A REVIEW OF LEPIDOPTERA IN BRITAIN DĂœRING 1972 BARON DE WORMS VERY
mild weather again prevailed during the first three months of 1972 with comparatively few cold spells. This period culminated in the middle of March with almost a fortnight of remarkably warm weather for the time of year and continuous sunshine which brought out all the hibernating butterflies in force. In particular the Comma (Polygonia c-album L.), Brimstones (Gonepteryx rhamni L.), and Small Tortoiseshells (Aglais urticae L.) were especially numerous in Dorset during the third week of this month. The Easter week-end feil during the first days of April which also opened with some very congenial conditions. In the Wye Valley on the edge of Monmouth the early spring and very local noctuid the White-marked (Gypsitea leucographa Schiff.) was unusually plentiful as it was also in its other restricted haunts. By the middle of April Orange-tips (Anthocharis cardamines L.) and Holly Blues (Celastrina argiolus L.) were already on the wing in the south of England, indicating what an early season it was. During the latter half of April the beating of the blackthorn blossom in various areas of the southern counties produced many larvae which eventually turned into specimens of the Sloe Pug (Chloroclystis chloerata Mabille). This small geometer had only been recognised as a British species in 1971. It was subsequently found not only to be widespread over most of southern and parts of eastern England but that several examples, mostly bred, were discovered in series mixed with its near relative the Green Pug (C. rectangulata L.), some going as far back as the 1940s. Reasonably propitious conditions continued during the first half of May which saw the emergence of many spring butterflies notably the Pearl-bordered Fritillary (Clossiana euphrosyne L.), the Wood White (Leptidea sinapis L.), and the Dingy Skipper (Erynnis tages L.). But towards the end of May one of the most inclement spells set in which was to last during more than half of June, making this month one of the coldest on record for the Century. This prolonged lapse in the general weather pattern was to have a most adverse effect on the prevalence of lepidoptera for most of the remaining summer and the rest of the year. A general feature was the amazingly small numbers of night-flying insects which were attracted to mercury-vapour lights throughout this bleak period at the height of the season. However, there was at least one bright glimmer in these otherwise lean and sombre few weeks. This was the discovery of a new habitat for the very elusive small noctuid, the Marsh Moth (Hydrillulla palustris HĂźbn.) which was found to be plentiful in a part of Lincolnshire over a wide area and the males were seen in greater numbers than ever before