Sustainable Urban Dynamics 2017

2017

Sustainable Urban Dynamics | Autumn 2017

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

Sustainable Urban Design Master’s Program

School of Architecture Lund University Autumn 2017

2017

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

Sustainable Urban Design Master’s Program

School of Architecture Lunds Tekniska HĂśgskola Lund University P.O. Box 124, 221 00 Lund, Sweden +46 46 222 00 00 www.stadsbyggnad.lth.se

AxSUD

Ax:son Johnson Institute for Sustainable Urban Design Lund University

Partner Universities

Beijing Jiantong University, School of Architecture, Beijing, China Southwest Jiaotong University, School of Architecture and Design, Chengdu, China

Book Editor

Katerina Vondrova

Cover Graphics

Yaroslava Korchagina

Contents Introduction 6

Foreword

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People

10

Course Outline

12

Course Goals and Objectives

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Working Process

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Site Context

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Design Site Workshop

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Study trip and Collaborative Workshop

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Workshop results

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Projects

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34

Ana-Maria Negru

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Asmaa Abdellahy

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Axel Lönnqvist

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Björn Englöv

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Charlotte Piggott

44

Effrosyni Stamopoulou

46

Efthymios Kapsalis

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Fanny Sundberg

50

Heena Srinivasan

52

Joseph Scotchman

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Klara Zugarova

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Maria Rodriguez

(Re)connecting Dujiangyan From Post-Disaster Development To Urban Resilience A Chinese Contemporary City Piece Dujiangyan - All Inclusive Take Place

“By Detours, Access To The Secrets” My Dujiangyan

Improve Air Quality With Urban Design Symbiosis - Urban And Rural Sericulture: The White Thread With The Flow

Paths Of Nature

58

Mohammad Al Hamwi

60

Parvaty Balagopal

62

Priscila Portugal Jorge

64

Sofie Norin

66

Sonjaly Juraszek

68

Viktor Brandt Johnson

70

Viktor Wallström

72

Lydia Koedoot

74

Martyna Drapisz

76

Mikaela Wigström

78

Oskar Nygren

80

Shadi Alwan

82

Tamara Varlamova

84

Yaroslava Korchagina

86

Ana Riau Warleta

88

Claudia Garcia Del Val

90

Daniela Salvova

92

Exhibition

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Afterword: Challenging Tommorow

Zero Emission City

Before The Flood: Dujiangyan Interactions With Water

By Bike, By The River Finding Balance: Nature, City, People Small Business, Lively Streets Dualities 双重性

Resilient Dujiangyan Lively Dujiangyan Pockets Of Light

Old China - Setting A Stage For The Future Green Network

Linpan Revisioned The Turning Point Riverside

An Outdoor Living Room

SUDes 2017

Artery

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Introduction

Foreword During the autumn term of 2017, students from all around the world participated in the advanced course Sustainable Urban Dynamics and its complementary theory course Urban Dynamics - Theory and Methods, focusing on creating a sustainable vision for Dujiangyan.

The aim of the design course was to challenge the existing development trends in China and propose an alternative sustainable future for the design site in the city of Dujiangyan in Sichuan Province, China.

Students focused on questions of urban development and sustainability in the context of China, globalization effects on the existing and new cities and the development of a holistic multi-scalar design process. These themes were explored throughout the whole semester in various seminars, guest lectures, and project tutorials with the goal that each student explores and presents a ‘context sensitive’ urban design proposal for the transformation of the assigned design site.

As part of the course and design process, the class took a study trip to Chengdu and Dujiangyan and completed a collaborative workshop with graduate students from School of Architecture at Beijing Jiaotong University and students of Southwest Jiaotong University in Chengdu. During the two weeks in China, the students received background on their design projects, input from local researchers and designers, visited the design site and explored the possibilities of the site through the workshop and visionary group proposals.

Upon returning from China, the students spent seven weeks developing their individual design proposals.

The student projects were presented on the 5th and 6th of December 2017, to the international jury at the School of Architecture in Lund. This course booklet presents the overview of the design process of the design studio and introduces 34 unique student individual works as result of the semester.

For further information on the course and International Master’s Program please visit our

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

website at www.stadsbyggnad.lth.se.

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SUDes 2017

Introduction

People SUDes Team:

Guest Teachers:

Peter Siöström Associate Professor Director of SUDes Master’s Program Sustainable Urban Design Lund University

Camilla Hedegaard Møller, Architect, KADK Helene Koch, Landscape Architect and Artist, Helene Koch Martin Arfalk, Landscape Architect, Mandaworks Simon Sjökvist, Architect, COBE

Andreas Olsson Course Leader Sustainable Urban Design Lund University

Guest Lecturers:

Katerina Vondrova Course Coordinator, Teaching Assistant Sustainable Urban Design Lund University Martin Arfalk Workshop Leader Landscape Architect Mandaworks AB Cyril Pavlu Workshop Assistant Sustainable Urban Design Lund University Linus Zhang Associate Professor Water Engineer Lund University

Martin Laursen, Landscape Architect, ADEPT Niels Bjørn, Urbanist and Researcher Martin Arfalk, Landscape Architect, Mandaworks Helene Koch, Landscape Architect and Artist, Helene Koch Simon Sjökvist, Architect, COBE

Guest Critics: Camilla Hedegaard Møller, Architect, KADK Martin Arfalk, Landscape Architect, Mandaworks Helene Koch, Landscape Architect and Artist, Helene Koch Jenny B. Osuldsen, Ax:son Johnson Guest Professor, Landscape Architect, Snøhetta Harrison Fraker, Ax:son Johnson Guest Professor, UC Berkeley Delia Moldoveanu, Urban Designer, &rundquist Daniel Wasden, Planning Architect, Lund Municipality Andreas Mayor, Urban Designer, Sydvast Arkitektur Qiang Sheng, Associate Professor, Beijing Jiaotong University Linus Zhang, Associate Professor, Lund University

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Students:

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Ana-Maria Negru, Romania Asmaa Abdellahy, Egypt Axel Lönnqvist, Sweden Björn Englöv, Sweden Charlotte Piggott, Sweden Effrosyni Stamopoulou, Greece Efthymios Kapsalis, Greece Fanny Sundberg, Sweden Heena Srinivasan, India Isabella Persson, Sweden Joseph Scotchman, Scotland Klara Zugarová, Czech republic Maria Rodriguez, Mexico Mohammad Al Hamwi, Syria Parvaty Balagopal, India Priscila Portugal Jorge, Brazil Silvia Paris, Italy Sofie Norin, Sweden Sonjaly Juraszek, Brazil Viachaslau Kuzmin, Belarus Viktor Johnson, Sweden Viktor Wallström, Sweden Lydia Koedoot, The Netherlands Martyna Drapisz, Poland Mikaela Wigström, Norway/Sweden Malin Markkanen, Sweden Oskar Nygren, Sweden Oskar Svahn, Sweden Shadi Alwan, Yemen Tamara Varlamova, Russia Yaroslava Korchagina, Russia Ana Riau Warleta, Spain Claudia García Del Val, Spain Daniela Salvová, Slovakia

Course Outline Sustainable Urban Dynamics The course Sustainable Urban Dynamics and its complementary theory course Urban Dynamics - Theory and Methods make up the two thirds of the 3rd semester of the Sustainable Urban Design Master’s Program at School of Architecture at Lund University and are designed to engage in both theoretical discussions and spatial explorations through a semester-long design project that focuses on ‘the context sensitive design’ in China.

The course includes students enrolled in the architecture school, the SUDes Master’s Program, as well as Erasmus exchange students. Therefore, the course is filled with diversity, having students from a number of different countries and a number of professional backgrounds including planning, architecture, and landscape architecture.

The Sustainable Urban Dynamics studio is organized around an approach to urban design ‘the context sensitive design.’ While the approach can be far-reaching, the studio focuses on three central themes aspects that will form the central driving forces for the theoretical discussions, investigative research, and design explorations.

These three key themes can be described as following:

1. Sustainability with Chinese Characteristics

This studio will demand that each student gain comprehensive knowledge about China’s history, geography and culture. While today, China is a place of rapid change; it is of the utmost importance that each student becomes an expert in historical perspectives, cultural understanding, economic arguments and environmental situations of Dujiangyan and the whole China to engage in discussions about how to make China’s future more sustainable. Each of the solutions should, therefore, be uniquely grounded in the specific situation of China, Dujiangyan, and the local context of the design site.

2. Place Making in a Global World

Numerous critics have highlighted the ‘generic’ and placeless qualities of globalized urban development.

At the same time, proponents have applauded globalization and its qualities of connectivity. Throughout the course, the theoretical readings will be introduced that initiate students on the benefits and challenges of living in a global world. From this exposure, the challenge for the students is to become experts on the discussions of globalisation’s effect on urban development and translate them it a design project that utilizes its context, speaks of the local qualities of the landscape, and shows how the architecture is specifically related to place and climate conditions.

3. From Vision to Design

SUDes 2017

The course demands that each of the student works from a holistic vision down to the detailed design.

Students are encouraged to do this by continuously moving between scales and testing a range of ideas on the site. Throughout the semester they are exposed to techniques, working methods, and theoretical discussions that provide examples of how to master the need of designers to work from holistic visions down to the detailed design. With this insight, each of the students will create their own unique project story that helps communicate their work - its global dimensions, its regional connections, and its unique sense of place - to the diverse audiences in Sweden and China.

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Introduction

Course Goals and Objectives Course Goals and Objectives Since the studio marks the 3rd semester of the master’s program, the expectations for this course are high. The students are expected to hit the ground running and to challenge themselves, to consistently bring a high level of energy, and to help the course to develop an atmosphere of collective innovation and continuous inspiration.

The goal of the teachers is to challenge the students, guide them throughout the semester and help them grow as urban designers. The hope is through seminars, tutorials, and critics to raise the level of students work by giving the opportunities to exercise the ability to critically discuss their own design work and better communicate the design intentions.

The main key principles that we believe each of the students should strive to follow as they provide a framework for improving the design skills are as follows:

1. Produce

An emphasis was placed on actively producing material to explore the possibilities of the site. It has been a central belief of the studio that quality design work comes through thorough investigation, large quantities of design sketching, and reflection upon that work through open discussions and dialogue. In that way it has been our intention to make the studio a test-bed for new ideas and innovation.

2. Research

Parallel to production, research was integrated into each students individual design process. Either inspired by exemplarily projects or by individual design sketches, research formed the foundation of each student’s proposal. Through this process, the student developed an unique design program and formed individual opinions on appropriate ‘context sensitive’ solutions. The research and theory also helped each student to develop their arguments within contemporary design discussion.

3. Push the Limits

Research and production were geared to push the limits and break down the existing boundaries in the practice of urban design today. It is this studio’s belief that in order to achieve sustainability, it is a must to explore emerging research, cross disciplinary boundaries, and envision innovative design solutions that help create a better future for all of us.

4. Refine + Detail

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Focus and precision are keys to bringing an inspiring concept to reality. Implementation is the most critical phase in any design and its essential to pay attention to these details throughout the design process. Throughout the course, each student was asked to refine their work by utilizing drawing, modeling, and imagery to craft a project that speaks to the human dimension and convinces everyone that sustainability can be a tool to make a better world.

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Working Process Semester Structure The semester schedule was broken down into 5 parts, each ending in student presentations.

A 6th and final part concluded the semester and provided the students a chance to improve and reflect upon their work. This structure allowed for students to focus on specific components of their projects and design process as well as get feedback on a consistent basis.

In general, the structure worked from the large over-arching scale of globalization towards the development of design details within the final project. Each 3 week period required the students to go one step further in the development of their projects while at the same time bringing with them knowledge from their previous explorations.

Each period ended with student presentations to a jury that examined their progress and helped to push their work forwards. Through the guest critics comments and weekly individual tutorials, each students work grew in depth and detail in an attempt to tackle the challenges posed by the site and the three themes of the course.

Within each of the parts, the individual weeks had a rhythm to help structure the course work. Mondays and Tuesdays were typically reserved for seminars, lectures, and tutorials to provided inspiration and feedback for each student’s on-going work. On Wednesdays the students were given studio time to develop their projects based on the assigned tasks.

Communicating Detailed Urban Design Developing the Context Visions for the more Globalization and Tianjin’s

Sustainability

Development

Sensitive Design

Sustainable Tomorrow

Transformation PRESENTATION 1 PRESENTATION 2 EXPLORING FIRST IDEAS

PRESENTATION 3 THE URBAN PLAN

PRESENTATION 4 MID-TERM REVIEW

PRESENTATION 5 FINAL REVIEW

SUDes 2017

THE SITE CONDITIONS

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PHOTO: CYRIL PAVLU

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SUDes 2017

Introduction

Site Context China the Sichuan Province The first part of the course focused on gathering information on the country of China, the city of Dujiangyan, the neigborhoods surrounding the site, and the assigned study site in the central part of the city. During these first three weeks of the semester, the students completed a variety of group studies on the city of Dujiangyan and its relationship to globalization and the regional dynamics of the Sichuan province. Each of the ten student groups were encouraged to explore a line of personal interest that related to their evolving research on Dujiangyan and the assigned design site.

Their group mappings included analysis of Dujiangyan’s urban structure, rich history, social characteristics, economic flows, environmental challenges and landscape. The results were presented to a panel of guests, and the research provided a strong base for the studio’s study visits and working process in China.

Additionally, this first parts of the course included three seminars that provided a common theoretical background. These seminars introduced the students to the key questions of globalization, the history of Chinese urbanism and contemporary case studies of sustainable urban design in China.

Dujiangyan within the Sichuan province To begin the group research, the student groups were asked to map out the impacts of globalization and on-going processes that were influencing the urban development of China and the Sichuan province. Located in southwestern China, the region is home to around 81 million people and is one of China’s largest and most dynamic economic regions.

Throughout the semester the students researched the history of the region surrounding the city of Dujiangyan, the changing dynamics of the region, and the physical impacts that the close connection to the provincial capital city of Chengdu and the regional planning focusing on the future development of Chengdu were having on the city of Dujiangyan and the design site. During their investigations, the students discovered both its economic Sustainable Urban Dynamics

importance for China as well as its unique culture and history. In their research process,

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the students discovered Dujiangyan was one of the most promoted tourist destinations in China, had a vibrant and growing tourism industry, and was rapidly changing through investments in infrastructure such as high speed rail .

LAND USE

PRECIPITATION

FLOOD RISK

GDP PER PROVINCE

EARTHQUAKES AND LANDSLIDES

SOIL CONTAMINATION

HIGHWAY ROAD SYSTEM

SUDes 2017

RAILWAY SYSTEM

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Introduction

The City Of Dujiangyan Located in the in southwestern China in the Minjiang river basin, the Sichuan province is a municipality home to 81 milion residents of which 14.3 milion residents live in the urban area of the city of Chengdu. In the close proximity to the capital city, there is a city of Dujiangyan, situated in the beautiful landscape of Sichuan province. The city of Dujiangyan is home to more than 650 000 people but with the close proximity to the province’s capital city Chengdu, the city of Dujiangyan will be undergoing a process of urban growth and rapid development in the future. With the efficient high-speed train connection and new investments pointed towards the surrounding cities, these trends are predicted to continue in the forthcoming future.

Keeping this in mind, students as future urban designers were expected to deliver the urban visions that show how the city’s challenges and planned infrastructural changes can be turned into a new opportunity for the future sustainable and resilient development

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

and to imagine how the site can be developed in the future.

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CHINA’S CULTURE IN BUILT STRUCTURE

WATER SYSTEM

INFRASTRUCTURE

SUDes 2017

BUILT STRUCTURE

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Introduction

Design Site The Design Site The triangular-shaped design site is located in the central area of the city of Dujiangyan.

The approximately 45 hectares site is located in the centre of Dujiangyan close to the old city center and is framed by the Puyanghe river in the north, by the Baitiao river to the south and by the 1st ringroad to the east. It is in walking distance from the high-speed train station in the west at the opposite river bank from the site.

Due to its location, the municipality of Dujiangyan has an ambitious plan to develop the design site into a sub-CBD district in a close future. The existing urban structure is already being removed, making space for traffic-dominated street network, generic highrise development and enormous public spaces with no connection to the Chinese traditions.

The implementation of such aggressive developments often require unsensitive relocation of the existing residents into the new structures which leads to the loss of connection to the land, loss of community sense and segregation.

The Urban Village The existing urban fabric on the site has a very contrasting mix of formal residential blocks and very dense informal housing, the so-called “urban villages” or “village-in-the-city” (Chengzhongcun). As a common part of the Chinese urban landscape, they are considered the only affordable and adequate solution available to the urban poor in the cities based on labour-intensive sectors, such as Chengdu: low-cost living makes it possible to keep the wages of employees of industrial and services sectors low, and therefore benefits the global competitiveness of the city. With the relocation of industries and services from Beijing to the west (“Go West” policy), the number of urban poor is set to increase in Chengdu (and Dujiangyan due to the high-speed train connection) as well as the demand for cheap housing. Since the government does not provide social housing, the role of urban villages in providing the affordable housing within the market is crucial. The students had to envision how these trends can be sensitively tackled in their semestral projects and turned into a positive challenge when designing the site. Keeping in mind the ongoing urbanization and migration of population towards the provinces’ capital cities and cities

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

linked the capital cities, they had to holistically address these issues in their projects and

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sharpen the arguments for their design decisions.

SUDes 2017

PHOTOS OF THE SITE

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Workshop

Study Trip and Collaborative Workshop The Study Trip After the first two parts of the course in Lund, the third part of the course began with a two-week study trip to China that included a series of study tours, site visits, and a design workshop in Chengdu to help move forwards the student’s design process.

Utilizing the information collected in Lund, the students investigated their study site and its relationship to the planned urban growth of Dujiangyan. Study tours in Dujiangyan and Chengdu gave the students precious insight into the urban design conversations currently surrounding the site and overall urban planning challenges in the Sichuan Province and China as a whole.

The study tours and site visits were used as a valuable input for a four-day collaborative workshop with more than thirty Chinese architecture and landscape architecture students from two well-establisthed universities of China. The workshop resulted in ten group proposals for the student’s design site that showcased a variety of sustainable strategies for the future urban development of Dujiangyan that challenged the proposed plans by the municipality and offered an informed alternative for the development of the site and the city of Dujiangyan.

The Collaborative Workshop The four-day collaborative workshop took place at the School of Architecture and Design at the Xipu Campus of Southwest Jiaotong University in Chengdu. The workshop was done in ten teams of seven to eight students that were comprised of a mix of students from Lund University, Southwest Jiaotong University and Beijing Jiaotong University.

The workshop was concieved as a competition with each group given the opportunity to present their strategic vision for the future of the site on four A1 posters to an international jury of experts. During the workshop, the students were encouraged to think broad and be visionary as the workshops intent was to open up new ways of seeing and working with

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

the complex issues presented by the site and the city of Dujiangyan.

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The students spent one of the four days discovering the site from which each group presented an analysis as a starting point. Given the short time, the students worked tirelessly to express and visualize their vision through strategic diagrams, plans and section drawings, collages, and 3D representations. The three winning proposals are presented on the following pages.

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SUDes 2017

Workshop

回归 - Rewind And Remodel

Maria Rodriguez, Malin Markkanen, Tamara Varlamova, Zhang Rujie, Viktor Brandt Johnson, Sun Tongliang

SITE PLAN

“We are seeking to find a balance and connections between the blue, the green

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

and the build structure.”

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Facing the need for housing and the specific problems of our site, we decided to look back in time and find motivation in traditional urban settlements of the region. For this reason, our concept is based on the idea of Hui Gui, this life style takes the Chinese family structure of “Linpan” as an inspiration.

The concept is based on the balance between the nature environment and the man-made environment, which coexistence is considered fundamental for every township. The house, the tree and the water are the pillars of this idea, and we are bringing them back to rewind and remodel them as a solution for the current situation of Dujiangyan and its rapid urbanization.

Therefore, in this proposal we are seeking to find a balance and connections between the blue, the green and the build structure with the aim of preserve the community spirit regardless of the densification that the site will witness in the years to come.

PERSPECTIVE COLLAGE

SECTIONS

SUDes 2017

GEOGRAPHICAL CONTEXT

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Workshop

Memories Converge | 忆.汇

Priscila Portugal Jorge, Viktor Wallström, Ana-Maria Negru, Lydia Koedoot, Tan Ling, He Jing, Chen Lu Song, Li Zhi Yuan

SITE PLAN

“Three axes that meet at the project site - connecting the

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

site with its context.”

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WATER AXIS Besides the rivers that bound our project site another water axis will cut through the area. This will help the area to deal with stormwater and will visually connect the northern and southern part of the project site which is currently seperated by the main road.

MEMORY LANE The site has a interesting history influenced by events that left their traces. In the development of this area we aim to perserve some of these traces that history has left. The memory lane is a circle that will pass our project site and will represent the historic organic urban structure.

GREEN AXIS The large green area in the west will be extended into the city. Relative large areas will be connected together forming a green infrastructure.

The park at the northern border of our project site is part of this main structure. It will be connected to the greenery at the other side of the river by an eco-bridge.

PHASING The development of the project site will progress in phases. The area is divided in five sub-areas according to their condition. Phase 1 is in the worst condition and will therefore be developed first. The timespan between the stages is approximately 10 years.

GREEN LINK COLLAGE

BIRD-EYE VIEW

SUDes 2017

MEMORY LANE COLLAGE

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Workshop

Fluent City

Yaroslava Korchagina, Oskar Nygren, Sofie Norin, Jiang Juntao, Lu Junjiang, Gou Weiwei, Duan Siyu

PERSPECTIVE COLLAGE

“Water is used to shape the future urban form as in the

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history.�

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The Dujiangyan irrigation system has made agriculture and smart transportation possible in the Chengdu plain for more than 2000 years. In developing the historical city of Dujiangyan, water is used to shape the future urban form.

The Dujiangyan created a rich agrarian region by diverging the water resource into the inne river and creating a more resilient water supply for the Chengdu plain. Today we divert the water into the urban form to create life qualities for the urban population. With this new, urban inner river we aim to create a more complex urban fabric and an open community that enables cultural diversity and richness.

The idea is utopian. But cities are not utopias. Cities are layers of ambitions of utopia that merges into something more, something we cannot design.

Therefore, we have had the ambition of integrating the second, urban, inner river with the existing urban form, to have a foundation that can set the stage for the future.

BIRD-EYE VIEW

RAINWATER COLLECTION IN THE PARK

SUDes 2017

DESIGN CONCEPT

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PHOTO: CYRIL PAVLU

Challenging Tomorrow

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SUDes 2017

Projects

Upon the completion of the workshop and returning to Sweden from China, the students were given 7 weeks to develop their individual design projects. Aided and guided by the tutorials and input from guests, the students were asked to develop a vision for future development through research, writing, and a series of design drawings that could together inspire the city of Dujiangyan towards a more sustainable tomorrow.

The following pages are a summary of the students projects presented on December 5th and 6th 2017 at the School of Architecture at Lund University. Through editing, we have selected a set of images and drawing that we feel best represents each student’s work. As a complement, each student has composed a written project description to give further insight into their work and design process and also made two physical models of the chosen part sof the design site in scale 1:1 000 and 1:200 to support the project vision.

It is our hope that all of the students hard work and energy can inspire you as much as it

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

has inspired us throughout the semester.

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IMAGE: CLAUDIA GARCIA DEL VAL

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SUDes 2017

Projects

(Re)connecting Dujiangyan Anna-Maria Negru, Romania

THE BIRD-EYE VIEW

““My project tries to create a sustainable future for Dujiangyan by working with the green, the blue and the social

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aspects of the area.”

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The project is placed in the city of Dujiangyan, China, that is renown for its old irrigation system and beautiful landscapes.

The site is located in the near proximity of the new high speed train station, as well as, the old city centre, but it is like an island due to its poor connections to the surroundings. The present uses on site are composed of a majority of gated communities, commercial ground floors along the main roads and the northern promenade has an active ground floor activity with tea houses and restaurants.

My design process started by identifying the features that I want to preserve and enhance and these were: the existing canal, the wasteland that could be converted into a park and extend so as to ensure a connection in the green structure of the city and the sequence of public spaces in the old fabric that is first to be demolished. Upon these three axis I placed a grid structure that changed

according to the existing street network.

After working with the grid as to create an efficient street network, I adjusted the blocks to the three axis and then created variety along the street by working with the alignment of the buildings.

Going into detail, I created three typologies that can work along the three axis. The buildings by the water have pitched roofs that can help collect and direct the water into the canal. The ones by the green have green roofs or green facades in order to create the atmosfere of blending in the natural landscape of the park. And lastly, the ones by the community axis, which works as a shared space, are a mixture between the two in order to suport the community life at the street level.

The community path has the role of providing different typologies of spaces that allow unprogrammed activities to take place. In this way there is a customization and appropriation from the community of the space.

MASTER PLAN

DETAILED PLAN

BY THE COMMUNITY PATH

BY THE BLUE

SUDes 2017

BY THE GREEN

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From Post-Disaster Development to Urban Resilience

Asmaa Abdellahy, Egypt

MASTER PLAN

“In a region where the world’s most devastating earthquakes took place, our city is the place you escape to instead of running from, when

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

earthquakes strike.”

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China does have a long history of devastating natural phenomena, including earthquakes. the Magnitude 7.9 earthquake that struck Sichuan province in China in May 2008 was not a record-setter. However, the destruction was significant. In addition to that, since our site is located close to the huge mountains and in between two river lines, it has a high risk of flooding.

Therefore, working on urban resilience in order to be ready for this kind of disasters is significant for our site. The strategy is based on several things: Social Spatial coherence, Consider Specific urban profile and configuration of the place, Avoid focusing on individual aims, Integration of public private partnership. The strategy would be translated to a huge infrastructure interventions for the built areas and the urban life. Active use of underground spaces which are highly resistant to earthquakes, and use of the space above creates open spaces all around, vibration control systems creates high-rise buildings with high earthquake resistance and provide a very strong foundation with multi layers for

the high rise buildings which will play the role of Security Control Center for the whole area and the surrounding neighborhoods , build infrastructure tunnels for the sources as electricity and water etc. make it so much easier during maintenance after the earthquake strikes, bicycles became an extremely effective means of movement after the earthquake for emergency, to avoid overflowed of people and cars, so a bikes parking is provided to be used in an event and for tourists in the normal times, Improving overall area disaster readiness capabilities through collaboration with government organizations, residents, neighborhoods, and other parties by making events and trainings for residents, providing an underground wetland and water network all over the site would help it in the events of flooding, and finally getting back to the ancient Chinese culture such as the forbidden city, the same system will be used for the low rise residential buildings as the 2,500-year-old bracket that protects China’s Forbidden City against earthquakes.

DETAILED PLAN

VISUALISATION OF WETLAND PARK

MAIN STREETS NETWORK

WATER-MANAGEMENT NETWORK

SECONDARY STREETS NETWORK

SUDes 2017

MAIN PEDESTRIAN NETWORK

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A Chinese Contemporary City Piece Axel LĂśnnqvist, Sweden

MASTER PLAN

“The site plays an important role as it is located next to the train station.�

The site plays an important role as it is located next to the train station. The closeness means that the site becomes a natural meeting point for both locals and visitors

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

After the Wenchuan earthquake in 2008 new green areas has occurred since a lot of buildings where demolished. This areas could be designated for storm water ponds that gather water from streets. And still this spots will remind us about what happened in 2008. A worthy and calm place that will work as a ground zero.

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This water will remain calm and will have a function as park and recreation.

The inhabitants needs more calm water elements since the stream of the irrigation system is very strong. And since there are two of these green areas next to the site, (one north and one site of the site), these areas could be connected in a green corridor that crosses the site.

There is already a lack of green areas in the within the site and with a green link within site, both locals and visitors could enjoy the qualities it is providing, which is an oasis in the urbanity.

VISUALIZATION OF THE PARK

BIRD’S EYE VIEW

SUDes 2017

LINK EXISTING GREEN AREAS

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Dujiangyan - All Inclusive Björn Englöv, Sweden

VIEW OF A COMMUNITY HYDROPONIC CENTER

“[...] it may be boiled down to the urban production of food,

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variety and identity.”

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My approach to the design site has been three-folded; it may be boiled down to urban production of food, variety and identity. These, of course, should not be treated separately at the site, but they should help to enforce each other.

Firstly; I propose an urban design program which aims to start a discussion about the dichotomy of the urban and rural, not only in the region, but in the whole country of China. Consequently, I propose testings of hydroponic farming, as a way of raising the status of the rural as well as to investigate how a future Chinese self sufficiency in food production can be tackled. This type of industrialised urban agriculture could furthermore function as a first step into the urban reality for the mass of rural migrants arriving into the cities everyday; thus creating a new urban identity.

This leads us to the issue of variation in Chinese urbanism, which is characterized by anonymous large scale operations and hefty zonings. I have been studying Chinese building typologies, in which I found inspiration in the various Chinese micro districts (Xiaquo). At the design site I propose a new type of micro district which consists of a mix of functions from housing to manufacturing. This naturally results in a variety of morphologies at the site, thus strengthening a variety in the urban landscape.

The micro district produces the sense of a “small world”, thus making ties in between the dwellers and workers of the district, which is helping to strengthen a sustainable urban identity. Each micro district houses a generous plot designated for community spaces at a bottom floor and hydroponic farming above.

GSEducationalVersion

MASTER PLAN

VISUALISATION OF THE INNER STREAM WALK

Fun ct

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Private courtyards

today

Parking

Retail

Office

Community terrace

Fun ct

GSEducationalVersion

Community space

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Private courtyards

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Hydroponic farming

Public green space at the entrance Office

Retail

Commercial space GSEducationalVersion

HOW HYDROPONICS COULD BE INTRODUCED, FROM LEFT TO RIGHT: COMMUNITY HYDROPONICS, INSIDE PODIUMS, RETROFIT PRESERVED FABRIC

SUDes 2017

Hydroponics

37

Take Place

Charlotte Piggott, Sweden

MASTER PLAN

“My main idea is to connect Dujiangyan both physically and mentally, through the

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

introduction of a park.�

38

Living in a modern highrise is something that many Chinese strive for. But the truth seems to be that when many get to finally move into this building they miss the fact that they don’t know who their neighbours are. To live in tight-knit communities seems to be something that is rooted deep in the Chinese way of living. These communities were something that I noticed existed walking around the site today, and a quality I want to bring forward in the future plans.

One thing that I have been looking into is public and private places in China, the importance of them and how they are used. In my proposal I look at the area at five levels and what kind of activities that can take place at these levels. I start from the smallest unit, the courtyard, where neighbours share everyday activities in a private space. At the largest scale I look at the whole area which includes a park which could be a potential destination for people from

all over Dujiangyan to visit and a place where public activities can happen.

I found that Dujiangyan today is lacking in green areas, and those that exist today are fenced off for future development. Having access to a park or gym is far from a given living in China, which is something I want to push on in my design area. The future plans for Dujiangyan are that they want to promote themselves as one of Chinas main health tourism cities, and I believe this should start with the citizens and the possibility for them to have access to recreation and exercise. It is important that the activities are public and free for everyone so all people can take part.

PERSPECTIVE OF THE PARK

THE COURTYARD

THE COMMUNITY

THE DISTRICT

THE NEIGHBORHOOD

THE AREA

DETAILED PLAN

SUDes 2017

THE AREA IN FIVE LEVELS

39

“By Detours, Access To The Secrets”

(proverb for the chinese garden)

Effrosyni Stamopoulou, Greece

MASTER PLAN

“Dujiangyan has a long tradition in celebrating the water and in this project, the future lies again in water management, but in a more small scale,

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

interactive way.”

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Dujiangyan is a city near Chengdu, on the edge of the Himalayan mountains. It is home of numerous preserved religious sites and the oldest and only surviving irrigation system in the world. The site is located in the zone between the historical center and the new development in the suburbs and should reflect this transition from the past to the future. Dijiangyan has a long tradition in celebrating the water and in this project, the future lies again in water management, but in a more small scale, interactive way. In this case it is not the pollution that has to be dealt with, rather the overconsumption and climate adaptation to prevent flooding.

In particular, the northern and southern part of the park used to flood eight years ago and the measures taken to solve the problem hasn’t prove to be very efficient.

By suggesting new ways of intergrating water qualities and water management science in the new urban development, the aim is to promote education, research and a new way of living for both residents, workers and visitors.

These new ways are an intergrated stormwater management system in the urban fabric and a park designed for heavier storms and cloudbursts. The first collects water from roofs and permeable surfaces on streets, as well as domestic grey water, recycles it for reusage or discharge it in the river. The second is used also to collect stormwater but can support climate adaptation and deal with the prevention of flooding, also allowing for a habitat to grow over and support a more sustainable way of living. All water is purified before discharge to rivers or domestic use.

Using these techniques, ecological sustainability can be achieved, as well as a whole educational and research system can be based on the development, promoting the water management science by interacting and living with it, celebrate the qualities that it brings out in the shared space, not only as something to marvel at, but as something one can touch and use in their everyday life.

DETAILED PLAN

SITE MODEL

CLIMATE ADAPTATION DIAGRAMS

VISUALIZATION

SUDes 2017

SECTION WITH WATER MANAGEMENT

41

My Dujiangyan Efthymios Kapsalis, Greece

DETAILED PLAN

“Human-oriented & multi-

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

functional urban design.�

42

The whole project is based on a social sustainability concept, in terms of socially activating the place and especially by the riverfronts. To begin with, the eastern part of the site is being considered a gateway, because of its close proximity to train station, Old City centre and ancient temples, thus it will develop as a site-magnet in this project. One can find there a touristic centre, hotels/hostels, art activities, regional gastronomy spots and a commercial street which aims to create a hybrid unit of old Chinese shopping streets and contemporary activities, such as street art and small-scale expositions.

A linear wetland, which physically connects the two riverfronts follows; this park would treat efficiently with the stormwater as well, while in dry periods it could offer a vibrant green public space for both residents and visitors, especially due to its regional feeling and spirit which will be created after the use of local tree species (ginkgo) and small-scale pagodas as rain/ shadow shelters or spots for socializing.

As one moves from the park to the rest

of the site, they will meet the grid street pattern; this traditional technique has been widely used in Chinese cities in the past, but comes back on new urbanization projects in Chengdu and Dujiangyan.

Then, in those parcels created, a network of semi-public and public spaces expands all over the eastern part; from south to north.

In conjunction with this, open courtyards and commercial ground levels uses activate the place. In terms of hierarchy, streets are divided to arteries, collectors and local ones; the latter would be a shared type for cars/bikes/pedestrians with extra space for bioswales.

Last but not least, residential communities will be built in the western part. A combination of high residential densities and lower-rise commercial buildings will form a typical block in that occasion; as a result users will vary in street but enclosed courtyards will save some private space for the locals. Moreover, a school, an aquatic centre and urban farms, will create some extra social space at that part of our site.

MASTER PLAN

VISUALIZATION OF THE SICHUAN RAINWATER PARK

SUDes 2017

PRIVATE BLOCK ELEVATION

43

Improve Air Quality With Urban Design Fanny Sundberg, Sweden

MASTER PLAN

“I explored the possibilities to improve the air quality in local scale, affecting the larger scale with structures that can be

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

continued.”

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The air pollution question is a widespread threat in China, mainly in the large cities. The hazardous levels affect people’s everyday life and cause premature deaths of the population.

People with the possibilities flees from the cities to places with clean air in the weekends and vacation, a phenomenon called smog refugees.

The increase in air pollution is threatening expanding cities in China and the aim for my project is to investigate how urban design can be used to improve air quality. Even though the easiest way to improve air quality would be to reduce the pollutants from the sources, the serious impacts on human health address the importance of a holistic approach for improving the urban air quality. And therefore, use urban design as a tool for working with these questions.

The situation in Dujiangyan is relatively good in comparison with other larger cities in China. For this project, I predict that the air quality will be worsened in Dujiangyan and the site because the predicted growth and increase in car dependency. So, the aim was to investigate how I can work with air in varied ways by urban design to improve air quality, work with how people can live with less emissions and create places with pleasant microclimate for the inhabitants in Dujiangyans convenience.

FEEL AND HEAR THE WIND, AND SHELTER FROM IT

THE PREVAILING WIND DIRECTION WITH FRESH WINDS INSPIRED THE LAYOUT OF THE GRID + SEQUENSES OF SHELTERED SPACES

BIRD-EYE VIEW

SUDes 2017

BUILDING TYPOLOGIES THAT CAN INCREASE THE WIND VELOCITY

45

Symbiosis - Urban And Rural Heena Srinivasan, India

MASTER PLAN

“A self-sufficient food producing neighbourhood that respects the nature and

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

heritage around it!�

46

The Mass migration of rural population into urban environments has seen a staggering rise. These migrants have poor living conditions and no social benefits. Converting the mass of unskilled migrant workers into skilled farmers by extending agriculture into the urban realm it breaks the segregation creating a mutual respect between the city dwellers and migrants and reintroduces informal public spaces from traditional Chinese culture.

Dujiangyan cannot be fed just by community gardens, food production must compete with the global food manufacturing scale yet still localising farming. Inspired by the medieval concentric ring system of prioritising food sections we can grow for masses.

This process shifts the power from food processors to food producers.

The urban farming extends to the buildings and three types of housing is proposed to bring diversity in the

economic strata.

With affordable stackable modular housing with open public courtyards and Mid rise apartments with shared semi public courtyards and following that are bigger riverfront facing units having private courtyards. The riverfront has a healthy public life.

There are two networks of connections that run along the site, the road network and bike lane network that follows the green system along the site. This two options encourages the tourists and residents move while experiencing landscape that produces food while still acting like a park.

Respecting the heritage and the nature surrounding the site, the streets are oriented to face the mountains.

Dujiangyan is a clean healthy city that will soon become self sufficient in its food production.

FOOD PRODUCTION IN THE PUBLIC REALM

DETAILED PLAN

1. SQUARE AT THE CENTRE

2. URBAN FARMING IN COURTYARD

3. WATER EDGE OF THE SITE

SUDes 2017

ROOF GARDENS ON SITE

47

Sericulture: The White Thread Joseph Scotchman, Scotland

VISUALIZATION OF THE AGRICULTURE PARK

“Traditional skills and vernacular meet the

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

contemporary Chinese city.”

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Traditions are important in Chinese culture. Traditional foods/activities, historic sites and rare species have brought tourism, but traditional production/crafts have been left out.

Dujiangyan was an important branch on the Ancient Tea-Horse Road (South Silk Road) towards Tibet, India or SouthEast Asia as well as a destination for travellers. It connected north to the Ancient Silk Road between Beijing, Arabia and Europe. The importance of its position can be rediscovered.

In order to produce silk (sericulture), silkworms are raised to cocoon and harvested to produce up to 900m silk fibre each. Silkworms need to be fed white mulberry leaves. By-products – cocoons, cooked silkworm pupae, mulberries, leaves, bark, root, wood – are plentiful.

These two species can provide a range of industries (along the central productive spine) while connecting to traditional productive past. This will be a tourist draw while providing jobs for locals, and is different to (so not competing with) the

existing old city.

The majority of buildings cannot be kept since they are poor quality. Phasing starts in the north and south. Typologies mix height and scale within the block and provide layers of privacy through discoverable courtyards and elevated spaces. Vernacular detailing and materials can be considered.

The agricultural area is fertile so is retained and irrigated. Pond-dyke growth theory is used on the large northern area, with mulberry grown on dykes along pond edges. This avoids overuse of artificial fertilisers due to natural cycles that take place. These mix with other flora and fauna for biodiversity.

Water surrounds the site and is manipulated through it to frame and connect spaces. The existing canal is retained and exposed further to better integrate the urban fabric. Improved green connections activate the waterfronts and connect the east with the old city to the west.

MASTER PLAN

White Mulberry (Morus Alba)

Applicable to other varieties

Sericulture Cycle (Bombyx Mori)

VISUALIZATION OF THE ECONOMIC SPINE, STREET

SUDes 2017

SERICULTURE CYCLE

49

With The Flow

Klara Zugarova, Czech republic

DETAILED PLAN

““Linearity. Harmony and

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

coexistence. Taoism.”

50

Design criterias of the project are based on the site analysis and previous research focused on Chinese cityplanning traditions. The existing rivers define the site. Their flows together with an „urban flow“ (the main street) became natural inspiration of the project.

There is a wide variety in building and public space typology - the urban space is suitable for locals as well as new residents and visitors. The outdoor space is divided according to the level of privacy, which is an important element of Chinese culture.

The concept responds to linearity, harmony and coexistence fundamental principles of Chinese culture. The proposal aims to achieve better integration in the city context and connection of key places in the site.

The multi-green flow gives different experience over the time as there are various plants grown during seasons.

Visitors and pupils can learn about production while walking around or in the educational centre.

Instead of an neglected canal there are two new canals - green-blue flows leading through the site. The multi-green flow varies between a park, semi-public/ private agriculture fields and wetland. A well working main commercial street is kept in its pattern, surrounded by new buildings.

The area is full of activities - people can walk, relax, play games, do exercise or grow vegetable. There are shelters, tea houses, open theatres etc. The place is characteristic by numerous islands connected by bridges.

MASTER PLAN

VISUALIZATION OF THE BLUE AND GREEN FLOWS

SUDes 2017

SECTION WITH THE BLUE AND GREEN FLOWS

51

Paths Of Nature Maria Rodriguez, Mexico

PERSPECTIVE OF THE NORTH PROMENADE

“Continue shaping Dujiangyan with the water and nature.�

The city of Dujianyiang is going through a rapid urbanization and Chinas city development revolves around efficient production and novelty, while ignoring the nature and people in the cities. It is time to turn this around.

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

My vision talks about creating a dialog between the ancient and the modern Dujianyiang. Driven by this thought I am proposing to enhance the positive natural elements of the site to create a sustainable neighborhood that will fill the necessities of the Dujianyiang of this century.

52

Inspired by the double UNESCO heritage that the city has, the qualities that my proposal is focusing on are the water and greenery, making an emphasis of the relationship between them and the public space they create.

The design strategy talks about using the existing greenery and water, while creating a network with them and offering different kinds of atmospheres along the way. Rainwater management by creating wetlands is proposed on the north side of the site, as well as the reshaping of the topography so it could lead the water, this by using the soil that will be obtained from the digging of the canals.

The south part represents a more relaxed atmosphere and uses the canal already existing, but this time it will be accessible for the public.

BIRD-EYE VIEW

DETAILED PLAN

SUDes 2017

SECTION THROUGH THE PARK

53

Zero Emission City Mohammad Al Hamwi, Syria

MASTER PLAN

“This project aims to produce plus renewable energy from solar panels and hydrological power in order to reduce the

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

emission in the city.�

54

This project will focus on the ways of how to reach healthy clean environment by taking green approach in generating power and improve the microclimate in the city.

Starting from these points, the site will be a key and pilot project for reducing the contamination in the city, using the new water aqueducts inside of it, to filter the water, alongside bio swales, and green roof. In addition, it will protect the site from flooding in the future. As this site was flooded in 2013. Furthermore, a green built inside the site will be built to clean the air and improve the ventilation within the site.

Most of the buildings are south oriented facades to make the best of the sun and create the best solar radiation gaining inside the neighbourhood, which will also help to install solar panels on the rooftops. This panels will produce 300 kh per each m2 a year which will produce energy for 23 000 people, and with

quarter of energy is already produced from hydrological power, that will make the city a plus energy city. Moreover the typology and the opening within each block is studied and tested to not drop shadows on each other.

Within this typology, two main spaces are created, first one along the street, which will be busy commercial streets, and the other one is calm more green streets along the canals were residence and tourist can feel the ancient character of the place. Nevertheless, spaces for the car will be reduced to discourage the car used with installing efficient public transports.

The site will be quite dense functioning as mixed used are with firms residential and commercial activities with a lot of public spaces specially alongside the river with 2,4 floor area ratios hosting 32 000 citizens.

BIRD-EYE VIEW

VISUALIZATION OF THE CANAL STREET

SUDes 2017

PESPECTIVE SECTION

55

Before The Flood: Dujiangyan Parvaty Balagopal, India

VISUALIZATION OF THE CENTRAL PARK

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

“Finding that urban harmony.�

56

The city of Dujiangyan, is 1,208 square kilometer in area, most of the population stays in the urban region of Dujiangyan city. Due to the distinct divide and lack of good connectivity between the city and the surrounding landscape, the urban population is restricted within the city resulting in a high urban density putting a lot of pressure on the green infrastructure of the city.

The design strategy works with allowing the surrounding landscape to flow into the city and also connecting the city through sustainable means of transport.

It is also very important to contain the development of the region within a building zone to preserve the natural landscape and agricultural land around.

Providing better connections to these landscapes would allow the city to densify within a demarcated building zone and also enjoy natural green spaces.

The design evolves around a central park that acts as the catchment area for the site incase of floods.

It focuses on a scenario where a neighbourhood can move away from car dependency. It also focuses on the use of a more functional green network running within the neighbourhood.

BIRD-EYE VIEW

VISUALIZATION OF THE WATER FRONT

SUDes 2017

STREET SECTION

57

Interactions With Water Priscila Portugal Jorge, Brazil

INTERACTION CLOSE TO THE CANAL

“Interactions with water is the best way to be close nature in

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

the city.�

58

The proposal consists of creating more interaction with water since Dujiangyan has an old famous irrigation system in the world and the city has a lot elements with water in the parks, close to the temples and in the streets. In the site, the water is more considered a natural element than something part of the landscape or people can interact with it..

Thus, in the project the interactions can be found: inside the courtyard( collect rainwater), close to the canal where most commercial activities happen, a promenade next to the river to integrate it to the site and in the public spaces, where Chinese like to practice exercises and socialize.

In the courtyard, the water will be integrated as being part of the landscape to collect the rainwater. The canal will be more activated with some commercial functions and a place to socialize to rescue the old tradition of the canals.

The promenade is a way to integrate the river to the site and also an opportunity to practice gym outdoor. The parks are very important because Chinese like to practice exercises, dance outdoor.

INTERACTION IN THE PUBLIC SPACE

INTERACTION INSIDE COURTYARD

SUDes 2017

INTERACTION WITH THE RIVER

59

By Bike, By The River Sofie Norin, Sweden

“BY BIKE, BY THE RIVER”

“The added super bike path along the rivers will connect the city inside and out.”

In China, as in all the countries in our globalized world, a key question for the future will be the adaptation to a more sustainable transportation system.

Dujiangyan city has good preconditions of moving away from their car orientation and instead becoming a city for biking.

Airplanes, coal driven trains and an extreme increase in the number of cars has led to emissions, pollution and traffic jams.

The irrigation system has provided the city and the region with water and prosperity for more than 2000 years. A fast and safe bike network can be added along this system, and provide both the city and the surrounding landscape with sustainable connections.

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

China is now investing in large infrastructure projects and aims for a nationwide high-speed train network.

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The country is formerly known as the “Bicycle Kingdom” and biking was for several decades the most common way to get to work. In the past year, new Chinese bike-sharing systems has exploded in the bigger cities, and many of the younger people can see the benefits of using the bike instead of the car.

These super bike paths will be easy to access, and are used for shaping high quality public spaces along the river.

The bike will be visible and prioritized in the streetscape and combined with other sustainable elements.

MASTER PLAN

DETAILED PLAN

SUDes 2017

SECTION

61

Finding Balance: Nature, City, People Sonjaly Juraszek, Brazil

VIEW TO THE COMMUNITY’S PRODUCTIVE LAND

“Let’s embrace and enhance chinese culture through public

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

street life.”

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In this project, my main inspiration was the Chinese culture. Before going to China, I was inspired by the Shan shui idea and the theory of balance in a city, concepts from contemporary Chinese architects.

Shan shui translates to Mountains and Water, and it is a style of painting from the 5th century. Architects came up with the concept of a Shan Shui city, in which there is a balance between nature, city and people.

When visiting the site, the street life was my main inspiration. The usage of the public spaces and streets for different activities, and the use of any available land for agriculture were inspiring qualities.

They show the flexibility of the urban space in China, in terms of public space activity, productivity and form.

Connecting these inspirations to the site, the vision is to use the street life and the public spaces as the drivers for making the area more attractive. Create balance and integration between built environment, natural elements and human activity.

The existing natural elements on the site and around it – greenery and water bodies - served as guidelines to create a network of connected public spaces, allowing for the flexibility and variety of activities seen in China. The aim was to embrace the local’s lifestyle, bringing more space into the site for their activities.

The existing canal that passes through the site was enhanced as a connecting element within this public space network. The flexibility aimed on these networks was not only in terms of activity but also in physical terms – allowing storm water management.

The public space is not only aimed on a horizontal level but also on the vertical one. Around the main canal, the height of the buildings are lower and the upper floor acts as a vertical public space, a living room opened to the exterior.

MASTER PLAN

VIEW OF THE ENHANCED CANAL AND THE PUBLIC SPACES AROUND IT

SUDes 2017

SECTION THROUGH THE CANAL AND PUBLIC SPACE

63

Small Business, Lively Streets Viktor Brandt Johnson, Sweden

BIRD’S EYE VIEW

“Streets that create a local

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

economy and community.�

64

China has had a remarkable economic growth and urbanisation the last decades. This is in many ways controlled by top down planning and policies. There are however exceptions to this, such as retail stores and restaurants, that almost always are privately owned and operated in a small scale. In the fast-growing city of Dujiangyan these kiosks, market stands and stores are very present in the streetscape and give it a local identity.

The small business provides meeting places, a grassroots economy and can sell locally produced food and crafts. By using it as a driving force at the design site it can get lively streets and a local community. By densifying the area there will be a bigger customer base and two new pedestrian streets are therefore created for new small businesses. These streets include a lot of features such as outdoor gyms, pocket parks, playgrounds and further connect the site to other commercial routes in all directions.

There are big economical differences in China today, but by making an area with different housing opportunities, a local economy and attractive public and private realm, spatial segregation can be avoided and a diverse, vibrant city part is created.

MASTER PLAN

PEDESTRIAN STREET VISUALIZATION

SUDes 2017

STREET SECTIONS

65

Dualities 双重性 Viktor Wallström, Sweden

DETAILED PLAN

“Expand on the duality between the old and new and have them enrich one another.”

This proposal utilise three main elements of spatial qualities found on site, the first of which are the wide streets in the area, which are kept and expanded upon for earthquake resilience, while allowing for taller buildings along these large streets.

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

A green connection running though the site consitutes the second element, utilising semi-inaccessible green areas which was created after the 2008 earthquake and turning them into a new park. The topography in these areas originates from the old buildings on site before the earthquake and will be kept as a memory of what once was.

66

The third element consists of a currently unused drainage canal which traverse the site, and how this can become a path through the area. Here, a clear typological rule is applied: old buildings in touch with the water will be saved and restored.

This is to tie the new design into Dujiangyan’s rich history of working with the water, and using the fact that buildings along the water are to a greater degree adapted to that specific surrounding and therefore should be saved. These elements and accompanying typologies produce a duality between the old and the new, letting the two interplay and enrich one another.

PERSPECTIVE FROM THE CANAL

BIRD’S EYE VIEW

SUDes 2017

SECTION

67

Resilient Dujiangyan Lydia Koedoot, The Netherlands

MASTER PLAN

“Towards sustainability and resiliency in the built environment.”

Dujiangyan´s geographical location makes the city prone to natural disasters such as earthquakes, landslides, and flooding. Since the risks are expected to increase in the future, it is of extreme importance to make the city resilient for future disasters.

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

The recovery process after the Sichuan earthquake in 2008 has been successful in many aspects, but it lacks relation to the local context due the massive and generic reconstruction led by the government. Resiliency will contribute to the sustainability of the city by implementing measurements that can mitigate future threats.

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My proposal for a resilient Dujiangyan introduces a grid that divides the project site into fire safety zones and improves the emergency and evacuation flows. The water issue is solved by an underground water infrastructure grid that runs through the courtyards and mitigates the effect of extreme water

excess. This system has a multiple function for irrigation water of the courtyards and fire water.

The buildings are built according to the open building principal developed by the Dutch architect John Habraken.

Habraken who distinguishes ‘structure’ and ‘infill’. The structure being a load bearing, resistant and permanent skeleton. The infill are units that are variable and adaptable over time to meet the demands of the users. This results in a stable resilient construction with a dynamic facade. The public space consists of different layers ranging from the very public street to the intimite semi-public courtyards, each which their own atmosphere and activities.

In conclusion, this proposal applies technical measurements for resiliency by introducing a new structure, which can host the existing quality of life and activities on different scales.

DETAILED PLAN - RIVERFRONT

DETAILED PLAN - STREET

VISUALISATION OF THE RIVERFRONT

VISUALISATION OF THE STREET

SUDes 2017

SECTION OF THE BUILDING BLOCK

69

Lively Dujiangyan Martyna Drapisz, Poland

BIRD-EYE VIEW OF THE DESIGN SITE

“Vibrant city center for locals to

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

be proud of!”

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Dujiangyan is a city that has been growing fast both in population and boundaries of the city over past years.

Being a city with great historic sites their vision is to promote themselves as a touristic, healthy and eco-friendly city.

In this proposal this vision is supported with recognition of the positive and negative effects of tourism.

As Duijangyan became a ‚one day’ city, people would rather go back after seeing main attractions for a night in Chengdu instead of staying. The city still lacks many layers of what makes a city a touristic city. In city plans there are already projects creating holiday markers and sport facilities.

What needs to be provided still are cultural industries, more accommodation options, better public transportation and night life opportunities.

This project creates a set of attractors distributed along the loop going back between main high speed train station and the Old Town.

The idea is to create a denser area with high quality public spaces connected to attractors. All for a vibrant center of a big city that Dujiangyan will grow to be in the future.

Attractors: Museum Community center Local art galleries Theatre Restaurants and pubs

MASTER PLAN

PERSPECTIVE VIEWS

SECTION OF THE CANAL STREET

SUDes 2017

LOOP DIAGRAM

71

Pockets Of Light

Mikaela Wigström, Norway/Sweden

MASTER PLAN

“Culture inspires new public

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

spaces.”

72

The initial inspiration of my project has been based on cultural buildings.

Through my initial analysis I saw that there is a lack of cultural buildings where people can meet. After the visit to Dujiangyan, I became interested in the different levels of sound that the water produces. I want the cultural typologies to be organized in terms of how much sound they themselves produce, and how much they can tolerate. This aided me in a regulated decision making for the cultural buildings.

I have focused my design strategy on the idea of an East to West permeability of pedestrians. Having analysed the routes that car traffic can take versus the pedestrian flow I concluded that there is quite an imbalance. A route that is not evident on the site for vehicles was from the North to the South. The axis of North to South is not so simple to pass directly through as I have stepped the road. This has lead to two potential areas that could host the buildings with clear

sightline. They become the indicators and character of the site.

Another aspect which has been important is the “Green Spine”. This links the existing temple mountain through the site and further out to another green space. The idea is that this spine will serve as a future connection to the areas that will be developed over time.

Implementing this design idea will encourage future developers to maintain the green spine and keep the green as recreational areas.

As the project has been focused on the water, I designed the waterfront buildings to be alternating. This allows for more or less public space along the water. I wanted to indicate the role of the building given how it was situated. The three contrasting waterfronts have been treated differently as they host different activities.

VISUALIZATION

BIRD-EYE VIEW

SUDes 2017

SITE STRATEGY DIAGRAMS

73

Old China - Setting A Stage For The Future Oskar Nygren, Sweden

MASTER PLAN

“The large scale, programmed structures of the 21st century will then be standing as lonely monuments in this new urban landscape - reminding us of a time of mediocrity and housing our emotionless tools and

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

machines.”

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Chinese cities have had a short and very disruptive transformation from their pre-industrial form into their industrial form. In my design, I see a need to moderate this disruptive force to have a more dynamic stage for the future.

I believe that the chaos of industrialism is soon to be over and that the landscape of our planet will start to consolidate into a sustainable post-industrial form.

However, I don’t believe this world can be designed by an arbitrator but that it is in our nature to self-organize through stigmergy and reach consensus.

Therefore, as many agents as possible should act directly on the urban fabric for it to be as true as possible.

In my vision for Dujiangyan I am inspired by pre-industrial urban environments because I believe their urban form to be the most intricate and true.

There are remains of “Old China” at the

site, but today they are neglected due to government policies and act as an appendix in the urban form. I aim to reconnect these remains with the rest of the urban fabric to create a more cohere and dynamic urban form that sets the stage for the future. Large interventions are made, but only to restore damage done by previous large interventions.

10 buildings stand on public space in my vision and would have to be altered with or torn down if my vision was to be carried out. Semi-public space within large blocks is transformed into either public space or private space - especially dedicated for schools if necessary.

Wide streets are narrowed to create a more intricate network without having a disproportionately high amount of public space.

A set of guidelines is made to give a common understanding in building the original spatial consensus. A DApp for city building will arrive soon.

DETAILED PLAN

PROPOSED GUIDELINES TO INCREASE URBANITY - A SHARED AIM TO BUILD CONSENSUS AROUND

ALLEY AT SITE - VISION FOR THE FUTURE ALLEY AT SITE - VISION FOR THE FUTURE

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SECTION - NEW STRUCTURES AND A NARROW STREET ADDED IN A WASTELAND

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Green Network Shadi Alwan, Yemen

PERSPECTIVE

“Green and sustainable city a place where everyone wishes to live!�

The project is located in a Sichuan province which is known for the old irrigation system and pandas and old traditional tea houses, in my design I concentrated on how to make people gather, share and express freedom.

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The design will serve as a collective vision for the city to revitalize communities by creating an interconnected system of greenspaces throughout the city.

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The Concept study is aimed at solving both ecological and social problems, specifically at the need of protection of natural landscape and the social need of recreation in a close surrounding of places where people live. The project is to define an urban green network in terms of space and to plan how it should function to promote cohesion and interconnectivity between the diverse components: the built environment and unbuilt green zones.

Site vision. Abandoned buildings and vacant properties plague in the site, making communities less safe, hurting property values and spoiling the quality of life. With the Green Network, the site is creating a bold vision for reimagining these vacant and abandoned properties and transforming them into community assets.

In the site area there will be several green zones which contain attraction activities such as tea houses buildings wall of freedom and areas to plant and grow, this green squares will be connected through green hubs, it will cantered tow neighbourhoods or more.

PERSPECTIVE

BIRD EYE VIEW

SUDes 2017

SECTIONS

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Linpan Revisioned Tamara Varlamova, Russia

DETAILED PLAN

“A journey back in search for a new urban typology.�

In my project I’m addressing the issue of rapid urban population growth in China.

Having moved into the cities, rural migrants are challenged by the lack of accommodation, financial difficulties and social barriers.

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To create a more familiar environment for them, I studied Linpan, the local type of rural settlement, oriented towards the water flow. The courtyards in Linpan are shared by several households.

The in-between spaces are used for craftsmanship, whereas surrounding fields - for growing crops.

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I tried to use parts of the site with different characters to test new urban typologies based on Linpan qualities.

For example, in the south the low-rise blocks are shaped by family units of various heights. Green terraces make an addition to the farming facilities on the ground. I believe, rural spirit can be achieved there and adapted later to the urban lifestyle.

The north area is busier and denser.

Higher blocks have horizontal connections on the upper levels and the greenery is vertical.

Both new and old build structures are permeable and the numerous openings allow for linking the masterplan on street level. So does the public greenery, that also attracts people from other parts of the city.

MASTER PLAN

VISUALIZATION

SUDes 2017

SECTION THROUGH THE “LINPAN” AREA

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The Turning Point Yaroslava Korchagina, Russia

MASTER PLAN

“Let’s make Dujiangyan great

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again!”

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In the history of the world, China might be considered as a leader of rapid economic development. However, despite of the increasing wealth and improving living conditions of the country’s population, the rapid growth has also brought numerous challenges such as the high level of social inequality, rapid rate of urbanization, and constantly deteriorating environmental conditions. There is a huge lack of concern in the Chinese contemporary way of city planning in regards to the challenges the country is facing. It is obvious, that in terms of urban design, China has reached “The turning point”, on which the changes should be made in the overall approach, in order to achieve more inclusive, environmentally-friendly and effective development of cities.

Today, the City of Dujiangyan plays an important role in formation of Sichuan province as a popular tourist destination. Despite of China’s rapid economic growth, Dujiangyan remained relatively untouched by the common wave of urbanization, and all the problems major Chinese cities are facing. In the design project, the idea of making the city sustainable and, at the same time, attractive for both local residents and visitors, shapes the main strategy, in which the project cite is connected to the rest of the city by the improved network of public transportation, the housing demand is met by means of creating dense residential neighborhoods, and the newly created mixed use environment will offer a variety of activities and functions

VISUALIZATION

FUNCTIONAL DIAGRAMS

SUDes 2017

SECTION OF THE EAST NEIGHBORHOOD

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Riverside

Ana Riau Warleta, Spain

MASTER PLAN

“Riverside is born from the need of the local people to have a public space to carry out the activities that they like to do in outdoor places, taking advantage of the oportunities

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of the water at the same time.”

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The project can be supported by 4 arguments or main ideas: 1. Location. Dujiangyan has an impotant heritage and a very attractive touristic area, designed with the traditional old buildings and temples. But in spite of the old town, the rest of the city is not very attrative, and although it has many opportunities, the urban planing is short of public spaces for the people who live there.

2. Population. Although Chengdu is one of the more densified provinces in China, it is estimated that in the coming years more people is going to live there, and that´s why one of the goals of the project is to create spaces that can allow this people in the future.

3. Water and pollution. One of the biggest problem in China is pollution. The Irrigation System of Dujiangyan is not only important because of its heritage, but also because is in charge of the

administration of the water in most part of the province. So it´s important to take care of the river in Dujiangyan.

4. Culture and Activities. Chinese culture is one of the richest and more characteristic in the world, starting with its food (hot pot, dumplings, noodles), its traditions (tea houses, theatres), its traditional products (handmade products, crafts) and the activities that the local people like to do (playing games, go fot a walk, dancing, thai-chi, etc). Chinese people love the outdoor activities, but even so the do not have an appropiate place to do it.

Having said that, the proposed project is a set of public spaces with green areas, water squares, and much more spaces for the people of Dujiangyan to do their outdoor activities. This project are not only in the site, but in the whole city, in such a way that the city can be understood as a net of public spaces following the course of the river.

BIRD-EYE VIEW OF THE PROJECT

VISUALISATION OF THE RIVERFRONT

SUDes 2017

DIAGRAMS OF THE MASTER PLAN

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An Outdoor Living Room Claudia Garcia Del Val, Spain

MASTER PLAN

“A new network of public spaces to establish a strong community feeling.�

From the beginning, I have been particularly interested in the way people experience the public space in China.

The idea is creating a network of inclusive public spaces, where rural and urban residents or tourists can gather. The new net is based on three axis of different character; - urban-cultural, local and green.

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The urban-cultural axis, a contemporary concept of public space, connects the site from north to south and preserves some buildings that are seen as opportunities to develop public institutions related to Dujiangyan tradition and history.

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The local street introduces to the site the waterfront lifestyle; tea houses, board games, gastronomy or local shops.

This space is thought from the Chinese conception of traditional street and introduces a new housing typology that makes possible a human scale.

The green space has the intention of bringing the unique landscape from the Longchi National Forest Park to the area, creating a green gap that dialogues with the existing concatenated greenery.

From a global perspective the goal is to connect the site to the city, while on a local scale the idea is to develop each public space keeping its own atmosphere.

Focusing on a social sustainability will enhance the cultural identity of Dujiangyan and reconstruct the community spirit of the site, which will lead in the future to a whole sustainable perspective.

ATMOSPHERIC AXONOMETRY

DETAILED PLAN

urban axis

local street

ILLUSTRATION OF THE LOCAL STREET

SUDes 2017

park

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Artery

Daniela Salvova, Slovakia

ARTERY - URBAN FARMING

““You have to taste a culture to understand it.”

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by Deborah Carter

The main idea of the project was to create a structure, where all the subjects of the city can meet in a natural environment.

The core of this structure represents a commercial street full of shops (mainly local traditional products) and greenery.

Location of the site is truly unique also the presence of three layers of the society: municipality - aiming to turn the city into famous touristic one, local people - lacking job opportunities and public spaces, tourists - eager to enjoy real face of China.

Connection between these two axes is represented by small public courtyards full of restaurants or small public buildings with fields (urban farmingrestaurants plant their own food, food waste used as a fertilizer).

Through this proposal tourists are given an opportunity to interact with local people while enjoying famous cuisine of Sichuan province or learning the whole process of growing vegetables and preparing meals. Food is the ingredient that binds all the layers together.

Decision to preserve, gentrify and connect some places of interest, which can be seen as both obstacles and potentials, helped to create a new city structure called “Artery”.

Location of this structure completes an existing ring road connecting our site with old town and southern neighbourhood.

Boundaries of the artery are created by different types of blocks. In the southern part, there are more private gardens oriented blocks while the eastern boundary represents blocks which are more solid.

MASTER PLAN

ARTERY - SHOPPING STREET

ARTERY - PARK

SUDes 2017

ARTERY CONCEPT

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SUDes 2017

Exhibition

Exhibition Autumn 2017 The results of two SUDes Master’s Program design studios Urban Dynamics and Urban Recycling were exhibited together in the Foyer of the School of Architecture from December 11th, 2017 - January 12th, 2018.

The autumn semester design courses resulted in 73 unique proposals and sustainable visions for two sites: Chengdu, China (Urban Dynamics) and Ystad Harbor, Sweden (Urban Recycling). While dealing with completely different urban scales and context, the students of both studios have challenged the conventional approaches to sustainability and presented

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holistic proposals for their complex sites.

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Afterword

Challenging Tomorrow From our initial discussions on the effects of globalization to our discussions on the social and economic implications of Dujiangyan’s current urban development policies, we have had a wealth of inspiring conversations through seminars, tutorials, and lectures that have been translated into this collection of student work. From drawings showing alternative infill and revitalization strategies for Dujiangyan’s traditional hutong residential area to explorations of sustainable visions for the future growth of the city of Dujiangyan, we feel there is so much potential in the conversations held within these pages. We hope they have inspired you all as much as they have us.

To all our students we would like to thank you for these 16 weeks. We have seen you all progress throughout these weeks, and we believe that as you grow in experience and knowledge you all have the potential to make our world a better and more sustainable place.

We hope this studio has been an incubator of ideas and has given everyone involved the belief that if we all continue to push ourselves through research, reflection, and drawing the answers to the challenges of today will come.

Andreas Olsson Course Leader, Program Assistant Sustainable Urban Design Lund University Katerina Vondrova Course Coordinator, Teaching Assistant Sustainable Urban Design Lund University

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Peter Siöström Associate Professor Director of SUDes Master’s Program Sustainable Urban Design Lund University

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SUDes 2017

Ax:son Johnson Institute for Sustainable Urban Design Lund University

Sustainable Urban Design Master’s Program School of Architecture Lunds Tekniska HÜgskola P.O. Box 124, 221 00 Lund, Sweden +46 46 222 00 00 www.stadsbyggnad.lth.se

Lund University P.O. Box 117, 221 00 Lund, Sweden +46 46 222 00 00 www.lunduniversity.lu.se

Partner Universities:

Southwest Jiaotong University School of Architecture and Design Chengdu, China

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Beijing Jiaotong University School of Architecture, Beijing, China

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Printed at Media-Tryck Lund, Sweden 2018