STOL AIRCRAFT MAGAZINE 1ST QUARTER 2015 by STOL Aircraft Magazine

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The Magazine For Short Take-Off & L anding Aircraft

Maule

Building Since 1941

FIR S T Q UA RTER | 201 5

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FIR ST QU AR TER | 20 15

Q1 | 2015 Volume 2 | Number 1

FEATURES

28 So You Want To Build A STOL Aircraft Part 2 of a Series Dennis “Shooter” Smith

34 Let’s Go To Greenland A STOL Adventure

Jack McLaughlin

b Legend Cu s Off Faster Lighter Take

911 A Custom w1or thy Unique & Air

MAULE S

Part 1 of a Se

nt To Build So You WAair aft A STOL riescr

BREED

Building Sin

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Haul Road Hunt Part 1: Dancing With The Sisters Denny Serie

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B OB & B O

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STOL Stars Sean McLaughlin, Airframes Alaska

FRANCES HOHL

STOL Aircraft Magazine is the only North American magazine dedicated to the wants and needs of the backcountry, bush and STOL pilot. STOL is a quarterly magazine featuring certified and experimental STOL aircraft, survival and first aid tips, handgun, long gun and shotgun reviews, and many other topics tailored to the backcountry, bush pilot and outdoor enthusiast. To subscribe, please visit our website at www.STOLAircraftMagazine.com, click subscribe, select subscription, pay via Paypal or credit card.

www.STOLAircraftMagazine.com

50 Superior Air Parts New O-382 Engine

Dennis “Shooter” Smith

48 Custom 1911 Part Two

Maule

Building Since 1941 Dennis “Shooter” Smith

Dennis “Shooter” Smith

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From The Cockpit | by DENNIS “SHOOTER” Smith

DEPARTMENTS Publishing Publication Printers CEO Sheila Smith Editorial Staff Editor In Chief Dennis “Shooter” Smith Copy Editor Frances Hohl

Contributing Writers Dennis “Shooter” Smith Scott “Sky” Smith Carmine Mowbray Randall Corfman, PhD, MD Denny Serie Frances Hohl Jack McLaughlin Art Art Director Claire Zadow

Message from the editor

Mossberg Mariner

Risk Management

FROM THE COCKPIT

Dennis “Shooter” Smith

BUSH PROTECTION DENNIS “shooter” smith

ASSET PROTECTION Scott “Sky” Smith

Graphic Design Courtney Smith Kaitlin Smith Photographers Dennis “Shooter” Smith Sheila Smith Courtney Smith

Production Claire Zadow

Letters to the editor

Ten Years of Success

Piper Aviation Museum

E-Media Web Design Sheila Smith

AIRMAIL

RAF

Carmine Mowbray

DETOUR AHEAD

Dennis “Shooter” Smith

Sleeping Bags

Our Parting Shot

SAIA Marchetti SM.1019A

CALENDAR OF EVENTS

EXPERIMENTAL

Dennis “Shooter” Smith

Avionics

Lithium Batteries

survival TIPS DENNIS “shooter” smith

MEDICAL TIPS Winter Flying

RANDLE S. CORFMAN PHD MD

Dennis “Shooter” Smith

THE EMPENNAGE Dennis “Shooter” Smith

Inside Back Cover PEOPLE OF STOL

On the Cover

Russell Armstrong’s Maule at the Second Annual Maule Homecoming, Moultrie, GA

Advertising Advertising Manager Dennis “Shooter” Smith 713-816-0927 Shooter@STOLAircraftMagazine.com 32106 Windrose Lane Waller, TX 77484 www.STOLAircraftMagazine.com Subscription Inquiries To change your address, order new subscriptions or report a problem with your current subscription, please email STOL Aircraft Magazine at sss@stolaircraftmagazine.com Printed in the United States of America.

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ear STOL Aircraft Owners, Pilots, and Enthusiasts, Approximately one year ago, my wife and I decided to take off on this adventure of STOL Aircraft Magazine.

Needless to say, 2014 was a very interesting year for us. We traveled to 11 different states to gather information on STOL aircraft and the people who fly them. We met a lot of engaging people with the same aviation interests that we possess. As we revved up the magazine, there were a few doubters early on who thought we might not be able to pull this off. I’m happy to say most have come around and now wholeheartedly embrace our efforts to bring the STOL way of life to the masses! Although new to the publication world, we soon convinced the STOL “insiders” that our 40+ years in the trenches of STOL flying and experimentation is exactly what was needed to build this magazine. This winter issue (our second) has placed us well on our way to meeting our goals. Advanced planning is well on its way to have us visit many STOL and other events this year: Llano Round-up, Sun-N-Fun, The Great Alas-

kan Aviation Gathering; and Valdez will start the year. I

Keep us advised on what you would like to see and read in your STOL Aircraft Magazine. As always, you can look up our frequent updates and blogs on our ever-changing website as we attempt to meet your needs and expectations. Visit us at www.stolaircraftmagazine.com and www.stolchampionships.com. Thanks very much for your interest and support.

hope to make New Holstein for the first time and either the WAD or High Sierra depending on aircraft availability. We also plan on visiting the 3rd Annual Maule Home Coming as we had a great time last year. We are looking forward to our own event, The National STOL Championship and Aviation Expo in Quanah, Texas, October 1518, 2015. It looks like 2015 is shaping up to be an exciting year. Please contact us with your event schedule so that we can

Dennis “Shooter” Smith Editor in Chief STOL Aircraft Magazine shooter@stolaircraftmagazine.com (713)816-0927

plan to attend. Send us your photos and fly-in reports. w w w. S T O L A i r c r a f t M a g a z i n e . c o m

Airmail | letters TO THE EDITOR Howdy

Hello. I just subscribed to your new magazine, really excited about that. Could you make sure I get the first issue as well because I want to collect every issue. Thanks so much for taking on this challenge. I’m flying the around the world cub “Howdy” 1993 SuperCub N4155R. Looking forward to getting your Magazine. Thanks again. Bill I., Snohomish, Washington

The Maga zine For Shor t TakeOff & L andin g Aircr aft

TURNBULL MANUFACTURING COMPANY Vintage Firearm Restoration & Modern Firearm Manufacturing

info@turnbullmfg.com | 585-657-6338

Handgun•Rifle•Shotgun Restoration

FOURTH QUARTE R | 2014

Ops around Alaska

As a former pilot and airport manager in the Texas Hill Country (49R), I am excited to see the publication of a new magazine dedicated to slow flight and short runways. I enjoy keeping up with the new ideas and inventions, with some human interest stories as always. The event calender will be useful in planning for upcoming fly-ins and airshows. Keep up the good work, you’ve got my full support. Karl K., Concan, TX P.S. My place is on the path of Del Rio/San Antonio direct, so a shout and wave to all passerbys overhead!

Good Job!

Perfect! Here we have really enjoyed reading your first issue of STOL magazine. And it is a great honor to be featured so nicely in it! Thank you very much! Bobby’s copy is on the way to London. Also, it was really neat to read how you dramatically met Sheila! “Made my final approach [under parachute] to land within 3-5 feet in front of her”…Ha!… Dennis that is both Powerful and Sweet. Your photo absolutely rocked it. Even I (who with Bobby refined that arrival technique as what we thought was most effective), have never seen a still photo that captures that split second point in time. The ripple/fold in the tires shows up...the tires are hard pressed into the ground...flaps up, elevator up, fuselage level and wing done making lift, and the line still somewhere under the midpoint of the fuselage..line judge is in view...good job capturing all that Dennis! Bob Breeden, Sterling, AK 4

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A Custom 1911

Unique & Airworth y

BY BREED

Dear Fellow Pilot,

B OB &

of a Series

Legend Cub

Lighter Takes Off Faster

Flying the Knik

A River of Advent ure So You Want To A STOL AircraftBuild Part 1

Hello, I just signed up for your magazine! Thought I’d submit a few pictures of my PA-14 and my Dad (Rob Sylvester)’s PA-18 out doing what they do best, STOL off airport ops around Alaska. Sean S., Alaska

O L C HA M P

A Great First Effort

I received three copies of the new STOL magazine yesterday and I have to say I am impressed! I have already given my two spares to two guys I fly with and unless I miss my guess you will be hearing from them shortly. I look forward to future issues, especially the ones which will show your progress with your new cub project. A GREAT first effort Dennis, you and your staff have every right to be very proud of yourselves. Doug S.

New Wind.

I received my magazine in the mail today - thank you !! I can’t wait to devour it page by page. This has put new wind in my sails to finish my Carbon Cub EX. Ben B.

Custom Features Include:

• Your Aircraft “N” Number As Its Serial Number • Your Aircraft Type Engraved On Slide • Your Aircraft Picture Engraved On Slide • Stainless Steel Frame And Slide • Videki Trigger • Skeletonized Hammer • Beavertail • Checkered Fore Grip • Checkered Mainspring Housing • Lowered And Flared Ejection Port • Extended Magazine Well • Novak Night Sights • Custom Stocks

Turnbull Manufacturing Company is dedicated to the faithful and accurate restoration of vintage firearms. Our Firearm Restoration Services are available on rifles, shotguns and handguns. In addition, we offer custom restoration upgrades. Our Turnbull Manufactured Firearms are for sale and can be seen in our current firearm inventory and photo galleries. See Turnbull products in our online shop and follow us on Facebook.

You Can Win A Custom 1911 .45 ACP Pistol (Valued at over $5,000)

Built by Turnbull Manufacturing Company Doug Turnbull, Master Gunsmith

More Info To Come! Winner to be selected at the National STOL Championships and Aircraft Expo in Quanah, Texas

Sponsored by STOL National Championships non-profit status applied for, all proceeds/profits to be donated to the Quanah EMS

Calendar of Events Updates!

Fly-ins, Round-ups & Gatherings! Second Annual Texas STOL Round-Up Don’t miss Phil Whittemore’s Second Annual Texas STOL Round-Up April 10, 11, and 12, 2015 Llano Municipal Airport (KAQ0). This event will include a short take-off and landing competition with LSA, alternate Bush, Bush, light touring, and heavy touring classes. Also included is a flour bombing contest. Camping is alongside the runway or hotel rooms are available in town. More information is located on their website at www.texasstolroundup.org., or call (325) 245-5635. 41st Sun-n-Fun International Fly-In & Expo April 14-19, 2015, Lakeland Linder Airport, Lakeland, Florida Come see the first 2015 showing of all the latest greatest that aviation has to offer. Sun-n-Fun is the traditional start of the fly-in season in the United States. For more information see www.sun-n-fun.org. 3rd Annual Lone Star Maule Round-up May 1-3, 2015, Llano Municipal Airport, Llano, Texas Open to ALL Maule owners and Maule enthusiasts (any aircraft owner). Fun weekend of flying and area excursions. Fly out Pork Burgers on Friday. STOL and flour bomb drop contest on Saturday. Progressive fly out breakfast on Sunday. Camping and camaraderie. More info see: www.lonestarmaules.com. The 15th Great Alaska Aviation Gathering May 2-3, 2015, Ted Stevens International Airport, Anchorage, Alaska Don’t miss The Alaska Airmen Association’s Great Alaska Aviation Gathering. It is Alaska’s largest aviation event. Over 275 exhibitors will be on site featuring the latest in technology, state of the art products, and new innovations. Indoor and outdoor static displays of sport, general aviation, experimental, vintage, commercial, corporate and military aircraft will be available for viewing. For more information visit: www.greatalaskaaviationgathering.org. Valdez May Day Fly In and Air Show May 9-11, 2015, Valdez, Alaska A must see. Come to Valdez and experience the exciting Alaskan premier bush plane competition in the Western United States! The three day event includes, beach landings, aerobatic air show, poker fun run, flour bombing, vendors, food and the greatest short take off and landing competition in Alaska! For more information visit: www.valdezflyin.com. STOL Aircraft Magazine’s National STOL Championship and Aircraft Expo October 15-18, 2015, Quanah, Texas This year’s premier lower 48 STOL event. Friday dinner and movie. Saturday STOL short take off and landing event. Multiple classes. Saturday evening banquet. Flour bombing, children’s events, camping, on field showers, food vendors, exhibitors and more. For more information visit: www.STOLchampionships.com.

Mark Your Calendar April 10-12 Phil Whittemore’s 2nd Annual Texas STOL Round-Up www.texasstolroundup.org. April 14-19 Sun-N-Fun sun-n-fun.org May 1-3 3rd Annual Lone Star Maule Round-Up www.lonestarmaules.com May 2-3 The Great Alaskan Aviation Gathering alaskaairmen.org May 9-11 Valdez May Days STOL Competition www.valdezflyin.com July 20-26 EAA Airventure Oshkosh eaa.org July 19-24 New Holstein Fly-In New Holstein, Wisconsin September 9-12 (proposed) Reno Air Races www.airrace.org September 25-27 Maule Homecoming Fly-In Moultrie, Georgia October 15-18 National STOL Championships & Aircraft Expo www.stolaircraftmagazine.com

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Bush Protection | by Dennis “shooter” Smith Mossberg Mariner

Dependable, reliable, performance proven

hotguns are the likely utilitarian weapon for the backcountry pilot. They can fulfill a multitude of functions. A shotgun can provide for defense against all types of scoundrels and critters. With appropriate loadings, it can be used to harvest birds, rabbits, deer, bear, and defend against human aggressors. Shotguns, unlike pistols, can readily cross all state lines and the Canadian border. When balancing weight vs. function, the shotgun holds its own. When considering survival and defense weapons, the shotgun is a logical first choice. It can be used effectively with a minimum of training and skill. All survival and defense weapons must be light and durable. They usually spend a lot of time doing nothing but bouncing around in a cargo compartment until needed. When called upon, after months or years of inactivity and abuse, they are expected to function flawlessly. In time of immediate need, your life may depend on their function. Mossberg has been producing reliable American firearms since 1919. They provide the only pump shotgun

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to the U.S. government that meets or exceeds MIL-S-3443 specifications. The Mossberg 500 series Mariner is a backcountry pilot’s dream. It is compact, measuring 39.5” in length, light at 6.75 lbs, and powerful being chambered in 12-gauge. The magazine can take up to 3” shells, fitting 5 in the magazine and 1 in the chamber. The 18.5” barrel maintains a cylinder bore choke for use with slugs and 00 buck. The Mariner is as tough as it is effective. The metal components of this pump shotgun are finished with Mossberg’s exclusive MarinecoteTM finish. The finish is designed for hostile, coastal environments. Testing reveals that Marinecote resists corrosion better than stainless steel. The stock and foregrip are durable black synthetic. The black stock contrasts well with the stainless-appearing finish of the Marinecote, making a visual pleasing appearance. I do not like the cosmetic durability of the finish. It mars easily and takes on a dirty look to the finish with minimal use. Scarring occurred to the magazine tube after just a few strokes of the ejection mechanism. Considering its intended use as a utilitarian baggage compartment fixture until needed for real bad stuff, I guess I’m not that concerned about the pretty factor. The upper receiver’s ambidextrous safety is

easy to reach, and easy to manipulate with either the left or right hand. This was a plus for us lefties as we are usually not considered by most manufacturers. Shooting the Mariner is a blast (pun fully intended). Its light weight and short barrel make it quick to handle and easy to point. The single gold bead front sight is easy to see and align in bright light. Low light and low contrast lighting make accurate sighting more difficult. The magazine holds five 3-inch shells with one in the chamber. The B-27 man-sized targets were shot at 10, 20 and 30 yards with Winchester Super X 2 ¾ inch “00” buck shells. Recoil was moderate as expected in this short light gun with 00 buck loads.

Ten yard shooting produced a tight center mass 3 ¾ inch group of all 9 pellets. Twenty yard firing increased the group by seven to a 10 ¾ inch group with all 9 pellets accounted for and on paper. Things opened up a bit at 30 yards. This was not unexpected as the Mariner comes with a cylinder bore choke. Eight pellets hit paper, six of which hit the bad guy. Two went over his left shoulder. A little lower point of aim would have put eight in the critical zone. A 17-inch group was measured for the 8 hits. On the lighter side, shots were fired with Winchester #6 heavy game loads 2 ¾ inch 3 1/4 DR. EQ. 1 1/8-oz. At 20 yards all pellets were accounted for. At 30 yards 181 or 71.5% or the normal 253 pellets available in a 1 1/8-oz load were counted on paper. Patterning was again made on B-27 man-sized paper targets. Other than the easy-to-mar finish, the Mossberg Mariner met my standard for a special use shotgun. It is easy to use, light, has good pointing/aiming capabilities. The shotgun functioned flawlessly, but what else could be expected, it’s a pump. The Mariner is a perfect “throw it in the back and use it later” shotgun. It is dependable, reliable, and performance proven. As always, the gun reviewed was purchased through an independent box store retailer by STOL Aircraft Magazine. No discounts, credits or considerations were given for its purchase. u

own several Mossberg pump shotguns. I duck and goose hunted with one for three years on the Katy and Eagle Lake Prairie near Houston. I hunt with my dog, Jake, over rice patties. It has been dropped in the water numerous times. I frequently would lay it on a mud levy and it would be walked on by my muddy footed dog. It withstood being thrown into the bottom of a wet muddy bottomed boat and shaken vigorously riding a 4-wheeler during our four and a half month season. The standard cleaning method was to wash it out with a hose, spray it down inside and out with WD-40 and stand it muzzle down in a corner until next weekend’s use and abuse. It always worked flawlessly. It would receive a thorough and proper cleaning only at the end of the season. I continue to use it today. What more could you ask of your shotgun?

C. Mowbray

Logging a 10-year history of successes.

Mother/daughter team of Carmine and Kari Mowbray fly into Mexican Mountain, Utah in Carmine’s C-182.

ince the creation of the Recreational Aviation Foundation (RAF) ten yeas ago, the non-profit group has surpassed many benchmarks. Starting with conversation around a campfire in Montana’s backcountry, the group now numbers over 6000 supporters

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throughout the nation. Its progress has attracted pilots from several foreign countries as well. The RAF mission is “keeping the legacy of recreational aviation strong by preserving, maintaining and creating public use recreational and backcountry airstrips nationwide.” In

the previous issue of STOL Magazine, we described the RAF’s inception, goals and relevance to the STOL community. Here are more specific accomplishments. By recruiting energetic, dedicated individuals in each state, the RAF team has multiplied its efforts. These “state

Dedicated volunteer attempts to mow North Fox Island airfield before airlifted equipment arrives.

RAF crafted a Resolution, which became part of the Congressional Record in 2010: “The House of Representatives recognizes the value of recreational and backcountry airstrips located in the Nation’s public lands and commends aviators and the various private organizations that maintain these.” Momentum continued to build, and the RAF commissioned a legal review of each state’s recreational use statutes. For those states with no mention of aviation, the RAF launched a nation-wide campaign to insert noncommercial aviation to provide some liability protection for land owners.

The ultimate goal was to encourage increased public use of airfields. At this time, half the states include appropriate language, and the results have been gratifying, opening up airfields that had lain dormant for fear of exposure to liability loss. Invitations are increasing for events on these lands for activities like camping, fly-ins, pot-lucks and work parties, fulfilling another RAF goal. Taking this concept a step further, the RAF communicated with Morse Insurance Company of Orlando to draw up an aviation-specific policy to provide additional protection for landowners. It was unveiled at the RAF’s bi-annual leadership conference in April. Highlights of the policy are that both public and private ownership is addressed; the field need not be paved; it does not need to be registered with the FAA or the state; and there is no deductible. For more information see: http://www.morseagency.com/ aviation/. Nearly every weekend around the country, RAF volunteers are staffing trade displays, organizing work parties, hosting potato-bakes or meeting with state aeronautics officials or land managers from the U.S. Forest Service, Bureau of Land Management

Don Seelye

RAF Enters Second Decade

liaisons” create partnerships in their respective state with their aeronautics and pilots’ associations, and private and public land managers. President John McKenna recalled a conversation with a key contributor. “He said that ‘it may take a thousand of us to save a place so one can go.’ Now thousands of us are working on these special places, and they’re showing up on charts.” Early on, the team discovered that aviation was overlooked in lands management policy. Where other forms of recreation were specified, recreational aviation was missing. RAF co-founder Chuck Jarecki compiled the “Land Managers Guide” to inform land managers about the high standards required to operate GA aircraft, and the special skills required for backcountry flying. (An accompanying publication, “Advocates’ Guide” is available to those in a position of backcountry aviation advocacy, primarily on public lands.) RAF leadership shined their best shoes and packed suits and neckties and headed to our nation’s Capitol to meet policy-makers. They met with thenChief of the U. S. Forest Service Abigail Kimbell. In a proclamation to the Forest Service in July 2009, she stated: “Aviation has been part of our country’s heritage, both as a mode of transportation and as a means of access to remote and scenic areas for a wide variety of purposes. Backcountry airstrips are an appropriate use of National Forest System (NFS) lands. “Providing backcountry airstrips serves recreationists who care deeply about use and enjoyment of NFS lands, both now and in the future. Recreation aircraft and backcountry airstrips can be an integral part of a balanced and efficient transportation system. As Chief, I want line officers and resource planning staff to support use of recreational aircraft and backcountry airstrips . . .” The RAF delegation obtained a seat on the General Aviation Caucus. Through face time with Congressmen and senior aides – several of whom were already keen to aviation – the

RAF courtesy photo

Recreational Aviation Foundation | by Carmine mowbray

North Fox Island. w w w. S T O L A i r c r a f t M a g a z i n e . c o m

Asset Protection | by Scott “sky” Smith Risk Management

Avoiding risk, reducing risk, containing risk and transferring risk.

Protecting Your Airstrip From Legal Problems: Part 2

Recoup your asset with appropriate insurance.

ne question many people ask is “Why should I buy insurance?” Is it required? Well... no, most states don’t require aircraft insurance. There are a few states that require liability coverage and there are finance companies that require insurance coverage if you borrow their money, but unlike automobiles, there is not a nationwide mandate requiring anyone to buy aviation insurance. Although, there has been a growth in airports and municipalities that have requested proof of insurance if you want to base your aircraft at their airport. So in a way, yes, there are a few owners being told that they must have insurance. But typically that is for liability only and only if you want to be based at that airport. One way to think of insurance is in a negative light as a necessary evil. Another way is to think of it in a positive light as a savings account if or when

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you have an accident or incident. And another is to be technical about it and think of it as risk management. That’s probably the best way to think of insurance, a means of managing financial risk. There are professional risk managers that can evaluate your risk exposure and make recommendations for your particular situation a lot better than I can in a short article. But what I can do is provide a few basic concepts about risk management. But never pass up professional help from a risk manager if you can get it. Managing risk can be summarized by four different actions: Avoiding risk, Reducing risk, Containing risk and Transferring risk. To many people, the first thing they think about is avoiding the risk altogether. One of my favorite lines is “flying is not inherently dangerous, crashing is!” So what we do as pilots (flying) is not a high risk venture until

we crash, right!? Seriously, if you are going to own an aircraft and fly, there is a risk associated with that activity. And the risk doesn’t stop with the aircraft value. I have had a number of people say they aren’t concerned about the loss of the aircraft. They just avoid any high-risk flying. They don’t fly at night. They don’t fly in high winds. And my favorite one: they have lots of hours and they know how to handle the aircraft. These are all great excuses until that one unexpected experience. It might be a time when the brakes fail or the landing gear pump quits or the main tire blows out. Then you find out how good a pilot you really are. Even though you as the pilot tried to avoid the risk, the aircraft didn’t. An airplane is a mechanical device that has wear and tear and the potential for failure. Because of that, it is very difficult to avoid the risk unless you don’t fly at all! continued on page 54

By Scott “Sky” Smith irst I need to respond to a few comments from the last issue. Thanks for asking the question and making the comments. As I said before, these are just my opinions and observations from years of being in the aviation industry. I neglected to mention anything about the Recreational Use Statutes (RUS). I was looking at airport landing strips from an insurance perspective. But I was reminded that with Recreational Use Statutes there is potentially limited liability to airport or land owners. One of the best places to read about the Recreational Use Statutes is the Recreational Aviation Foundation’s website at http://recreationalaviationfoundation.org/. Another place I found helpful was the University of Vermont’s equine law site at https://asci.uvm.edu/equine/law/recreate/recreate.htm. They are not targeting recreational aviation but they do provide links to all the states. I also wanted to reprint a few items from a couple of states (Iowa and Minnesota). Since I am in Iowa, of course I have the Iowa information. It is important to know when you as the landowner would be responsible and at risk outside the Recreational Use Statutes protection. Iowa’s Recreational Use Statute: *Section 461C.6 When liability lies against owner Nothing in this chapter limits in any way any liability which otherwise exists: 1. For willful or malicious failure to guard or warn against a dangerous condition, use, structure, or activity. 2. For injury suffered in any case where the owner of land charges the person or persons who enter or go on the land for the recreational use thereof, except that in the case of land or any interest or right therein, leased or transferred to, or the subject of any agreement with, the United States or any agency thereof or the state or any agency thereof or subdivision thereof, any consideration received

by the holder for such lease, interest, right or agreement, shall not be deemed a charge within the meaning of this section. Minnesota (and most of the other states I looked at) was basically the same except Minnesota added a few comments about making sure your landing strip or airport is appropriately registered. **“While this statute addresses liability it does not relieve the airport owner from the requirement to have an airport license appropriate to the uses allowed at the airport. The landing area may be an unlicensed landing area in which case the use must cease within 30 days. If the airport is a personal‐use airport it is only intended for the personal use of the property owner. If the owner gives permission for others to utilize the airport then the airport must be licensed for private or public use and meet the stricter safety requirements associated with those licenses.” USLegal.com had an interesting comment also. ***“Additionally, it is the common-law duty of an owner of land to use ordinary care to avoid or prevent injury to licensees and to refrain from willfully or wantonly injuring them. A landowner has a common-law duty to protect licensees from injury on account of nuisances created or maintained on the land. This is true even where the dangerous condition involves a defect; a threatening or impending danger to the public; and a private nuisance, to the property rights or health of persons sustaining particular relations to the same[v]. The recreational user statute codifies tort principles recognized at common law relative to the duties owed by owners and occupiers of land to those who are gratuitously upon the land. The act does not expand or restrict the common-law duty owed to such licensees[vi]. u w w w. S T O L A i r c r a f t M a g a z i n e . c o m

MAULE

The Maule Family has been quietly building high quality STOL type aircraft products since 1941. 22

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The Maule F amily. In fro nt: Ray Mau Paola Maule le, second ro , Rautgunde w left to righ M aule, Ty Wil Wilkes, Kit W t: kes, third ro ilkes, Brent M w: Michelle aule, and Su w w w. S T O L A i r c r a f t M a g a z i n e . c o m san Maule.