Eliminius modestus

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PREHISTORIC MAMMALIA

Machaerodus sp. Sabre toothed Tiger. Fossils of this extinct family are extremely rare in this country so it cannot be expected many would be found in East Anglia. Teeth referable to Machaerodus are recorded from Red Crag. An incomplete canine tooth is in the Ipswich Museum from the Norwich Crag at Covehithe. This was originally referred to Homotherium because it appeared to lack the serrations on the posterior edge which exhibits marked signs of wear. Close examination, however, reveals a row of minute dark marks which correspond to the spaces between the serrations of the anterior edge. These undoubtedly indicate the former presence of serrations on both edges as may be seen on the perfectly preserved tooth from the Cromer Forest Bed now in the British Museum. Machaerodus has serrations on both edges of the canines, Homotherium has them on the anterior edge only and a third genus has none at all. This family had its origins back in the Eocene epoch (F. E. Beddard, " M A M M A L I A ", Cambridge Natural History, 1 9 0 2 , p. 4 0 2 ) and O . Schmit, " M A M M A L I A ", International Science series, 1894, p. 276), thought it became extinct during the Miocene epoch which lasted about 20 million years. Lydekker " Catalogue of British Fossil Mammals " 1894, lists remains of unknown date (possibly derived), from Kent's Cavern, Torquay. T h e latter may be of more recent date than the Forest Bed, but the evidence indicates the survival of at least one genus into the Pleistocene (first-interglacial of about half a million years ago).

ELMINIUS MODESTUS (Darwin) from the Stour Estuary by

J.

COLLINS

the collection of fossil material from the Inter-glacial deposits on the North bank of the River Stour at Stutton on 9th July, 1959, large numbers of the recent barnacle Elminius modestus (Darwin) were observed on pebbles exposed at low tide. A search was made to see if any specimens could be found attached to other objects and one dead Shore-crab, (Carcinides maenas L.,) was found with four individuals on its carapace. Also on the carapace were three specimens of Baianus improvisus (Darwin). T h e basal length of the largest specimen ofE. modestus was 6.5 mm. while the largest specimen of B. improvisus, which was seen to be overlapping an individual of E. modestus, was 5.4 mm. DĂœRING


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