the same website (Highly recommended) The application form requires detailing: ++ previous experience; ++ availability; ++ your preferred department; ++ answers to questions about your interest; and ++ qualifications for the role.

Deadline: N/A; offered on rolling basis.

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OPPORTUNITIES Many of AMERA’s services rely on the work supplied through their volunteer internship programme. To get involved in this programme, AMERA asks that students get in touch directly to learn more about available opportunities and how they can help.

For more information and contact details, visit http://www. amerainternational.org/.

Deadline: N/A; offered on rolling basis.

A M N EST Y INTER N AT IO N A L Location: Asia, Australia, Africa, Europe, Central America, South America, North America, the Middle East.

Area: Human Rights Website: https://www.

C E N T E R FO R J UST I C E A N D ACCO UN TA B I L I TY Location: San Francisco Area: Human Rights Website: https://cja.org

BACKGROUND

BACKGROUND

Amnesty International is a global movement of people committed to promoting and protecting human rights. The organisation has a vision of a world in which every person enjoys all of the rights stated in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and in other international human rights standards. Amnesty International exposes human rights abuses and petitions to end them through advocacy, mobilising members and providing support to those pressuring governments to take action.

The Center for Justice and Accountability (‘CJA’) is a United Statesbased human rights law organisation that works in the areas of litigation, transitional justice, and domestic policy to pursue criminal human rights cases and deter torture, war crimes, crimes against humanity and other severe human rights abuses around the world through litigation, policy advocacy and outreach in pursuit of truth, justice and redress for victims and survivors. Through criminal and civil litigation, CJA works to create a record of truth and refine human rights jurisprudence, while promoting the principles of universal jurisdiction and the rule of law.

OPPORTUNITIES INTERNSHIP

Working with Amnesty International could involve directing one of their many campaigns, including regulation of the global sale of weapons, indigenous rights or refugee rights in Australia. As a large multinational organisation, Amnesty also requires competent employees in HR, management, governance, marketing and fundraising.

Internship opportunities are also made available on an as needs basis. Opportunities for internships often exist in the Legal and Government Relations teams, as well as the following: Media and Public Relations, Finance, Activism, Community Campaigns, Casework, and Administration.

For internship availabilities check: https://www.amnesty.org.

Please note that all internships are voluntary and there is no monetary allowance, remuneration or financial assistance for the cost of travel, accommodation or visa applications.

VOLUNTEER

Beyond the internship program, Amnesty International also has a strong volunteer program, which provides more opportunities for young people interested in getting involved with social justice and human rights-based advocacy work. The Amnesty International website is regularly updated with new volunteer opportunities.

INTERNATIONAL GRADUATE POSITIONS For the latest career opportunities around the world, see Amnesty International’s careers board where you can also register for alerts: https://careers.amnesty.org.

APPLICATION REQUIREMENTS Interested applicants need to: ++ address the selection criteria listed in the advertisement; ++ attach a CV that demonstrates any relevant experience they may have; and ++ demonstrate a genuine interest in social justice and liberty and excellent communication skills.

Key dates: Placements are only offered for defined periods and run for defined length of time, and are often based around specific learning requirements and project outcomes.

INTERNSHIP

The work that interns do will depends greatly on case needs at the time of the internship, but you can expect that much of the work will involve legal research and writing Litigation-related legal research and writing pertaining to evidence, procedure and domestic law, more so than matters of international or human rights law. ++ Looking For: Second and third year students; exceptional first year students for the summer term. ++ Remuneration: Unpaid.

Key dates ++ Time Period: Part-time and full-time internships during semester or over winter or summer. ++ Key Deadlines: Applications are received on a rolling basis.

Students are encouraged to apply as soon as possible.

Application Tips: ++ Foreign language capabilities are highly desired. ++ Familiarity with the areas of law described above (especially human rights law & evidence) ++ The role largely involves legal research and writing

APPLICATION PROCESS Email the following to intern@cja.org, with your name and the term which you are applying for in the subject line of the email.: ++ cover letter, ++ CV, ++ brief writing sample, and ++ academic transcript.

In your cover letter you must identify: 1. The term you are applying (US summer, winter etc); 2. Relevant study (especially evidence, advanced civil procedure, trial advocacy, international criminal law, international humanitarian law, human rights and immigration law) 3. Any language abilities 4. Any deadlines you need to meet to secure funding.

GRADUATE FELLOWSHIP CJA also offers Legal Fellowships at the San Francisco office. This gives entry-level lawyers the opportunity to work for 1-2 years as a junior staff attorney. Ideal candidates are third-year law students, judicial clerks, U.S. LLM students, or recent law graduates with a demonstrated interest in international human rights law or international criminal law.

To apply email jobs@cja.org, with ‘Legal Fellow’ as the subject line: ++ Cover letter addressing your goals, interests in the position, and potential funding sources and relevant deadlines, ++ Resume, ++ Law school transcript, and ++ 3 professional references Deadline: N/A; Applications are accepted and reviewed on a rollingbasis.

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PUBLIC

amnesty.org.

EQUA L JU ST IC E INIT IAT IV E ( EJI) Location: Montgomery (Alabama, United States) Area: Criminal law and procedure; death penalty law; constitutional law; civil rights law; habeas corpus; appellate practice and procedure.

Website: www.eji.org

G LO BA L P O L I CY FO RU M (G P F ) Location: New York (United States), Bonn (Germany) Area: International policy and development Website: www.globalpolicy.org

OVERVIEW

BACKGROUND

The Equal Justice Initiative (EJI) is a non-profit committed to ending mass incarceration and excessive punishment in the United States, challenging racial and economic injustice, and protecting basic human rights for the most vulnerable Americans. The EJI produces reports, an award-winning wall calendar, and short films that explore racial injustice in the US. It recently launched an ambitious national effort to create new spaces, markers, and memorials addressing the legacy of slavery, lynching, and racial segregation – all part of EJI’s commitment to changing the narrative about race in America. The EJI also provides research and recommendations to assist advocates and policymakers in criminal justice reform.

Global Policy Forum (GPF) is an independent policy watchdog that monitors the work of the United Nations, scrutinises global policymaking, promotes accountability and citizen participation in decisions on peace and security, social justice and international law. GPF analyses deep and persistent structures of power, dissects rapidly-emerging issues and crises, and challenges mainstream thinking and questions conventional wisdom. GPF’s website is the organisation’s major outreach vehicle and one of the largest in the global policy field.

INTERNSHIP OPPORTUNITIES

EJI offers two unpaid opportunities for students, differentiated by the students level of experience. The content of these roles include working with EJI attorneys. Legal research, and drafting memoranda, pleadings, and briefs for litigation in both state and federal court.

SEMESTER EXTERNSHIP

Who EJI is looking for: Any year-level law student may apply.

Key dates: ++ Time Period: 10 weeks during the U.S. Fall and Spring terms. ++ Deadline: N/A; applications and deadlines are on a rolling basis.

How to Apply: Email Jennifer Taylor (jytalor@eji.org) a letter of interest and CV.

SUMMER LEGAL CLERKSHIP

Who EJI is looking for: First and second-year law students.

Key dates ++ Time Period: 10 weeks over the Summer period. ++ Deadlines: For Summer 2019, apply between October 1, 2018 and January 1, 2019. Earlier applications are more successful.

Application Tips: ++ Foreign language capabilities will raise the standard of your application. Particularly prized languages include Spanish; French; Arabic; Farsi; and South East Asian languages. ++ Familiarity with human rights law and evidence is preferred.

How to Apply: Email the following to intern@cja.org, with your name and the term which you are applying for in the subject line of the email: your cover letter, CV, and academic transcript.

For more information on internship opportunities: http://cja.org/getinvolved/legal-internships/

CAREER OPPORTUNITIES In 2017, two fully-funded legal fellowships with benefits were offered to graduates in Fall 2018. EJI seeks graduates ++ with strong advocacy skills; ++ who are highly motivated, hard-working, and embrace their mission and program goals enthusiastically; EJI has a strong commitment to diversity and especially encourages people historically underrepresented in the practice of law to apply.

How to apply: Send the following to John Dalton at jdalton@eji. org: a letter of interest; and your CV Key dates: For information on fellowships in 2019, check EJI’s website from 1st August 2018 onwards: https://eji.org/legal-fellowship

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INTERNSHIP OPPORTUNITIES

GPF offers one full-time three-month, unpaid internship in their GPF Europe office in Bonn, Germany.

The role: In the role, interns have the opportunity to ++ work on various projects, including international development policy, 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and its implementation; financing development/international tax policy/tax justice; corporate accountability and corporate influence on international processes. ++ prepare background information on international policy processes, participate in preparing workshops,conferences, writing articles and working papers, ++ work in close cooperation with the director of GPF’s European office and in collaboration with the GPF in New York, with other German and European NGOs and international NGO networks.

Requirements to apply: Applicants must ++ be enrolled at an academic institution. ++ have excellent English and German language skills Key dates ++ Time Period: Full-time three-month internship. ++ Deadline: The next internship is for September 2018. Check their website for updates: https://www.globalpolicy.org/ internships.html Application Tips: ++ Applicants with a background in political science, international law, or international public policy studies are encouraged to apply, but students from outside those fields are also considered. ++ International experience is considered. ++ A progressive, egalitarian and global outlook is more important than academic merit. ++ Social commitment is valued more highly than grades. ++ GPF looks for highly talented individuals able to do serious and critical thinking but who are also ready to do more ordinary tasks with a spirit of enthusiasm and cooperation. ++ GPF strongly values those who have shown the most active engagement on policy issues parallel to the organisation’s interests.

How to Apply: Submit the following to Europe@globalpolicy.org in English or German: ++ a cover letter, ++ CV, and ++ short piece of writing e.g. a course paper showing your writing skills GPF outlines the key application steps here: https://www.globalpolicy. org/internships/internship-application.html

GLO BAL P UB L I C P O L I CY IN ST I T UT E (G P P I )

BACKGROUND

GRADUATE OPPORTUNITIES

The Global Public Policy Institute (GPPi) is an independent non-profit think tank based in Berlin. Its mission is to improve global governance through research, policy advice and debate. Founded in 2003, GPPi analyses global affairs; partners with leading universities and research institutions for research projects on global issues; and consults with clients from the public sector including the United Nations, the European Commission and national governments.

The following are the three ways you can apply for graduate opportunities at GPPi, as presented on their website (http://www. gppi.net/about/jobs-internships).

INTERNSHIP OPPORTUNITIES GPPi runs a small, highly selective internship program in Berlin, Germany that matches the qualifications and interests of the intern with research, advisory and dialogue projects to which they can contribute most. Working with GPPi provides challenging and intellectually stimulating opportunities to address some of the most pressing global policy challenges of our time through research, policy advice, and dialogue. ++ International applicants are encouraged. ++ Time Period: 6 weeks full-time or, 10 weeks part-time ++ Remuneration: GPPi can pay €250/month for living expenses for those without a scholarship for the internship.

Key dates: There are four areas that GPPi interns contribute to.

These run at different times of the year. ++ Rising Powers: Accepting applications for mid-July 2018 and beyond ++ Peace and Security: Accepting applications for May 2018 and beyond ++ Human Rights: Accepting application for March 2018 and beyond ++ Data and Technology Politics: Accepting applications for August 2018 and beyond Requirements: ++ Current students interested in gaining first-hand experience in public policy research and consulting. ++ Willingness to organise own visa if required. GPPi provides a letter of invitation and contract to support this process.

Preferred attributes: Candidates must be highly motivated to work in a demanding environment that requires ++ Strong research and analysis skills ++ Excellent English oral and written communication ++ Strong project management and teamwork skills. ++ Outstanding background in social sciences, law, etc ++ Interest in and familiarity with relevant issues of global governance and the key players in the field ++ Excellence through grades and/or scholarships ++ Demonstrated initiative, engagement and entrepreneurial spirit ++ International experience ++ Knowledge of German (or other languages, eg.g Mandarin, Spanish, Portuguese, Hindi, Arabic, Turkish, Russian, and French) is an asset.

1: APPLY FOR AN OPEN VACANCY GPPi recruits for specific positions for particular research, advisory or dialogue projects. Whenever such vacancies arise, they are advertised on the GPPi’s website noted above.

GPPi also post vacancies through IB Liste, a list server to which you can subscribe by sending a blank message to ib-liste-subscribe@ yahoogroups.de, and other online platforms.

2: SUGGEST YOUR OWN PROJECT GPPi strives to do innovative, policy-relevant work, and welcomes proposals from entrepreneurial and self-driven individuals to develop cutting-edge research (e.g. in the context of a PhD or Post-Doc project), advisory or dialogue agendas that fit the issue areas they work on. While GPPi is purely project-funded and cannot usually provide start-up grants for new projects, they can provide an attractive platform for innovative researchers and help with securing funding for new projects. GPPi can also act as host institutions for grants. Suggestions or proposals which are directly or closely related to GPPi’s work can be submitted to gppi@gppi.net. It is recommend that you submit early and keep in mind that GPPi can only accept inquiries up to 1 month before the deadline.

3: CONTACT GPPI GPPi are always interested in getting to know talented people with an interest in their research, advisory and dialogue work. If you are interested in GPPi’s work and think your profile fits well with GPPi, you should send the following to gppi@gppi.net: ++ your CV; and ++ a short cover letter.

There might not be an open vacancy, but knowing each other is often the first step to working together.

How to Apply: 1. Send an email to gppi@gppi.net and include a copy of your CV with the following: »» a brief statement of purpose outlining what you expect from an internship and what you would bring to GPPi. »» your desired time period and hours.

2. Shortlisted candidates will be asked for writing samples.

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PUBLIC

Location: Berlin (Germany) Area: Global governance, policy and foreign affairs Website: http://www.gppi.net/home/

H U MAN R IGH T S FIR ST

Location: New York, Washington DC. Houston (Texas), Los Angeles Area: Human Rights Website: https://www. humanrightsfirst.org

HUM A N R I G HT S WATC H Location: London, New York, Amsterdam, Paris, Sydney, Washington DC, Berlin, Brussels, Chicago, Geneva, Johannesburg, Los Angeles, Nairobi, San Francisco, Tokyo, Toronto, Washington D.C. and Zurich.

Area: Human Rights Website: https://careers.hrw.org/

BACKGROUND

BACKGROUND

Human Rights First (HRF) is a non-profit, non-partisan international human rights advocacy organisation based in New York, Washington D.C. and Houston. The organisation focuses on protecting the rights of refugees, supporting human rights defenders around the world, and pressing for the US government’s full participation in the international human rights system. Its work covers a vast array of areas, including business and human rights; internet freedom and privacy; and refugee protection.

Human Rights Watch (‘HRW’) is an NGO which operates in countries all over the world to defend individuals human rights. Human Rights Watch’s activities include advocacy, research and reporting, including the use of media to highlight human rights abuses and issues. Human Rights Watch focuses on independent reporting and ethical factfinding regarding potential human rights abuses, and reports findings in a manner that will have a high-level of impact and change to the practises of human rights abusers.

OPPORTUNITIES

OPPORTUNITIES

LEGAL INTERNSHIPS

Human Rights Watch offers internships and fellowships for recent graduates at many different offices. All opportunities are advertised on their website at https://careers.hrw.org/.

HRF offers unpaid internship opportunities, which are advertised via the Human Rights First Careers page (https://www.humanrightsfirst. org/careers).

HRF’s Refugee Protection program offers legal internship opportunities during US fall, spring and summer. Duties may include: ++ Helping conduct client screening and intake interviews ++ Performing extensive research regarding the human rights conditions in countries around the world; and ++ Helping with the analysis of potential asylum claims ++ Travelling to area immigration detention centers to assist with intake interviews of potential asylum clients ++ Help with identifying, analysing and responding to legal or procedural changes that affect asylum seekers, including statutory changes, proposed regulations, and decisions from federal courts or the Board of Immigration Appeals To apply you must: ++ Be a law student currently enrolled in a US-based institution (ie. its not enough to be enrolled at Melbourne Law School) ++ Have a sense of compassion, empathy and humour, ++ Have a demonstrated interest in human rights, asylum, and immigration issues (experience preferred but not required) ++ Excellent writing, editing, communication and research skills; ++ Fluency in a second language preferred ++ Be able to handle several tasks at once while working independently or as a member of a team.

NON-LEGAL INTERNSHIPS Human Rights First also offers non-legal internships. Duties include: ++ Drafting and editing documents; ++ Updating and maintaining databases; ++ Monitoring news and researching country conditions; ++ Other duties and special projects as assigned To apply you must: ++ Be enrolled in or recently graduated from a university. It appears this does not need to be a US university; ++ Be fluent in Spanish ++ Have excellent writing, editing and research skills, ++ Possess a strong attention to detail ++ Have a background in human rights ++ Be enthusiastic and have initiative

APPLICATION PROCESS: Apply at humanrightsfirst.org/careers, and submit (in PDF form): ++ Cover letter; ++ Resume; and ++ A short writing sample Deadline: N/A; offered on rolling basis until positions filled.

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INTERNSHIPS AND FELLOWSHIPS Internship and fellowship programs provide extensive training with hands-on experience for starting human rights activists. In these programs your duties are wide ranging and include event planning, data analysis, advocacy for victims of human rights violations and assisting researchers.

Internships are usually voluntary. The opportunities available, time period and other specifications are specific to each office.

GRADUATE OPPORTUNITIES As a graduate, you can employ your legal training at various Human Rights Watch offices around the world in various positions,.

Early Career positions including Associate and Coordinator Professional/Managerial positions include: ++ Associate Director ++ Consultant ++ Researcher ++ Officer ++ Officer, Law and Tech Policy (Paralegal)

APPLICATION REQUIREMENTS Human Rights Watch is looking for candidates that are passionate about human rights and who are determined to make an impact on people’s lives around the world.

Key dates: Application dates and requirements vary depending on the office where the internship is located. Look to the opportunity advertisement for specific details.

Location: Russia, Kazakhstan, Pakistan, India, Myanmar, Lao, Thailand, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Kenya, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe, South Africa, Geneva.

Area: Human Rights; Rule of Law Website: https://www.icj.org

I N T E R N AT I O N A L CO M M I S S I O N O F T RA N S I T I O N A L J UST I C E Location: Headquarters in New York.

Other offices: Cote d’Ivoire, Lebanon, Columbia, Belgium, Uganda, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Kenya & Tunisia Area: Transitional justice, human rights Website: https://www.ictj.org/

BACKGROUND

BACKGROUND

The International Commission of Jurists (‘ICJ’) upholds and protects human rights through the Rule of Law. The ICJ uses its unique legal expertise to improve and strengthen national and international justice systems. Established in 1952, the ICJ seeks to ensure the separation of powers, the independence of the judiciary, the progressive development and effective implementation of international human rights and humanitarian law, and secure the realisation of cultural, civil, economic, social and political rights.

The International Center for Transitional Justice (‘ICTJ’) is an international non-profit organisation, which specialises in the field of transitional justice. The ICTJ seeks to assist victims and societies across the world in transition, address legacies of massive human rights violations, and build civic trust in state institutions, and work to prevent atrocities from happening again. This involves advising state institutions and policymakers at a local, national and international level, working with victims’ groups and communities, and researching, analyzing and reporting on transitional justice developments worldwide.

INTERNSHIP Internships at the ICJ are available for students interested in acquiring practical human rights and advocacy experience. Legal and non-legal positions for all of the ICJ’s programs and projects are offered on a rolling basis. The number of positions depends on the resources available at the ICJ. For non-EU/EFTA citizens, internships run for 4 to 12 months, whilst for EU/EFTA nationals it’s 6 to 12 months. Interns are responsible for covering the costs of relocation, accommodation, etc. However, the ICJ will take steps to facilitate obtaining a work permit and visa and cover the administrative costs.

As an Intern at the ICJ, you’ll be integrated into the ICJ’s junior support staff who contribute to and participate in staff meetings and briefing sessions, research human rights issues, draft papers and reports, maintain information databases, and provide general administrative support.

APPLICATION REQUIREMENTS

The ICJ looks for intern applicants who possess the following qualities: ++ a postgraduate student or currently completing a postgraduate degree in law, political science, international relations or a related field. Priority is given to graduates who have or are studying law, especially human rights or international law; ++ highly dedicated to the legal protection and promotion of human rights; ++ well-organised, strong research, analytical and drafting skills, and able to work independently; ++ computer literate and familiar with internet research; ++ highly motivated, able to work as part of a multicultural team and willing to apply yourself in a pressurised environment; and ++ fluent in spoken and written English. Fluency or knowledge of French and/or another foreign language is desirable.

To apply send the following to recruitment@icj.org: ++ a resume; ++ cover letter; and ++ names and contact details of at least two referees.

Only short-listed candidates will be contacted. If you are successful you must also fulfill the visa and health insurance requirements outlined on the page on Switzerland.

Deadline: N/A rolling basis.

GRADUATE POSITIONS

As a law graduate, there are various employment opportunities available to you at ICJ offices across the world. Such positions include Research Assistant, Consultant Legal Researcher, and Legal Advisor.

“I have seen ICTJ do admirable work to establish clarity about past violations, to advance the broadest possible consensus about the truth of crimes committed and help victims seek justice and reparations” (Zeid Ra’ad Al Hussein, UN High Commissioner for Human Rights)

INTERNSHIPS Internships are offered year-round and designed to give students a rich learning environment while providing them with practical experience working in the non-profit sector. Projects vary by department, but generally include administrative, analytical, research and special project support. Interns are required to attend weekly discussions hosted by heads of each unit, and have the opportunity to participate in roundtable discussions with ICTJ President David Tolbert.

The internship is unpaid and interns are expected to commit to volunteer approximately 10-12 hours per week for a period of 12 weeks. Both current students and graduates are eligible to apply.

For more information visit: https://www.ictj.org/careers/applicationguidelines-internships for more information and to find a listing of current internship opportunities.

APPLICATION REQUIREMENTS Please email the following to internships@ictj.org, with the semester (e.g. Summer 2018) and department you are applying to in the subject line: ++ a cover letter, ++ resume, and ++ brief writing sample (3-5 pages).

Who can apply? ++ Current students and graduates ++ Only those who are authorised to work in the United States (ie. you must obtain a work visa) Deadline: N/A; Applications are accepted and reviewed on a rollingbasis.

GRADUATE POSITIONS Availabilities for graduate positions are advertised on the ICTJ’s careers portal (https://www.ictj.org/careers).

Deadline and openings: Deadlines depend on the specific position, so check the job portal (https://www.icj.org/about/jobs/).

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PUBLIC

INT ER N AT IO N A L COM M IS S IO N O F JU R IST S

THE IN T ER N AT IO N A L JUSTIC E P R OJECT

Location: Newark, New Jersey, United States Area: Human Rights Website: http://www.

internationaljusticeproject.com

I N T E R N AT I O N A L I N ST I T UT E O F HUM A N I TA R I A N L AW (I I HL ) Location: San Remo (Italy) Area: Humanitarian Law Website: http://stage.iihl.org

BACKGROUND

BACKGROUND

The International Justice Project (‘IJP’) is an independent, non-partisan organisation based in Newark, New Jersey. The IJP seeks to promote human rights through the rule of law, and provide holistic support to victims of crimes against humanity, genocide and war crimes.

The IJP has four key areas of work: casework, advocacy, training and programs. In its work, the IJP cooperates with various partners from different sectors, including academic institutions, activists, governments, international organisations, health professionals, lawyers, non-governmental organisations, psychologists, students, and the private sector.

The IIHL is an independent, not for profit humanitarian organization, founded in 1970 in San Remo, Italy. IIHL’s central goal is to promote humanitarian law, primarily by organising courses teaching, training and advanced studies in the fields of international humanitarian law, human rights and refugee law.

The IJP aims to ensure that the voices of survivors are heard at all levels, especially at the International Criminal Court (‘ICC’). To achieve this, they promote victims’ rights at the ICC and other international tribunals, advance the rights of the Darfuri Diaspora in the United States and abroad, advocate for the end of impunity and hold perpetrators of international crimes accountable.

INTERNSHIP The IJP offers an unpaid internship in its Law and Policy division. It is open to current law students or recent law graduates. This position involves researching international criminal law, human rights law, and international humanitarian law to assist with the legal representation of clients at the ICC.

APPLICATION REQUIREMENTS IJP prefers that candidates have: ++ Knowledge of international law, human rights law, international criminal law, or a related field; and ++ Proven ability to work cross-culturally, especially with victims of trauma and/or mass atrocities.

To apply, please send the following in an email with the subject line “Law and Policy Internship” to ijp@ internationaljusticeproject.com: ++ Cover letter; ++ Resume; and ++ Writing sample Deadline: N/A; offered on rolling basis until positions filled.

Typically the IJP will call for applications for internships in spring (Australian autumn) and summer (Australian winter). The IJP also offers a variety of other internships throughout the year, so please check their website regularly for updates at http://www. internationaljusticeproject.com/getinvolved/careers

The IIHL also works to promote dialogue that fosters better respect and implementation of international law, and organizes international conferences, meetings and seminars with scholars and practitioners in the field of humanitarian law. The IIHL has earned an international reputation as a centre of excellence in the field of training, research, and dissemination of all aspects of international humanitarian law.

OPPORTUNITIES The IIHL offers students and recent graduates interested in the fields of international humanitarian law, human rights, refugee law, migration law, international relations and all related disciplines the opportunity to intern at their headquarters in San Remo and Geneva Liaison Office.

INTERNSHIP Interns will assist the Institute in planning and executing its various activities. Internships must be at minimum four months long and are given on an ad-hoc basis depending on the needs of the Institute at the time.

Application Requirements Interested students can find more information on the programme and apply by visiting http://stage.iihl.org/internships/, downloading and completing an application form, and emailing it and a CV to Mr. Gian Luca Beruto at gianluca@iihl.org.

Deadline: N/A; offered on a rolling basis

TRAINING OPPORTUNITIES IIHL also offers various training opportunities, including: ++ International Humanitarian Law (LOAC) courses on various areas of law including Air and Space Operations Law, Naval Operations, Detention, Peace Support, Non-International Armed Conflicts, Rules of Engagement ++ Summer course on IHL ++ International Refugee Course in English, French, Spanish, and Arabic) with the option of a pilot course on Statelessness ++ International Disaster Law ++ International Migration Law ++ Law of Internal Displacement ++ Diploma on International Humanitarian Law For more information on these visit the IIHL’s website (http://stage. iihl.org).

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Location: New York and Geneva Area: Human Rights Website: http://www.ishr.ch/

BACKGROUND The International Service for Human Rights (‘ISHR’) was established in 1984. Since that time, the ISHR has worked with other NGOs and the United Nations to fortify human rights legal structures and assist human rights defenders. This is done by supporting activists, strengthening legal systems regarding human rights, and building connections between human rights organisations to strengthen campaigns for human rights protection.

INTERNSHIP The ISHR accepts applications for unpaid four-month long internships throughout the year in the Programme and Operations team at their Geneva and New York offices.

An ISHR internship offers a unique opportunity to learn about the workings of the international human rights system and the functioning of a human rights NGO. An internship will increase your understanding of current human rights issues at the international, regional and national levels. It will also enable you to develop your skills and competencies for future employment in the human rights sector.

APPLICATION REQUIREMENTS

L AWY E R S WI T HO U T BORDERS Location: New Haven, Connecticut and Washington DC(USA) Area: Human Rights and the death penalty Website: http://www. lawyerswithoutborders.org/

BACKGROUND Lawyers Without Borders (‘LWOB’) is an international non-profit organisation founded in 2000, which operates from its central headquarters located in New Haven, Connecticut (USA). The organisation harnesses the pro bono work of lawyers from across the world to protect the integrity of the legal process and serve the under-served. It seeks to fulfill this mission through training lawyers and judges in trials and advocacy, cultivating lawyer skills, to create effective strategies in the human rights development sector, assist in conflict scenarios and detention facilities and assist developing regions emerging from conflict. Themes of work undertaken at Lawyers Without Borders include gender-based and domestic violence, corruption, human trafficking, and economic empowerment to drive access to justice.

INTERNSHIPS

Internships in the New Haven, CT office or the Washington D.C. office are available in winter, spring, summer and fall (semesters broken up according to the North American academic calendar), as well as a one month term available in January. Interns who apply for the spring or fall periods will be required to work two days per week, whilst summer interns are required to work full-time for a minimum of six weeks.

APPLICATION REQUIREMENTS

Human Rights Defenders Internship (New York) The ISHR Human Rights Defenders internship offers a unique opportunity to view the United Nations human rights system at work in New York. It provides hands-on experience working for an international non-governmental organisation (NGO) as well as the opportunity to contribute to our work supporting human rights defenders, strengthening human rights systems, building and leading human rights coalitions, and responding to significant and systemic situations of concern.

All internships are unpaid and typically are filled well before the start of the internship term so you are encouraged to apply early. Intern applicants should: ++ speak and write fluent English (2nd language fluency in Spanish, Arabic, Farsi and/or French, is a plus) ++ have a strong academic record and/or diverse international experience credentials ++ have a commitment to make a difference in the pro bono legal or human rights sectors work well in a team environment ++ work independently, take initiative and require minimal supervision ++ apply creative approaches to traditional subjects

Deadlines: ++ For Fall Internship (September - December): July 31 ++ For Spring Internship (January - May): December 8; ++ For Summer Internship (June - August): April 30.

To apply you must submit the following to internships@lwob.org: ++ A detailed CV/Resume (with names of references, proposed start and finish dates, and the information below); and ++ A cover letter.

To be considered, you should: ++ Be a US citizen or hold a US permit ++ Be a student or recent graduate studying law, or international relations. Graduates are preferred; ++ Be motivated to pursue a career in human rights and have a particular interest in the international and regional human rights systems, mechanisms and defenders; ++ Be able to report thoroughly and accurately on meetings; ++ Be flexible, self-motivated, able to work as a member of an international and multicultural team, and be willing to participate in a variety of tasks; ++ Have excellent written and oral communication skills in English. Knowledge of other languages is desirable

Your cover letter must include: ++ Fall and Spring: Proposed work schedule (Days and hours) ++ Acknowledgement that: you will be unpaid, theres no compensation for any associated costs, you understand a part of your internship may require performing tasks associated with LWOB in-house administration of international rule of law ++ [Summer Internships only]: that the commitment is for 8-10 continuous weeks

For current opportunities and their application requirements visit: http://www.ishr.ch/vacancies.

To apply, you must submit the following to internshipny@ishr.ch: ++ Cover letter; ++ Resume; ++ Writing sample.

Deadline: Applications are reviewed on a rolling basis at least 3 or more months before the start of the new internship term. Highly qualified applicants will be accepted on an “early admissions” basis.

If you do not receive an acceptance within two weeks of your application, you may assume you have been put in the regular pool for consideration and you may expect to get a decision up to 2-3 months before the summer internship begins, and one month before the fall, winter and spring internship start dates.

For more information visit the website or email internships@lwob.org at any time.

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PUBLIC

INT ER N AT IO N A L SERVIC E FO R HUM A N R IGH T S

L EGA L R ES O U R C ES CEN T R E ( L R C )

Location: Johannesburg (South Africa) Area: Human Rights law; public interest law Website: http://lrc.org.za/

LOWY I N ST I T UT E FO R I N T E R N AT I O N AL P O L I CY Location: Sydney (Australia) Area: Foreign affairs; public policy Website: www.lowyinstitute.org

BACKGROUND

BACKGROUND

The Legal Resources Centre (LRC) is a human rights organisation based in South Africa.

The Lowy Institute is an independent, nonpartisan international policy think tank. It hosts speeches by leading national and international figures and holds events and conferences to discuss key global issues.

It aims to deepen the international policy debate in Australia and to give Australia a greater voice on the international stage.

The LRC seeks creative and effective solutions by using a range of strategies, including impact litigation, law reform, participation in partnerships and development processes, education and networking within South Africa, the African continent and at the international level.

INTERNSHIP OPPORTUNITIES

The LRC accepts applications from students who have completed at least one year (preferably two years) of their legal or other studies.

Interns from outside South Africa are considered volunteers - they are not paid a stipend, or remunerated in any way. LRC does not provide any medical benefits or insurance to interns. Medical insurance and/ or travel insurance should be obtained prior to the intern’s departure for South Africa. ++ Content of Work: Legal interns will be exposed to legal research and litigation and will be expected to assist with drafting legal memoranda, providing legal opinions, interviewing clients and assisting the LRC in preparing applications and actions. ++ Time period: Between 8 weeks and 6 months. ++ Key Deadlines: Applications should be submitted at least six months before the time you hope to undertake your internship.

How to Apply: Send the following to interninfo@lrc.org.za: ++ Your CV; ++ A cover letter including: the regional office you would like to intern in; your available dates; and your citizenship status

INTERNSHIP OPPORTUNITIES

Internships are offered based on need. Check the Lowy website for updates: https://www.lowyinstitute.org/careers-and-internships

EAST ASIA PROGRAM INTERNSHIP Lowy offers an internship program, wherein interns assist the program’s Southeast Asia research fellow with research and events on Indonesia, Myanmar, and the US role in East Asia. Much of the work will involve collaborative, quick turn research on these subjects. There will also be an opportunity for interns to pursue their own research on an area to be determined in coordinator with the research fellow, and to publish the results of their research on the Lowy website.

Applicant Criteria: ++ Demonstrated keen interest in international economic issues ++ A strong academic background in economics and/or a related discipline such as finance, business, economy, or law ++ Numerate ++ Detail-oriented ++ Strong writing skills Key Dates: ++ Time Period: 2 ½ days per week starting late March, for a period of no more than 6 months. ++ Deadline: Applications will be considered on a rolling basis until 15 February.

Application Tips: The following qualities are preferable, though not required: ++ Demonstrated strong English research and writing skills ++ Familiarity with the politics of one or more of the countries of Southeast Asia, and with geostrategic issues in the region ++ Proficiency in Indonesian or Burmese or another Southeast Asian language How to Apply: Submit the following via the Lowy website (https:// www.lowyinstitute.org/internship-program-application-form): ++ your CV; ++ a cover letter; and ++ a 500 word blog post, and contact details for two referees.

GENERAL INTERNSHIPS Lowy’s internship program aims to connect talented international policy students and professionals with their research staff and programs.

Who can apply? ++ Those interested in contributing to Australian international policy, have excellent time management and administrative skills, think critically, write clearly, and capably manage independent research tasks. ++ Typically those enrolled in, or having completed, the final year of undergraduate studies, honours or postgraduate studies.

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M CCA B E C E N T R E FO R L AW A N D CA N C E R Location: Melbourne Area: International and domestic health law Website: http://www. mccabecentre.org

BACKGROUND

OPPORTUNITIES

The McCabe Centre for Law and Cancer is a Melbourne-based joint initiative between Cancer Council Victoria (CCV) and the Union for International Cancer Control (UICC).

INTERNSHIPS

In addition, it collaborates with non-governmental organisations, lawyers, legal academics, law schools and law students as well as governments and intergovernmental organisations. Its work spans diverse areas of domestic and international law including health law, consumer protection law, constitutional law, trade law, investment law, intellectual property law, drug control law and human rights law.

A large part of the Centre’s work focuses on the World Health Organisation’s Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO FCTC), performing the functions of a WHO FCTC Knowledge Hub on matters within its expertise and works on legal challenges to the implementation of the Convention.

The McCabe Centre also runs an Intensive Legal Training Program, aimed at enhancing how law can be used to prevent and control cancer and other non-communicable diseases (NCDs) particularly in the context of developing coherence between health, trade and investment laws, policies and sectors.

How to apply: These internships are offered in partnership with Melbourne Law School through the ‘Legal Internship’ subject. Alternatively, you can apply separately through the vacancies advertised on the Cancer Vic careers webpage (http://www.cancervic.org.au/about/careers).

The application process typically involves: ++ Submitting a cover letter addressing the selection criteria specific to the position and CV, and ++ Short listed candidates will then be interviewed by a panel of 2-3 McCabe Centre lawyers.

Deadline: N/A; offered on rolling basis.

GRADUATE POSITIONS Graduate positions at McCabe are available throughout the year.

These are advertised on the following sites: Law Institute of Victoria, Ethical Jobs, Seek, and Social Justice Opportunities Career Guide.

DESIRED QUALITIES McCabe is looking for individuals with the following qualities: ++ Excellent technical legal research, writing and analytic skills; ++ A demonstrated interest in cancer prevention, treatment, care and research (public health law and international law subjects and experience in legal policy, research, international law and public health are viewed favourably though not required); ++ An ability to communicate technical legal content to a variety of audiences; ++ Have right to work in Australia; ++ A non-smoker; ++ Willing to complete a satisfactory National Police Check.

For more information, visit http://www.mccabecentre.org.

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PUBLIC

The McCabe Centre conducts research, policy development, capacity building and advocacy with the aim of building greater capacity in Australia and globally in cancer prevention, treatment, supportive care and research.

The McCabe Centre offers both summer and winter internships.

Interns are primarily tasked with assisting the McCabe Centre’s legal policy advisors with legal and policy research.

REP R IEV E AU ST RA L IA Location: Asia, Europe, America (Louisiana, Texas, Arizona) Area: Human Rights and the death penalty Website: http://www.reprieve. org.au/

SAV E T HE C HI L D R E N Location: Australia, United States, various other countries Area: Childrens Rights Website: https://www. savethechildren.org

BACKGROUND

BACKGROUND

Reprieve Australia provides legal and humanitarian assistance to people facing the death penalty in the United States, and soon will also operate in Asia and Europe. The organisation works to raise awareness of the application of the death penalty by the state and associated human rights issues. Its key activities include investigation, litigation, education and legal support for prisoners who cannot afford representation.

Save the Children is the world’s largest independent child rights development organisation. The organisation works in approximately 120 countries and has 30 member organisations around the world including Save the Children Australia. Much of their work involves: ++ Providing lifesaving supplies and emotional support for children caught up in disasters like floods, famine and wars; ++ Protecting the world’s most vulnerable children, including those separated from their families because of war, natural disasters, extreme poverty and exploitation; and ++ Improving children’s access to the food and healthcare; securing a good quality education for children; ++ Working in the poorest countries to help families out of the poverty cycle, so they can feed and support their children; and ++ Campaigning for long-term change to improve the lives of children.

VOLUNTEER INTERNSHIPS Reprieve Australia has placed more than 100 volunteer interns with legal services in the US, where they provide legal and humanitarian help to those on death row for periods of three months or more.

Volunteer placements are available in Louisiana, Texas and Arizona, as well as Asia and Europe, and are subject to need at the time. In the volunteer placement, tasks may range from providing assistance at trial and performing legal research, to ferrying family members to death row to visit their loved one or photocopying and administrative support.

For more information on volunteer opportunities, including testimonials from former volunteers, visit http://www.reprieve.org. au/volunteer and download the overseas volunteer information pack.

APPLICATION REQUIREMENTS

Office locations: Australia, United States (Fairfield, Washington D.C, Seattle, San Francisco, Los Angeles), as well as remote offices (e.g. Puerto Rico, Bangladesh, Nigeria, Tanzania.

OPPORTUNITIES Availabilities at offices around the world for all positions from intern to entry level to executive are posted in the Job Search page (https:// www.savethechildren.org/us/about-us/careers/job-search).

It is preferred that interns are over the age of 21, demonstrate unshakeable opposition to the death penalty, have strong research skills, show maturity and self-sufficiency, have strong computer skills and be a member of Reprieve Australia.

For volunteering and internship opportunities within Australia visit: https://www.savethechildren.org.au/about-us/careers

To apply, send the following to overseas.volunteers@reprieve.org.au and contact@reprieve.org.au: ++ A completed Application Form (a copy of which is available on www.reprieve.org.au. Submitted applications must be named in the following format: name.application.doc) ++ A current curriculum vitae (name.cv.doc); ++ A sample of professional/academic writing (name.sample. doc); ++ A covering letter explaining your interest in volunteering with Reprieve Australia (name.letter.doc); ++ A recent digital photo (head and shoulders only) saved as a JPEG (name.photo.jpg); ++ The names and contact details of one academic reference and one professional reference (volunteer or legal reference preferred); ++ A scanned copy of the photo page of your passport [name. passport.pdf or name.passport.jpg]; and ++ A scanned copy of a national police check [name. policecheck.pdf or name.policecheck.jpg], dated no less than 12 months ago

Save the Children offers a number of unpaid internship positions in the US, in its Fairfield CT and Washington DC offices as well as in some of its other Field Offices. Internships are offered throughout the spring, summer and fall semesters. Interns will have the opportunity to work under the direct supervision of an experienced Save the Children staff member within a specific department to expand their knowledge of the humanitarian aid and the non-profit industry, while at the same time developing skills and experience in their chosen field or career. Interns’ tasks are generally geared towards advancing important projects. This may include program and policy research, internet and social media projects, communications and campaigns and fund-raising.

Deadline: N/A; offered on rolling basis. However, it is recommended that you apply at least three months in advance of your proposed commencement date. If you need to apply within this time, contact the Overseas Volunteer Co-ordinator.

For more information visit the website (http://www. lawyerswithoutborders.org/) or email internships@lwob.org at any time.

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INTERNSHIP IN THE US

Interns are required to work a minimum of 16 hours per week with a maximum of 40 hours per week. Internships are unpaid and accommodation is not provided.

Application Requirements To be eligible for an internship, students must: ++ Be an actively enrolled undergraduate or graduate student; ++ Be eligible to work in the United States (ie. obtain a work visa); and ++ Be able to receive credit from their college or institution (ie. This must be through the Internship subject at MLS).

NB. Anyone not enrolled as a student or not able to receive credit can still apply, but will be re-classified as a skilled volunteer.

Deadline: Depends on the position so check the available positions at: https:// www.savethechildren.org/us/about-us/careers/internships

TRA N S PA R EN CY INT ER N AT IO N A L

Location: Berlin (Germany) Area: Anti-corruption Website: https://www. transparency.org/

OVERVIEW

PUBLIC

Transparency International (TI) is a global civil society organisation leading the movement for aa world in which government, business, civil society and the daily lives of people are free of corruption.

In collaboration with over 100 chapters over the world and an international secretariat in Berlin, Germany, TI raises awareness of the damaging effects of corruption and works with partners in government, business and civil society to. stir the world’s collective conscience and bring about change by developing and implementing effective measures to tackle corruption.

Much remains to be done to stop corruption, but much has also been achieved, including: ++ the creation of international anti-corruption conventions ++ the prosecution of corrupt leaders and seizures of their illicitly gained riches ++ national elections won and lost on tackling corruption ++ companies held accountable for their behaviour both at home and abroad Of particular relevance to law students is TI’s Governance team. The governance team is responsible for the internal governance of the global network at the Transparency International Secretariat in Berlin, and facilitates the development of and helps ensure TI’s movement is strong and relevant, and fulfils its mission efficiently and fully abiding withe TI’s values. Amongst other things the Governance team works on logistics and policy administrative work.

INTERNSHIP OPPORTUNITIES From TI’s secretariat in Berlin and in more than 100 chapters (offices around the world), TI seeks out professionals and volunteers with exceptional talent and commitment to join their efforts and make a contribution to a better world.

When and what: Internship and graduate opportunities in the various chapters (offices around the world) at TI are offered at various times of the year, for varying periods of time.

For current availabilities see TI’s jobs and internships webpage: https://www.transparency.org/whoweare/work How to apply: Application requirements differ depending on the role, but typically involve sending the following to the designated TI officer by the closing date for the role: ++ Cover letter (one page maximum; including availability for internship) ++ CV (maximum two pages) Other requirements you must obtain: ++ Valid work permit for Germany (or the local chapter) ++ Health insurance ++ For work in Germany, persons already registered as residents of Germany must submit a Tax Identification Number ++ For students, you must provide proof of enrolment

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AUST RA L I A N S EC URI TY INTELLIGENCE O R G A N I SAT I O N (AS I O) Location: Canberra (Australia) Area: National security; intelligence Website: www.asio.gov.au

BACKGROUND

FOREIGN POLICY IN AUSTRALIA

ASIO is Australia’s national security intelligence service. ASIO’s main role is to collect, analyse, and produce intelligence to advise the government with respect to activities or situations that have the propensity to endanger Australia’s national security. ASIO operates under the direction of the Director-General of Security who is responsible to the Attorney-General.

CAREER AREAS

ASIO has a diverse workforce offering a career in roles in various areas including Intelligence, Legal, Technical and Trade, Engineering, Information, Communication, Technology, General Administration Support and many other roles.

Legal team ASIO’s in-house legal team (‘Office of Legal Counsel’) is responsible for the provision of in-house legal services to support ASIO’s operational and corporate functions, these include advising on: ++ ASIO’s mandate and functions, ++ legislative interpretation and reform, ++ use of special powers and operations, and ++ managing ASIO’s involvement in criminal and civil litigation.

Intelligence An Intelligence Analyst undertakes research and makes assessments, which lead to developing an in-depth knowledge of specific issues and subject matter. Analysts can work in a variety of different teams becoming subject matter experts in regional and thematic investigations, strategic intelligence, counter terrorism, counter espionage and border security. Analysts are challenged on a daily basis by interesting complex work that is of national importance.

ASIO Intelligence Officers collect and analyse information to provide advice to senior management and government on matters of national security. Officers are responsible for the overt and covert collection of national security information. As a case officer you will maintain regular contact with a variety of people, including members of the public who volunteer information, and work with other technical means of collection such as listening and tracking devices and telecommunications interception.

CAREER & INTERNSHIP OPPORTUNITIES ASIO recruits for various roles throughout the year. Interested applicants should monitor the ASIO website for vacancies: https:// www.careers.asio.gov.au/public/jncustomsearch.searchResults?in_ organid=12852.html To be eligible for ongoing employment you must: ++ Be an Australian Citizen with a checkable background; You can have dual Australian-foreign citizenship; however, you must not use your foreign citizenship (including any foreign passport you may hold) for the duration of your employment with ASIO. ++ Undergo a merit based selection process ++ Be willing and able to relocate to Canberra if required ++ Be assessed as suitable to hold and maintain a Positive Vetting security clearance.

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Location: Canberra (Australia) Area: Intelligence Website: www.asis.gov.au

D E PA RT M E N T O F FO R E I G N A F FA I R S AND T RA D E (D FAT )

Location: Canberra (Australia) Area: Foreign affairs Website: www.dfat.gov.au

BACKGROUND

BACKGROUND

Australian Secret Intelligence Service (‘ASIS’) is Australia’s overseas intelligence service. Their mission is to protect and promote Australia’s interests by collecting intelligence about groups and individuals who may endanger Australian citizens.

The Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade’s (‘DFAT’) advances Australia’s national interest by promoting its interests internationally and contributing to global stability and economic growth, providing foreign development and trade policy advice to the government, ensuring that Australia’s pursuit of its global, regional and bilateral interests is coordinated effectively.

DFAT manages a network of 95 overseas posts in five continents, with over 4200 staff in Australian and overseas. DFAT officers are highly skilled at their work, which includes developing and implementing foreign, trade and development policy, negotiating international agreements, and providing high quality consular assistance.

INTERNSHIP & CAREER OPPORTUNITIES

Graduate program

ASIS runs a graduate program called ACTIVATE, which runs for 12 months. Upon completion of this program individuals will be considered for further employment. ACTIVATE is looking for applicants with diverse skillsets from various backgrounds including law, mathematics, arts and accounting.

In the graduate program, you’ll transition between three different roles. After successfully completing the program you’ll be offered a permanent placement in one of these three roles: ++ Reports officer - suitable for those with strong written and verbal communication skills. You’ll work as part of a team to brief, capture and report outcomes of intelligence operations ++ Targeting officer - you’ll use your knowledge of data, technology and research techniques to help identify and plan potential intelligence gathering opportunities ++ Desk officer - provide support, analysis and operational assistance to those in the field.

To apply you must meet following requirements: ++ Australian Citizen ++ Undergraduate and Post-Graduate students in their final or penultimate year of study can apply (NB. Students who have graduated within two years and have experience in their field can also apply) ++ Be willing to undergo security assessment to obtain high level Security Clearance Applications for the 2019 Graduate Program can be found on the ASIS website (https://www.asis.gov.au/Careers/Overview.html).

Intelligence Officers Furthermore, ASIS recruits Intelligence Officers on a regular basis.

Intelligence Officers plan, develop and manage intelligence operations overseas, often in exciting and challenging environments.

To apply you must meet the following requirements: ++ Be an Australian citizen ++ Have a full driver’s license ++ A completed Bachelor’s degree is preferred Other vacancies Graduate vacancies are advertised throughout the year on the ASIS careers webpage (https://www.asis.gov.au/Careers/Roles-andVacancies.html)

GRADUATE OPPORTUNITIES The Policy Graduate Program is for applicants from all academic backgrounds (including law) and prepares candidates for a career as a generalist policy officer. As a policy graduate you’ll work to advance Australia’s interests across a broad range of areas — from security to human rights, international trade to development and aid management, and represent Australia in a formal capacity while serving overseas.

Graduates undertake a two-year professional development program in Canberra, combining work placements with formal training modules.

Graduates undertake 5-6 month placements across DFAT’s key areas: ++ multilateral desks (e.g. disarmament, development issues, counter-terrorism or human rights), ++ bilateral desks (e.g. foreign policy and aid program delivery), ++ trade desks (covering areas such as the WTO, free trade agreements or international finance), ++ development desks (including development and policy, humanitarian response and aid management) and ++ corporate desks (such as consular or human resources).

Key dates ++ The two year program commences in February with a comprehensive induction program. ++ Deadline: Applications for the DFAT Policy Graduate Program generally open in February and close in March.

Overseas posting: After completing the program, graduates are eligible to apply for an overseas posting. Generally, graduates can expect to be in Canberra for up to three years before their first posting.

HOW TO APPLY

The application process includes the following steps: ++ Online application ++ Online testing ++ Online written test ++ Online video interview ++ Online behavioural profile assessment ++ Group interviews and written exercises in Canberra Who DFAT is looking for: ++ graduates from various backgrounds with high-level analytical and communication skills; ++ team players, pro- active, practical and results-oriented and can work under pressure. ++ strong record of academic achievement and extra-curriculars genuine interest in international issues and understanding of the contribution Australia can make internationally.

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FOREIGN IN AUSTRALIA

AUSTRA L IA N S EC R ET IN T EL L IGEN C E SE RV IC E ( AS IS )

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GENERAL INFORMATION ON UN INTERNSHIPS AND CAREERS VACANCIES: All internship and job openings are posted on the United Nations’ Careers Portal, which details the job descriptions, duty stations and deadlines of each posting: https://careers.un.org/lbw/home.aspx?viewt ype=SJ&exp=INT&level=1101&location=Al l&occup=0&department=All&bydate=0&oc cnet=0

REMUNERATION: All United Nations internships are unpaid roles.

LANGUAGE: The UN working languages are English and French. Knowledge of both languages, or Spanish, Mandarin, Russian or Arabic is an additional asset.

APPLICATION PROCESS: Detailed information on the United Nations’ application process can be found here: https://careers.un.org/lbw/ home.aspx?viewtype=AP Generally it involves: ++ Filling out the online application. ++ Writing a cover letter. ++ Submitting a writing example (occasionally) ++ Providing references.

Sometimes this merely requires their contact details, other times a letter of reference is required. ++ Sometimes you will be interviewed over the phone.

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UN & AFFILIATES

THE UNITED NATIONS AND AFFILIATED ORGANISATIONS

OFFIC E O F T H E H IGH COMM IS S IO N ER FO R H U MAN R IGH T S (O H C HR )

WO R L D HE A LT H O R G A N I Z AT I O N (WH O)

Location: Geneva (Switzerland) Area: International health law Website: http://who.int

Location: Geneva (Switzerland) Area: International human rights law Website: www.ohchr.org

BACKGROUND

BACKGROUND

The High Commissioner for Human Rights is the principal human rights official of the United Nations and leads the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights. The OHCHR spearheads the United Nations’ human rights efforts and is part of the United Nations Secretariat.

OHCHR’s thematic priorities are strengthening international human rights mechanisms; enhancing equality and countering discrimination; combating impunity and strengthening accountability and the rule of law; integrating human rights in development and in the economic sphere; widening the democratic space; and early warning and protection of human rights in situations of conflict, violence and insecurity.

OHCHR also supports the work of the United Nations human rights mechanisms, including the treaty bodies established to monitor State Parties’ compliance with the core international human rights treaties and the Special Procedures of the Human Rights Council.

The WHO’s primary is to direct and coordinate international health within the UN system. working with governments and other partners in 150 countries to ensure the highest attainable level of health for all.

WHO’s mechanisms include: ++ providing leadership on matters critical to health and engaging in partnerships where joint action is needed ++ shaping the research agenda and stimulating the generation, translation and dissemination of valuable knowledge ++ setting norms and standards and promoting and monitoring their implementation ++ articulating ethical and evidence-based policy options ++ providing technical support, catalysing change, and building sustainable institutional capacity ++ monitoring the health situation and assessing health trends

INTERNSHIP OPPORTUNITIES Internships for graduate students are available at OHCHR within any of its charter or treaty bodies. Internships are intended to: 1. Increase your understanding of current human rights issues at the international level and give them an insight into the work of the United Nations and OHCHR in particular; and 2. Provide OHCHR and the UN Human Rights mechanisms with the assistance and contribution of outstanding young students or graduates.

Interns are assigned to an organisational unit of OHCHR according to the needs of the Office and their own areas of interest. They are involved, inter alia, in: ++ researching human rights issues ++ drafting analytical papers and reports ++ providing substantive and technical servicing of meetings ++ backstopping fact-finding and technical cooperation activities as well as field operations ++ supporting other OHCHR activities, depending on the exigencies of the Office Key dates ++ Time Period: Any. ++ Key Deadlines: Apply as early as possible. E.g., 2017 internship applicants were encouraged to apply between October and September 2017.

Eligibility ++ Enrolled in a graduate program (e.g. the JD or MLM); or applying within on year of having graduated ++ Willing to obtain necessary visa and arrange travel to the UN ++ Able to cover the costs of travel, accommodation and living (approximately 1800 swiss francs per month) ++ Fluency in English. Foreign language capabilities, particularly fluency in French, Spanish, Mandarin or Arabic are valued.

How to Apply: Submit your application via the UN Careers website (https://careers. un.org/lbw/Home.aspx). You must preferred time period.

Detailed information on the application process, applicant eligibility and internship guidelines: http://www.ohchr.org/EN/AboutUs/Pages/ InternshipProgramme.aspx

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INTERNSHIP OPPORTUNITIES WHO’s Internship Programme offers a wide range of opportunities for students to gain insight in the technical and administrative programmes of WHO. The objectives of the internship programme are to: ++ Provide a framework for postgraduate students from diverse academic backgrounds to learn about the WHO’s work, and enhance their education through practical assignments. ++ Provide WHO programmes with input from postgraduate students specializing in various fields.

Note: Applications vary based on the Office applied to. Each Office has its own website.

INTERNSHIP AT WHO HQ IN GENEVA

Key dates ++ Duration: 6 to 24 weeks ++ Summer: Between May and October. Applications due 1st February to 28th February each year. ++ Winter: Between November and April. Applications due 1st September to 30th September each year.

Applicant Requirements: ++ Enrolled in a post graduate university course or graduated less than six months ago ++ Possess an undergraduate degree in a public health, medical or social field related to WHO or a degree in a managementrelated or administrative field. Most students are placed in health-related programmes, although other disciplines can be considered as appropriate.

Application process: Apply online at http://www.who.int/careers/internships/apply/en/ .

This will involve ++ A questionnaire about your education, current studies, language skills and experience ++ Indicating your preferred area of work within WHO ++ Writing about your motivation for applying for a WHO Internship.

CAREER OPPORTUNITIES The WHO posts job vacancies on its website: https://tl-ex.vcdp.who. int/careersection/ex/jobsearch.ftl#

U N IT ED N AT I O N S E D UCAT I O N A L , S C IEN T I F I C A N D C ULT URA L O R GA NI Z AT I O N (UN ES CO)

Location: Geneva (Switzerland) Area: International policy and development Website: https://en.unesco.org/

BACKGROUND

INTERNSHIP OPPORTUNITIES

UNESCO is responsible for coordinating international cooperation in education, science, culture and communication. It strengthens the ties between nations and societies, and mobilizes the wider public so that each child and citizen: ++ has access to quality education; a basic human right and an indispensable prerequisite for sustainable development ++ may grow and live in a cultural environment rich in diversity and dialogue, where heritage serves as a bridge between generations and peoples ++ can fully benefit from scientific advances ++ can enjoy full freedom of expression; the basis of democracy, development and human dignity

If you are planning to embark on a career in the field of education, science, or culture, then an internship at UNESCO will be ideal for you.

The UNESCO Internship Programme offers you practical work in one of UNESCO’s priority areas. Aside from helping you understand the Organization’s mandate, programmes, and main thrusts, it also enhances your academic knowledge with relevant work assignments that can help you prepare for your future career.

UNESCO has two governing bodies: the General Conference and the Executive Board.

The General Conference consists of the representatives of UNESCO’s Member States and meets every two years together with observes for non-Member States, intergovernmental organisations and NGOs. The General Conference determines the policies and the main lines of work of UNESCO. Its duty is to set the programs and the budget of the organisation. It also elects the Members of the Executive Board and appoints the Director-General; a four year role.

The Executive Board ensures the overall management of the organisation. It prepares the work of the General Conference and executes its decisions. The functions and responsibilities of the Board are derived primarily from UNESCO’s Constitution and form rules or directives laid down by the General Conference. The Executive Board meets twice a year.

Values UNESCO seeks from its employees: ++ Integrity ++ professionalism ++ respect for diversity ++ strong commitment to UNESCO’s mission

Applicant Requirements: ++ Enrolled in a graduate school program (second university degree or Master’s degree equivalent, or higher); or applying within 12 months of having graduated from an undergraduate or graduate program. Applicants for technical/professional assignments must be in their final year or have graduated from a degree in that field. ++ Excellent written and spoken English or French skills.

Working knowledge of the other language is an asset ++ Team player (able to work well in a team and adapt to an international working environment) ++ Possess strong interpersonal and communication skills ++ Be at least 20 years old What ++ ++ ++

do you need to prepare: Obtain any necessary visas Arrange and finance your travel to the internship location Show proof of a comprehensive health insurance valid in the country where you will undertake your internship and for the entire period of the internship. UNESCO will only provide limited insurance coverage of up to USD$30,000 against risk of illness, disability or death during the internship period. ++ Before your internship commences, you must provide a medical certificate indicating you are fit to work ++ Certificate of enrolment or your Diploma (if you have just graduated)

How to Apply: ++ Apply via the UN Careers website (https://careers.un.org/ lbw/Home.aspx). You must indicate your preferred time period to start your internship. ++ Tip: Have your cover letter (“motivation letter”) and CV ready before filling out the application form. You only have one hour to complete the process, and can only submit one application.

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UN & AFFILIATES

UNESCO has a worldwide presence with 53 Field Offices and Institutes and Headquarters in Paris. More than 2000 employees of about 170 nationalities currently work for the Organization.

Key Dates ++ Time Period: Between 2 to 6 months in duration. No specific time period. ++ Key Deadlines: Applications are accepted on a rolling basis.

If you have not been contacted within 6 months of your application, you have been unsuccessful.

GRADUATE OPPORTUNITIES

JUNIOR PROFESSIONAL OFFICER (JPO)/ASSOCIATE EXPERT (AE) PROGRAMME

For more details on the following Programmes, see: https://en.unesco. org/careers/young-professional

The JPO/AE Programme provides the opportunity for young graduates and qualified professionals to acquire training and work experience in technical cooperation and in management and administration of multilateral programmes and projects either within UNESCO’s Field Offices or at Headquarters. JPO/AEs are recruited under bilateral agreements between UNESCO and the donor countries, generally for a duration of 2 to 3 years.

YOUNG PROFESSIONALS PROGRAMME (YPP) The YPP provides an opportunity to young graduates and professionals to join UNESCO at the early stage of their professional career. YPP seeks to improve the geographical distribution of UNESCO, contribute to rejuvenating the Secretariat, promote gender equality among staff and create an enhanced pool of young civil servants, enriching and diversifying the organisation.

Applicant Requirements: ++ Age: Born after 1st January 1983 (under 32 years old). ++ Nationality: National of a non or under-represented Member State of UNESCO (https://en.unesco.org/careers/sites/ careers/files/Geographical_Distribution.pdf). ++ Languages: Fluent English or French. Knowledge of both, or of Arabic, Chinese, Spanish or Russian in an asset.

How to apply: 1. Contact your National Commission (http://www.unesco. org/new/en/member-states/member-states-information/ directory-of-national-commissions/) or Permanent Delegation (https://en.unesco.org/countries). They are responsible for disseminating information regarding applications and for pre-selection at the national level.

2. Submission: Send your application to the National Commission or Permanent Delegation of your country of citizenship (UNESCO does not accept applications directly).

They will submit a list of up to 12 shortlisted applicants to UNESCO. 3. Screening: Applications are then reviewed by a committee, who will determine a shortlist based on: »» academic qualifications, »» motivation/statement of interest (cover letter) »» presentation of the application »» language and writing skills, and »» level of professional experience 4. Interviews: shortlisted candidates must attend interviews at the UNESCO Headquarters in Paris. This provides you with the opportunity to demonstrate your communication skills, team spirit, analytical skills, sense of initiative, creativity, flexibility and adaptability.

5. Evaluation: a Panel makes the final evaluation based on your technical knowledge of education, science, culture, communication, information or administration. This will involve interviews and language tests to determine the level of proficiency in UNESCO’s working languages (English and French).

6. Decision: UNESCO sends a letter of appointment to successful candidates, and inform the National Commission and Permanent Delegations for all other candidates.

Applicant Requirements: ++ Age: Candidates are normally under the age of thirty-two when applying for an JPO/AE position. ++ Nationality: Candidates for the JPO/AE Programme are normally nationals of the Donor country funding their assignment to UNESCO. Applicants from developing countries may also be considered by certain Donor Governments. ++ The following countries have signed an agreement with UNESCO regarding the AE Scheme: Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belgium, People’s Republic of China, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Japan, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Qatar, Republic of Korea, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. ++ Languages: Fluent English or French and a good knowledge of the other working language. Knowledge of Arabic, Chinese, Spanish or Russian is an additional asset.

EXPERIENCED PROFESSIONALS UNESCO also offers international and national professional level roles to those with significant levels of technical expertise (at least 2 years experience). UNESCO employs professionals in the fields of: Education, Social and Human Sciences, Culture, Communication, Administration, Management.

Requirements: ++ Education: Advanced university degree in education, culture, science, social and human sciences, communication, business administration or a related field ++ Language: Fluent in either English or French, and a good working knowledge of the other. ++ At least 2 years experience ++ Demonstrated adherence to UNESCO’s values

TEMPORARY ASSISTANCE Project Appointments Contractual modality that covers specific projects or activities of a limited duration, both in the field and at Headquarters.

Consultant and Exper ts ++ Recognised specialists with particular skills, expertise or knowledge can apply to be consultants/experts that UNESCO contracts for a short period, either in an advisory or consultative capacity or to provide a product or service. ++ Areas where consultants are desired include: legal services, general management, external relations, human resources, social and human sciences. ++ UNESCO encourages candidates from all geographic areas to register their interest for consultancy opportunities on the Exerpts/Support Services Roster (https://careers.unesco. org/careersection/roster/joblist.ftl) For current temporary opportunities, see: https://en.unesco.org/ careers/temporary

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IN T ER NAT I O N A L L A B O UR O R GA N I Z AT I O N (I LO)

Location: Geneva (Switzerland), Australia and Asia Area: International Human Rights law Website: http://www.ilo.org/ global/lang--en/index.htm

The ILO is the only tripartite United Nations Agency. It brings together governments, employers and workers of 187 Member States to set labour standards, develop policies and devise programmes promoting decent work for all women and men. The ILO accomplishes its work through three main bodies which comprise governments’, employers’ and workers’ representatives: ++ The International Labour Conference - forum for discussion of key social and labour questions; sets the International labour standards and the broad policies of the ILO; meets annually in Geneva. ++ The Governing Body - the executive council of the ILO. It meets three times a year in Geneva; takes decisions on ILO policy and establishes the programme and the budget, which it then submits to the Conference for adoption. ++ The International Labour Office - the permanent secretariat of the International Labour Organization; the focal point for International Labour Organization’s overall activities, which it prepares under the scrutiny of the Governing Body and under the leadership of the Director-General.

The work of the Governing Body and of the Office is aided by tripartite committees covering major industries. It is also supported by committees of experts on such matters as vocational training, management development, occupational safety and health, industrial relations, workers’ education, and special problems of women and young workers. Regional meetings of the ILO member States are periodically invited to examine matters of special interest to the regions concerned.

ILO IN AUSTRALIA Australia is one of the founding member states, and a significant donor to the ILO. Cooperation between ILO and Australia is channelled through the Australian Government by bilateral cooperation agreements with the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (DFT), and Australian Aid at country level. ILO projects in Australia have included: ++ MAMPU - Access to Employment and Decent Work for Women Project ++ Tripartite Action to Protect Migrant Workers within and from the Greater Mekong Subregion from labour Exploitation (GMS Triangle project) For international labour standards ratified in Australia, see: http:// www.ilo.org/dyn/normlex/en/f?p=NORMLEXPUB:11200:0::NO: :P11200_COUNTRY_ID:102544

INTERNSHIP OPPORTUNITIES

If you are interested in joining the ILO as an intern you will help to make its vision of universal human conditions of labour a reality.

ILO’s Internship Programme provides a wide range of opportunities for high calibre graduate and postgraduate students or recently graduated candidates who now look for a first learning experience in fields related to the ILO’s mandate and activities. The aim of the ILO’s internship programme is to give exposure to the daily work of the ILO. Interns are given the opportunity to support and learn from ILO staff and be part of a team. Interns accompany outstanding and inspiring career professionals and senior management within the Organization.

Interns will be exposed to high-profile conferences, participate in meetings, and contribute to analytical work as well as support work on the ILO’s fundamental principles, exciting programmes and ground-breaking strategies.

Key dates: ++ Duration between 3 and 6 months. Internships start on the 1st or 15th of each month. ++ Internship positions are posted online in January and June of each year: http://www.ilo.org/public/english/bureau/pers/ vacancy/intern.htm ++ Deadline: varies based on the internship positions.

Applicant Requirements: ++ Currently enrolled in the last year of a graduate degree (i.e.

JD or MLM) relevant to the ILO’s work, or have graduated less than a year ago. ++ Working oral and written knowledge of at least one of the ILO’s official languages (English, French or Spanish) ++ Are not a close relative of an ILO official ++ Have not already worked at the ILO or participated in the ILO’s internship programme previously.

Desired qualities ++ Post experience and knowledge of IT-related work ++ Adaptable and flexible ++ Interested in an international, multicultural, multilingual environment ++ Possess excellent communication skills ++ Able to work independently and as part of a team Remuneration, visas, insurance and accommodation: ++ It is your own responsibility to arrange and pay for travel, insurance, accommodation and living expenses. You must also ensure you have valid documentation to enter Switzerland or any other duty station. ++ Interns who are not supported by an institution will receive a stipend from the ILO to cover basic subsistence costs.

How to Apply: Apply via the ILO’s vacancies roster (https://erecruit.ilo.org/public/).

This will require submitting a cover letter and your CV. ++ Note: only 3 applicants per recruitment advertisement period are accepted.

Regional offices There are a limited number of positions at the ILO’s regional offices.

Interested applicants should contract the relevant office directly: ++ Africa: Mr. Nicolas Lopez-Armand: lopez@ilo.org ++ Latin America and the Caribbean: lim_interns@ilo.org ++ Asia and the Pacific : Regional HR Unit : bkk_hr@ilo.org ++ Arab States: Mr. Anser Qureshi: qureshi@ilo.org ++ Europe: Applications to be sent via the roster ++ ILO-Washington : http://www.ilo.org/washington/ WCMS_179913/lang--en/index.htm ++ New York: newyork@ilo.org

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UN & AFFILIATES

BACKGROUND

The ILO is devoted to advancing opportunities for women and men to obtain decent and productive work in conditions of freedom, equity, security and human dignity. Its main aims are to promote rights at work, encourage decent employment opportunities, enhance social protection and strengthen dialogue in handling work-related issues.

UN I T E D N AT I O N S ENVIRONMENT P R O G RA M M E (UN E P) GRADUATE OPPORTUNITIES

Location: Nairobi, Kenya, various locations around the world Area: Environment Website: www.unep.org

For more details on career availabilities, including current vacancies and more employment opportunities see: ++ https://erecruit.ilo.org/public/index.asp. ++ http://www.ilo.org/global/about-the-ilo/employmentopportunities/lang--en/index.htm

JUNIOR PROFESSIONAL OFFICER PROGRAM Through the Junior Professional Officer Programme (JPO) the ILO retains young talented professionals, in a manner that reflects the interests and priorities of different donor countries.

The JPO Programme has been in operation for over 35 years, and has grown steadily. JPOs are now provided by donor countries namely: Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, The Republic of Korea, The Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, South Africa, Spain, Sweden and Switzerland. New donors are also interested in sponsoring JPOs. The following donors sponsor candidates other than their own nationals: Belgium, Italy and the Netherlands (kindly refer to the Ministry of foreign affairs of the relevant country for further details).

The objectives of the JPO include: ++ giving young professionals a hands-on experience of ILO development projects, and opportunity to discover the UN system ++ promoting ILO’s multi-bilateral technical cooperation ++ enhancing ILO’s technical assistance to developing countries; ++ training selected graduates from developing countries in line with donor government funding commitments; ++ preparing a body of future experts for UN and bilateral aid programmes.

Requirements ++ Masters degree and some work experience. Most candidates are recruited with 1-2 years of post qualified experience.

The specifics of the desired profiles are defined by the donor state (i.e. check the details in the position description). ++ Generally, candidates should be between 25 and 32 years of age. However, this depends on the specifics of the position.

Application process ++ Where to apply? All applications should be made directly to the candidate’s government (usually the Ministry of Foreign Affairs). Please note that positions funded by the Netherlands, Belgium and Portugal will not be published through their national institutions, but through the ILO recruitment site under the current vacancies ++ A preliminary selection of candidates is usually carried-out by national recruitment services. ++ This is followed by an interview/selection stage with the relevant ILO Technical Department or region. ++ Finally, a decision is made by the donor country in close consultation with the ILO. Key dates: ++ Duration: 2-3 years in different areas and locations.

For more information on the JPO Programme, contact: JPO@ilo.org

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BACKGROUND The United Nations Environment Programme (‘UNEP’) is the leading global environmental authority that promotes sustainable development within the United Nations system and sets the global environmental agenda. It seeks to advocate, educate and promote sustainable development of the global environment.

The UNEP mandate includes: ++ Assessing global, regional and national environmental conditions and trends ++ Developing international and national environmental instruments ++ Strengthening institutions for the wise management of the environment

INTERNSHIP AND CAREER OPPORTUNITIES

The world is changing rapidly, so UNEP is looking for dynamic, creative, forward looking, dedicated and results-oriented students, managers, environmental experts. These candidates must possess leadership qualities, the capacity to bring together and respond to governments, civil society, the private sector and UNEP partners in creating opportunities and solutions for sustainable development.

Positions Availabilities posted throughout the year on the following UN official websites: ++ UN careers portal (https://careers.un.org/lbw/jobdetail. aspx?id=85590) ++ UNEP’s vacancies webpage (www.unep.org/vacancies

INTERNSHIP Applicant Requirements: ++ In your final or penulatimate year of your undergraduate or postgraduate program ++ Enrolled in the program during and after the period of the internship ++ Fluency in English and/or French How to Apply: When a relevant internship opportunity is posted on one of the above websites, you will be required to submit the following: ++ Cover Letter ++ Resume ++ Letter of endorsement from your university (e.g. a letter from the Dean, Registrar or Placement Office attesting to the fact that you are currently a registered student and will continue to be enrolled for the envisaged period of the internship Key dates: ++ Time period: Minimum of 3 months ++ Duration: 1-3 months or 3-6 months; full-time ++ Deadline: applications are accepted on a rolling basis; particular positions are posted on the above websites and may have their own deadlines.

WO R L D IN T E L L ECT UA L P R O P E RT Y O R GAN I Z AT I O N (WI P )

Location: Rome (Italy) Area: International intellectual property Website: http://www.wipo.int

BACKGROUND

GRADUATE OPPORTUNITIES

WIPO is the global forum for intellectual property services, policy, information and cooperation. It is a self-funded agency of the United Nations, with 191 member states.

WIPO looks for talented individuals from around the world to help them develop the global intellectual property system. They employ individuals for a wide range of roles from designers to lawyers.

Its mission is to lead the development of a balanced and effective international intellectual property (IP) system that enables innovation and creativity for the benefit of all. WIPO’s mandate, governing bodies and procedures are set out in the WIPO Convention, which established WIPO in 1967.

WIPO STAFF POSITIONS

WIPO offers a limited number of students from around the world the opportunity to intern at its various offices. WIPO internships are a unique chance to gain invaluable experience at the forefront of innovation and creativity. Interns at WIPO work on significant projects and get to make contributions that matter.

Requirements: ++ Interest in driving forward innovation and creativity ++ Currently enrolled in or recently graduated from a bachelor or advanced (master) degree. A law degree is particularly valued.

Availabiilities WIPO does not publish vacancies for internships. Instead, apply by submit your application through the Internship Roster at any time (see process described below).

Remuneration, visas, insurance etc ++ WIPO will assist you in obtaining Swiss ‘legitimation card’ which functions as your residency permit, and medical insurance for the duration of your internship ++ Interns receive a monthly stipend For more information see: ++ http://www.wipo.int/jobs/en/internships/index.html ++ WIPO’s internship Guide (http://www.wipo.int/export/sites/ www/erecruitment/en/pdf/wipo_internships.pdf)

WIPO staff work in multidisciplinary,multi-cultural teams in a stimulating international setting, working with governments, IP practioners, civil society and the private sector to administer global IP services, develop international law and standards, set up collaborative networks and build capacity in the use of IP for development.

Deadline: deadlines are listed on individual job postings.

INDIVIDUAL CONTRACTORS (ICS) WIPO employs expert contractors as external resources on an ad hoc basis. They work under ICS contracts in areas such as IP for development, copyright, IP services, translation and strategic projects.

WIPO offers both fixed term and temporary contracts. ICS positions include both professional staff and directors who operate from WIPO headquarters, and national professional officers who serve at nonheadquarter duty stations.

For more information see: ++ WIPO Careers webpage (http://www.wipo.int/erecruitment/ en/) ++ How to apply guide (http://www.wipo.int/export/sites/ www/erecruitment/en/pdf/user_guide_online_recruitment. pdf) ++ FAQ’s (http://www.wipo.int/erecruitment/en/pdf/wipo_ erecruit_faqs.pdf) ++ Competency-based Interviews (CBI) Application Guide (http://www.wipo.int/export/sites/www/erecruitment/en/ pdf/cbi_guide.pdf)

APPLICATION PROCESS To apply for an internship or graduate role, submit your application through WIPO’s recruitment system. This involves: ++ selecting your desired job posting ++ creating an online profile and online application which includes submitting your CV and detailing your personal information, education, experiences, etc. ++ Answering a questionnaire ++ Provide a motivational letter. This should explain why you think you would be a good candidate for the role and what you would bring to WIPO, and references the requirements outlined in the position announcement.

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UN & AFFILIATES

INTERNSHIP OPPORTUNITIES

Staff positions exist across WIPO and represent the permanent part of WIPO’s work force. Most staff positions are based at WIPO’s Geneva Headquarters.

UNITE D N AT IO N S O FFI C E ON DRU GS A N D C R IM E ( U N O DC ) Location: Vienna (Austria) Area: Counter-terrorism; international crime Website: www.unodc.org

UN I T E D N AT I O N S O F F I C E O F L EG A L A F FA I R S (UN O L A )

Location: New York (United States) Area: International public and trade law Website: http://legal.un.org/ola/

BACKGROUND

BACKGROUND

The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime is a United Nations affiliated body, devoted to tackling International Crime, terrorism and illicit drugs distribution. The UNODC operates in a variety of countries across the world through an extensive network of field offices. Its activities include: ++ field based operations, ++ research to increase understanding of crime ++ and drugs ++ assisting states to implement treaties relating to drugs and crime.

The Office of Legal Affairs (‘OLA’) is the centralised legal service of the United Nations, which provides advice to the Secretariat, and other organs of the United Nations. OLA is dedicated to the progressive development and codification of international public and trade law.

The UNODC aims to help governments tackle crime by providing research, guidance and support on issues relevant to particular governments.

INTERNSHIP AND CAREER OPPORTUNITIES

OPPORTUNITIES

INTERNSHIP

UNODC seeks qualified, energetic professionals in various fields (including law) to join their efforts to combat the threats posed by drugs, crime and terrorism. UNODC offers challenging assignments monitoring drug abuse and trafficking trends, helping States achieve substantial reductions in drug supply and demand and assisting countries in forging new partnerships for tackling important issues such as money-laundering, smuggling of migrants and trafficking in human beings.

Vacancies: ++ All regular staff job openings in UNODC are advertised on the UN Careers portal (http://careers.un.org/lbw/Home. aspx) ++ Temporary job openings in UNODC (http://www.unodc.org/ unodc/vacancies/index.jsp)

INTERNSHIP PROGRAMME UNODC runs an internship programme to offer students from diverse backgrounds (including law) an educational experience through practical work assignments within the international environment of the UN, whilst assisting the UN in making a real difference Key dates: ++ Time Period: 2 to 6 months full-time ++ Deadlines: Applicants are advised to apply 2 months in advance of the prospective start date of their internship Applicant Requirements: ++ Enrolled in a Masters degree when applying for and during the internship (you must supply official documentary evidence) ++ Available for a minimum of two months ++ Able to obtain the necessary visa and arrange your travel to Vienna, valid medical insurance cover for your stay in Austria, a medical certificate stating you are in good health and an official proof of enrolment in post-graduate studies ++ Able to cover the costs of travel, accomodation and living (UNODC will not provide any remuneration) ++ Fluency in English How to Apply: Applications are accepted on an ad hoc basis via the UNODC website Further information: https://www.unov.org/unov/en/job_internship. html

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It consists of seven key units the Office of the Under-Secretary General, Office of Legal Counsel, the General Legal Division, the Codification Division, the Division for Ocean Affairs and Law of the Sea, the International Trade Law Division, and the Treaty Section.

The Office of Legal Affairs (OLA) offers law students and graduates. the opportunity to participate in its unpaid internship program in New York. Admission to this internship programme is highly competitive.

Interns are normally requested to undertake tasks pertaining to ongoing projects under the supervision of a legal officer in the OLA. The subjects interns are assigned to is based on the nature of the project, and the purpose of the internship as expressed by the intern.

Internship vacancies are advertised on the UN careers website (https://careers.un.org).

Eligibility requirements: ++ Enrolled in a graduate degree (e.g. JD or MLM), or have graduated within a year from the date you intend to commence the internship.

Key dates, remuneration, visas ++ Duration: 2-6 months full time. ++ Internships are advertised at the beginning of January, May and September. ++ No remuneration or assistance obtaining the relevant visa and insurance requirements.

For further details on the application process and eligibility requirements, see: ++ http://legal.un.org/ola/employ.aspx ++ OLA internship job openings advertised on the UN careers website

GRADUATE AND PROFESSIONAL OPPORTUNITIES Job openings at the Office of Legal Affairs are managed by the United Nations Office for Human Resources Management.

Job vacancies and information on these positions are available on the UN careers website: https://careers.un.org.

EX T RAO R D I N A RY C HA M B E R S IN T H E CO URT S O F CA M B O D I A (ECCC )

Location: Cambodia Area: International criminal law Website: www.eccc.gov.kh/en

BACKGROUND

The government of Cambodia insisted that, for the sake of the Cambodian people, the trials must be held in Cambodia using Cambodian staff and judges together with foreign personnel.

An agreement with the UN was ultimately reached in June 2003 detailing how the international community will assist and participate in the Extraordinary Chambers. This court was created by the government and the UN but it is independent of them. Thus it is a Cambodian court, but has international participation that applies international standards.

The purpose of the ECCC is to bring to trial senior leaders and those most responsible for crimes committed during the Khmer Rouge’s ruling period.

INTERNSHIP AND CAREER OPPORTUNITIES Job and internship vacancies are available at the following sites: ++ https://www.eccc.gov.kh/en/about-eccc/jobs ++ For international staff vacancies, visit the UNAKRT recruitment website: http://www.unakrt-online.org/ recruitment

INTERNSHIPS For international applicants, internship opportunities are offered through the UNAKRT Internship Programme, through which recent university graduates and postgraduate students have the opportunity to work in the unique environment of this hybrid tribunal in Cambodia.

Interns will have the opportunity to enhance their practical experience and their theoretical knowledge in one of the following offices of the UNAKRT: ++ The Offices of the International Judges of the Pre-Trial Chamber, the Trial Chamber or the Supreme Court Chamber; ++ The Office of the International Co-Prosecutor; ++ The Office of the International Co-Investigating Judge; ++ The Defence Support Section; ++ The Civil Party Lead Co-Lawyers Section; ++ The Court Management Section; ++ The Public Affairs Section; or ++ The Office of the Deputy Director of Administration/ Coordinator of UNAKRT.

Preferable experience/features: ++ Study of international criminal law or Human Rights law; ++ Excellent legal research skills ++ Experience working in a law office ++ Relevant course work in relation to the work of the section/ office ++ Excellent written and oral communication skills ++ Proven ability to undertake tasks with minimal supervision; ++ Ability to work in a high pressure environment.

Remuneration, visas and insurance: ++ Interns are not paid. ++ UNAKRT will try to facilitae the issuance of an offical visa for interns, upon submissions by the intern of any requested documentation ++ the UN and UNAKRT accept no responsibility for the medical insurance of the intern or costs arising from accidents or illness incurred during your internship Application process ++ Submit the application form available on UNAKRT’s website (http://www.unakrt-online.org/recruitment ) by emailing it to unakrti@un.org ++ The form asks for information about your education, experiences, position preferences, references, emergency contacts, etc. ++ Before commencing you must show proof of valid medical insurance coverage and provide medical certificate of good health.

Key dates: ++ Duration between 2 to 6 months. ++ October – 31 December (deadline 31 May) ++ January – 31 March (deadline 31 August) ++ April – 30 June (deadline 30 November) ++ July – September (deadline 28 February)

Eligibility ++ Under the age of 35 years old upon application. ++ Have no more than 5 years of work experience ++ Highly motivated with outstanding academic qualifications in a field pertinent to UNAKRT ++ Obtained or enrolled in a post graduate degree at the time of applying. ++ Working proficiency in English and/or French

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UN & AFFILIATES

The Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia (‘ECCC’) is a special Cambodian court which receives international assistance through the United Nations Assistance to the Khmer Rouge Trials (UNAKRT). The court is more commonly referred to by the more informal name the Khmer Rouge Tribunal or the Cambodia Tribunal.

IN T ER N AT I O N A L CO URT O F JUST I C E (I C J )

Location: The Hague (The Netherlands) Area: International criminal law Website: www.icj-cij.org

BACKGROUND The International Court of Justice (‘ICJ’) was established in June 1945 by the Charter of the United Nations and began work in April 1946.

It is the principal judicial organ of the United Nations (‘UN’). The ICJ’s role is to settle, in accordance with international law, disputes submitted to it by States and to provide advisory opinions on legal questions referred to it by authorised UN organs and specialised agencies. The Court is composed of 15 judges, who are elected for a term of nine years by the UN General Assembly and Security Council.

INTERNSHIP AND CAREER OPPORTUNITIES Available long-term employment opportunities at the ICJ are advertised here: http://www.icj-cij.org/en/current-vacancies

INTERNSHIP The ICJ offers 1-3 month long internships to students and young professionals. These are an opportunity for these students and young professionals to put their knowledge and experience into practice, while executing tasks for the Court under the supervision of Registry officials.Given the size of the organization, only a limited number of internships can be offered throughout the year. Placements are, however, possible in all departments and divisions of the Registry.

Key dates ++ Duration: 1-3 months ++ Deadline and advertisement: applications are advertised throughout the year and are accepted on a rolling basis via the online application form Eligibility ++ Working proficiency in English or French ++ Ability to obtain the relevant visa and insurance ++ Ability to cover ones travel, accommodation and living expense How to apply Submit the following to the recrutement-recruitment@icj-cij.org ++ CV ++ Cover letter addressed to the Registrar ++ Copy of official academic transcript (optional) ++ Letter of reference (optional) ++ Writing sample (optional)

UNIVERSITY TRAINEESHIP PROGRAM The ICJ invites applications for the University Traineeship Programme.

The programme was established to enable recent law graduates to gain experience working at the ICJ. It aims to improve participants’ understanding of international law and of the Court’s procedures by actively involving them in the work of the Court and allowing them to build on their experience under the supervision of a judge.

Key dates: ++ The deadline for the submission of applications by universities is in mid February of each year. ++ The Court will select candidates on the basis of their application documents. It is expected to reach its final decision in March/April 2018. Nominating universities will be notified accordingly.

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How to apply: The Court does not accept applications from individuals. Rather, the University must nominate you as a candidate. The ICJ encourages universities to propose more than one, but are strongly encouraged to limit nominations to candidates who have : ++ Excellent results in their law studies; and ++ Demonstrated an interest in international law through their studies, publications or work experience.

The University must submit the following (in word or PDF, in order) to the Registrar at secretariatdeputyregistrar@icj-cij.org: 1. a letter from the university sponsoring the candidate confirming that it accepts all the conditions of the programme; 2. letter from the university sponsoring the candidate confirming that it accepts all the conditions of the programme; 3. letter of application from the candidate; 4. completed ICJ University Trainee Application Form in one of the official languages of the Court; 5. candidate’s curriculum vitae; 6. copy of the candidate’s official academic record; 7. at least two letters of reference for each candidate, preferably from individuals who can attest to the candidate’s abilities in the field of international law.

8. a sample of each candidate’s written work of no more than 15 typewritten pages that has either been submitted for publication or is of similar publishable quality. The ICJ pays particular attention to this part of the application.

For further information, contact the Deputy-Registrar at the above address.

Please note that email attachments may not exceed 20 MB in size. If the files exceed 20 MB, please compress them and/or send multiple emails.

GRADUATE OPPORTUNITIES The International Court of Justice (ICJ) recruits Professionals with international expertise in a particular aspect of the courts work. The Registry includes over 100 people and includes a Department of Legal Matters.

Eligibility ++ Fluency in English or French and a good working knowledge of the other ++ University degree ++ Other requirements for the particular position How to apply: To apply for vacant positions, except as otherwise provided for a particular position, candidates are required to send to the Registrar (recrutement-recruitment@icj-cij.org). ++ United Nations Personal History Form (available at: http:// www.icj-cij.org/en/employment) ++ Supporting letter addressed to the Registrar, indicating the title and number of the relevant vacancy and addressing the position requirements

Location: The Hague (The Netherlands) Area: International criminal law Website: www.icc-cpi.int

O R G A N I Z AT I O N FOR T HE P R O HI B I T I O N O F C HE M I CA L WE A P O NS (O P CW) Location: The Hague (The Netherlands) Area: International diplomacy and policy Website: www.opcw.org

BACKGROUND

BACKGROUND

The International Criminal Court (‘ICC’) is the first permanent, treaty based, international criminal court established to help end impunity for the perpetrators of the most serious crimes of concern to the international community. The Rome Statute lists four areas over which the ICC has jurisdiction: genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes and the crime of aggression. The ICC is an independent international organisation, and is not part of the United Nations system.

The Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (‘OPCW’) is a UN affiliated organisation, tasked with implementing the Chemical Weapons Convention, which entered into force in 1997. The OPCW has 192 Member States, who are working together to achieve a world free of chemical weapons. To achieve this the OPCW works to: ++ destroy all existing chemical weapons under international verification by the OPCW; ++ monitor chemical industry to prevent new weapons from re-emerging; ++ provide assistance and protection to States Parties against chemical threats; and ++ foster international cooperation to strengthen implementation of the Convention and promote the peaceful use of chemistry

INTERNSHIP AND CAREER OPPORTUNITIES INTERNSHIP

The ICC offers a range of internship opportunities and accepts applications as availability arises.

A list of current opportunities can be found on the ICC website: https://www.icc-cpi.int/jobs/Pages/internships-and-VisitingProfessionals.aspx.

Internships include: ++ External (Defence or Victims) LEgal Teams ++ Counsel Support Section ++ Chambers ++ Victims and Witness Section ++ Human Resources Section (Legal) ++ Prosecution Division ++ Presidency ++ Chambers ++ Registry Key Information ++ Time Period: Between 3 to 6 months. ++ Applications are accepted on a rolling basis. ++ How to Apply: Via the ICC’s eRecruitment system on the organisation’s website (https://career5.successfactors.eu/ career?company=1657261P).

CAREER OPPORTUNITIES The ICC offers a challenging and rewarding working environment in the pursuit of international justice. Accordingly, the ICC seek staff who are dedicated to the ICC’s mission to put an end to impunity for the perpetrators of unimaginable crimes that threaten the peace, security and well-being of the world.

Opportunities for temporary visiting opportunities are listed online (https://www.icc-cpi.int/jobs/Pages/internships-and-VisitingProfessionals.aspx) and include: ++ Legal Office ++ External (Defence or Victims) Legal Team ++ Office of the Public Counsel for Defence ++ Prosecution Division ++ Human Resources Section (Legal) Long term opportunities are listed on the ICC website as they become available (https://www.icc-cpi.int/jobs/pages/vacancies.aspx)

INTERNSHIP AND CAREER OPPORTUNITIES Internships with the OPCW are aimed at providing interns the valuable experience of a multi-cultural working environment and enables familiarisation with the operational procedures of decisionmaking at an international level. Internships are available in the OPCW branches, including: ++ Assistance and protection Branch ++ Government Relations and Political Affairs Branch ++ Office of the Legal Advisor ++ Office of Strategy and Policy Key dates: ++ Time Period: Between 3 to 6 months. ++ For internships commencing between May and October, applications are accepted at the start of March ++ For internships commencing between November and April, internships are accepted at the start of September Eligibility ++ Citizen of an OPCW member state (including Australia) ++ Fluent in written and oral English ++ Enrolled in a university degree, or have graduate How to apply: ++ Check the vacancies available. Find the internship announcement under General Service vacancies and proceed to apply »» https://apps.opcw.org/PHFOnline/VacancyList.aspx »» https://www.opcw.org/jobs/internships-at-opcw/ opportunities/ ++ Register, create an account, and log in through the OPCW Jobs website to complete the Internship Personal History form Remuneration, visas, etc ++ Monthly stipend of 450 euros ++ You are responsible for the cost and organisation of travel, visas, accommodation, living, expenses, insurance etc For more information, contact HR at: internships@opcw.org

GRADUATE OPPORTUNITIES Vacancies are posted as they come available at the following website: https://www.opcw.org/jobs/vacancies/

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UN & AFFILIATES

INT ER N AT IO N A L CRIMIN A L CO U RT ( ICC )

INT ER N AT IO N A L TRIBUNA L FO R T H E L AW O F T H E S EA

BA HA’I I N T E R N AT I O NAL CO M M UN I T Y ’S UN I T E D N AT I O N S O F F I C E

Location: Hamburg (Germany) Area: International law of the sea Website: https://www.itlos.org Location: Geneva (Switzerland), New York (United States) Area: International policy and development Website: www.bic.org

BACKGROUND

BACKGROUND

The International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea (‘ITLOS’) is an independent judicial body established by the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea to adjudicate disputes relating to the law of the sea. ITLOS hears disputes relating to the regulation of all ocean space, its uses and resources. ITLOS’s jurisdiction extends to the protection and preservation of the marine environment, marine scientific research, development and transfer of marine technology.

The Tribunal is composed of 21 Judges elected by the States Parties to the Convention and is assisted by an international secretariat, the Registry.

The Baha’i International Community (BIC) represents the worldwide Baha’i community, whose members come from every national, ethnic, religious, cultural, and socio-economic background, representing a cross-section of humanity. BIC’s aim is to contribute to the collective shaping of attitudes needed to advance global prosperity and justice.

INTERNSHIP PROGRAM Approximately 20 internships are available on a yearly basis. The internship program based at the Tribunal in Hamburg, is designed to give interns the opportunity to acquire an understanding of the work and functions of the Tribunal. Interns are expected to contribute to the work of the ITLOS in fields such as the law of the sea, international relations and public international law. Internships are offered in four ITLOS departments; the Legal Office, the Library, Linguistic Services and the Press Office.

Internships are normally full-time and cover a three-month period from: ++ January to March (applications close 30 September), ++ April to June (applications close 31 December), ++ July to September (applications close 31 March), ++ and October to December (applications close 30 June).

Application Requirements ++ Completed at least three years of university studies; ++ Engaged in a postgraduate program at the time of the application and also during the internship; ++ Preferably not more than 35 years of age; ++ Possess a good command of English and/or French; and ++ Have an interest in international law, in particular international law of the sea, international affairs or international institutions and organisations.

Consideration is given to geographic diversity and gender balance.

Application process: Submit the following via the International Tribunals website ++ application form, ++ resume, ++ academic transcript, ++ and if available, a brief sample of research work in English or French.

Remuneration ++ Interns are not paid. The cost of travel, accommodation and living expenses are the responsibility of the interns.

Upon successful completion of the internship, interns will receive a certificate detailing the period of the internship, give examples of the allocated tasks and evaluate the intern’s performance.

For more information, visit: https://www.itlos.org/.

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Active in various global fora, BIC maintains UN offices in New York and Geneva, as well as regional offices in Addis Ababa, Brussels, and Jakarta.

BIC is registered with the UN as an NGO and has consultative status with various UN bodies. The Baha’i International Community collaborates with the UN and its specialized agencies, as well as member states, inter- and non-governmental organizations, academia, and practitioners.

Broadly, BIC works on contributing to policy discourses at the international level by collaborating with individuals, groups and organisations. This involves co-organising events, drafting text, and participating in committees.

INTERNSHIP OPPORTUNITIES The Baha’i International Community’s UN Office offers internship opportunities throughout the year on both full-time and part-time bases, depending on the project and availability of the candidate.

Working with the Office’s research staff and/or one of their Representatives to the UN, interns typically focus on a particular discourse the Office is engaged with, such as peace and security, human rights, gender equality, social development and sustainable development. Interns may be asked to assist in a variety of capacities, including: ++ conducting background research to support the Office’s policy and programmatic work; ++ attending and briefing staff on relevant meetings at the UN and in the NGO community; ++ assisting with preparation of documents for UN Commissions and major events; ++ assisting with Representatives’ work on NGO Committees; ++ translating and editing documents; developing website content; and ++ carrying out administrative tasks.

NEW YORK OFFICE While unable to provide financial remuneration, candidates with visas permitting them to work in the US receive a lunch stipend and reimbursement for commuting expenses.

How to apply: Email your Internship application (Word format), resume and cover letter to Carolina Vasquez, Operations Officer, at cvasquez@bic.org.

Subject line should state: “Application for internship.”

GENEVA OFFICE Due to work permit restrictions, only Swiss, Liechtenstein, European Union candidates and those with residency permits can apply.

How to apply: Email your Internship application (Word fillable format), resume and cover letter to gbaghdadi@bic.org (link sends e-mail). Subject line should state: “Application for internship”.

SABA LUCIEN MOLLAIAN’S INTERNSHIP The experience at the BIC was truly one of a kind.

Not only did I get first-hand experience of the UNrecognised NGO world, but I also got to work for an organisation that represents my beloved Faith. Observing the representatives and staff holding themselves to the same standards I strive towards every day was such an inspiration. Of course, being in New York and soaking up everything this vibrant city has to offer made this internship so much more special.

My advice is apply to anything and everything that interests you! Thank me later.

UN & AFFILIATES

In January and February 2017, I spent six wonderful weeks at the Bahá’í International Community’s United Nations Office (‘BIC’) in New York City. The Bahá’í Faith is an independent world religion that was founded in 19th Century Persia and, in short, it holds as its core beliefs the oneness of God, the oneness of religion and the oneness of mankind. The BIC represents the worldwide Bahá’í community and seeks the empowerment of increasingly larger segments of humanity to work effectively toward the spiritual and material betterment of all. Towards this end, the BIC offers insights of Bahá’í teachings and experience of the worldwide Bahá’í community in trying to put those insights into practice in support of efforts to address global challenges. The BIC is an NGO that has been registered with the UN since 1948 and has consultative status with ECOSOC. The portfolios available at the BIC are Human Rights, Gender Equality, Religion in Society, Social Development, Sustainable Development and Social Media. While New York hosts the biggest office, there is another UN office in Geneva and regional offices in Addis Ababa, Brussels and Jakarta.

For anybody who is interested in interning overseas for a UN-recognised NGO, I highly recommend the BIC – both New York and Geneva offer internship programs. There is such a loving and welcoming environment in the office, and most importantly, the representatives and staff place such an enormous amount of trust in the interns from day one, fully aware that there is a learning curve. Although the representatives need a lot of assistance with their work, there is a degree of flexibility in trying to accommodate interns’ interests. My supervisor even kept saying: ‘You are the protagonist of your own internship!’ While it is a faithbased organisation, there is no requirement for interns to be Bahá’ís. However, there is an expectation for interns to have a grasp of the Bahá’í Faith and what the Faith stands for. I am more than happy to discuss my experience at the BIC, so please don’t hesitate to approach me if you see me around the Law School or just shoot me a message.

During the internship, the 55th Session of the Commission for Social Development (‘CSocD’) took place at the UN Headquarters – which is one of the nine Functional Commissions of ECOSOC. Considering that the BIC was heavily involved with the NGO participation of CSocD, I was lucky enough to be a part of the BIC delegation.

The first half of the internship entailed assisting the office in preparing for CSocD. This included attending meetings of the NGO Committee for Social Development, drafting memorandums, proposing amendments to UN reports and resolutions, emailing Member States of the Commission, etc. Throughout the Commission, I was able to attend the High-level Panel Discussions and NGOorganised side events.

After the Commission came to an end, the main tasks I was assigned were proposing amendments to other UN reports and statements, compiling Bahá’í writings on certain themes and researching other organisations and commissions which the BIC is a part of, such as UNESCO Global Citizenship Education and the Commission on the Status of Women.

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AU ST RA L IA N P E R M A N E N T M I SSI O N TO T H E UN I T E D N AT I O N S

Location: New York, Geneva, Vienna, Nairobi Area: International policy and development Website: http://geneva.mission.gov.au/gene/aboutus.html // http://unny.mission.gov.au/unny/home.html

BACKGROUND There are four posts in which the Australian Mission to the United Nations represents Australia’s interests in the United Nations Systems.

These are: ++ New York (United Nations General Assembly), ++ Geneva (Australian Permanent Mission to the World Trade Organization, the Australian Permanent Mission to the office of the United Nations and the Delegation to the Conference on Disarmament, and the Australian Consulate-General), ++ Nairobi; and ++ Vienna.

GRADUATE ROLES ++ Geneva: http://geneva.mission.gov.au/gene/gene.html ++ New York: http://unny.mission.gov.au/unny/jobs.html

UNITED NATIONS GENERAL ASSEMBLY LOCATION: NEW YORK

The Australian Mission to the United Nations serves as the nucleus of the Australian delegation to the regular sessions of the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA), and represents Australia at a range of UN meetings that take place when the Assembly is not in session. It also participates in the ongoing work of the UN’s other bodies, such as the Security Council and the Economic and Social Council, and follows the activities of the UN’s funds, programs and specialised agencies.

The work of the Mission is intense and diverse, the environment is complex and demanding, and the work is highly rewarding. Interns represent the Australian Government in a formal capacity in an international environment. Therefore candidates are expected to have the following qualities: ++ Be flexible; ++ Be analytical thinkers; ++ Possess a firm understanding of diplomatic principles; ++ Be hard-working; ++ Social maturity and cross-cultural awareness; ++ Clear communication skills

UNGA INTERNSHIP PROGRAM Each year the Australian Mission offers 6 to 7 positions in the UNGA Internship Program in New York, which runs the duration of the high level session of the UNGA from mid-September to mid-December.

The work During your internship you will: ++ Work under the guidance of experienced officers ++ Be expected to contribute to the regular diplomatic reporting undertaken by the Mission; ++ Assist with policy work on the six main UNGA Committees, which cover international security, political and economic issues, human rights, legal and budget. This could include attending committees and meetings, and assisting with negotiations of texts and resolutions; ++ Assist with events and high-level visits associated with “Leaders’ Week”, the high-level week of the General Assembly.

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The General Assembly The high-level session of the General Assembly is a very important part of the United Nations calendar. During this period interns should expect to attend several formal and informal meetings a day, and should be prepared for a busy schedule and working days that extend beyond the following set times. The daily meetings of the General Assembly and its main committees take place from 10 am to 1pm and from 3pm to 6pm, with regional and other groups often meeting in the morning, through the lunch break, and at other times throughout the session.

Internship Training The first week of the UNGA internship program will include briefings and training on the workings of the Mission and the UN as a whole.

Once the General Assembly is in session, the training provided to interns at the Mission is very much ‘on-the-job’. Interns will learn first-hand how the foreign service functions and gain a useful understanding of international negotiations.

Over the course of the program, interns will develop a working knowledge of key UN departments and personnel, and come to grips with the complexities of UN protocol and rules of procedure.

Obligator y Requirements ++ be an Australian citizen, or have been granted Australian citizenship by the end of April 2018 ++ be available to re-locate to New York for the complete duration of the program (10 September – 14 December 2018) ++ be willing to undergo a mandatory police check ++ have completed a minimum of one year of tertiary education Selection Criteria ++ Relevant qualifications and/or experience – with preference given to those who have undertaken studies in the areas of political science, international relations, international law, human rights, gender studies, environment and international development; ++ Clear communication and strong interpersonal skills; ++ Able to operate effectively in a team, contributing positively to team operations and working relationships; ++ Problem-solving and analytical skills; ++ Proven ability to handle high pressure environments, demonstrating initiative and flexibility; and ++ Prior exposure to, or demonstrated knowledge of, the United Nations system and Australian policies and priorities within the United Nations.

Key Dates ++ Applications open: 20 April 2018 ++ Applications close: 11 May 2018 ++ Internship offers extended to successful applicants: end of June 2018 ++ Program runs from Monday 10 September to 14 December

Funding and visa assistance ++ Interns receive a monthly stipend of $1400 USD to assist with living expenses in New York City. Please note that this is not a salary and it does not constitute an employee/ employer relationship. ++ Interns are responsible for their own travel, accommodation and health insurance arrangements. ++ The Mission will assist with visa arrangements.

For more information ++ Please send any queries to unny.generalassembly@dfat.gov. au ++ See: http://unny.mission.gov.au/unny/2018UNGAInternship Applications.html

AD HOC INTERNSHIP PROGRAM (NEW YORK) The Mission is also implementing an internship Program for other times of the year. Applicants should indicate their interest and availability for other opportunities in 2019 when submitting their application for the Missions 2018 UNGA Internship Program.

Vacancies for ad hoc internships will be advertised here when they arise: http://unny.mission.gov.au/unny/jobs.html Please send any queries to unny.generalassembly@dfat.gov.au

AUSTRALIAN PERMANENT MISSION TO THE WORLD TRADE ORGANISATION (WTO) LOCATION: GENEVA

The Australian Permanent Mission to the World Trade Organization in Geneva is responsible for negotiating on Australia’s behalf in the multilateral trading system, managing Australia’s Geneva based aid for trade investments, and representing Australia’s interests in the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) and the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO).

The WTO is the only global body for multilateral negotiations on everything from tariff reduction to subsidies. Australia is an active player across the gamut of WTO issues. The WTO is also the primary arbiter of global trade disputes, through the Dispute Settlement Body.

Australia is a participant in a number of proceedings, either as a party or as a third party.

WTO INTERNSHIP

The Mission offers an Australian to undertake a self-funded internship at the Australian Permanent Mission to the World Trade Organization (WTO) in Geneva. During this internship, you will: ++ Conduct a variety of work ++ Primarily provide support to Australian negotiators working to conclude the Trade in Services Agreement (TiSA), advance negotiations on Agriculture and promote Australia’s interests in the aid for trade space in Geneva; ++ Assist with all aspects of the aid management process. This could include the monitoring and evaluation of existing investments, negotiations around jointly managed funds and the shepherding of ideas into project proposals. ++ Under the guidance of experienced officers, you may be required to represent the Australian Government in a formal capacity – for example, in discussions with other governments.

Selection criteria: ++ Interest and academic qualificaitons in disciplines relating specifically to trade, development and legal issues (preferred) ++ Talented, highly motivated and committed to the goals of the Mission; ++ Good communicators with excellent oral and written communication skills; ++ Self-motivated and innovative; ++ Strategic thinkers and practical problem-solvers; ++ Team players with good organisational skills; ++ Very flexible, adaptable and resourceful; ++ Sensitive to, and appreciative of diversity; and ++ Ability to work under pressure with limited guidance.

Obligator y Requirements ++ be an Australian citizen; ++ possess relevant qualifications and background with preference being given to those who have completed, or are completing, tertiary studies in areas such as political science, economics, international relations, international trade, international law or international development; ++ be willing to undergo a mandatory police check; and ++ be willing to re-locate to Geneva for a period of up to two months, on a self-funded basis, which includes travel, visa, accommodation, and health insurance arrangements.

Key dates: ++ Applications open in August and close mid April. ++ Internship will take place between late October and mid December

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How to apply To apply, please submit the following to unny.generalassembly@dfat. gov.au: ++ A CV of no more than two pages, including names and contact details of two referees (written references are not required); ++ Academic Transcript; ++ Responses to the following questions– please limit each answer to 150 words. Responses over the word limits will not be considered. »» What UN issue are you most passionate about and why? »» Why do you want to do this internship? »» What do you want to do after the internship and how will this internship help you get there? »» What prior exposure or demonstrated knowledge do you have of the United Nations system? »» Describe how you been required to work within a team to achieve a goal? »» Explain a time you had to use your problem-solving and/or analytical skills? »» Please indicate whether you would be available to undertake an internship at other times in 2019.

(Note: Availability will not have a bearing on the outcome of the General Assembly Internship Program)

How to apply To apply you will need to submit the following to intern.application@ australian-mission.ch with the subject line “SURNAME, first name: Internship Application”: ++ your Resume/CV ++ a letter of support from your university (if you are a student); ++ answers to the following questions (maximum of 250 words per questions) »» Why are you applying for the Internship Program in the Australian Mission to the World Trade Organization in Geneva? »» Briefly outline a recent achievement, project or task that demonstrates your analytical and research skills and your ability to think strategically. »» Provide some examples of how you have used your written and oral communication skills to achieve an outcome, in the workplace, or elsewhere. »» The WTO is a set of rules, a forum for negotiation of agreements and a dispute resolution body. Which of these areas is of greatest interest to you, and why? »» Describe an ‘aid for trade’ development project you would be interested in overseeing. Explain how it would contribute to poverty alleviation, growth and jobs. »» Please list any countries outside Australia in which you have lived during the past 10 years. »» (Optional): Do you identify as Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander? »» (Optional): Do you identify as speaking English as your second language? Do you speak any languages other than English?

Short-listed candidates may be interviewed via phone or in person (in Geneva) if convenient. Successful candidates will be advised in writing (by email) after which they will need to undertake a police clearance.

Funding and assistance The Mission is not able to provide financial assistance to successful applicants. You are responsible for your own travel, visa, accommodation, and health insurance arrangements. Be prepared: the cost of living is high in Geneva. Be prepared for a cost of AUD$2,000$3,000 per month in addition to your flights.

For more information ++ Email: intern.application@australian-mission.ch ++ Visit: http://geneva.mission.gov.au/gene/WTOInternships. html

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AUSTRALIAN PERMANENT MISSION TO THE OFFICE OF THE UNITED NATIONS LOCATION: GENEVA

The Mission represents Australia at the Human Rights Council and its subsidiary mechanisms and advocates strongly for our national positions and policies. Australia considers the Human Rights Council should address all violations of human rights – whenever and wherever they occur. Australia is a party to all major human rights treaties and the Mission engages with the bodies established under these treaties to promote their universal adherence and implementation. The Mission also works closely with the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.

Australia is seeking a seat for the United Nations Human Rights Council 2018-2020. Our inaugural candidacy reflects our commitment to the aims and purposes of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and to the ongoing promotion and protection of human rights.

HUMAN RIGHTS INTERNSHIP The Australian Permanent Mission to the United Nations offers three opportunities per year for Australians to undertake voluntary internships on a self-funded basis at the Australian Permanent Mission to the United Nations in Geneva during the sessions of the UN Human Rights Council (and sometimes a session of the Universal Periodic Review). The Mission seeks people with the skills, education, knowledge and abilities to contribute to advancing Australia’s national interests in the United Nations.

The work The Australian Permanent Mission to the United Nations in Geneva is responsible for representing Australia’s interests in the United Nations system. The work can be rigorous and diverse, requiring flexibility, clear thinking, good communication skills and a sound understanding of diplomacy and the international political landscape. Under the guidance of experienced officers, interns are involved in supporting and advancing Australia’s interests at the international level in a wide range of areas. Interns will develop a thorough understanding of government policy, particularly as it relates to the area of work to which they are assigned. Interns may be required to represent the Australian Government in a formal capacity – for example, by assisting with negotiations of texts and resolutions and attending committees and meetings.

Human Rights Council Much of the work of the Australian Mission revolves around preparing for, attending and reporting on, conferences and meetings at the UN. The significant expansion of Australia’s participation in the UN means that meeting activity is fairly constant throughout the year. However, the Human Rights Council and Universal Periodic Review sessions are the pivotal points of the United Nations human rights calendar in Geneva. From 2018-20, interns will have the opportunity to work on Australia’s Human Rights Council membership term. During these periods, interns will be expected to attend several formal and informal meetings a day. The daily meetings generally take place from 9.00am to 6.00pm but working groups and side panels also occur at different times throughout the session. Be prepared for a busy schedule and working days that will often extend beyond these set times.

Obligator y Requirements ++ be an Australian citizen (this is a mandatory requirement); ++ possess relevant qualifications and background with preference being given to those who have completed, or are completing, tertiary studies in areas such as political science, international relations, international law, human rights or international development; ++ have prior exposure to, or demonstrated knowledge of, the United Nations system (highly desirable although not essential); ++ have an interest in human rights, and be able to demonstrate this ++ be willing to undergo a mandatory police check; and ++ be willing to re-locate to Geneva for a period of up to two months, on a self-funded basis, which includes travel, visa, accommodation, and health insurance arrangements.

Selection Criteria ++ academic qualifications in disciplines relating specifically to human rights and legal issues are preferred; ++ talented, highly motivated and committed to the goals of the Mission; ++ good communicators with excellent oral and written communication skills; ++ self motivated and innovative ++ strategic thinkers and practical problem-solvers; ++ team players with good organisational skills; ++ flexible, adaptable and resourceful; ++ sensitive to, and appreciative of diversity; and ++ ability to work under pressure with limited guidance. ++ a second language is desirable but certainly not essential; ++ be a student or recent graduate. Many interns come into the Mission while continuing their university studies. Others have recently completed their studies, and join us from the workforce. If you graduated some time ago and have substantial work or internship experience, you may prefer to apply for positions advertised by the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade in Canberra.

How to apply To apply you will need to submit the following to un.geneva@dfat. gov.au with the subject line “SURNAME, first name: Internship Application”: ++ your Resume/CV ++ a letter of support from your university (if you are a student); ++ answers to the following questions (maximum of 250 words per questions) »» Why are you applying for the Internship Program in the Australian Mission to the United Nations in Geneva? »» What are your particular interests in the field of Human Rights? »» Briefly outline a recent achievement, project or task that demonstrates your analytical and research skills and your ability to think strategically. »» Provide some examples of how you have used your written and oral communication skills to achieve an outcome, in the workplace, or elsewhere. »» Please list any countries outside Australia in which you have lived during the past 10 years. »» (Optional): Do you identify as Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander? »» (Optional): Do you identify as speaking English as your second language? Do you speak any languages other than English?

Short-listed candidates may be interviewed via phone or in person (in Geneva) if convenient. Successful candidates will be advised in writing (by email) after which they will need to undertake a police clearance.

For fur ther information ++ Email un.geneva@dfat.gov.au ++ http://geneva.mission.gov.au/gene/un_internship.html

Funding and assistance ++ The Mission is not able to provide financial assistance to successful applicants. You are responsible for your own travel, visa, accommodation, and health insurance arrangements. Be prepared: the cost of living is high in Geneva. You should plan for living costs of around A$2,000$3,000 per month in addition to your flights.

Key Dates The internship program takes place three times per year. ++ May-June/July (UPR and HRC session): Applications accepted from 20 December - 15 January ++ September-October/November (UPR and HRC session): Applications accepted from 1-15 April ++ February-March (HRC Session): Applications accepted from 1-15 August ++ Applications outside these dates will not be considered

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As much as possible, the Mission will take into consideration the particular interests of interns when allocating tasks and meeting attendances.

AUSTRALIAN DISARMAMENT DELEGATION LOCATION: GENEVA

Australia believes that disarmament and arms control serve our national security by promoting global and regional stability. Australia is a party to all major disarmament treaties, including those prohibiting weapons of mass destruction and inhumane conventional weapons.

Australia is committed to realising the vision set out in these treaties and is a key donor on combating the effects of landmines, cluster munitions and the proliferation small arms and light weapons.

Geneva is an international centre of disarmament diplomacy, with the following based in Geneva: ++ The principal multilateral negotiating body on disarmament, the Conference on Disarmament ++ Many disarmament and arms control meetings, such as meetings under the Biological Weapons Convention, the Anti-Personnel Mine Ban Convention and the Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons. ++ Headquarters of many non-governmental organisations, think-tanks and lobby groups on disarmament.

The role of the Ambassador for Disarmament and the Disarmament Delegation is to promote and advocate for Australia’s objectives on disarmament and arms control. The Disarmament Delegation contributes to the negotiation of new treaties and instruments, as well as promoting full adherence and implementation of existing treaties and instruments. The Delegation represents Australia in Geneva-based fora, as well as in disarmament-related meetings outside of Geneva. The Disarmament Delegation monitors Australia’s financial contributions to mechanisms assisting the implementation of these treaties, such as the Implementation Support Unit of the Anti-Personnel Mine Ban Convention and the Sponsorship Fund of the Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons.

The Australian Disarmament Delegation works in the following areas: ++ Conference on Disarmament; ++ UN General Assembly First Committee; ++ Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty; ++ Biological Weapons Convention; ++ Landmines, Cluster Munitions and other Conventional Weapons; ++ Conventional Arms Trade; and ++ A range of other security-related issues, including space security, cyber security and international humanitarian law.

DISARMAMENT INTERNSHIP Each year, two internships are offered to cover a range of disarmament and arms control meetings in Geneva. Depending on the time of year, these could include the Conference on Disarmament as well as meetings under a range of instruments such as the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT), Biological Weapons Convention (BWC), Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons (CCW), Convention on Cluster Munitions (CCM), Anti-Personnel Mine Ban Convention (MBC) and UN Programme of Action on small arms and light weapons.

During your internship you will: ++ Work under the guidance of experienced officers; ++ Be involved in supporting and advancing Australia’s interests at the international level in a wide range of areas; ++ Need to develop a sound understanding of government policy particularly as it relates to the area of work to which you are assigned; ++ May be required to represent the Australian Government in a formal capacity – for example, by assisting with

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negotiations of texts and attending committees and meetings. ++ Preparing for, attending and reporting on conferences and meetings. Meeting activity is fairly constant throughout the year. During the internships, interns will be expected to attend regular formal and informal meetings. Daily meetings usually take place from 10.00am to 1.00pm and from 3.00pm to 6.00pm but working groups and side panels also occur at different times throughout the session. Be prepared for a busy schedule and working days that will often extend beyond these set times.

As much as possible, the Mission will take into consideration the particular interests of interns when allocating tasks and meeting attendances.

Internship training The training provided to interns at the Mission is very much “onthe-job”. You will learn first-hand how the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade functions and gain a useful understanding of diplomatic protocol. In the course of your internship, you will need to develop networks with representatives of other States, international organisations and NGOs, gain working knowledge of key departments and personnel and come to grips with, amongst other things, the complexities of UN meetings and rules of procedure. In addition to attending formal and informal meetings, interns will be expected to contribute to the regular reporting undertaken by Mission officers and a range of other tasks.

Obligator y Requirements ++ be an Australian citizen; ++ be a current student or at an early stage in your career ++ possess relevant qualifications and background with preference being given to those who have recently (within the last two years) completed, or are close to completing, tertiary studies in areas such as international relations, international security, international law (including international humanitarian law), defence studies or biological sciences; ++ have prior exposure to, or demonstrated knowledge of, the United Nations system (highly desirable although not essential); ++ be willing to undergo a mandatory police check; ++ be willing to re-locate to Geneva, on a self-funded basis, which includes arranging travel, visa, accommodation, and health insurance.

Selection Criteria ++ academic qualifications in disciplines relating specifically to disarmament and arms control are preferred. An academic background in international law will also be considered favourably, although it is not an essential requirement. ++ talented, highly motivated and committed to the goals of the Mission; ++ good communicators with excellent oral and written communication skills; ++ self-motivated and innovative; ++ strategic thinkers and practical problem-solvers; ++ team players with good organisational skills; ++ very flexible, adaptable and resourceful; and ++ sensitive to, and appreciative of diversity.

Funding and assistance The Mission is not able to provide financial assistance to successful applicants. You are responsible for your own travel, visa, accommodation, and health insurance arrangements. Be prepared: the cost of living is high in Geneva. Be prepared for a cost of $2,000 - $3000 dollars per month in addition to your flights.

How to apply To apply you will need to submit the following to Disarmament.

Geneva@dfat.gov.au: ++ your Resume/CV ++ a letter of application; ++ a letter of support from your university (if you are a student); ++ answers to the following questions (maximum of 150 words per questions) »» 1. What are your particular interests in the field of disarmament and arms control? »» 2. Briefly outline a recent achievement, project or task that demonstrates your analytical and research skills and your ability to think strategically. »» 3. Provide a recent example of how you have used your written and oral communication skills to achieve an outcome, in your studies, in the workplace, or elsewhere. »» 4. Provide a recent example of how you have used your organisational skills and your ability to work under pressure with limited guidance and to manage conflicting priorities. »» 5. It is essential that our interns can work effectively within a team and demonstrate significant flexibility in their approach to the work of the Mission.

Describe a recent example that demonstrates your team skills and flexibility. »» 6. Please list any countries outside Australia in which you have lived in the past 10 years.

Short-listed candidates may be interviewed by the Internship Selection Committee via phone or in person (in Geneva) if convenient.

The Internship Selection Committee will advise successful candidates in writing (usually by email), after which they will have to undertake a police clearance.

For more information ++ Visit: http://geneva.mission.gov.au/gene/Homeinternship. html ++ http://geneva.mission.gov.au/gene/Disarmam.html ++ Contact the Delegation: »» Ph. +41 (0) 22 799 9100 »» Fax. +41 (0) 22 799 9175 »» Email. Disarmament.Geneva@dfat.gov.au

AUSTRALIAN PERMANENT MISSION TO THE OFFICE OF THE UNITED NATIONS LOCATION: NAIROBI

THE DIRECT AID PROGRAM If you are more interested in undertaking a devleopment project, consider the Direct Aid Program.

The Direct Aid Program is designed to provide financial assistance to eligible groups or organisations undertaking suitable small scale development projects. Projects can be in any sector (e.g. community health, education, small scale infrastructure, sanitation, rural development, environmental development, gender equality, conferences and training activities, and cultural and sporting activities) but must aim to alleviate basic humanitarian hardships, have a developmental outcome and be implemented within a relatively short period of time. In certain cases, consideration may be given to contributions to disaster relief operations.

Some key considerations: ++ Funding is available on a not-for-profit basis to community groups, NGOs and other entities engaged in development activities in countries that are eligible for ODA (elgible countries: http://dfat.gov.au/people-to-people/direct-aidprogram/Pages/direct-aid-program.aspx). ++ DAP grants are awarded to a maximum of AUD 60,000 (USD 47,640). However, applicants are encouraged to apply for funding in the range of AUD 5,000 (USD 3,970) to AUD 30,000 (USD 23,820) ++ projects must be self-sustaining ++ recurrent/ongoing costs - such as salaries/rental/utility costs, micro credit schemes - will not be supported.

Key dates ++ The program runs according to the financial year. ++ Applications close on 30 September How to apply 1. Apply via the online form available on: http://kenya. embassy.gov.au/nair/dap.html. The application form requires applicants to include the following information: »» background of group requesting assistance »» a description of the project and its objectives »» an accurate financial breakdown of costs involved (invoices must be attached to substantiate costings) »» A Risk Management strategy that (if relevant) includes assessment of risks to children »» timeframe for implementing the project »» copy of organisation’s registration certificate »» referees 2. The Australian High Commission appoints a DAP Committee to undertake a shortlisting and final selection process.

You will only be notified if your project is successful. Final decisions on funding of projects will depend on various factors, including the cost of an individual project, its merits in comparison to other requests for assistance, and of course, the availability of funds under the Direct Aid Program.

3. Approved projects will be subject to stringent monitoring, including financial acquittal which should be complete and fully accounted on the date as agreed in the grant agreement letter. Any funds not expended by that date must be returned to the High Commission. The applicant is expected to also keep the community in the project area informed that the funding was provided by the Australian Government.

For more information: ++ Visit: http://kenya.embassy.gov.au/nair/dap.html ++ Guidelines: http://dfat.gov.au/people-to-people/direct-aidprogram/Pages/direct-aid-program.aspx ++ Email: directaidprogram.nairobi@dfat.gov.au.

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Key dates: ++ Internship around April to May: Apply between 13 November to 1 December ++ Internship around November to December: Apply between 28 May to 8 June ++ Applications received outside these dates will not be considered. ++ Prospective interns are asked to be available for around eight weeks, though some flexibility can be considered. Final dates can be settled with the Mission once an intern has been offered a position. ++ Applicants may not be given much notice before the internship commences. They urge you to consider this when making your application and ensure that you are prepared both for the financial and time considerations of a successful application.

INTERNATIONAL LAW & FINANCE, TRADE & ECONOMICS

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AS IA N I N F RAST R UCT UR E IN V EST M E N T BA N K (A I I B )

Location: Headquarters in Beijing Area: International investment banking Website: https://www.aiib.org/en/index.html

BACKGROUND

YOUNG PROFESSIONALS PROGRAM

The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) is a multilateral development bank, whose mission is to: ++ Foster sustainable economic growth, create wealth and improve infrastructure connectivity in Asia by investing in infrastructure and other productive areas ++ Promote regional cooperation and partnership

AIIB offers outstanding Young Professionals (YPs) in the early stages of the careers to contribute to realising the Banks mission as AIIB grows. YP’s will work with the Bank’s staff to develop, enhance and leverage their professional skills and experience while acquiring hands-on experience. Working with clients in Asia’s public and private sectors, YP’s gain a deep understanding of, and broader perspectives on the Region’s infrastructure development and financing challenges and opportunities.

AIIB’s team is comprised of experienced and skilled professionals from around the world who are passionate about making a positive difference in the lives of Asia’s citizens. AIIB values: openness, transparency, independence and accountability. The culture at AIIB encourages fairness, respect and an environment that encourages teamwork, engagement, learning and knowledge sharing.

INTERNSHIP AND CAREER OPPORTUNITIES AIIB offers various opportunities for students and graduates who are: ++ Highly skilled and experienced ++ Self-starters and fast learners ++ Innovators and creators ++ Contributors and team players ++ Independent thinkers and strategic risk takers ++ Adaptable and flexible ++ Problem-solvers and solution-finders ++ Trustworthy, candid and honest

INTERNSHIP AIIB’s internship program aims to offer postgraduate students an opportunity to gain relevant work experience while contributing to the growth and success of AIIB. Apply via the AIIB’s website: https:// www.aiib.org/en/opportunities/career/job-vacancies/internship/ index.html

During the program, YPs will receive mentoring, training, career guidance and development opportunities to enable them to develop professionally.

Apply for the program via AIIB’s website: https://www.aiib.org/en/ opportunities/career/young-professionals-program/index.html Key dates: ++ Duration: 2 years with 3 rotational assignments of approximately 8 months, tailored to your individual skill sets and expertise.

CONSULTANT AND CAREER OPPORTUNITIES Opportunities are advertised on AIIB’s website as vacancies arise: ++ Careers (Long term): https://www.aiib.org/en/ opportunities/career/job-vacancies/staff/index.html ++ Consultancy positions (Short-term): https://www.aiib.org/ en/opportunities/career/job-vacancies/consultant/index. html AIIB has two categories: ‘global’ positions that are open to international talent, and ‘in-country’ positions open for candidates already based in China, regardless of nationality.

AIIB selects candidates upon, amongst other things: ++ technical competence, ++ in-depth experience in relevant sectors, ++ international experience and ++ educational background

Eligibility requirements: ++ Excellent academic records ++ Enrolled in a masters full-time graduate study program (like Melbourne Law School’s JD or MLM’s). Candidates studying degrees in aligned with AIIB’s institutional goals are preferred. ++ Relevant professional work experience (including summer jobs and internships) is not necessary but would be an advantage ++ Fluency in oral and written English ++ No partners or close relatives that are AIIB staff members.

Key dates: ++ Recruitment process occurs in February and April each year ++ Duration of internships: 2-3 months Remuneration, visas, insurance, etc ++ Monthly allowance of USD1800 ++ AIIB may bear expenses associated with visa application ++ AIIB will provide round-trip economy tickets to fly to Beijing

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FINANCE

Focus areas: sovereign and non-sovereign financing for sound and sustainable projects in energy and power, transportation and telecommunication, rural infrastructure and agriculture development, water supply and sanitation, environmental protection and urban development and logistics.

AS IA N D E V E LO P M E N T BA N K (A D B )

Location: HQ in Manila (Phillippines), 31 field offices around the world Area: International finance Website: www.adb.org

BACKGROUND The Asian Development Bank (ADB) is a regional development bank dedicated to reducing poverty in Asia and the Pacific through inclusive economic growth, environmentally sustainable growth, and regional integration.

ADB assists its members and partners by providing loans, technical assistance, grants and equity investments for activities that promote social and economic development. ADB has five key work areas that support ADB’s three complementary agendas (economic growth, environmentally sustainable growth and regional integration): ++ Infrastructure (energy, information and communications technology, transport, urban development, water) ++ Education, ++ Finance sector development, ++ Regional cooperation and integration ++ Environment ADB maximises the development impact of its assistance in these areas by facilitating policy dialogues, providing advisory services, and mobilising financial resources through cofinancing operations that tap official commercial export credit sources.

INTERNSHIP AND CAREER OPPORTUNITIES INTERNSHIP

ADB offers graduate students (including MLM and JD) to gain experience through research assignments based on ADB’s current operational needs. The internship program offers the opportunity to: ++ work in a major international development organisation; ++ work collaboratively with experienced professionals from over 50 different countries; ++ gain a deeper understanding of development finance and the impact of the work ADB does; and ++ contribute to ADB’s business through research outputs.

Applicant Requirements: Individual internship positions have individual prerequisites, but generally they require: ++ Enrolled in a Masters degree in an ADB member nation (JD and MLM courses satisfy this), during and after the internship; ++ Be engaged in academic study in a filed directly related to ADB’s work (e.g. commerce, law); ++ Be a national of one of ADB’s members (Australia is a member; see: https://www.adb.org/about/members) ++ Have excellent written and spoken English skills ++ Have professional experiences relevant to the assignment How to apply: Internship opportunities are posted on ADB’s website (https://www. adb.org/site/careers/internship-program) approximately twice a year or as positions become available. The application involves submitting your CV and answering essay questions.

Availabilities and key dates: ++ Internships from January onwards, apply: 15 August October. ++ Internships from June onwards, apply: 1 December to 4 February. ++ Duration: 8 to 26 weeks

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YOUNG PROFESSIONALS PROGRAM The Young Professionals Program (YPP) is an entry-level recruitment program that provides graduates with the foundation for a challenging and rewarding professional career in an international development environment, and offers a range of opportunities to develop professional skills and understanding of ADB’s operations, policies and procedures. Candidates are placed in an ADB’s department or office that best fits their skills and competencies.

During the YPP, you are expected to demonstrate competencies required for the relevant positions as you conduct work assignments that enable you to further develop your expertise and broaden your perspective through exposure to various aspects of ADBs work. You may work on: fact finding and appraisal, project review and completion, country programming, sector and policy studies or disbursement.

Under the guidance f your supervisors and the human resources team you will establish your development plan, which enables you to improve your technical skills and acquaint yourself with ADB policies and procedures.

Requirements/eligibility: ++ Under 32 years of age at time of joining ADB ++ University degree in economics, finance, public policies or other areas relevant to ADB’s work (e.g. law) ++ At least 2 years relevant professional experience in any of the following fields: macro or development economics; agriculture and natural resources; climate change; commercial/investment banking or corporate investment; education; energy; the environment; the financial sector; public health; public-private partnerships; rural development; transport; urban planning; or water operations. ++ Be a national of one of ADB’s members (e.g. Australia) ++ Excellent oral and written English skills ++ Able to work with others of different nationalities and cultures How to apply: Apply via: https://www.adb.org/site/careers/adb-youngprofessionals-program Duration: 3 year, fixed-term appointment with 12 month rotations.

CAREER OPPORTUNITIES Availabilities at ABD for International staff, positions in the ADB Institute in Tokyo, and national and administrative staff vacancies at resident missions (country offices) are advertised on its careers portal (https://www.adb.org/site/careers/current-opportunities How to apply: Submit your application for listed vacancies through the ADB Career and Employment System (ACES) by clicking on the vacancy on the website listed above. You must apply by the deadline listed on the position description.

For further information see: https://www.adb.org/site/careers/main

WO R L D TRA D E O R G A N I Z AT I O N (WTO)

Location: Geneva (Switzerland) Area: Trade policy and law Website: www.wto.org

BACKGROUND

YOUNG PROFESSIONALS PROGRAMME

The WTO is an inter-governmental organisation with an overriding purpose to help trade flow as freely as possible between nations.

Its goal is to provide governing rules of trade to assist producers of goods and services, as well as exporters and importers, conduct their business.

WTO’s Young Professionals Programme (YPP) provides qualified young professionals from WTO member countries to enhance their knowledge of WTO and international trade issues, and enhance their chances of being recruited by the WTO and/or other regional and international organisations.

The functions of the WTO include administering trade agreements, providing a forum for trade negotiations, handling trade disputes, monitoring national trade policies, providing technical assistance and training for developing countries and cooperating with other international organisations.

If chosen, you will be allocated to a specific division of the WTO Secretariat in accordance with the needs and priorities of the WTO and your area of interest. Areas of work may include: accessions, agriculture, dispute settlement, intellectual property rights, market access, rules, trade and development, trade and environment, trade in services and investment, trade facilitation, trade policy analysis and trade-related technical assistance

INTERNSHIP

The WTO Secretariat offers an internship program for post-graduate university students that desire a deeper knowledge of the multilateral trading system, and experience working at the ATO. Only a limited number of such internship posts are available, and interns are selected based on merit, taking into account eligibility criteria, academic qualifications and expertise.

During your internship you will be given assignments intended to enhance your understanding of the WTO and trade policy more generally. However, internships include opportunities in other specialist areas, including: trade law, economics, statistics, languages, information management and external relations.

Application requirements: ++ Postgraduate student from a WTO member (including Australia) ++ Between the ages of 21 and 30 ++ Completed at least one degree of your postgraduate studies How to apply: Submit your application via the WTO e-Recruitment website (https:// erecruitment.wto.org/).

Remuneration, visa, insurance: ++ Interns receive a daily allowance of CHF 60. However the WTO does not cover your travel expenses ++ You must have medical insurance. You can arrange this individually or opt to be insured by the WTO’s insurance arrangement which costs approximately USD 36 per month.

This can be arranged on your first day of work.

Key dates ++ Duration: maximum of 6 months. ++ Deadlines: Intake is on a rolling basis. However, there may be specific vacancy notices for internship positions requiring particular qualifications, skill-sets and deadlines.

Requirements/eligibility ++ National of a WTO member state (e.g. Australia) ++ Graduated from an advanced university degree in law, economics and other international-trade related subjects ++ Minimum 2 years relevant experience ++ Demonstrate a high level of interest in international trade and commitment to WTO-related work ++ Fluent in English. A good working knowledge of one of WTO’s other official language (French and Spanish) would be advantageous ++ Be under 32 years old at the start date of the YPP ++ Preference is given to nationals of WTO members without any representation at the professional level in the Secretariat.

How to apply: Application availabilities and instructions are listed on the WTO e-recruitment website (https://erecruitment.wto.org/public/indexwto.asp?lng=en). The application includes submitting a letter of motivation.

Key dates ++ Duration: 1 year Remuneration and benefits ++ Monthly salary of CHF 3,500. ++ WTO provides appropriate medical cover and travel costs

CAREERS WTO Secretariat employs over 600 staff from around 80 WTO member countries. Staff roles include dispute settlement lawyers, legal officers, trade policy analysts and more, who all ensure that trade negotiations progress smoothly and that the rules of international trade are correctly implemented.

Availabilities and how to apply: To view vacancies and apply, visit the WTO’s E-Recruitment system (https://erecruitment.wto.org/public/index-wto.asp?lng=en)

Global Legal Careers Guidebook 85

FINANCE

INTERNSHIP AND CAREER OPPORTUNITIES

86 Global Legal Careers Guidebook

PRIVATE PRACTICE

TIPS & DEADLINES

PRIVATE PRACTICE

ALLEN & OVERY ALLENS LINKLATERS ASHURST BAKER MCKENZIE FRESHFIELDS BRUCKHAUS DERINGER HERBERT SMITH FREEHILLS KING & WOOD MALLESONS LATHAM & WATKINS SKADDEN SLAUGHTER & MAY

Global Legal Careers Guidebook 87

INTERNATIONAL CORPORATE FIRMS: APPLICATION TIPS & DEADLINES

01

02

03

Online application

Online Assessments

Interview(s)

Typically, you must apply by email or online via the firms webpage or gradconnection.com, and include: ++ your CV, ++ a Cover Letter, ++ and your academic transcript for your tertiary and sometimes also secondary education.

You may also be asked to complete short answer questions. For example: ++ What are your main interests, activities and pastimes? Please describe responsibilities you have held at school/university? ++ Describe a recent major challenge you have faced and how you responded as an individual. ++ Why are you interested in pursuing a career in international commercial law? ++ Why are you applying to this firm specifically? ++ Please write about a current issue or news article that has interested you and how you feel that subject matter is relevant to the firm.

88 Global Legal Careers Guidebook

++ ++ ++ ++

Logical reasoning Verbal reasoning Personality questionnaire There are many samples online you can do to practice, including the ‘test run’ for the online verbal reasoning test by Herbert Smith Freehills (https://careers. herbertsmithfreehills.com/uk/ grads/test-run)

Typically the application process involves an inperson interview, and some firms conduct multiple interviews.

How to shine in your interview ++ remember to be yourself throughout! ++ revise and practice. Revisit your application before your interview as some interview questions are likely to be based on this ++ Stay up-to-date with topical, commercial or business issues as you may be asked what you think about a particular matter and why, ++ be confident ++ prepare questions to ask at the end of the interview covering issues you genuinely want to learn about Content of interviews, typically consists of: ++ A group interview and/or case study assessment ++ Questions about your interest in commercial law and the firm ++ Questions about your CV and cover letter ++ Questions about a certain area of law Hong Kong vacation schemes and training contracts ++ Many firms hold their interviews in either Melbourne or another major city in Australia during semester 1 around the time of the Hong Kong Law Fair, whilst others conduct their interviews via videoconferencing. ++ Interviews typically consist of: »» A case study assignment conducted as part of a group. »» A Chinese language written and/ or oral assessment

WHAT ARE FIRMS LOOKING FOR

GETTING STARTED

There is no specific single ‘type’ of person that firms are seeking. Firms tend to advertise the positions with a list of specific skills, experience or abilities that are required or desirable. You should address these in your cover letter, and demonstrate them with examples.

If you have decided to apply for a clerkship, internship, vacation scheme, training contract or whatever unique title your chosen firm uses, here are some tips to maximise your efficiency:

Firms typically consider the following main attributes: ++ Rights to work in the relevant jurisdiction - most firms will specify if they will offer you assistance in gaining the relevant visa requirements. ++ Good grades - grades are important, however they are not the be all and end all. Most firms take a holistic analysis of your application, considering your other experiences and attributes, and any specified mitigating circumstances that may have affected your academic performance. If you have some less than stellar marks for a subject, questions about this may be raised in the interview so be prepared to address this. ++ Legal and non-legal work experience - whilst legal work experience is obviously a great asset, it is not essential.

Firms also value the transferrable skills you have picked up through your part-time work, such as time management and customer service skills you picked up in hospitality. You should include these in your CV and explain how they are transferrable to the legal work in your cover letter. ++ Good communication skills ++ Good organisational skills

++ Get started early - Some firms evaluate applications, conduct interviews and make offers on a rolling basis or on an ‘until filled’ basis. When applications open, check what each firm requires and the type of questions they are asking. Some have no additional questions, whilst others may have a lot. ++ Research the firms - many firms have unique values, features or practice areas they are particularly interested in and drive the firms focus and culture. Know what sets the firms apart so you can choose the right firm for you, and use this in your cover letter to demonstrate your understanding of the firm. ++ Talk to people - most students who have gone through the process are happy to talk about the process. Similarly, many associates and graduate recruitment managers or human resources representatives will answer questions you might have and might be willing to meet with you for a chat. Melbourne Law School Careers can also advise you on how to prepare and improve your CV and cover letter and tailor it for the roles you are applying for. ++ Make a new CV and cover letter - cover letters for clerkships and training contracts are not the same as those for other non-legal positions.

++ Extra-curricular activities - these show your interest in the law and may help make up deficiencies in your grades or work experience. They also provide you with great material to talk about during your interview. ++ The ability to work as a team as well as the initiative to work independently ++ Interests outside the law - firms don’t want robots, that’s what AI is for. Rather, they want well-rounded individuals.

Whilst firms are looking for candidates that are dedicated to a career in law, they also want colleagues that have a life outside the law whom they’ll enjoy eating lunch or getting a drink with.

PRIVATE PRACTICE

++ Commercial awareness - What is this you ask? Basically, its having some understanding of how the business world works. Firms want to see you can look at a situation from a commercial perspective.

Global Legal Careers Guidebook 89

WRITING YOUR CV

WRITING YOUR COVER LETTER

There is no single correct way to write your CV, but to maximise the utility of this powerful sales tool, there are a few key elements you should include:

Most applications require you to provide a cover letter and your CV. Some tips for an effective cover letter:

++ Personal details - Full name in capitals, address, phone number, email address. If you have a LinkedIn account include this too. ++ Objective - outline of what you want to achieve professionally ++ Work experience - include legal and non-legal experience in chronological order. Many of the skills gained in nonlegal work are transferable and can be an asset in a legal workplace. For each position you should include your title (e.g. Paralegal), the company, a short explanation of the role and the relevant skills and duties involved. ++ Education - at least high school and university degrees ++ Academic achievements - include undergraduate and graduate studies. Some firms will require you to also specify your ATAR or equivalent from high school. Also include any academic awards or competitions. ++ Extra-curricular activities and skills - including any competitions, university or community clubs or societies, mentoring programs, musical instruments, languages, sports, or volunteering. These exhibit a range of transferable skills and demonstrate your personality. ++ Referees - ideally at least two professional referees who can comment on your work ethic and skill base. It is recommended that you contact your referees to get their permission and give them a heads up.

++ Use a formal business letter format. However, a slightly different, sleek style may help your cover letter stand out. ++ If possible, do not address the letter to ‘Whom it May Concern’. Try to address it to the contact person specified in the job description. This is typically the Human Resources or Graduate Recruitment Manager. If you are unsure, call the firm. ++ Mention if you met representatives of the firm at an event. ++ Tailor your cover letter to the firm. Firms can easily spot pro forma cover letters. To tailor your letter effectively you should research areas of the law the firm specailises in, the firms values and familiarise yourself with deals they have been involved with. A pro-tip is to read the firms annual report. ++ Differentiate and sell yourself. Positions are highly competitive, so be sure to emphasise your strengths, be enthusiastic about the challenges that lie ahead, and show sincere interest in the position. However, be careful not to over-sell yourself or to ‘stretch the truth’. Anything you mention may be brought up in interviews. ++ Address relevant section criteria in your cover letter. ++ Keep it brief - one page should be sufficient. ++ Supplement, but do not rehash your CV. ++ Proofread! With multiple applications, the stray error (e.g. spelling or incorrect firm name) can easily slip by, so a fresh set of eyes can help. ++ Send as a PDF rather than as a Word document.

SAMPLE FORMAT ++ Contact details: »» Your name should be at the top, followed by your contact details (address, phone number and email address). If you have a LinkedIn account, consider including that in your CV, but not your cover letter. »» This should be followed by the name, position and address of the person you are applying to (typically the Human Resources or Graduate Recruitment Manager). ++ It is also good practice to include a subject line, such as “RE: Application for 2019 Summer Clerkship.” ++ Introduction - Introduce yourself to the firm with a clear statement about who you are and that you want to apply for the position. Specify where you saw the position advertised.

State what year of your law degree you are studying, and any highlights of your academic achievements. ++ Why commercial law - explain your interest in commercial law and demonstrate this with reference to your CV ++ Convey why you want to work at that firm specifically Refer to specific features of the firm such as clients, cases, culture, areas of law, and how you are passionate about this. Include any opportunities and challenges the position presents and how they apply to you. ++ Show why you should get the job - Demonstrate how you satisfy the selection criteria (required and desirable), drawing upon your personal, legal and other experiences. Be careful not to regurgitate your CV at this stage - rather, highlight why you will add value to the firm. ++ Next steps - In the final paragraph express your willingness and availability to meet and discuss the role further. If applicable, also refer to other documents attached as required. ++ Conclude - by thanking them for taking he time to read your application. ++ Pro-tip: include a scanned/real signature

90 Global Legal Careers Guidebook

D EADLIN ES AUSTRALIA

LONDON DEADLINES

CLERKSHIP AND GRADUATE PROGRAM DEADLINES

VACATION SCHEME DEADLINES

Office

Application dates

Offers

Melbourne

9 July - 12 August

18 October

Sydney

18 June 2018 - 15 July 2018

26 September

Canberra

18 June 2018 - 15 July 2018

Brisbane

26 Feb 2018 - 26 Mar 2018

14 May

Perth

16 July 2018 - 5 Aug 2018

21 September

HONG KONG VACATION AND TRAINING CONTRACT DEADLINES Applications typically open between October and November, and close between January and April. Some firms have noted that you can still email your application to the relevant Graduate Recruitment manager after the application deadline, however you should aim to submit your application before the deadline as this does not apply to all firms.

Deadline (based on 2018 deadlines)

Firms

15 January

Ashurst Freshfields

20 January

King & Wood Mallesons

31 January

Davis Polk Baker McKenzie Minter Ellison Clifford Chance Linklaters Simmons & Simmons

Deadline

Firms

3 January

Clifford Chance (Summer) Latham & Watkins

4 January

Slaughter and May (Summer) Freshfields Bruckhaus Deringer

7 January

Ashurst LLP (Spring, Summer)

10 January

Jones Day (Summer)

12 January

Skadden (Spring, Summer)

15 January

Baker McKenzie (Summer) Simmons & Simmons (Spring: recruited on a first come first served basis from this date)

19 January

Cleary Gottlieb Steen & Hamilton (Spring, Summer)

31 January

K&L Gates LLP Norton Rose Fulbright (penultimate and final year) White & Case LLP (Spring, Summer)

15 February

Simmons & Simmons (Spring)

30 April

Linklaters

31 July

Ashurst

1 October

Simmons & Simmons (Winter: recruited on first come first served basis from this date)

15 October

Simmons & Simmons (Summer: recruited on first come first served basis from this date)

27 October

Jones Day (Winter)

29 October

Norton Rose Fulbright (Winter)

31 October

Allen & Overy (Winter)

5 November

Ashurst LLP (Winter) White & Case LLP (Winter)

30 November Bakers McKenzie (Spring) 15 December Jones Day (Spring) Slaughter and May (Easter) 29 December King & Wood Mallesons 31 December Allen & Overy (Summer)

TRAINING CONTRACT DEADLINES

1 February

Skadden Herbert Smith Freehills

Deadline

Firms

28 February

White & Case

4 January

1 March

Latham & Watkins Allen & Overy

Freshfields Bruckhaus Deringer LLP (2021) Linklaters LLP (2021)

7 January

Ashurst LLP (2021)

30 June

Withersworldwide

14 January

Davis Polk & Wardwell London LLP (2021)

15 January

Simmons & Simmons LLP (2021)

27 January

PwC (2021)

30 April

Slaughter and May (Non-law 2020)

28 June

Linklaters LLP (2020)

29 June

Orrick, Herrington & Sutcliffe (UK) LLP (2020)

1 July

Latham & Watkins (2020)

15 July

Norton Rose Fulbright (2020)

17 July

Freshfields Bruckhaus Deringer LLP (2020)

31 July

Ashurst LLP (2020) Baker McKenzie (2020) K&L Gates LLP (2020) Skadden (2020) White & Case LLP (2020)

29 December

Herbert Smith Freehills LLP (2021)

Accepted throughout the Slaughter and May year and offer places as they receive them until they run out

Global Legal Careers Guidebook 91

PRIVATE PRACTICE

Most firms follow the guidelines of the relevant Law institute for that state (outlined below), however some firms follow their own deadlines. Therefore, it is recommended that you check both the the list of firms following the Law Institute Guidelines and website of the firms you are interested in.

ABOUT ALLEN & OVERY Website: www.allenovery.com Major offices: London, Australia, Hong Kong, China, United Arab Emirates, United States

Allen & Overy (A&O) is an international law firm with a truly global network that can support clients international strategies, with its 44 offices in 31 countries, and operation in regions where they do not have an office.

A&O’s clients include some of the world’s leading businesses, financial institutions, private individuals and governments. They aim to understand their clients’ business objectives and be a critical component of their organisation; measuring their success based on their clients’ success.

Firm values A&O has four values shared across its global network, which it strives to uphold in everything they do. ++ Instinctively thoughtful: nurture relationships built on mutual trust, respect and inclusivity ++ Collectively ambitious: work together to turn opportunity into advantage ++ Insightfully inventive: stay ahead by combining expert insight and imagination ++ Refreshingly open: openness with each other, with clients and to new ideas

»»

MAJOR OFFICE LOCATIONS

»» »» »» »»

Europe: Belgium, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Deutschland, Hungary, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Poland, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Spain, Turkey, United Kingdom Asia Pacific: Australia (Sydney and Perth), China, Hong Kong, Korea, Indonesia, Japan, Myanmar, Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam Middle East: Qatar, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates Africa: Morocco, South Africa North America: United States Latin America: Brazil

++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++

Anti-Bribery and Corruption, Antitrust/Competition, Asset Management, Banking and Finance, Capital Markets, Corporate Governance and Compliance, Corporate and M&A, Emerging Markets, Employment and Benefits, Environment and Regulatory, Financial Services Regulation and Investigations, Insurance, Intellectual Property, Islamic Finance, Litigation, Arbitration and Dispute Resolution, Projects, Public International Law, Public Law, Real Estate, Restructuring Sanctions, International Trade and Investment Compliance, Tax

»»

MAIN AREAS OF PRACTICE

92 Global Legal Careers Guidebook

OPPORTUNITIES IN AUSTRALIA SUMMER CLERKSHIP PROGRAM A&O’s Summer Clerkship Programs in Perth and Sydney are a great way for penultimate year law students to get to know the firm and gain first-hand experience of their work and culture.

During the program you will work alongside A&O lawyers on real deals and matters, and gain practical experience in one of A&O’s practice areas you have indicated interest you.

In addition to legal work you will attend training sessions and presentations to broaden your understanding of A&O’s business and help you develop skills of a successful commercial lawyer. Summer clerks have worked on client pitch projects, mock transactions that simulate real transactions from beginning to end, sharpen research skills, and expose you to A&O’s various practice areas.

A&O’s Summer Clerkship Program is not all about work. There are numerous opportunities to socialise with other A&O people – both in the office and outside.

Application process & requirements

Perth 1. Submit the following online: »» a covering letter addressed to “Human Resources Manager”; »» your CV; and »» your most recent academic transcript(s).

2. If you are successful you will be intervewed by an A&O’s partner and human resources manager. The interview will involve discussion of your application, reasons for applying, motivations, and legal and commercial awareness, as well as plenty of opportunity to ask your own questions and get to know A&O further.

3. After your interview, an A&O’s lawyers or graduates will take you for a coffee.

Sydney

A&O’s ten-week program in Sydney has the opportunity for some clerks to spend time in one of A&O’s Asia offices The process: 1. Submit the following online: »» your CV; »» academic transcript(s); and »» answers to a series of questions.

2. If your application is successful, you will be invited to A&O’s two-stage interview process. The interviews are based on your application and will assess your skills, knowledge, reasons for applying and your commercial awareness.

Perth

Sydney

Applications open

mid-July

mid-June

Applications close

August

mid-July

Interviews commence

August to September

Offers

mid-September

Program

3-week program from 10-week program late November to mid- from late November to December. early February

mid-

mid-August October

A&O looks for: ++ Applications that stands out from the rest of the crowd, ++ Demonstrated communication, teamwork, interpersonal skills and commercial awareness, ++ A rounded personality and life outside the library (e.g. volunteering or societies - especially if you take responsibility for a task, and if this demonstrates your appetite for responsibility and capacity to shape events and outcomes. ++ What you have learnt from legal commercial or other work experience (if applicable) ++ Focus on A&O in your cover letter and interviews ++ Accuracy and attention to detail (ensure your application is free from spelling and grammatical errors)

GRADUATE CAREER OPPORTUNITIES Graduate training includes at least two six-month rotations in different practice areas, working alongside a partner and A&O lawyers and actively working on transactions and cases, taking real responsibility and gaining client exposure.

When you start as a graduate with A&O, you will attend a dedicated training program to teach you core legal and commercial knowledge and skills which will form the essential building blocks for your career at A&O. In addition to A&O’s formal induction training and your teambased learning, you will benefit from a wide variety of ongoing training to fine-tune your commercial acumen.

Your development is key and you will receive training and support in a variety of ways, including mentoring and practice-specific courses.

A&O provides a good balance between support and supervision and opportunity to work independently, as they want you to succeed and develop a long-term career with them.

During your Graduate year, you will also complete your Practical Legal Training (PLT) to ensure you meet your admission to practice requirements. Your PLT will be completed through the College of Law and A&O will support you throughout the program, providing financial and study break assistance.

Asia Pacific Graduate Secondment Program A&O offers Australian graduates the opportunity to experience a 6 to 12 month secondment to one of A&O’s Asian Offices within their first 18 months at A&O. This provides graduates an exciting opportunity to develop their careers, expand their technical skills and experience a range of different areas in an international office and build their personal network within the firm.

INTERNATIONAL OPPORTUNITIES HONG KONG Main practice areas in Hong Kong include Corporate, M&A, International Capital Markets, Banking and Finance, Litigation, Arbitration and Dispute Resolution, Regulatory.

A&O‘s Hong Kong office accepts applications for its Summer Vacation and Graduate Training contracts from penultimate and final year law or final year-non-law students from Hong Kong, United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand and other common law jurisdictions. For trainees, A&O especially looks for bilingual or trilingual students, particularly in Cantonese or Putonghua and Chinese reading and writing skills.

Summer Vacation Placement Scheme The four-week summer vacation scheme runs in June and July each year for 10-12 students. In addition to gaining insight into the everyday life in international commercial practice by undertaking two weeks in two different departments, working closely with partners, associates and trainees, students can look forward to practical and technical skills training, and various social activities.

Applications open at the start of September and are due 1 March (Close of Business Hong Kong time).

Training contracts A&O opens recruitment for Training contracts in September two years before they are due to commence their contract. The training contract is offered upon the condition of the Hong Kong Postgraduate Certificate in Laws (PCLL), for which A&O will provide financial assistance.

For more information visit: http://www.allenovery.com/locations/ asia-pacific/china-and-hong-kong/en-gb/Pages/default.aspx

SINGAPORE A&O Singapore provides clients with the highest quality Singapore, US and English legal advice.

Internship and training contract A&O Singapore runs internships open to students in their penultimate year of their Australian law degree, The internships run from mid July 2019 to the start of August 2019, and applications open are open from the end of October until 31 December 2018. Students who perform well during their internship in A&O’s Singapore office are considered for a Training Contract in Singapore as well as England & Wales at the end of their placement.

As Australia is recognised as a qualifying law degree by the Solicitors’ Regulation Authority, graduates do not need to undertake the Graduate Diploma in Law (GDL).

LONDON Vacation scheme A&O’s London office offers the flexibility of two vacation schemes in London across June/July and December, open to penultimate, final year and graduate students. Applications open on 1 October 2018, and close on 31 December 2018.

All those offered a vacation scheme in the London office can apply to spend an additional week in one of A&O’s international offices in July. Furthermore, if your hard work and passion shines, you will automatically be considered for a Training Contract.

Global Legal Careers Guidebook 93

PRIVATE PRACTICE

Selection criteria

Want to have fun and learn from top professionals?

Join our summer placement An experience at Allen & Overy will help you make an impression on those who matter www.allenovery.com/careers (select ‘Hong Kong’)

28

94

94 Global Legal Careers Guidebook Global Careers Guidebook

Trainee solicitor – Jimmy JIN Summer Placement 2011 – July Scheme BCom/LLB, The University of Melbourne, 2007-2011 PCLL, City University of Hong Kong, 2012-2013 Trainee Solicitor, 2013-2015

At the beginning of our wintry July in Melbourne, I embarked on an MTR train for Central to kick-start my first day of the summer vacation scheme with Allen & Overy Hong Kong. Throughout the four weeks, a summer student will be allocated two different seats. Multiple written tests and presentations are wrapped up with an interview with partners. Of course, alongside the challenges, the firm organises superb group social events for the students to mingle with colleagues and to learn more about the firm.

The two seats allocated to me were Banking and Litigation. The Banking Department largely handles loan agreements. I was given very hands-on work regarding those contracts. As a law student still completing core subjects, one may have had very limited exposure to real commercial contracts. Legal points of contracts may sound familiar, but the negotiation points of contracts could sound little daunting. For fellow Melbourne Law School students, a subject with the acronym of CBFL will be very handy.

Definitions, carve-outs, reps and warranties and boilerplates are the helpful buzz words.

The firm has a banking team which is generally acclaimed as one of the top in town. It was a valuable opportunity for a student to learn from some of the sharpest legal minds in the world.

The Litigation department deals broadly with dispute resolution work. International Arbitration, grouped under the Litigation department, is something definitely worth mentioning in the HK context. If you are the type of law student who dismisses securities and banking law as 70% jargons, 20% law and 10% mere bluff, here is some other type of work for you. The Hong Kong International Arbitration Centre (HKIAC) handled 649 dispute cases in 2009, ranking 4th following only CIETAC (China), ICC (Paris) and AAA

(New York). Lots of commercial contracts include an arbitration clause which stipulates arbitration to be conducted in HKIAC should a dispute arises. The recent Arbitration Ordinance passed by the HK legislature further buttressed the city’s move to become to the regional centre for international arbitration. This also means a great demand for the slightly more haughty lawyerwannabes. A&O Hong Kong’s international arbitration team is extremely highly regarded and you may find out some of the latest development in this area whilst assisting on a case.

It is worth noting that some soft skills are under test when one is a given a piece of practical work from the supervisor and there is a group presentation to be delivered the next day in the morning. Communications and time management skills are tested practically on the spot. If you don’t already know, the Get Ready For Work session run by the Melbourne Law School library is extremely helpful in offering some handy tips.

The C-Word Again…

This Time, Seriously

especially to those who had some degree of ambivalence towards the Saturdays that you sacrificed at that NGM School or alike?

I hope my personal experience may offer some assistance: a junior fee-earner in HK works within such a linguistic environment that you usually communicate with your supervisors and colleagues at work using English, you oftentimes liaise with your client in English/Mandarin/Cantonese and you chat with admin staff in Cantonese sprinkled with English legal jargons. This may quite vividly reflect the zeitgeist of the city and describes the origins of the different stakeholders of a law firm.

However, different departments may prefer different levels of proficiency due to different clienteles. What underlies language is culture.

Different languages denote great diversity, which A&O truly values. Therefore, the proficiency is not always necessary. The bottom line is: be honest with your proficiency, everyone will be assessed on their declared levels. As a general piece of tip: You will definitely shine, if you perform to the best you can.

As you probably have already heard many times, proficiency in the great Chinese language is not necessary, however, advantageous. What does this statement with mixed messages actually mean,

PRIVATE PRACTICE

Summer student at Allen & Overy, Hong Kong in 2011

Me and Alvin Tso, both September 2013 future trainees of Allen & Overy, Hong Kong

Allen & Overy means Allen & Overy LLP and/or its affiliated undertakings. The term partner is used to refer to a member of Allen & Overy LLP or an employee or consultant with equivalent standing and qualifications or an individual with equivalent status in one of Allen & Overy LLP’s affiliated undertakings. CA1310061

© Allen & Overy LLP 2013

www.allenovery.com

Global Legal Careers Guidebook 95

95

PRIVATE PRACTICE

Practice Areas and Skills

ABOUT ALLENS LINKLATERS Website: Website: https://www.allens.com.au Major offices: London, Australia, Hong Kong, United States Allens Linklaters is a leading top-tier international law firm with offices spread throughout the globe, and many of the world’s leading organisations including more than 75 of Australia’s top 100 companies and 55 of the world’s top 100 companies.

Innovation Allens/Linklaters is keenly aware of the fact that the world is changing at a dramatic pace and presenting businesses with complex challenges.

As such, they’re interested in: ++ Investing in their clients: innovation, new markets, new technology and new demands. ++ Empowering their teams ++ Focusing on the future ++ Excellence What ++ ++ ++ ++

Allens is looking for: ‘Individuals not robots’ People who will make a positive, ongoing contribution Interest in innovation and start ups (particularly Space) People who share Allens values: Excellence, Integrity, Respect, Performance, One firm. ++ Strong academics ++ A creative streak ++ Skills highlighting qualities that make a successful AllensLinklaters lawyer, including: teamwork, communication, motivation, time management, commercial thinking

MAJOR OFFICE LOCATIONS »» »» »» »»

Asia Pacific : Australia, China, Hong Kong, Japan, Korea, Singapore, Thailand Middle East: Abu Dhabi, Dubai Europe: London, Spain, Portugal, The Netherlands, Italy, France, Germany, Belgium, Russia, Sweden, Luxemburg Americas: United States, Brazil

MAIN AREAS OF PRACTICE ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++

Banking & Finance Mergers & Acquisitions Corporate Energy, Resources & Infrastructure Disputes & Investigations Tax Competition Law Intellectual Property

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OPPORTUNITIES IN AUSTRALIA CLERKSHIP OPPORTUNITIES Allens’ clerkship program offers students the opportunity to experience the work, people and culture at Allens, gain insight into the workings of a large corporate law firm and help you make an informed decision about where you want to start your career.

GRADUATE CAREER OPPORTUNITIES Allens offers a two-year graduate program with two 12-month rotations During the program Allens aims to give you as much support and mentoring as possible, and therefore each individual has the support of three people: a performance coach, a development supervisor, and a buddy. When you complete Allens clerkship, you are automatically offered an interview with a partner for a two-year training contract.

APPLICATION PROCESS 1. Submit an online application form, with: a cover letter, your CV, a copy of your academic transcript, and answers to short questions about your interest in Allens and commercial law.

2. The Rare Contextual Recruitment (online) survey. This uses your educational, socioeconomic and personal information to give Allens a picture of your background and better understand your achievements and challenges you may have overcome, beyond what they may see on your resume.

3. Online test to determine whether your skills, characteristics and traits align with what Allens considers a requirement for great performance and career success at Allens.

4. Interview with Allens graduate recruitment panel to get to know you, and for your to get to know Allens. In Sydney the process includes two rounds of interviews. This is an opportunity for you to showcase your education, work experiences, extracurricular involvement, career aspirations and interest in Allens. Tips to help you prepare: »» Explore Allens website and take note of current projects and major clients »» Be confident when talking about your strengths, achievements and enjoyments. »» You don’t need to know which area of law you want to work in, but a general understanding of what might interest you and why is important »» Identify interesting or weak points in your resume and how you might respond to questions about them. »» Think about why you want to work at Allens.

For more information: ++ https://allenscareers.linklaters.com/early-careers/yourapplication ++ Contact: Manreet Singh, Graduate Resourcing Consultant (Student.Careers@allens.com.au) Office

Applications open

Applications close

Offers

Program dates

Brisbane

26 February 2018

26 March 2018

14 May 2018

June-July 2018 Nov-Dec 2018

Melbourne

8 July 2018

12 August 2018

18 October 2018

Nov - Dec 2018 Jan - Feb 2019 June - Jul 2019

Perth

16 July 2018

5 August 2018

21 September 2018

Nov - Dec 2018 Jan - Feb 2019 Jun - Jul 2019

Sydney

18 June 2018

15 July 2018

26 September 2018

Nov 2018-Feb 2019

INTERNATIONAL OPPORTUNITIES

HONG KONG

Due to Linklaters global presence and international work, many of the firms’ offices around the world accept applications from experienced lawyers as well as from international students (like MLS students) for internship and graduate positions.

Penultimate year law students at Australian universities can apply to join Allens Hong Kong for a 4 week clerkship during June or July.

FOR AVAILABLE OPPORTUNITIES: ++ Check Linklaters website for the relevant location ++ Call or email the relevant professional at your interested location (e.g. Human Resources, Graduate Recruitment manager). ++ Keep an eye out for availabilities on LinkedIn

The application process ++ Involves: submitting an application form and your CV and transcript(s) to Allens portal. You may then be invited to take an online test followed by a phone interview with HR and an in-person interview (or a video conference interview if you are outside of Hong Kong).

If you are joining Allens in Hong Kong, you must complete the Postgraduate Certificate in Laws (PCLL).

LUXEMBOURG

Allens-Linklaters offers ambitious penultimate-year law students at Australian universities the opportunity to apply to undertake a 4 week clerkship in Linklaters in London from November to December.

Following an induction you’ll work in two different practice areas, performing work similar to that of a trainee. A range of social activities and professional development sessions are also run to provide you with a broader understanding of Allens global business strategy and practice areas, and the opportunity to develop your skills.

Application process ++ Involves: submitting your CV, transcript and application form through Allens portal; taking an online assessment; and the in-person interview, tour and case study. ++ Is rigorous. Allens is looking for people committed to a career with the firm, starting in London. ++ For more information and the application form see: https:// careers.linklaters.com/zh-sg/early-careers/your-application Graduate oppor tunities in London If the final interview at the end of your clerkship in London goes well you will return to Australia to finish your degree, with a training contract in London already secured. Allens will support you through your PLT in Australia before assisting you in relocating to London.

Once you move to London, you will complete a two-year training contract with four six-month rotations. Whilst working alongside other Allens trainees, you will take the Qualified Lawyers Transfer Scheme (QLTS) to be qualified for admission as a solicitor in England and Wales. This means you will be dual-qualified in Australia and England and Wales.

Selection Criteria: ++ To be considered you’ll need a minimum of AAB at A Level (or equivalent) and a 2:1 degree in law. ++ Applicants who require a work permit can apply! Allens will assist successful applicants in obtaining work permits and visas, however Allens offer is conditional upon them successfully obtaining a work permit for you, but you have responsibility for providing the relevant documentation (e.g. proof of qualifications, CV, valid passport).

++ Typically, Linklaters Europe recruit qualified lawyers from Luxembourg,France, Belgium and Germany. However, as a truly international law firm, they also welcome applications from fully qualified candidates from any other country. ++ You must speak English and French. ++ If you are qualified as lawyer in an EU country, you would be allowed to practice in Luxembourg under your home title.

If you’re not yet qualified in your respective jurisdiction, you’ll spend your first six months as a Junior Associate undertaking the CCDL (Cours Complémentaires de Droit Luxembourgeois). The CCDL will acquaint you with the specifics of Luxembourg law, in advance of the Luxembourg bar exam.

For more information: ++ https://careers.linklaters.com/de-lu ++ Luxembourg HR team: luxembourgcareers@linklaters.com

SINGAPORE, HONG KONG & CHINA ++ You must have a strong academic track record (minimum GPA 3.4 in mainland China or on track for a 2:1 degree). ++ Submit your application form via the site below and take a critical thinking test For more information: ++ https://careers.linklaters.com/zh-sg/early-careers/yourapplication

UNITED STATES ++ Only students undertaking a law degree at a US law school are eligible to apply for ‘early careers’ in the US. However, once you are more experienced or have gained US legal qualifications you may be eligible for more experienced positions.

For more information : ++ https://careers.linklaters.com/en-us/early-careers/yourapplication

PRIVATE PRACTICE

LONDON Clerkship

Global Legal Careers Guidebook 97

ABOUT ASHURST Website: https://www.ashurst.com Major offices: London, Australia, Hong Kong, United States

Ashurst is one of the leading international law firms, with a strong global presence of 25 offices in 15 countries, a diverse culture and world class technical expertise, local knowledge and international network. Ashurst has a keen interest in responsible business and being a sustainable global law firm in terms of not just its clients, employees, profession, but also the environment and communities.

Ashurst provides the opportunity to explore new ways of working and developing your network, with many lawyers going on secondments to other Ashurst offices around the world and some even permanently transferring overseas.

Values Numerous values shape Ashurst’s culture and outlines the qualities Ashurst looks for. These include: ++ Energy, passion and drive ++ Eagerness and ability to build strong relationships with colleagues and clients ++ Strong desire to keep growing as a professional ++ Technical excellence ++ Collaboration and teamwork ++ Commitment to excellence: highest quality of service and professionalism ++ Inquisitive and innovative mindsets ++ Accountability for ones actions ++ Integrity: honest in communication, with moral courage to do what is right and hold others to account.

What ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++

Ashurst looks for: Penultimate or final year law students Balance of excellent academics and life experience Outstanding communication and interpersonal skills Analytical ability, motivation, determination and drive Commercial awareness Genuine collaborators (Teamwork) Individuals who thrive on high performance and never shy away from a challenge

MAJOR OFFICE LOCATIONS

Ashurst has a global network of 1600 partners and lawyers across 25 offices in 15 countries. ++ Europe: Brussels, Frankfurt, Glasgow, London, Madrid, Milan, Munich, Paris, ++ Asia-Pacific: Beijing, Australia (Melbourne, Sydney, Brisbane, Perth, Canberra), Hong Kong, Jakarta, Shanghai, Singapore, Tokyo ++ Middle East: Abu Dhabi, Dubai ++ Americas: New York, Washington DC

MAIN AREAS OF PRACTICE ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++

Ashurst Advance Banking & Finance Capital Markets Competition & Antitrust Corporate and M&A Digital Economy Dispute Resolution Employment Financial Regulation

++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++

Insurance & reinsurance Intellectual Property Investigations Investment Funds Projects Real Estate Restructuring, Insolvency & Special Situations ++ Tax

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OPPORTUNITIES IN AUSTRALIA

Ashurst offers clerkship and graduate opportunities in every state and territory through its five national offices in Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Canberra and Perth.

You can expect to be involved in a wide variety of work and activities working at Ashurst Australia, ranging from preparing draft articles for clients, preparing file notes and case summaries to assisting with probono matters and research projects.

CLERKSHIPS During your clerkship you’ll spend time in one or two departments, and be involved in real work with the support of a supervising partner, a lawyer and a buddy. The program includes a range of activities and events to help you gain experience find out if a career at Ashurst is what you’re looking for. These include a comprehensive induction program, workshops, and social events.

In Melbourne the clerkship involves 3 rotations of 6 months each.

At the end of your clerkship, you’re automatically considered for a place in Ashurst’s graduate programme.

Application process 1. Apply online. You’ll need to provide your cover letter, academic transcript and short description of your work experience and extra curriculars, and answer a couple of questions to support your application (e.g. why Ashurst?)

2. You may then be asked in for an interview.

3. If you are successful, you will be made an offer by the relevant period for that state.

Applications dates (2018) Office

Application dates

Clerkship period

Melbourne

9 July 2018 - 12 Aug 2018

Nov - Dec Jan - Feb June-July

Sydney

18 June 2018 - 15 July 2018

Nov - Feb

Canberra

18 June 2018 - 15 July 2018

Nov - Feb

Brisbane

26 Feb 2018 - 26 Mar 2018

Nov - Feb

Perth

16 July 2018 - 5 Aug 2018

Nov- Dec Jan - Feb June - July

GRADUATE OPPORTUNITIES Ashurst offers an 18 month graduate programme with three rotations that are reviewed regularly. The program starts with an induction and training series where you’ll meet your peers and have the opportunity to build your nationwide network. You will then have a second induction back in your home office, and begin your in-house Practical Legal Training (PLT) course tailored to and covered by Ashurst. Once you’ve completed the PLT and you’ve been admitted as a lawyer, Ashurst will assist you in deciding which practice area you’ll join based on your business needs, preference and performance.

Benefits: competitive salary, additional annual leave scheme, flexible work policies, health and wellbeing programme, concierge and endof-trip services, salary continuance insurance and travel insurance, discounted health insurance, employee assistance schemes, sponsored sports teams and events, subsidised gym membership

INTERNATIONAL OPPORTUNITIES

LONDON

Ashurst offers many international opportunities including: ++ secondment opportunities to all of its lawyers, from graduates in their third rotation to partners. These can be both domestic and internationally, and to other Ashurst branches or to visit clients; ++ many of Ashurst’s offices around the world offer internships and graduate positions to internationally trained lawyers.

These include but are not limited to the following offices.

Ashurst has specified that overseas lawyers can apply for positions at their London office. They recommend the following: ++ If you have less than 2 years of vocational experience, you should apply for a training contract ++ If you have 2 years or more of experience working as a qualified lawyer in Australia, you should apply for a more vacancy that is appropriate to your field and higher level of experience ++ For more information see: https://www.ashurst.com/en/ careers/early-careers/uk/faqs/

Working closely with other Ashurst offices throughout the region, Ashurst’s Hong Kong practice provides premium transaction, dispute resolution, capital markets, regulatory and advisory support to corporates, financial institutions and investment funds in Greater China the wider Asia Pacific, and the rest of the world.

Ashursts Hong Kong offers both internships and graduate training contracts.

Requirements The basic prerequisites to apply for internships and training contracts include: ++ strong academic record with a strong 2:1 grade average in your undergraduate degree. ++ Strong English and Chinese skills. Other language skills are also welcome Application process for internships or training contracts 1. Submit an online application form (TIP: address this to their Graduate Recruitment Partners, James Comber and Jini Lee). This will require information about you, your education and a statement about why you want to be a lawyer and at Ashurst in particular.

2. Online tests 3. Face-to-face interviews in July where you’ll also be asked to complete a Chinese written test 4. If you secure an internship and perform well, you’ll be invited for a final interview to be considered for a training contract. Applicants who are unable to attend the internship program, but who have a strong application for the training contract will be invited to participate in a similar interview.

5. You probably will not start at Ashurst Hong Kong for 2 years, so they will keep in regular contact and invite you to networking events .

Training contract (graduate role) ++ You’ll go through 4 ‘seats’ of six months, each starting with a handover and training. At least one ‘seat’ will be in banking or securities and derivative practice. ++ You are encouraged to undertake a secondment to one of Ashursts overseas offices or to a valued client. ++ You’ll be supervised by a partner or associate who’ll work with you and provide guidance. ++ You do not need to undertake a vacation scheme at Ashurst London or any other Ashurst office to obtain a training contract. ++ As you have not completed a UK law degree, you’ll study for the Graduate Diploma in Law (GDL) before moving on to the Legal Practice Course (LPC). Ashursts will pay for the LPC but not the GDL. Key dates: ++ Applications to commence in September 2020/March 2021 are accepted from 1 May 2018 - 31 July 2018. ++ Applications to commence in September 2021/March 2022 are accepted from 1 October - 7 January , and then again from 1 May 2019 - 31 July 2019 Availabilities are listed on Ashursts UK careers portal: https://fsr. cvmailuk.com/ashurstuk/main.cfm?page=jobBoard&fo=1&groupType _4=2517&groupType_73=&filter=

GERMANY Internship At Ashurst Frankfurt and Munich offices, internships run for four to six weeks. You can choose a particular field or choose to get an overview of the various areas of law.

Key dates: ++ June scheme: 4 - 29 June ++ July scheme: 2 - 27 July ++ Application period: 30 September - 15 January

Graduate (‘Referndariat’) In Ashurst’s German offices, the graduate ‘Referendar’ program offers work experience, mentoring, and training to give you the tools to make career decisions and prepare for the upcoming exam.

Apply by visiting Ashursts careers portal

Application You can apply at any time using the online form. However to increase your chance of being selected you should allow sufficient time between your application and the start of your internship or traineeship.

For more information see: https://www.ashurst.com/en/careers/ early-careers/germany/

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PRIVATE PRACTICE

HONG KONG

ABOUT BAKERS

OPPORTUNITIES IN AUSTRALIA LOCAL CLERKSHIP

Website: https://www.bakermckenzie.com/en/careers Major offices: London, Australia, Hong Kong, Singapore, United States Baker & McKenzie is one of the worlds largest firms, with a network of 77 offices in 47 countries, and over 1,000 locally qualified lawyers around the world. Bakers was conceived and built as a global law firm, so thinking and working globally is embedded in their culture. They understand the challenges of the global economy and the value of international perspectives.

Values and distinct features Bakers is distinguished by their global approach to professional development. Bakers invests in global, regional and local world-class development and training programs and secondment opportunities, at all stages in your career at Bakers. Bakers particularly values: ++ Leveraging Bakers global expertise for local and global clients at every opportunity, ++ Working corroboratively, particularly across borders, markets and industries, ++ Contributing to the community through their pro bono program and community service programs, ++ Diversity and an inclusive workplace, ++ Innovation and embracing new ideas and technologies, ++ Passion for overseas relationships ++ A culture of friendship ++ Commercial pragmatism What ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++

Bakers looks for: Impressive academic track record, People who like taking responsibility and getting things done Commitment to excellence, Good problem solvers, Comfortable working in collaborative and diverse teams International experience and global perspective, Intellectual curiosity and desire to seek new opportunities, Excellent business acumen and client service skills

MAJOR OFFICE LOCATIONS

++ Europe, Middle East and Africa: Austria, Bahrain, Belgium, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Italy, Luxemburg, Morocco, Netherlands, Poland, Qatar, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, UAE, United Kingdom ++ Asia-Pacific: Australia (Melbourne, Sydney, Brisbane, Perth, Canberra), China (Beijing, Hong Kong, Shanghai), Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam ++ Latin America: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, Peru, Venezuela, ++ North America: Canada (Toronto), United States (Chicago, Dallas, Houston, Miami, New York, Palo Alto, San Francisco, Washington DC)

MAJOR PRACTICE AREAS ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++

Antitrust & Competition, Banking & Finance, Capital Markets, Compliance & Investigations, Construction, Dispute Resolution & Litigation, Employment, Environment & Climate Change, Energy, Mining & Infrastructure

++ Energy, ++ Healthcare (Health Tech), ++ Information Technology & Communications, ++ Intellectual Property, ++ International Commercial & Trade, ++ Mergers & Acquisitions, ++ Private Equity, ++ Real Estate, ++ Restructuring & Insolvency, ++ Tax

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The experience Your clerkship at Bakers will start with a comprehensive induction process and various professional development sessions to make the transition from university to legal practice as smooth as possible and help you get the most out of your clerkship. Bakers structures the clerkship program according to your preferred areas of practices.

From the start clerks get involved in real local and cross-border work for market-leading Australian and International clients through client meetings, shadowing, research and other everyday tasks.

Bakers offers most of its graduate positions to former clerks. If you accept a Graduate position, you’re also eligible to apply for Bakers International Clerkship program. Former clerks are also offered parttime employment opportunities (e.g. as a Research Clerk or Paralegal).

Requirements: ++ Citizen or permanent resident of Australia or have the right to work in a full-time role in Australia over the clerkship period (ie. international students with a visa that permits them to work over this time are eligible) ++ A penultimate or final year student at an Australian law school International oppor tunities during your clerkship: ++ At the end of your clerkship you may have the opportunity to go on a 1 week client secondment. ++ Bakers offers select clerks the opportunity to participate in a 4 week International Clerkship Program in overseas offices.

Application process: 1. Apply online. This involves submitting a cover letter, information from your CV, short answer questions (approximately 5) and a copy of your academic transcript.

2. You may then be asked to come in for interviews and a networking cocktail evening.

3. Offers in line with Law Institute guidelines for each state.

For more information on Bakers Melbourne Clerkship program, contact Natalie Mascarenhas (Talent Management Consultant): natalie.mascarenhas@bakermckenzie.com.

Office

Application dates

Melbourne

9 July - 12 August

Sydney

18 June - 15 July 2018

Brisbane

26 Feb - 26 Mar 2018

GRADUATE PROGRAM Bakers graduates undertake 3 rotations, each four-months long.

Deeply committed to your development, Bakers: ++ works with each graduate to create a tailored development plan aligned with your career goals ++ learning opportunities, from seminars on core legal topics, to developing your skills in business writing, drafting and presentation, ++ facilitates your on-the-job learning, for example, through informal mentoring, client secondments, involving you with international teams and deals, supporting you as you run your own file as part of Bakers pro-bono program. ++ covering the costs of your Practical Legal Training, admission and practising certificate.

Upon completing your graduate program, you’ll travel overseas to attend a regional orientation program with other mid-level associates in the Asia Pacific region.

Bakers offers the majority of Graduate positions to former clerks.

INTERNATIONAL OPPORTUNITIES

Tax Internship Programme

To see available opportunities for students and graduates across the world see Bakers careers page: https://www.bakermckenzie.com/en/ careers/job-opportunities.

A 1 week vacation programme where you will be assigned an Associate mentor and Partner from Bakers Tax Practice Group, and provided with sessions on tax law.

INTERNATIONAL CLERKSHIP PROGRAM

Training Contracts Each year, Bakers offers numerous Training Contracts to law graduates, through which they can gain a grounding in Singapore law and the opportunity to work with clients and some of the best legal minds across Bakers global network.

Bakers offers International Clerkships to law students and recent graduates who are interested in exploring a global career in law.

Typically, selected candidates work with lawyers from one or two different countries over a 4-12 week period, allowing you to compare legal practice in two distinct legal jurisdictions, familiarise yourself with a legal culture different to your own and get an inside look into Bakers international practice. Each clerkship comes with an attractive salary and travel expenses.

Eligibility: ++ Current law students or recent graduates wishing to apply for a permanent work contract ++ Interest in exploring international career in law ++ Ability to speak English (and working languages of the locations were you will work if that is not English) ++ Typically at least 2 years formal legal training before your clerkship. Candidates in Australia may qualify if they have completed two years of the JD How to apply: Submit the following ++ An application letter ++ Your CV (including your university exam results) ++ Two letters of reference from law professors or other appropriate persons qualified to evaluate your work ++ A detailed statement of the educational value to you of undertaking the International Clerkship Deadline for Australian candidates: January For more information: https://www.bakermckenzie.com/en/ careers/#international%20clerkships

FURTHER GRADUATE STUDY OVERSEAS Bakers provides a number of scholarships to their associates for fulltime 12 month graduate legal study outside their home jurisdictions.

Eligibility: ++ Been with Bakers for at least 2 years ++ Program of study must include the completion of a graduate law degree (LLM, MCL, or similar

SINGAPORE Internship programme During your 1 month internship at ‘Baker McKenzie Wong & Leow’, you will work within a practice group and will be assigned an individual mentor and involved in real work for real clients. To be eligible to apply you must be a penultimate year law student and have a minimum of a 2:1 or equivalent.

HONG KONG Bakers China lawyers advise leading international and Chinese companies, multinationals and financial institutions on some of the most significant deals in international and Chinese markets. To enable international transactions, Bakers China lawyers speak multiple languages and an understanding of the needs of Chinese and global companies.

Winter Clerkship Bakers & McKenzie Hong Kong runs a comprehensive 4 week Winter Clerkship programme in January. For more information: https://www. bakermckenzie.com/en/locations/asia-pacific/china#insight_0

LONDON Graduate positions If you are an international Masters of Laws (LLM), or have already qualified overseas, and you have ++ significant experience in English law, you could work as an Associate whilst undertaking the Qualified Lawyers Transfer Scheme (QLTS). ++ little or no experience in English law, you’ll need to: 1. Start as a Trainee Solicitor, spending 6 months in 4 key practice areas (‘seats’) 2. Complete the equivalent of a two-year Training contract to get English law experience 3. Take the Qualified Lawyers Transfer Scheme (QLTS) Vacation Scheme If you are a penultimate year law student with at least a 2:1 degree, you may be eligible for Bakers’ 3 week Summer or Spring Vacation Scheme in London. However, Bakers has not specifically noted how competitive students from universities outside of the UK are.

Key dates: ++ Summer scheme (June/July): applications are open from 1 November to 15 January. ++ Spring scheme (March): applications are open from 1 September to 30 November For more information and availabilities see: https://uk-graduates. bakermckenzie.com/apply/

PRIVATE PRACTICE

How to apply: Submit the following online ++ A cover letter, outlining your interest in the firm; an overview of your motivation for selecting your preferred area of practice; ++ Your CV; ++ Copies of your university transcripts Key dates ++ Internship dates: June, July, or over July and August ++ Deadline: 31 March For more information: ++ on Bakers Singapore office: https://www.bakermckenzie. com/en/locations/asia-pacific/singapore ++ on career opportunities and to apply see Bakers careers portal.

Global Legal Careers Guidebook 101

ABOUT FRESHFIELDS Website: https://www.freshfields.com/en-gb/careers/ Major offices: London, Australia, Hong Kong, Singapore, United States

As the oldest and one of the leading law firms, Freshfields assists the worlds biggest international organisations to make the right decisions in a rapidly-changing world. From entering new markets to defending corporate reputation and managing multi-jurisdicitonal regulation, Freshfields is renown for breaking new legal ground to help their clients go further.

What Freshfield values: ++ Their people. Freshfields seeks to create a welcome, diverse and supportive environment, and treats it’s respect, consideration and courtesy ++ Teamwork. Working as a great colleague and effectively with clients and stakeholders around the world. ++ Thinking and working globally. Freshfields has a ‘one-firm’ mindset, seeing themselves as one global partnership that operates seamlessly across borders. ++ Creativity to find innovative solutions to difficult challenges and the ability to explain them simply. ++ Making a positive contribution to the community.

What innovative things Freshfields has done so far: ++ Using AI and legal technology to drive efficiency, increase price predictability and reduce risk where appropriate ++ Working with academia on numerous projects to analyse the impact of disruptive technology on the legal services ++ Put lawyers at the centre of innovation so they are confident working with new technologies ++ Collaborating with legal tech start-ups Commitment to responsible business ++ Championing diversity ++ Pro bono advice ++ Supporting communities ++ Protecting the environment ++ Risk management & ethics ++ Client engagement

MAJOR OFFICE LOCATIONS ++ Europe: Austria, Belgium, CEE/CIS, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Netherlands, Russia, Scandinavia, Spain, Switzerland, Turkey, United Kingdom (London) ++ Americas: Brazil, Canada, Latin America and the Caribbean, Mexico, United States (New York, Washington DC) ++ Asia-Pacific: China (Hong Kong, Beijing, Shanghai), Indonesia, Japan (Tokyo), Singapore, Vietnam

MAJOR PRACTICE AREAS ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++

Antitrust & Competition, Climate change, Construction & engineering, Corporate & M&A, Disputes, litigation and arbitration, Financing and capital markets, Intellectual property, data and commercial, Global investigations, Investment fund services, People and reward, Real estate, Regulatory, Restructuring & insolvency

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INTERNATIONAL OPPORTUNITIES Freshfields recruits people from all legal disciplines, backgrounds and nationalities. Not all associates are qualified in the jurisdiction they’re hired in. For example, in Hong Kong, some are not qualified in Hong Kong but are qualified in Australia, New Zealand, Singapore, the US and the UK. During your internship at Freshfields, you may be able to apply for an international placement.

Opportunities at offices around the world are available on Freshfields careers portal.

HONG KONG In Hong Kong, the transactions on which Freshfields lawyers work span Asia, the United States and Europe, often working with colleagues from Freshfields offices around the world. Freshfields Hong Kong helps major international and China-based companies on various matters including buying and selling businesses, forming joint ventures, raising debt and equity, issues with competitors, launching new products, protecting intellectual property and resolving disputes through arbitration.

Internship For those interested in applying to be a Hong Kong trainee, Freshfields runs three four-week internship programmes every year. ++ June and July programmes: Applications are open from October to January; targeted to students from Canada, Hong Kong and the UK. ++ January program: Applications are open from February to April; targeted to students from Australia and New Zealand.

What they are looking for: ++ Penultimate year law students are preferred, however final year students may also be considered. ++ Strong academic record with a minimum 2:1 degree or equivalent. However, Freshfields compares your grades against the average at your university ++ Fluency in written and spoken Mandarin and English ++ Potential and desire to work in China. ++ Diversity in background, strengths, skills and interests ++ Analytical ability and creative thinking ++ Drive, determination, discipline and organisation ++ Flexibility ++ Teamwork ++ Enthusiasm to develop a commercial sense and understanding of commercial and financial markets around the world Application process: 1. Apply online. This includes uploading your CV, university transcripts, submitting 850 words that give an impression of who you are, and an academic reference. If there have been mitigating factors, there is a space where you can explain anything that might have affected your application.

2. You may then be asked to complete an online verbal reasoning test, numerical reasoning test and abstract/logic test.

3. Interview at Freshfields Hong Kong office or video conference.

4. You will be contacted within a few weeks of your interview to let you know if you have been successful.

Those who apply for an internship are automatically considered for training contracts.

SINGAPORE

LONDON

As the JD at Melbourne Law School is one of the law degrees recognised under the Singapore-Australia Free Trade Agreement (SAFTA), you may be interested in applying for opportunities in Singapore. ++ Opportunities are posted on Freshfields Careers portal as they come available; ++ For information on joining the Singapore team, contact the recuritment team (asia.recruitment@freshfields.com)

London is arguably the greatest financial centre in the world, as all the world leading financial institutions have a significant presence there, and it is home to headquarters of over 100 of the largest companies in Europe. Joining as a lawyer, recent graduate or a more experienced lawyer, at the London office you will have the opportunity to work on challenging and engaging work with a team who has a reputation second to none and who will help you make your mark and progress your career.

Freshfields’ Amsterdam office emphasises the importance not only of excellence, but also of not taking yourself too seriously. Whilst some firms have lawyers struggling to make time for a proper lunch, in Amsterdam effort is made to encourage people to take a break and interact with each other.

The ‘Freshfields Connectstage’ internship is a custom-made opportunity for talented and ambitious law students to get acquainted with international legal practice as you work at the Amsterdam office for 6 weeks, and then spend 4 weeks at a Freshfield office abroad.

Whilst not explicitly specified on Freshfields website, testimonials from past interns indicate international students and those undertaking internships at other Freshfields offices can apply for Connectstage.

You are encouraged to express your preferences and if you have special language skills or an affinity with a jurisdiciton.

Dates: ++ The internship can be run at any time during the academic year at your preferred practice group. ++ Registration closes 28 May For more information: ++ Contact Saskia Hoeneveld, the Recruiter for Freshfields Amsterdam (saskia.hoeneveld@freshfields.com) ++ Visit: http://www.werkenbijfreshfields.nl/dare-to-be-anangel/studentstage/

PARIS: INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION INTERNSHIP Freshfields offers an 6 month internship in Paris to outstanding law students and graduates. During your internship, you will be exposed to a wide-range of cross-border work including complex, challenging and international disputes currently subject to arbitration. You must be fluent in English, and knowledge of other languages is advantageous.

To apply send the following to ParisArbitrationTrainee@freshfields. com before deadline (typically in July): ++ Letter not exceeding one page addressed to the Paris Arbitration Trainee Selection Committee ++ Cover letter including a summary of your university results, not exceeding one page in length.

This is also the best path to secure an associateship, as more than half of the associates in the International Arbitration group started as interns.

Vacation schemes The 3 week vacation scheme is an opportunity to immerse yourself in the work and culture at Freshfields: working in group exercises, meeting with associates and partners and attending social events.

To be eligible, you must be a penultimate-year law student.

Dates: ++ There are two 3-week schemes in June and July. ++ Applications are open from 2 October - 4 January At the end of your vacation scheme, you can opt to be considered for a training contract.

Training contract As a trainee, you’ll experience up to 8 three-month ‘seats’ in various areas of law over 2 years. Benefits during your traineeship: ++ Opportunity to apply for a secondment at another Freshfields office or to an international client, ++ Induction with practical skills workshops and advice, ++ Training based on skills in legal department and business .

UNITED STATES As a summer associate in one of Freshfield’s offices in the United States, you will have the opportunity to work closely with senior associates and partners on a range of challenging projects.

Who they’re looking for: ++ Outstanding students from any school. Freshfields has not specified if students from law schools outside the US are also eligible, however their recruitment team is happy to answer questions. ++ Above-average grades ++ Particular attention is paid to law review or journal experience Apply online where you will be asked to submit your cover letter, resume and law school transcript.

For answers to your questions about the process or programs, contact Rebecca Calman at the recruitment department. ++ Rebecca.calman@freshfields.com ++ (212) 230- 4665

PRIVATE PRACTICE

AMSTERDAM

MANCHESTER Freshfields Global Centre (Europe) isituated in Manchester, delivers seamless service and comprehensive support across borders, cultures and languages to lawyers, clients and colloeagues around the world.

Who they’re looking for: ++ Team oriented and detail conscious and enjoy collaborating with colleagues of all disciplines, ++ High standards in everything you do, ++ Determined to add value to our clients ++ Able to see the broader picture and how your actions affect your colleagues

Global Legal Careers Guidebook 103

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Global Legal Careers Guidebook 105

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ABOUT HERBERT SMITH FREEHILLS

OPPORTUNITIES IN AUSTRALIA LOCAL CLERKSHIP

Website: https://careers.herbertsmithfreehills.com Major offices: London, Australia, Hong Kong, Singapore, United States Operating from over 20 offices across Asia, Australia, Europe, the Middle East, UK and the US, Herbert Smith Freehills (HSF) is at the heart of the new global business landscape providing premium quality, full- service legal advice. HSF provides many of the worlds most important organisations with access to market- leading dispute resolution, projects and transactional legal advice, combined with expertise in a number of global industry sectors. HSF understands that what makes exceptional lawyers is more than just technical ability, but also the ability to build working relationships with clients and colleagues.

Values and distinct features ++ Unique perspectives and creative and innovative ways of finding the best solutions, ++ Diversity ++ Your career development. HSF invests heavily in your development through training, pro bono and secondment opportunities and the chance to work with inspiring leaders. ++ Creating an environment where you can grow personally and professionally and be at your best ++ Contributing to communities through pro bono work, volunteering, and ethical and responsible business practices.

What ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++

HSF looks for in applicants: Commitment to excellence Collaborative approach Desire to lead and create a strong connection with your colleagues and clients Intellectual curiosity Empathy Ability to see the bigger picture Ambition to grow professionally International mindset

MAJOR OFFICE LOCATIONS ++ Europe: Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Netherlands, Russia, Scandinavia, Spain, Switzerland, Turkey, United Kingdom ++ America: Brazil, Canada, Latin America and the Caribbean, Mexico, United States ++ Asia-Pacific: Australia, China, Indonesia, Japan, south East Asia, South Korea, Singapore, Vietnam ++ Middle East: Bahrain, Iran, Israel, Saudi Arabia, UAE ++ Africa: Egypt, Kenya, Morocco, Nigeria, South Africa

MAJOR PRACTICE AREAS ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++

Antitrust & Competition, Construction & engineering, Corporate & M&A, Disputes, litigation and arbitration, Financing and capital markets, Intellectual property, data and commercial, Global Investigations, Investment fund services, People & reward, Real estate, Regulatory,Restructuring & insolvency, Tax

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HSF offers summer and winter internships in each of its Australian offices as an opportunity for you to get to know HSF and for HSF to get to know you and consider you for a graduate position.

Requirements: ++ Citizen or permanent resident of Australia or have the right to work in a full-time role in Australia over the clerkship period (ie. international students with a visa that permits them to work over this time are eligible) ++ A penultimate or final year student at an Australian law school Application process: 1. Apply via HSF’s online recruitment portal. This involves submitting a cover letter addressed to the main contact in the relevant office and outlining your interests and suitability for a position at HSF, your CV outlining your work experience, extra-curricular activities, and academic and non-academic achievements; a copy of your academic transcript; and answers to a few short questions about your interest in HSF and commercial law generally.

2. Complete an online assessment 3. Interview. This is less about a list of prepared questions and more about giving you a chance to tell HSF about yourself.

See HSF’s website for tips to help you prepare.

4. Offers made in line with state Law Institute guidelines.

Note: you can only apply for one HSF office, including globally.

For more information ++ Visit: https://careers.herbertsmithfreehills.com/au/grads/ join-us ++ Send your questions to the emails below Office

Deadline

Clerkship period

Contact

Melbourne

9 July - 12 August

4 week programs in July and Dec

Hong Le (Graduate Recruitment Consultant) graduates.melbourne@hsf. com

Sydney

18 June 15 July

10 week program from Dec to Feb

James Keane (Graduate Recruitment Consultant) james.keane@hsf.com

Brisbane

26 Feb 26 Mar

4 week programs in November 2018 and January 2019

graduates.brisbane@hsf.com

Perth

16 July 5 August

3 week programs in Dec, Jan and June 2019

Chloe McClements (Graduate Recruitment Consultant) Chloe.mcclements@hsf.com

GRADUATE PROGRAM HSF offers most graduate positions to clerks. Occasionally, additional opportunities become available to apply directly to join HSF’s graduate program.

International oppor tunities Much of HSF’s work has a cross-border element and aims to provide a seamless integrated services across the globe.

HSF offers graduates the opportunity to go on international secondments to Hong Kong, Singapore and London offices and more.

Application process: 1. Apply online via HSF’s career portal; 2. Psychometric assessment. To prepare, HSF recommends you familiarise yourself with the questionnaire, by going through similar sample questions at www.shldirect.com.

3. Interview

AVAILABILITIES HSF ’s careers por tal: https://krb-sjobs.brassring.com/TGnewUI/Search/Home/Home?part nerid=30009&siteid=5119#home Note: you can only apply for one HSF office, including globally.

HONG KONG Vacation Scheme HSF offers penultimate, final year and graduate law students from Australia with have strong academics and Chinese language skills, the opportunity to get an introduction to life at HSF, work with real clients, and gain insight into HSF’s practice areas. You’ll also be invited to formal and informal social events where you can network with other students, partners and trainees.

Application process: 1. Apply online 2. Interview by HSF’s graduate recruitment panel 3. 1-hour translation test Key dates: ++ Applications open 1 November 2018 - 31 January 2019 ++ Program dates: 4-week long programs in June and July International Arbitration Internship This is an opportunity to work in a major arbitration centre alongside HSF’s international arbitration team for 3-4 months and be coached by leading international lawyers. You will gain a first hand understanding of legal and commercial aspects of this practice and involved in various projects from assisting with arbitration matters and conducting research to writing papers and journal articles.

Requirements ++ Graduate student qualified (in Hong Kong or overseas) ++ Interest in experiencing a leading international arbitration Key dates ++ Applications open from 1 - 31 August 2018.

Training contract During this two year program with four six-month rotations you have the opportunity to go on international secondments and tailor the experience to your career aspirations.

Requirements ++ Law graduate ++ Fluent in written and spoken Chinese Key dates ++ Applications open in August 2018 and close once all places have been filled For more information ++ Contact Helen Lo (Recruitment.Asia@hsf.com)

SINGAPORE INTERNSHIP HSF Singapore offers paid internship to law students and graduates who interested in getting first-hand experience in a leading global law firm. You can choose to work in HSF’s Corporate Practice Group or their Disputes and International Arbitration Practice Group. To be eligible, you must: ++ currently be a law student or a recent law graduate. Priority is given to students and graduates of the law faculties of the National University of Singapore and Singapore Management University, and returning Singaporean law students/graduates from approved US, UK, and Australian universities (like Melbourne Law School). ++ be able to live and work legally in Singapore (HSF will not be able to assist with or sponsor your application for a permit to live and work in Singapore). ++ commit to a minimum of four weeks of internship in one Practice Group. However if you require adjustments to be able to participate, let HSF know in your application form.

You should be a self-motivated individual with outstanding achievements in academic and extra-curricular activities. You should also be a team player with excellent organisation and communication skills.

To apply, fill in the form on HSF Singapore’s webpage (https://careers. herbertsmithfreehills.com/sg/grads/our-internships) and send to hr.southeastasia@hsf.com.

Key dates: For an internship in ++ April, May or June - apply by 1 March ++ July, August, September - apply by 1 June ++ October, November, December - apply by 1 September ++ January, February, March - apply by 1 November

LONDON Vacation Scheme HSF runs 3 week long vacation schemes in its London office for passionate students and graduates at universities in the UK and overseas.

Application process: 1. Complete the online application. This includes submitting information about your academic credentials, language abilities and how the skills you have gained through how legal and non-legal experience demonstrates your potential to become a great lawyer. It’s not all about academics, and you have the opportunity to explain mitigating circumstances. To contextualise Australian grades, you should explain the grading system in the ‘further information session’ 2. Online verbal reasoning test Key dates: ++ Summer vacation schemes run during late June and July. ++ Winter schemes run from 4-15 December. ++ Applications are open from 18 September to 29 December.

Training contract During your 2 year training contract at HSF London, you’ll develop skills across a range of practice areas, rotating through four six-month seats. HSF recruits from a range of academic backgrounds including those not trained in UK law. HSF London offers you many benefits including a grant to use towards further study, and secondment opportunities to HSF offices around the world.

Application process: 1. Complete the online application form. This includes indicating how the legal and non-legal experience you’ve gained demonstrates your potential to become a great lawyer.

2. Take an online verbal reasoning test 3. Attend HSF’s Assessment Centre

Global Legal Careers Guidebook 107

PRIVATE PRACTICE

INTERNATIONAL OPPORTUNITIES

Our clients need exceptional people to help them thrive in a world defined by change and complexity. They need people who are intellectually curious; who are able to advise with clarity and originality; people who believe that the business of law is based on human relationships.

Bring those qualities, your energy and your ambition and we’ll offer you the international opportunities, challenges and responsibilities only a leading global firm can provide. We offer an environment built on support and collaboration, where high performance is recognised and rewarded, and where you’ll be inspired and mentored by leaders in their fields.

We see a fascinating and exciting future for the business of global law. Do you?

#1 24 #1

GRADUATE EMPLOYER FOR LAW IN AUSTRALIA

OFFICES ACROSS ASIA, AUSTRALIA, EUROPE, THE MIDDLE EAST, THE UK AND THE US

LAW FIRM IN AUSTRALIA FOR LGBTI INCLUSION – PRIDE IN DIVERSITY

PRIVATE PRACTICE

BE AN EXCEPTIONAL LAWYER

HERBERTSMITHFREEHILLS.COM/CAREERS

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129

OPPORTUNITIES IN AUSTRALIA

ABOUT KWM

INSIGHT PROGRAM

King & Wood Mallesons (KWM) is recognised as one of the leading and most innovative international law firms, offering a global platform comprised of over 2000 lawyers in 26 locations around the world to help clients with local and international challenges and competitive commercial advantages. With headquarters in Asia, KWM helps clients enter the Asian markets and connect Asia to the rest of the world.

KWM lawyers are described as “approachable, having a sense of humour, good work ethic, a pleasure to work with, both clients and work colleagues”. KWM empowers you to be your best self through a range of exceptional on the job, mentoring, and formal learning opportunities.

Values and distinct features ++ Client centric, ++ Dynamic & entrepreneurial, ++ Operating as one family, one firm, working corroboratively and supporting each other across cultures to bring the best results for clients, the firm and KWM lawyers, ++ Excellence & innovation, ++ Strengthening the firm for future generations through professional development and reflection, ++ International perspective, ++ Diversity & inclusion. KWM has integrated a Contextual Recruitment System (CRS) into their summer clerkship recruitment process. This allows KWM to understand each applicants achievements in context.

What KWM looks for: ++ High achieving & results oriented - a track record of achievement, commitment and resilience, demonstrated ability to identify and achieve goals; ++ Intellectual curiosity; ++ Client centricity; ++ Agility to deal with the changing international legal landscape; ++ Diverse perspective and innovation; ++ Commitment to a legal career; ++ People who build relationships and rapport with others through emotional intelligence and collaborative working style

MAJOR OFFICE LOCATIONS

++ Europe: Belgium (Brussels), Germany (Frankfurt), Italy (Milan), Spain (Madrid), United Kingdom (London) ++ Asia-Pacific: Australia (Brisbane, Canberra, Melbourne, Perth, Sydney), China (Beijing, Chengdu, Guangzhou, Hangzhou, Jinan, Nanjing, Qingdao, Sanya, Shanghai, Shenzhen, Suzhou), Hong Kong SAR, Japan (Tokyo), Singapore ++ Middle East: United Arab Emirates (Dubai) ++ North America: United States (New York, Silicon Valley)

++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++

MAJOR PRACTICE AREAS

Banking & Finance, Competition, Trade & Regulatory, Corporate, Private Equity, M&A and Commercial, Dispute Resolution & Litigation, Intellectual Property, International Funds, Projects, Energy & Resources, Real Estate, Restructuring & Insolvency Securities, Tax

KWM’s day-long ‘Insight’ program provides law students the opportunity get an overview of KWM and insight into the experience of KWM staff about their experiences as legal professionals.

Eligibility The program is primarily aimed at first year law students, however if you are eligible for a clerkship but are unable to participate (e.g. overseas exchange) you may be eligible and should contact KWM for more information.

Key dates: ++ Applications are open from 2 July 2018 - 29 July 2018 ++ Session 1: 19 September 2018 ++ Session 2: 17 October 2018 ++ Session 3: 14 November 2018 ++ Session 4: March/April 2019 How to apply: Apply via KWM’s online career system.

For more information ++ Contact Kellie Mildred (kellie.mildred@au.kwm.com) ++ http://careers.kwm.com/en/graduates-australia/insightprogram

VIRTUAL INTERNSHIP KWM was the first law firm in Australia to offer a virtual legal internship, which received overwhelming interest. Participants choose to finish 3-5 of the programs 5 modules which focus on Asia experience, disputes, innovation pro-bono and transactional. The program features briefings by KWM partners and lawyers, before completing tasks such as drafting documents, communicating with clients, understanding smart contracts, working with community partners and advising on corporate legal matters.

See:https://www.insidesherpa.com/virtual-experience-program/ Dqj7t7hotvomefD7Z/KWM

CLERKSHIPS KWM offers clerkships for penultimate year students, whereby you can familiarise yourself with KWM and equip yourself with the skills and information to get the most out of a graduate program at KWM. Penultimate year students are preferred, but KWM will consider applications from final year students who are unable to do a clerkship in their penultimate year (ie. on exchange).

Office

Application dates

Clerkship periods

Graduate Careers Contact

Melbourne

9 July - 12 Aug

Nov/Dec Jan/Feb June/July

Alana Arfi +61 3 9643 5466 alana.arfi@au.kwm.com

Sydney

18 June - 15 July 2018

Nov/Dec - Jan

Kellie Mildred +61 2 9296 3592 kellie.mildred@au.kwm.com

Brisbane

26 Feb - 26 Mar 2018

Nov/Dec June/July

Haley Fisher +61 7 3244 8708 haley.fisher@au.kwm.com

Perth

16 July - 5 August

Nov/Dec June/July

Shenae Djulbic +61 8 9269 7643 shenae.djulbic@au.kwm.com

Canberra

18 June - 15 July

Nov/Dec

Bonnie Robinson +61 2 6217 6751 bonnie.robinson@au.kwm.com

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PRIVATE PRACTICE

Website: http://careers.kwm.com/en Major offices: Australia, China, Hong Kong, Singapore, Germany, Italy, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom

GRADUATE PROGRAM KWM’s 2 year graduate program supports mobility across offices by providing an integrated firm-wide approach. Graduates complete rotations in different practice areas, the number of which depends on location. For example, in London and Hong Kong you complete 4 rotations whilst in Canberra you complete at least 2.

During the program you will have: ++ Formal and informal learning experiences, ++ Opportunity to apply to complete a rotation in one of KWM’s offices interstate or overseas, ++ Client contact, ++ Your Practical Legal Training (PLT) delivered online during your first 8 months through KWM’s in house program.

Key dates: ++ The graduate program commences in February ++ Melbourne, Sydney and Brisbane: recruitment is in line with the Law Institute guidelines for each state. The majority of positions are recruited through the clerkship program.

Additional vacancies are advertised on KWM’s career page after the offer date for each state. ++ Perth - recruitment follows the priority offers process.

Former vacation clerks and law clerks are eligible for priority graduate offers for 2019. Applications open 25 June and close 20 July 2018 for priority offers on 27 July 2018.

APPLICATION PROCESS 1. Apply online. This involves submitting your cover letter, CV, transcript and answers to a few short questions.

2. Select candidates will be invited for an interview. This occurs in 1 or 2 stages depending on the office you are applying for. The initial interview is at KWM’s office with a partner and senior associate. The second interview is with a partner over coffee.

3. Invitation to networking events during the interview process . These evenings are a great way to meet people within the firm and gain a feel for the culture at KWM. All events are optional and are not part of the assessment process.

INTERNATIONAL OPPORTUNITIES To see available opportunities for students and graduates across the world see KWM’s careers page: http://careers.kwm.com/en

HONG KONG Hong Kong clerkship Program Clerkships are available for penultimate year law students at Hong Kong and Australian universities. Working under the supervision of a partner, development choach and buddy, you will learn the skills to get your started, and KWM’s core areas, culture, training and community. ++ Winter clerkship - December/January/February ++ Summer clerkships - June & July ++ Applications open 1 November and close 20 January Trainee Solicitor program As a trainee solicitors you’ll go through 4 six-month rotations in three practice groups. You will also have the opportunity to complete a rotation in one of KWM’s overseas office as part of the International Graduate Program (IGP) aimed to help you become a successful lawyer in the international market. The IGP also includes training (induction program, Continuing Professional Development, external seminars).

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Note: ++ Most trainees are former KWM clerks, however additional offers may be made after August. ++ The offer of a Trainee Solicitor contract is conditional upon successful completion of the Postgraduate Certificate of Laws (PCLL) course that runs full-time from September to June.

How to apply 1. Fill out this online form: http://careers.mallesons.com/caw/ en/listing/?jobnotfound=true 2. Select candidates will be invited in for an interview with a partner and senior associate. You will be asked to take a written test on the day. Interviews for trainee positions are not required for former vacation clerks.

3. Directly after your interview you will have the opportunity to meet with a junior lawyer over coffee to ask any questions about KWM or the clerkship program.

4. You’ll be invited to an optional cocktail function.

For more information: ++ See the following webpage and the brochure (http://careers. kwm.com/en/graduates-hong-kong/applications) ++ Helen Acton, graduate recruitment manager for Hong Kong (helen.acton@hk.kwm.com)

SINGAPORE ++ Clerkships and training contracts at Singapore operate through KWM’s Australian graduate programme. ++ Contact: Olanda Gislason, Careers - Brisbane (olanda. gislason@au.kwm.com; +61 7 3244 8565)

DUBAI Dubai is a thriving part of the United Arab Emirates, and a business hub linking the East and the West. KWM’s Dubai office is centrally located with quick airport and public transport links, and an extraordinarily diverse team hailing from England, Australia, Saudi Arabia, France, Lebanon, Pakistan, the Philippines, Sudan and the US. As a graduate, you will have opportunities to develop your legal skills and expertise, work across all main practice areas in the region and develop unique skills whilst working on interesting and challenging matters at a market leading, international practice. As KWM’s work is truly multi-jurisdictional (regularly involving matters based in Africa, Europe and Asia), you will experience a wide array of legal systems and business practices, resulting in a distinctively broad understanding of both the needs of KWM’s clients and the legal options available to effect the same. ++ Contact: Walid Hamzeh, Careers - UAE (Walid.Hamzeh@ me.kwm.com; +9714 313 1701)

PRIVATE PRACTICE

Asia Pacific | Europe | North America | Middle East www.kwm.com

Global Legal Careers Guidebook 111

ABOUT LATHAM & WATKINS

INTERNATIONAL OPPORTUNITIES HONG KONG

Website: https://www.lwcareers.com Major offices: London, Hong Kong, Singapore, United States Latham & Watkins is one of the world’s largest law firms, with internationally-recognised practices in more than 30 offices across Asia, the US, Europe and the Middle east. L&W’s lawyers frequently collaborate across jurisdictions to provide clients with the best international experience and insight. L&W has no head office and no dominant practice, and instead has a single, integrated partnership, which provides a collaborative, innovative approach to client service.

L&W is run by committees, which rely on consensus-based decisions.

Working at L&W, you will rapidly assume a high level of responsibility and enjoy significant partner and client interaction, with support from an established mentoring program.

Values and distinct features ++ Devoted to client service through solutions-based approach, ++ Culture geared toward establishing long-term relationships, ++ Commitment to pro bono and community service, ++ Advancement and leadership development programs ++ Women Enriching Business (WEB) ++ Sustainable measures and Recycling Tactics (SMART) ++ Collaborative style and collegial atmosphere ++ Diversity in backgrounds and opinions What L&W looks for: ++ High calibre candidates, in terms of academics and personality ++ Personal and/or professional achievement ++ Collegial and collaborative ++ Originality and creative thinking ++ Entrepreneurial spirit and initiative ++ Excellent communication skills

MAJOR OFFICE LOCATIONS ++ Europe: Belgium (Brussels), France (Paris), Germany (Dusseldorf, Frankfurt, Hamburg, Munich), Italy (Milan, Rome), Russia (Moscow), Spain (Barcelona, Madrid), United Kingdom (London). ++ Asia-Pacific: China (Beijing, Hong Kong, Shanghai), Japan (Tokyo), Singapore, South Korea (Seoul ++ Middle East: Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates (Dubai) ++ North America: United States (Boston, Chicago, Houston, Los Angeles, New York, Orange County, San Diego, San Francisco, Silicon Valley, Washington DC

MAJOR PRACTICE AREAS ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++

Antitrust & Competition, Banking & Finance, Capital Markets, Compensation & Employment, US National Security, Communications Law, Commercial Litigation, Corporate Governance, Entertainment, sports & Media, Environment, Land & Resources, Economic sanctions & customs,

++ Government Contracts, ++ Healthcare & Life sciences ++ Information, Data Privacy & Cybersecurity, ++ Private equity, ++ Product liability, ++ Torts and class actions, ++ Project Development & Finance, ++ Real estate, ++ Insolvency, ++ Tax, ++ White Collar Defence & Investigations

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The following opportunities in L&W’s Hong Kong office are offered to students in their penultimate year of the JD from recognsied universities (including Melbourne Law School).

Vacation Scheme L&W’s Hong Kong office offers two three-week vacation schemes in the June and July for candidates considering applying for a training contract with the firm. The vacation schemes introduce you to L&W’s work and culture by providing opportunities to contribute to current matters and socialize with people who work at Latham. During the vacation scheme, candidates will: ++ be introduced to L&W’s work and culture; ++ produce written work and deliver a short presentation; ++ enjoy social events where you will experience the relaxed and open side of L&W. Key Dates ++ Two 3-week Summer Vacation Schemes run in June and July ++ Applications open October 1 and close March 1 Training contract L&W ensures trainees receive all the guidance you need. Partners, counsel and associates are committed to help you grow and develop your full potential, and are available to answer any questions you have. Before commencing your training contract, the firm will ask you to nominate your department and practice area preferences for your rotations. While L&W cannot offer any guarantees, the firm will endeavour to build your preferences into your program to help you plan your career. Opportunities during your training contract include: ++ Working in core areas, including Corporate, Finance and Litigation, providing you with an opportunity to develop skills and explore your own area of interest. ++ Spending up to six months in an overseas office After your 2 year training contract, you must obtain your Postgraduate Certificate in Laws (PCLL) Key dates: ++ Applications for the 2020 training contract open October 1 2017 and close August 1 2018.

How to apply: Apply online: https://www.apply4law.com/ lathamwatkins/ Experienced lawyers Experienced lawyers interested in joining L&W’s Hong Kong, Beijing or Shanghai offices should send a cover letter, resume and transcript to the local recruiting contact below: ++ Hong Kong - Recruiting Partner, Benjamin Carale (hkrecruiting@lw.com) ++ Beijing - Hiring Attorney, Allen Wang (allen.wang@lw.com), or Administrator, Tina Jin (tina.jin@lw.com) ++ Shanghai - Hiring Attorney, Julia Dai (julia.dai@lw.com)

SINGAPORE Vacation scheme L&W seeks candidates with strong academic background (minimum 2:1 degree and grades of the equivalent of at least AAB at A-levels for students from English law systems). Applications are accepted from law and non-law students, graduates and those completing or who have completed their GDL or LPC. L&W’s Singapore office runs a two-week summer vacation scheme Training contract Doing the summer scheme in Singapore is a prerequisite for applying.

For more information, see: https://www.lwcareers.com/en/offices/ singapore/how-to-apply.html

DUBAI

LONDON

L&W’s Middle East offices recruit newly qualified and experienced lawyers with exceptional academic achievement who are accredited to practice law in the UK, US, Europe or local offices. Ideal candidates have experience on sophisticated transactional matters in the Middle East region and high commitment to quality and client service. In particular, L&W are interested in lawyers who can work fluently in Arabic and/or who have strong ties to the region.

L&W’s London teams of sharp and intelligent people have built one of the few global law firms with truly integrated strength in the major financial centers across Europe, the United States, the Middle East and Asia. As L&W’s teams are smaller than those in many large UK law firms, they are looking for energetic people who are ready to make an important contribution almost immediately in their growing London office — people who will relish playing a key role in international projects and working alongside fellow lawyers worldwide.

Vacation Scheme L&W’s Dubai office runs a two week summer vacation program in July each year. During this program, you will spend time in two departments, as a valued and trusted member of the team. They will pay you US$500 per week and provide a return economy ticket to and from your country of residence and accommodation.

Vacation Scheme L&W runs two-week long vacation schemes to help you get to know L&W and for them to get to know you. During the program, you will: ++ sit in two practice areas; ++ share an office with your supervisor ++ have the support of a trainee mentor and the Graduate Recruitment team ++ attend practice area introductions and workshops ++ have the opportunity to attend social and networking events ++ be involved in real work, such as research projects, client calls, meetings, court visits, L&W have specified that to be eligible, you should be in the penultimate year of your law degree or at least the final year of a non-law degree. This indicates applicants from Australian JD students may be eligible,

Eligibility: both law and non-law graduates and undergraduates who are on track for or have obtained a minimum 2.1 degree and have obtained grades of at least AAB at A-level or equivalent.

Key dates ++ Programs run over Easter (mid April) and Summer (early July) ++ Application deadline: January

Application process 1. Submit your cover letter, CV and academic transcripts to me.recruiting@lw.com no later than 15 February.

2. Shortlisted applicants will be invited for an interview (in person if you are in Dubai or via video conference if you are elsewhere). During the interview you will meet partners and associates who will assess your application, your commercial awareness and your understanding of the firm.

Application process 1. Online application (April 2018 - 1 July 2018) 2. Video interview (July 2018) 3. Assessment day, consisting of a written task and two interviews, one including a presentation (July - August 2018). This stage of the process may vary if you are overseas. For further information email lorecruiting@lw.com.

Training contract Currently, L&W’s Middle East offices do not have a Solicitors Regulation Authority (SRA) training program. If you are interested in training contracts, you should apply through the London office as L&W offer seats in their Middle East offices as part of our London training program.

Training contract L&W’s 2 year training contract is predominantly given to trainees from L&W’s vacation schemes. During your training contract, you will: ++ undergo a 3 week induction and continued professional training and development; ++ complete four, six-month seats to explore what area of law suits you best; ++ have the opportunity to apply for a secondment during your third or fourth seat; ++ be supported by an associate mentor; ++ undertake the GDL and LPC. L&W will pay for this or reimburse your fees if you have already completed this.

For more information see: https://www.lwcareers.com/en/offices/ united-kingdom/get-to-know-us.html

OPPORTUNITIES FOR EXPERIENCED LAWYERS See Latham & Watkins Careers page for more experienced lawyers for current availabilities: https://www.lwcareers.com/en/experiencedlawyers/apply/index.html

Global Legal Careers Guidebook 113

PRIVATE PRACTICE

Please send employment inquiries to Middle East Recruiting at ME.recruiting@lw.com.

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PRIVATE PRACTICE

G D R P E O P L E W L I N V E S T I Q V H E U R A L

Global Legal Careers Guidebook 115

ABOUT SKADDEN

INTERNATIONAL OPPORTUNITIES

Website: https://www.skadden.com Major offices: London, Hong Kong, Singapore, United States

The following are some of the opportunities Skadden offers to Australian law school students and graduates. For more information, see: https://www.skadden.com/careers/attorneys/law-students-andgraduates

Skadden has rapidly built a reputation as a “go to” firm for sophisticated and landmark deals. Today, Skadden is one of the world’s elite law firms with approximately 1,600 lawyers in 22 offices on four continents. With over two decades of experience in Asia Pacific and approximately 100 lawyers residing in Hong Kong, Beijing, Shanghai, Singapore, Sydney, Seoul and Tokyo offices, Skadden provides integrated U.S., Hong Kong, English and Japanese law advice to clients on a wide variety of groundbreaking matters, including banking, capital markets, corporate M&A, private equity, energy and infrastructure projects transactions, and international arbitration and litigation matters.

Values and distinct features ++ Diversity & Inclusion ++ Pro bono ++ Mentoring ++ Work/Life resources including Flexible Return for Maternity ++ Womens Initiatives What ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++

Skadden looks for: Academic excellence (a minimum of a HD/D) Enthusiasm Creativity to grow Skadden’s market-leading practice Innovation International experience and interest Team-oriented Strong communication skills

MAJOR OFFICE LOCATIONS With 22 offices on four continents, Skadden serves clients in every major financial center globally. ++ Europe: Belgium (Brussels), Germany, (Frankfurt, Munich), France (Paris), Russia (Moscow), United Kingdom (London) ++ Asia-Pacific: China (Beijing, Hong Kong, Shanghai), Japan (Tokyo), Singapore, South Korea (Seoul), India ++ North America: United States (Boston, Chicago, Houston, Los Angeles, New York, Palo Alto, San Francisco, Washington DC)

MAJOR PRACTICE AREAS ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++

Banking, Capital Markets, Communications, Corporate Governance, Corporate Restructuring, Cybersecurity and Privacy, Energy and Environment, Financial services, Government Enforcement and White Collar Crime, Health Care and Life Sciences, Intellectual Property and Technology, International Trade, Investment Management, Labour and Employment, Litigation/Controversy,

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++ Mass Torts, Insurance, Consumer Litigation, ++ Media and Entertainment, ++ Mergers & Acquistions, ++ Mining, ++ National Security, ++ Outsourcing, ++ Political Law, ++ Private Clients/Trusts and Estates, ++ Private Equity, ++ Real Estate, ++ Sports, ++ Tax

HONG KONG The Hong Kong office focuses on a full range of corporate, capital markets, mergers and acquisitions, private equity, energy, infrastructure and project finance, real estate and investment finance, restructuring and insolvency, and structured finance transactions. The office also is the headquarters of the firm’s Asia-Pacific international arbitration and litigation practice.

Vacation placement scheme The four-week vacation placement schemes are important for students interested in a training contract with Skadden’s Hong Kong office, as they provide insight into the firm’s culture and hands-on experience with active transactions from diverse clients, often with an international aspect. Students in a vacation scheme are assigned a mentor and a “buddy”.

Throughout the placement, attorneys give students substantive, “real” assignments with proper supervision and feedback. Students also have the opportunity to get to know current associates and peers at formal and informal social events.

Key dates: ++ For the Winter 2019 Vacation Scheme (Jan - Feb 2019) apply by June 1 2018. ++ For the Summer 2019 Vacation Scheme (June - July 2019) apply by February 1 2019. ++ Candidates will be considered for 2021 training contracts.

Trainee solicitor program During Skadden’s comprehensive 2 year training program, you’ll: ++ learn from Skadden partners, counsel and associates, qualified external consultants, and full-time global training and development team; ++ attend training seminars and workshops also run for associates at all levels and across practice areas; ++ gain experience in two practice areas (corporate finance, mergers and acquisitions, private equity, finance, or international litigation and arbitration); ++ have the opportunity to undertake a secondment to Skadden’s Beijing, London or New York offices.

Skadden pays for the PCL course fees and provides a stipend of HK$50,000. For students required to take conversion exams for the PCLL Skadden will cover the cost of required examinations.

Key dates: ++ September 2020 Training Contracts: August 1, 2018 ++ September 2021 Training contracts: August 1, 2019

How to apply to the Vacation & Solicitor programs: 1. To apply for the next vacation placement or a training contract: submit your resume, transcripts and cover letter to asia.careers@skadden.com. Australian JD students with a HD/D grade average are specifically stated as eligible.

2. Interviews on campus in Australia, the UK and Hong Kong.

For more information ++ Contact Mary Schaus, Attorney Recruitment and Development Manager, at Mary.Schaus@skadden.com

LONDON

CHINA

Skadden’s London office is a major player in the London legal market, offering a fully integrated UK, European and US practice and composed of some of London’s top lawyers. The work is complex, often requiring innovative solutions that involve domestic UK and multijurisdicitonal law. Major fields of practice in the London office include mergers and acquisitions, private equity, financing, restructuring, tax, white collar crime, international arbitration and litigation.

The Beijing office of Skadden has an official licence to operate as a foreign law firm in the Peoples Republic of China (the PRC). They work with attorneys throughout the region and advise PRC clients on corporate finance transactions, mergers and acquisitions, and advise foreign clients on investment or acquisition projects in China.

Vacation scheme Skadden’s London office runs two-week placements over Easter and June/July. During your vacation scheme, you will spend time in two different practice areas, participate in training workshops, insight sessions and undertake an internationally focused group-based research task. You will also have the opportunity to get to know your peers and Skadden attorneys at social events.

Attorneys in Skadden’s Shanghai office work on corporate, capital markets, M&A, disputes and real estate transactions involving Hong Kong, the PRC, and other parts of Asia.

International Legal Consultants Once you have qualified in Australia or another jurisdiction, you may be eligible to be an International Legal Consultants (ILCs) at Skaddens offices in China.

Key dates: ++ The two-week programs run over Easter, June and July. ++ Applications open in October and close mid January.

As an ICL you’ll work closely with Skadden associates, counsel and partners in Hong Kong, Beijing and Shanghai on corporate and litigation matters. You will then spend two years in our program, and those who are successful are promoted to associate.

Training contract The majority of training contracts are offered to those who participated in the vacation scheme program in Skadden’s London office. During the two-year training contract, you will ++ rotate between different practice areas, and have the opportunity to undertake an international ‘seat’ in Skadden’s Brussels, Hong Kong or New York office; ++ have regular training; ++ be paired with a mentor; ++ receive performance reviews and get feedback to help you in your professional development; ++ undertake your Legal Practical Training course (LPC).

Skadden pays for the GDL and LPC course fees

ILCs are required to undertake internal training in professional skills, including but not limited to communication, English legal writing and financial statements training. ILCs also attend legal skills training throughout their time with the firm and are assigned a mentor and reviewed every six months.

After qualifying, you’ll travel to New York to participate in the fourweek long intensive program that provides business and legal skills training.

Key dates: ++ Training contracts commence in September two years after the date of application ++ Deadline: 31 July two years prior to commencement date.

For more information: ++ See: https://www.skadden.com/careers/attorneys/lawstudents-and-graduates/china ++ Peter Huang, Partner of Beijing office (peter.huang@ skadden.com; T:86 10 6535 5599) ++ Haiping Li, Partner of Shanghai office (haiping.li@skadden. com; ++ T:86 21 6193 8210)

Application process: 1. Online application ((https://www.apply4law.com/skadden/ default.aspx).

2. Interview typically consisting of a panel interview, a short case study exercise and a presentation.

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Eligibility: Skadden has specified that the following are eligible: undergraduate law students in their penultimate year, or students in the final year of a non-law degree. This implies that final-year applicants from other jurisdictions may qualify, but they should contact the recruitment team to confirm.

For more information: ++ See: https://www.skadden.com/careers/attorneys/lawstudents-and-graduates/united-kingdom ++ Aidan Connor, Graduate Recruitment Manager (aidan. connor@skadden.com T:44 20 7519 7424) ++ Nicola Kerley, Attorney Recruiting Manager (Nicola.Kerley@ skadden.com T:44 20 7519 7467

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TESTIMONIALS SHIMENG ZHANG

Winter Vacation Placement Student 2006, Trainee Solicitor 2008 , Associate 2010

WILFRED HO

Winter Vacation Placement Student 2013, Trainee Solicitor 2015, Associate 2017

Why Skadden?

Why Skadden?

There are many benefits to working at a top international law firm.

For me, one of the most compelling is that clients don’t come to us with easy problems. Skadden represents many of the world’s leading corporations on their most challenging matters. The cases I’ve worked on have involved misappropriation of trade secrets, intellectual property rights in the most successful reality television programme in China and the world, post-privatisation shareholder rights in a NASDAQ online gaming company and a shareholder-activist proceeding against one of the largest banks in Asia. The assignments are interesting and challenging, and make me a better lawyer.

What first drew me to Skadden was its reputation and the opportunities to work on international matters. What’s really impressed me since I’ve joined is the firm’s culture, which sincerely supports working together as a team to advise clients on some of the world’s most complex and high-profile matters.

Working at Skadden also means working alongside many of the world’s smartest and most accomplished lawyers. The firm encourages a collegial environment, which supports collaboration and learning from each other — my mentors are among the top attorneys in their fields. The open culture extends to strong support for diversity and inclusion, which has long been central to Skadden’s DNA. What is a Skadden internship like?

The purpose of a Skadden internship is to allow prospective attorneys to understand the types of practices Skadden offers in Asia. Interns therefore work on a variety of matters, including corporate finance, mergers and acquisitions, banking and finance, anti-trust and competition, and litigation and arbitration, to name just a few. Some tasks can be intellectually challenging, others might test your attention to detail — they require a range of skills crucial to your development as a lawyer.

Why the Trainee Solicitor Program?

Skadden Hong Kong is the firm’s largest office in Asia. Our Hong Kong trainee solicitor programme is one of the best ways to get to know the firm’s practice not only in Hong Kong but also throughout Asia and beyond. Our trainee solicitor programme also provides a unique opportunity to build a Hong Kong legal career — if you want to ultimately practice in Hong Kong, particularly in some of the newer and more competitive practice areas, having trainee experience here is all but essential .

What does Skadden look for in a future trainee?

There is no typical Skadden trainee — Skadden doesn’t have a “type.”

The firm strives to recruit a diverse range of backgrounds, experiences and skills to the firm. That said, there are a few traits we all share, such as an unparalleled work ethic, dedication to our clients and the ability to think outside the proverbial box.

What you like most from the internship program?

More than ten years later, one quality from my internship that still stands out is how quickly I felt like I became a part of the Skadden team. Right away, I developed a personal connection with numerous associates and partners, as well as with my fellow interns. I also still recall the great social programmes and the many fantastic meals we shared.

Tell us about your career journey in Skadden, from vacation placement, trainee to Associate.

I have been at Skadden for eight years now. In Hong Kong, it is uncommon for a lawyer to stay in one firm that long, as the market is extremely dynamic. But, I still feel like I’m gaining new experiences and taking on greater challenges. Every year has been very different from the one before. It almost feels like I’m at a new firm each year. There are many factors at play — the nature of the work, the dynamism of the Chinese/Asian legal industry, the fact that Hong Kong legal market is evolving very quickly — but most importantly, the firm itself seeks to make sure that we continue to learn and grow. Just in the last year or two, I’ve worked on matters involving such areas of law as trade secrets, PRC competition, English/Hong Kong intellectual property, English/Hong Kong conflicts of laws, New York securities law and English/Hong Kong/BVI shareholder’s rights, to name just a few. It’s both extremely challenging and intellectually stimulating. I’ve never had a dull day at work.

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What is a Skadden internship like?

At Skadden, interns are assigned substantive work from the start — during my first month here, I did “real” work on major transactions in three languages, with attorneys from four Skadden offices on three continents.

After a two-day orientation, interns are contacted by an associate or partner who will help them hit the ground running — dialing them into a client call, asking them to draft a document or having them research an issue with little precedent for a major, international client.

Most lunches are spent with fellow trainees, associates and partners; evenings are filled with a variety of genuinely fun social events. What I enjoyed most from my time as an intern was the people — both the associates and partners with whom I still work and my fellow interns, who are now some of my closest friends.

Why the Trainee program?

Compared with the graduate program in Australia, the trainee program in Hong Kong may seem quite long. Why train for two years before qualifying for associateship? The answer is: exposure, opportunity and, ultimately, experience. The Skadden training program allows interns to rotate through four different seats (practice areas), including one at one of Skadden’s overseas offices (New York, London or Brussels) and possibly a rotation in Skadden’s Beijing office. This approach provides: ++ (a) Exposure to at least four practice areas (for me, Corporate Finance, Mergers & Acquisitions, Litigation and International Arbitration, and, at Skadden’s Brussels office, Competition Law). It also offers exposure to the firm itself, giving you the chance to get to know what distinguishes Skadden from other firms, including the people, our international platform, the work and the firm’s culture. ++ (b) Opportunity to work on “firsts,” such as the first spin-off or the first confidential filing. In my case, it also meant a number of “firsts” that I would not have had the opportunity to experience in Australia: the first deal completely in Mandarin (from emails to calls to documents and instruction manuals); the first time interviewing the chairman of a now-listed company; the first time jetting off on a business trip within the first month of my training program; and many more. ++ (c) And by the end of my training program, I felt as if the experience I had gained far surpassed the two years that I had been training.

What does Skadden look for in a future trainee?

There is no “ideal” Skadden candidate. That said, if you would like to be a future Skadden trainee, here are some qualities and questions to bear in mind: ++ (a) Intelligence. Skadden values intelligence in all its forms.

How creative are you? Are you quick on your feet? How good are you at problem solving and critical analysis? Can you identify issues and brainstorm solutions? ++ (b) Skills. The firm expects, and will help you build, the skills it takes to be an effective adviser. What skill set do you bring to the team (and your clients)? Do you speak any additional languages (and, for the Hong Kong office, do you speak Mandarin or understand Chinese)? Do you have strong attention to detail? Are you a skilled writer? Are you a clear and concise communicator? ++ (c) Personality. This is the most important quality and what really sets Skadden attorneys apart. Are you hardworking, ethical and eager to collaborate? Are you curious and able to rise to challenges? Are you able to pick yourself up and learn from your mistakes? If so, Skadden may be the right place for you!

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ABOUT SLAUGHTER AND MAY Website:https://www.slaughterandmay.com/careers/ Major offices: London, Hong Kong, Beijing, Brussels

Slaughter and May is regarded as one of the most prestigious law firms in the world. They advise on high-profile and ground-breaking international transactions and have an excellent and varied client list that includes leading corporations, financial institutions and governments Slaughter and May is best known for its work in M&A and the equity capital markets where it focuses on high-end mandates. It is a stable choice as the firm has no hourly or billing targets for its lawyers and takes a multi-specialist approach to develop well-rounded lawyers and a collegiate culture.

Values and distinct features ++ Excellence through collaborative effort and a willingness to share expertise and ideas; ++ Friendly and supportive environment - everyone’s contribution is valued and respected ++ Equal opportunity and diversity; ++ Multi-specialists; ++ International approach; ++ Life-long learning and investing in you ++ No billing or time targets, meaning lawyers are not forced to compete with each other to find jobs or clients that bill the most hours nor are they forced to live under the stress of billable hours.

What Slaughter and May looks for: ++ Law degree is not essential (therefore indicating they are open to applicants from other jurisdictions) ++ Energy and spark who can relate to those around them; ++ Common sense, integrity and drive; ++ A range of interests outside of the law; ++ A sharp intellect - typically at least the equivalent of three strong A levels and either a 2:1 or a 1st in degree; ++ Independent thought; ++ Commercial awareness; ++ Resolve and judgement; ++ The ability to show grit under pressure; ++ A good sense of humour; ++ Enthusiasm, commitment and a willingness to accept responsibilities.

MAJOR OFFICE LOCATIONS Slaughter and May believe it is how you are global that matters. They develop extensive and meaningful relationships with other market leading firms to provide cross-jurisdictional legal advice that genuinely reflects what ‘global’ means for clients. ++ London ++ Hong Kong ++ Beijing ++ Brussels

MAJOR PRACTICE AREAS

++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++

Banking and Finance, Capital Markets, Corporate Governance, Corporate Restructuring, Cybersecurity and Privacy, Energy and Environment, Government Enforcement and White Collar Crime, Health Care, IP and Technology, International Trade, Investment Management, Litigation/Controversy,

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++ Mass Torts, Insurance, Consumer Litigation, ++ Media and Entertainment, ++ Mergers & Acquisitions, ++ Mining, ++ National Security, ++ Political Law, ++ Private Clients/Trusts, ++ Private Equity, ++ Sports, ++ Tax

INTERNATIONAL OPPORTUNITIES Slaughter and May offers genuinely international experience, including the opportunity to: ++ Work on international cases ++ Undertake vacation schemes and training contracts in its international offices; ++ Go on secondments during your training contract to either one of Slaughter and May’s offices or one of the firms they work closely with overseas.

BEIJING AND HONG KONG In Slaughter and May’s Beijing and Hong Kong offices ++ There are over 100 staff with 13 partners and over 40 lawyers ++ Lawyers practice English and Hong Kong law ++ Lawyers provide US securities law capacity for capital market transactions in Hong Kong, and work closely with leading Chinese law firms to provide top-quality, seamless advice. ++ Many lawyers are fluent in Mandarin and are able to draft, negotiate and advise in a bilingual environment.

For more information on: ++ https://www.slaughterandmay.com/where-we-work/offices/ beijing//#careers ++ Beijing and Hong Kong offices, including discussions of some of the big case, see: https://www.slaughterandmay. com/media/2535472/our-china-practice.pdf ++ Careers in Beijing and Hong Kong offices: https:// www.slaughterandmay.com/media/307190/graduaterecruitment-and-vacation-schemes-in-hong-kong.pdf Vacation schemes Slaughter and May runs vacation schemes in its Beijing and Hong Kong offices during winter and summer for those who have completed at least one year of a law or non-law degree. During your vacation scheme, you will work with associates and trainees involved in corporate, commercial and financing transactions, and attend training, including seminars and presentations, and social events.

If you are unable to secure a vacation placement, this should not deter you from applying for a training contract. Many of trainees did not gain work experience with Slaughter and May before joining.

Training contract Every year, Slaughter and May’s Beijing and Hong Kong office offers training contracts to graduates from undergraduate and postgraduate programs who intend to stay on and pursue their careers at Slaughter and May. Before your training contract starts, you must have: ++ A law degree or have passed the Common Professional Examination (CPE) or Graduate Diploma in Law (GDL); and ++ Passed your Postgraduate Certificate of Laws (PCLL) Qualified lawyers Slaughter and May are always happy to receive applications from qualified lawyers who meet their general criteria.

Applying: Key dates: ++ Applications are accepted throughout the year and offer places as applications are received. Therefore, it is recommend you submit your application as early as possible.

Application process 1. Apply by email or post to the relevant Office Manager. Your application should include: cover letter, CV, examinations results, names and addresses of two references, one of whom should be an academic referee.

2. Interviews (No interviews for vacation schemes)

BRUSSELS

Office contacts: ++ Beijing: Cecilia Ching, the Office Manager (recruitment.hk@ slaughterandmay.com) ++ Hong Kong: Recruitment Team (recruitment.hk@ slaughterandmay.com

LONDON Training contract (2020) Slaughter and May offers two-year training contracts in its London office to penultimate and final year law students or graduates and final year non-law students and graduates.

Applying as early as possible is encouraged, as interviews are scheduled and training contracts offered on a rolling basis. Therefore, they are unable to guarantee the availability of places as interviews progress. From time to time they may have places available to start in an earlier intake than advertised. If you think you are eligible for this, you should discuss this during your training contract interview and at the point of offer.

All future trainees must study the Legal Practice Course (LPC) at BPP Law School in Holborn, London. If you would like to qualify as a solicitor in England and Wales, but have not completed your undergraduate law degree in the UK, you will also need to study some or all modules of the GDL, or the Qualified Legal Training Scheme (QLTS) if you have already qualified in your home jurisdiction before commencing the LPC. You are advised to contact the Solicitors Regulation Authority before submitting an application to find out which GDL modules you need to undertake.

Training contract If you want to undertake a training contract at Slaughter and May’s Brussels office, you’ll start your career in the London office. There is not a separate trainee programme or opportunities in Slaughter and May’s Brussels office.

However, as part of their two-year training contract, trainees can apply to be seconded to Slaughter and May’s Brussels office as part of their six-month seat in the Competition group. Every three months, four trainees from the London office are seconded to Brussels (so generally 12 trainees during the course of each year).

Qualified lawyer Lawyers in Slaughter and May’s Brussel office work closely with the rest of the Competition Group in London, Hong Kong and Beijing.

Most of the qualified lawyers in the Brussels office are employed on a secondment basis (after having spent some time in the London office) For more information: ++ https://www.slaughterandmay.com/where-we-work/offices/ brussels/#careers

Application process: 1. Apply through Slaughter and May’s online applications system. This will involve completing a short form and attaching a copy of your CV and your cover letter (no more than one page) addressed to Janine Arnold, Senior Manager - Trainee Recruitment, introducing yourself, explaining your motivation for applying and extenuating circumstances or gaps in your CV. 2. Equal opportunity and diversity form 3. Interview Key dates ++ For non-law and final year law students and graduates: applications open 16 October and close 30 April ++ For penultimate and final year law students and graduates, applications open 1 June and close 31 July.

PRIVATE PRACTICE

For fur ther information: ++ See: https://www.slaughterandmay.com/careers/traineesolicitors// ++ Trainee Recruitment team (trainee.recruit@slaughterandmay. com; T: 020 7090 4454 ++ For adjustments: Janine Arnold, Senior Manager - Trainee Recruitment (janine.arnold@slaughterandmay.com; T: 020 7090 5049)

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