A Constitution for Living
64
6. GambhΔra≈ca katha≤ kattå: capable of expounding on the profound; he can explain difficult and profound subjects clearly and can teach his students even profounder subjects. 7. No ca††håne niyojaye: not leading in wrongful ways; he does not lead his students in ways that are detrimental or in matters that are worthless or improper. (A.IV.31)
B. He is dedicated to giving knowledge by establishing himself in the five qualities of one who gives teachings, known as the dhammadesaka-dhamma: 1. Anupubbikathå: teaching step-by-step, in proper sequence; he teaches the principles or subject matter in order, from easy to abstruse, shallow to profound, in logical progression. 2. PariyåyadassåvΔ: expanding on and clarifying the main points; he explains; he brings forth reasons to clarify the meaning of each aspect and point; he varies his explanations to enable his listeners to clearly see his points in the light of reason. 3. Anudayatå: teaching with a heart of goodwill; he teaches with a mind imbued with goodwill and a sincere desire for his listeners’ benefit. 4. Anåmisantara: aiming not for material gain; he does not teach out of a desire for any material reward, payment or personal benefit. 5. Anupahacca:* speaking impartially and unabrasively; he teaches according to the principles, according to the content, with the intention of revealing the truth and the meaning, neither exalting himself nor satirizing or belittling others. (A.III.184)
C. He maintains the fourfold grace of a teacher: a capable teacher has the following techniques of teaching: 1. Sandassanå: making clear; no matter what he teaches, he explains the reasons behind it and analyzes it so that his listeners understand it clearly, as if leading them by the hand to see it for themselves. 2. Samådapanå: inviting practice; he teaches in such a way that [his listeners] see the importance of doing what needs to be done, appreciate its value, become convinced, accept it and are motivated to implement it or put it into practice. *See endnote 12, p.80.