The Lindworm Festival

THE LINDWORM FESTIVAL

MERGING NOVEL GLULAM STRUCTURES AND LANDSCAPE IN MUNICH

BARC0175: ADVANCED ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN II

SVENJA SIEVER

20113419

UNIT PG 14

2021/2022

DESIGN TUTORS

DIRK KROLIKOWSKI + JAKUB KLASKA

Project Statement

Wood performs best along the grain, making bending timber more resource-efficient, durable, and structurally effective than cutting it. This project examines the technical abilities of large-span glulam structures and their integration as part of a continuous structure in Munich, Germany.

Spatial Definition

The overall spatial definition is investigated by categorising abstract spatial sequence iterations with the help of SubD. In addition, Live Physics engines are used to create shell structures from hanging models to optimise enclosing roof structures.

Structural Investigation

Structural hierarchy is established through stress trajectory from load analysis, resulting in different beam and lamella dimensions for primary and secondary structures. Implementing different timber species and cuts contributes to efficiency and the legibility of the construction hierarchy. Options of creating planar stiffness are examined through diagrid variations generated through the collection of simulation data. Mimicking the dynamics of branching networks, the Lindenmayer System helps to create bifurcating systems based on the ‘shortest walk’, therefore, saving material.

Brief and Site

The brief investigates Germany and China’s economic and cultural relations within the Bavarian context. As a city that embraces traditional and innovative values, Munich is the place where a project of this scale can be most likely realised. Also, timber is a deep-routed traditional building material in south Germany and has regained popularity in recent years.

Taking the concept of the diverse ‘Volksgarten’, the project helps to facilitate international exchange on the Theresienwiese, where celebration brings cultures closer together. As reflected in the Olympic Park by Frei Otto and Günter Behnisch, landscape plays an essential role in the city’s urban planning. Respecting the heritage of the Theresienwiese, the design facilitates celebration spaces while bringing back greenery to a site that was once lush grassland.

The challenge of the project was to synthesise the early material and spatial investigations with the given cultural backgrounds and contextual constraints.

Files submitted:

BARC0175_22_SvenjaSiever_PG14_ProjectStatement.pdf

BARC0175_22_SvenjaSiever_PG14_Portfolio.pdf

Spatial Tectonics

Structural and Spatial Investigations

1.1 Artefact Case Study: The Doecker Gymnasium

The Hetzer System

BENT GLUED LAMINATED H-BEAM

STEEL STRAPPING PURLIN ROOF SYSTEM

LOUVER CEILING (BARREL VAULT)

DOECKER GYMNASIUM WUPPERTAL 1911

The hall was built in 1911 by the largest manufacturer of buildings in wood panel construction as a model gym for the international hygiene exhibition in Dresden. The dismantlable “Doecker system building” has a supporting structure made of parabolic laminated timber arched trusses that go back to Otto Hetzer, the inventor of curved glue-laminated beams made of several lamellas.

1.4 Spatial Sequences I Transition Spaces Catalogue

CIRCULATION

PINCHED SURFACES

FOLDED SURFACES

ROOF/ENCLOSURE

A3 - INTEGRATED SPIRAL STAICASE

Abstract Continuous Surface Grid Structure

Top View

Investigation of the Lindenmayer Branching System

1.7 Spatial Sequences II

Multi-Floor Continuous Surfaces

1.8 Detailed Fragment Testing

Continuous Surface with Lateral Bracing Through Branching

Top View Elevation

1.9 Construction Hierarchy

Material and Dimensions

Timber species: Beech

Average density: 720 kg/m3

Flexural strength: 105-123 N/mm2

PRIMARY Beam depth: 500mm -1200mm

Timber species: Yew

Average density: 650 kg/cm³

Flexural strength: 85 N/mm²

SECONDARY I Beam depth: 400mm - 900mm

Timber species: Spruce

Average density: 800 kg/m3

Flexural strength: 80 N/mm2

SECONDARY II Beam depth: 600mm - 900mm

SECONDARY III Beam depth: 500mm

Timber species: Spruce

Average density: 800 kg/m3

Flexural strength: 80 N/mm2

TERTIARY Beam depth: 250mm

Timber species: Oak

Average density: 670 kg/m3

Flexural strength: 90-110 N/ mm²

DETAIL

1.12 Overall Structure Experimentation

Minimal Surface Definition

ELEVATION

PERSPECTIVE

1.13 Glulam Application to Minimal Surface Spaces

Principal Stress Analysis and Spatial Qualities

Spatial Tectonics Brief and Site

2.2 Sino-Bavarian Correspondance Economics

CLOSE ECONOMIC TIES

- China is Bavaria‘s most important trading partner, replacing the US as the EU‘s largest trading partner

- Bavarian companies account for a fifth of the German-Chinese trade volume

- Trading volume 2020: 33.9 billion Euros. For comparison, the USA: 29.4 billion euros

- 2,000 Bavarian companies have economic ties to China. In return, around 400 Chinese companies are active in the Free State

OBJECTIVES OF CHINESE INVESTORS

- European market access and access to technological know-how

- Expansion of research and development capacities and long-term establishment of new sales locations

- Expansion of customer and logistics network and product portfolio

- Circumvention of EU customs and import regulations (Free Trade Zone)

BENEFITS FOR THE BAVARIAN ECONOMY

- China as a solvent investor

STEADY GROWTH IN BAVARIAN-CHINESE TRADE

- Further development of technologies

- Access to the Asian market

BAVARIAN FIRMS IN CHINA

Agency “Invest in Bavaria” helps foreign companies to settle into the area

CHINESE COMPANIES IN BAVARIA

Source: Bavarian State Ministry for Economy, regional development and energy (2020)

Source: Invest in Bavaria

2.7 The “Nymphenburg Volksgarten”

The Neighbourhood Funfair 1890-1916

A POSTCARD OF THE NYMPHENBURG FAIR

In 1890, the “Volksgarten Nymphenburg” opened on the former site of the Nymphenburg brewery. At that time, Nymphenburg was not a district of Munich, but a suburban area. The Volksgarten was in the immediate vicinity of Nymphenburg Palace.

Although it was a permanent amusement park, the attractions changed very frequently and rarely lasted more than two to three years.

Sports fans and keen competitors got their money‘s worth at a trotting track or at the velodrome, which was intended for bicycle races.

Particular value was placed on culinary diversity. There were different theme restaurants in the Volksgarten.

Dance balls and band stands were offered for the music lovers. In variety shows, the guests were entertained with dance numbers and funny pieces.

An innovative highlight was the observation tower opened in 1897, which had an electric elevator. From a height of 35 meters, around 30 to 40 people had the opportunity to admire the panorama of the Alps.

Nymphenburg was a popular excursion destination for working society and the terminus of the so-called steam tram, which stopped at the main entrance to the Volksgarten.

Fig. 20

Fig. 22

Fig. 23

Fig. 24

Fig. 21

2.8 Programme Investigation

Festival Culture: Celebrating Together

Winter Solstice

Fig. 24 Fig. 24

Fig. 25 Chinese New Year in January/Feburary

Fig. 26 Oktoberfest end of September

Fig. 28 May Celebration on the first of May

Fig. 29 Lantern Festival end of Feburary

Fig. 30 Winter Tollwood Munich in November

Fig. 27 Mid-Autumn Festival (Moon Cakes) in September

Spatial Tectonics

Detailed Design

3.2 Integrated Landscape Iterations

3.3 Site Plan Iterations

Mediating Between Building and Landscape

3.4 Masterplan Configuration Infrastructure, Programme Massing and Landscape Integration

GROUND PLANE FORMATION

The terrain steps down towards a central plaza, simulating canyon and rock tectonics. The tier system enables the construction of multiple stories without having a significant impact on the cityscape. Within the building, the terracing of slabs helps to evenly distribute direct sunlight on all floors.

INTERIOR AND EXTERIOR PROGRAMMING

Offices and exhibition areas are located and face west, as the adjacent area is more quiet. Nearby buildings are either residential or used for similar purposes. “Louder” programmes face the centre of the site and are located east, where they are better connected to infrastructure and near commercially used buildings.

Central Plaza

Offices, Exhibition, Auction

Brewery, Hippodrome, Tavern

CIRCULATION NETWORK

The different programmes are connected through an interwoven path system, which form the plaza in the centre. New tram stations bring the barren place back to life and relieve the surrounding underground stations during festival season.

New Tram Stations

THE PARK AS PART OF THE URBAN FABRIC

The landscape is integrated into the urban layout, which is stongly connected to the idea of the “Volksgarten” (people’s garden). The outdoor spaces can be used for specific building programmes (Biergarten, Restaurants, Sports,...) or simply to socialise - similar to the function of most of Munich’s parks.

Biergarten, Bandstand, Leisure Activities

3.15 Roof Covering

Paramentric Tiling for Landscape Connection

ROTATION REQUIRED

BENDING REQUIRED

1 POINT ATTRACTOR

3 TWISTED LOUVER

LINE ATTRACTOR

TWISTED LOUVER + LINE ATTRACTOR

3.17 Structure Study I

Implementing Glulam Branching

Spatial Tectonics

Final Drawings

4.1 Site Plan

The Urban Park

THERESIENWIESE MUNICH

4.3 Bird’s-Eye View

“Welcome to the Munich Oktoberfest” - An advertising poster of the city to promote the annual Oktoberfest.

SECTION AA

4.5 Site Section Frontal View

FLUID PROGRAMME TRANSITION

The section shows the programme and programme distribution. Areas with high ceiling height are used as bier halls and exhibition spaces. Areas with lower ceiling height are used for the kitchens, serving and dining spaces. The idea is the fluid transition between the programmes. The shell roof automatically creates differential zones through its waved shape, therefore eliminating the need for physical boundaries.

SECTION AA

4.6 Fragment I

Interaction Gründerzeit Context

4.6 Fragment I

Interaction Urban Park + Beer Garden

4.7 Roof Fragment Parametric Tiling System

4.8 Roof Detail

Parametric Tiling System

4.9 Interior View I Intersitial Space

4.10 Interior View II

Mezzanine Level

4.11 Interior View III

Main Hall